JP3809112B2 - Manufacturing method of tuning fork vibrator - Google Patents

Manufacturing method of tuning fork vibrator Download PDF

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Publication number
JP3809112B2
JP3809112B2 JP2002052715A JP2002052715A JP3809112B2 JP 3809112 B2 JP3809112 B2 JP 3809112B2 JP 2002052715 A JP2002052715 A JP 2002052715A JP 2002052715 A JP2002052715 A JP 2002052715A JP 3809112 B2 JP3809112 B2 JP 3809112B2
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Japan
Prior art keywords
plane
axis
wafers
tuning fork
wafer
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JP2002052715A
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Japanese (ja)
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JP2003258331A (en
Inventor
智 大内
周作 川崎
正数 畑中
義則 高嶋
三十四 梅木
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Panasonic Corp
Nihon Dempa Kogyo Co Ltd
Panasonic Holdings Corp
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Panasonic Corp
Nihon Dempa Kogyo Co Ltd
Matsushita Electric Industrial Co Ltd
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は角速度センサに用いられる音叉振動子の製造方法に関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
近年では、水晶やタンタル酸リチウム(LiTa23)等の単結晶圧電材料を音叉振動子として用いた角速度センサが提案されている。例えば、図3に示すように水晶のZ板(ウエハ)を圧電現象を生ずる電気軸(X軸)が互いに逆方向を向くように重ね合わせ原子レベルで接合し、接合されたウエハをZ軸方向にエッチングして音叉振動子を製造する方法が知られている。図3(a)はウエハとマスクの位置関係を示す断面図である。図3(b)は図3(a)に示すようなマスクが設けられたウエハがZ軸方向にウエットエッチングされた後の音叉振動子の一方のアームの断面形状を示す断面図である。100a,100bは水晶のZ板からなるウエハ、100c,100dはウエハ100a,100bのそれぞれ露出した平面(XY面)、101a,101bは音叉型振動子形状のマスク、102は水晶からなる音叉振動子の一方のアーム、102a,102bは一方のアーム102を構成する片、102c,102dは片102a,102bの突起部である。
【0003】
図3(a)において、圧電現象を生ずる電気軸(X軸)が互いに逆方向を向くように重ね合わせ原子レベルで接合したウエハ100a,100bのそれぞれ露出した平面(XY面)100c,100dには所定の寸法の音叉型振動子形状のマスク101a,101bの各エッジが正確に一致するように位置決めされている。
【0004】
図3(a)に示すようなマスク101a,101bが設けられたウエハ100a,100bをZ軸方向にウエットエッチングすると、図3(b)に示すように片102aの電気軸(X軸)の+側には突起部102cが生じ、電気軸(X軸)の−側にはXY面にほぼ垂直な面(YZ面)が形成される。同様に、片102bの電気軸(X軸)の+側には突起部102dが生じ、電気軸(X軸)の−側にはXY面にほぼ垂直な面(YZ面)が形成される。
【0005】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかしながら、上記のような音叉振動子の製造方法においては、図3(b)に示すように片102aでは突起部102cに相当する面積分だけ片102bの垂直な面(XZ面)より飛び出し、また、片102bでは突起部102dに相当する面積分だけ片102aの垂直な面(YZ面)より飛び出す。このような断面形状をしたアーム102をX軸方向に音叉振動させようとしてもX軸方向から突起部102cと突起部102dを結ぶ方向にやや傾いた斜め振動モードが発生してしまう。これにより、X軸方向への音叉振動の効率が低下するばかりか、斜め振動モードの発生により実際にはY軸まわりに角速度が入力されていないにもかかわらず恰も角速度が入力されたかのようにアーム102をZ軸方向に撓ませる力が発生してしまうという課題を有していた。
【0006】
本発明は、斜め振動モードの発生を抑制し、かつ、音叉振動の効率が高い音叉振動子の製造方法を提供することを目的とするものである。
【0007】
【課題を解決するための手段】
この課題を解決するために本発明の請求項1に記載の発明は、音叉振動子の製造方法において、圧電現象を生ずる電気軸(X軸)とほぼ平行な2つの平面(XY面)を有する単結晶圧電材料からなる2枚のウエハの各平面(XY面)を平滑にする工程と、平滑にされた前記2枚のウエハの各平面(XY面)を親水化処理し水酸基を吸着させる工程と、平面(XY面)に水酸基が吸着された前記2枚のウエハを重ね合わせ熱処理する工程と、熱処理された前記2枚のウエハの内の一方のウエハの露出した平面(XY面)及び他方のウエハの露出した平面(XY面)に、前記ウエハを溶解するエッチング液に対して耐腐食性を有する第1、第2の保護膜を形成する工程と、前記第1、第2の保護膜をそれぞれ少なくとも2本のアームと前記アームを連結する少なくとも1つの基部から構成された音叉型振動子形状にパターニングし第1、第2のマスクを形成する工程と、前記第1、第2のマスクがそれぞれ形成された前記2枚のウエハを前記エッチング液によりエッチングする工程とを備え、前記熱処理する工程では、前記2枚のウエハの電気軸(X軸)が互いに逆方向を向くように、前記2枚のウエハを重ね合わせ熱処理し、前記第1、第2のマスクを形成する工程では、前記アームの幅方向(X軸方向)が前記ウエハの電気軸(X軸)の方向を向くように、かつ、前記ウエハの電気軸(X軸)の負極性の方向に所定量シフトさせて、前記第1、第2のマスクを形成するものである。
【0008】
これにより、アーム内の質量バランスが確保できるため、斜め振動モードの発生が抑制され、かつ、音叉振動の効率が高い音叉振動子を実現することができる。
【0009】
次に、本発明の請求項に記載の発明は、請求項に記載の音叉振動子の製造方法において、単結晶圧電材料を水晶としたものである。
【0010】
これにより、極めて安価な材料を用いながら斜め振動モードの発生が抑制され、かつ、音叉振動の効率が高い音叉振動子を実現することができる。
【0011】
次に、本発明の請求項に記載の発明は、請求項に記載の音叉振動子の製造方法において、水晶からなるウエハをZ板としたものである。
【0012】
これにより、効率的なエッチングが可能となる。
【0013】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下本発明の一実施の形態について図面を用いて説明する。
【0014】
図1は本発明の一実施の形態に係わる音叉振動子を示す斜視図である。図2は同音叉振動子を形成するエッチング方法を示す工程断面図である。
【0015】
図1において、1a,1bはアーム、1cはアーム1a,1bを連結する基部、1はアーム1a,1bと基部1cから構成される水晶音叉型振動子、2a,2bはアーム、2cはアーム2a,2bを連結する基部、2はアーム2a,2bと基部2cから構成される水晶音叉型振動子、3は水晶音叉型振動子1,2においてアーム1aとアーム2aのそれぞれの幅方向(X軸方向)並びにアーム1bとアーム2bのそれぞれの幅方向(X軸方向)が互いに逆方向を向くように接合された角速度センサ用の音叉振動子である。また、3a,3bはそれぞれ接合された角速度センサ用の音叉振動子3のアーム、3cは同音叉振動子3の基部である。
【0016】
本発明は接合された音叉振動子3のアーム3a,3bの断面形状に特徴がある。そこで、図1に示す音叉振動子3のアーム3bを例に、そのA・A断面形状を形成するためのエッチング方法を図2を用いて以下に詳述する。
【0017】
図2において、4,5はZ板と呼ばれる水晶のウエハ、6,7はCr,Auの2層からなる第1、第2の保護膜、8,9は第1、第2のフォトレジストである。
【0018】
図2(a)に示された厚さが約150μmのウエハ4,5の表面(XY面)を研磨により鏡面に加工する。
【0019】
次に、研磨されたウエハ4,5の表面(XY面)を親水化処理し水酸基を吸着させた後、水酸基が吸着された2枚のウエハ4,5の電気軸(X軸)が互いに逆方向を向くように重ね合わせ熱処理する。この熱処理により、重ね合わされた2枚のウエハ4,5の界面から水酸基や水素が離脱することで2枚のウエハ4,5が完全に接合される(図2(b))。
【0020】
次に、接合された2枚のウエハ4,5の露出したそれぞれの平面(XY面)にウエハ4,5を溶解するエッチング液(例えば、弗酸と弗化水素アンモニウムの混合液)に対して耐腐食性を有するCr,Auの2層からなる第1、第2の保護膜6,7を形成する(図2(c))。
【0021】
次に、第1、第2の保護膜6,7の上にそれぞれ第1、第2のフォトレジスト8,9を塗布する(図2(d))。
【0022】
次に、第1、第2のフォトレジスト8,9を露光し、現像することにより、ウエハ4,5に形成したい所定の音叉型振動子形状(例えば、アームの幅d2=280μm)の第1、第2のフォトレジスト8,9のパターンをそれぞれ形成し、この対向する上下の第1、第2のフォトレジスト8,9のパターンが各ウエハ4,5上でそれぞれ電気軸(X軸)の負極性の方向に所定量(d1=7μm)シフトするようにする(図2(e))。図2(e)においては、7μmシフトさせているが、このシフト量はエッチング液の温度、その配合比や接合後のウエハ4,5の厚みと目的とするアーム3bの幅によって適宜変更する必要がある。
【0023】
次に、図2(e)に示した第1、第2のフォトレジスト8,9のパターンをマスクにして第1、第2の保護膜6,7をウエットエッチングする(図2(f))。
【0024】
次に、図2(f)に示した第1、第2のフォトレジスト8,9と第1、第2の保護膜6,7をそれぞれ第1、第2のマスクにしてウエハ4,5を約50℃で、約10時間ウエットエッチングする(図2(g))。図2(g)においては、第1、第2のフォトレジスト8,9のパターンを剥離せずにウエハ4,5をウエットエッチングしているが、ウエハ4,5をウエットエッチングする前に剥離しておいても構わない。
【0025】
次に、図2(h)のようにウエットエッチングする際の第1、第2のマスクとして使用された第1、第2のフォトレジスト8,9及び第1、第2の保護膜6,7を剥離する。
【0026】
図2(h)に示すようにウエットエッチングした後のウエハ4,5のそれぞれの断面(XZ面)の+X軸方向には突起部4a,5aが発生しており、その面積はほぼ等しい。また、ウエハ4,5の露出したそれぞれの平面(XY面)上の+X軸方向の端から突起部4a,5aの先端4b,5bまでの距離d3はほぼ等しく、約20μmである。また、ウエハ4,5のそれぞれの断面(XZ面)の−X軸方向は、ほぼXY面に垂直な形状を有する面4c,5cとなる。また、ウエハ4の露出した平面(XY面)上の+X軸方向の端から面5cまでの距離d1は約7μmである。同様に、ウエハ5の露出した平面(XY面)上の+X軸方向の端から面4cまでの距離d1も約7μmである。
【0027】
また、ウエハ4のB・B線より右側の突起部4aとウエハ5のB・B線より右側の断面部分5dの面積はほぼ等しい。同じく、ウエハ4のC・C線より左側の断面部分4dとウエハ5のC・C線より左側の突起部5aの面積はほぼ等しい。
【0028】
図2においては、図1に示す音叉振動子3の片方のアーム3bの製造方法について説明したが、他方のアーム3aも同一の製造方法により同時に形成され、その断面形状も図2に示したものと同じである。
【0029】
上述のように音叉振動子3の両アーム3a,3bの断面ともに、B・B線より右側の突起部4aとB・B線より右側の断面部分5dの面積がほぼ等しく、また、C・C線より左側の断面部分4dとC・C線より左側の突起部5aの面積もほぼ等しくなる。これにより、両アーム3a,3b内の質量バランスが確保されるため、音叉振動子3の両アーム3a,3bをX軸方向に励振しても斜め振動モードの発生が抑制され、かつ、音叉振動の効率が高くなる。
【0030】
本実施の形態においては、2枚のウエハ同士を先に接合してからエッチングし、所定の音叉振動子を形成する製造方法について説明してきたが、それぞれのウエハを先にエッチングし音叉型振動子を形成した後に、各音叉型振動子のアームの幅方向(X軸方向)が互いに逆方向を向くように重ね合わせて接合し所定の音叉振動子を形成することも可能である。また、上記の製造方法の場合において、ウエハ内に音叉型振動子を残したまま接合する方法とエッチングによりウエハから音叉型振動子を切り離してから接合する方法の二通りある。
【0031】
また、本実施の形態においては、ウエハとして水晶を用いた場合について説明してきたが、これ以外の単結晶圧電材料を用いることも可能である。
【0032】
【発明の効果】
以上のように本発明によれば、圧電現象を生ずる電気軸(X軸)とほぼ平行な2つの平面(XY面)を有する単結晶圧電材料からなる2枚のウエハの各平面(XY面)を平滑にする工程と、平滑にされた前記2枚のウエハの各平面(XY面)を親水化処理し水酸基を吸着させる工程と、平面(XY面)に水酸基が吸着された前記2枚のウエハを重ね合わせ熱処理する工程と、熱処理された前記2枚のウエハの内の一方のウエハの露出した平面(XY面)及び他方のウエハの露出した平面(XY面)に、前記ウエハを溶解するエッチング液に対して耐腐食性を有する第1、第2の保護膜を形成する工程と、前記第1、第2の保護膜をそれぞれ少なくとも2本のアームと前記アームを連結する少なくとも1つの基部から構成された音叉型振動子形状にパターニングし第1、第2のマスクを形成する工程と、前記第1、第2のマスクがそれぞれ形成された前記2枚のウエハを前記エッチング液によりエッチングする工程とを備え、前記熱処理する工程では、前記2枚のウエハの電気軸(X軸)が互いに逆方向を向くように、前記2枚のウエハを重ね合わせ熱処理し、前記第1、第2のマスクを形成する工程では、前記アームの幅方向(X軸方向)が前記ウエハの電気軸(X軸)の方向を向くように、かつ、前記ウエハの電気軸(X軸)の負極性の方向に所定量シフトさせて、前記第1、第2のマスクを形成しているため、アーム内の質量バランスが確保され、斜め振動モードの発生が抑制され、かつ、音叉振動の効率が高い音叉振動子を実現することができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】 本発明の一実施の形態に係わる音叉振動子を示す斜視図
【図2】 同音叉振動子を形成するエッチング方法を示す工程断面図
【図3】 従来の音叉振動子を形成するエッチング方法を示す概略工程断面図
【符号の説明】
1,2 水晶音叉型振動子
1a,1b,2a,2b,3a,3b アーム
1c,2c,3c 基部
3 音叉振動子
4,5 ウエハ
4a,5a 突起部
4b,5b 先端
4c,5c XY面に垂直な形状を有する面
4d C・C線より左側の断面部分
5d B・B線より右側の断面部分
6 第1の保護膜
7 第2の保護膜
8 第1のフォトレジスト
9 第2のフォトレジスト
[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a tuning fork vibrator used in an angular velocity sensor.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In recent years, an angular velocity sensor using a single crystal piezoelectric material such as quartz or lithium tantalate (LiTa 2 O 3 ) as a tuning fork vibrator has been proposed. For example, as shown in FIG. 3, a crystal Z plate (wafer) is superposed and bonded at an atomic level so that electrical axes (X-axis) that cause a piezoelectric phenomenon are opposite to each other, and the bonded wafer is bonded in the Z-axis direction. A method for manufacturing a tuning fork vibrator by etching is known. FIG. 3A is a cross-sectional view showing the positional relationship between the wafer and the mask. FIG. 3B is a sectional view showing the sectional shape of one arm of the tuning fork vibrator after the wafer provided with the mask as shown in FIG. 3A is wet-etched in the Z-axis direction. 100a and 100b are wafers made of a quartz Z plate, 100c and 100d are exposed planes (XY planes) of the wafers 100a and 100b, 101a and 101b are tuning fork vibrator-shaped masks, and 102 is a tuning fork vibrator made of quartz. One arm 102a, 102b is a piece constituting one arm 102, and 102c, 102d are projections of the pieces 102a, 102b.
[0003]
In FIG. 3A, exposed planes (XY planes) 100c and 100d of wafers 100a and 100b which are superposed and bonded at the atomic level so that the electric axes (X axis) causing the piezoelectric phenomenon are opposite to each other are shown on The tuning fork vibrator-shaped masks 101a and 101b having predetermined dimensions are positioned so that the edges of the masks 101a and 101b exactly coincide with each other.
[0004]
When the wafers 100a and 100b provided with the masks 101a and 101b as shown in FIG. 3A are wet-etched in the Z-axis direction, as shown in FIG. 3B, the + of the electric axis (X axis) of the piece 102a. A protrusion 102c is formed on the side, and a surface (YZ plane) substantially perpendicular to the XY plane is formed on the negative side of the electric axis (X axis). Similarly, a protrusion 102d is formed on the + side of the electrical axis (X axis) of the piece 102b, and a surface (YZ plane) substantially perpendicular to the XY plane is formed on the − side of the electrical axis (X axis).
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in the method for manufacturing a tuning fork vibrator as described above, as shown in FIG. 3B, the piece 102a protrudes from the vertical surface (XZ surface) of the piece 102b by an area corresponding to the protrusion 102c. The piece 102b protrudes from the vertical surface (YZ surface) of the piece 102a by an area corresponding to the protrusion 102d. Even if the arm 102 having such a cross-sectional shape is caused to vibrate by tuning fork in the X-axis direction, an oblique vibration mode slightly inclined from the X-axis direction in the direction connecting the protrusion 102c and the protrusion 102d occurs. This not only reduces the efficiency of tuning fork vibration in the X-axis direction, but also causes the arm to appear as if angular velocity has been input even though no angular velocity is actually input around the Y-axis due to the occurrence of the oblique vibration mode. There has been a problem that a force for bending 102 in the Z-axis direction is generated.
[0006]
An object of the present invention is to provide a method for manufacturing a tuning fork vibrator that suppresses the occurrence of an oblique vibration mode and has high tuning fork vibration efficiency.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve this problem, the invention according to claim 1 of the present invention has two planes (XY plane) substantially parallel to an electric axis (X axis) for generating a piezoelectric phenomenon in a method for manufacturing a tuning fork vibrator. A step of smoothing each plane (XY plane) of two wafers made of a single crystal piezoelectric material, and a step of hydrophilizing each plane (XY plane) of the two wafers smoothed to adsorb hydroxyl groups When the plane comprising the steps of hydroxyl groups in (XY plane) is heat-treated heavy roots matching the two upper blade adsorbed, heat-treated exposed plane of one of the wafers of said two wafers (XY plane) and the other wafer exposed plane (XY plane), the U Fine first having corrosion resistance to the etching solution for dissolving and forming a second protective layer, wherein the first, second Each of the protective film with at least two arms and the arms Patterned to the first to at least one base sound or vibrator shape constructed from connecting, forming a second mask, the first, the two second mask is formed, respectively Etching the wafer with the etching solution, and in the heat treatment step, the two wafers are stacked and heat-treated so that the electric axes (X-axis) of the two wafers are opposite to each other. In the step of forming the first and second masks, the width direction (X-axis direction) of the arm is directed to the direction of the electric axis (X-axis) of the wafer and the electric axis of the wafer The first and second masks are formed by shifting a predetermined amount in the negative polarity direction of the (X axis) .
[0008]
Thereby, since the mass balance in the arm can be secured, it is possible to realize a tuning fork vibrator in which the occurrence of the oblique vibration mode is suppressed and the efficiency of tuning fork vibration is high.
[0009]
Next, an invention according to claim 2 of the present invention is the method for manufacturing a tuning fork vibrator according to claim 1 , wherein the single crystal piezoelectric material is quartz.
[0010]
As a result, it is possible to realize a tuning fork vibrator in which the generation of the oblique vibration mode is suppressed while using a very inexpensive material and the efficiency of tuning fork vibration is high.
[0011]
Next, a third aspect of the present invention is the method for manufacturing a tuning fork vibrator according to the second aspect , wherein the wafer made of quartz is a Z plate.
[0012]
Thereby, efficient etching becomes possible.
[0013]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
[0014]
FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a tuning fork vibrator according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a process sectional view showing an etching method for forming the tuning fork vibrator.
[0015]
In FIG. 1, 1a and 1b are arms, 1c is a base for connecting the arms 1a and 1b, 1 is a crystal tuning fork type vibrator composed of arms 1a and 1b and a base 1c, 2a and 2b are arms, and 2c is an arm 2a. , 2b, 2 is a crystal tuning fork type vibrator composed of arms 2a, 2b and base 2c, 3 is a quartz tuning fork type vibrator 1, 2 in the width direction of each of the arms 1a and 2a (X-axis) Direction) and the tuning fork vibrator for an angular velocity sensor joined so that the width directions (X-axis directions) of the arms 1b and 2b are opposite to each other. Reference numerals 3a and 3b denote arms of the tuning-fork vibrator 3 for the angular velocity sensor, and 3c denotes a base part of the tuning-fork vibrator 3.
[0016]
The present invention is characterized by the cross-sectional shapes of the arms 3a and 3b of the joined tuning fork vibrator 3. Accordingly, an etching method for forming the A / A cross-sectional shape of the arm 3b of the tuning fork vibrator 3 shown in FIG. 1 will be described in detail with reference to FIG.
[0017]
In FIG. 2, 4 and 5 are quartz wafers called Z-plates, 6 and 7 are first and second protective films composed of two layers of Cr and Au, and 8 and 9 are first and second photoresists. is there.
[0018]
The surface (XY plane) of the wafers 4 and 5 having a thickness of about 150 μm shown in FIG. 2A is processed into a mirror surface by polishing.
[0019]
Next, after the surface (XY plane) of the polished wafers 4 and 5 is hydrophilized to adsorb hydroxyl groups, the electrical axes (X axes) of the two wafers 4 and 5 to which hydroxyl groups are adsorbed are opposite to each other. Overlay heat treatment to face the direction. By this heat treatment, the two wafers 4 and 5 are completely joined by the removal of the hydroxyl group and hydrogen from the interface between the two wafers 4 and 5 that are superposed (FIG. 2B).
[0020]
Next, with respect to an etching solution (for example, a mixed solution of hydrofluoric acid and ammonium hydrogen fluoride) for dissolving the wafers 4 and 5 on the exposed flat surfaces (XY plane) of the two bonded wafers 4 and 5. First and second protective films 6 and 7 comprising two layers of Cr and Au having corrosion resistance are formed (FIG. 2C).
[0021]
Next, first and second photoresists 8 and 9 are applied on the first and second protective films 6 and 7, respectively (FIG. 2D).
[0022]
Next, the first and second photoresists 8 and 9 are exposed and developed, whereby the first tuning-fork vibrator shape (for example, arm width d2 = 280 μm) to be formed on the wafers 4 and 5 is formed. The patterns of the second photoresists 8 and 9 are respectively formed, and the patterns of the first and second photoresists 8 and 9 that are opposed to each other are arranged on the respective wafers 4 and 5 on the electric axis (X axis). A predetermined amount (d1 = 7 μm) is shifted in the negative polarity direction (FIG. 2E). In FIG. 2E, the shift is performed by 7 μm, but this shift amount needs to be changed appropriately depending on the temperature of the etching solution, the blending ratio, the thickness of the wafers 4 and 5 after bonding, and the width of the target arm 3b. There is.
[0023]
Next, the first and second protective films 6 and 7 are wet-etched using the patterns of the first and second photoresists 8 and 9 shown in FIG. 2E as a mask (FIG. 2F). .
[0024]
Next, the wafers 4 and 5 are formed using the first and second photoresists 8 and 9 and the first and second protective films 6 and 7 shown in FIG. Wet etching is performed at about 50 ° C. for about 10 hours (FIG. 2G). In FIG. 2G, the wafers 4 and 5 are wet-etched without peeling off the patterns of the first and second photoresists 8 and 9, but the wafers 4 and 5 are peeled off before wet-etching. You can leave it.
[0025]
Next, as shown in FIG. 2H, the first and second photoresists 8 and 9 and the first and second protective films 6 and 7 used as the first and second masks in the wet etching are performed. To peel off.
[0026]
As shown in FIG. 2H, protrusions 4a and 5a are generated in the + X-axis direction of the respective cross sections (XZ plane) of the wafers 4 and 5 after the wet etching, and their areas are substantially equal. Further, the distances d3 from the ends in the + X axis direction on the exposed planes (XY plane) of the wafers 4 and 5 to the tips 4b and 5b of the protrusions 4a and 5a are substantially equal and about 20 μm. Further, the −X-axis direction of each cross section (XZ plane) of the wafers 4 and 5 becomes surfaces 4c and 5c having a shape substantially perpendicular to the XY plane. The distance d1 from the end in the + X-axis direction on the exposed plane (XY plane) of the wafer 4 to the plane 5c is about 7 μm. Similarly, the distance d1 from the end in the + X-axis direction on the exposed plane (XY plane) of the wafer 5 to the plane 4c is also about 7 μm.
[0027]
Further, the area of the protrusion 4a on the right side of the wafer 4 from the line B / B and the area of the cross-sectional portion 5d on the right side of the wafer 5 from the line B / B are substantially equal. Similarly, the area of the cross-sectional portion 4d on the left side of the wafer 4 from the line C / C and the protrusion 5a on the left side of the wafer 5 from the line C / C are substantially equal.
[0028]
In FIG. 2, the manufacturing method of one arm 3b of the tuning fork vibrator 3 shown in FIG. 1 has been described, but the other arm 3a is simultaneously formed by the same manufacturing method, and the cross-sectional shape thereof is also shown in FIG. Is the same.
[0029]
As described above, the cross sections of the arms 3a and 3b of the tuning fork vibrator 3 are substantially equal in the area of the protrusion 4a on the right side of the B / B line and the cross-sectional portion 5d on the right side of the B / B line. The area of the cross-sectional portion 4d on the left side of the line and the protrusion 5a on the left side of the C / C line are also substantially equal. As a result, the mass balance in both the arms 3a and 3b is secured, so that even if both the arms 3a and 3b of the tuning fork vibrator 3 are excited in the X-axis direction, the occurrence of the oblique vibration mode is suppressed, and the tuning fork vibration is generated. The efficiency of.
[0030]
In the present embodiment, a manufacturing method has been described in which two wafers are first bonded to each other and then etched to form a predetermined tuning fork vibrator. It is also possible to form a predetermined tuning fork vibrator by superimposing and joining so that the arm width direction (X-axis direction) of each tuning fork type vibrator is directed in the opposite direction. In the case of the above-described manufacturing method, there are two methods: a method of bonding with the tuning fork vibrator remaining in the wafer and a method of bonding after the tuning fork vibrator is separated from the wafer by etching.
[0031]
In the present embodiment, the case where quartz is used as the wafer has been described. However, other single crystal piezoelectric materials can be used.
[0032]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, each plane (XY plane) of two wafers made of a single crystal piezoelectric material having two planes (XY plane) substantially parallel to an electric axis (X axis) that generates a piezoelectric phenomenon. Smoothing the surface of each of the two smoothed wafers (XY plane) and adsorbing hydroxyl groups, and the two wafers having hydroxyl groups adsorbed on the plane (XY plane). a step of heat treating a heavy root alignment the upper teeth, the heat treated the two one wafer exposed plane of the wafer (XY plane) and the other wafer exposed plane (XY plane), the U Fine first having corrosion resistance to the etching solution which dissolves, at least for connecting and forming a second protective layer, said first, said arm and second respective at least two arms of the protective film configured sound or vibrator shape from one base Comprising patterned by first, forming a second mask, the first, and etching by the two wafers which the second mask is formed each of the etchant and the heat treatment In the step, the two wafers are superposed and heat-treated so that the electric axes (X-axis) of the two wafers are opposite to each other, and in the step of forming the first and second masks, The arm width direction (X-axis direction) is directed to the direction of the electric axis (X-axis) of the wafer and is shifted by a predetermined amount in the negative polarity direction of the electric axis (X-axis) of the wafer. Since the first and second masks are formed, it is possible to realize a tuning fork vibrator in which the mass balance in the arm is secured, the occurrence of the oblique vibration mode is suppressed, and the tuning fork vibration efficiency is high.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a tuning fork vibrator according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a process cross-sectional view showing an etching method for forming the tuning fork vibrator. Schematic process cross-sectional view showing the etching method 【Explanation of symbols】
1, 2 Quartz tuning fork type vibrator 1a, 1b, 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b Arm 1c, 2c, 3c Base part 3 Tuning fork vibrator 4, 5 Wafer 4a, 5a Protrusion part 4b, 5b Tip 4c, 5c Vertical to XY plane 4d Cross section on the left side from the C / C line 5d Cross section on the right side from the B / B line 6 First protective film 7 Second protective film 8 First photoresist 9 Second photoresist

Claims (3)

圧電現象を生ずる電気軸(X軸)とほぼ平行な2つの平面(XY面)を有する単結晶圧電材料からなる2枚のウエハの各平面(XY面)を平滑にする工程と、平滑にされた前記2枚のウエハの各平面(XY面)を親水化処理し水酸基を吸着させる工程と、平面(XY面)に水酸基が吸着された前記2枚のウエハを重ね合わせ熱処理する工程と、熱処理された前記2枚のウエハの内の一方のウエハの露出した平面(XY面)及び他方のウエハの露出した平面(XY面)に、前記ウエハを溶解するエッチング液に対して耐腐食性を有する第1、第2の保護膜を形成する工程と、前記第1、第2の保護膜をそれぞれ少なくとも2本のアームと前記アームを連結する少なくとも1つの基部から構成された音叉型振動子形状にパターニングし第1、第2のマスクを形成する工程と、前記第1、第2のマスクがそれぞれ形成された前記2枚のウエハを前記エッチング液によりエッチングする工程とを備え、前記熱処理する工程では、前記2枚のウエハの電気軸(X軸)が互いに逆方向を向くように、前記2枚のウエハを重ね合わせ熱処理し、前記第1、第2のマスクを形成する工程では、前記アームの幅方向(X軸方向)が前記ウエハの電気軸(X軸)の方向を向くように、かつ、前記ウエハの電気軸(X軸)の負極性の方向に所定量シフトさせて、前記第1、第2のマスクを形成する音叉振動子の製造方法。Smoothing each plane (XY plane) of two wafers made of a single crystal piezoelectric material having two planes (XY plane) substantially parallel to the electrical axis (X axis) causing the piezoelectric phenomenon; and adsorbing the respective plane (XY plane) hydrophilized hydroxyl groups of the two wafers, the step of hydroxyl group in the plane (XY plane) is heat-treated heavy roots matching the two upper blade adsorbed , the heat treated the one exposed plane (XY plane) of the wafer of the two wafers and other wafer exposed plane (XY plane), corrosion to the etching solution for dissolving the U Fine first, forming a second protective layer, said first, second protective layer, respectively at least two arms and sound or type that is composed of at least one base connecting said arm having sex first and patterning the vibrator shape, the second Forming a mask, the first, and a step of etching the two wafers which the second mask is formed respectively by the etching solution, in the step of the heat treatment, electrical of the two wafers In the step of superposing and heat-treating the two wafers so that the axes (X-axis) are opposite to each other and forming the first and second masks, the width direction of the arm (X-axis direction) is The first and second masks are formed so as to face the electric axis (X axis) of the wafer and shift a predetermined amount in the negative direction of the electric axis (X axis) of the wafer. A method for manufacturing a tuning fork vibrator. 単結晶圧電材料は、水晶である請求項に記載の音叉振動子の製造方法。Single crystalline piezoelectric material, manufacturing method of the tuning fork oscillator according to claim 1 is a crystal. 水晶からなるウエハは、Z板である請求項に記載の音叉振動子の製造方法。The method for manufacturing a tuning fork vibrator according to claim 2 , wherein the wafer made of quartz is a Z plate.
JP2002052715A 2002-02-28 2002-02-28 Manufacturing method of tuning fork vibrator Expired - Fee Related JP3809112B2 (en)

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