JP3816265B2 - Pyrogen - Google Patents

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Publication number
JP3816265B2
JP3816265B2 JP14748199A JP14748199A JP3816265B2 JP 3816265 B2 JP3816265 B2 JP 3816265B2 JP 14748199 A JP14748199 A JP 14748199A JP 14748199 A JP14748199 A JP 14748199A JP 3816265 B2 JP3816265 B2 JP 3816265B2
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Prior art keywords
metal powder
coated
drug
agent
heat generation
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JP14748199A
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JP2000336352A (en
Inventor
浩司 味村
正 和田
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Kao Corp
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Kao Corp
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24VCOLLECTION, PRODUCTION OR USE OF HEAT NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F24V30/00Apparatus or devices using heat produced by exothermal chemical reactions other than combustion

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Thermotherapy And Cooling Therapy Devices (AREA)

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、酸素及び水の存在下で発熱する発熱剤に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術及び発明が解決しようとする課題】
従来の加温具は、使い捨てカイロに見られるように、通気性シートと裏面シートの間に発熱剤を密封した形状となっている。この加温具の発熱特性としては、温感が感じられる温度になるまでの時間(初期発熱時間)が短く、しかも長時間発熱するものが要求されている。
【0003】
従来においては、発熱を制御する手段として、通気シートの通気性を制御する方法(例えば特開平2−149272号公報等)と、発熱剤中の反応助剤を最適化する方法が検討されていた。しかし、これらの方法では、初期発熱時間を短くすると、長時間発熱が得られず、長時間発熱させようとすると、初期発熱時間が長くなり、両特性を両立させることができなかった。
【0004】
また、特開昭63−168484号公報には、酸化反応により発熱反応を呈する酸化性物質の粒子を、その表面がカバーされるように樹脂被覆した発熱材料が開示され、外圧を加えて被覆膜を破壊することにより酸化性物質を発熱させるものである。しかし、この発熱材料においても、初期発熱時間を短縮し、かつ長時間発熱させることは困難であった。
【0005】
本発明は、初期発熱時間を短縮し、しかも発熱持続時間を延長させることを可能とした発熱剤を提供することを目的とする。
【0006】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明者らは、発熱剤に用いられる発熱材料としての金属粉の一部として、一定範囲の融点を有する薬剤で表面が被覆された金属粉を用いることによって、上記目的が達成し得ることを知見した。
【0007】
本発明は、融点40〜100℃の薬剤で表面が被覆されたことを特徴とする酸化により発熱する発熱剤用の金属粉を提供するものである。
【0008】
また、本発明は、前記薬剤で表面が被覆されている金属粉と該薬剤で表面が被覆されていない金属粉とを含むことを特徴とする発熱剤を提供するものである。
【0009】
さらに、本発明は、少なくとも一部が通気性を有する包材で、前記発熱剤を囲繞してなる加温具を提供するものである。
【0010】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明の好ましい実施形態について説明する。
本発明の金属粉は、酸素及び水の存在下に酸化により発熱するもので、融点40〜100℃の薬剤で表面が被覆されている。このような金属粉としては、特に限定されず、例えば鉄粉等が挙げられる。
【0011】
このような金属粉を被覆する薬剤は、融点が40〜100℃のものが用いられる。薬剤の融点が40℃未満では、保存時に被覆薬剤が溶解し製品安定性に問題がある。また、薬剤の融点が100℃を超えると、発熱剤中に含まれる水の沸点の100℃以上の温度に発熱剤は発熱しないため、薬剤が融解せず、薬剤が被覆された金属粉は発熱しないという問題を有する。
【0012】
この薬剤の種類は、融点が前記範囲内にあれば特に限定されないが、例えば、有機物であれば、ワックス、ロウ等が挙げられ、無機物であれば、無機水和物が融点の面から有効であり、例えばメタホウ酸ナトリウム水和物、硫酸水素ナトリウム水和物、メタ珪酸ナトリウム水和物、硫酸鉄水和物、硫酸ナトリウムアルミニウム水和物等が挙げられる。
【0013】
金属粉への薬剤の被覆方法は、金属表面が薬剤で完全的、もしくは部分的に被覆されればよく、例えば、溶融コーティング、噴霧コーティング、転動造粒等の方法が挙げられる。また、金属粉への薬剤の被覆量の下限は、金属粉の発熱が抑えられる量以上であれば、特に限定されないが、例えば、金属粉に鉄粉(商品名RKH、同和鉱業社製)、被覆薬剤としてメタホウ酸ナトリウム水和物を使用した場合、金属粉に対して薬剤を15重量%以上用いることによって完全に金属粉を被覆し、発熱が抑えられる。
【0014】
次に、本発明の発熱剤は、前記薬剤で被覆されている金属粉と該薬剤で表面が被覆されていない金属粉とを含むものである。
【0015】
前記薬剤で被覆されている金属粉(以下、被覆金属粉という)と薬剤で表面が被覆されていない金属粉(以下、非被覆金属粉という)の混合割合は、特に制限されず、少なくとも非被覆金属粉の発熱で被覆金属粉の薬剤(被覆層)が融解するだけの発熱量を供給できる量の非被覆金属粉を混合すればよいが、重量比で被覆金属粉:非被覆金属粉が1:10〜10:1の範囲から用途に応じて適宜選択するのが好ましい。
【0016】
非被覆金属粉と被覆金属粉に使用される金属粉は同一でも異なってもよく、発熱剤の発熱特性に応じて、適宜選択することが望ましい。
【0017】
被覆金属粉と非被覆金属粉の混合方法は、特に限定されず、十分混合されればよい。
【0018】
本発明の発熱剤には、発熱助剤又は他の反応助剤となり得る化合物、水及び水を吸収する保湿剤、並びに必要に応じて他の添加剤等を添加することができる。発熱助剤としては、NaCl、KCl、MgCl2 、CaCl2 等の金属塩化物、K2 SO4 、Na2 SO4 、MgSO4 等の金属硫酸塩等が挙げられる。また、保湿剤としては、例えば、活性炭、シリカゲル、木粉、吸水ポリマー等が用いられる。
【0019】
本発明の加温具は、少なくとも一部が通気性を有する包材で、前記発熱剤を囲繞してなる。前記発熱剤を囲繞する包材は、少なくとも一部が該発熱剤が発熱するための酸素が透過する通気性を有することが必要で、一般には通気シートが使用される。
【0020】
このような加温具の一例を示す概略断面図を図1に示す。同図において、1は通気シート、2は裏面シート、3は発熱剤をそれぞれ示す。包材は、通気シート1と裏面シート2とからなる。
【0021】
前記通気シート1は、微細な連続気孔を有するポリウレタン、ポリエチレン又はポリプロピレンあるいはそれらの改質プラスチック、又はゴム質のような柔軟性を有する熱可塑性シートないしフィルム等が用いられ、また不織布等が採用される。
【0022】
このような通気シートは、発熱制御の面から、透湿度として50〜10000g/m2 ・dayが好ましく、さらに100〜5000g/m2 ・dayが好ましい。
【0023】
また、裏面シート2の表面には粘着剤を設け、人体や衣服等に付着させることもできる。このような粘着剤としては、人体等に転着しない非転着性で、かつ熱安定性を有するものが好ましい。
【0024】
本発明の加温具は、体に装着し、加温するものであれば特に用途は限定されないが、例えば使い捨てカイロや毛髪処理用のヘアーキャップの発熱体(加温具)等の用途に適用可能である。
【0025】
本発明の発熱剤において、前記被覆金属粉と前記非被覆金属粉とを含むことによって、図2に示されるような発熱挙動を示す。すなわち、酸素と水の存在下で、先ず非被覆金属粉(鉄粉)が発熱し、この発熱によって被覆金属粉(薬剤被覆鉄粉)の被覆薬剤が融解する。非被覆金属粉の発熱量が低下するに伴って、被覆金属粉の発熱量が上昇する。このように、非被覆金属粉で初期発熱時間を短縮すると共に、被覆金属粉によって長時間の発熱が達成される。
【0026】
【実施例】
以下、実施例等に基づき本発明を具体的に説明する。
【0027】
〔実施例1〕
被覆薬剤として硫酸水素ナトリウム・1水和物(融点75℃)を使用した。まず、鉄粉(商品名RKH、同和鉱業社製)に対し被覆薬剤を20重量%加熱溶融コートし、被覆鉄粉を調製した。
【0028】
発熱剤組成は、混合鉄粉(非被覆鉄粉:被覆鉄粉=1:1重量比)57重量%、5%食塩水28重量%、活性炭1.4重量%、ケイ酸3.6重量%、バーミキュライト5.8重量%、吸水ポリマー4.2重量%で調製した。
【0029】
発熱剤充填量20g、通気シートとして透湿シート(商品名TSF−EDFH、透湿度230g/m2 ・day、興人社製)を用い、また裏面シートとしてポリエチレンシートを使用して、充填部サイズ10cm×12cmの図1に示されるような加温具を製作した。
【0030】
この加温具を、JIS S 4100−1996の温度特性測定方法により発熱評価を行った。結果を表1及び図3に示す。また、この発熱評価において、混合鉄粉中の非被覆鉄粉(鉄粉)と被覆鉄粉各々の発熱評価も行い、その結果を併せて図3に示した。
【0031】
〔比較例1〕
非被覆鉄粉のみを用いた以外は、実施例1と同様に製作した加温具の発熱評価を実施例1と同様に行った。結果を表1に示す。
【0032】
【表1】

Figure 0003816265
【0033】
表1に示されるように、実施例1は、比較例1に比して、40℃到達時間は同等であるにも拘わらず、40℃維持時間を大幅に延長することができる。
【0034】
【発明の効果】
本発明の発熱剤によって、初期発熱速度を短縮し、しかも発熱持続時間を延長することができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】図1は、本発明の加温具の一例を示す概略断面図である。
【図2】図2は、本発明の発熱剤の発熱挙動を示す図。
【図3】図3は、実施例1における鉄粉と被覆鉄粉の混合品、鉄粉及び被覆鉄粉の発熱温度と経過時間の関係を示すグラフ。
【符号の説明】
1 通気シート
2 裏面シート
3 発熱剤[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a heat generating agent that generates heat in the presence of oxygen and water.
[0002]
[Prior art and problems to be solved by the invention]
The conventional heating device has a shape in which a heat generating agent is sealed between a breathable sheet and a back sheet, as seen in a disposable body warmer. As the heat generation characteristics of this heating device, a device that requires a short time (initial heat generation time) to reach a temperature at which a feeling of warmth is felt and generates heat for a long time is required.
[0003]
Conventionally, as a means for controlling heat generation, a method for controlling the breathability of a ventilation sheet (for example, JP-A-2-149272) and a method for optimizing a reaction aid in a heat generating agent have been studied. . However, in these methods, if the initial heat generation time is shortened, heat generation cannot be obtained for a long time, and if heat generation is performed for a long time, the initial heat generation time becomes long, and both characteristics cannot be achieved.
[0004]
Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 63-168484 discloses a heat-generating material in which particles of an oxidizing substance that exhibits an exothermic reaction by an oxidation reaction are coated with a resin so that the surface is covered. The oxidizing substance generates heat by breaking the film. However, even with this heat generating material, it has been difficult to shorten the initial heat generation time and generate heat for a long time.
[0005]
An object of the present invention is to provide a heat generating agent that can shorten the initial heat generation time and extend the heat generation duration.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present inventors have found that the above object can be achieved by using a metal powder whose surface is coated with a medicine having a certain melting point as a part of the metal powder as a heat generating material used for the heat generating agent. I found out.
[0007]
The present invention provides a metal powder for a heat generating agent that generates heat by oxidation, the surface of which is coated with a drug having a melting point of 40 to 100 ° C.
[0008]
Moreover, this invention provides the heat generating agent characterized by including the metal powder by which the surface is coat | covered with the said chemical | medical agent, and the metal powder by which the surface is not coat | covered with this chemical | medical agent.
[0009]
Furthermore, the present invention provides a warming tool that is a packaging material that is at least partially breathable and surrounds the heat generating agent.
[0010]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described.
The metal powder of the present invention generates heat by oxidation in the presence of oxygen and water, and the surface is coated with a drug having a melting point of 40 to 100 ° C. Such metal powder is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include iron powder.
[0011]
As the chemical | medical agent which coat | covers such a metal powder, a melting | fusing point is 40-100 degreeC. If the melting point of the drug is less than 40 ° C., the coated drug dissolves during storage, and there is a problem in product stability. Also, if the melting point of the drug exceeds 100 ° C, since the pyrogen does not generate heat at a temperature of 100 ° C or higher, which is the boiling point of water contained in the heat generating agent, the drug does not melt and the metal powder coated with the drug generates heat. Have the problem of not.
[0012]
The type of the drug is not particularly limited as long as the melting point is within the above range. For example, wax is wax if it is organic, and inorganic hydrate is effective from the viewpoint of melting point if it is inorganic. Yes, for example, sodium metaborate hydrate, sodium hydrogensulfate hydrate, sodium metasilicate hydrate, iron sulfate hydrate, sodium aluminum sulfate hydrate and the like.
[0013]
The method of coating the drug on the metal powder is sufficient if the metal surface is completely or partially coated with the drug, and examples thereof include methods such as melt coating, spray coating, and rolling granulation. In addition, the lower limit of the coating amount of the drug on the metal powder is not particularly limited as long as the amount of heat generation of the metal powder is suppressed, but for example, iron powder (trade name RKH, manufactured by Dowa Mining Co., Ltd.), When sodium metaborate hydrate is used as the coating drug, the metal powder is completely coated by using the drug in an amount of 15% by weight or more with respect to the metal powder, and heat generation is suppressed.
[0014]
Next, the exothermic agent of this invention contains the metal powder coat | covered with the said chemical | medical agent, and the metal powder by which the surface is not coat | covered with this chemical | medical agent.
[0015]
The mixing ratio of the metal powder coated with the drug (hereinafter referred to as coated metal powder) and the metal powder whose surface is not coated with the drug (hereinafter referred to as uncoated metal powder) is not particularly limited, and is at least uncoated. An amount of uncoated metal powder that can supply a calorific value sufficient to melt the drug (coated layer) of the coated metal powder due to heat generation of the metal powder may be mixed, but the coated metal powder: uncoated metal powder is 1 in weight ratio. : It is preferable to select suitably from the range of 10-10: 1 according to a use.
[0016]
The metal powder used for the uncoated metal powder and the coated metal powder may be the same or different, and it is desirable to select them appropriately according to the heat generation characteristics of the heat generating agent.
[0017]
The method for mixing the coated metal powder and the uncoated metal powder is not particularly limited, and may be sufficiently mixed.
[0018]
To the exothermic agent of the present invention, a compound that can be an exothermic auxiliary agent or other reaction auxiliary agent, water, a moisturizing agent that absorbs water, and other additives as necessary can be added. Examples of the exothermic aid include metal chlorides such as NaCl, KCl, MgCl 2 and CaCl 2 , metal sulfates such as K 2 SO 4 , Na 2 SO 4 and MgSO 4 . Moreover, as a moisturizing agent, activated carbon, a silica gel, a wood powder, a water absorption polymer etc. are used, for example.
[0019]
The heating device of the present invention is a packaging material that is at least partially breathable and surrounds the exothermic agent. At least a part of the packaging material surrounding the heat generating agent needs to have air permeability through which oxygen is generated so that the heat generating agent generates heat, and a breathable sheet is generally used.
[0020]
A schematic cross-sectional view showing an example of such a heating tool is shown in FIG. In the figure, 1 is a ventilation sheet, 2 is a back sheet, and 3 is a heat generating agent. The packaging material includes a ventilation sheet 1 and a back sheet 2.
[0021]
The vent sheet 1 is made of polyurethane, polyethylene or polypropylene having fine continuous pores, a modified plastic thereof, or a thermoplastic sheet or film having flexibility such as rubber, and a nonwoven fabric or the like is used. The
[0022]
Such a ventilation sheet has a moisture permeability of preferably 50 to 10,000 g / m 2 · day, more preferably 100 to 5000 g / m 2 · day, from the viewpoint of heat generation control.
[0023]
Moreover, an adhesive can be provided on the surface of the back sheet 2 so as to adhere to a human body or clothes. As such an adhesive, a non-transfer property that does not transfer to a human body or the like and a thermal stability is preferable.
[0024]
The heating device of the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it is attached to the body and heated, but it is applied to, for example, a disposable body warmer or a heating element (heating device) of a hair cap for hair treatment. Is possible.
[0025]
In the exothermic agent of the present invention, the exothermic behavior as shown in FIG. 2 is exhibited by including the coated metal powder and the uncoated metal powder. That is, in the presence of oxygen and water, first, the uncoated metal powder (iron powder) generates heat, and the coated drug of the coated metal powder (drug-coated iron powder) is melted by this heat generation. As the calorific value of the uncoated metal powder decreases, the calorific value of the coated metal powder increases. Thus, while the initial heat generation time is shortened with the uncoated metal powder, the heat generation for a long time is achieved with the coated metal powder.
[0026]
【Example】
Hereinafter, the present invention will be specifically described based on examples and the like.
[0027]
[Example 1]
Sodium bisulfate monohydrate (melting point 75 ° C.) was used as a coating agent. First, a coating agent was heated and melt coated with 20 wt% of iron powder (trade name RKH, manufactured by Dowa Mining Co., Ltd.) to prepare a coated iron powder.
[0028]
The composition of the exothermic agent was 57% by weight of mixed iron powder (non-coated iron powder: coated iron powder = 1: 1 weight ratio), 5% saline solution 28% by weight, activated carbon 1.4% by weight, and silicic acid 3.6% by weight. , Vermiculite 5.8% by weight, water-absorbing polymer 4.2% by weight.
[0029]
Filling part size using 20g of exothermic agent, moisture permeable sheet (trade name TSF-EDFH, moisture permeability 230g / m 2 · day, manufactured by Kojin Co., Ltd.) as a breathable sheet, and polyethylene sheet as a back sheet A heating tool as shown in FIG. 1 of 10 cm × 12 cm was manufactured.
[0030]
The heating tool was subjected to heat generation evaluation by the temperature characteristic measuring method of JIS S 4100-1996. The results are shown in Table 1 and FIG. In this exothermic evaluation, the exothermic evaluation of each of the uncoated iron powder (iron powder) and the coated iron powder in the mixed iron powder was also performed, and the results are shown in FIG.
[0031]
[Comparative Example 1]
Except that only uncoated iron powder was used, the heating evaluation of the heating device manufactured in the same manner as in Example 1 was performed in the same manner as in Example 1. The results are shown in Table 1.
[0032]
[Table 1]
Figure 0003816265
[0033]
As shown in Table 1, although Example 1 has the same 40 ° C. arrival time as compared with Comparative Example 1, it can greatly extend the 40 ° C. maintenance time.
[0034]
【The invention's effect】
With the heat generating agent of the present invention, the initial heat generation rate can be shortened and the heat generation duration can be extended.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing an example of a heating tool of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a view showing the heat generation behavior of the heat generating agent of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a graph showing a relationship between an exothermic temperature and elapsed time of a mixture of iron powder and coated iron powder, iron powder and coated iron powder in Example 1.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 Ventilation sheet 2 Back sheet 3 Heating agent

Claims (3)

融点40〜100℃の薬剤で表面が被覆されたことを特徴とする酸化により発熱する発熱剤用の金属粉。 A metal powder for an exothermic agent that generates heat by oxidation, the surface of which is coated with a drug having a melting point of 40 to 100 ° C. 請求項1記載の金属粉と薬剤で表面が被覆されていない金属粉とを含むことを特徴とする発熱剤。  An exothermic agent comprising the metal powder according to claim 1 and a metal powder whose surface is not coated with a drug. 少なくとも一部が通気性を有する包材で、請求項2記載の発熱剤を囲繞してなる加温具。  A heating device comprising at least a part of a breathable packaging material surrounding the exothermic agent according to claim 2.
JP14748199A 1999-05-27 1999-05-27 Pyrogen Expired - Fee Related JP3816265B2 (en)

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US8080172B2 (en) * 2006-01-18 2011-12-20 J.I. Enterprises, Inc. Method and composition for controlled heat release and disposable chemical heater utilizing same
CN112386561B (en) * 2021-01-08 2023-09-01 广州融尚生物科技有限公司 Whitening mask with high permeability and preparation method thereof

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