JP3838672B2 - Method for forming solder circuit board - Google Patents
Method for forming solder circuit board Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP3838672B2 JP3838672B2 JP34064993A JP34064993A JP3838672B2 JP 3838672 B2 JP3838672 B2 JP 3838672B2 JP 34064993 A JP34064993 A JP 34064993A JP 34064993 A JP34064993 A JP 34064993A JP 3838672 B2 JP3838672 B2 JP 3838672B2
- Authority
- JP
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- Prior art keywords
- solder
- circuit
- solder powder
- metal
- board
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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- 229910000679 solder Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 138
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 32
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 87
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 58
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 58
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 20
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 210000002816 gill Anatomy 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 32
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 7
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000005496 eutectics Effects 0.000 description 4
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- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- YXIWHUQXZSMYRE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-benzothiazole-2-thiol Chemical class C1=CC=C2SC(S)=NC2=C1 YXIWHUQXZSMYRE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oxalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(O)=O MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 235000011054 acetic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- -1 benzothiazole thio fatty acid Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009713 electroplating Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 3
- 150000002460 imidazoles Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 description 3
- YTZPUTADNGREHA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2h-benzo[e]benzotriazole Chemical class C1=CC2=CC=CC=C2C2=NNN=C21 YTZPUTADNGREHA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Malonic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000003785 benzimidazolyl group Chemical class N1=C(NC2=C1C=CC=C2)* 0.000 description 2
- 125000003354 benzotriazolyl group Chemical class N1N=NC2=C1C=CC=C2* 0.000 description 2
- IOJUPLGTWVMSFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclobenzothiazole Natural products C1=CC=C2SC=NC2=C1 IOJUPLGTWVMSFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethylselenoniopropionate Natural products CCC(O)=O XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000007772 electroless plating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 2
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 2
- JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lactic acid Chemical compound CC(O)C(O)=O JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanoic acid Natural products OC=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005476 soldering Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000002948 undecyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-REOHCLBHSA-N (S)-malic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](O)CC(O)=O BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-REOHCLBHSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(3-methoxyphenyl)aniline Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC(C=2C=CC(N)=CC=2)=C1 OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-JCYAYHJZSA-N Dextrotartaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-JCYAYHJZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Succinic acid Natural products OC(=O)CCC(O)=O KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tartaric acid Natural products [H+].[H+].[O-]C(=O)C(O)C(O)C([O-])=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002313 adhesive film Substances 0.000 description 1
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- BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-hydroxysuccinic acid Natural products OC(=O)C(O)CC(O)=O BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229940053200 antiepileptics fatty acid derivative Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940058303 antinematodal benzimidazole derivative Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052797 bismuth Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N bismuth atom Chemical compound [Bi] JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-NUQCWPJISA-N butanedioic acid Chemical compound O[14C](=O)CC[14C](O)=O KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-NUQCWPJISA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 239000002985 plastic film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006255 plastic film Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 description 1
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- IUVKMZGDUIUOCP-BTNSXGMBSA-N quinbolone Chemical compound O([C@H]1CC[C@H]2[C@H]3[C@@H]([C@]4(C=CC(=O)C=C4CC3)C)CC[C@@]21C)C1=CCCC1 IUVKMZGDUIUOCP-BTNSXGMBSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K3/00—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits
- H05K3/30—Assembling printed circuits with electric components, e.g. with resistor
- H05K3/32—Assembling printed circuits with electric components, e.g. with resistor electrically connecting electric components or wires to printed circuits
- H05K3/34—Assembling printed circuits with electric components, e.g. with resistor electrically connecting electric components or wires to printed circuits by soldering
- H05K3/3457—Solder materials or compositions; Methods of application thereof
Landscapes
- Electric Connection Of Electric Components To Printed Circuits (AREA)
- Manufacturing Of Printed Wiring (AREA)
Description
【0001】
【産業上の利用分野】
本発明は、プリント配線基板にはんだ回路(プリント回路板に電子部品を取りつけるため、金属回路のパッド面にあらかじめはんだ薄層を形成したもの)を形成する方法において、金属回路露出部に粘着性を付与した後、これにはんだ粉末を緊密に付着させる方法に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
近年プラスチック基板(フィルムもある。)、セラミック基板、あるいはプラスチック等をコートした金属基板等の絶縁基板上に、適当な方法により電子回路を形成したプリント配線基板(プリント基板あるいは印刷配線板とも言う。)が開発され、その配線面上にIC素子、半導体チップ、抵抗、コンデンサー等の電子部品をはんだ付けして電子機器を構成させる手段が広く採用されている。
【0003】
ところで上記実装回路装置の製造において、電子部品のリード端子を所定のパッドにはんだ付けするためには、前記パッド面にあらかじめはんだ薄層を形成しておき、所要の電子部品を位置決め配置した後、はんだ薄層をリフローさせてはんだ付けを行うのが普通である。
【0004】
このはんだ回路(はんだ薄層)を形成するためには、メッキ法、はんだ浴ディップ法(浸漬法)あるいははんだ粉末のペーストを印刷する方法などが行われてきたが、実装密度の向上に伴い、要求されるはんだ回路のパターンはますます微細となり、作業効率、オンスペック率の向上の要求、回路パターンの縮小の要求などのためこれらの方法では対応が困難になりつつある。
【0005】
これら従来のはんだ回路形成法の中で高精細なパターンなはんだ回路に適用可能な方法としては、メッキ法がある。メッキ法には電解メッキ、無電解メッキ法があるが実際のプリント回路板のはんだ回路部となる対象部分が独立したパターンとして存在する場合が多く、電解メッキの適用は電気導通の点で困難を伴う。一方、無電解メッキは上記電解メッキにおける電気導通の問題点は解決されるが、メッキはんだ層の厚さが薄く、簡単には必要な厚さを得ることが困難であるという技術上の問題がある。
【0006】
また表面をフラックスでコーティングしたはんだ粉末を静電塗装法により回路部分に塗布する方法(特開平3−50853号)の提案があるが、この方法ではまだ高精度の微細パターンを得ることは容易でない。
【0007】
さらに、回路部分にフラックスを印刷、塗布し、その上にはんだ粉末を付着させた後、はんだの融点以上に加熱して溶融させ、このはんだ溶融面上に気体を吹きつけてレベリングを行い、はんだ回路を形成する方法(特開平4−10694号)の提案がある。この方法においては高精度でもってパッド面にフラックスを印刷することが困難なだけでなく、はんだ融液のレベリングの際に微小間隔のパターンのブリッジの危険もあり、高度の熟練した作業が要求される。このように数多くの提案があるが、高精細なパターンのはんだ回路形成には問題がある。
【0008】
本発明者らはこれらの問題をプリント配線基板の金属露出部のみ選択的に粘着性付与することによりはんだ粉末を正確にその部分にのみ付着させた後、これを加熱溶融してはんだ回路を形成させることに成功し、先に特願平5−19366号として先に出願した。この方法によるときは、高精細なはんだパターンを得ることは容易である。しかし、単に、はんだ粉末をふりかけるだけでは粘着性の付与された金属回路部分全体にはんだ粉末がボイドを形成せずに緊密に付着することが容易でなく、特にスルーホール部や両面基板に金属回路露出部があるときにはスルーホール部や裏面部への緊密な付着が困難であった。
【0009】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明は、プリント配線基板の金属露出部を、トリアゾール系誘導体、イミダゾール系誘導体、またはチアゾール系誘導体等粘着性化合物の少なくとも一種を含む溶液に浸漬処理または塗布処理をすることにより該金属露出部に粘着性を付与し、これにボイドを形成させることなく、緊密にはんだ粉末を付着させ、高精細なはんだ粉末パターンを得るための高精細なはんだ回路形成方法の開発を目的とする。
【0010】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明は、
[1] はんだ付けすべき金属回路のみが露出したはんだ回路を有するプリント配線基板を、金属と作用して粘着性を発現する化合物で処理することにより金属回路露出部のみに粘着性を付与し、次いで該プリント配線基板上にはんだ粉末を供給し、振動させて金属回路露出部にはんだ粉末を緊密に付着させ、該ハンダ粉末を溶融することを特徴とするはんだ回路基板の形成方法、
[2] 振動する床上に、はんだ付けすべき金属回路のみが露出したはんだ回路を有するプリント配線基板を、金属と作用して粘着性を発現する化合物で処理することにより金属回路露出部のみに粘着性を付与して得たプリント配線基板を載せ、移動させながら該基板の上にはんだ粉末を供給し、振動、移動させることで粘着性を付与した金属回路露出部のみにはんだ粉末を緊密に付着させ、該ハンダ粉末を溶融することを特徴とするはんだ回路基板の形成方法、
[3] 両面またはスルーホール部の金属露出部を、金属と作用して粘着性を発現する化合物で処理することにより、金属回路露出部に粘着性が付与したプリント配線基板を、はんだ粉末層上にプリント配線基板を載せ、更に基板上にはんだ粉末を供給し、振動させ、金属回路露出部にはんだ粉末を緊密に付着させ、該ハンダ粉末を溶融する上記[1]または[2]に記載のはんだ回路基板の形成方法、及び
[4] 流動及び/または振動を与えられたはんだ粉末層に、はんだ付けすべき金属回路のみが露出したはんだ回路を有するプリント配線基板を、金属と作用して粘着性を発現する化合物で処理することにより金属回路露出部のみ粘着性を付与して得た電子回路基板を、該はんだ粉末層中に押し込むことにより、粘着性を付与した金属回路露出部のみにはんだ粉末を緊密に付着させ、該ハンダ粉末を溶融することを特徴とするはんだ回路基板の形成方法、を開発することにより上記の目的を達成した。
【0011】
本発明の対象とするプリント配線基板は、プラスチック基板、プラスチックフィルム基板、ガラス布基板、紙基材エポキシ樹脂基板、セラミックス基板等に金属板を積層した基板あるいは金属基材にプラスチックあるいはセラミックス等を被覆した絶縁基板上に適当な方法により回路を形成した片面プリント配線基板、両面プリント配線基板、多層プリント配線基板あるいはフレキシブルプリント配線基板に適用できる。
【0012】
はんだ粉末付着の際の振動は振幅が0.01mm以上、15mm以下で使用できるが、図2のように該基板を振動により移動させる場合は、好ましくは約1mm以上10mm以下がよい。振動数は2000cpm以上、5000cpm以下であれば良いが、好ましくは3000cpmcpm近辺が良い。振動角は基板の移動方向により変わる。基板が水平に移動する場合は基板に対し0度以上90度以下で有効で、図2のような該基板を振動により移動させる場合は好ましくは30度以上60度以下が良い。
【0013】
一方、基板を流動及び/または振動するはんだ粉末層に押し込む場合は、横方向の振動であっても良いが、はんだ粉末が上下に流動及び/または振動する方が好ましい。流動にあっては窒素ガスのごとき不活性ガスを吹き込むだけで行っても良いし、これに振動を併用して行っても良い。
【0014】
なお振動だけではんだ付着を行う際であってもはんだ粉末層に不活性ガスが行きわたるように、例えばはんだ粉末層の底部から窒素等の不活性ガスを吹き込むと酸化防止ができるので好ましい。
【0015】
不活性ガスだけで流動させるときは大量のガスと必要とするので循環使用することも考慮する必要がある。
【0016】
回路を形成する金属としてはほとんどの場合銅が主として用いられており、本発明の粘着性付与化合物(ナフトトリアゾール系誘導体、ベンゾトリアゾール系誘導体、イミダゾール系誘導体、ベンゾイミダゾール系誘導体、メルカプトベンゾチアゾール系誘導体およびベンゾチアゾールチオ脂肪酸等)に対してもっとも好ましい金属材料であるが、これらに限らず他の金属であっても良い。他の金属にあっては該粘着性付与化合物との結合が銅に比して弱い傾向がある。
【0017】
本発明で使用する粘着性付与化合物としては金属と作用して粘着性を発現する化合物であれば限定はないが、例えば一般式(1)で表されるベンゾトリアゾール系誘導体、
【化1】
一般式(2)で表されるナフトトリアゾール系誘導体、
【化2】
一般式(3)で表されるイミダゾール系誘導体、
【化3】
一般式(4)で表されるベンゾイミダゾール系誘導体、
【化4】
一般式(5)で表されるメルカプトベンゾチアゾール系誘導体、
【化5】
一般式(6)で表されるベンゾチアゾールチオ脂肪酸系誘導体などを挙げることができる。
【化6】
【0018】
これら粘着性付与化合物の少なくとも一つを水に溶解し、酸性、好ましくはpH3〜5程度の微酸性に調整して用いる。処理に際して回路の金属が銅であるときは塩酸、硫酸、硝酸、リン酸等の無機酸を挙げることができる。また有機酸としては蟻酸、酢酸、プロピオン酸、リンゴ酸、シュウ酸、マロン酸、コハク酸、酒石酸、乳酸等が使用できる。該粘着性付与化合物の濃度は厳しく限定はされず、溶解性、使用状況に応じて適宜調整して用いるが、好ましくは全体として0.05重量%乃至20重量%くらいのものが使用し易い。
【0019】
処理温度は室温よりは若干加温したほうが粘着成膜の生成速度、生成量もよく、粘着性付与化合物濃度、金属の種類になどにより変わり限定的でないが、一般的には30℃乃至60℃くらいの範囲が好適である。浸漬時間は限定的でないが、作業効率から5秒乃至5分間位の範囲になるように他の条件を調整することが好ましい。
【0020】
処理すべきプリント回路板は、他の金属回路部分はレジスト等で覆われ、はんだ回路の部分の金属回路のみが露出した状態にしておき、はんだ回路形成用液で処理する。
【0021】
ここで使用する前述の粘着性付与化合物を含む溶液中に浸漬または塗布すると、金属露出表面に粘着性付与化合物が付着して粘着性を示す。これを水洗、乾燥して金属露出面が粘着性のある表面となったプリント回路板が得られる。
【0022】
プリント配線基板の粘着性を付与した金属回路が片面であるときは、その面を上面とし、これにはんだ粉末を供給し、振動させて粘着性部にはんだ粉末をボイドなどの発生しないように緊密に付着させる。また連続的にこれを行いたいときは振動する床上に基板を載せ、床を移動させるか、床面を傾斜させておき、振動させることによりはんだ粉末と共に基板を移動させながら、連続的にプリント配線基板粘着性付与部にはんだ粉末を供給し、振動により緊密に付着させることによっても良い。
【0023】
流動及び/または振動するはんだ層に電子回路基板を押し込む場合は、粘着性付与面が片面であれ、両面であれあまり影響を受けないが、流動するはんだ粉末あるいは振動するはんだ粉末層に方向は上下あるいは水平方向のいずれでも良いが、均一に接触するようにすれば良い。
【0024】
またプリント配線基板の粘着性を付与した金属回路がスルーホール部や両面にも設けられているときは、はんだ粉末層上にプリント配線基板を載せ、その基板上にはんだ粉末を供給しながら振動させる。これを連続的にしたいときは傾斜した床面上のはんだ粉末層上にプリント配線基板をおくが、振動を斜め方向に与え、はんだ層を振動させる方法であっても良い。
【0025】
流動及び/または振動するはんだ粉末層の場合には、粘着性を付与した金属回路がスルーホールあるいは両面に設けられている場合でも問題なく付着させることができる。
【0026】
このようにプリント配線基板とはんだ粉末層を振動させながら接触させることにより、粘着性面上にはんだ粉末を緊密に粉末同士がもっとも密着した状態に付着させることができる。
【0027】
次いで該はんだ粉末を溶融し、レベリングしてはんだ回路を形成させる。この際に使用するはんだの材質としては共晶、銀入り、ビスマス入り等用途により任意に選択できる。
【0028】
以下、図面を用いてその実施方法を説明する。
図1および図2において1はスルーホール部を有するか両面の金属回路露出部に粘着性を付与したプリント配線基板である。これをバイブレーター4上のはんだ粉末層3上に載せ、その上面からはんだ粉末2を供給しながら振動を与え、緊密に付着させる。この場合に振動は上下方向、水平方向(往復あるいは円運動)または斜め上下方向のいずれであっても良い。はんだ層を一方向に移動させるときは床に傾斜を与え、振動は斜め上下にすれば自然に全体を移動させることができる。
【0029】
このような処理を行えばスルーホール部においても図3に示すように絶縁体基板11の両面の銅回路12はスルーホール部を通して連結されており、この表面は粘着性付与化合物の粘着剤層13が形成され、これにはんだ粉末14が緊密に付着させることが可能である。
【0030】
【作用】
本発明は、プリント回路板のはんだ回路を形成するのに回路を形成する金属露出部に粘着性を付与し、そこにはんだ粉末を付着させることにより精確微細なはんだ回路を形成させる場合に、単なるふりかけだけでははんだ付着層のボイドができ易く、このためリフローし、レベリングした場合においてもはんだ層の厚みに不均一性の危険があったが、はんだ粉末層の重さを利用し、振動付着させることにより、あるいは流動及び/または振動するはんだ粉末層に金属回路露出部に粘着性を付与した電子回路基板を押し込むことによりはんだ粉末が緊密に、もっとも密着した状態に付着させることに成功したものである。
【0031】
【実施例】
(実施例1)
一般式(3)においてR4 のアルキル基がC11H23(ウンデシル基)、R5 が水素原子であるイミダゾール系化合物の2重量%水溶液を、酢酸によりpHを約4に調整し、はんだ回路形成用液とした。該水溶液を40℃に加温し、これに塩酸水溶液により前処理したスルーホール部を有するピッチ0.3mmの銅箔張両面プリント基板を3分間浸漬し、粘着性物質を生成させ、次いで該プリント基板を水洗し、乾燥した。この基板を図1に示す方法で粒径約40ミクロンの共晶はんだ粉末を付着させたところ、両面同時にはんだ粉末を緊密に付着させることができた。また、直径0.3mmのスルーホールの内壁にも図3のようにはんだ粉末を緊密に付着させることができた。
【0032】
(実施例2)
銅箔張両面プリント基板に粘着性付与までを実施例1と同様に行い、図2に示す方法で40ミクロンの共晶はんだ粉末を付着させた。このときの振動数は1000cpm、振幅4mm、振動角30度である。粉末付着の際基板は、粉末と同方向に付着されながら移動し、基板の両面は緊密にはんだ粉末が付着した。また、0.3mmのスルーホール内壁にも緊密に付着させることができた。
【0033】
(実施例3)
一般式(3)においてR4 のアルキル基がC11H23Cウンデシル基、R5 が水素原子であるイミダゾール系化合物の2重量%水溶液を酢酸により、pHを約4.5に調整し、はんだ回路形成用溶液とした。該水溶液を40℃に加温し、これに塩酸水溶液により前処理したスルーホール部を有するピッチ0.3mmの銅箔張両面プリント基板を3分間浸漬し、粘着性物質を生成させ、次いで該プリント基板を水洗し、乾燥した。
粒径約25ミクロンの共晶はんだ粉末を入れた槽を振動機上に設置し、振動数3,000cps、振り幅1mmで振動されているはんだ粉末層に該プリント基板を上部から押し込み、引き出したところ、両面同時にはんだ粉末を緊密に付着させることができた。またスルーホール部内壁においてもはんだ粉末は緊密に付着していた。
【0034】
【発明の効果】
本発明によるはんだ回路形成方法は、従来行われていたはんだ回路形成方法と全く異なる原理に基づくものであって、処理操作は金属回路露出部を有するプリント配線基板を所定の粘着性付与化合物を含むはんだ回路形成用液に浸漬、または該液を塗布し、該プリント配線基板の金属回路露出部に粘着性を付与した後、はんだ粉末をはんだ回路部分に付着させ、次いでリフロー炉等を用いてはんだ粉末を溶融し、はんだ回路を形成させる方法である。
【0035】
本発明は特に金属回路露出部に粘着性を付与した後、流動及び/または振動を与えたはんだ粉末層中で処理することにより、容易にかつ確実に該粘着部にはんだ粉末を緊密に粉末同士がもっとも密接に付着させることが可能としたものである。この結果、プリント配線基板上およびスルーホールの内壁に、精確にはんだ薄層を形成することが可能となった。
【0036】
またこのような付着方法で、両面同時にはんだ粉末を付着させることが可能となり、生産工程を簡素にできると共に、精確にスルーホールの内壁にもはんだ薄層を形成することができ生産効率を高くすることができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】プリント配線基板をはんだ粉末層上で、はんだ粉末を供給しながら付着させる概念図。
【図2】はんだ粉末層を移動させながら付着させる概念図。
【図3】はんだ粉末を付着させたスルーホール部の拡大図。
【図4】はんだ粉末層を流動及び/または振動させ、基板を押し込みながらはんだ粉末を付着させる概念図。
【符号の説明】
1 プリント配線基板
2 はんだ粉末
3 はんだ粉末
4 バイブレーター
11 基板
12 銅板
13 粘着層
14 はんだ粉末[0001]
[Industrial application fields]
The present invention relates to a method for forming a solder circuit on a printed wiring board (in which a thin solder layer is formed in advance on a pad surface of a metal circuit in order to attach an electronic component to a printed circuit board). It is related with the method of making solder powder adhere tightly to this after giving.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In recent years, a printed circuit board (also referred to as a printed circuit board or a printed circuit board) in which an electronic circuit is formed by an appropriate method on an insulating substrate such as a plastic substrate (also a film), a ceramic substrate, or a metal substrate coated with plastic or the like. ) Has been developed, and means for configuring electronic devices by soldering electronic components such as IC elements, semiconductor chips, resistors, capacitors, etc. on the wiring surface is widely adopted.
[0003]
By the way, in the manufacture of the mounting circuit device, in order to solder the lead terminal of the electronic component to a predetermined pad, after forming a solder thin layer on the pad surface in advance and positioning and arranging the required electronic component, Usually, soldering is performed by reflowing a thin solder layer.
[0004]
In order to form this solder circuit (solder thin layer), a plating method, a solder bath dipping method (dipping method) or a method of printing a paste of solder powder has been performed. The required solder circuit patterns are becoming increasingly finer, and these methods are becoming difficult to cope with due to demands for improvement in work efficiency, on-spec ratio, reduction in circuit patterns, and the like.
[0005]
Among these conventional solder circuit forming methods, there is a plating method applicable to a solder circuit having a high-definition pattern. There are electroplating and electroless plating methods for plating, but there are many cases where the target part that becomes the solder circuit part of the actual printed circuit board exists as an independent pattern, and the application of electroplating is difficult in terms of electrical conduction. Accompany. On the other hand, the electroless plating solves the problem of electrical continuity in the above electrolytic plating, but the technical problem is that the thickness of the plated solder layer is thin and it is difficult to easily obtain the required thickness. is there.
[0006]
In addition, there is a proposal of a method (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 3-50853) for applying a solder powder whose surface is coated with a flux to a circuit portion by an electrostatic coating method, but it is still not easy to obtain a high-precision fine pattern by this method. .
[0007]
Furthermore, after flux is printed and applied to the circuit part, and solder powder is deposited thereon, it is heated and melted to a temperature higher than the melting point of the solder, and gas is blown onto the solder melting surface to perform leveling. There is a proposal of a method of forming a circuit (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 4-10694). In this method, not only is it difficult to print the flux on the pad surface with high accuracy, but also there is a risk of bridging the pattern with a minute interval when leveling the solder melt, and highly skilled work is required. The Although there are many proposals as described above, there is a problem in forming a solder circuit with a high-definition pattern.
[0008]
The inventors of the present invention selectively adhere only to the exposed metal portion of the printed wiring board to adhere these problems, and then attach the solder powder to only that portion, and then heat and melt it to form a solder circuit. The application was first filed as Japanese Patent Application No. 5-19366. When this method is used, it is easy to obtain a high-definition solder pattern. However, simply spraying the solder powder does not make it easy for the solder powder to adhere tightly to the entire metal circuit part to which adhesion has been imparted without forming voids. When there was an exposed part, it was difficult to closely adhere to the through hole part and the back part.
[0009]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In the present invention, the exposed metal portion of the printed wiring board is subjected to immersion treatment or coating treatment in a solution containing at least one adhesive compound such as a triazole derivative, imidazole derivative, or thiazole derivative. The object is to develop a high-definition solder circuit forming method for providing a high-definition solder powder pattern by imparting adhesiveness and closely adhering solder powder without forming voids.
[0010]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present invention
[1] A printed wiring board having a solder circuit in which only the metal circuit to be soldered is exposed is treated with a compound that acts on the metal and develops adhesiveness, thereby imparting adhesiveness only to the exposed portion of the metal circuit , Next, a method for forming a solder circuit board, characterized in that the solder powder is supplied onto the printed wiring board, vibrated to adhere the solder powder tightly to the exposed portion of the metal circuit , and melt the solder powder .
[2] On a vibrating floor, a printed wiring board having a solder circuit in which only the metal circuit to be soldered is exposed is treated with a compound that acts on the metal and develops adhesiveness, thereby sticking only to the exposed portion of the metal circuit. Place the printed wiring board obtained by imparting adhesiveness , supply solder powder onto the substrate while moving it, and adhere the solder powder tightly only to the exposed metal circuit areas where vibration is applied and move And forming a solder circuit board characterized by melting the solder powder ,
[3] A printed wiring board in which adhesiveness is imparted to the metal circuit exposed part by treating the metal exposed part on both sides or the through-hole part with a compound that acts on the metal and develops adhesiveness is formed on the solder powder layer. The printed wiring board is mounted on the board, and further, the solder powder is supplied onto the board, vibrated, the solder powder is closely adhered to the exposed portion of the metal circuit , and the solder powder is melted . method of forming a solder circuit board, and [4] to flow and / or given the obtained solder powder layer vibration, a printed wiring board having a solder circuit only metal circuit to be soldered is exposed, act as metal the electronic circuit board obtained by applying the adhesive only the metal circuit exposure portion by treatment with a compound that exhibits adhesiveness, by pressing on the solder powder layer, a metal round was tackified Was tightly adhered to solder powder only in the exposed portion, to achieve the above object by developing a method for forming, the solder circuit board, characterized by melting the solder powder.
[0011]
The printed wiring board which is the subject of the present invention is a plastic substrate, a plastic film substrate, a glass cloth substrate, a paper base epoxy resin substrate, a substrate in which a metal plate is laminated on a ceramic substrate or the like, or a metal substrate covered with plastic or ceramics. The present invention can be applied to a single-sided printed wiring board, a double-sided printed wiring board, a multilayer printed wiring board, or a flexible printed wiring board in which a circuit is formed on the insulating substrate by an appropriate method.
[0012]
The vibration at the time of solder powder adhesion can be used with an amplitude of 0.01 mm or more and 15 mm or less, but when the substrate is moved by vibration as shown in FIG. 2, it is preferably about 1 mm or more and 10 mm or less. The frequency may be 2000 cpm or more and 5000 cpm or less, but preferably around 3000 cpmcpm. The vibration angle varies depending on the moving direction of the substrate. When the substrate moves horizontally, it is effective at 0 to 90 degrees with respect to the substrate. When the substrate is moved by vibration as shown in FIG. 2, it is preferably 30 to 60 degrees.
[0013]
On the other hand, when the substrate is pushed into the solder powder layer that flows and / or vibrates, it may be lateral vibration, but it is preferable that the solder powder flows and / or vibrates up and down. The flow may be performed simply by blowing an inert gas such as nitrogen gas, or may be performed in combination with vibration.
[0014]
In addition, even when solder is attached only by vibration, for example, an inert gas such as nitrogen is blown from the bottom of the solder powder layer so that the inert gas can reach the solder powder layer.
[0015]
When flowing with only inert gas, a large amount of gas is required, so it is necessary to consider recycling.
[0016]
In most cases, copper is mainly used as the metal forming the circuit, and the tackifying compound of the present invention (naphthotriazole derivative, benzotriazole derivative, imidazole derivative, benzimidazole derivative, mercaptobenzothiazole derivative) And most preferred metal materials for benzothiazole thio fatty acid and the like), but are not limited to these and may be other metals. In other metals, the bond with the tackifier compound tends to be weaker than copper.
[0017]
The tackifier compound used in the present invention is not limited as long as it is a compound that acts with a metal to express adhesiveness. For example, a benzotriazole derivative represented by the general formula (1),
[Chemical 1]
A naphthotriazole derivative represented by the general formula (2),
[Chemical 2]
An imidazole derivative represented by the general formula (3),
[Chemical 3]
Benzimidazole derivatives represented by the general formula (4),
[Formula 4]
A mercaptobenzothiazole derivative represented by the general formula (5),
[Chemical formula 5]
Examples thereof include benzothiazole thio fatty acid derivatives represented by general formula (6).
[Chemical 6]
[0018]
At least one of these tackifying compounds is dissolved in water and used after adjusting to acidity, preferably slightly acidity of about pH 3-5. In the treatment, when the metal of the circuit is copper, inorganic acids such as hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, nitric acid and phosphoric acid can be mentioned. As the organic acid, formic acid, acetic acid, propionic acid, malic acid, oxalic acid, malonic acid, succinic acid, tartaric acid, lactic acid and the like can be used. The concentration of the tackifying compound is not strictly limited and is suitably adjusted according to solubility and use conditions, but preferably 0.05 to 20% by weight as a whole is easy to use.
[0019]
The treatment temperature is slightly higher than room temperature, and the formation rate and generation amount of the adhesive film are better, and it varies depending on the tackifying compound concentration, the type of metal, etc., but is generally 30 ° C. to 60 ° C. A range of about is suitable. Although the immersion time is not limited, it is preferable to adjust other conditions so that the working efficiency is in the range of about 5 seconds to 5 minutes.
[0020]
The printed circuit board to be processed is covered with a resist or the like in the other metal circuit portion, and only the metal circuit in the solder circuit portion is exposed, and is processed with the solder circuit forming liquid.
[0021]
When dipped or applied in a solution containing the aforementioned tackifier compound used here, the tackifier compound adheres to the exposed metal surface and exhibits tackiness. This is washed with water and dried to obtain a printed circuit board in which the exposed metal surface has a sticky surface.
[0022]
When the printed circuit board has a single-sided metal circuit with adhesive properties, the surface is the top surface, and solder powder is supplied to this surface and vibrated to prevent the solder powder from forming voids in the adhesive part. Adhere to. If you want to do this continuously, place the board on the vibrating floor and move the floor or tilt the floor and move the board along with the solder powder by vibrating to continuously print the wiring. It is also possible to supply solder powder to the substrate tackifier and adhere it tightly by vibration.
[0023]
When an electronic circuit board is pushed into a flowing and / or vibrating solder layer, it is not significantly affected whether the tackifying surface is single-sided or double-sided, but the direction is up and down on the flowing solder powder or vibrating solder powder layer. Alternatively, it may be in the horizontal direction, but it is sufficient to make it contact uniformly.
[0024]
In addition, when the printed circuit board is provided with a metal circuit with adhesiveness on the through-hole part or on both sides, the printed circuit board is placed on the solder powder layer and vibrated while supplying the solder powder on the board. . When this is desired to be continuous, the printed wiring board is placed on the solder powder layer on the inclined floor surface. However, a method of vibrating the solder layer in an oblique direction may be used.
[0025]
In the case of a solder powder layer that flows and / or vibrates, even when a metal circuit imparted with adhesiveness is provided on a through hole or on both sides, it can be adhered without problems.
[0026]
In this way, by bringing the printed wiring board and the solder powder layer into contact with each other while vibrating, the solder powder can be adhered to the adhesive surface in a state where the powders are most closely adhered to each other.
[0027]
The solder powder is then melted and leveled to form a solder circuit. The material of the solder used at this time can be arbitrarily selected depending on the application such as eutectic, silver, bismuth.
[0028]
Hereinafter, the implementation method will be described with reference to the drawings.
In FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, reference numeral 1 denotes a printed wiring board having a through-hole portion or having adhesiveness on the metal circuit exposed portions on both sides. This is placed on the
[0029]
If such a process is performed, also in the through hole portion, as shown in FIG. 3, the copper circuits 12 on both surfaces of the insulating
[0030]
[Action]
In the case of forming an accurate fine solder circuit by applying adhesiveness to a metal exposed part forming a circuit and forming a solder powder on the exposed metal part to form a solder circuit of a printed circuit board, It is easy to form a void in the solder adhesion layer by just sprinkling, and therefore there was a risk of non-uniformity in the thickness of the solder layer even when reflowing and leveling, but using the weight of the solder powder layer, vibration adhesion is caused. Or by pushing an electronic circuit board with adhesion to the exposed part of the metal circuit into the flowing and / or vibrating solder powder layer, the solder powder was successfully adhered in the most closely contacted state. is there.
[0031]
【Example】
Example 1
In a general formula (3), a 2 wt% aqueous solution of an imidazole compound in which the alkyl group of R 4 is C 11 H 23 (undecyl group) and R 5 is a hydrogen atom is adjusted to a pH of about 4 with acetic acid, and a solder circuit A forming solution was obtained. The aqueous solution was heated to 40 ° C., and a copper foil-clad double-sided printed board with a pitch of 0.3 mm having a through-hole portion pretreated with an aqueous hydrochloric acid solution was immersed for 3 minutes to produce an adhesive material, The substrate was washed with water and dried. When a eutectic solder powder having a particle size of about 40 microns was adhered to this substrate by the method shown in FIG. 1, the solder powder could be closely adhered simultaneously on both sides. Also, the solder powder could be closely adhered to the inner wall of the through hole having a diameter of 0.3 mm as shown in FIG.
[0032]
(Example 2)
Up to the application of tackiness to the copper foil-clad double-sided printed board was carried out in the same manner as in Example 1, and a 40 micron eutectic solder powder was adhered by the method shown in FIG. The frequency at this time is 1000 cpm, the amplitude is 4 mm, and the vibration angle is 30 degrees. When the powder was adhered, the substrate moved while being adhered in the same direction as the powder, and the solder powder adhered to both sides of the substrate closely. It was also possible to adhere closely to the inner wall of the 0.3 mm through hole.
[0033]
Example 3
The pH is adjusted to about 4.5 with acetic acid in a 2 wt% aqueous solution of an imidazole compound in which the alkyl group of R 4 in the general formula (3) is a C 11 H 23 C undecyl group and R 5 is a hydrogen atom, A circuit forming solution was obtained. The aqueous solution was heated to 40 ° C., and a copper foil-clad double-sided printed board with a pitch of 0.3 mm having a through-hole portion pretreated with an aqueous hydrochloric acid solution was immersed for 3 minutes to produce an adhesive material, The substrate was washed with water and dried.
A tank containing eutectic solder powder having a particle size of about 25 microns was placed on a vibrator, and the printed circuit board was pushed into the solder powder layer vibrating at a vibration frequency of 3,000 cps and a swing width of 1 mm from the top and pulled out. However, the solder powder could be closely adhered simultaneously on both sides. Also, the solder powder adhered tightly on the inner wall of the through hole.
[0034]
【The invention's effect】
The solder circuit forming method according to the present invention is based on a completely different principle from the conventional solder circuit forming method, and the processing operation includes a predetermined tackifying compound on a printed wiring board having a metal circuit exposed portion. After dipping in or applying the liquid to the solder circuit forming liquid and imparting adhesiveness to the exposed metal circuit portion of the printed wiring board, the solder powder is adhered to the solder circuit portion, and then soldered using a reflow oven or the like. In this method, the powder is melted to form a solder circuit.
[0035]
In the present invention, in particular, after the adhesiveness is imparted to the exposed portion of the metal circuit, the solder powder is easily and reliably adhered to the adhesive portion by treating in the solder powder layer that has been flowed and / or vibrated. Can be attached most closely. As a result, it has become possible to accurately form a thin solder layer on the printed wiring board and on the inner wall of the through hole.
[0036]
In addition, with this attachment method, it is possible to attach the solder powder on both sides simultaneously, simplifying the production process, and accurately forming a thin solder layer on the inner wall of the through hole, increasing the production efficiency. be able to.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram of attaching a printed wiring board on a solder powder layer while supplying solder powder.
FIG. 2 is a conceptual diagram in which a solder powder layer is attached while moving.
FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of a through hole portion to which solder powder is adhered.
FIG. 4 is a conceptual diagram in which a solder powder layer is caused to flow and / or vibrate, and solder powder is adhered while the substrate is pushed in.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Printed
Claims (4)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP34064993A JP3838672B2 (en) | 1993-06-07 | 1993-12-08 | Method for forming solder circuit board |
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP5-163132 | 1993-06-07 | ||
JP16313293 | 1993-06-07 | ||
JP34064993A JP3838672B2 (en) | 1993-06-07 | 1993-12-08 | Method for forming solder circuit board |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JPH0774457A JPH0774457A (en) | 1995-03-17 |
JP3838672B2 true JP3838672B2 (en) | 2006-10-25 |
Family
ID=26488682
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP34064993A Expired - Lifetime JP3838672B2 (en) | 1993-06-07 | 1993-12-08 | Method for forming solder circuit board |
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JP (1) | JP3838672B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP3910878B2 (en) * | 2002-05-13 | 2007-04-25 | 新光電気工業株式会社 | Conductive powder adhesion apparatus and conductive powder adhesion method |
WO2007007865A1 (en) * | 2005-07-11 | 2007-01-18 | Showa Denko K.K. | Method for attachment of solder powder to electronic circuit board and solder-attached electronic circuit board |
JP5297083B2 (en) * | 2007-07-17 | 2013-09-25 | 新光電気工業株式会社 | Solder bump formation method |
JP5518500B2 (en) * | 2010-01-20 | 2014-06-11 | 昭和電工株式会社 | Solder powder attaching device and method for attaching solder powder to electronic circuit board |
-
1993
- 1993-12-08 JP JP34064993A patent/JP3838672B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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JPH0774457A (en) | 1995-03-17 |
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