JP3817254B2 - Ground improvement device - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a ground improvement device for improving the ground by stirring and mixing solidified materials such as cement and lime and soil while excavating the ground prior to the foundation work of a structure or the like, and in particular, a construction machine such as a backhoe. In the ground improvement device of the type in which the construction head is attached to the machine as a base machine (base machine), the present invention relates to a structure of a stirring blade to be attached to a chain that is driven around.

As this type of technology, for example, as described in Patent Document 1, a so-called trencher type construction head is supported at the tip of an arm of a construction machine such as a backhoe, and the driving wheel of the construction head and the follower are supported. A chain with a plurality of stirring blades is wound around and supported between the moving wheels, and the chain is driven to rotate around in the ground so that it is stirred and mixed while excavating the ground with the stirring blades. There is. The construction head includes a solidifying material discharge means, and the solidifying material is charged in parallel with the excavation and the stirring and mixing process.
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-336067

  In the ground improvement method using such a chain loop drive system, the chain rotation direction is switched at an appropriate timing, and the forward rotation and reverse rotation are repeated several times for further uniform ground improvement quality. It is preferred.

  However, in the conventional ground improvement device, it is not considered to forward and reverse the chain, especially because the structure of the stirring blade is a shape that is presumed to be driven in a specific direction along with the chain, When the chain is reversed, not only sufficient stirring and mixing cannot be performed, but also the earth pressure resistance applied to the stirring blade becomes extremely large, and the intended purpose may not be achieved.

  The present invention has been made paying attention to such a problem. In particular, even when the agitating blade mounted on the chain is positively or reversely driven, whether the forward rotation or the reverse rotation is performed. In any case, an object of the present invention is to provide a structure of a stirring blade capable of performing a sufficient stirring and mixing process.

  The invention according to claim 1 includes a construction head attached to the arm tip of the mother machine, and the construction head wraps an endless chain between a driving wheel at the upper part of the frame and a driven wheel at the lower part of the frame, A ground improvement device in which a plurality of stirring blades are attached to a chain at a predetermined pitch, and these stirring blades are moved together with the chain in the ground to excavate the ground and perform the stirring and mixing process. The stirring blade includes a blade substrate that is substantially perpendicular to the surface of the construction ground, a plurality of excavation blade portions that project substantially perpendicular to the blade substrate and have sharp cutting edges on both sides in the circumferential direction, and the blade A back blade projecting along the longitudinal direction on the back side of the substrate, and the stirring blade is shaped to have the same amount of work both when the chain is rotated forward and when it is reversed Characterized in that are constant.

  That is, in the invention described in claim 1, the function is divided into the excavation blade part and the back blade, and the excavation blade part has a function of the excavation blade or the cutting blade that actively bites into the ground, while the back blade has the function. Has a function to increase the mixing and stirring efficiency with the solidified material by positively pushing away the soil immediately after unraveling or cutting.

  Here, the construction head as a base body may be of any type as long as it is of a type in which the stirring blade mounted on the chain is moved around with the chain. Further, it is not always necessary that the plurality of stirring blades mounted on the same chain have the same shape, and a plurality of types having different shapes are mixed as long as the conditions described in claim 1 are satisfied. You may let them. On the other hand, as a mother machine, as described in claim 7, an excavation system construction machine such as a backhoe is used.

  In addition, as described in claim 2, it is desirable for reducing the earth pressure resistance that the central portion of the blade width in the circumferential direction in the excavation blade portion is a concave shape, and further loosened by excavation or cutting. In order to efficiently push the earth and sand immediately after by the back blade, it is desirable that the sharp cutting edges on both sides of the excavation blade portion protrude in the circumferential direction from the blade substrate.

  More specifically, as described in claim 3, the excavation blade portion includes a cutting blade having sharp cutting edges on both sides in the circumferential direction, and a blade interposed between the cutting blade and the blade substrate. In order to further reduce earth pressure resistance, it is configured as a constricted shape by setting the cutting blade thickness dimension larger than the blade mounting plate thickness dimension when viewed from the circumferential direction. desirable.

  Here, as described in claim 4, at least two or more excavation blade portions are arranged on the blade substrate, and a plurality of types of stirring blades having different lengths of the blade substrate and attachment positions of the excavation blade portions are mixed. When arranged in the circumferential direction, excavation in the entire cross section corresponding to the maximum length of the stirring blade can be performed in a so-called one pass at least during one rotation of the chain.

  According to the function of the back blade described above, as described in claim 5, it is desirable that the blade substrate and the back blade have a bilaterally symmetric shape when viewed from the circumferential direction. As described, it is desirable that the back blade is disposed over the entire length of the stirring blade when viewed from the circumferential direction.

  Therefore, in at least the invention described in claim 1, there is no difference in the stirring and mixing performance between the case where each stirring blade is rotated together with the chain and the case where the stirring blade is reversed. Regardless, the same stirring and mixing process can be performed.

  According to the first aspect of the present invention, when the chain is driven to rotate in the forward direction and the reverse direction, each stirring blade has the same work amount, that is, the same work amount regardless of whether it is forward rotation or reverse rotation. In addition to further improving the mixing efficiency and ground improvement quality, the cutting blades of the cutting blades are formed with a sharp angle in advance. It is easy to maintain the shape and it can be expected to extend its life.

  In addition, due to the presence of the back blade, the discharge of the solidified material is performed smoothly, and the solidified material is spread evenly to the tip of the stirring blade, so that the stirring and mixing quality is further improved. In this way, if the blade substrate and the back blade are symmetrically formed, or if the back blade is arranged over the entire length of the stirring blade as described in claim 6, the above-mentioned effect of improving the stirring and mixing quality can be obtained. Become prominent.

  According to the second aspect of the present invention, the central portion of the blade width in the circulation direction in the excavation blade portion has a concave shape, and the sharp cutting edges on both sides are in the circulation direction than the blade substrate, respectively. Due to the overhang, not only the earth pressure resistance can be reduced, but also the excavation efficiency by the excavation blades is improved.

According to the invention described in claim 3, the excavation blade portion is formed by the cutting blade and the blade mounting plate and has a so-called constricted shape,
According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, the excavation blade portion oscillates substantially in the width direction of the processing width without the excavation blade portion always passing through the same position, and at least during one rotation of the chain. Excavation over the entire cross section of the processing width corresponding to the maximum length of the agitating blade can be performed in a so-called single pass, which can contribute to further improvement in excavation efficiency and agitation mixing efficiency and uniform processing quality.

  In addition, according to the invention described in claim 7, by using a drilling construction machine such as a backhoe as a base machine, there is an advantage that not only a large and expensive dedicated base machine is required but also excellent mobility.

  1 and the following drawings show a preferred embodiment of the ground improvement device according to the present invention.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the ground improvement device 1 is formed by using a backhoe 2, which is a construction machine, as a base machine (base machine), and a so-called trencher for excavating and mixing the soil at the tip of the arm 3. A so-called chain drive type construction head 4 is detachably mounted.

  The construction head 4 wraps an endless drive chain 8 between a drive wheel 6 such as a chain sprocket at the upper part of the frame 5 and a driven wheel 7 such as a chain sprocket at the lower part of the frame 5 and As shown in FIG. 2, a plurality of stirring blades 9 are mounted at an equal pitch, and each of the stirring blades 9 is provided with a plurality of cutting blades (cutters) 12 that form excavation blade portions 22 as will be described later. It has been. Further, a solidifying material discharge device (not shown) is provided at the front end of the frame 5 so that, for example, a powdery or slurry-like solidifying material that has been pumped by a cloud pump or the like is discharged.

  Then, by starting the hydraulic motor 10 provided at the upper part of the frame 5, each stirring blade 9 moves around together with the drive chain 8, and at the same time, the construction head 4 itself penetrates into the ground by the thrust of the backhoe 2. As a result, the agitation and mixing with the solidifying material is performed while excavating the soil.

  FIG. 3 shows the details of the agitating blade 9. FIG. 3A is a plan view thereof, FIG. 3B is a front view of FIG. 1A, and FIG. Sectional views along the aa line of B) are shown respectively.

  As shown in FIGS. 3A to 3C, on the surface side of the flat blade substrate 11, a plurality of cutting blades 12 and blade mounting plates 13 (5 in the illustrated example) are formed along the longitudinal direction. The excavation blade portion 22 of the sheet is projected in a substantially upright posture. Each cutting blade 12 is formed in a substantially flat inverted trapezoidal shape, and acute cutting edges 12a are formed at both ends in the circumferential direction. Each cutting blade 12 is fixed to the blade substrate 11 by welding via the blade mounting plate 13 in order to secure the blade edge (height from the blade substrate 11 to the cutting blade 12a) to some extent. The width dimension b11 (= width dimension b1 on the base side of the cutting blade 12) in the circumferential direction of the mounting plate 13 is smaller than the blade width dimension (dimension formed by the cutting edges 12a and 12a) b2 of the cutting blade 12. (B2> b1 = b11). That is, the cutting blades 12 a on both sides of the cutting blade 12 are set so as to protrude from the blade substrate 11 in the circumferential direction. Further, the blade width dimension b2 formed by the cutting edges 12a and 12a is set to be larger than the blade thickness dimension c2 (b2> c2), and the end of the cutting blade 12 opposite to the blade substrate 11 is disposed. The blade thickness dimension c2 in the direction orthogonal to the blade width direction is set to be larger than the thickness dimension c1 of the blade mounting plate 13 (c2> c1), and the effective blade length d1 of the cutting blade 12 is It is set to be larger than the blade thickness dimension c2 (d1> c2).

  A plurality of reinforcing plates 14 and 15 and a back blade 16 are welded and fixed to both front and back surfaces of the blade substrate 11, and a link plate 17 that forms a part of the drive chain 8 is welded and fixed to the back side. Thus, the drive chain 8 constituted by these link plates 17 and pins or the like meshes with the drive wheel 6 or the driven wheel 7 such as a chain sprocket.

  Here, the blade substrate 11 which is the main body of the stirring blade 9 is set so as to be substantially perpendicular to the construction ground G in the construction posture of the construction head 4 as shown in FIG. In addition to the 12 individual shapes, the shape of the agitating blade 9 as a whole is such that the work amount is the same when the drive chain 8 is rotated forward and when it is reversed, that is, it is forward rotation or reverse rotation. Regardless of this, the center blade C that bisects the stirring blade 9 in the chain circumferential direction is symmetric about the center line C so that the amount of displacement of the individual cutting blade 12 and the stirring blade 9 as a whole is equal. Is formed.

  According to the ground improvement device provided with the stirring blade 9 having such a structure, in the process in which the plurality of stirring blades 9 circulate together with the drive chain 8, excavation of the soil to be ground improvement and stirring and mixing with the solidified material. However, as described above, since the shape of each cutting blade 12 and the shape of the stirring blade 9 as a whole are symmetrical in the circumferential direction, the drive chain 8 is positively Even when the forward / reverse operation is performed, the work amount of each cutting blade 12 and the stirring blade 9, that is, the amount of displacement of the soil does not change at the time of forward rotation and reverse rotation, and the same earth pressure resistance is maintained. Both will get the same amount of work.

  Further, the cutting blades 12 at both ends in the longitudinal direction of the stirring blade 9 function as a so-called side cutter, and the actual construction area and the unmodified area are clearly separated by the cutting action of the cutting blade 12. In addition, since the cutting blade 12a of the cutting blade 12 has an acute angle, even if it is worn, the original function of the cutting blade 12a can be maintained for a long time, and the width dimension b1 of the blade mounting plate 13 is Since the side surface area is made smaller than the width dimension b2, the side pressure acting on the blade mounting plate 13 during construction can be reduced as much as possible to reduce earth pressure resistance.

  In addition, the back blade 16 passes through the portion closest to the solidifying material discharge port while rotating around, and the height of the back blade 16 is set so that, for example, the gap formed with the solidifying material discharge port is within about 100 mm. Is determined, the solidified material is discharged smoothly, and the solidified material is evenly distributed to the tip of the stirring blade 9, so that the stirring and mixing quality is further improved.

  4A to 4D show a modification of the cutting blade 12 which is a main element of the excavation blade portion 22 shown in FIG. 3, and the blade width b2 between the cutting blades 12a and 12a (see FIG. 4). 3 (see (C)), a trapezoidal or arcuate recess 18 is formed at the center, and there is an advantage that the resistance at the time of cutting the soil can be further reduced. In this case, as shown in FIG. 5, it is desirable to set the effective cutting edge H of each cutting blade 12 larger than the actual cutting depth of the soil in order to reduce the cutting resistance.

  6A and 6B show still another modified example of the cutting blade 12 which is a main element of the excavation blade portion 22, and a recess 18 is formed in the center portion of the blade width and the blade mounting plate 13 is formed. The cutting blades 12 are directly welded and fixed to the blade substrate 11 without using both of them. In this case, there is an advantage that a larger effective blade length (H dimension in FIG. 5) of the cutting blade 12 can be secured.

  7 to 9 show other examples of stirring blades as second to fourth embodiments of the present invention.

  In the second embodiment shown in FIGS. 7 (A) and 7 (B), in the form of ribs orthogonal to the adjacent cutting blades 12 and 12 at both longitudinal ends of the blade substrate 11 of the stirring blade 19. The auxiliary blade 20 protrudes, and in particular, when the hard ground is constructed, the auxiliary blade 20 contributes to improving the strength of the cutting blade 12 and smoothing the stirring and mixing, and the auxiliary blade 20 itself also exhibits a kneading function. Therefore, there is an advantage that the mixing efficiency is increased and further improvement in processing quality can be expected.

  Further, in the third embodiment shown in FIGS. 8A and 8B, separately from the plurality of cutting blades 12 and auxiliary blades 20 forming the stirring blades 29, the blade substrate 11 is rotated in the circumferential direction. On the other hand, a plurality of kneading blades 21 inclined at a predetermined angle are provided. In the third embodiment, since the projected area in the circumferential direction is increased by the newly set kneading blade 21, the earth pressure resistance is also increased, but the stirring and mixing performance is further improved. This is particularly convenient when constructing soft ground.

  In the fourth embodiment shown in FIGS. 9A and 9B, the cutting blades 12 are provided only at both longitudinal ends of the blade substrate 31 of the stirring blade 39, and a plurality of blades 31 are provided at the center of the blade substrate 31. While the long auxiliary blades 32 and 33 and the kneading blade 21 are provided, the blade substrate 31 is curved so that both end portions of the stirring blade 39 are located outside the central portion. In the case of this embodiment, there is an advantage that the super-soft ground can be easily captured by the stirring blade 39 as a whole, particularly when the super-soft ground such as a wetland is constructed.

  FIG. 10 is a development view of a drive chain equipped with a plurality of stirring blades as a fifth embodiment of the present invention. In the fifth embodiment, for example, five types of stirring blades 9, 9A, 9B, 9C, and 9D with the overall length and the number of cutting blades 12 varied based on the stirring blade 9 having the structure shown in FIG. The five types of agitating blades 9, 9A, 9B, 9C, 9D are arranged in a common drive chain 8 so that the length thereof increases stepwise or decreases stepwise in the chain circumferential direction. They are aligned and installed.

  According to this embodiment, in the process in which each stirring blade 9, 9A, 9B, 9C, 9D moves around together with the drive chain 8, each cutting blade 12 does not always pass through the same position, but the stirring blade 9, Since it is in the form of positive and repeated meandering (oscillating operation) in the longitudinal direction of 9A, 9B, 9C, 9D, the stirring and mixing performance or stirring and mixing quality is further improved.

  11, 12, and 13 show a modification of the stirring blade shown in FIG. 9 as the sixth embodiment of the present invention.

  The stirring blades 49 shown in FIGS. 11A to 11C are obtained by reversing the bending direction of the blade substrate 41 corresponding to the substrate of the stirring blade 39 in FIG. The stirring blade 59 shown in C) is obtained by changing the position and number of the kneading part blades 21 while keeping the blade substrate 51 in a flat shape without curving. 13 (A) to 13 (C), the blade substrate 61 itself of the stirring blade 69 is bent so as to have a substantially U-shaped cross section including the auxiliary blade 62 along its longitudinal direction, and a plurality of cutting blades are formed thereon. 12 is added.

  In the case of the stirring blades shown in FIGS. 11 to 13, a plurality of stirring blades having the same structure are not provided in the common drive chain 8, but a plurality of kinds of stirring blades are provided in the common drive chain, for example, as shown in FIG. The wings shall be installed in a mixed manner.

  That is, FIG. 14 is a development view when the drive chain 8 is wound around two rows between the driving wheel 6 and the driven wheel 7 shown in FIG. 1, and a plurality of types shown in FIGS. The agitating blades 39, 49, 59, and 69 are sequentially attached to the drive chain 8 in a regular or irregular arrangement, while the agitating blades 39, 49, 59, and 69 are arranged between the two drive chains 8 and 8. , That is, any one of the stirring blades 39, 49, 59, 69 of the other drive chain 8 is positioned between the arrangement pitches of the stirring blades 39, 49, 59, 69 in one drive chain 8. Thus, the arrangement of the stirring blades 39, 49, 59, 69 in both drive chains 8, 8 is alternately arranged.

  For example, the stirring blade 39 shown in FIG. 9 is the B type, the stirring blade 49 shown in FIG. 11 is the A type, the stirring blade 59 shown in FIG. 12 is the C type, and the stirring blade 69 shown in FIG. In this case, reference signs A to D given to the respective stirring blades in FIG. 14 correspond to the types of the types of the respective stirring blades.

  Therefore, according to this embodiment, since the drive chain 87 has two rows, it is possible to secure a larger area area that can be constructed at one time, and to contribute to further improvement of stirring and mixing performance and uniform processing quality. It will be possible.

Explanatory drawing which shows schematic structure of the whole ground improvement apparatus which uses a backhoe as a mother machine as preferable embodiment of this invention. The schematic explanatory drawing which expand | deployed the drive chain of the construction head shown in FIG. FIGS. 1A and 1B are diagrams showing details of the agitating blade shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 as the first embodiment, in which FIG. 1A is a plan view, FIG. 1B is a front view of FIG. 1A, and FIG. Cross-sectional explanatory drawing which follows the aa line of (B). Explanatory drawing which shows the modification of the cutting blade | wing shown in FIG. 3 with (A)-(D). Explanatory drawing at the time of soil cutting by the cutting blade of FIG. (A), (B) is explanatory drawing which shows the modification of the cutting blade shown in FIG. It is a figure which shows the detail of a stirring blade as 2nd Embodiment, (A) is the top view, (B) is the front view of the figure (A). It is a figure which shows the detail of a stirring blade as 3rd Embodiment, (A) is the top view, (B) is the front view of the figure (A). It is a figure which shows the detail of a stirring blade as 4th Embodiment, (A) is the top view, (B) is the front view of the figure (A). Explanatory drawing with which it mounted | wore so that multiple types of stirring blade might be mixed in the common drive chain as 5th Embodiment. It is a figure which shows the modification of the stirring blade shown in FIG. 9 as 6th Embodiment, (A) is the top view, (B) is the front view of the figure (A), (C) is the figure ( B) Right side view. FIG. 10 is a view showing another modified example of the stirring blade shown in FIG. 9 as the sixth embodiment, in which (A) is a plan view thereof, (B) is a front view of FIG. The right view of the figure (B). It is a figure which shows the further another modification of the stirring blade shown in FIG. 9 similarly as 6th Embodiment, (A) is the top view, (B) is the front view of the figure (A), (C) Is a right side view of FIG. Explanatory drawing of the drive chain when the stirring blade shown in FIG. 9 and FIGS.

Explanation of symbols

1 ... Ground improvement device 2 ... Backhoe (base machine or base machine)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 4 ... Construction head 5 ... Frame 6 ... Drive wheel 7 ... Driven wheel 8 ... Drive chain 9 ... Stirring blade 9A, 9B, 9C, 9D ... Stirring blade 11 ... Blade substrate 12 ... Cutting blade 12a ... Cutting blade 13 ... Blade attachment plate DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 16 ... Back blade 18 ... Recessed part 19 ... Stirring blade 21 ... Kneading blade 22 ... Excavation blade part 29 ... Stirring blade 31 ... Blade substrate 39 ... Stirring blade 41 ... Blade substrate 49 ... Stirring blade 51 ... Blade substrate 59 ... Stirring blade 61 ... Wing substrate 69 ... stirring blade

Claims (7)

The construction head has a construction head attached to the tip of the arm of the mother machine. The construction head wraps an endless chain between a driving wheel at the top of the frame and a driven wheel at the bottom of the frame, and the chain has a plurality of pitches at a predetermined pitch. A ground improvement device that is equipped with stirring blades, and that performs the stirring and mixing process together with excavation of the ground by moving these stirring blades around the ground together with the chain,
The stirring blade
A blade substrate that is substantially perpendicular to the construction ground,
A plurality of excavation blade portions projecting substantially at right angles to the blade substrate and having sharp cutting edges on both sides in the circumferential direction;
A rear blade projecting along the longitudinal direction on the rear side of the blade substrate;
With
The ground improvement device according to claim 1, wherein the stirring blade is set to have the same work amount when the chain is forwardly rotated and when the chain is reversely rotated.   The center part of the blade width in the circumferential direction in the excavation blade part has a concave shape, and sharp cutting edges on both sides protrude from the blade substrate in the circumferential direction, respectively. Ground improvement equipment.   The excavation blade part is composed of a cutting blade having sharp cutting edges on both sides in the circumferential direction, and a blade mounting plate interposed between the cutting blade and the blade substrate, when viewed from the circumferential direction. The ground improvement device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the thickness dimension of the cutting blade is set larger than the thickness dimension of the blade mounting plate.   At least two or more excavation blade portions are arranged on the blade substrate, and a plurality of types of stirring blades having different blade substrate lengths and attachment positions of the excavation blade portions are mixed and arranged in the chain circulation direction. The ground improvement device according to any one of claims 1 to 3.   2. The ground improvement device according to claim 1, wherein the wing substrate and the back blade have a bilaterally symmetric shape when viewed from the circumferential direction.   The ground improvement device according to claim 1 or 5, wherein the back blade is disposed over the entire length of the stirring blade when viewed from the circumferential direction.   The ground improvement device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein an excavation construction machine is used as a mother machine and a construction head is attached to the tip of the arm.

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