JP3832962B2 - Universal joint slidable in the axial direction - Google Patents

Universal joint slidable in the axial direction Download PDF

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Publication number
JP3832962B2
JP3832962B2 JP07151498A JP7151498A JP3832962B2 JP 3832962 B2 JP3832962 B2 JP 3832962B2 JP 07151498 A JP07151498 A JP 07151498A JP 7151498 A JP7151498 A JP 7151498A JP 3832962 B2 JP3832962 B2 JP 3832962B2
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Japan
Prior art keywords
universal joint
outer member
contact portion
axial direction
shaft
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Expired - Fee Related
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JP07151498A
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Japanese (ja)
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JPH11247879A (en
Inventor
昌夫 岸
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Hitachi Ltd
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Hitachi Ltd
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D3/00—Yielding couplings, i.e. with means permitting movement between the connected parts during the drive
    • F16D3/16—Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts
    • F16D3/20—Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts one coupling part entering a sleeve of the other coupling part and connected thereto by sliding or rolling members
    • F16D3/22—Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts one coupling part entering a sleeve of the other coupling part and connected thereto by sliding or rolling members the rolling members being balls, rollers, or the like, guided in grooves or sockets in both coupling parts
    • F16D3/223—Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts one coupling part entering a sleeve of the other coupling part and connected thereto by sliding or rolling members the rolling members being balls, rollers, or the like, guided in grooves or sockets in both coupling parts the rolling members being guided in grooves in both coupling parts
    • F16D3/226—Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts one coupling part entering a sleeve of the other coupling part and connected thereto by sliding or rolling members the rolling members being balls, rollers, or the like, guided in grooves or sockets in both coupling parts the rolling members being guided in grooves in both coupling parts the groove centre-lines in each coupling part lying on a cylinder co-axial with the respective coupling part
    • F16D3/227—Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts one coupling part entering a sleeve of the other coupling part and connected thereto by sliding or rolling members the rolling members being balls, rollers, or the like, guided in grooves or sockets in both coupling parts the rolling members being guided in grooves in both coupling parts the groove centre-lines in each coupling part lying on a cylinder co-axial with the respective coupling part the joints being telescopic
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D3/00—Yielding couplings, i.e. with means permitting movement between the connected parts during the drive
    • F16D3/16—Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts
    • F16D3/20—Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts one coupling part entering a sleeve of the other coupling part and connected thereto by sliding or rolling members
    • F16D3/22—Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts one coupling part entering a sleeve of the other coupling part and connected thereto by sliding or rolling members the rolling members being balls, rollers, or the like, guided in grooves or sockets in both coupling parts
    • F16D3/223—Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts one coupling part entering a sleeve of the other coupling part and connected thereto by sliding or rolling members the rolling members being balls, rollers, or the like, guided in grooves or sockets in both coupling parts the rolling members being guided in grooves in both coupling parts
    • F16D2003/22313—Details of the inner part of the core or means for attachment of the core on the shaft
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D3/00—Yielding couplings, i.e. with means permitting movement between the connected parts during the drive
    • F16D3/16—Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts
    • F16D3/20—Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts one coupling part entering a sleeve of the other coupling part and connected thereto by sliding or rolling members
    • F16D3/22—Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts one coupling part entering a sleeve of the other coupling part and connected thereto by sliding or rolling members the rolling members being balls, rollers, or the like, guided in grooves or sockets in both coupling parts
    • F16D3/223—Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts one coupling part entering a sleeve of the other coupling part and connected thereto by sliding or rolling members the rolling members being balls, rollers, or the like, guided in grooves or sockets in both coupling parts the rolling members being guided in grooves in both coupling parts
    • F16D2003/2232—Elements arranged in the hollow space between the end of the inner shaft and the outer joint member

Description

【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、自動車の推進軸や操向コラム等に使用可能な、軸方向に摺動可能な自在継手に関する。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
この種の自在継手は、例えば、特開平６−１０９５７号公報の図７乃至図１０に示されるように、入力軸に取付けられる外側部材と、この外側部材の内部に配置され、出力軸に取付けられる内側部材と、これら外側部材または内側部材にいずれか一方または両方に、軸方向に形成された案内溝と、この案内溝内に配置され、外側部材と内側部材との間を連繋する球状部材とを備えている。
【０００３】
前記自在継手は、球状部材が案内溝内で転動することによって、軸方向に摺動可能であると共に、屈曲可能である。つまり、前記自在継手の摺動及び屈曲は、案内溝の範囲内で行われる。
【０００４】
ところで、実開平３−１１２４２７号公報には、前記自在継手が連繋する入力軸と出力軸との間に軸方向の衝撃荷重が入力された場合に、自在継手を軸方向に摺動させると共に屈曲させて、入力軸と出力軸との間の軸方向寸法を実質的に短縮化することによって衝撃荷重を吸収することが提案されている。
【０００５】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかしながら、前記自在継手を摺動及び屈曲させて衝撃荷重を吸収しようとする場合、自在継手には過大な力が入力され、許容範囲以上の、つまり案内溝の範囲を超えて軸方向の摺動が求められる場合がある。
【０００６】
この場合、前記自在継手を許容範囲以上に軸方向に摺動させようとすると、球状部材が案内溝の終端に乗り上げてしまい、屈曲できなくなる虞がある。このことは、前記自在継手が屈曲できなくなると、自在継手の屈曲による入力部材と出力部材との間の実質的な寸法の短縮ができなくなるから、その結果、衝撃荷重の吸収に対して、所期する性能が得られないことになる。
【０００７】
本発明は前記従来の実情に鑑みて案出されたもので、軸方向に過大な力が入力されても屈曲することが可能な、軸方向に摺動可能な自在継手を提供することを目的とする。
【０００８】
【課題を解決するための手段】
そこで、請求項１記載の発明は、入力軸と出力軸との間を連繋する、軸方向に摺動可能な自在継手において、前記入力軸または出力軸の何れか一方の軸に取付けられる外側部材と、この外側部材の内部に配置され、入力軸または出力軸の何れか他方の軸に取付けられる内側部材と、前記外側部材または内側部材の何れか一方または両方に、軸方向に形成された案内溝と、この案内溝内に配置され、前記外側部材と内側部材との間を連繋する球状部材と、前記外側部材の内部において、この外側部材またはこの外側部材が取付けられる軸に形成された第１当接部と、前記内側部材またはこの内側部材が取付けられる軸に形成され、前記第１当接部に当接可能な第２当接部とを備えてなる軸方向に摺動可能な自在継手であって、前記第１当接部と第２当接部との少なくとも一方には金属材料または硬質合成樹脂材料からなる半球状の外周面が形成されてなり、この半球状の外周面によって、第１当接部と第２当接部とが点接触可能であること特徴とする。
【００１０】
また、請求項２記載の発明は、請求項１記載の発明の構成のうち、前記第１当接部が、前記外側部材の底部に設けられた当接体である構成にしてある。
【００１１】
また、請求項３記載の発明は、請求項１記載の発明の構成のうち、前記第１当接部が、前記外側部材が取付けられる軸の先端に取付けたナットに形成されている構成にしてある。
【００１２】
また、請求項４記載の発明は、請求項１記載の発明の構成のうち、前記第１当接部が、外側部材が取付けられる軸の先端に形成されている構成にしてある。
【００１３】
また、請求項５記載の発明は、請求項１記載の発明の構成のうち、前記外側部材が、この外側部材が取付けられる入力軸または出力軸の何れか一方の軸に一体に形成されている構成にしてある。
【００１４】
ここで、軸方向に摺動可能な自在継手は、前記球状部材がボールであるダブルオフセット型自在継手や、球状部材がローラである摺動式トリポード型自在継手等の、各種形式の軸方向に摺動可能な自在継手が含まれる。
【００１５】
斯かる構成において、前記自在継手は、入力軸が駆動装置に連結され、出力軸が被駆動装置に連結されて動力伝達に使用される。
【００１６】
即ち、前記駆動装置から入力軸に入力された回転駆動力は、自在継手を介して出力軸に伝達され、この出力軸に連結された被駆動装置に伝達される。
【００１７】
このとき、前記自在継手は、入力軸と出力軸との間に交差角が生じた場合には屈曲し、球状部材が入力軸と出力軸との交差角の２等分線上に移動して、入力軸と出力軸との間の等速性を保ちつつ動力伝達を司る。また、前記入力軸と出力軸とに軸方向の力が作用した場合には、球状部材が案内溝内を軸方向に移動することによって、案内溝の軸方向長さを超えない所定の範囲内において、入力軸と出力軸の軸方向に伸縮可能である。
【００１８】
また、前記自在継手に軸方向の過大な力が入力されたとき、第１当接部と第２当接部とが相互に当接する。
【００１９】
このとき、前記球状部材は案内溝内にあり、この案内溝内で転動可能である。このため、前記自在継手は、第１当接部と第２当接部とが当接した状態で屈曲可能である。
【００２０】
前記第１当接部と第２当接部とが相互に当接した状態では、これらが当接しない場合に比較して自在継手の屈曲抵抗は大きくなるけれども、第１当接部と第２当接部とが当接するのは自在継手に通常よりも過大な力が入力された場合であるから、この力によって自在継手は容易に屈曲可能である。
【００２１】
したがって、軸方向に過大な力が入力されても屈曲することが可能な、軸方向に摺動可能な自在継手が得られる。
【００２２】
また、前記第１当接部と第２当接部とが点接触するから、自在継手の屈曲動作が滑らかになる。
【００２３】
また、請求項２記載の発明によれば、前記第１当接部が、外側部材の底部に設けた当接体によって構成されていることから、この当接体の材料を任意に選定可能である。
【００２４】
また、請求項３記載の発明によれば、前記第１当接部が、外側部材が取付けられる軸の先端に取付けたナットに形成されていることから、部品点数の増加を防止することができる。
【００２５】
また、請求項４記載の発明によれば、前記第１当接部が、外側部材が取付けられる軸の先端に形成されていることから、部品点数の増加を防止することができる。
【００２６】
また、請求項５記載の発明によれば、前記外側部材が、この外側部材が取付けられる入力軸または出力軸の何れか一方の軸に一体に形成されていることから、部品点数の増加を防止することができる。
【００２７】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明の実施の形態を、ダブルオフセット型自在継手に適用した態様として、図面に基づいて詳述する。
【００２８】
図１は本発明の実施の形態を示す、軸方向に摺動可能な自在継手の断面図、図２は第１当接部と第２当接部とが当接して、自在継手が屈曲した状態を説明する断面図である。
【００２９】
図において１は入力軸、２は出力軸、３は入力軸１と出力軸２との間を連繋する自在継手である。
【００３０】
４は前記自在継手３の外側部材で、この外側部材４は入力軸１または出力軸２の何れか一方、この実施の形態においては入力軸１に取付けられている。即ち、前記外側部材４は略カップ状に形成され、その底部５がスプライン継手６を介して入力部材１に取付けられている。具体的には前記入力軸１の端部１Ａに軸スプライン６ａが形成され、外側部材４の底部５に孔スプライン６ａが形成されて、相互に圧入固定されている。また、前記入力軸１の先端にねじ７を形成して、このねじ７にワッシャ８を介してナット９を螺合固定することによって取付けられている。
【００３１】
１０は前記外側部材４の内周側に形成されたボール溝（案内溝）である。前記ボール溝１０は外側部材４の軸方向に複数本、円周方向等間隔に配置して形成されている。また、前記ボール溝１０は外側部材４の開口端側から底部５側に向かって所定の長さに亘って形成してある。なお、前記ボール溝１０内には後述するボール（球状部材）が配置される。
【００３２】
１１は前記外側部材４の内部に配置された内側部材で、この内側部材１１は入力軸１または出力軸２の何れか一方、この実施の形態においては、出力軸２に取付けられている。即ち、前記内側部材１１は外周側に球状面を有する略筒状に形成されており、その内周側が出力軸２の端部（図１において左側の端部）２Ａにスプライン継手１２を介して取付けられている。具体的には、前記出力軸２の端部２Ａに軸スプライン１２ａが形成され、内側部材１１に孔スプライン１２ｂが形成されて、相互に圧入固定されている。また、前記内側部材１１はスナップリング１３によって、その抜脱が防止してある。
【００３３】
１４は前記内側部材１１の外周側に形成されたボール溝（案内溝）である。前記ボール溝１４は内側部材１１の軸方向に複数本、円周方向等間隔に配置して形成されている。前記ボール溝１４の数はボール溝１０の数と同数で、互いに対をなすように形成してある。また、前記ボール溝１４は内側部材１４の全長に亘って形成してある。なお、前記ボール溝１４内には、外側部材４のボール溝１０内と同様に、後述するボール（球状部材）が配置される。
【００３４】
１５は前記ボール溝１０、１４内に配置された複数のボール（球状部材）である。前記複数のボール１５は、ケージ１６によって同一平面状に整列保持された状態でそれぞれ対をなすボール溝１０、１４内に配置され、外側部材４と内側部材１１との間を連繋している。
【００３５】
２１は第１当接部としての当接体である。前記当接体２１は、外側部材４の内部において、この外側部材４またはこの外側部材４が取付けられる入力軸１に取付け可能であり、この実施の形態においては、外側部材４の底部５に取付けられている。
【００３６】
前記当接体２１は、金属材料または硬質合成樹脂材料から全体として皿状に形成されると共に、半球状の外周面２２が形成されてなり、ナット９を覆って、半球状の外周面２２が外側部材４の内部に向かって突出するように取付けられている。
【００３７】
２３は第２当接部である。前記第２当接部２３は、内側部材１１またはこの内側部材１１が取付けられる出力軸２に形成可能で、この実施の形態においては、出力部材２の先端に形成されている。
【００３８】
前記第２当接部２３には半球状の外周面２４が形成されてなり、この半球状の外周面２４が外側部材４に取付けた当接体２１に向かって突出している。
【００３９】
２５は前記外側部材４の開口端に取付けられた止め輪で、この止め輪２５はケージ１６に保持されたボール１５がボール溝１０内から抜脱するのを防止している。
【００４０】
３０は前記自在継手３の封止を司る封止部材である。前記封止部材３０は金属材料からなる略筒状のブーツアダプタ３１と、このブーツアダプタ３１に一端が取付けられた、ゴム材料や合成樹脂材料からなる可撓性のブーツ３２とからなり、ブーツアダプタ３１が自在継手３の外側部材４に取付けられ、ブーツ３２の他端が出力軸２の外周に取付けバンド３３によって取付けられている。
【００４１】
３４は動力伝達を司るチューブで、このチューブ３４は金属材料や繊維強化合成樹脂材料等からなり、出力軸２２の端部（図１において右側の端部２Ｂ）に取付けられている。詳しくは、前記出力軸２の右側の端部２Ｂの外周が所定の長さに亘ってチューブ３４の略肉厚寸法だけ縮径されており、チューブ３４は、出力軸２の端部２Ｂの縮径された外周部分に圧入され、かつ溶接や接着によって取付けられている。
【００４２】
斯かる構成において、前記自在継手３は、入力軸１が図外の駆動装置に連結され、出力軸２がチューブ４を介して図外の被駆動装置に連結されて動力伝達に使用される。
【００４３】
即ち、前記図外の駆動装置から入力軸１に入力された回転駆動力は、自在継手３を介して出力軸２及びチューブ３４に伝達され、このチューブ３４に連結された図外の被駆動装置に伝達される。
【００４４】
このとき、前記自在継手３は、入力軸１と出力軸２との間に交差角が生じた場合には屈曲し、ボール１５がケージ１６に保持された状態で入力軸１と出力軸２との交差角の２等分線上に移動して、入力軸１と出力軸２との間の等速性を保ちつつ動力伝達を司る。また、前記入力軸１と出力軸２とに軸方向の力が作用した場合には、ボール１５が外側部材４のボール溝１０内を軸方向に移動することによって、ボール溝１０の軸方向長さを超えない所定の範囲内において、入力軸１と出力軸２の軸方向に伸縮可能である。
【００４５】
また、前記自在継手３に軸方向の過大な力が入力されたとき、第１当接部としての当接体２１と第２当接部２３とが相互に当接する。
【００４６】
このとき、前記ボール１５は対をなすボール溝１０、１４内にあり、このボール溝１０、１４内で転動可能である。このため、前記自在継手３は、当接体２１と第２当接部２３とが当接した状態で屈曲可能である（図２参照）。
【００４７】
前記第１当接部としての当接体２１と第２当接部２３とが相互に当接した状態では、これらが当接しない場合に比較して自在継手３の屈曲抵抗は大きくなるけれども、当接体２１と第２当接部２３とが当接するのは自在継手３に通常よりも過大な力が入力された場合であるから、この力によって自在継手３は容易に屈曲可能である。
【００４８】
したがって、軸方向に過大な力が入力されても屈曲することが可能な、軸方向に摺動可能な自在継手３が得られる。
【００４９】
また、前記当接体２１及び第２当接部２３には半球状の外周面２２及び外周面２４が形成され、当接体２１と第２当接部２３とが点接触するから、自在継手３の屈曲動作が滑らかになる。
【００５０】
また、前記当接体２１は外側部材４の底部５に別体として設けられているから、当接体２１の材料を任意に選定可能である。
【００５１】
図３は本発明の別の実施の形態を示す図面で、この実施の形態が変わるところは、前記第１当接部が、外側部材４が取付けられる入力軸１の先端に取付けたナット９に形成されている点である。
【００５２】
即ち、前記ナット９が袋状とされ、先端側に第１当接部２１が形成されており、半球状の外周面２２が形成されている。
【００５３】
なお、その他の構成については前記実施の形態と同様であるから、同一構成部分には同一符号を付し、その重複する説明を省略する。
【００５４】
斯かる構成によれば、前記自在継手３に軸方向の過大な力が入力されたとき、ナット９の先端側の第１当接部２１と第２当接部２３とが相互に当接する。
【００５５】
このとき、前記ボール１５は対をなすボール溝１０、１４内にあり、このボール溝１０、１４内で転動可能である。このため、前記自在継手３は、第１当接部２１と第２当接部２３とが当接した状態で屈曲可能となり、前記実施の形態と同様の作用、効果が得られる。
【００５６】
したがって、軸方向に過大な力が入力されても屈曲することが可能な、軸方向に摺動可能な自在継手３が得られる。
【００５７】
また、前記ナット９の先端に第１当接部２１を形成したから、部品点数の増加を防止することができる。
【００５８】
図４は本発明の別の実施の形態を示す図面で、この実施の形態が変わるところは、前記第１当接部が、外側部材４が取付けられる入力軸１の先端に形成されている点である。
【００５９】
即ち、前記入力軸１の先端が外側部材４の内部に向かって延長され、この入力軸１の先端側に第１当接部２１が形成されており、半球状の外周面２２が形成されている。
【００６０】
なお、その他の構成については前記実施の形態と同様であるから、同一構成部分には同一符号を付し、その重複する説明を省略する。
【００６１】
斯かる構成によれば、前記自在継手３に軸方向の過大な力が入力されたとき、入力軸１の先端側の第１当接部２１と第２当接部２３とが相互に当接する。
【００６２】
このとき、前記ボール１５は対をなすボール溝１０、１４内にあり、このボール溝１０、１４内で転動可能である。このため、前記自在継手３は、第１当接部２１と第２当接部２３とが当接した状態で屈曲可能となり、前記実施の形態と同様の作用、効果が得られる。
【００６３】
したがって、軸方向に過大な力が入力されても屈曲することが可能な、軸方向に摺動可能な自在継手３が得られる。
【００６４】
また、前記入力軸１の先端に第１当接部２１を形成したから、部品点数の増加を防止することができる。
【００６５】
図５は本発明の別の実施の形態を示す図面で、この実施の形態が変わるところは、前記外側部材４が、この外側部材４が取付けられる入力軸１と一体に形成されている点である。
【００６６】
即ち、前記外側部材４が入力部材１と一体に形成され、ワッシャ、ナットが廃止されている。また、図１に示す実施の形態と同様に、前記第１当接部としての当接体２１が外側部材４の底部に取付けられている。
【００６７】
なお、その他の構成については前記実施の形態と同様であるから、同一構成部分には同一符号を付し、その重複する説明を省略する。
【００６８】
斯かる構成によれば、前記自在継手３に軸方向の過大な力が入力されたとき、外側部材４の底部に配置した当接体（第１当接部）２１と第２当接部２３とが相互に当接する。
【００６９】
このとき、前記ボール１５は対をなすボール溝１０、１４内にあり、このボール溝１０、１４内で転動可能である。このため、前記自在継手３は、当接体２１と第２当接部２３とが当接した状態で屈曲可能となり、前記実施の形態と同様の作用、効果が得られる。
【００７０】
したがって、軸方向に過大な力が入力されても屈曲することが可能な、軸方向に摺動可能な自在継手３が得られる。
【００７１】
また、前記入力軸１と外側部材４とが一体に形成されているから、部品点数の増加を防止することができる。
【００７２】
以上、実施の形態を図面に基づいて説明したが、具体的構成はこの実施の形態に限られるものではなく、発明の要旨を逸脱しない範囲で変更可能である。例えば、前記第１当接部２１及び第２当接部２３に表面処理を施すことは任意に可能である。また、前記第２当接部２３を内側部材に形成する構成としてもよいものである。
【００７３】
【発明の効果】
以上、詳細に説明したように、本発明によれば、軸方向に過大な力が入力されても屈曲することが可能な、軸方向に摺動可能な自在継手が得られる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】本発明の実施の形態を示す軸方向に摺動可能な自在継手の断面図である。
【図２】第１当接部と第２当接部とが当接して、自在継手が屈曲した状態を説明する断面図である。
【図３】本発明の別の実施の形態を示す自在継手の断面図である。
【図４】本発明の別の実施の形態を示す自在継手の断面図である。
【図５】本発明の別の実施の形態を示す自在継手の断面図である。
【符号の説明】
１ 入力軸
２ 出力軸
３ 自在継手
４ 外側部材
１０ ボール溝（案内溝）
１１ 内側部材
１４ ボール溝（案内溝）
１５ ボール（球状部材）
２１ 当接体（第１当接部）
２３ 第２当接部[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an axially slidable universal joint that can be used for a propulsion shaft or a steering column of an automobile.
[0002]
[Prior art]
This type of universal joint is, for example, as shown in FIGS. 7 to 10 of Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 6-10957, and is provided with an outer member attached to the input shaft, and is disposed inside the outer member and attached to the output shaft. An inner member to be formed, a guide groove formed in an axial direction on one or both of the outer member or the inner member, and a spherical member disposed in the guide groove and connecting the outer member and the inner member And.
[0003]
The universal joint is slidable in the axial direction and bendable when the spherical member rolls in the guide groove. That is, the universal joint slides and bends within the guide groove.
[0004]
Incidentally, Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 3-112427 discloses that when an axial impact load is input between an input shaft and an output shaft connected to the universal joint, the universal joint is slid and bent in the axial direction. Thus, it has been proposed to absorb impact loads by substantially shortening the axial dimension between the input shaft and the output shaft.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, when trying to absorb the impact load by sliding and bending the universal joint, an excessive force is input to the universal joint, and the axial sliding exceeds the allowable range, that is, beyond the guide groove range. May be required.
[0006]
In this case, if the universal joint is slid in the axial direction beyond the allowable range, the spherical member rides on the terminal end of the guide groove and may not be bent. This is because, if the universal joint cannot be bent, the substantial dimension between the input member and the output member cannot be shortened by bending the universal joint. The expected performance will not be obtained.
[0007]
The present invention has been devised in view of the above-described conventional circumstances, and an object thereof is to provide an axially slidable universal joint that can be bent even if an excessive force is input in the axial direction. And
[0008]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
Accordingly, the invention according to claim 1 is an outer member attached to either the input shaft or the output shaft in a universally slidable universal joint that links the input shaft and the output shaft. An inner member disposed inside the outer member and attached to either the input shaft or the output shaft, and a guide formed in the axial direction on either or both of the outer member and the inner member. a groove, is disposed in the guide groove, and the spherical member for interlocking between said outer member and the inner member, inside of the outer member, first the outer member or the outer member is formed on a shaft mounted Freely slidable in the axial direction comprising one abutting portion and a second abutting portion formed on the inner member or a shaft to which the inner member is attached and capable of abutting on the first abutting portion. A joint comprising: the first contact portion; A hemispherical outer peripheral surface made of a metal material or a hard synthetic resin material is formed on at least one of the two abutting portions, and the first abutting portion and the second abutting portion are formed by the hemispherical outer peripheral surface. Is point-contactable .
[0010]
Further, an invention according to claim 2, wherein, among the configuration of the invention recited in claim 1, wherein the first contact portion, are a configuration wherein a contact member provided on the bottom of the outer member.
[0011]
According to a third aspect of the invention, in the configuration of the first aspect of the invention, the first contact portion is formed on a nut attached to a tip of a shaft to which the outer member is attached. is there.
[0012]
According to a fourth aspect of the invention, in the configuration of the first aspect of the invention, the first contact portion is formed at the tip of a shaft to which the outer member is attached.
[0013]
According to a fifth aspect of the invention, in the configuration of the first aspect of the invention, the outer member is integrally formed with either the input shaft or the output shaft to which the outer member is attached. It is configured.
[0014]
Here, the universal joint slidable in the axial direction includes various types of axial directions such as a double offset type universal joint in which the spherical member is a ball and a sliding tripod type universal joint in which the spherical member is a roller. A slidable universal joint is included.
[0015]
In such a configuration, the universal joint is used for power transmission with the input shaft connected to the drive device and the output shaft connected to the driven device.
[0016]
That is, the rotational driving force input to the input shaft from the driving device is transmitted to the output shaft through the universal joint, and is transmitted to the driven device connected to the output shaft.
[0017]
At this time, the universal joint bends when a crossing angle occurs between the input shaft and the output shaft, and the spherical member moves on a bisector of the crossing angle between the input shaft and the output shaft, Controls power transmission while maintaining constant velocity between the input shaft and the output shaft. Further, when an axial force acts on the input shaft and the output shaft, the spherical member moves in the axial direction in the guide groove, so that the axial length of the guide groove is not exceeded. In FIG. 3, the axial direction of the input shaft and the output shaft can be expanded and contracted.
[0018]
Further, when an excessive axial force is input to the universal joint, the first contact portion and the second contact portion contact each other.
[0019]
At this time, the spherical member is in the guide groove and can roll in the guide groove. For this reason, the said universal joint can be bent in the state which the 1st contact part and the 2nd contact part contact | abutted.
[0020]
In the state in which the first contact portion and the second contact portion are in contact with each other, the bending resistance of the universal joint is larger than that in the case where they are not in contact with each other. Since the contact with the contact portion is a case where an excessive force is input to the universal joint, the universal joint can be easily bent by this force.
[0021]
Therefore, a universal joint that can be bent even if an excessive force is input in the axial direction and that can be bent is obtained.
[0022]
The front Symbol a first contact portion and second contact portion from point contact, bending operation of the universal joint is smooth.
[0023]
According to the invention of claim 2, wherein said first abutting portion, since it is constituted by the contact body provided on a bottom portion of the outer member, the material of the abutting member can be arbitrarily selected is there.
[0024]
Further, according to the invention of claim 3, wherein said first abutting portion, since it is formed into a nut attached to the end of the shaft which the outer member is attached, it is possible to prevent an increase in the number of components .
[0025]
Further, according to the invention of claim 4, wherein said first contact portion, because it is formed on the distal end of the shaft which the outer member is attached, it is possible to prevent an increase in the number of components.
[0026]
Further, prevention according to the invention of claim 5, wherein said outer member, since they are formed integrally with one of the axes of the input shaft or output shaft the outer member is attached, the increase in the number of parts can do.
[0027]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings as an aspect applied to a double offset universal joint.
[0028]
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of an axially slidable universal joint showing an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a diagram in which the first abutting portion and the second abutting portion are in contact with each other and the universal joint is bent. It is sectional drawing explaining a state.
[0029]
In the figure, 1 is an input shaft, 2 is an output shaft, and 3 is a universal joint that connects the input shaft 1 and the output shaft 2.
[0030]
Reference numeral 4 denotes an outer member of the universal joint 3, and the outer member 4 is attached to either the input shaft 1 or the output shaft 2, which is the input shaft 1 in this embodiment. That is, the outer member 4 is formed in a substantially cup shape, and its bottom 5 is attached to the input member 1 via the spline joint 6. Specifically, a shaft spline 6a is formed at the end 1A of the input shaft 1, and a hole spline 6a is formed at the bottom 5 of the outer member 4, and they are press-fitted together. A screw 7 is formed at the tip of the input shaft 1, and a nut 9 is screwed and fixed to the screw 7 via a washer 8.
[0031]
Reference numeral 10 denotes a ball groove (guide groove) formed on the inner peripheral side of the outer member 4. A plurality of the ball grooves 10 are formed in the axial direction of the outer member 4 and are arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction. The ball groove 10 is formed over a predetermined length from the opening end side of the outer member 4 toward the bottom portion 5 side. A ball (spherical member) described later is disposed in the ball groove 10.
[0032]
Reference numeral 11 denotes an inner member disposed inside the outer member 4, and the inner member 11 is attached to either the input shaft 1 or the output shaft 2, which is the output shaft 2 in this embodiment. That is, the inner member 11 is formed in a substantially cylindrical shape having a spherical surface on the outer peripheral side, and the inner peripheral side thereof is connected to the end portion (left end portion in FIG. 1) 2A of the output shaft 2 via the spline joint 12. Installed. Specifically, a shaft spline 12a is formed at the end 2A of the output shaft 2, and a hole spline 12b is formed in the inner member 11, and they are press-fitted and fixed to each other. The inner member 11 is prevented from being pulled out by a snap ring 13.
[0033]
Reference numeral 14 denotes a ball groove (guide groove) formed on the outer peripheral side of the inner member 11. A plurality of the ball grooves 14 are formed in the axial direction of the inner member 11 and arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction. The number of the ball grooves 14 is the same as the number of the ball grooves 10 and is formed to be paired with each other. The ball groove 14 is formed over the entire length of the inner member 14. A ball (spherical member) to be described later is disposed in the ball groove 14 as in the ball groove 10 of the outer member 4.
[0034]
A plurality of balls (spherical members) 15 are disposed in the ball grooves 10 and 14. The plurality of balls 15 are arranged in the paired ball grooves 10 and 14 while being aligned and held in the same plane by the cage 16, and connect the outer member 4 and the inner member 11.
[0035]
Reference numeral 21 denotes a contact body as a first contact portion. The abutting body 21 can be attached to the outer member 4 or the input shaft 1 to which the outer member 4 is attached inside the outer member 4. In this embodiment, the abutting body 21 is attached to the bottom 5 of the outer member 4. It has been.
[0036]
The abutment body 21 is formed in a plate shape as a whole from a metal material or a hard synthetic resin material, and a hemispherical outer peripheral surface 22 is formed. The hemispherical outer peripheral surface 22 covers the nut 9. It is attached so as to protrude toward the inside of the outer member 4.
[0037]
Reference numeral 23 denotes a second contact portion. The second contact portion 23 can be formed on the inner member 11 or the output shaft 2 to which the inner member 11 is attached. In the present embodiment, the second contact portion 23 is formed at the tip of the output member 2.
[0038]
The second contact portion 23 is formed with a hemispherical outer peripheral surface 24, and the hemispherical outer peripheral surface 24 protrudes toward the contact body 21 attached to the outer member 4.
[0039]
A retaining ring 25 is attached to the open end of the outer member 4. The retaining ring 25 prevents the ball 15 held in the cage 16 from being pulled out of the ball groove 10.
[0040]
Reference numeral 30 denotes a sealing member that controls sealing of the universal joint 3. The sealing member 30 includes a substantially cylindrical boot adapter 31 made of a metal material, and a flexible boot 32 made of a rubber material or a synthetic resin material, one end of which is attached to the boot adapter 31. 31 is attached to the outer member 4 of the universal joint 3, and the other end of the boot 32 is attached to the outer periphery of the output shaft 2 by an attachment band 33.
[0041]
Reference numeral 34 denotes a tube that controls power transmission. The tube 34 is made of a metal material, a fiber-reinforced synthetic resin material, or the like, and is attached to an end of the output shaft 22 (right end 2B in FIG. 1). Specifically, the outer periphery of the right end 2B of the output shaft 2 is reduced in diameter by the substantially wall thickness of the tube 34 over a predetermined length, and the tube 34 is contracted by the end 2B of the output shaft 2. It is press-fitted into the diameter outer peripheral part and attached by welding or adhesion.
[0042]
In such a configuration, the universal joint 3 is used for power transmission with the input shaft 1 connected to a driving device (not shown) and the output shaft 2 connected to a driven device (not shown) via a tube 4.
[0043]
That is, the rotational driving force input to the input shaft 1 from the driving device (not shown) is transmitted to the output shaft 2 and the tube 34 via the universal joint 3, and the driven device (not shown) connected to the tube 34. Is transmitted to.
[0044]
At this time, the universal joint 3 is bent when a crossing angle occurs between the input shaft 1 and the output shaft 2, and the input shaft 1, the output shaft 2, and the ball 15 are held in the cage 16. It moves on the bisector of the crossing angle, and manages power transmission while maintaining the constant velocity between the input shaft 1 and the output shaft 2. Further, when an axial force acts on the input shaft 1 and the output shaft 2, the ball 15 moves in the ball groove 10 of the outer member 4 in the axial direction, so that the axial length of the ball groove 10 is increased. Within a predetermined range not exceeding this length, the input shaft 1 and the output shaft 2 can be expanded and contracted in the axial direction.
[0045]
When an excessive axial force is input to the universal joint 3, the contact body 21 as the first contact portion and the second contact portion 23 come into contact with each other.
[0046]
At this time, the ball 15 is in the paired ball grooves 10 and 14 and can roll in the ball grooves 10 and 14. Therefore, the universal joint 3 can be bent with the contact body 21 and the second contact portion 23 in contact with each other (see FIG. 2).
[0047]
In the state in which the contact body 21 and the second contact portion 23 as the first contact portion are in contact with each other, the bending resistance of the universal joint 3 is larger than in the case where they do not contact, The contact body 21 and the second contact portion 23 come into contact with each other when a force larger than usual is input to the universal joint 3, so that the universal joint 3 can be easily bent by this force.
[0048]
Therefore, the universal joint 3 that can be bent even if an excessive force is input in the axial direction and that can be bent is obtained.
[0049]
The contact body 21 and the second contact portion 23 are formed with a hemispherical outer peripheral surface 22 and an outer peripheral surface 24, and the contact body 21 and the second contact portion 23 are in point contact. 3 bending operation becomes smooth.
[0050]
Further, since the contact body 21 is provided as a separate body on the bottom portion 5 of the outer member 4, the material of the contact body 21 can be arbitrarily selected.
[0051]
FIG. 3 is a drawing showing another embodiment of the present invention. This embodiment is different in that the first contact portion is attached to a nut 9 attached to the tip of the input shaft 1 to which the outer member 4 is attached. It is a point that is formed.
[0052]
That is, the nut 9 has a bag shape, the first contact portion 21 is formed on the tip side, and the hemispherical outer peripheral surface 22 is formed.
[0053]
Since other configurations are the same as those in the above-described embodiment, the same components are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant description thereof is omitted.
[0054]
According to such a configuration, when an excessive axial force is input to the universal joint 3, the first contact portion 21 and the second contact portion 23 on the distal end side of the nut 9 contact each other.
[0055]
At this time, the ball 15 is in the paired ball grooves 10 and 14 and can roll in the ball grooves 10 and 14. For this reason, the universal joint 3 can be bent in a state where the first contact portion 21 and the second contact portion 23 are in contact with each other, and the same operation and effect as in the above-described embodiment can be obtained.
[0056]
Therefore, the universal joint 3 that can be bent even if an excessive force is input in the axial direction and that can be bent is obtained.
[0057]
In addition, since the first contact portion 21 is formed at the tip of the nut 9, an increase in the number of parts can be prevented.
[0058]
FIG. 4 is a drawing showing another embodiment of the present invention. The difference of this embodiment is that the first contact portion is formed at the tip of the input shaft 1 to which the outer member 4 is attached. It is.
[0059]
That is, the distal end of the input shaft 1 is extended toward the inside of the outer member 4, the first contact portion 21 is formed on the distal end side of the input shaft 1, and the hemispherical outer peripheral surface 22 is formed. Yes.
[0060]
Since other configurations are the same as those in the above-described embodiment, the same components are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant description thereof is omitted.
[0061]
According to such a configuration, when an excessive axial force is input to the universal joint 3, the first contact portion 21 and the second contact portion 23 on the distal end side of the input shaft 1 contact each other. .
[0062]
At this time, the ball 15 is in the paired ball grooves 10 and 14 and can roll in the ball grooves 10 and 14. For this reason, the universal joint 3 can be bent in a state where the first contact portion 21 and the second contact portion 23 are in contact with each other, and the same operation and effect as in the above-described embodiment can be obtained.
[0063]
Therefore, the universal joint 3 that can be bent even if an excessive force is input in the axial direction and that can be bent is obtained.
[0064]
In addition, since the first contact portion 21 is formed at the tip of the input shaft 1, an increase in the number of parts can be prevented.
[0065]
FIG. 5 is a drawing showing another embodiment of the present invention. The embodiment is different in that the outer member 4 is formed integrally with the input shaft 1 to which the outer member 4 is attached. is there.
[0066]
That is, the outer member 4 is formed integrally with the input member 1, and the washer and nut are eliminated. Further, as in the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, an abutment body 21 as the first abutment portion is attached to the bottom of the outer member 4.
[0067]
Since other configurations are the same as those in the above-described embodiment, the same components are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant description thereof is omitted.
[0068]
According to such a configuration, when an excessive axial force is input to the universal joint 3, the contact body (first contact part) 21 and the second contact part 23 disposed at the bottom of the outer member 4. And abut against each other.
[0069]
At this time, the ball 15 is in the paired ball grooves 10 and 14 and can roll in the ball grooves 10 and 14. For this reason, the universal joint 3 can be bent in a state where the contact body 21 and the second contact portion 23 are in contact with each other, and the same operation and effect as in the above-described embodiment can be obtained.
[0070]
Therefore, the universal joint 3 that can be bent even if an excessive force is input in the axial direction and that can be bent is obtained.
[0071]
Further, since the input shaft 1 and the outer member 4 are integrally formed, an increase in the number of parts can be prevented.
[0072]
Although the embodiment has been described with reference to the drawings, the specific configuration is not limited to this embodiment and can be changed without departing from the gist of the invention. For example, it is possible to perform surface treatment on the first contact portion 21 and the second contact portion 23. Further, the second contact portion 23 may be formed on the inner member.
[0073]
【The invention's effect】
As described above in detail, according to the present invention, an axially slidable universal joint that can be bent even if an excessive force is input in the axial direction is obtained.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a universal joint slidable in the axial direction according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view for explaining a state where a first contact portion and a second contact portion are in contact with each other and a universal joint is bent.
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a universal joint showing another embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a universal joint showing another embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a universal joint showing another embodiment of the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 Input shaft 2 Output shaft 3 Universal joint 4 Outer member 10 Ball groove (guide groove)
11 Inner member 14 Ball groove (guide groove)
15 balls (spherical member)
21 Contact body (first contact part)
23 Second contact portion

Claims (5)

入力軸と出力軸との間を連繋する、軸方向に摺動可能な自在継手において、前記入力軸または出力軸の何れか一方の軸に取付けられる外側部材と、この外側部材の内部に配置され、入力軸または出力軸の何れか他方の軸に取付けられる内側部材と、前記外側部材または内側部材の何れか一方または両方に、軸方向に形成された案内溝と、この案内溝内に配置され、前記外側部材と内側部材との間を連繋する球状部材と、前記外側部材の内部において、この外側部材またはこの外側部材が取付けられる軸に形成された第１当接部と、前記内側部材またはこの内側部材が取付けられる軸に形成され、前記第１当接部に当接可能な第２当接部とを備えてなる軸方向に摺動可能な自在継手であって、
前記第１当接部と第２当接部との少なくとも一方には金属材料または硬質合成樹脂材料からなる半球状の外周面が形成されてなり、この半球状の外周面によって、第１当接部と第２当接部とが点接触可能であること特徴とする軸方向に摺動可能な自在継手。An axially slidable universal joint that links an input shaft and an output shaft, and is disposed inside the outer member that is attached to either the input shaft or the output shaft. An inner member attached to either the input shaft or the output shaft, a guide groove formed in an axial direction on one or both of the outer member and the inner member, and the guide member disposed in the guide groove. a spherical member which interlocking between said outer member and the inner member, inside said outer member, a first contact portion which the outer member or the outer member is formed on a shaft mounted, said inner member or the inner member is formed on the shaft which is mounted to a slidable joint in the axial direction formed by a first second contact portion capable of contacting the contact portion,
A hemispherical outer peripheral surface made of a metal material or a hard synthetic resin material is formed on at least one of the first abutting portion and the second abutting portion, and the first abutting surface is formed by the hemispherical outer peripheral surface. parts and slidable universal joint in the axial direction in which the second contact portion and point contact can der Rukoto features. 前記第１当接部は、前記外側部材の底部に設けられた当接体であることを特徴とする、請求項１記載の軸方向に摺動可能な自在継手。The universal joint slidable in the axial direction according to claim 1, wherein the first contact portion is a contact body provided at a bottom portion of the outer member . 前記第１当接部は、前記外側部材が取付けられる軸の先端に取付けたナットに形成されていることを特徴とする、請求項１記載の軸方向に摺動可能な自在継手。Said first contact portion, said outer member, characterized that you have been formed in a nut attached to the end of the shaft mounted, slidable universal joint in the axial direction of claim 1, wherein. 前記第１当接部は、前記外側部材が取付けられる軸の先端に形成されていることを特徴とする、請求項１記載の軸方向に摺動可能な自在継手。Said first contact portion, said characterized in that the outer member is made form the distal end of the shaft mounted claim 1 slidable universal joint in the axial direction according. 前記外側部材は、この外側部材が取付けられる入力軸または出力軸のいずれか一方の軸に一体に形成されていることを特徴とする、請求項１記載の軸方向に摺動可能な自在継手。The outer member may be formed integrally with one of the axes of the input shaft or output shaft the outer member is attached, according to claim 1 slidable universal joint in the axial direction according.
JP07151498A 1998-03-05 1998-03-05 Universal joint slidable in the axial direction Expired - Fee Related JP3832962B2 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

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JP07151498A JP3832962B2 (en) 1998-03-05 1998-03-05 Universal joint slidable in the axial direction

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP07151498A JP3832962B2 (en) 1998-03-05 1998-03-05 Universal joint slidable in the axial direction

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPH11247879A JPH11247879A (en) 1999-09-14
JP3832962B2 true JP3832962B2 (en) 2006-10-11

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6913540B2 (en) * 2001-05-10 2005-07-05 Ntn Corporation Constant velocity universal joint for propeller shaft
CN101128681B (en) * 2005-02-17 2011-11-16 轴成型工程有限公司 Drive shaft and constant velocity joint for drive shaft
JP5311205B2 (en) * 2008-11-20 2013-10-09 株式会社リコー Constant velocity joint, drive device, and image forming apparatus

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