JP3837802B2 - Fire protection device - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a fire prevention device for detecting fire early in a room and automatically extinguishing it.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In general, for indoor fire prevention, an abnormal temperature rise in the room is detected by a temperature sensor installed on the ceiling, and the sprinkler is activated to extinguish the fire. However, it takes a considerable amount of time to detect the temperature sensor. Necessary and may increase the scale of the fire. Therefore, instead of the temperature sensor, some smoke detectors have been adopted, but there is a drawback that malfunction occurs due to indoor smoking. In addition, when the sprinkler is actuated, water spraying is continued until the stop operation is performed, so that the water loss of the building becomes a problem later.
[0003]
Also, means for spraying water mist is employed instead of the sprinkler. This is optimal for fire extinguishing immediately after ignition, and is effective in combination with a smoke detector in terms of early detection, and since the amount of water is about one-tenth that of a sprinkler, Even if a malfunction of the sensor occurs, there is an advantage that the subsequent water loss can be reduced. However, if there are many flammables in the room and the fire spreads quickly, there is a possibility that the fire cannot be extinguished due to the lack of water. Also, if the flame is active, the mist rises with the updraft and the fire extinguishes. It is possible that the function may not be fulfilled satisfactorily.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The present invention has been made based on the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a fire prevention device capable of ensuring a more effective fire prevention action against combustible materials in a combination of a smoke detector and a water mist. is there.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
For this reason, in the fire protection device of the present invention, as clearly shown in the embodiment shown in the drawings, the smoke detector 2 and the water mist ejector 3 are placed on the indoor ceiling portion 1 at the installation position in consideration of the arrangement of combustible materials in the room. In addition to installing the storage unit 5 containing the fire extinguishing fall sheet 4, the control unit of the disaster prevention center 6 drives the water mist ejector 3 based on the detection of the smoke detector 2 to open the storage unit 5. The fire extinguishing falling sheet 4 is controlled to fall on a combustible material.
[0006]
In this case, the fire-extinguishing fall sheet 4 is stored in the storage unit 5 in a folded state, expanded upon dropping, and receives a turning force, and as shown by an arrow in FIG. It is characterized by falling while rotating around .
[0007]
In such a configuration, the smoke detector can detect ignition early, spray water mist, and drop the fire-extinguishing fall sheet on the combustible material to cut off the oxygen supply. Since the temperature rise can be suppressed by the mist spread on the top, fire extinguishing can be reliably achieved. In addition, after that, the damage caused by water loss can be greatly reduced as compared with the case of the sprinkler. Furthermore, by using a fire extinguishing falling sheet, it is possible to extinguish with a smaller amount of water than with a water mist alone. Accordingly, the amount of water stored in the building can be reduced, and the load on the building can be reduced.
[0008]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Embodiments of the fire protection device of the present invention will be specifically described below with reference to the drawings. As shown in FIG. 1, the basic structure of this fire protection device is an installation position that takes into account the arrangement of combustible materials in the room, and houses a smoke detector 2, a water mist ejector 3, and a fire extinguishing fall sheet 4 in the indoor ceiling 1 2, and the water mist ejector 3 is driven based on the detection of the smoke detector 2 by the control system 7 of the disaster prevention center 6, for example, a computer, as conceptually shown in FIG. 2. The storage unit 5 is opened, and the fire extinguishing falling sheet 4 is controlled to fall on the combustible material.
[0009]
Here, the reference literature about the said water mist is given.
1) “Water-based fire extinguishing equipment as an alternative fire extinguishing equipment for halon”
("Fire" VOL.45 No.6 December 1995 issue 17P-20P Journal of the Japan Society for Fire Engineering)
2) “Summary Report of International Conference on Water Mist Fire Fighting System”
("Fire" VOL.44 No.3 June 1994 issue 31P-33P Journal of the Japan Society for Fire Engineering)
[0010]
The nozzle of the water mist ejector 3 sprays water as water mist (fine water particles; particles having a particle diameter of 40 to 400 μm). When water droplet particles having a particle size larger than 400 μm are used, there is an effect that the liquid level of the combustible liquid is agitated, and it is said that it is not effective for extinguishing the combustible liquid.
Compared with general-purpose sprinklers, water mist has a small particle size and a small amount of water.
[0011]
Although described in the above-mentioned reference, the following actions are obtained by the fine water particles produced by the water mist nozzle.
(1) Cooling effect (removal of combustibility)
Mist water is fine particles and has a large total surface area, so it easily absorbs heat. Therefore, the evaporation rate is fast and heat is removed from the fire in this evaporation process. In order to stop combustion, it is said that 30 to 60% of combustion heat should be removed.
(2) Oxygen removal effect (decrease in oxygen concentration)
The water vapor expanded by evaporation pushes away the air around the fire, lowers the oxygen concentration and stops combustion.
(3) Radiation heat blocking effect (reduction of radiant heat)
Mist water absorbs the radiant heat radiated from the source of fire and prevents the surrounding combustion and the occurrence of flashover. Because it is a small particle, it effectively absorbs radiant heat.
(4) Smoke shielding and smoke extinguishing effect Smoke extinguishing effect can be obtained with fire extinguishing effect. In addition, there is a smoke-shielding action that prevents the smoke from diffusing around the spray location and the intrusion of smoke from the surroundings.
[0012]
In this case, the storage unit 5 that houses the smoke detector 2, the water mist ejector 3, and the fire-extinguishing falling sheet 4 is one set, and the required number of sets is installed in the same indoor ceiling 1. In addition, the fire-extinguishing fall sheet 4 is stored in the storage unit 5 in a folded state, is expanded when dropped, receives a turning force, and is configured to fall while rotating.
[0013]
In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3, the fire-extinguishing falling sheet 4 includes a loop-shaped joint portion 41 and a skeleton 4a composed of an arc-shaped elastic member 42 that is elastically folded. And a non-combustible sheet 4b of a desired shape attached thereto, and as shown in FIG. 4, it is folded and stored in the storage unit 5, and is placed on the open / close lid 5a of the storage unit 5. It is on.
[0014]
Further, in this embodiment, the non-combustible sheet 4b is provided with a large number of small weights 4c at the periphery thereof at a required interval, as shown in FIG. In addition, it is guided in the centrifugal direction along the radial spiral guide path 5b formed in the storage portion 5, and serves to expand the non-combustible sheet b. In addition, the water mist ejector 3 is mounted at the center of the ceiling of the storage unit 5 here.
[0015]
When firing, the smoke detector 2 detects this and transmits a signal to the control system 7 of the disaster prevention center 6. Based on this signal, the control system 7 opens the opening / closing lid 5a of the corresponding storage unit 5, supplies water from the water tank 8 to the water mist ejector 3 through the pump 9, and the water mist. The ejector 3 is actuated and sprayed.
[0016]
The fire-extinguishing fall sheet 4 lowered from the storage section 5 by opening the opening / closing lid 5a has its skeleton 4a in a wide space while the incombustible sheet 4b is expanded by the natural fall in the centrifugal direction of the weight 4c. By releasing the elastic force, the folded state is changed to the enlarged circular state of FIG. 3, and the non-combustible sheet 4b further expands accordingly. At this time, the falling sheet 4 receives the turning force obtained by releasing the elastic force of the frame 4a, and as a whole descends in a rotating state.
[0017]
As shown in FIG. 6, the fire-extinguishing falling sheet 4 falls on a combustible material that causes ignition, for example, a placing rack 10, covers this, and cuts off oxygen supply. Moreover, from above, as shown in FIG. 7, water mist can be poured and the temperature rise of the combustible material can be suppressed. In addition to the effect of removing oxygen by covering the fire source with a fire extinguishing sheet, water mist is characterized by water particles being vaporized by the heat of the fire, which acts as a barrier to cut off oxygen supply to combustibles. Yes, there is a synergistic effect with the falling sheet for fire extinguishing.
[0018]
【The invention's effect】
The present invention has been described in detail above, and at the installation position considering the arrangement of combustible materials in the room, a smoke detector, a water mist ejector, and a storage unit containing a fire-extinguishing fall sheet are installed on the indoor ceiling. The control system of the disaster prevention center controls the water mist ejector based on the detection of the smoke detector to open the storage portion so that the fire extinguishing falling sheet falls onto the combustible material. Therefore, the effect which can ensure the reliable fireproof action with respect to a combustible material in the early stage where a fire does not spread is acquired.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a plan layout view of a fire prevention device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is also a conceptual configuration diagram of the system.
FIG. 3 is a plan view showing the framework of a fire-extinguishing drop sheet.
FIG. 4 is an enlarged vertical sectional view of the storage unit.
FIG. 5 is a plan view showing a guide path provided in the storage unit.
FIG. 6 is a schematic side view showing a state where the falling sheet covers the combustible material.
FIG. 7 is a schematic side view of the spray state in the same manner.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Ceiling part 2 Smoke detector 3 Water mist ejector 4 Falling sheet for fire extinguishing 4a Frame 41 Joint part 42 Elastic member 4b Nonflammable sheet 4c Weight 5 Storage part 5a Opening / closing lid 5b Guide path 6 Disaster prevention center 7 Control system 8 Water tank 9 Pump 10 Placement

Claims (1)

Installed a storage unit containing smoke detectors, water mist ejectors, and fire extinguishing sheets on the indoor ceiling at an installation location that takes into account the placement of combustible materials in the room. Based on the sensing, the water mist ejector is driven, the storage portion is opened, and the fire extinguishing falling sheet is controlled to fall on the combustible material,
The fire-extinguishing falling sheet is stored in the storage unit in a folded state, expanded upon dropping, and configured to receive a turning force and fall while rotating around a vertical axis. Features a fire protection device.

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