JP3807764B2 - Moving body arc current collecting method and moving body side arc current collecting apparatus - Google Patents

Description

【００３５】
なお、風速１３９ｍ／ｓｅｃは、５００ｋｍ／ｈで走行した場合の風速に相当する。また、エアカーテンガス圧＝０とは、エアカーテンを形成しなかったことを意味する。エアカーテン用には、加圧空気を使用した。一方、シールドガスとは、プラズマ安定化用のシールドガスのことであり、アルゴンガスを用いた。
【００３６】
上記実験の結果から明かな様に、エアカーテンを備えた場合には、５００ｋｍ／ｈでの走行中にアークを安定して維持することが可能であるということが分かる。その場合、ガス圧も５．５ｋｇ／ｃｍ² 程度であるから、上述した様な走行中の風圧を利用した実施例のシステムであっても十分に実用化が可能であることが分かる。また、溶接用のプラズマトーチにエアカーテン形成用の外筒を取り付けることにより、十分に実用に耐えるアーク集電装置を提供できるということも確認できた。従って、本発明のアーク集電方法は、十分に実用化が可能であると判断することができる。
【００３７】
以上、本発明の実施例を説明したが、さらに他の態様にて本発明を実施してもよく、そうした態様も本発明の要旨を逸脱しない限りは本発明の技術的範囲内に含まれるものである。
例えば、図３（Ａ）に示す様に、配管２１，２３の合流部２５にコンプレッサ４１を取り付け、特に低速時の風圧遮弊効果を補助できるようにしてもよい。この場合、常にコンプレッサ４１で空気を加圧することとしてもよいし、低速時にだけ加圧することとしてもよい。常時加圧するシステムでは、実質的にラム圧を利用しない配管設計としても構わない。
【００３８】
また、図３（Ｂ）に示す様に、外筒１３を先太のラッパ状としておいてもよい。この場合、エアカーテン３３は外へと広がる円錐形状となり、内部を圧力の低い状態にするので、アーク３１の安定性を高める効果が期待できる。
さらに、本発明は、磁気浮上式鉄道に限らず、現行方式の鉄道における車上電源供給用に採用しても構わない。この場合、上空ではなく、地上のレール間に導体を敷設すれば、トロリー線用の電柱などが不要となることによる設備コストの低減効果が考えられる。また、現行の接触方式の集電では摩擦音が騒音として問題となるが、こうした摩擦音がなくなることによる騒音低減効果も期待できる。特に、在来方式鉄道でも高速化に当たっての騒音問題は深刻であり、その解決の一助となる。
【００３９】
また、導体も、地面に敷設するのではなく、例えば磁気浮上式鉄道においても上空に設置してもよいし、ガイドウェイとしての側壁に敷設してもよい。さらに、１条に限らず、複数条敷設し、それら全部から集電するようにしてもよいし、いずれかから集電するようにしてもよい。
【００４０】
加えて、鉄道に限らず、工場内の移動装置や新しい交通システムにおいても、本発明の集電方法及び集電装置を適用できることはもちろんである。
また、図４（Ａ），（Ｂ）に示すように、図１の実施例に吹き消し抑制磁場発生装置２０１を設けるとよい。なお、図４（Ｂ）は図４（Ａ）を後方から見た図である。吹き消し抑制磁場発生装置２０１は、電極１１の進行方向後方に設置し、電極１１の進行方向後方に進行方向と直角方向の磁場を発生させる。この磁場により、図４（Ｃ）の▲１▼で示す様に進行方向後方に変形したアークを▲１▼→▲２▼→▲３▼の様に前方へ移動させ、地上導体１上のアーク電極点を電極１１の直下部へと移動させる。これにより、移動体へのアーク集電を一層効率よく行うことができるようになる。なお、磁場の方向は、移動体側から見て、電流が移動体側から固定側に流れているときは時計方向、電流が固定側から移動体側に流れているときは反時計方向とする。この実施例においては、エアカーテンと磁場とを併用すると効果が高いが、低速走行時であれば、磁場だけでアークの吹き消しを抑えるようにしてもよい。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】 実施例のアーク集電方式の説明図である。
【図２】 実験例の説明図である。
【図３】 変形例のアーク集電方式の説明図である。
【図４】 変形例のアーク集電方式の説明図である。
【符号の説明】
１・・・地上導体、１１・・・電極、１３・・・外筒、１５・・・支持部材、１７・・・前進時用空気取り込み口、１９・・・後進時用空気取り込み口、２１，２３・・・配管、２５・・・合流部、２７，２９・・・開閉弁、３１・・・アーク、３３・・・エアカーテン、４１・・・コンプレッサ、１０１・・・プラズマトーチ、１１１・・・外筒、２０１・・・吹き消し抑制磁場発生装置。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention provides a moving object arc collection in which an arc is generated between an electrode provided on a moving object side and a conductor provided on a traveling path of the moving object so that electric power is supplied from the conductor side to the moving object. The present invention relates to an electric current method and an arc current collector on a moving body side.
[0002]
[Prior art and problems to be solved by the invention]
In general electric railways, power is supplied to a vehicle by collecting power by bringing a pantograph on the train side into contact with a trolley line provided above the track.
However, non-contact current collection is desired for future high-speed transportation, especially for the realization of magnetically levitated railways.
[0003]
Therefore, the applicants of the present application laid a conductor rail for power supply on the ground, installed a plasma torch on the bottom of the vehicle body so as to face this, and generated an arc between the plasma torch and the conductor rail, A non-contact type arc current collecting method that supplies electric power from the conductor rail to the vehicle is examined internally.
[0004]
However, in a high-speed vehicle where such an arc current collecting method is desired, a strong wind pressure from the train traveling direction is applied to the arc. For this reason, there is a problem that the arc is caused to flow backward and blown out.
In response to these problems, the applicants examined a method of providing a windproof cover so that the arc did not hit the wind, but concluded that it was not suitable as a practical technology for the following reasons.
[0005]
In order to prevent contact with the ground, it is necessary to provide a gap between the cover and the ground, and the arc is deformed by the wind entering from here. If this gap is wide, it becomes meaningless as a windproof cover, and conversely, the narrower the gap, the faster the wind speed of the invading wind and there is a risk of causing strong deformation to the arc.
[0006]
・ The windshield itself is subject to wind pressure, which causes running resistance of the moving body.
-The windproof cover is more effective as it is closer to the arc, but it is difficult to mount it at a close position due to the heat generated by the arc.
-As the train speed increases, the running resistance increases and the covering itself needs to be enlarged to provide strength.
[0007]
For the reasons described above, it is considered difficult to actually prevent the arc from being blown out.
Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a moving body arc current collecting method as a non-contact current collecting system that can withstand practical use, and a moving body side arc current collecting apparatus therefor.
[0008]
Means for Solving the Problems, Embodiments of the Invention, and Effects of the Invention
The arc collector on the moving body side of the present invention generates an arc between the electrode provided on the moving body side and the conductor provided on the traveling path of the moving body, and supplies power from the conductor side to the moving body. In the moving body arc current collecting method, an outer cylinder is arranged around an electrode, and an air curtain forming means for forming an air curtain by supplying a gas to a gap between the outer cylinder and the electrode is moved. Provided on the body, the air curtain forming means increases or decreases the gas supply speed for the air curtain according to the speed of the moving body.
[0015]
According to this arc current collector, an outer cylinder is arranged around the electrode, and gas is supplied to the gap between the outer cylinder and the electrode, so that the arc is shielded by the air curtain. . Therefore, the wind curtain effect by the air curtain is exhibited both in the forward and reverse directions, and stable arc current collection is always possible. In addition, since the moving body may move backward as well as forward, an air curtain may be formed so as to surround the arc.
As a gas for forming such an air curtain, argon gas or the like is preferable in terms of arc stability, but air may be used.
[0016]
Further, the arc current collector of the moving body side, the air curtain forming means is have a function to increase or decrease the gas supply rate of the air curtain in accordance with the speed of the moving body. That is, it is desirable to form an air curtain that can sufficiently withstand the wind pressure from the front by increasing the gas supply speed as the moving body speed increases. On the other hand, since the wind pressure is not so strong at low speeds, it can be said that a reasonable gas supply speed can be used to enable efficient implementation.
[0017]
In carrying out the method of the present invention, such an outer cylinder method may not be adopted. For example, a large number of gas ejection nozzles are arranged so as to surround the electrode, thereby forming a cylindrical air curtain. It may be. However, in this case, it is necessary to install a large number of nozzles, and there is a problem that the apparatus configuration is complicated and maintenance is troublesome as compared with the outer cylinder type. In this regard, in particular, the outer cylinder system employed in the present invention has the advantage that the device configuration is simple and the maintenance is simple.
[0018]
The arc current collector according to claim 2 generates an arc between an electrode provided on the moving body side and a conductor provided on a traveling path of the moving body, and supplies electric power from the conductor side to the moving body. In the arc collector on the moving body side configured as described above, an air cylinder is formed around the electrode, and an air curtain is formed by supplying a gas to a gap between the outer cylinder and the electrode, The moving body opens in different directions for forward movement and backward movement of the moving body, and when the moving body moves forward, the air taken in from the intake port for forward movement is supplied as an air curtain forming gas. An air intake port having a switching mechanism for supplying air taken in from the reverse intake port as a gas for forming an air curtain at the time of reverse travel, and an air supply path that communicates from the air intake port to the outer cylinder. ,air Ten forming means is characterized by being constituted by placing a compressor as required in the path of feed air supply.
According to such an arc current collector, an outer cylinder is arranged around the electrode, and gas is supplied to the gap between the outer cylinder and the electrode, so that the arc is shielded by an air curtain. It becomes. Therefore, the wind curtain effect by the air curtain is exhibited both in the forward and reverse directions, and stable arc current collection is always possible. In addition, since the moving body may move backward as well as forward, an air curtain may be formed so as to surround the arc.
Further, in the arc current collector, constitute an air curtain forming means by placing the compressor as needed during the air feed path. Thereby, a cylindrical air curtain can be formed using the air around the moving body. The reason why the compressor is arranged as necessary is that, in the case of the following configuration, effective blocking can be achieved by using the ram pressure even without the compressor.
[0019]
That is, in the arc collector on the moving body side, the air intake port opens in different directions for forward movement and backward movement of the mobile body, and the air taken in from the forward intake opening when the moving body moves forward May be provided as a gas for forming the air curtain, and a switching mechanism for supplying the air taken in from the intake port for the reverse movement as the gas for forming the air curtain when the moving body moves backward. According to this arc current collector, air can be naturally taken in from the forward intake port when the moving body moves forward, and the amount of the intake increases as the moving body speed increases. Therefore, if the relationship between the effective cross-sectional area of the air feed path and the effective cross-sectional area of the air intake port is appropriately designed, a sufficient shielding effect can be achieved by the ram pressure, even without applying pressure by the compressor. . If the switching mechanism is operated so that the reverse intake port and the outer cylinder communicate with each other at the time of reverse travel, the air taken in from the reverse intake port can be effectively used to sufficiently provide a shielding effect. Can be achieved.
[0020]
In these arc collectors on the moving body side, if the outer cylinder is opened tapered, it is considered that the action of narrowing the arc by the gas forming the air curtain works, preventing the fluctuation of the arc, It is considered that the stability of the arc can be improved.
[0021]
Conversely, in the above-described arc collector on the moving body side, the outer cylinder may be opened to a thick end. In this case, it is considered that there is an effect of lowering the pressure of the arc portion, and thereby it is possible to provide an environment that matches the nature of the arc such that the stability is increased at a lower pressure. Therefore, the present invention may be realized in such a direction.
[0022]
Further, in the arc collector on the moving body side of the present invention, it is preferable that an arc shielding gas can be ejected so as to form a plasma atmosphere for arc stabilization between the electrode and the air curtain. More effective. That is, the arc is doubly wrapped by the plasma atmosphere forming gas and the air curtain forming gas. Thereby, it is possible to prevent blowout due to wind pressure while further improving the stabilization of the arc.
[0023]
In this case, a metal processing plasma torch can be used as the electrode. On the other hand, an apparatus using a magnetic field generates an arc between an electrode provided on the moving body side and a conductor provided on the traveling path of the moving body, and supplies electric power from the conductor side to the moving body. In the above-described arc collector on the moving body side, a blow-off suppressing magnetic field generator for generating a magnetic field perpendicular to the moving direction is installed on the moving body on the rear side in the moving direction of the electrode.
[0024]
According to this apparatus, an electromagnetic force corresponding to the wind force received by the arc during movement is applied by the blow-out suppressing magnetic field generator, and the arc flows backward due to the wind accompanying the traveling, and the electrode point of the arc on the conductor side is the conductor. It is possible to suppress the deformation of the arc due to the property of adhering to the surface. In addition, by the blow-off suppression magnetic field generator, the electromagnetic force to the conductor side is applied to the arc portion parallel to the conductor, and when the arc flows backward by the wind accompanying the progress, the arc of the conductor parallel portion is pushed to the conductor side, Arc deformation can be suppressed.
[0025]
【Example】
Next, as an embodiment of the present invention, a system for supplying on-vehicle power used for air conditioning, lighting, etc. in a train in a ground-driven magnetic levitation railway will be described.
In the embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, a ground conductor 1 for 750 V power supply is laid along a route of a magnetic levitation railway. And the electrode 11 is attached to the bottom face of the magnetic levitation vehicle which operates by this route so that the top face of the ground conductor 1 may be faced. The electrode 11 is held by a support member 15 at the center of a tapered cylindrical outer cylinder 13 covering the periphery. Further, a forward air intake port 17 that opens forward and a backward air intake port 19 that opens backward are provided on the bottom surface of the vehicle body. These air intake ports 17 and 19 and the outer cylinder 13 are provided. Are connected by pipes 21 and 23. Open / close valves 27 and 29 are arranged before and after the junction 25 of the pipes 21 and 23.
[0026]
In such a system, when the train is advanced, an arc 31 is generated between the electrode 11 and the ground conductor 1 by a pilot arc mechanism (not shown), and the front on-off valve 27 is opened, The on-off valve 29 is closed. When the train moves forward in this state, the air taken in from the forward air intake port 17 is guided to the gap between the outer cylinder 13 and the electrode 11 through the pipe 23. Then, the air curtain 33 is formed so as to be ejected in a cylindrical shape and surround the arc 31. Since the air intake amount for forming the air curtain 33 increases as the train speed increases, the air curtain 33 itself also exhibits a stronger wind pressure shielding effect as the train speed increases. As a result, air supply according to the vehicle speed can be naturally performed, and an appropriate wind pressure shielding effect can always be exhibited.
[0027]
In the case of reverse travel, the open / close state of the valve is switched so that the front on-off valve 27 is closed and the rear on-off valve 29 is opened, contrary to the state of FIG. After that, the arc 31 is stably held by the air curtain 33 due to the same effect as in the forward movement.
In addition, the opening area of each air intake port 17 and 19 and the effective cross-sectional area of each piping 21 and 23 can exhibit the sufficient wind-pressure shielding effect by an air curtain, for example, when drive | working at 500 km / h. Design so that ram pressure can be generated.
[0028]
According to this embodiment, it is only necessary to provide the air intake ports 17 and 19 at appropriate locations on the vehicle body and to arrange the small outer cylinder 13 around the electrode 11, and from the vehicle body to the outside as in the case of providing a windproof cover. Structures that protrude greatly are not added. Therefore, the aerodynamic performance of the train is not adversely affected.
[0029]
Further, since it is sufficient that the air curtain 33 can be formed along the arc 31, the outer cylinder 13 can be kept at a position away from the ground conductor to some extent, and mounting is easy. In addition, since it is not necessary to extend the outer cylinder 13 to a position covering the arc 31 itself, the thermal influence on the outer cylinder 13 is small.
[0030]
Therefore, it can be said that it is a highly feasible arc current collecting method.
In the embodiment, the air curtain is naturally formed by using the ram pressure, and the air pressure shielding performance of the air curtain can be increased or decreased according to the vehicle speed, so that there is no waste and an appropriate wind pressure shielding effect is obtained. Can be realized. In order to realize such an appropriate wind pressure shielding effect, there is also an advantage that a complicated apparatus configuration and complicated control are not necessary.
[0031]
In addition, since the outer cylinder 13 is tapered, the air curtain 33 is formed so as to be in close contact with the arc 31 and acts to narrow down the arc 31 from the surroundings, thereby improving the stability of the arc 31. I can expect.
Next, experimental results for confirming the effects of the above embodiment will be described.
[0032]
As shown in FIG. 2, the experiment was performed using a plasma torch 101 for welding and a rotating disk 103 made of copper. The rotating disk 103 is rotated by a motor 109 via a timing belt 105 and a slip ring 107.
As shown in the figure, the plasma torch 101 was further modified so that an outer curtain 111 was further attached and an air curtain C could be formed outside the arc A and the shield gas B.
[0033]
Further, in order to reproduce the wind pressure during traveling, a blower pipe 113 was installed in the horizontal direction near the tip of the plasma torch 101.
With this experimental apparatus, it was confirmed whether or not the arc could be maintained under the conditions shown in the following table as the arc current 200A.
[0034]
[Table 1]

[0035]
The wind speed of 139 m / sec corresponds to the wind speed when traveling at 500 km / h. Air curtain gas pressure = 0 means that no air curtain was formed. Pressurized air was used for the air curtain. On the other hand, the shielding gas is a shielding gas for stabilizing the plasma, and argon gas was used.
[0036]
As is apparent from the results of the above experiment, it can be seen that when the air curtain is provided, the arc can be stably maintained during traveling at 500 km / h. In this case, since the gas pressure is about 5.5 kg / cm ² , it can be seen that the system of the embodiment using the wind pressure during traveling as described above can be sufficiently put into practical use. It was also confirmed that an arc current collector that can withstand practical use can be provided by attaching an outer cylinder for forming an air curtain to a plasma torch for welding. Therefore, it can be determined that the arc current collecting method of the present invention is sufficiently practical.
[0037]
As mentioned above, although the Example of this invention was described, you may implement this invention in another aspect, and such an aspect is included in the technical scope of this invention, unless it deviates from the summary of this invention. It is.
For example, as shown in FIG. 3A, a compressor 41 may be attached to the merging portion 25 of the pipes 21 and 23 so that the wind pressure shielding effect can be assisted particularly at low speeds. In this case, the air may always be pressurized by the compressor 41, or may be pressurized only at a low speed. In a system that constantly pressurizes, piping design that does not substantially use ram pressure may be used.
[0038]
Further, as shown in FIG. 3B, the outer cylinder 13 may be formed into a thick trumpet shape. In this case, since the air curtain 33 has a conical shape that spreads outward and the inside is in a low pressure state, an effect of increasing the stability of the arc 31 can be expected.
Furthermore, the present invention is not limited to the magnetic levitation railway, and may be used for on-vehicle power supply in current railways. In this case, if a conductor is laid between rails on the ground instead of in the sky, an effect of reducing equipment costs can be considered by eliminating the need for a power pole for a trolley wire. In addition, in the current contact type current collection, frictional noise becomes a problem as noise, but noise reduction effect by eliminating such frictional noise can also be expected. In particular, the noise problem at the time of speeding up is also serious in conventional railways, and it helps to solve it.
[0039]
Also, the conductor may be installed in the sky, for example, in a magnetic levitation railway, or may be installed on a side wall as a guide way, instead of laying on the ground. Furthermore, not only one item, but a plurality of items may be laid and collected from all of them, or may be collected from one of them.
[0040]
In addition, the current collection method and the current collection device of the present invention can be applied not only to railways but also to mobile devices in factories and new transportation systems.
Further, as shown in FIGS. 4A and 4B, a blow-off suppression magnetic field generator 201 may be provided in the embodiment of FIG. FIG. 4B is a view of FIG. 4A viewed from the rear. The blow-off suppression magnetic field generator 201 is installed behind the traveling direction of the electrode 11 and generates a magnetic field perpendicular to the traveling direction behind the traveling direction of the electrode 11. By this magnetic field, the arc deformed backward in the traveling direction as shown by (1) in FIG. 4 (C) is moved forward from (1) → (2) → (3), and the arc on the ground conductor 1 is moved. The electrode point is moved directly below the electrode 11. Thereby, the arc current collection to a moving body can be performed still more efficiently. Note that the direction of the magnetic field is the clockwise direction when viewed from the moving body side, when the current flows from the moving body side to the fixed side, and the counterclockwise direction when the current flows from the fixed side to the moving body side. In this embodiment, when the air curtain and the magnetic field are used in combination, the effect is high. However, if the vehicle is traveling at a low speed, the blow-off of the arc may be suppressed only by the magnetic field.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of an arc current collecting system according to an embodiment.
FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of an experimental example.
FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of a modified arc current collecting method.
FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of a modified arc current collecting method.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Ground conductor, 11 ... Electrode, 13 ... Outer cylinder, 15 ... Support member, 17 ... Air intake port for forward movement, 19 ... Air intake port for backward drive, 21 , 23 ... piping, 25 ... confluence, 27, 29 ... open / close valve, 31 ... arc, 33 ... air curtain, 41 ... compressor, 101 ... plasma torch, 111 ... Outer cylinder, 201 ... Blow-out suppression magnetic field generator.

Claims (7)

In an arc current collector on the moving body side that generates an arc between an electrode provided on the moving body side and a conductor provided on a traveling path of the moving body and supplies electric power from the conductor side to the moving body. ,
  An outer cylinder is arranged around the electrode, and air curtain forming means for forming an air curtain by supplying a gas to a gap between the outer cylinder and the electrode is provided on the moving body,
  The moving body side arc current collector is characterized in that the air curtain forming means increases or decreases a gas supply speed for the air curtain according to the speed of the moving body. In an arc current collector on the moving body side that generates an arc between an electrode provided on the moving body side and a conductor provided on a traveling path of the moving body and supplies electric power from the conductor side to the moving body. ,
  An air curtain forming means for disposing an outer cylinder around the electrode and forming an air curtain by supplying a gas to a gap between the outer cylinder and the electrode;
The moving body is opened in different directions for forward movement and backward movement of the moving body, and air taken in from the forward intake port is supplied as the air curtain forming gas when the moving body moves forward. An air intake port having a switching mechanism for supplying the air taken in from the reverse intake port as the gas for forming the air curtain when the moving object moves backward, and an air supply port that communicates from the air intake port to the outer cylinder. Route,
With
The moving body side arc current collector is characterized in that the air curtain forming means is configured by arranging a compressor in the air supply path as required. 2. The arc collector on the moving body side according to claim 1 , comprising an air intake port and an air supply path that communicates from the air intake port to the outer cylinder to the mobile body, and is necessary in the air supply path. According to the present invention, the air curtain forming means is configured by arranging a compressor in accordance with the arc current collector on the moving body side. In the arc current collector of the movable body side according to any one of claims 1 to 3, the arc current collector of the movable body side, wherein the outer cylinder is opened to the tapered. In the arc current collector of the movable body side according to any one of claims 1 to 3, the arc current collector of the movable body side of the outer tube, characterized in that the opening in the club-shaped. In the arc current collector of the movable body side according to any one of claims 1 to 5, between the electrode and the air curtain, also jetted arc shielding gas to form a plasma atmosphere for arc stabilization An arc current collector on the moving body side, characterized in that it is obtained. The arc collector on the moving body according to claim 6 , wherein a plasma torch for metal working is used as the electrode.

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