JP3822692B2 - eraser - Google Patents

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JP3822692B2
JP3822692B2 JP35806996A JP35806996A JP3822692B2 JP 3822692 B2 JP3822692 B2 JP 3822692B2 JP 35806996 A JP35806996 A JP 35806996A JP 35806996 A JP35806996 A JP 35806996A JP 3822692 B2 JP3822692 B2 JP 3822692B2
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eraser
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spheres
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molding
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JPH10193880A (en
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健二 久保
全利 新谷
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Seed Co Ltd
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Seed Co Ltd
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は消しゴムに関し、さらに詳細には、消しゴム材料がポリ塩化ビニル等の基材樹脂と可塑剤などからなるいわゆるプラスチック消しゴムの軽量化技術に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
この種のプラスチック消しゴムは、ポリ塩化ビニル等の基材樹脂および可塑剤に、必要に応じて、炭酸カルシウム等の充填剤や安定剤が適宜添加されて、これらが混合、攪拌された後、成形型への流し込みや押出等により加熱、成形されてなる。
【0003】
消しゴムの使用時のメカニズムは、消去すべき紙面上の文字等の筆跡に対する消しゴムの押圧摩擦により、この筆跡を消しゴムに吸着して紙面から除去消失させるとともに、この吸着した筆跡を含む消しゴムの消しカスは、消しゴムから取り除かれることになる。
【0004】
この場合の消しゴムに要求される機能・特性、例えば消字率や消屑量等は、炭酸カルシウム等の充填剤の含有量が影響するところ、これらの比重は比較的大きく、したがって消しゴム全体の重量にも大きく影響している。
【0005】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
ところで、近時の各種工業製品の低価格化には目を見張るものがあり、消しゴムに関してもその例外ではなく、そのための企業努力が日夜続けられている昨今である。
【0006】
この点に関して、本来低価格製品である消しゴムの製品コストに占める輸送費の比率はかなり大きく、よってコスト低減化の一方法として輸送費の低減化があり、このための有力な手段として消しゴム自体の軽量化がある。
【0007】
しかしながら、消しゴムの重量に大きく影響している充填剤の含有量の減少は、そのまま消しゴムの消字率等の機能・特性に反映してしまうことから、これに代わる軽量化技術の開発が強く叫ばれていた。
【0008】
本発明は、かかる従来の問題点に鑑みてなされたものであって、その目的とするところは、本来的機能である消字率等の機能・特性を低下させることなく、軽量化を図ることができ、しかも製造工程の作業性も良好な消しゴムを提供することにある。
【0009】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記目的を達成するため、本発明の消しゴムは、基材樹脂および可塑剤等からなる消しゴム材料中に、微小な独立気泡球体が多数散在含有されてなり、上記独立気泡球体が、有機系中空球体と無機系中空球体からなることを特徴とする。
【0011】
本発明者らは、本発明を完成するまでにも、消しゴム自体の軽量化のために、種々の試行錯誤および試験研究を行ってきており、その一例として、消字率向上の一手段として従来公知の、消しゴム材料または材料中に空隙を形成させる方法についても試験研究を行った。
【0012】
この方法の代表的なものとしては、消しゴム材料の混合時に泡立てて空気等の気体を巻き込んで、加熱、成形時に発泡させる方法や、消しゴム材料の混合時に発泡剤を混入させておき、その後の加熱、成形時の熱による発泡剤の分解・気体発生により空隙を形成させる方法などがあるが、いずれも消字率向上に加えて軽量化という点のみに着目してみれば一応所期の効果が得られるものの、反面、消しゴムとして保持しなければならない他の機能・特性を損なってしまうという新たな問題が生じてしまい、実用品としてはまだ完全なものではなかった。
【0013】
つまり、前者にあっては、消しゴム材料のチキソトロピー性が悪く、これがため作業性も非常に悪く、かつ成形物の形状寸法が不均一となるなど製品不良を生じやすい。また後者にあっては、発生した気体同士が互いに接触して、連続した空隙を形成する結果、空隙が過度に大きくなるとともに、各空隙の形状寸法にも大きなバラツキがあって、所期の製品強度が得られない。
【0014】
本発明者らは、これらの問題点についての種々の検討および試験研究を行った結果、従来周知の一般的な消しゴム材料中に、微小な独立気泡球体を多数散在含有させることにより、上記問題点をすべて解消しつつ所要の空隙を形成させることに成功した。
【0015】
つまり、有機系中空球体や無機系中空球体等の独立気泡球体は、消しゴム材料にチキソトロピー性を付与するというすぐれた特性を備えており、この結果、独立気泡球体を混合含有する消しゴム材料は、チキソトロピー性が目的に応じて任意に設定でき、成形型への流し込みや押出成形における押出も良く、成形物の形状寸法も均一となる。
【0016】
また、独立気泡球体により形成された空隙の場合、各空隙はいずれも独立して他の空隙と連続するようなことはなく、その形状寸法は独立気泡球体の容積そのもので適度であり、よって各空隙の形状寸法もほぼ均一で、所期の製品強度が得られる。
【0017】
さらに、独立気泡球体として、有機系中空球体と無機系中空球体という異種材料を混合して用いることにより、有機系中空球体と無機系中空球体をそれぞれ単体で用いた場合に比較して、成形物の形状寸法の安定性と軽量化という点においてより大きな効果が得られる。
【0018】
つまり、有機系中空球体だけでは、一定寸法形状を得るための加工性ないしは作業性という点で若干の困難を伴い、一方、無機系中空球体だけでは、低比重化という点で若干の難点があるところ、これら両者を適当に混合させることにより、両者が互いに補完しあって、作業性が向上しつつ、低比重化も実現することになる。
【0019】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明に係る消しゴムは、基材樹脂および可塑剤等からなる消しゴム材料中に、微小な独立気泡球体が多数散在含有されてなるプラスチック消しゴムである。
【0020】
基材樹脂としては、ポリ塩化ビニル、塩化ビニル−ビニルアルコール共重合体、塩化ビニル−酢酸ビニル共重合体、エチレン−塩化ビニル共重合体、エチレン−酢酸ビニル共重合体、エチレン−酢酸ビニル共重合体−ポリ塩化ビニルグラフト重合体などが挙げられる。
【0021】
可塑剤は上記基材樹脂を可塑化させるために用いられ、多塩基性酸エステル系可塑剤、高分子系可塑剤および含塩素可塑剤などが挙げられる。
【0022】
多塩基性酸エステル系可塑剤としては、フタル酸ジエチルヘキシル、フタル酸ジノルマルオクチル、フタル酸ジブチル、フタル酸ジヘプチル、フタル酸イソノニル、フタル酸ジイソオクチル等のフタル酸エステル系可塑剤や、アジピン酸ジオクチル、アジピン酸ジイソデシル、アゼライン酸ジオクチル、セバシン酸ジブチル等の脂肪族二塩基酸エステル系可塑剤や、リン酸トリオクチル、リン酸トリクレジル等のリン酸エステル系可塑剤や、アセチルクエン酸トリブチルなどがある。また、高分子系可塑剤としては、ポリプロピレンアジペートやポリプロピレンセバケートなどがある。含塩素可塑剤としては、塩化パラフィン、塩素化脂肪酸メチルなどがある。
【0023】
可塑剤の使用量は、量の増減での比重の変化は比較的少ないことから、基材樹脂の種類によっても異なるが、専ら、作業性、消しゴムの硬さ、消去感などの関係から、基材樹脂100重量部に対して100〜300重量部使用するのが好ましい。
【0024】
独立気泡球体は、消しゴムに空隙を形成させるために使用するもので、マイクロバルーンとも呼ばれ、通常5〜300μmの単一な空間をもった微細な中空球体であり、外殻の成分によって、有機系中空球体(有機系バルーン)と無機系中空球体(無機系バルーン)とに大別される。
【0025】
有機系中空球体としては、熱可塑性樹脂やカーボンを成分としたカーボンバルーン、フエノールバルーン、塩化ビニリデンバルーン等が挙げられ、塩化ビニリデン、スチレン、MMA、アクリロニトリル、メタアクリロニトリルなどのコポリマーを外殻成分としている。具体的な外殻材質としては、ポリ塩化ビニリデン─アクリロニトリル共重合体、アクリロニトリル−アクリルエステル共重合体、ポリエチレン、ポリプロピレン、スチレン−アクリル共重合体などが挙げられる。
【0026】
有機系中空球体は、真比重が0.03〜0.06程度で、平均粒径が50μm程度である。また有機系中空球体は、その外殻の厚さもわすか0.1μmで、ビニール風船のような弾力性を備えることから、いかにバルーンを壊さないように添加するかが重要である。例えば、材質の選定にあたっては、用いられる可塑剤に成形温度以下で溶解しないものを選択する必要がある。これは成形途中で有機系中空球体が破裂してしまうおそれがあるためである。
【0027】
また、有機系中空球体は、加熱、成形時に膨張する未発泡有機系中空球体と、加熱、成形時に形状寸法が一定の既発泡有機系中空球体に分けられる。
【0028】
未発泡有機系中空球体は、その内部に、膨張性物質として、ブタン、ペンタン等の低沸点炭化水素、フロン等の低沸点ハロゲン化炭化水素、あるいはその他低沸点有機溶剤などを含んでなり、これら内封物が成形時の熱により膨張して空隙を形成し、膨張と同時に蒸散・気散する。この場合の外殻を構成する樹脂は、50℃以上で軟化が開始するような材質であることが適切である。50℃未満で軟化してしまう材質の粒子では、成形が開始される前に有機系中空球体の膨張が開始されてしまい、成形途中で有機系中空球体が破裂してしまうおそれがあるためである。
【0029】
有機系中空球体の具体例としては、既発泡のものとして、エクスパンセル社製のEXPANCEL461DE、同051DE、同551DE、同091DE等が挙げられ、また、未発泡のものとしてエクスパンセル社製のEXPANCEL461DU、同051DU、同551DU、同091DU等が挙げられる。この他にも、松本油脂製薬株式会社等の製造販売に係る有機系中空球体など、一般市販の有機系中空球体が使用可能である。
【0030】
未発泡有機系中空球体については、必要とする空隙の大きさや成形温度により内封物が選択されるが、ゲル化温度より高い沸点の物質を内封すると、マイクロカプセルが膨張せず、空隙の効果が少なくなってしまうので、沸点の低い物質を用いることが好ましい。使用する量は、内封物質により異なるが、本発明の効果を考慮すると、基材樹脂100重量部に対して1〜20重量部使用するのが好ましい。
【0031】
一方、既発泡有機系中空球体についても、必要とする消しゴムの空隙の大きさや使用する有機系中空球体の粒子径により、有機系中空球体の使用量は異なるが、空隙形成の効果を考慮すると、基材樹脂100重量部に対して1〜15重量部使用するのが好ましい。
【0032】
無機系中空球体としては、ガラスバルーン、シラスバルーン、シリカバルーンなどが挙げられ、一般的に内部が空で、壁厚が数μm程度、球径が数10μm程度の微小な真球体で、ピンポン玉を微小化したのと同様の形状をもつ粉体である。無機系中空球体の外周面に樹脂コーティングして、補強したものもある。無機系中空球体の具体例として、日本シリカ社製のグラスマイクバルーン、イヂチ化成株式会社製のウィンライトMSB−5011、旭硝子株式会社製のQ−CEL200、同300、鈴木油脂工業株式会社製のシリカB−25C等が挙げられる。使用する量は、比重減小効果も考慮して、基材樹脂100重量部に対して5〜50重量部使用するのが好ましい。
【0033】
これら独立気泡球体は、消しゴムの各構成材料に均等に代えて、あるいはその一部の特定構成材料に代えて含有され、好適な一例としては、消しゴムの構成材料として大きな比重を占める従来公知の充填剤の一部に代えて含有される。
【0034】
また、独立気泡球体の具体的構成は、目的に応じて、有機系中空球体または無機系中空球体単体で、あるいはこれら両者を混合して、さらには、有機系中空球体についても、未発泡有機系中空球体または既発泡有機系中空球体単体で、あるいはこれら両者を混合して用いられる。
【0035】
一例として、消しゴムの比重を1以下にするには、例えば、基材樹脂100重量部に対して、有機系中空球体を単体で用いる場合は8〜10重量部が好ましく、無機系中空球体を単体で用いる場合は10〜50重量部が好ましく、また、有機系中空球体と無機系中空球体を混合して用いる場合は、有機系中空球体が5〜10重量部で、無機系中空球体が5〜20重量部で、合計10〜50重量部が好ましい。
【0036】
また、場合により、炭酸カルシウム、酸化マグネシウム等の充填剤や、溶剤、着色材など、従来消しゴム材料として使用されている各種添加物を適宜選択使用することも可能である。さらに、インキ等を溶解する溶剤が内包されたマイクロカプセルや研磨剤を添加して、インキによる筆跡やコピー機の複写跡など鉛筆による筆跡以外の筆跡等を消去する機能を付加することも可能である。
【0037】
次に、これら構成材料を用いて消しゴムを成形する方法を説明すると、流し込み成形法により消しゴムを成形するには、各構成材料を所定量ずつ混合して攪拌し、この混合材料を所定温度に加熱保温した成形型に流し込み、この状態のまま所定時間放置する。その後、この成形型に充填された構成材料を冷却してから成形型から取り出し、この成形物を所定寸法形状に切断して製品とする。
【0038】
また、押出成形法により消しゴムを成形するには、各構成材料を所定量ずつ混合して攪拌し、この混合材料を押出成形機に投入して、所定温度に加熱しながら所定形状に成形し、この成形物を冷却した後、所定寸法形状に切断して製品とする。
【0039】
さらに、射出成形法により消しゴムを成形するには、各構成材料を所定量ずつ混合して攪拌し、この混合材料を射出成形機に投入して、所定形状寸法の製品とする。
【0040】
しかして、以上のように構成された消しゴムにおいては、微小な有機系中空球体や無機系中空球体等の独立気泡球体が、基材樹脂および可塑剤等からなる消しゴム材料中に多数散在含有されてなることにより、形状寸法の均一な成形物が得られる。これは、独立気泡球体が消しゴム材料に任意のチキソトロピー性を付与する結果、その成形工程において、成形型への流し込みや押出成形が良好であるためと考えられる。
【0041】
また、上記独立気泡球体により消しゴム内部には多数の微小な空隙が形成されることになるが、これらの各空隙はいずれも、独立気泡球体自体の外殻により互いに独立していて、他の空隙と連続するようなことはなく、その形状寸法は独立気泡球体の容積そのもので適度(予め設定した形状寸法)である。したがって、各空隙の形状寸法も全体としてほぼ均一であり、消しゴム自体に所期の製品強度を得ることができる。
【0042】
さらに、独立気泡球体として、有機系中空球体と無機系中空球体という異種材料を混合して用いる場合には、有機系中空球体と無機系中空球体をそれぞれ単体で用いた場合に比較して、成形物の形状寸法の安定性と軽量化という点においてより大きな効果を得ることができる。
【0043】
すなわち、有機系中空球体と無機系中空球体をそれぞれ単体で用いた場合にも上記のような効果が得られるが、これら各単体では次のような不具合も若干伴う。つまり、有機系中空球体だけでは、一定寸法形状を得るための加工性ないしは作業性という点で若干の困難を伴い、一方、無機系中空球体だけでは、低比重化という点で若干の難点がある。
【0044】
これに対して、有機系中空球体と無機系中空球体を適量ずつ混合させることにより、両者が互いに補完しあって、成形工程における作業性が向上しつつ、消しゴムの低比重化も実現することができる。
【0045】
つまり、例えば消しゴム材料中に未発泡有機系中空球体のみを含ませ、加工の際の熱で中空球体内に内包される膨張性物質を膨張させる方法では、有機系中空球体の膨張の大きさにバラツキを生じ、この結果、消しゴムの仕上がり表面に凹凸を生じてしまう。この点を考慮して、有機系中空球体の含有量を相対的に減量すると、今度は消しゴムの形状は安定するが、比重は1以下にならない。そこで、無機系中空球体を併用含有させることにより、密度設定が容易確実となり、仕上がり形状寸法の安定が得られるとともに、消しゴムの仕上がり表面に凹凸を生じることもなく、比重の減小化に一層の効果が得られる。
【0046】

Figure 0003822692
【0047】
以上の構成成分を混合攪拌したものを、内寸10mm×100mm×100mmの成形金型に流し込み、これを120℃に設定した恒温槽に20分間放置してから冷却した後、成形金型から取り出して、製品である消しゴムを得た(流し込み成形方法)。
【0048】
Figure 0003822692
【0049】
以上の構成成分を実施例1と同様の成形方法で消しゴムを得た。
【0050】
Figure 0003822692
【0051】
以上の構成成分を実施例1と同様の成形方法で消しゴムを得た。
【0052】
Figure 0003822692
【0053】
以上の構成成分を実施例1と同様の成形方法で消しゴムを得た。
【0054】
Figure 0003822692
【0055】
以上の構成成分を実施例1と同様の成形方法で消しゴムを得た。
【0056】
Figure 0003822692
【0057】
以上の構成成分を実施例1と同様の成形方法で消しゴムを得た。
【0058】
Figure 0003822692
【0059】
以上の構成成分を実施例1と同様の成形方法で消しゴムを得た。
【0060】
Figure 0003822692
【0061】
以上の構成成分を実施例1と同様の成形方法で消しゴムを得た。
【0062】
上記実施例1〜8についての特性試験を、従来品と比較して行い、その試験結果を表1に示す。なお、従来品としては、実施例6における未発泡有機系中空球体が含有されていない他、その構成成分および成形方法共に実施例6と同様である。
【0063】
【表1】
Figure 0003822692
【0064】
これらの試験結果より明らかなように、実施例1〜8のいずれにおいても比重が1以下であり、従来品の比重1.35に比較して大幅に減小している。
【0065】
また、作業性については、実施例1が若干良くないが、その他の実施例2〜8のいずれも良好である。寸法安定性については、実施例2が若干良くないが、その他の実施例1、3〜8のいずれも良好である。さらに、消しゴムの本来的機能である消字力については、実施例1〜8のいずれにおいても従来品より優れた値が得られた。引張り強さについては、実施例1〜8のいずれも従来品より若干劣るものの、実用品としては全く問題のない値が得られた。
【0066】
以上から、本発明に係る実施例1〜8のいずれにおいても、消しゴムとしての本来的機能である消字率を低下させることなく、従来品に比較して大幅に軽量化を図ることができ、しかも製造工程の作業性や成形物の寸法安定性も実用品として満足できることが判明した。
【0067】
特に、独立気泡球体として、有機系中空球体と無機系中空球体という異種材料を混合して用いる実施例4、5および8においては、上述のごとく所期の軽量化が実現するとともに、作業性および寸法安定性においても従来品と同等の大変良好な結果が得られることが判明した。
【0068】
なお、上述した実施例1〜8はあくまでも、本発明の好適な具体的実施態様を示すものであって、これに限定されることなく、その範囲内で種々設計変更することができると解釈されるべきである。
【0069】
例えば、実施例1〜8は、いずれも流し込み成形法により消しゴムを製造する場合であるが、本発明は、実施形態の説明において示した押出成形法による場合や、あるいは射出成形法による場合など、従来周知の消しゴムの他の成形法にも適用可能であることはもちろんである。
【0070】
また、独立気泡球体の具体的内容については、実施例1〜8以外の組み合わせも可能であり、つまり、有機系中空球体を未発泡有機系中空球体と既発泡有機系中空球体の双方で構成したり、あるいは、無機系中空球体をガラスバルーン、シラスバルーン、シリカバルーンなどの複数種類のもので構成するなど、目的に応じて種々選択可能である。
【0071】
【発明の効果】
以上詳述したように、本発明によれば、基材樹脂および可塑剤等からなる消しゴム材料中に、微小な独立気泡球体が多数散在含有されてなり、上記独立気泡球体が、有機系中空球体と無機系中空球体からなるから、消しゴム自体の大幅な軽量化を図ることができ、輸送費の大幅な低減化により、低価格製品である消しゴムのさらなる製品コストの低減化を実現でき、しかも、本来的機能である消字率は低下することなく、製造工程の良好な作業性や寸法安定性も得られ、強度的にも十分である。
【0072】
また、上記独立気泡球体が、消しゴムの構成材料として大きな比重を占める充填剤の一部に代えて含有されると、充填剤の減少による材料費の節減や充填剤による脆性増加の防止も図ることができる。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an eraser, and more particularly, to a so-called plastic eraser weight reduction technique in which an eraser material is made of a base resin such as polyvinyl chloride and a plasticizer.
[0002]
[Prior art]
This type of plastic eraser is formed by adding fillers and stabilizers such as calcium carbonate to the base resin and plasticizer, such as polyvinyl chloride, as necessary, and mixing and stirring them. Heated and molded by pouring into a mold or extrusion .
[0003]
When using the eraser, the mechanism is that the eraser presses the eraser against the handwriting on the paper to be erased, so that the handwriting is absorbed by the eraser and removed from the paper surface. Will be removed from the eraser.
[0004]
In this case, the functions and characteristics required for the eraser, such as the erasure rate and the amount of scraps, are affected by the content of fillers such as calcium carbonate. Their specific gravity is relatively large, and thus the weight of the entire eraser. It also has a big influence.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
By the way, the recent price reduction of various industrial products is remarkable, and the eraser is no exception, and it is the present time that corporate efforts for that purpose are continued day and night.
[0006]
In this regard, the ratio of transportation costs to the product cost of erasers, which are inherently low-priced products, is quite large. Therefore, one way to reduce costs is to reduce transportation costs. There is weight reduction.
[0007]
However, the decrease in filler content, which greatly affects the weight of the eraser, directly reflects the function / characteristics such as the eraser's erasure rate. It was out.
[0008]
The present invention has been made in view of such conventional problems, and the object of the present invention is to reduce the weight without deteriorating the functions and characteristics such as the erasure rate, which is the original function. In addition, the present invention is to provide an eraser with good workability in the manufacturing process.
[0009]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
To achieve the above object, eraser of the present invention, the eraser material composed of a base resin and a plasticizer such as, Ri tiny closed cells sphere name is interspersed containing a number, the closed cell spheres, organic hollow It consists of a sphere and an inorganic hollow sphere.
[0011]
The present inventors have conducted various trials and errors and test researches to reduce the weight of the eraser itself until the present invention is completed. Test studies were also conducted on known eraser materials or methods for forming voids in materials.
[0012]
Typical methods include foaming during mixing of the eraser material, entraining a gas such as air, and foaming during heating and molding, or mixing the foaming agent during mixing of the eraser material, followed by heating There is a method of forming voids by decomposition of the foaming agent due to heat at the time of molding and gas generation. Although it was obtained, on the other hand, there was a new problem that other functions and characteristics that had to be retained as an eraser were lost, and it was not yet perfect as a practical product.
[0013]
That is, in the former case, the thixotropy of the eraser material is poor, so that the workability is very bad, and the product is liable to be defective, such as the non-uniform shape of the molded product. In the latter case, the generated gases come into contact with each other to form continuous voids. As a result, the voids become excessively large, and there are large variations in the shape and size of each void. Strength cannot be obtained.
[0014]
As a result of various examinations and test studies on these problems, the present inventors have found that the above-mentioned problems are caused by scattering a large number of minute closed-cell spheres in a conventionally known general eraser material. We succeeded in forming the required voids while eliminating all of the above.
[0015]
In other words, closed cell spheres such as organic hollow spheres and inorganic hollow spheres have excellent properties of imparting thixotropic properties to the eraser material, and as a result, eraser materials containing and mixing closed cell spheres are thixotropic. The properties can be arbitrarily set according to the purpose, and casting into a mold or extrusion in extrusion molding is good, and the shape and dimension of the molded product are uniform.
[0016]
Further, in the case of voids formed by closed-cell spheres, each void is not independently continuous with other voids, and its shape and size are appropriate for the volume of closed-cell spheres, and therefore each The shape and size of the air gap are almost uniform, and the desired product strength can be obtained.
[0017]
Furthermore, by using different materials such as organic hollow spheres and inorganic hollow spheres mixed as closed cell spheres, compared to the case where organic hollow spheres and inorganic hollow spheres are used individually, the molded product A greater effect can be obtained in terms of the stability of the shape and the weight reduction.
[0018]
In other words, the organic hollow sphere alone has some difficulty in terms of workability or workability for obtaining a fixed size and shape, while the inorganic hollow sphere alone has some difficulty in reducing the specific gravity. However, by mixing these two appropriately, the two complement each other, improving workability and realizing low specific gravity.
[0019]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The eraser according to the present invention is a plastic eraser in which a large number of minute closed-cell spheres are scattered and contained in an eraser material composed of a base resin and a plasticizer.
[0020]
As the base resin, polyvinyl chloride, vinyl chloride-vinyl alcohol copolymer, vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate copolymer, ethylene-vinyl chloride copolymer, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer Examples thereof include a polymer-polyvinyl chloride graft polymer.
[0021]
The plasticizer is used for plasticizing the base resin, and examples thereof include polybasic acid ester plasticizers, polymer plasticizers, and chlorine-containing plasticizers.
[0022]
Examples of the polybasic acid ester plasticizer include diethyl hexyl phthalate, di-normal octyl phthalate, dibutyl phthalate, diheptyl phthalate, isononyl phthalate, diisooctyl phthalate, and dioctyl adipate. And aliphatic dibasic acid ester plasticizers such as diisodecyl adipate, dioctyl azelate and dibutyl sebacate, phosphate plasticizers such as trioctyl phosphate and tricresyl phosphate, and tributyl acetylcitrate. Examples of the polymer plasticizer include polypropylene adipate and polypropylene sebacate. Chlorinated plasticizers include chlorinated paraffin and chlorinated fatty acid methyl.
[0023]
The amount of plasticizer used varies depending on the type of base resin since the change in specific gravity due to the increase or decrease of the amount is relatively small, but it is based solely on the relationship between workability, eraser hardness, feeling of erasure, etc. It is preferable to use 100 to 300 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the material resin.
[0024]
The closed cell sphere is used to form a void in the eraser, and is also called a microballoon, and is usually a fine hollow sphere having a single space of 5 to 300 μm. These are roughly classified into system hollow spheres (organic balloons) and inorganic hollow spheres (inorganic balloons).
[0025]
Examples of organic hollow spheres include carbon balloons, phenol balloons, and vinylidene chloride balloons that contain thermoplastic resin and carbon as components, and copolymers such as vinylidene chloride, styrene, MMA, acrylonitrile, and methacrylonitrile are used as outer shell components. . Specific examples of the outer shell material include polyvinylidene chloride-acrylonitrile copolymer, acrylonitrile-acrylic ester copolymer, polyethylene, polypropylene, and styrene-acrylic copolymer.
[0026]
The organic hollow sphere has a true specific gravity of about 0.03 to 0.06 and an average particle size of about 50 μm. In addition, the organic hollow sphere has an outer shell thickness of 0.1 μm and has elasticity like a vinyl balloon, so it is important to add it so as not to break the balloon. For example, when selecting a material, it is necessary to select a material that does not dissolve in the plasticizer used at a temperature lower than the molding temperature. This is because the organic hollow sphere may burst during the molding.
[0027]
Organic hollow spheres are classified into unfoamed organic hollow spheres that expand during heating and molding, and pre-foamed organic hollow spheres that have a constant shape and size during heating and molding.
[0028]
The non-foamed organic hollow sphere contains, in its interior, low-boiling hydrocarbons such as butane and pentane, low-boiling halogenated hydrocarbons such as chlorofluorocarbon, and other low-boiling organic solvents. The encapsulated material expands due to heat at the time of molding to form a void, and evaporates and diffuses simultaneously with expansion. The resin constituting the outer shell in this case is suitably a material that starts to soften at 50 ° C. or higher. This is because the particles of the material that softens at a temperature lower than 50 ° C. may cause the organic hollow spheres to expand before the molding starts, and the organic hollow spheres may burst during the molding. .
[0029]
Specific examples of the organic hollow sphere include EXPANCEL 461DE, 051DE, 551DE, and 091DE manufactured by EXPANSEL as already foamed ones. EXPANCEL 461DU, 051DU, 551DU, 091DU and the like. In addition, general commercially available organic hollow spheres such as organic hollow spheres related to the manufacture and sale of Matsumoto Yushi Seiyaku Co., Ltd. can be used.
[0030]
For unfoamed organic hollow spheres, the encapsulated material is selected depending on the required void size and molding temperature. Since the effect is reduced, it is preferable to use a substance having a low boiling point. The amount to be used varies depending on the encapsulating substance, but considering the effects of the present invention, it is preferable to use 1 to 20 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the base resin.
[0031]
On the other hand, the amount of the organic hollow sphere used varies depending on the size of the eraser void required and the particle size of the organic hollow sphere used for the already foamed organic hollow sphere, but considering the effect of void formation, It is preferable to use 1 to 15 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the base resin.
[0032]
Examples of inorganic hollow spheres include glass balloons, shirasu balloons, silica balloons, and the like, which are generally fine spheres having an empty interior, a wall thickness of about several μm, and a sphere diameter of about several tens of μm. It is a powder with the same shape as that of the finer. Some of the inorganic hollow spheres are reinforced by resin coating on the outer peripheral surface. Specific examples of inorganic hollow spheres include glass microphone balloon manufactured by Nippon Silica Co., Ltd., Winlite MSB-5011 manufactured by Idichi Kasei Co., Ltd., Q-CEL200 manufactured by Asahi Glass Co., Ltd., and 300 manufactured by Suzuki Oil & Fat Co., Ltd. B-25C etc. are mentioned. The amount to be used is preferably 5 to 50 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the base resin in consideration of the specific gravity reduction effect.
[0033]
These closed cell spheres are contained in place of each constituent material of the eraser equally or in place of a part of the specific constituent material, and as a suitable example, a conventionally known filling material that occupies a large specific gravity as a constituent material of the eraser. It is contained instead of a part of the agent.
[0034]
In addition, the specific structure of the closed cell sphere is determined by the organic hollow sphere or the inorganic hollow sphere alone or a mixture of both according to the purpose. The hollow spheres, the already foamed organic hollow spheres, or a mixture of both can be used.
[0035]
As an example, in order to set the specific gravity of the eraser to 1 or less, for example, when the organic hollow sphere is used alone with respect to 100 parts by weight of the base resin, 8 to 10 parts by weight is preferable, and the inorganic hollow sphere is used alone. Is preferably 10 to 50 parts by weight, and in the case of using a mixture of organic hollow spheres and inorganic hollow spheres, the organic hollow spheres are 5 to 10 parts by weight and the inorganic hollow spheres are 5 to 5 parts by weight. 20 parts by weight, preferably 10 to 50 parts by weight in total.
[0036]
In some cases, various additives conventionally used as eraser materials such as fillers such as calcium carbonate and magnesium oxide, solvents, and coloring agents can be appropriately selected and used. In addition, it is possible to add a microcapsule containing a solvent that dissolves ink, etc., or an abrasive, and add a function to erase handwriting other than pencil handwriting such as ink handwriting and copying marks of copying machines. is there.
[0037]
Next, a method for forming an eraser using these constituent materials will be described. To form an eraser by a casting method, each constituent material is mixed in a predetermined amount and stirred, and the mixed material is heated to a predetermined temperature. Pour into a mold that has been kept warm and leave in this state for a predetermined time. Thereafter, the constituent material filled in the mold is cooled and taken out from the mold, and the molded product is cut into a predetermined size shape to obtain a product.
[0038]
Further, in order to form an eraser by extrusion molding, each constituent material is mixed and stirred by a predetermined amount, and this mixed material is put into an extrusion molding machine and molded into a predetermined shape while being heated to a predetermined temperature. After cooling the molded product, the product is cut into a predetermined size and shape.
[0039]
Further, in order to mold an eraser by the injection molding method, each constituent material is mixed and stirred in a predetermined amount, and this mixed material is put into an injection molding machine to obtain a product having a predetermined shape and size.
[0040]
Thus, in the eraser configured as described above, a large number of closed-cell spheres such as fine organic hollow spheres and inorganic hollow spheres are scattered and contained in the eraser material made of a base resin and a plasticizer. As a result, a molded product having a uniform shape and dimension can be obtained. This is presumably because the closed cell sphere imparts arbitrary thixotropy to the eraser material, and as a result, in the molding process, casting into a mold and extrusion molding are good.
[0041]
In addition, a large number of minute voids are formed inside the eraser by the closed cell sphere, but each of these voids is independent from each other by the outer shell of the closed cell sphere itself, and other voids. The shape dimension is moderate (predetermined shape dimension) by the volume of the closed cell sphere itself. Accordingly, the shape and size of each gap is substantially uniform as a whole, and the desired product strength can be obtained for the eraser itself.
[0042]
Furthermore, when mixing different types of materials such as organic hollow spheres and inorganic hollow spheres as closed cell spheres, molding is performed in comparison with the case where organic hollow spheres and inorganic hollow spheres are used alone. Greater effects can be obtained in terms of stability of the shape and weight of the object and weight reduction.
[0043]
That is, when the organic hollow spheres and the inorganic hollow spheres are used alone, the above-described effects can be obtained, but each of these simple substances also has the following problems. In other words, the organic hollow sphere alone has some difficulty in terms of workability or workability for obtaining a fixed size and shape, while the inorganic hollow sphere alone has some difficulty in reducing the specific gravity. .
[0044]
On the other hand, by mixing organic hollow spheres and inorganic hollow spheres in appropriate amounts, they complement each other, improving workability in the molding process and realizing low specific gravity of the eraser. it can.
[0045]
In other words, for example, in a method in which only an unfoamed organic hollow sphere is included in an eraser material and an expandable substance contained in the hollow sphere is expanded by heat during processing, the size of the expansion of the organic hollow sphere is reduced. As a result, unevenness occurs on the finished surface of the eraser. Considering this point, if the content of the organic hollow sphere is relatively reduced, the shape of the eraser is stabilized, but the specific gravity does not become 1 or less. Therefore, the inclusion of the inorganic hollow spheres together makes it easy to set the density, provides stability of the finished shape, and does not cause irregularities on the finished surface of the eraser, further reducing the specific gravity. An effect is obtained.
[0046]
Figure 0003822692
[0047]
The above components are mixed and stirred and poured into a molding die having an internal size of 10 mm × 100 mm × 100 mm. After cooling for 20 minutes in a constant temperature bath set at 120 ° C., the product is taken out from the molding die. Thus, an eraser as a product was obtained (casting method).
[0048]
Figure 0003822692
[0049]
An eraser was obtained from the above components by the same molding method as in Example 1.
[0050]
Figure 0003822692
[0051]
An eraser was obtained from the above components by the same molding method as in Example 1.
[0052]
Figure 0003822692
[0053]
An eraser was obtained from the above components by the same molding method as in Example 1.
[0054]
Figure 0003822692
[0055]
An eraser was obtained from the above components by the same molding method as in Example 1.
[0056]
Figure 0003822692
[0057]
An eraser was obtained from the above components by the same molding method as in Example 1.
[0058]
Figure 0003822692
[0059]
An eraser was obtained from the above components by the same molding method as in Example 1.
[0060]
Figure 0003822692
[0061]
An eraser was obtained from the above components by the same molding method as in Example 1.
[0062]
The characteristic test about the said Examples 1-8 is performed compared with a conventional product, and the test result is shown in Table 1. In addition, as a conventional product, the unfoamed organic hollow sphere in Example 6 is not contained, and the constituent components and the molding method are the same as in Example 6.
[0063]
[Table 1]
Figure 0003822692
[0064]
As is clear from these test results, the specific gravity is 1 or less in any of Examples 1 to 8, and the specific gravity is greatly reduced as compared with the specific gravity of 1.35 of the conventional product.
[0065]
Moreover, about workability | operativity, although Example 1 is a little bad, all of other Examples 2-8 are favorable. As for dimensional stability, Example 2 is slightly poor, but all of Examples 1 and 3 to 8 are good. Furthermore, as for the erasing power, which is the original function of the eraser, a value superior to the conventional product was obtained in any of Examples 1 to 8. About tensile strength, although all of Examples 1-8 were a little inferior to a conventional product, the value which has no problem as a practical product was obtained.
[0066]
From the above, in any of Examples 1 to 8 according to the present invention, without reducing the erasure rate, which is the original function as an eraser, can be significantly reduced in weight compared to conventional products, Moreover, it has been found that the workability of the manufacturing process and the dimensional stability of the molded product can be satisfied as a practical product.
[0067]
In particular, in Examples 4, 5 and 8 in which different materials such as organic hollow spheres and inorganic hollow spheres are mixed and used as closed cell spheres, the expected weight reduction is realized as described above, and workability and In terms of dimensional stability, it has been found that very good results equivalent to the conventional products can be obtained.
[0068]
In addition, Examples 1-8 mentioned above show the suitable concrete embodiment of this invention to the last, Comprising: It is interpreted that it can change various designs within the range, without being limited to this. Should be.
[0069]
For example, Examples 1 to 8 are all cases in which an eraser is produced by a casting method, but the present invention is based on the extrusion method shown in the description of the embodiment or the case of an injection molding method. Of course, it can be applied to other molding methods of conventionally known erasers.
[0070]
Moreover, about the specific content of a closed-cell sphere, combinations other than Examples 1-8 are also possible, that is, an organic hollow sphere is composed of both an unfoamed organic hollow sphere and an already-foamed organic hollow sphere. Alternatively, various types of inorganic hollow spheres can be selected depending on the purpose, such as a plurality of types such as glass balloons, shirasu balloons, and silica balloons.
[0071]
【The invention's effect】
As described above in detail, according to the present invention, the eraser material composed of a base resin and a plasticizer such as, Ri tiny closed cells sphere name is interspersed containing a number, the closed cell spheres, organic hollow Since it consists of spheres and inorganic hollow spheres , the eraser itself can be significantly reduced in weight, and the transportation costs can be greatly reduced, further reducing the cost of the eraser, which is a low-priced product. The erasure rate, which is the original function, does not decrease, and good workability and dimensional stability in the manufacturing process can be obtained, and the strength is sufficient.
[0072]
In addition, when the closed cell sphere is contained in place of a part of the filler occupying a large specific gravity as a constituent material of the eraser, the material cost can be reduced by reducing the filler and the brittleness by the filler can be prevented from increasing. Can do.

Claims (5)

基材樹脂および可塑剤等からなる消しゴム材料中に、微小な独立気泡球体が多数散在含有されてなり、
前記独立気泡球体が、有機系中空球体と無機系中空球体からなることを特徴とする消しゴム
A large number of minute closed-cell spheres are scattered and contained in an eraser material composed of a base resin and a plasticizer,
An eraser , wherein the closed cell sphere is composed of an organic hollow sphere and an inorganic hollow sphere.
前記有機系中空球体は、加熱、成形時に膨張する未発泡有機系中空球体であることを特徴とする請求項に記載の消しゴム。The eraser according to claim 1 , wherein the organic hollow sphere is an unfoamed organic hollow sphere that expands during heating and molding. 前記有機系中空球体は、加熱、成形時に形状寸法が一定の既発泡有機系中空球体であることを特徴とする請求項に記載の消しゴム。2. The eraser according to claim 1 , wherein the organic hollow sphere is an already foamed organic hollow sphere having a constant shape and size during heating and molding. 前記有機系中空球体は、加熱、成形時に膨張する未発泡有機系中空球体と、加熱、成形時に形状寸法が一定の既発泡有機系中空球体とからなることを特徴とする請求項に記載の消しゴム。The organic hollow spheres, heating, and unexpanded organic hollow spheres which expands at the time of molding, heating, according to claim 1, geometry during molding is characterized in that it consists of a constant foamed organic hollow spheres eraser. インキ等を溶解する溶剤が内包されたマイクロカプセルが添加されてなることを特徴とする請求項1から4のいずれか一つに記載の消しゴム。The eraser according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein microcapsules containing a solvent that dissolves ink or the like are added.
JP35806996A 1996-12-27 1996-12-27 eraser Expired - Fee Related JP3822692B2 (en)

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JP4623648B2 (en) * 2005-07-12 2011-02-02 株式会社トンボ鉛筆 Plastic eraser
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