JP3820107B2 - Array antenna device - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an array antenna device that includes a plurality of antenna elements and can change directivity characteristics, and more particularly, for example, an electronically controlled waveguide array antenna device (ESPAR) antenna; This relates to an array antenna device.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Recently, various array antenna devices capable of steering an electron beam have been developed. In particular, the ESPAR antenna includes, for example, one excitation element that transmits and receives a radio signal, and, for example, six non-excitation elements that are provided at a predetermined interval from the excitation element and that do not transmit and receive a radio signal. An array antenna apparatus comprising variable reactance elements connected to the respective non-excitation elements, wherein the directivity characteristics of the array antenna apparatus are changed by changing a reactance value of the variable reactance elements. is there. Here, the ESPAR antenna has a unique effect that only a single port is required to connect a single signal source, and beams can be generated in many directions at the same frequency. Note that this ESPAR antenna is disclosed in, for example, the prior art document 1 “T. Ohira et al.,“ Electronically steerable passive array radiator antennas for low-cost analog adaptive beamforming ”, 2000 IEEE International Conference on Phased Array Systems & Technology pp. 101. -106, Dana point, California, May 21-25, 2000 "and Japanese Patent Application No. 11-194487.
[0003]
This ESPAR antenna is suitable for mobile or mobile communication and mobile computing with a smart or adaptive antenna function. In wireless communication and mobile computing systems, particularly, an electronically controlled beam is used. Can be used to increase spectral efficiency and battery power efficiency while simultaneously reducing problems associated with multipath propagation and co-channel interference. For example, this ESPAR antenna can be used, for example, as an antenna for a mobile communication terminal. Easily mounted on electronic devices such as notebook computers and PDAs (Personal Digital Assistants), and all non-excited elements are effective as wave guides or reflectors when scanning the main beam in any direction on the horizontal plane And control the horizontal plane directivity. It has a superior performance that is.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in the conventional ESPAR antenna, the excitation element and the non-excitation element must be supported so as to be perpendicular to the ground conductor plate while being electrically insulated from the ground conductor plate. In addition, the antenna structure is complicated and the manufacturing method is difficult.
[0005]
An object of the present invention is to provide an array antenna apparatus that solves the above-described problems and has a simple structure as compared with a conventional ESPAR antenna and can easily form an excitation element and a non-excitation element. It is in.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
An array antenna apparatus according to a first invention of the present application includes an excitation element that transmits and receives a radio signal, a plurality of non-excitation elements that are provided apart from the excitation element by a predetermined interval, and that does not transmit and receive a radio signal, An array antenna device that includes a variable reactance element connected to a non-excitation element, and changes a directivity characteristic of the array antenna device by changing a reactance value of the variable reactance element.
At least one dielectric substrate on which at least one of the plurality of non-excitation elements is formed is provided around the excitation element.
[0007]
An array antenna apparatus according to a second invention of the present application includes an excitation element that transmits and receives a radio signal, a plurality of non-excitation elements that are provided apart from the excitation element by a predetermined interval, and that does not transmit and receive a radio signal, An array antenna device that includes a variable reactance element connected to a non-excitation element, and changes a directivity characteristic of the array antenna device by changing a reactance value of the variable reactance element.
And a first dielectric substrate on which the excitation element, at least one of the plurality of non-excitation elements, and the excitation element are formed.
[0008]
In the array antenna device according to the second invention, at least one second dielectric substrate on which at least another one of the non-excitation elements is formed is further provided around the excitation element. Features.
[0009]
The array antenna device according to the third aspect of the invention includes an excitation element that transmits / receives a radio signal, a plurality of non-excitation elements that are provided at a predetermined interval from the excitation element and that does not transmit / receive a radio signal, and each of the non-excitation elements. An array antenna device that includes a variable reactance element connected to an excitation element, and changes a directivity characteristic of the array antenna device by changing a reactance value of the variable reactance element.
A dielectric film on which at least one of the plurality of non-excitation elements is formed is provided around the excitation element.
[0010]
In the array antenna device according to the third aspect of the present invention, comprising: a circular ground conductor plate; and a cylindrical ground conductor skirt plate provided along the outer peripheral edge of the ground conductor plate,
The excitation element is a ¼ wavelength monopole antenna provided at the center of the ground conductor plate,
The dielectric film is provided around the ground conductor plate.
[0011]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Embodiments according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
[0012]
<First Embodiment>
FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a configuration of a half-wavelength dipole ESPAR antenna device 1 configured using a dielectric substrate, for example, a printed wiring board, according to the first embodiment of the present invention. The ESPAR antenna device 1 of the present embodiment includes printed circuit boards 3a to 3a on which a half-wavelength dipole antenna A0 that is an excitation element and non-excitation elements A1 to A6 are formed on a dielectric support substrate 4 and are arranged around the half-wavelength dipole antenna A0. And 3c.
[0013]
In FIG. 1, the dielectric support substrate 4 has a radius r. ₃ A half-wavelength dipole antenna A0 having a length approximately half the wavelength of a transmission / reception radio signal so as to extend in the vertical direction from the center of the dielectric substrate. It is press-fitted into a circular hole formed at the center of the substrate 4 and supported by the dielectric support substrate 4. Here, the half-wave dipole antenna A0 is insulated from each other by the electrical insulator 2 located at the center thereof and is connected via the electrical insulator 2 so as to extend in a straight line, and each of the half-wavelength dipole antennas A0 has a quarter wavelength. Excitation antenna elements A0a and A0b having a length are provided. One end of each excitation antenna element A0a and A0b of the half-wavelength dipole antenna A0 on the side of the electrical insulator 2 (hereinafter referred to as one end on the opposite side) is a radio (not shown) via the balanced transmission / reception cable 5. ), The half-wave dipole antenna A0 is fed to transmit and receive radio signals.
[0014]
In addition, around the half-wave dipole antenna A0, three printed wiring boards 3a, 3b, 3c are press-fitted into a rectangular hole formed in the vertical direction with respect to the dielectric support board 4, and the dielectric support board 4 Provided in support. Non-exciting elements A1 and A2 are formed on the printed wiring board 3a, non-exciting elements A3 and A4 are formed on the printed wiring board 3b, and non-exciting elements A5 and A6 are formed on the printed wiring board 3c. The elements A1 to A6 are formed by a known printed wiring board process technology.
[0015]
Here, the non-excitation elements A1 have the same length l. ₁ Printed circuit board including strip-shaped printed antenna elements A1a and A1b that are parallel to the half-wavelength dipole antenna A0 and are spaced apart from each other by a predetermined distance and extend in a straight line This is composed of a half-wave dipole antenna formed on 3a and a variable reactance circuit described later. In addition, the non-exciting elements A2 have the same length l ₁ Printed circuit board including strip-shaped printed antenna elements A2a and A2b that are parallel to the half-wavelength dipole antenna A0 and are spaced apart from each other by a predetermined distance and extend in a straight line It is composed of a half-wave dipole antenna formed on 3a. Further, similarly to the non-excitation elements A1 and A2, the non-excitation elements A3 and A4 are formed on the printed wiring board 3b with strip-shaped printed antenna elements A3a and A3b, A4a and A4b, respectively. The elements A5 and A6 are respectively formed on the printed wiring board 3c with strip-shaped printed antenna elements A5a and A5b, A6a and A6b, similarly to the non-excited elements A1 to A4.
[0016]
The printed wiring boards 3a to 3c are made of, for example, glass epoxy resin, Teflon, or alumina ceramic having a thickness of about 1 mm.
[0017]
The arrangement of the printed wiring boards 3a to 3c and the dipole antenna A0 is detailed in the top view of FIG. Referring to FIG. 2, the non-excitation elements A1 to A6 have a radius r centered on the half-wave dipole antenna A0. ₂ The printed wiring boards 3a to 3c are provided around the half-wave dipole antenna A0 so as to be arranged on the circumference 801. In this embodiment, six non-excitation elements A1 to A6 are provided, and two adjacent intervals between the non-excitation elements A1 to A6 are r. ₂ be equivalent to.
[0018]
FIG. 3 is a perspective view illustrating a detailed configuration of the printed circuit board 3a of FIG. On the printed wiring board 3a, the printed antenna elements A1a, A1b, A2a and the like are arranged on the surface facing the outside of the ESPAR antenna device 1 (hereinafter referred to as the outer surface; the surface on the other side indicated by the dotted line in FIG. 3). On the other hand, on the printed wiring board 3a, the antenna element is formed on the surface facing the inside of the ESPAR antenna device 1 (hereinafter referred to as an inner surface; in FIG. 3, the front surface indicated by a solid line). Two variable reactance circuits are provided for A1a and A1b, A2a and A2b. Hereinafter, this variable reactance circuit will be described.
[0019]
In the variable reactance circuit of the non-excitation element A1, four electrodes 21, 22, 31, 32 are formed on the inner surface of the printed wiring board 3a so as to be separated from each other. One end on the opposite side of the printed antenna element A1a is connected to an electrode 21 through a through-hole conductor 11 formed in the printed wiring board 3a. This electrode 21 is connected to the cathode of the variable capacitance diode D1, and is several MΩ, for example. Is connected to the electrode 31 through a high-frequency blocking high resistance R1a. The opposite end of the printed antenna element A1b is also connected to the electrode 22 through the through-hole conductor 12, and this electrode 22 is connected to the anode of the variable capacitance diode D1 and has a high resistance for high frequency blocking of several MΩ, for example. It is connected to the electrode 32 via R1b. Furthermore, the electrodes 31 and 32 are respectively connected to applied bias voltage terminals DC + and DC− of a controller (not shown) that controls the directivity of the array antenna device via the pair cable 6a. In the variable reactance circuit configured as described above, the bias voltage applied from the controller is applied to both ends of the variable capacitance diode D1 via the pair cable 6a and the high resistances R1a and R1b. By changing, the junction capacitance value of the variable capacitance diode D1, that is, the reactance value can be changed.
[0020]
Also in the non-excitation element A2, four electrodes 23, 24, 33, and 34, a variable capacitance diode D2, and a high-frequency blocking high resistance R2a, on the inner surface of the printed wiring board 3a, as in the case of the non-excitation element A1. A variable reactance circuit composed of R2b is provided, and the reactance value can be changed by changing the bias voltage to the variable capacitance diode D2 via the pair cable 6b.
[0021]
Further, the variable reactance circuits of the other non-exciting elements A3 to A6 are configured in the same manner as the non-exciting elements A1 and A2 described with reference to FIG.
[0022]
The controller has a function of a variable voltage DC power source, and changes the reverse bias voltage applied to the variable capacitance diodes D1 to D6 connected to the non-excitation elements A1 to A6, thereby changing each of the variable capacitance diodes D1 to D6. By changing the junction capacitance, the electrical length of each of the non-excitation elements A1 to A6 can be changed as compared with the half-wave dipole antenna A0, and the plane directivity characteristics of the array antenna device 1 can be changed. Specifically, when the electrical length of the non-excitation element is set longer than that of the half-wave dipole antenna A0, the non-excitation element operates as a reflector for the half-wave dipole antenna A0, while the non-excitation element When the electrical length of the element is set shorter than that of the half-wave dipole antenna A0, the non-excited element operates as a waveguide with respect to the half-wave dipole antenna A0. Here, an arbitrary plane directivity can be set by operating a part of the plurality of non-excitation elements A1 to A6 as a reflector and another part as a waveguide.
[0023]
In the first embodiment, in a preferred example, when the frequency of a radio signal to be transmitted and received is, for example, about 2.4 GHz, the length l of each printed antenna element A1a to A6b. ₁ Is 3 cm, the length of the printed wiring boards 3a to 3c in the longitudinal direction is about 7 cm, and the radius r in FIGS. ₂ Is set to 3.12 cm.
[0024]
According to the half-wavelength dipole ESPAR antenna device 1 according to the first embodiment configured as described above, the half-wavelengths in which the dielectric substrates 3a, 3b, and 3c on which the non-excitation elements A1 to A6 are formed are excitation elements. Provided around the dipole antenna A0 is an array antenna device that has a simple structure as compared with the ESPAR antenna of the conventional example and can easily form the excitation element and the non-excitation element with high accuracy. be able to. In addition, since the non-excitation elements A1 to A6 are formed on the dielectric substrates 3a, 3b, and 3c, the antenna elements can be easily formed by the printed wiring board forming technique, and the manufacturing process becomes extremely simple. It has a unique advantage.
[0025]
In the first embodiment described above, the three dielectric substrates 3a, 3b, and 3c are provided. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and a plurality of dielectric substrates such as two or four are provided. In addition, the number of non-excitation elements formed on each dielectric substrate is not limited to two, and may be one or more.
[0026]
<Modification of First Embodiment>
FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing a configuration of a half-wave sleeve ESPAR antenna apparatus 11 that uses the half-wave sleeve antenna AS as an excitation antenna element, which is a modification of the first embodiment. The modification is characterized in that a half-wave sleeve antenna AS is provided instead of the half-wave dipole antenna A0 according to the embodiment of FIG. 1, and other configurations are the same as those of the embodiment of FIG. Detailed description thereof will be omitted.
[0027]
In FIG. 4, a half-wave sleeve antenna AS includes an excitation antenna element ASb that is supported by being press-fitted in a vertical direction into a circular hole formed in the center of the dielectric support substrate 4, and a dielectric support material from the excitation antenna element ASb. 7 and an excitation antenna element ASb connected to the excitation antenna element ASb and supported so as to extend in a straight line.
[0028]
FIG. 5 is an enlarged vertical cross-sectional view of a power feeding unit located at the center of the half-wave sleeve antenna AS of FIG. In FIG. 5, the dielectric support material 7 is used to electrically insulate and mechanically connect the opposite ends of the two excitation antenna elements ASa and ASb to each other, and to protect each of the opposite ends. Is provided. In the excitation antenna element ASb, a coaxial cable 40 connected to the radio is built in the sleeve conductor 45 located on the outermost periphery. Here, as shown in the sectional view of FIG. 6, the coaxial cable 40 includes these components 41 to 44 in the order of the center conductor 41, the insulator 42, the outer conductor 43, and the outer covering 44 from the center. Composed. Further, as shown in FIG. 5, the central conductor 41 of the coaxial cable 40 extends from the cut end face and is connected to the opposite end of the excitation antenna element ASa, while the outer conductor 43 is connected to the sleeve conductor via the connection conductor 46. 45 is electrically connected.
[0029]
According to the half-wave sleeve ESPAR antenna device 11 according to the modified example of the first embodiment configured as described above, the same operational effects as those of the first embodiment except that the half-wave sleeve antenna AS is provided. Have
[0030]
<Second Embodiment>
FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing a configuration of a half-wave monopole ESPAR antenna device 100 according to the second embodiment of the present invention. The same components as those in FIGS. 1 to 8 are denoted by the same reference numerals, Detailed description thereof will be omitted. The half-wave monopole ESPAR antenna device 100 according to this embodiment differs from the second embodiment in FIG. 1 in the following points.
(1) A half-wave monopole antenna element AA0 is used instead of the half-wave dipole antenna A0.
(2) The half-wavelength length l, which is a half-wave monopole antenna formed on each printed wiring board 3a, 3b, 3c, respectively, instead of the non-excitation elements A1 to A6. ₄ And non-exciting elements AA1 to AA6 made of a strip-shaped printed antenna element.
[0031]
In the half-wave monopole antenna device 100 configured as described above, the lower end of the half-wave monopole antenna element AA0 serves as a power feeding unit, and the power feeding unit is wirelessly connected via an impedance matching circuit (not shown) and a coaxial cable. The half-wave monopole antenna AA0 is fed to transmit and receive radio signals. Here, when the frequency of the radio signal is 2.4 GHz, each length l of the non-excitation elements AA1 to AA6. ₄ Is, for example, 6 cm. The non-excitation elements AA1 to AA6 have a radius r centered on the half-wave monopole antenna AA0. ₂ The printed wiring boards 3a to 3c are provided around the half-wave monopole antenna AA0 so as to be arranged on the circumference 802. Here, preferably, the spacing between the adjacent elements of the non-excited elements AA1 to AA6 is the length r. ₂ be equivalent to.
[0032]
FIG. 8 is a perspective view showing the variable reactance circuit X101 for the non-excitation element AA1 provided on the printed wiring board 3a of FIG. 7 in more detail. In FIG. 8, the non-excitation element AA1 is formed on the outer surface of the printed wiring board 3a, and the variable reactance circuit of the non-excitation element AA1 is formed on the inner surface of the printed wiring board 3a. Here, the lower end of the non-excitation element AA1 is connected to the electrode 121 formed on the inner surface of the printed wiring board 3a via the through-hole conductor 111. Note that five electrodes 121 to 125 for forming a variable reactance circuit are formed on the inner surface of the printed wiring board 3a so as to be separated from each other. The electrode 121 is connected to the cathode of the variable capacitance diode DA1, and is connected to the applied bias voltage terminal DC + of the controller via, for example, a high resistance RA1a for high frequency blocking of several MΩ, the electrode 122, and the pair cable 106a. The anode of the variable capacitance diode DA1 is connected to the electrode 123, and the electrode 123 is also connected to the applied bias voltage terminal DC− of the controller via a high frequency blocking high resistance RA1b of several MΩ, the electrode 124 and the pair cable 106a, for example. . At the same time, the electrode 123 is grounded in high frequency via the high frequency grounding capacitor C and the electrode 125.
[0033]
In the half-wave monopole ESPAR antenna device 100 according to the second embodiment configured as described above, the excitation element and the non-excitation element operate as a half-wave monopole antenna as compared to the first embodiment. Except for this, it has the same operational effects as the first embodiment.
[0034]
<Third Embodiment>
FIG. 9 is a perspective view showing the configuration of an offset dipole ESPAR antenna device 200 according to the third embodiment of the present invention. Components similar to those in FIGS. Detailed description is omitted. The ESPAR antenna apparatus 200 of the present embodiment differs from the first embodiment of FIG. 1 in the following points. That is, instead of the half-wave dipole antenna A0, an effective length (l ₇ + L ₈ ) Is used.
[0035]
In FIG. 9, the length l from the upper end of the offset dipole antenna AB0. ₇ Of the length from the bottom ₈ (≠ l ₇ The central conductor of the coaxial cable 205 is connected to a feeding point that is a point), and the feeding part is connected to the radio through the coaxial cable 205, whereby the offset dipole antenna AB0 is offset-fed and radio signals are transmitted and received. Is done.
[0036]
The offset dipole ESPAR antenna device 200 according to the third embodiment configured as described above is different from the first embodiment except that the excitation element operates as a half-wavelength offset dipole antenna. It has the same effect as the first embodiment.
[0037]
<Fourth Embodiment>
FIG. 10 is a perspective view showing a configuration of a half-wavelength dipole ESPAR antenna device 300 that is configured only by a printed wiring board according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention. The ESPAR antenna device 300 according to the present embodiment includes not only the non-exciting elements AC1 to AC6 but also the half-wave dipole antenna AC0 that is an exciting element formed on the dielectric support substrate 304 as printed antenna elements. 303c is provided.
[0038]
In FIG. 10, the dielectric support substrate 304 has a radius r. ₃ A rectangular-shaped dielectric substrate having three printed wiring boards 303a, 303b, and 303c that are parallel to each other and that are formed in a direction perpendicular to the dielectric support substrate 304. And supported by a dielectric support substrate 304. Here, non-excitation elements AC1 and AC2 are formed on the printed wiring board 303a, and half-wave dipole antenna AC0 and non-excitation elements AC3 and AC6 as excitation elements are formed on the printed wiring board 303b. The non-excited elements AC4 and AC5 are formed, and these elements AC0 to AC6 are formed by a known printed circuit board process technology.
[0039]
The half-wave dipole antenna AC0 has the same length l ₁ The excitation printed antenna elements AC0a and AC0b are formed so as to be spaced apart from each other by a predetermined distance and extend in a straight line, and are formed at a substantially central portion in the left-right direction of the printed wiring board 303b. The opposite end of each excitation printed antenna element AC0a and AC0b, which is positioned at the approximate center in the vertical direction of the half-wave dipole antenna AC0, is connected to the radio device via the balanced transmission / reception cable 305, so that the half-wave dipole The antenna AC0 is fed to transmit and receive radio signals.
[0040]
On the other hand, the non-excitation elements AC1 have the same length l. ₁ And a strip-shaped printed antenna element AC1a and AC1b that are parallel to the half-wavelength dipole antenna AC0 and spaced apart from each other by a predetermined distance and extend in a straight line. It consists of a half-wave dipole antenna formed on 303a. The non-exciting element AC2 is also composed of a half-wave dipole antenna provided on the printed wiring board 303a with strip-shaped printed antenna elements AC2a and AC2b, and the non-exciting elements AC3 and AC6 are respectively Similar to the non-exciting elements AC1 and AC2, the strip-shaped printed antenna elements AC3a and AC3b, AC6a and AC6b are formed on the printed wiring board 303b together with the half-wavelength dipole antenna AC0, and the non-exciting elements AC4 and AC5 Similarly to the non-excitation elements AC1 to AC2, strip-shaped printed antenna elements AC4a and AC4b, AC5a and AC5b are provided on the printed wiring board 3c.
[0041]
The layout of these printed wiring boards 3a to 3c is detailed in the top view of FIG. Referring to FIG. 11, the non-excitation elements AC1 to AC6 have a radius r about the half-wave dipole antenna AC0. ₂ The printed wiring boards 303a to 303c are provided so as to be parallel to each other so as to be arranged on the circumference 804. In this embodiment, since six non-exciting elements AC1 to AC6 are provided, the spacing between two adjacent non-exciting elements AC1 to AC6 is r. ₂ be equivalent to.
[0042]
10 and 11, each of the non-excitation elements AC1 to AC6 has a variable reactance circuit opposite to the surface on which the printed antenna elements AC1a to AC6a, AC1b to AC6b are formed, as in the first embodiment. It is formed on the side surface.
[0043]
The half-wavelength dipole ESPAR antenna device 300 according to the fourth embodiment configured as described above is different from the first embodiment except that the excitation element is formed as a printed antenna element. In addition to having the same effect as the first embodiment, the half-wave dipole antenna AC0 can be formed simultaneously with the formation of the non-excitation elements AC1 to AC6 on the printed wiring board, so that the manufacturing cost can be further reduced. .
[0044]
In the fourth embodiment described above, the three dielectric substrates 3a, 3b, and 3c are provided. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and at least one excitation element and a plurality of non-excitation elements are formed. A dielectric substrate 3b may be provided. Further, the number of non-excitation elements formed on one dielectric substrate is not limited to two, but may be at least one or any plural number.
[0045]
<Fifth Embodiment>
FIG. 12 is a perspective view showing a configuration of a half-wavelength sleeve ESPAR antenna device 400 configured using a dielectric film 403 according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention. In contrast to the first to fourth embodiments in which the non-excitation elements are formed on the printed wiring board, the present embodiment is characterized in that they are formed on the dielectric film 403.
[0046]
In FIG. 12, the radius r ₂ A half-wave sleeve antenna AD0, which is the same as the half-wave sleeve antenna AS (see FIG. 4) according to the modification of the first embodiment, is vertically provided at the center of the disk-shaped dielectric substrate 405. Reference numeral 403 denotes a flexible dielectric film wound around the outer periphery of the dielectric substrate 405, and 404 is provided in parallel with the dielectric substrate 405 at a substantially central position in the vertical direction of the dielectric film 403. A dielectric support substrate. Each dielectric film 403 has a length l. ₁ Strip antenna elements AD1a to AD6a and AD1b to AD6b are provided. Among these printed antenna elements AD1a to AD6a and AD1b to AD6b, the printed antenna elements AD1a to AD6a are parallel to the excitation antenna element AD0a on the outer periphery of the dielectric film 403 on the upper side of the dielectric support substrate 404. The printed antenna elements AD1b to AD6b are formed on the outer periphery of the dielectric film 403 on the lower side of the dielectric support substrate 404. On top, they are formed so as to be equidistant from each other so as to be parallel to the excitation antenna element AD0b (ie, the longitudinal direction is the vertical direction).
[0047]
The material of the dielectric film 403 is, for example, flexible polyimide or Teflon, and the material of the printed antenna elements AD1a to AD6a and AD1b to AD6b formed on the dielectric film 403 is, for example, copper foil. The printed antenna elements AD1a to AD6a and AD1b to AD6b can be formed on the dielectric film 403 by using a known printed wiring process technology.
[0048]
Next, the variable reactance circuit of the half-wave sleeve ESPAR antenna device 400 will be described below with reference to FIG.
[0049]
First, in the variable reactance circuit for the non-excited element AD1, opposite ends of the printed antenna elements AD1a and AD1b are connected to the cathode and the anode of the variable capacitance diode DD1, respectively. The opposite end of the printed antenna element AD1a is connected to the high-frequency blocking high resistance RD1a, the conductor wiring pattern 951, the high resistance RD1e, the conductor wiring pattern 952, and the high resistance R1c, and the printed antenna element AD1b One end of the opposing side is connected to the high resistance RD1b, the conductor wiring pattern 953, the high resistance RD1f, the conductor wiring pattern 954, and the high resistance RD1d, and the bias voltage terminals DC + and DC applied to the controller via the pair cable 406a, respectively. -And connected. The conductor wiring patterns 951 and 952 and the conductor wiring patterns 953 and 954 are arranged in parallel with the strip antenna element AD1 and the strip antenna element AD6 adjacent thereto. Thus, the variable reactance circuit provided on the dielectric film 403 is similarly formed for the other strip antenna elements AD2 to AD6.
[0050]
In the fifth embodiment configured as described above, the opposite ends of the print antenna elements AD1a to AD6a, AD1b to AD6b are connected to the adjacent print antenna elements (AD1b, AD2b), (AD2b, AD3b), It passes through the central part between (AD3b, AD4b), (AD4b, AD5b), (AD5b, AD6b), (AD6b, AD1b) and is connected to the controller. In this way, by forming the reactance control line in the central portion between the adjacent printed antenna elements, the electromagnetic influence on the reactance control line from the radio signal transmitted and received by the half-wave sleeve ESPAR antenna antenna device 400 is reduced. As little as possible.
[0051]
According to the fifth embodiment configured as described above, the printed antenna elements AD1a to AD6a and AD1b to AD6b constituting the non-excited elements are formed on the dielectric film 403 by the printed wiring technique. It is possible to provide an array antenna device that has a simple structure as compared with an ESPAR antenna and can easily form a non-excitation element.
[0052]
In the above fifth embodiment, the six non-exciting elements AD1 to AD6 are formed on the dielectric film 403. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and a plurality of variable reactance elements can be used as the dielectric film. It may be formed on 403.
[0053]
<First Modification of Fifth Embodiment>
FIG. 13 is a perspective view showing a half-wave sleeve ESPAR antenna device 410 which is a first modification of the fifth embodiment. Components similar to those in FIG. Detailed description is omitted. In the fifth embodiment shown in FIG. 12, the opposite ends of the printed antenna elements AD1a to AD6a, AD1b to AD6b are adjacent to the adjacent printed antenna elements (AD1b, AD2b), (AD2b, AD3b), (AD3b, AD4b). , (AD4b, AD5b), (AD5b, AD6b), (AD6b, AD1b), and is connected to the controller. In this first modification, these two pairs of reactance control lines Are connected to the controller through a central portion between adjacent print antenna elements (AD1b, AD2b), (AD3b, AD4b), (AD5b, AD6b).
[0054]
A variable reactance circuit of the half-wavelength sleeve ESPAR antenna device 401 according to the first modification of the fifth embodiment will be described below with reference to FIG.
[0055]
First, in the variable reactance circuit for the non-excited element AD1, the opposing ends of the printed antenna elements AD1a and AD1b are connected to the cathode and the anode of the variable capacitance diode DD1, respectively. The opposite end of the printed antenna element AD1a is connected to the applied bias voltage terminal DC + of the controller via the high-frequency blocking high resistance RE1a, the conductor wiring pattern 961, the high resistance R12d, the conductor wiring pattern 962, and the high resistance R12a. It is connected. In addition, a variable capacitance diode DD2 is connected to each opposing end of the printed antenna element AD2a of the nonexciting element AD2 adjacent to the nonexciting element AD1, and the opposing end of the printed antenna element AD2a is a high-frequency blocking high resistance RE2a, The conductor wiring pattern 963, the high resistance R12f, the conductor wiring pattern 964, and the high resistance R12c are connected to the voltage terminal DC + of the controller. The opposing one ends of the printed antenna element AD1b of the non-excited element AD1 and the printed antenna element AD2b of the non-excited element AD2 are connected to the high-frequency blocking high resistance RE1b, the conductor wiring pattern 971, and the conductor wiring pattern 981, respectively. A conductor wiring pattern 973, a high resistance RE12e, a conductor wiring pattern 974, and a high resistance R12b provided in a gap between the conductor wiring pattern 961 and the conductor wiring pattern 963 via the resistor RE2b, the conductor wiring pattern 972, and the conductor wiring pattern 982. Is connected to the bias voltage terminal DC− of the controller. These reactance control circuits are arranged in parallel with the non-exciting element AD1 and the non-exciting element AD2 at a substantially central portion of the gap between the non-exciting element AD1 and the non-exciting element AD2.
[0056]
Further, similarly, the opposite one ends of the printed antenna elements AD3a to AD6a are similarly controlled via the control cables 408b and 408c (not shown) similarly to the opposite one ends of the printed antenna elements AD1a and AD2a. The opposite ends of the printed antenna elements AD3b to AD6b are connected to the applied bias voltage terminal DC +, as with the opposite ends of the printed antenna elements AD1b and AD2b, and control cables 408b and 408c (not shown). To the applied bias voltage terminal DC− of the controller.
[0057]
In the first modification of the fifth embodiment configured as described above, two adjacent printed antenna elements (AD1b, AD2b), (AD3b, AD4b), (AD5b) with two pairs of reactance control lines as one set. , AD6b) are connected to the controller through the central portion, so that one control line can be reduced for each set. Similarly to the fifth embodiment, the reactance control line is formed at the center between the adjacent printed antenna elements, so that the reactance can be obtained from the radio signal transmitted and received by the half-wave sleeve ESPAR antenna antenna device 400. The electromagnetic influence on the control line can be minimized.
[0058]
<Second Modification of Fifth Embodiment>
FIG. 14 is a perspective view showing a half-wave sleeve ESPAR antenna device 420 which is a second modification of the fifth embodiment, and the same components as those in FIGS. 12 and 13 are denoted by the same reference numerals. Detailed description thereof will be omitted. The second modification is different from the fifth embodiment in the following points.
(1) One end of each pair of printed antenna elements (AD1a, AD1b), (AD2a, AD2b), (AD3a, AD3b), (AD4a, AD4b), (AD5a, AD5b), (AD6a, AD6b) Are provided with variable reactance circuits X1 to X6 for the non-excitation elements AD1 to AD6, respectively. Details thereof will be described later with reference to FIG.
(2) The pair cables 409a to 409f from the variable reactance circuits X1 to X6 pass through the shield conductors B1 to B6 formed in the sleeve conductor 445 of the half-wave sleeve antenna AD0 as shown in FIG. Provided.
[0059]
FIG. 15 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line BB ′, which is a boundary surface between the dielectric support material 407 of FIG. 14 and the upper surface of the excitation antenna element AD0b, and FIG. 15 is located on the upper surface of the excitation antenna element AD0b. The upper surface of the conductor plate 401 is shown. In FIG. 15, a coaxial cable 440 is provided in the center of the cylindrical sleeve conductor 445 of the excitation antenna element AD0b, and six cylindrical shield conductors are spaced apart from each other at equal intervals. B1 to B6 are provided. In the cross-sectional view of FIG. 15, the sleeve conductor 445 and the shield conductors B <b> 1 to B <b> 6 are indicated by hatching for the convenience of specifying the members. A coaxial cable 440 connected to the radio device includes a center conductor 441, an insulator 442, an outer conductor 443, and an outer sheath (not shown), and the center conductor 441 is one end on the opposite side of the excitation antenna element AD0a. The external conductor 443 is electrically connected to the sleeve conductor 445 through the conductor plate 401. The pair cable 409a from the variable reactance circuit X1 passes through the cylinder of the shield conductor B1 and is connected to the controller. Similarly, the pair cables 409b to 409f from the variable reactance circuits X2 to X6 are respectively shield conductor B2. To B6 through the cylinder and connected to the controller. Note that the inside of the sleeve conductor 445 may be a cavity or may be filled with a dielectric or a conductor.
[0060]
FIG. 16 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a detailed configuration of the variable reactance circuit X1 schematically shown in FIG. In FIG. 16, one end on the opposite side of the printed antenna element AD1a is connected to the cathode of the variable capacitance diode DF1, and a through-hole conductor 411 formed through the dielectric film 403 in the thickness direction, and a dielectric support The electrode 421 formed on the top surface of the substrate 404, the high-frequency blocking high resistance RF1a, and the electrode 422 formed on the top surface of the dielectric support substrate 404 are connected to the DC + side conductor of the pair cable 409a. At the same time, the opposite end of the printed antenna element AD1b is connected to the anode of the variable capacitance diode DF1, and is formed on the bottom surface of the through hole conductor 412, the electrode 423, the high-frequency blocking high resistance RF1b, and the dielectric support substrate 404. The electrode 424 is connected to the DC-side conductor of the pair cable 409a.
[0061]
Further, the variable reactance circuits X2 to X6 are configured similarly to the variable reactance circuit X1 of FIG.
[0062]
In the second modification of the fifth embodiment configured as described above, the pair cables 409a to 409f that are control cables are passed through the cylinders of the shield conductors B1 to B6 that are electromagnetically ground, respectively. The electromagnetic influence on the reactance control line from the radio signal transmitted and received by the half-wave sleeve ESPAR antenna device 400 can be reduced as much as possible.
[0063]
<Sixth Embodiment>
FIG. 17 is a perspective view showing a configuration of a half-wavelength monopole ESPAR antenna device 500 that is configured using a dielectric film 403 according to the sixth embodiment of the present invention, and is similar to FIG. Are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof is omitted. In FIG. 17, the variable reactance circuit is not shown. The half-wave monopole ESPAR antenna antenna device 500 according to the sixth embodiment shown in FIG. 17 is different from the fifth embodiment of FIG. 12 in the following points. That is, a half-wave monopole antenna element AE0 is provided instead of the half-wave sleeve antenna AD0.
[0064]
Here, the lower end of the half-wavelength monopole antenna element AE0 is supported by the dielectric mounting board 405, and the center portion in the longitudinal direction of the half-wavelength monopole antenna element AE0 is formed at the center of the dielectric support board 404. The circular holes are press-fitted and supported by the dielectric support substrate 404.
[0065]
According to the sixth embodiment configured as described above, there are the same functions and effects as those of the fifth embodiment except that the excitation element operates with the half-wave monopole antenna element AE0.
[0066]
<Seventh Embodiment>
FIG. 18 is a perspective view showing a configuration of an offset dipole ESPAR antenna device 600 configured by using a dielectric film 403 according to the seventh embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 18 is the same as FIG. Are given the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof is omitted. Also in FIG. 18, the variable reactance circuit is not shown. The half-wavelength offset dipole ESPAR antenna antenna device 600 according to the seventh embodiment shown in FIG. 18 differs from the fifth embodiment of FIG. 12 in the following points.
(1) An offset dipole antenna AF0 is provided instead of the half-wave sleeve antenna AD0.
[0067]
Here, the lower end of the offset dipole antenna AF0 is supported by the dielectric mounting substrate 405, and the central portion in the longitudinal direction of the offset dipole antenna AF0 is press-fitted into a circular hole formed at the center of the dielectric support substrate 404. And supported by the dielectric support substrate 404. Also, the length l from the upper end of the offset dipole antenna AF0 ₇ At a position from the lower end to the length l ₈ A feeding point is provided at a position offset from the central portion, and the feeding is performed by connecting the central conductor of the coaxial cable 640 to the feeding point. By adjusting this offset length, the power supply impedance on the antenna device 600 side is matched with the power supply impedance of the coaxial cable 640 to match the impedance, thereby reducing the power supply loss.
[0068]
According to the seventh embodiment configured as described above, the same operational effects as those of the fifth embodiment are obtained except that the excitation element operates with the offset dipole antenna AF0.
[0069]
<Eighth Embodiment>
FIG. 19 is a perspective view showing a configuration of a ¼ wavelength monopole ESPAR antenna device 700 configured using a dielectric film 703 and a conductor skirt plate 704 according to an eighth embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, a 1/4 wavelength monopole antenna, 1/4 wavelength printed antenna elements AG1 to AG6 formed on a dielectric film 703, a ground conductor plate 751 (FIG. 20), and a ground conductor skirt plate And 704.
[0070]
In FIG. 19, along the outer periphery of the disk-shaped dielectric substrate 705, the height l ₁ (= 1/4 wavelength) cylindrical grounding conductor skirt plate 704 is provided so as to be wound, and the cylindrical upper surface of grounding conductor skirt plate 704 is covered with disc-shaped grounding conductor plate 751 (see FIG. 20). The ground conductor skirt plate 704 and the ground conductor plate 751 operate as a ground conductor of the antenna device 700. A conductor cylinder 745 that accommodates the coaxial cable 740 and the pair cables 706a and 706d (see FIG. 20) is press-fitted into a circular hole formed at the center of the dielectric substrate 705 and the ground conductor plate 751. It is supported by the installation board 705 and the ground conductor plate 751. Further, the quarter-wave monopole antenna AG0 that is an excitation element is provided by being supported in the vertical direction from the coaxial cable 740 via the dielectric support material 707 so as to be positioned above the center portion of the ground conductor plate 751. It is done.
[0071]
Furthermore, the dielectric film 703 has a length of 2l. ₁ For example, the ground conductor skirt plate 704 is bonded and fixed to the ground conductor skirt plate 704 so as to wind around the outer periphery and the upper side of the ground conductor skirt plate 704. On the outer peripheral surface of the dielectric film 703, facing the quarter-wave monopole antenna AG0 (so that their longitudinal directions are parallel to each other in the vertical direction) and spaced apart from each other at equal intervals, The strip-shaped printed antenna elements AG1 to AG6 constituting the non-excited element have a radius r centered on the quarter-wave monopole antenna AG0. ₂ It is formed on the circumference. The printed antenna elements AG1 to AG6 are respectively connected to variable reactance circuits XG1 to XG6 formed on the dielectric film 703. The pair cables 706a to 706f from the variable reactance circuits XG1 to XG6 are cylinders of a conductor cylinder 745. Connected to the controller via the inside.
[0072]
The dielectric film 703 is made of, for example, flexible polyimide or Teflon, and the printed antenna elements AG1 to AG6 formed on the dielectric film 703 are made of, for example, copper foil. Further, the printed antenna elements AG1 to AG6 can be formed on the dielectric film 703 by using a printed wiring process technique.
[0073]
FIG. 20 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a detailed configuration of the quarter-wave monopole antenna AG0 and variable reactance circuits XG1 and XG4 of FIG. As shown in FIG. 20, the ground conductor plate 751 is connected to the upper edge of the conductor cylinder 745, and the upper edge of the conductor cylinder 745 is connected to the shield conductors BG1, BG4, etc. and the coaxial cable 740 via the ground conductor 752. The outer conductor 743 is connected. The coaxial cable 740 includes a center conductor 741, an insulator 742, an outer conductor 743, and an outer covering 744, and the center conductor 741 is connected to the lower end of the quarter-wave monopole antenna AG0. The external conductor 743 is connected to the ground conductor plate 751 through the shield conductors BG1, BG4 and the like and the ground conductor 752. Note that the space between the ground conductor skirt plate 704 and the conductor cylinder 745 and the space between the conductor cylinder 745 and the shield conductors BG1, BG4, etc. may be hollow or filled with a predetermined dielectric or conductor. May be.
[0074]
Next, the circuit configuration of the variable reactance circuit XG1 located on the right side of FIG. 20 will be described. One end of the printed antenna element AG1 is connected to the cathode of the variable-capacitance diode DG1, and the controller via the through-hole conductor 711, the electrode 721, the high-frequency blocking high resistance RG1a, the electrode 722, and the pair cable 706a. Connected to the applied bias voltage terminal DC +. On the other hand, the anode of the variable capacitance diode DG1 is connected to the bias voltage terminal DC applied to the controller via the electrode 726, the high-frequency blocking high resistance RG1b, the electrode 727, the through-hole conductor 713, the electrode 724, and the pair cable 706a. Connected to-. Further, the electrode 723 is connected to the electrode 725 via the high frequency grounding capacitor CG1, and further, the electrode 725 is connected to the ground conductor plate 751 by the solder 735, whereby the variable capacitance diode DG1 connected to the electrode 723 is connected. The anode is grounded at a high frequency.
[0075]
Further, as shown in FIG. 20, the circuit configuration of the variable reactance circuit XG4 located on the left side of FIG. 20 is the same as that of the variable reactance circuit XG1, and the variable reactance circuits XG2, XG3, XG5, and XG6 are , The same as the variable reactance circuits XG1 and XG4 described above.
[0076]
According to the eighth embodiment configured as described above, the non-excited printed antenna elements AG1 to AG6 are formed on the dielectric film 703 using the printed wiring technique, and the ground conductor plate 751 and the ground conductor skirt are formed. Since the plate 704 is operated as a ground conductor of the antenna device 700 provided with the ¼ wavelength monopole antenna AG0, the structure is simpler than that of the conventional ESPAR antenna, and an excitation element or non-excitation is performed. It is possible to provide an array antenna device in which elements can be easily formed.
[0077]
In the above eighth embodiment, six printed antenna elements AG1 to AG6 are formed on the dielectric film 703. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and a plurality of arbitrary printed antenna elements are formed. Also good.
[0078]
<Other variations>
FIG. 21 is a diagram showing various modifications in place of the strip-shaped printed antenna elements used in the above-described embodiments and modifications. FIG. 21A shows a bow-tie antenna element 901, and FIG. FIG. 22B shows a loop type antenna element 902, and FIG. 22C shows a double loop type antenna element 903.
[0079]
The bow-tie antenna element 901 in FIG. 21A is formed with a narrow width at one end of each opposing side, which is a power feeding unit connected to the variable reactance circuit, while increasing the width toward the other end. The other end is formed wide so that it has a “bow tie” shape which is the shape of a so-called bow tie.
[0080]
In addition, the loop antenna element 902 in FIG. 21B is configured by, for example, a substantially rectangular loop conductor having a length of one wavelength per circle, and a place where one loop is cut serves as a feeding point, and this has a variable reactance. The circuit is connected.
[0081]
Furthermore, the double loop antenna element 903 of FIG. 21C is configured to have a shape in which two circular small loops each having a circumference equal to ½ wavelength are connected to each other. A connection point of the small loop becomes a feeding point, and a variable reactance circuit is connected to this.
[0082]
FIG. 22 shows a logarithmic periodic antenna element 904 which is a modification of the printed antenna element according to the present invention. The logarithmic periodic antenna 904 of FIG. 22 includes an upper element portion 911 and a lower element portion 912, and each of the element portions 911 and 912 is an opposite-side end that is a power feeding portion connected to a variable reactance circuit. Feeding elements 921 and 931 extending in a straight line toward the other end in opposite directions from each other, and a zigzag folded shape from the feeding section toward the other end, which is wider toward the other end and the folding interval is logarithmically periodic. And folding elements 922 and 932 formed so as to be spread out. Here, the crossing point between the feeding element 921 and the folding element is the distance from the upper end to the next crossing point (hereinafter referred to as the first crossing point), where L is the length of the feeding element 921 in the longitudinal direction. Since the length from the first crossing point to the lower end of the feed element 921 is 2 / 3L, the length from the first crossing point to the next crossing point is that length. It is set to 2 / 9L, and is set similarly in the following. The lower element unit 912 is similarly set.
[0083]
【The invention's effect】
As described in detail above, according to the array antenna apparatus of the present invention, in the ESPAR antenna of the conventional example, at least one dielectric substrate on which at least one of a plurality of non-excitation elements is formed is provided as the excitation element. Or a first dielectric substrate on which at least one of a plurality of non-excitation elements is formed, or a dielectric on which at least one of the plurality of non-excitation elements is formed. Provided is an array antenna device that has a simple structure as compared with the conventional ESPAR antenna and can easily form excitation elements and non-excitation elements because the body film is provided around the excitation elements. Can do. In addition, since the excitation element and the non-excitation element are formed on the dielectric substrate or dielectric film by the technique of forming the printed wiring board, the antenna element can be easily formed with high accuracy, and the manufacturing process Has the particular advantage of being very simple.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a configuration of a half-wave dipole ESPAR antenna device 1 configured by using printed wiring boards 3a to 3c according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
2 is a top view of the half-wave dipole ESPAR antenna device 1 of FIG. 1. FIG.
3 is a perspective view showing a detailed configuration of a printed circuit board 3a in FIG. 1. FIG.
FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing a configuration of a half-wave sleeve ESPAR antenna device 10 using a half-wave sleeve antenna AS as an excitation antenna element, which is a modification of the first embodiment.
5 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a power feeding unit located at the center of the half-wave sleeve antenna AS of FIG. 4;
6 is a cross-sectional view taken along the plane AA ′ of the excitation antenna element ASb of FIG. 5;
FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing a configuration of a half-wavelength monopole ESPAR antenna device 100 configured by using printed wiring boards 3a to 3c according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
8 is a perspective view showing a detailed configuration of a variable reactance circuit X101 provided on the printed wiring board 3a of FIG.
FIG. 9 is a perspective view showing a configuration of an offset dipole ESPAR antenna device 200 configured by using printed wiring boards 3a to 3c according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 10 is a perspective view showing a configuration of a half-wavelength dipole ESPAR antenna device 300 configured by using printed wiring boards 303a to 303c according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
11 is a top view of the half-wave dipole ESPAR antenna device 300 of FIG.
FIG. 12 is a perspective view showing a configuration of a half-wave sleeve ESPAR antenna device 400 configured using a dielectric film 403 according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 13 is a perspective view showing a half-wave sleeve ESPAR antenna device 410 which is a first modification of the fifth embodiment.
FIG. 14 is a perspective view showing a half-wave sleeve ESPAR antenna device 420 which is a second modification of the fifth embodiment.
15 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line BB ′, which is a boundary surface between the dielectric support material 407 of FIG. 14 and the upper surface of the excitation antenna element AD0b.
16 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a detailed configuration of the variable reactance circuit X1 of FIG.
FIG. 17 is a perspective view showing a configuration of a half-wavelength monopole ESPAR antenna device 500 configured using a dielectric film 403 according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 18 is a perspective view illustrating a configuration of an offset dipole ESPAR antenna device 600 configured using a dielectric film 403 according to a seventh embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 19 is a perspective view showing a configuration of a quarter-wave monopole ESPAR antenna device 700 configured using a dielectric film 703 and a conductor skirt plate 704 according to an eighth embodiment of the present invention.
20 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a detailed configuration of a quarter-wave monopole antenna AG0 and variable reactance circuits XG1 and XG4 on the CC ′ plane in FIG. 19;
FIG. 21 is a plan view showing a modified example of the printed antenna element according to the present invention, in which FIG. 21A is a plan view showing a bow-tie antenna element 901, and FIG. FIG. 4C is a plan view showing a double loop antenna element 903.
FIG. 22 is a plan view showing a log periodic antenna element 904 which is a modification of the printed antenna element according to the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 ... Half wavelength dipole ESPAR antenna device,
2 ... Electric insulator,
3a to 3c ... printed circuit board,
4 ... dielectric support substrate,
5 ... Balanced transmission / reception cable,
6a, 6b ... Pair cable,
7 ... dielectric support material,
10: Half-wave sleeve ESPAR antenna device,
11 to 14 ... through-hole conductors,
40 ... Coaxial cable,
45 ... Sleeve conductor,
100: Half-wave dipole ESPAR antenna device,
106a ... Pair cable,
200: Offset dipole ESPAR antenna device,
205 ... Coaxial cable,
300 ... half-wave dipole ESPAR antenna device,
303a to 303c ... printed circuit board,
304 ... dielectric support substrate,
305 ... balanced transmission / reception cable,
400, 410, 420 ... half-wave dipole ESPAR antenna device,
401 ... conductor plate,
403 ... dielectric film,
404 ... dielectric support substrate,
405 ... Dielectric substrate,
406a to 406f, 409a to 409f ... Pair cable,
408a to 408c ... control cable,
407 ... dielectric support material,
440 ... Coaxial cable,
445 ... Sleeve conductor,
500 ... half-wave monopole ESPAR antenna device,
600: Half-wave dipole ESPAR antenna device,
640 ... Coaxial cable,
700 ... 1/4 wavelength monopole ESPAR antenna device,
703 ... dielectric film,
704 ... Ground conductor skirt plate,
705 ... Dielectric substrate
706a to 706f ... Pair cable,
707 ... dielectric support material,
740 ... Coaxial cable,
745 ... a conductor cylinder,
751 ... Ground conductor plate,
A0: Half-wave dipole antenna,
A0a, A0b, Asa, ASb ... excitation antenna elements,
A1 to A6, AA1 to AA6 ... non-excited elements,
A1a to A6a, A1b to A6b ... printed antenna elements,
AA0: Half-wave monopole antenna element,
AB0: Offset dipole antenna,
AC0: Half-wave dipole antenna,
AC0a, AC0b ... excited printed antenna elements,
AC1 to AC6 ... non-excited elements,
AC1a to AC6a, AC1b to AC6b ... printed antenna elements,
AD0 ... half-wave sleeve antenna,
AD0a, AD0b ... excited antenna elements,
AE0: half-wave monopole antenna,
AF0: half-wavelength offset dipole antenna,
AG0: 1/4 wavelength monopole antenna,
AG1 to AG6 ... printed antenna elements,
AS: Half-wave sleeve antenna,
B1 to B6, BG1 to BG6 ... shield conductors,
D1, D2, DA1, DD1, DD2, DF1, DG1, DG4 ... variable capacitance diodes,
X1 to X6, XG1 to XG6 ... variable reactance circuits.

Claims (3)

An excitation element that transmits and receives radio signals, a plurality of non-excitation elements that are provided apart from the excitation elements by a predetermined interval and that does not transmit and receive radio signals, and a variable reactance element connected to each of the non-excitation elements In the array antenna device that changes the directivity of the array antenna device by changing the reactance value of the variable reactance element,
A plurality of non-excitation elements are formed on a dielectric film so as to be parallel to each other,
A variable reactance element connected to a connection point at one end of each non-excitation element is formed on the dielectric film,
A circular first support substrate is provided so as to be orthogonal to the dielectric film and extend from a connection point of the non-excitation elements,
A control signal transmission pair cable connected to each of the variable reactance elements is wired along the first support substrate,
A cylindrical first sleeve conductor having a first diameter so as to be substantially parallel to the longitudinal direction of the excitation element at a position where the excitation element is formed and at a central portion of the first support substrate. Provided,
A plurality of cylindrical second sleeves having a second diameter smaller than the first diameter in the cylinder of the first sleeve conductor and substantially parallel to the longitudinal direction of the excitation element Provide conductors,
Wiring each control signal transmission pair cable routed along the first support substrate into each second sleeve conductor;
The dielectric film is disposed around the excitation element and substantially orthogonal to the first support substrate and the circular second support substrate, and each of the non-excitation elements substantially corresponds to the excitation element. An array antenna device, wherein the array antenna device is supported by being wound around an outer periphery of the first support substrate and an outer periphery of the second support substrate so as to be parallel to each other. It said excitation element and each parasitic element are each dipole antenna, the first support substrate and the array antenna apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said second supporting substrate are each dielectric substrate. It said excitation element and each parasitic element are each monopole antenna, the first support substrate is a ground conductor substrate, according to claim 1, wherein the second support substrate is a dielectric substrate The described array antenna device.

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