JP3815903B2 - Color measuring device - Google Patents

Color measuring device Download PDF

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Publication number
JP3815903B2
JP3815903B2 JP32271998A JP32271998A JP3815903B2 JP 3815903 B2 JP3815903 B2 JP 3815903B2 JP 32271998 A JP32271998 A JP 32271998A JP 32271998 A JP32271998 A JP 32271998A JP 3815903 B2 JP3815903 B2 JP 3815903B2
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Japan
Prior art keywords
light
colorimetric
color
measuring head
skin
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JP32271998A
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JPH11218446A (en
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義直 永嶋
修敏 米田
幸博 矢田
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Kao Corp
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Kao Corp
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  • Spectrometry And Color Measurement (AREA)
  • Measurement Of The Respiration, Hearing Ability, Form, And Blood Characteristics Of Living Organisms (AREA)

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、測色対象物に当接させる測定ヘッドが小型軽量化されており、特に皮膚の測色に適した測色装置に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
測色用分光光度計や光電色彩計等の測色装置は、一般に、JIS Z 8722[物体色−測定方法]の規格に準拠して作製されており、その照明用光源としては、太陽の北側昼光、標準光源(C、D65等)あるいは人工光源である常用光源(D55、D50等)が使用され、特に、常用光源としてハロゲンランプ、キセノンランプ等の白色光源が広く使用されている。また、照明用光源が組み込まれた測定ヘッドには積分球も設けられ、光源から発せられた光が積分球の内壁面で拡散反射され、積分球の底面の開口部から測色対象物の測色部位が拡散照明されるようにしている。
【0003】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかしながら、従来の測色装置では、測定ヘッド内にキセノンランプ等の白色光源が設けられ、さらには積分球も設けられているので、測定ヘッドが相当に嵩高くなっている。そのため、顔等のように凹凸が多くて平坦部分が少なく、狭い範囲の測色を目的とする場合には測色が困難であった。
【0004】
また、キセノンランプ等の白色光源や積分球が設けられているために測定ヘッドを軽量化することもできないので、測定ヘッドを片手で保持し、任意の測色対象物の測色部位に最適の押圧力で当接させることも困難であった。そのため、皮膚の測色時には、測定ヘッドを過度の押圧力で皮膚に押しつけ、そのために血流が滞り、正常な状態での皮膚の測色をすることができないという問題もあった。
【0005】
さらに、キセノンランプは電流効率が低いためにランニングコストが高くなり、また、寿命が比較的短いために、メンテナンスにもコストがかかった。
【0006】
本発明は以上のような従来技術の課題に対し、耐久性があり、メンテナンスが容易で、小型軽量化を図ることができ、顔をはじめとする皮膚の測色にも簡便に使用できる測色装置を提供することを目的とする。
【0007】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明者らは、照明用の光を測色対象物に照射する照射手段として、従来のハロゲンランプやキセノンランプ等の白色光源に代えて、白色の発光ダイオード(以下、LEDと略する)又はスーパールミネッセントダイオード(SLD)等のルミネッセントダイオードを使用することにより上記の目的が達成できることを見出した。
【0008】
即ち、本発明は顔を測色対象物とする測色装置であって、測色対象物に照射する光の光源として、白色のルミネッセントダイオードを有する照射手段、測色対象物からの反射光を受光し、該反射光の受光強度を出力するフォトディテクターからなる受光手段、及び反射光の受光強度に基づいて測色値を求める演算手段からなり、ルミネッセントダイオードとフォトディテクターが測定ヘッド内に設けられ、測定ヘッド外に演算手段と電源が設けられ、測定ヘッドの重さが30g以下であり、測色対象物に合わせる測定ヘッドの開口部の径が30mm以下であり、演算手段に備えられた、ルミネッセントダイオードの発光タイミングを制御するゲート回路と発光強度を制御する照明回路により、ルミネッセントダイオードの発光強度が時分割で変化する測色装置を提供する。
【0009】
また、本発明は、皮膚に本発明の測色装置を当接させ、照射手段から皮膚に白色光を照射し、照射した光の皮膚からの反射光を受光手段で受光し、その受光強度に基づいて測色値を求める測色方法を提供する。
【0010】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明を図面に基づいて詳細に説明する。なお、各図中、同一符号は、同一又は同等の構成要素を表している。
【0011】
図2は、本発明の一実施例の測色装置1のブロック図である。この測色装置1は、測定ヘッド10と演算手段30とからなっている。また、図1は測色装置1の測定ヘッド10の概略断面図(同図(a))及び底面図(同図(b))である。
【0012】
測定ヘッド10は、測色対象物Sに照射する光の光源として、白色光を発する発光ダイオード(LED)を有しており、これらの設置位置は、図1(b)に示したように、それぞれ正三角形の頂点となっている。この正三角形の一辺の長さは、細部の測色の点から、40mm以下とすることが好ましく、特に、5〜20mmとすることが好ましい。また、これらLEDがなす正三角形の中心には、受光手段として一組のフォトダイオード11が設けられている。
【0013】
各LEDは測色部位S1に対する設置角度を垂直から水平まで適宜変えることができるようになっており、これによりLEDから照射された光の測色部位S1への入射角を0°から90°近くまで変えられるようにしている。測色部位S1に対する入射角が小さすぎると、フォトダイオード11が測色対象物Sからの光源の直接表面反射光を受光しやすくなり、反対に大きすぎるとLEDからの直接光又は測定ヘッド10内の反射光を受光しやすくなるので、通常は測色部位S1に対する入射角を30°〜60°とすることが好ましく、入射角45°で受光角0°とすることがより好ましい。
【0014】
一組のフォトダイオード11は、各々の前面に赤色光(R)、緑色光(G)または青色光(B)を通すバンドパスフィルター16R、16G、16Bが備えられた合計3個のフォトダイオード11からなっている。また、LEDとフォトダイオード11との間には遮光筒12が設けられている。遮光筒12の先端又は中程には、必要に応じてレンズが設けられる。LED及びフォトダイオード11は、外筒13で囲まれている。
【0015】
外筒13は、その底部に円形の開口部14を有し、測色時に開口部14の外縁が測色部位S1を囲むように測色対象物Sに接触し、測色部位S1及びフォトダイオード11を外部散乱光から遮蔽する。この場合、開口部14の直径は、細部の測色の点から30mm以下とすることが好ましく、特に、3〜20mmとすることが好ましい。
【0016】
また、測色対象物Sによっては、外筒13の接触により測色部位S1の温度が変化し、測色値の変わる場合があることから、測色対象物Sと接触する外筒13端部の構成材料としては、外筒13が測色対象物Sに接触しても測色部位S1の温度ができるだけ変わらないような材料、例えば、熱伝導率0.001〜99Wm-1-1、より好ましくは0.001〜10Wm-1-1の有機材料を使用することが好ましい。
【0017】
一方、演算手段30は、測色部位S1に照射するLEDの発光強度を制御し、また、バンドパスフィルター16(16R、16G、16B)を通してフォトダイオード11で検出された光強度に基づいて測色値を求めるものであり、ゲート回路32、照明回路31、I−V回路33R、33G、33B 、サンプルホールド回路34、減算回路35R、35G、35B、バッファ回路36、計算処理回路37からなっている。
【0018】
ここで、ゲート回路32は、LEDの発光タイミングを制御する回路であり、また、照明回路31は、各LEDに、一定強度の光を発生させる回路である。
【0019】
赤色光(R)、緑色光(G)または青色光(B)を通すバンドパスフィルター16R、16G、16Bが前面に設けられたフォトダイオード11は、それぞれR、G、Bの光を受光し、I−V回路33は、フォトダイオード11が出力するR、G、Bそれぞれの受光強度を電流値から電圧値に変換する。サンプルホールド回路34は、LEDの発光時のR、G、Bそれぞれの受光強度をサンプリングして一時保存(ホールド)すると共に、外部散乱光の受光強度もサンプリングして一時保存する。そして、減算回路35R、35G、35Bは、サンプルホールド回路34に一時保存された、LEDの発光時のR、G、B各色の受光強度と、外部散乱光の受光強度との差をとり、それにより外部散乱光の影響が除去されたR、G、B各色の受光強度を出力する。バッファ回路36は、こうして求められたR、G、Bの出力値が外部検出器(モニター、コンピュータ等)に取り込まれる場合に、当該外部検出器による影響が除去された値となるように、R、G、Bを出力する。そして、計算処理回路37は、バッファ回路36からのR、G、Bそれぞれの出力値と、予め測色対象物Sの測色前に白色板から得たR、G、Bそれぞれの出力値とから、R、G、Bの各色の光それぞれについて、測色対象物Sと白色板との出力値の比を求め、その比の値からL***表色系の値(即ち、L*値=明るさ、a*値=赤み、b*値=黄色み)を出力する。
【0020】
この測色装置1を用いて測色対象物Sを測色する場合、まず測定ヘッド10の外筒13の底部の開口部14を測色部位S1に合わせ、測定ヘッド10を測色対象物Sに当接させる。ここで、測定ヘッド10にはLEDが内蔵されており、従来の測色装置の測定ヘッドで使用されていたキセノンランプや積分球が不要となっている。さらに、測定ヘッド10内に組み込まれているのはLED、バンドパスフィルター16R、16G、16B、フォトダイオード11及びこれらを作動させるために必要な配線等の付帯部品のみで、これら以外の部品(例えば、演算手段30、電源等に関するもの)は測定ヘッド10外に設けられている。したがって、この測定ヘッド10は、手に持った時の重さが付属コードを含めても30g以下に小型軽量化される。このため、位置合わせ時あるいは測色時に、測定ヘッド10を片手で容易に保持し、任意の測色部位S1に押圧力を調整しつつ当接させることができる。よって、例えば皮膚を測色対象物Sとした場合でも、過度に皮膚を圧迫することなく、血流を滞らせることなく、測色することが可能となる。なお、押圧力の調整のためには、バネ等を利用した感圧センサーを測定ヘッド10に設けてもよい。
【0021】
測定ヘッド10を測色対象物Sに当接させるにあたり、測定ヘッド10と測色対象物Sとのなす角度は90°とすることが好ましいが、80°から100°とすればよく、測色対象物Sが皮膚のように柔軟である場合には、さらに許容角度を広げることができる。なお、測定ヘッド10と測色対象物Sとのなす角度を検出するためには、上述の感圧センサーを測定ヘッド10の外筒13端部に少なくとも3個取り付ければよい。即ち、各感圧センサーにかかる圧力が等しければ測定ヘッド10と測色対象物Sとのなす角度は垂直であり、各感圧センサーにかかる圧力に差があるほど測定ヘッド10は垂直から傾いていることとなる。
【0022】
また、この測定ヘッド10においては、測色部位S1に合わせる開口部14の径を30mm以下、より好ましくは3〜20mm程度と小さくすることができるので、人の皮膚、特に顔等のように凹凸が多くて平坦部分が少ない部位も測色対象とすることができる。さらに、シミのような色素沈着部分、目元、口元、唇、歯肉、歯、眼球、頭皮、爪等の狭い範囲の表面色を選択的に測色することも容易になる。また、素肌でも、ファンデーション、口紅、アイシャドウ、頬紅等のポイントメイクを施した化粧肌でも測定可能である。
【0023】
測定ヘッド10を測色対象物Sに当接させた後は、LEDを発光させ、測色部位S1からの反射光を、R、G又はBのバンドパスフィルター16R、16G、16Bを通してフォトダイオード11で受光する。そしてフォトダイオード11から出力されたR、G、Bの強度に基づき、測色部位S1の三刺激値(X、Y、Z)あるいはL***表色系の出力値を得る。
【0024】
測色時には、各LEDを一定強度で発光させてもよいが、図3に示したようにLEDの発光強度を時分割で変化させてもよい。発光強度の強弱に応じて、測定深度を考慮した測色を行うことが可能となる。例えば、測色部位S1が皮膚のように半透明で層状構造を有する場合に、発光強度を弱めた時には測色部位S1の深度の浅い部分(例えば、表皮まで)を測色し、発光強度を強めた時にはより深度の深い部分(例えば、真皮まで)を測色することが可能となる。
【0025】
LEDの発光強度の具体的な値は、LEDと測色部位S1との距離、測色部位S1とフォトダイオード11との距離等に応じて定めることができる。一般には、LEDと測色部位S1との距離を1mm〜50mm、特に1mm〜20mmとし、測色部位S1とフォトダイオード11との距離を1mm〜50mm、特に1mm〜20mmとし、LEDの発光強度を0.1mW〜10W、特に1mW〜1Wとすることが好ましい。
【0026】
本発明は、図1に示した測色装置1以外にも種々の態様をとることができる。
【0027】
例えば、図4(b)に示したような、外部散乱光Lの測色部位S1及び受光手段への回り込みをより確実に防止して、弱い光でも正確な測色を可能とするため、図4(a)に示すように、外筒13の測色対象物S側の端部と側色部位S1の外周とを覆う傘状フード17を、図1の測定ヘッド10の外筒13に着脱自在に取り付け、外筒13を二重構造とすることができる。この場合、測色部位S1への位置合わせを容易にするため、必要に応じて、測色部位の位置決め用光源を、照射手段の光源として設けられているLEDの他に設けてもよい。位置決め用光源としては、レーザー、発光ダイオード、スーパールミネッセントダイオード等を使用することができる。
【0028】
図1の測色ヘッド10では、LEDが正三角形の頂点をなすように配されているが、LEDの個数や配置はこれに限られない。例えば、照射ムラを低減するため、図5に示すように、測定ヘッド10内により多くのLEDを同心円上に配し、その中心にR、G、B受光用の一組のフォトダイオード11を設けてもよい。また、小型軽量化を一層促進するため、図6に示すように、1個のLEDと一組のフォトダイオード11とを設けてもよい。後者の場合には、測定ヘッドをより小さくできるので測定ヘッドの開口部をさらに小さくすることが可能となるため、より細部の測定を行うことが可能となる。また、照射面積が狭くなるので、照射ムラが低減するという効果も得られる。
【0029】
LEDに代えて他のルミネッセントダイオード、例えばスーパールミネッセントダイオード(SLD)を設けてもよい。
【0030】
一方、受光手段として、フォトダイオード11に代えて、他のフォトディテクター、例えば、フォトトランジスター、フォトダイオードアレイ、CCD素子等を設けることができる。フォトダイオードアレイを使用することにより、分光反射率曲線を求めることが可能となる。また、CCDカメラを設けることにより、平面の色分布を測定することが可能となる。
【0031】
さらには、測定ヘッド10内で、測色部位S1からの反射光を、バンドパスフィルター16R、16G、16Bを通してフォトダイオード11で受光することに代えて、測定ヘッド10内では測色部位S1からの反射光を光ファイバーで受光し、その受光した光を測定ヘッド10外に導光し、フォトディテクターで検出してもよい。
【0032】
測色精度を向上させるため、必要に応じて積分球を設けてもよい。
【0033】
また、本発明の測色装置で出力される測色値は、XYZあるいはL***表色系の値に限らず、公知の変換式により、マンセル、L***等の他の表色系の値にすることもできる。
【0034】
本発明の測色装置の応用例としては、皮膚を測色対象物Sとする場合に、測定ヘッド10の外筒13の皮膚との接触部分の温度を変化させて測色することにより、温熱負荷あるいは冷却負荷をかけたときの皮膚の生理学的特徴、例えば、皮膚血管の状態を類推することができ、それにより肌の活性度あるいは健康度を類推することが可能となる。
【0035】
【実施例】
実施例及び比較例
図6に示した測定ヘッドを有する測色装置を用いて、30代の日本人女性5名の頬部を測色対象物とし(試料No.1〜5)、それぞれ10回ずつ測色し、その平均値と標準偏差SDを求めた。この場合、測定ヘッドの重量は約20gであった。
【0036】
一方、比較例として、市販の白色光源を使用し、JIS Z 8722[物体色−測定方法]の規格に準拠して測色する測色器(ミノルタ社製、CM1000)を用いて、実施例と同じ測色対象物(試料No.1〜5)に対して同様に測色した。この測色器の測定ヘッドの重量は約1kgであった。
【0037】
測色データを表1に示す。表1から、実施例と比較例では、ほぼ同様のL***が得られているが、標準偏差については、a*の値が比較例よりも実施例で低いことがわかる。これは、比較例で使用した測色器では、測色部位となった皮膚表面が強く圧迫されて血流が滞るが、実施例で使用した測色装置ではそのような皮膚の圧迫がなかったためと考えられる。このことから、実施例の測色装置によれば、測色対象物の本来の色を正確に測色できることがわかる。
【0038】
【表1】

Figure 0003815903
【0039】
【発明の効果】
本発明の測色装置あるいは測色方法によれば、測定ヘッドに従来使用されていたハロゲンランプあるいはキセノンランプに代えてLED又はSLDを使用するので、測定ヘッドの小型軽量化を図ることができる。したがって、狭い範囲を測色部位とすることが可能となり、顔をはじめとする身体の種々の部位の測色を簡便に行うことができる。また測色装置の耐久性を向上させ、メンテナンスを容易とし、ランニングコストを低下させることができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】 本発明の測色装置の測定ヘッドの概略断面図(同図(a))及び底面図(同図(b))である。
【図2】 本発明の測色装置のブロック図である。
【図3】 測色時のLEDの発光強度と時間の関係図である。
【図4】 傘状フードの作用の説明図である。
【図5】 本発明の他の態様の測色装置の測定ヘッドの底面図である。
【図6】 本発明の他の態様の測色装置の測定ヘッドの底面図である。
【符号の説明】
1 測色装置
10 測定ヘッド
11 フォトダイオード
12 遮光筒
13 外筒
14 開口部
16、16R、16G、16B バンドパスフィルター
17 傘状フード
30 演算手段
LED 発光ダイオード
S 測色対象物
1 測色部位[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a colorimetric device that is particularly suitable for skin colorimetry, in which a measurement head that abuts on a colorimetric object is reduced in size and weight.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Color measuring devices such as a colorimetric spectrophotometer and a photoelectric colorimeter are generally manufactured in accordance with the standard of JIS Z 8722 [object color-measuring method], and the illumination light source is the north side of the sun. Daylight, standard light sources (C, D65, etc.) or ordinary light sources (D55, D50, etc.) which are artificial light sources are used. In particular, white light sources such as halogen lamps and xenon lamps are widely used as ordinary light sources. An integrating sphere is also provided in the measuring head incorporating the illumination light source, and the light emitted from the light source is diffusely reflected by the inner wall surface of the integrating sphere, and the color measurement object is measured from the opening on the bottom surface of the integrating sphere. The color part is diffusely illuminated.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in the conventional colorimetric apparatus, a white light source such as a xenon lamp is provided in the measurement head, and further an integrating sphere is provided, so that the measurement head is considerably bulky. For this reason, color measurement is difficult when color measurement is intended for a narrow range because there are many irregularities such as a face and there are few flat portions.
[0004]
In addition, since a white light source such as a xenon lamp and an integrating sphere are provided, the measurement head cannot be reduced in weight, so the measurement head is held with one hand and is optimal for the colorimetric part of any colorimetric object. It was also difficult to make contact with the pressing force. For this reason, when measuring the skin, there is a problem that the measuring head is pressed against the skin with an excessive pressing force, so that the blood flow stagnate and the skin cannot be measured in a normal state.
[0005]
In addition, xenon lamps have a high running cost due to their low current efficiency, and their lifetime is relatively short, so maintenance is also expensive.
[0006]
The present invention is a colorimetric method that is durable, easy to maintain, can be reduced in size and weight, and can be easily used for colorimetry of the skin including the face, with respect to the problems of the prior art as described above. An object is to provide an apparatus.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present inventors have replaced white light sources such as conventional halogen lamps and xenon lamps as irradiating means for irradiating light for illumination with a white light emitting diode (hereinafter abbreviated as LED) or It has been found that the above object can be achieved by using a luminescent diode such as a super luminescent diode (SLD).
[0008]
That is, the present invention is a color measurement device that uses a face as a colorimetric object, and as a light source for irradiating the colorimetric object, an irradiation means having a white luminescent diode, from the colorimetric object. Light receiving means consisting of a photodetector that receives reflected light and outputs the received light intensity of the reflected light, and an arithmetic means that obtains a colorimetric value based on the received light intensity of the reflected light, measured by the luminescent diode and the photodetector provided in the head, calculating means and the power source is provided outside the measuring head, the weight of the measuring head is not more than 30g, the diameter of the opening of the measuring head to match the colorimetry object is at 30mm or less, the calculating means provided in, luminescent Tsu the illumination circuit for controlling the gate circuit and the emission intensity for controlling the light emission timings of St. diodes, luminescence Tsu when the emission intensity of St. diode split To provide a change to the color measurement apparatus.
[0009]
In the present invention, the colorimetric device of the present invention is brought into contact with the skin, the skin is irradiated with white light from the irradiation means, and the reflected light from the skin of the irradiated light is received by the light receiving means. A colorimetric method for obtaining a colorimetric value based on the colorimetric value is provided.
[0010]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. In addition, in each figure, the same code | symbol represents the same or equivalent component.
[0011]
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of the color measuring device 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention. The color measuring device 1 includes a measuring head 10 and a calculating means 30. FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view (FIG. 1A) and a bottom view (FIG. 1B) of the measuring head 10 of the color measuring device 1. FIG.
[0012]
The measuring head 10 has a light emitting diode (LED) that emits white light as a light source of light irradiating the colorimetric object S, and these installation positions are as shown in FIG. Each is the apex of an equilateral triangle. The length of one side of this equilateral triangle is preferably 40 mm or less, and particularly preferably 5 to 20 mm from the viewpoint of detailed color measurement. A pair of photodiodes 11 are provided as light receiving means at the center of the equilateral triangle formed by these LEDs.
[0013]
Each LED can appropriately change the installation angle with respect to the colorimetric part S 1 from vertical to horizontal, whereby the incident angle of the light emitted from the LED to the colorimetric part S 1 is changed from 0 ° to 90 °. ° It can be changed to near. When the incident angle with respect to the colorimetric part S 1 is too small, the photodiode 11 easily receives the direct surface reflected light of the light source from the colorimetric object S. On the other hand , when the incident angle is too large, the direct light from the LED or the measuring head 10 is obtained. In general, the incident angle with respect to the colorimetric region S 1 is preferably 30 ° to 60 °, more preferably an incident angle of 45 ° and a light receiving angle of 0 °.
[0014]
Each set of photodiodes 11 includes a total of three band-pass filters 16 R , 16 G , and 16 B that pass red light (R), green light (G), or blue light (B) on the front surface thereof. It consists of a photodiode 11. A light shielding tube 12 is provided between the LED and the photodiode 11. A lens is provided at the tip or middle of the light shielding tube 12 as necessary. The LED and photodiode 11 are surrounded by an outer cylinder 13.
[0015]
The outer tube 13 has a circular opening 14 in its bottom, in contact with the color measurement object S as the outer edge of the opening portion 14 surrounds the colorimetric site S 1 to colorimetry at colorimetry site S 1 and The photodiode 11 is shielded from external scattered light. In this case, the diameter of the opening 14 is preferably 30 mm or less, and particularly preferably 3 to 20 mm from the viewpoint of detailed color measurement.
[0016]
Further, depending on the colorimetric object S, the temperature of the colorimetric region S 1 may change due to the contact of the outer cylinder 13, and the colorimetric value may change. Therefore, the end of the outer cylinder 13 in contact with the colorimetric object S As a constituent material of the part, a material in which the temperature of the colorimetric part S 1 does not change as much as possible even when the outer cylinder 13 contacts the colorimetric object S, for example, thermal conductivity 0.001 to 99 Wm −1 K −. 1 , More preferably, it is preferable to use an organic material of 0.001 to 10 Wm −1 K −1 .
[0017]
On the other hand, the calculation means 30 controls the light emission intensity of the LED irradiated to the colorimetric region S 1 and adjusts the light intensity detected by the photodiode 11 through the bandpass filter 16 (16 R , 16 G , 16 B ). The colorimetric value is obtained based on the gate circuit 32, the illumination circuit 31, the I-V circuit 33 R , 33 G , 33 B , the sample hold circuit 34, the subtraction circuit 35 R , 35 G , 35 B , and the buffer circuit. 36 and a calculation processing circuit 37.
[0018]
Here, the gate circuit 32 is a circuit that controls the light emission timing of the LED, and the illumination circuit 31 is a circuit that generates light of a certain intensity in each LED.
[0019]
The photodiode 11 having band pass filters 16 R , 16 G , and 16 B that pass red light (R), green light (G), and blue light (B) provided on the front surface respectively transmits R, G, and B light. The IV circuit 33 converts the received light intensity of each of R, G, and B output from the photodiode 11 from a current value to a voltage value. The sample hold circuit 34 samples and temporarily stores (holds) the received light intensity of each of R, G, and B when the LED emits light, and also samples and temporarily stores the received light intensity of the external scattered light. Then, the subtracting circuit 35 R, 35 G, 35 B is temporarily stored in the sample-and-hold circuit 34, when the LED light emission of R, G, B and the color of the received light intensity, the difference between the received light intensity of external scattered light Thus, the received light intensity of each color of R, G, B from which the influence of the external scattered light has been removed is output. When the output values of R, G, and B obtained in this way are taken into an external detector (a monitor, a computer, etc.), the buffer circuit 36 is configured so that the influence from the external detector is removed. , G and B are output. Then, the calculation processing circuit 37 outputs the R, G, and B output values from the buffer circuit 36 and the R, G, and B output values obtained from the white plate in advance before the color measurement of the color measurement object S, From the light of each color of R, G, B, the ratio of the output values of the colorimetric object S and the white plate is obtained, and the value of the L * a * b * color system (ie L * value = brightness, a * value = reddish, b * value = yellowish).
[0020]
When the colorimetric object S is measured using the colorimetric device 1, first, the opening 14 at the bottom of the outer cylinder 13 of the measuring head 10 is aligned with the colorimetric part S 1 , and the measuring head 10 is moved to the colorimetric object. S is brought into contact with S. Here, the measurement head 10 has a built-in LED, and a xenon lamp and an integrating sphere, which are used in the measurement head of the conventional color measuring device, are unnecessary. Further, only the LED, the bandpass filters 16 R , 16 G , 16 B , the photodiode 11 and the incidental parts such as wiring necessary for operating them are incorporated in the measuring head 10, and the others. Parts (for example, those relating to the computing means 30, the power source, etc.) are provided outside the measuring head 10. Therefore, the measuring head 10 is reduced in size and weight to 30 g or less even when it is held in the hand including the attached cord. Therefore, at the time of alignment or color measurement, the measurement head 10 can be easily held with one hand and brought into contact with an arbitrary color measurement part S 1 while adjusting the pressing force. Therefore, for example, even when the skin is the colorimetric object S, color measurement can be performed without excessively compressing the skin and without damaging the blood flow. In order to adjust the pressing force, a pressure sensor using a spring or the like may be provided in the measuring head 10.
[0021]
When the measuring head 10 is brought into contact with the color measuring object S, the angle formed by the measuring head 10 and the color measuring object S is preferably 90 °, but may be 80 ° to 100 °. When the object S is flexible like skin, the allowable angle can be further expanded. In order to detect the angle between the measuring head 10 and the colorimetric object S, at least three pressure-sensitive sensors described above may be attached to the end of the outer cylinder 13 of the measuring head 10. That is, if the pressure applied to each pressure sensor is equal, the angle formed between the measurement head 10 and the colorimetric object S is vertical, and the measurement head 10 is inclined from the vertical as the pressure applied to each pressure sensor is different. Will be.
[0022]
Further, in the measuring head 10, the following 30mm diameter of the opening 14 to fit the colorimetric site S 1, more preferably it is possible to reduce the order of 3 to 20 mm, human skin, especially as such a face A part having many irregularities and few flat parts can be a colorimetric object. Furthermore, it becomes easy to selectively measure a surface color in a narrow range such as a pigmented portion such as a stain, an eye, a mouth, a lip, a gingiva, a tooth, an eyeball, a scalp, and a nail. In addition, it can be measured even on bare skin and on makeup skin with point makeup such as foundation, lipstick, eye shadow and blusher.
[0023]
After the measurement head 10 is brought into contact with the color measurement object S, the LED is caused to emit light, and the reflected light from the color measurement region S 1 is converted into R, G or B band pass filters 16 R , 16 G , 16 B. The light is received by the photodiode 11. And based on the intensity of the output R, G, B from the photodiodes 11 to obtain tristimulus values of the colorimetric site S 1 (X, Y, Z ) or L * a * b * output values of the color system.
[0024]
At the time of color measurement, each LED may emit light at a constant intensity, but as shown in FIG. 3, the emission intensity of the LED may be changed in a time-sharing manner. Color measurement considering the measurement depth can be performed according to the intensity of light emission. For example, when the colorimetric part S 1 is translucent and has a layered structure like skin, when the emission intensity is weakened, the colorimetric part S 1 is measured at a shallow depth (for example, up to the epidermis) to emit light. When the intensity is increased, it is possible to measure the color of a deeper part (for example, up to the dermis).
[0025]
A specific value of the light emission intensity of the LED can be determined according to the distance between the LED and the colorimetric part S 1 , the distance between the colorimetric part S 1 and the photodiode 11, or the like. In general, the distance between the LED and the colorimetric region S 1 is 1 mm to 50 mm, particularly 1 mm to 20 mm, and the distance between the colorimetric region S 1 and the photodiode 11 is 1 mm to 50 mm, particularly 1 mm to 20 mm. The strength is preferably 0.1 mW to 10 W, particularly 1 mW to 1 W.
[0026]
The present invention can take various modes other than the color measurement device 1 shown in FIG.
[0027]
For example, as shown in FIG. 4 (b), and more reliably prevent the wraparound of the colorimetric site S 1 and the light receiving means of the external scattered light L, to allow accurate color measurement in weak light, As shown in FIG. 4A, an umbrella-shaped hood 17 that covers the end of the outer cylinder 13 on the colorimetric object S side and the outer periphery of the side color portion S 1 is attached to the outer cylinder 13 of the measuring head 10 in FIG. The outer cylinder 13 can be made to have a double structure. In this case, in order to facilitate alignment with the colorimetric part S 1 , a light source for positioning the colorimetric part may be provided in addition to the LED provided as the light source of the irradiating means, if necessary. As the positioning light source, a laser, a light emitting diode, a super luminescent diode, or the like can be used.
[0028]
In the color measurement head 10 of FIG. 1, the LEDs are arranged so as to form the vertices of an equilateral triangle, but the number and arrangement of the LEDs are not limited thereto. For example, in order to reduce irradiation unevenness, as shown in FIG. 5, a number of LEDs are arranged concentrically in the measuring head 10 and a pair of photodiodes 11 for receiving R, G, B light are provided at the center thereof. May be. Further, in order to further reduce the size and weight, one LED and a set of photodiodes 11 may be provided as shown in FIG. In the latter case, since the measurement head can be made smaller, the opening of the measurement head can be further reduced, and therefore, more detailed measurement can be performed. Further, since the irradiation area is narrowed, the effect of reducing irradiation unevenness can be obtained.
[0029]
Instead of the LED, another luminescent diode such as a super luminescent diode (SLD) may be provided.
[0030]
On the other hand, instead of the photodiode 11, other light detectors such as a phototransistor, a photodiode array, and a CCD element can be provided as the light receiving means. By using a photodiode array, a spectral reflectance curve can be obtained. Further, by providing a CCD camera, it is possible to measure the color distribution on the plane.
[0031]
Furthermore, instead of receiving the reflected light from the colorimetric region S 1 in the measuring head 10 through the bandpass filters 16 R , 16 G and 16 B , the colorimetric measurement is performed in the measuring head 10. The reflected light from the part S 1 may be received by an optical fiber, and the received light may be guided out of the measurement head 10 and detected by a photodetector.
[0032]
An integrating sphere may be provided as necessary to improve the colorimetric accuracy.
[0033]
In addition, the colorimetric values output by the colorimetric device of the present invention are not limited to XYZ or L * a * b * color system values, but may be Munsell, L * C * h *, etc. according to a known conversion formula. Other color system values may be used.
[0034]
As an application example of the colorimetric device of the present invention, when the skin is the colorimetric object S, the color is measured by changing the temperature of the contact portion of the outer cylinder 13 of the measuring head 10 with the skin. Physiological characteristics of the skin when a load or a cooling load is applied, for example, the state of skin blood vessels, can be estimated, and thereby the activity or health level of the skin can be estimated.
[0035]
【Example】
Example and Comparative Example Using the color measuring device having the measuring head shown in FIG. 6, the cheeks of five Japanese women in their 30s were used as color measuring objects (sample Nos. 1 to 5), each 10 times. The colors were measured one by one, and the average value and standard deviation SD were obtained. In this case, the weight of the measuring head was about 20 g.
[0036]
On the other hand, as a comparative example, using a commercially available white light source and using a colorimeter (CM1000, manufactured by Minolta Co., Ltd.) that performs color measurement in accordance with the standard of JIS Z 8722 [object color-measurement method] The same color measurement object (sample No. 1-5) was measured in the same manner. The weight of the measuring head of this colorimeter was about 1 kg.
[0037]
Table 1 shows the colorimetric data. From Table 1, in Examples and Comparative Examples, but almost the same L * a * b * are obtained, for the standard deviation, it can be seen that the value of a * is low in Example than in Comparative Example. This is because, in the colorimeter used in the comparative example, the skin surface that became the colorimetric site was strongly pressed and blood flow was delayed, but the colorimetric device used in the example did not have such skin pressure. it is conceivable that. From this, it can be seen that according to the color measurement device of the embodiment, the original color of the color measurement object can be accurately measured.
[0038]
[Table 1]
Figure 0003815903
[0039]
【The invention's effect】
According to the color measuring device or the color measuring method of the present invention, since the LED or SLD is used instead of the halogen lamp or xenon lamp conventionally used for the measuring head, the measuring head can be reduced in size and weight. Therefore, a narrow range can be set as a colorimetric part, and colorimetric measurement of various parts of the body including the face can be easily performed. In addition, the durability of the color measuring device can be improved, maintenance can be facilitated, and running costs can be reduced.
[Brief description of the drawings]
1A and 1B are a schematic cross-sectional view (FIG. 1A) and a bottom view (FIG. 1B) of a measuring head of a color measuring device according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a colorimetric apparatus according to the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a relationship diagram of light emission intensity of LED and time during colorimetry.
FIG. 4 is an explanatory view of the action of an umbrella-shaped hood.
FIG. 5 is a bottom view of a measuring head of a color measuring device according to another embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a bottom view of a measuring head of a color measuring device according to another aspect of the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 colorimeter 10 measuring head 11 a photodiode 12 the light-shielding tube 13 outer tube 14 opening 16,16 R, 16 G, 16 B band-pass filter 17 umbrella hood 30 calculating unit LED light-emitting diodes S colorimetry object S 1 measured Color part

Claims (2)

顔を測色対象物とする測色装置であって、測色対象物に照射する光の光源として、白色のルミネッセントダイオードを有する照射手段、測色対象物からの反射光を受光し、該反射光の受光強度を出力するフォトディテクターからなる受光手段、及び反射光の受光強度に基づいて測色値を求める演算手段からなり、ルミネッセントダイオードとフォトディテクターが測定ヘッド内に設けられ、測定ヘッド外に演算手段と電源が設けられ、測定ヘッドの重さが30g以下であり、測色対象物に合わせる測定ヘッドの開口部の径が30mm以下であり、演算手段に備えられた、ルミネッセントダイオードの発光タイミングを制御するゲート回路と発光強度を制御する照明回路により、ルミネッセントダイオードの発光強度が時分割で変化する測色装置。A colorimetric device having a face as a colorimetric object, as a light source for irradiating the colorimetric object, an irradiation means having a white luminescent diode, receiving reflected light from the colorimetric object, It comprises a light receiving means composed of a photodetector that outputs the received light intensity of the reflected light, and an arithmetic means for obtaining a colorimetric value based on the received light intensity of the reflected light, and a luminescent diode and a photodetector are provided in the measurement head, calculating means and the power supply is provided outside the measuring head, the weight of the measuring head is not more than 30g, the diameter of the opening of the measuring head to match the colorimetry object is at 30mm or less, provided in the operation means, Rumi the lighting circuit for controlling the light emission intensity and a gate circuit for controlling the light emission timings of your St. diode, HakairoSo that changes emission intensity at split luminescent diode . 顔の化粧肌に請求項記載の測色装置を当接させ、照射手段から化粧肌に白色光を照射し、照射した光の化粧肌からの反射光を受光手段で受光し、その受光強度に基づいて測色値を求める化粧肌の測色方法。The color measuring device according to claim 1 is brought into contact with the facial skin of the face, white light is emitted from the irradiating means to the cosmetic skin, and the reflected light of the irradiated light from the cosmetic skin is received by the light receiving means. A method for colorimetry of makeup skin that obtains colorimetric values based on the above.
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