JP3798592B2 - Building ventilation structure - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a ventilation structure of a building.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, it is known that an outer wall of a building is formed by fixing an outer wall panel to a wall shaft set fixed to a foundation or a steel beam (see, for example, JP-A-9-328864).
[0003]
In addition, an inner wall is built on the indoor side of the outer wall panel with a certain gap from the outer wall panel, thereby defining the interior of the building (see, for example, JP-A-10-131358).
[0004]
Then, by circulating the outside air through a gap formed between the outer wall and the inner wall, generation of mold and corrosion due to condensation inside the inner wall are prevented, and the durability of the building is enhanced.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
By the way, when forming such a building in a fireproof specification, a fireproof covering material is attached to each steel beam, and the gap between the outer wall and the inner wall is sealed for each floor. As a result, there is a problem that the gap between the outer wall and the inner wall is blocked for each floor and the upper floor cannot be ventilated.
[0006]
This invention is made | formed in view of such a problem, and provides the ventilation structure of the building which can ventilate each floor irrespective of the presence or absence of a fireproof specification.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present invention has a foundation in which ventilation notches are formed at set corners at the outer corner of the top end and an outer wall panel attached between floor beams on the second floor, and is laid on the foundation on the indoor side of the outer wall panel. An inner wall built with a certain gap between the outer wall panel and the floor material on the second floor, a drainage member fixed to the upper end of the outer surface side of the foundation and capable of communicating with the notch for ventilation of the foundation, 1 or a plurality of ventilation gallery provided at the upper part of the outer wall panel, and the outside air guided from the gap between the draining member and the foundation is a notch for ventilation of the foundation, the gap between the outer wall panel and the inner wall, and ventilation. It is characterized by being distributed through the gallery.
[0008]
According to the present invention, the outside air guided from the gap between the water draining member and the outer surface of the foundation is guided to the gap between the outer wall panel and the inner wall through the notch for ventilation of the foundation and flows out from the ventilation louver.
[0009]
As a result, even if the building is fireproof, at least the interior of the inner wall of the first floor can be ventilated, and mold generation and corrosion due to condensation inside the inner wall of the first floor can be prevented. , Can increase durability.
[0010]
The present invention also provides an outer wall panel attached between a steel beam on the foundation or lower floor and the steel beam on the upper floor, and a floor material laid on the foundation or steel beam on the indoor side of the outer wall panel and the steel beam on the upper floor. An inner wall built with a certain gap from the outer wall panel, a sash unit disposed facing the opening defined by the outer wall panel, and one provided on the upper part of the sash unit of the outer wall panel Or a plurality of ventilation gallery, and a ventilation hole is formed in the upper draining plate of the sash unit, and the outside air guided from the ventilation hole of the sash unit flows through the gap between the outer wall panel and the inner wall and the ventilation gallery. It is characterized by.
[0011]
According to the present invention, the outside air guided from the vent formed in the upper draining plate of the sash unit is guided to the gap between the outer wall panel and the inner wall and flows out from the vent gallery.
[0012]
As a result, even if the building is fire-resistant, it is possible to ventilate at least the interior walls of each floor with windows, and prevent mold generation and corrosion due to condensation inside the interior walls of each floor. Can improve durability.
[0013]
In the present invention, when the damper main body held via the temperature fuse is pivotally supported at the position where the vent hole is opened in the upper draining plate of the sash unit, the outside air is usually guided through the vent hole for ventilation. On the other hand, in the event of a fire, the thermal fuse is melted, so that the damper main body can be rotated to close the vent and prevent the outside air from being guided to the inside.
[0014]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, embodiments of a building ventilation structure of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
[0015]
First, before describing the ventilation structure of the present invention, an outline of the building X will be described.
As shown in FIG. 7, the building X is exemplified by a three-story structure. The main structure of the building X is a steel structure composed of a steel beam H and a steel column (not shown), and a foundation K and an upper-level steel frame. A plurality of outer wall panels 1 are formed between the beams H and between the steel beam on the lower floor and the steel beam H on the upper floor, and form the outer wall of each floor.
[0016]
The steel beam H and the steel column constituting the steel structure are made of steel having a H-shaped cross section, and the second and third floor beams and the third floor are connected by a plurality of steel beams H connected to each other. Slab beams are respectively formed, and these floor beams and slab beams are supported by steel columns (not shown).
[0017]
Each steel beam (floor beam) H excluding the foundation K and the uppermost steel beam H is provided with a flooring 10, and the uppermost steel beam (shed beam) H has an exterior rooftop. A flooring 30 is laid. Further, on the indoor side of the outer wall panel 1, between the floor material 10 laid on the foundation K and the floor beam H on the second floor, between the floor material 10 laid on the floor beam H on the second floor and the floor beam H on the third floor, Between the floor material 10 laid on the floor beam H on the third floor and the shed beam H on the third floor, the inner wall 20 is erected with a certain gap S from the outer wall panel 1.
[0018]
FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of a building ventilation structure according to the present invention.
This ventilation structure ventilates the first floor, and is laid on the foundation K on the outside wall panel 1 attached between the foundation K of the building X and the floor beam H on the second floor, and on the indoor side of the outer wall panel 1. An inner wall 20 built with a certain gap S between the outer wall panel 1 and the floor beam 10 on the second floor, a draining member 6 fixed to the outer surface side upper end of the foundation K, and the outer wall Ventilation gallery 7 provided in the upper part of panel 1 is comprised, and notch part k for ventilation is formed in foundation K at the set interval at the corner of the top end outside.
[0019]
The outer wall panel 1 is a hollow unreinforced cement extrusion-molded product, as shown in FIG. 8, having a plurality of hollow portions 1a penetrating in the vertical direction, and one hollow portion 1a in the vicinity of the four corners on the back surface side. Pilot holes 1b are formed in communication with each other, and nut fittings 5 respectively inserted from the upper and lower ends of one hollow portion 1a are disposed in each pilot hole.
[0020]
In order to attach such an outer wall panel 1 between the foundation K and the floor beam H on the second floor and between the steel beam H on the lower floor and the steel beam H on the upper floor, a predetermined area near the four corners on the back side of the outer wall panel 1 is used. An engagement fitting 2 having an engagement portion 2a at a position is fixed via a bolt B and a nut fitting 5, and an upper flange h1 of each steel beam H excluding the foundation K and the uppermost steel beam (shed beam) H. A lower mounting member 3 (see FIGS. 9 and 10) formed by welding a channel material having a plurality of support plates 31 and lip portions 32a is fixed via bolts and nuts, and each steel beam H An upper mounting member 4 (see FIG. 11) formed by welding a channel material having a plurality of mounting plates 41 and lip portions 42a to a lower flange h2 (floor beam, shed beam) is fixed via a bolt and nut. Has been.
[0021]
And although not explained in detail, the lower end of the outer wall panel 1 to which the engagement metal fittings 2 are respectively fixed at predetermined positions near the four corners on the back side is placed on the outdoor projecting portion of the support plate 31 of the lower mounting member 3. Then, the back surface is brought into contact with the outer surface of the channel member 32 of the lower mounting member 3 and the outer surface of the channel member 42 of the upper mounting member 4, and the engaging portions 2 a of the respective fittings 2 are connected to the channel member 32 of the lower mounting member 3. The outer wall panel 1 is engaged with the lip portion 32a of the upper mounting member 4 and the lip portion 42a of the channel member 42 of the upper mounting member 4, and the bolt B is tightened to fasten the engagement fitting 2 to the nut fitting 5 of the outer wall panel 1. It can be fixed over the steel beam H on the foundation K or the lower floor and the steel beam H on the upper floor.
[0022]
The flooring 10 is a floor unit placed on a joist support 103 fixed to the foundation K, and a heat insulating material 101 such as foamed plastic is disposed in a wooden frame (not shown) that is rectangularly framed. A floor board 102 such as a plywood is fixed on a frame material.
[0023]
A notch 101a is formed on the lower surface of the heat insulating material 101 of the flooring 10, and the gap S between the outer wall panel 1 and the inner wall 20 and the underfloor space are communicated with each other through the notch 101a.
[0024]
The inner wall 20 is provided with a heat insulating material 202 such as rock wool or glass wool on the outdoor side of a wooden inner wall frame 201 that is rectangularly framed by vertical and horizontal rails, and a waterproof and moisture-proof sheet (see FIG. A heat insulating inner wall base panel 203 and an inner wall board 204 such as a gypsum board attached to the indoor side of the heat insulating inner wall base panel 203. The upper end portion is fixed to a fixing bracket (not shown) attached to the lower flange h <b> 2 of the floor beam H, and the lower end portion is fixed to the floor plate 102 of the floor material 10 with a nail.
[0025]
Each steel beam H is provided with a wrapping type fireproof covering material F that surrounds the interior side of the steel beam H, but the fireproof covering material F at a position corresponding to the fixing bracket is cut off to fix the fixing bracket to the fireproof covering material. The heat insulating inner wall base panel 203 is attached by being exposed to the outer surface of F.
[0026]
The draining member 6 includes a connection member 61 fixed to the outer surface side upper end portion of the foundation K with a set interval, and a long draining body 62 fitted over these connection members 61. A constant gap is formed between the inner end and the foundation K. A sealing member 64 is filled between the lower end of the outer wall panel 1 and the draining main body 62 of the draining member 6 via a backup material 63.
[0027]
For this reason, rain water and the like are prevented from entering through the notch k for the ventilation of the foundation K, and the outside air is passed through the notch k for the ventilation of the foundation K from the gap between the lower inner end of the draining body 62 and the outer surface of the foundation K. It is possible to guide the gap S between the outer wall panel 1 and the inner wall 20.
[0028]
As shown in FIG. 2, the ventilation gallery 7 includes a gallery main body 71 and a front hood 72 that covers the front surface of the gallery main body 71. The ventilation gallery 7 is formed in a pilot hole 1 c formed through the front and back of the outer wall panel 1. After the base portion of the louver main body 71 is inserted and screwed, the front hood 72 is attached to the louver main body 71 and screwed to attach to the outer wall panel 1. The contact portion between the louver main body 71 and the surface of the outer wall panel 1 is filled with a sealing material to prevent rainwater or the like from entering the indoor side through the pilot hole 1c of the outer wall panel 1.
[0029]
Note that a backup material 73 is provided on the contact surface of the gallery main body 71 with the surface of the outer wall panel 1 so as to surround the prepared hole 1c of the outer wall panel 1 in order to back up the sealing material.
[0030]
Accordingly, the outside air is led from the gap between the lower inner end of the draining body 62 of the draining member 7 and the outer surface of the foundation K, and led to the gap S between the outer wall panel 1 and the inner wall 20 through the ventilation notch k of the foundation K. Can do. A part of the outside air guided to the gap S between the outer wall panel 1 and the inner wall 20 flows into the underfloor space through the notch 101a of the flooring 10, and rises through the gap S and flows out from the ventilation gallery 7.
[0031]
As a result, the inside of the inner wall 20 on the first floor can be ventilated, mold generation and corrosion due to condensation inside the inner wall 20 can be prevented, and the durability of the building X can be improved.
[0032]
3 to 5 show another embodiment of the building ventilation structure of the present invention. This ventilation structure ventilates when a window is formed on the first floor, and the outer wall panel 1 attached between the steel beam H on the lower floor of the building X and the steel beam H on the upper floor, and the outer wall panel 1, an inner wall 20 built with a certain gap S between the outer wall panel 1 and a floor material 10 laid on a steel beam H on the lower floor and a steel beam H on the upper floor, and an outer wall panel The sash unit 8 is disposed to face the opening partitioned by 1 and the ventilation gallery 7 attached to the outer wall panel 1 above the sash unit 8.
[0033]
The outer wall panel 1 is composed of an upper window panel 1U, a lower window panel 1D, and left and right window side panels 1L and 1R, and is opened by each upper window panel 1U, lower window panel 1D and left and right window side panels 1L and 1R. Is partitioned. The upper window panel 1U, the lower window panel 1D, and the left and right window side panels 1L and 1R are attached between the lower-level steel beam H and the upper-level steel beam H, although not described in detail. Along with the opening frame 9 composed of the vertical bars 9L, 9R and the upper and lower horizontal bars 9U, 9D connected to the upper and lower sides of the vertical bars 9L, 9R, the above-described engagement fitting 2, the lower mounting member 3 and the upper part Each of them is attached using the attachment member 4.
[0034]
The opening frame 9 has openings formed by left and right vertical bars 9L and 9R and upper and lower horizontal bars 9U and 9D. The left and right vertical bars 9L and 9R and the upper horizontal bars 9U facing the opening are formed. Each web is formed with a plurality of small holes 9a at set intervals.
[0035]
The sash unit 8 is a commercially available aluminum sash unit, and includes left and right vertical frames 81L and 81R, and an upper frame 81U and a lower frame 81D respectively connected to upper and lower ends of the left and right vertical frames 81L and 81R. And two sliding glass shojis 82 and 82 slidably disposed in the space formed by the left and right vertical frames 81L and 81R, the upper frame 81U and the lower frame 81D, and the upper frame An upper draining plate 83 and a lower draining plate 84 are connected to 81U and the lower frame 81D, respectively. These draining plates 83 and 84 are extended in the opening of the outer wall panel 1 defined by the upper window panel 1U, the lower window panel 1D, and the left and right window side panels 1L and 1R.
[0036]
The sash unit 8 is disposed in an opening formed by the left and right vertical bars 9L and 9R and the upper and lower horizontal bars 9U and 9D of the opening frame 9, and the left and right vertical bars 9L and 9R of the opening frame 9 and the upper and lower It is suitably fixed to the horizontal rails 9U and 9D.
[0037]
The upper draining plate 83 connected to the upper frame 8U of the sash unit 8 is formed with a plurality of ventilation holes 83a at intervals in the longitudinal direction, and the damper 40 is attached facing the ventilation holes 83a. It has been.
[0038]
As shown in FIG. 6, the damper 40 includes an attachment portion 401 fixed to the upper draining plate 83, a damper main body 403 pivotally supported on the attachment portion 401 via a spring 402, and a damper main body 403. The temperature fuse 404 is configured to hold the vent 83a of the upper draining plate 83 in a position to open against the biasing force of the spring 402.
[0039]
Therefore, although the damper main body 403 normally opens the vent 83 a of the upper draining plate 83, the damper main body 403 is drained by the urging force of the spring 402 when the thermal fuse 404 is melted by receiving heat from a fire. The plate 83 is held at a position to close the vent 83a. For this reason, it is possible to prevent outside air from entering the inside through the vent 83a of the draining plate 83 in the event of a fire.
[0040]
The floor material 10 is configured by laying a floor plate 102 on a floor base material 103 such as an ALC plate (see FIG. 1).
[0041]
In addition, as described above, the inner wall 20 is provided with the heat insulating material 202 on the outdoor side of the inner wall frame 201 and the heat insulating inner wall base panel 203 formed by attaching a waterproof and moisture-proof sheet (not shown) to one surface of the inner wall frame 201. And an inner wall board 204 such as a gypsum board attached to the indoor side of the heat insulating inner wall base panel 203.
[0042]
However, an opening 201x is formed in the inner wall frame 201 of the inner wall 20 of this embodiment so as to face the sash unit 8, and a window frame 205 inserted through the opening 201x is fixed.
[0043]
The ventilation gallery 7 is the same as described above, and the description thereof is omitted.
In this case, although the ventilation gallery 7 provided in the window upper panel 1U is illustrated, it is not necessarily provided in the window upper panel 1U, and may be attached to an upper part of an arbitrary outer wall panel 1 on each floor where the window is formed.
[0044]
Therefore, the outside air passes through the ventilation holes 83a formed in the upper draining plate 83 of the sash unit 8 and the small holes 9a formed in the left and right vertical rails 9L and 9R and the upper horizontal rail 9U, respectively. The outside air guided to the gap S between the outer wall panel 1 and the inner wall 20 rises through the gap S and flows out from the ventilation gallery 7.
[0045]
As a result, it is possible to ventilate the inside of the inner wall 20 of each floor where the windows are formed, to prevent mold generation and corrosion due to condensation inside the inner wall 20, and to enhance the durability of the building X.
[0046]
In the above-described embodiment, in the fire-resistant building X in which each steel beam H is attached with the fire-resistant covering material F, the building is ventilated for each floor, but the present invention can also be applied to a building that is not fire-resistant. . In this case, it is not always necessary to install the ventilation gallery 7 for each floor, and at least one or more ventilation gallery 7 may be provided on the upper part of the outer wall panel 1 that forms the outer wall of the uppermost floor.
[0047]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, even if the building is formed to be fireproof, at least the first floor or the inside of the inner wall of each floor provided with a window can be ventilated, and condensation is formed inside the inner wall of each floor. Mold generation and corrosion can be prevented, and the durability of the building can be improved.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a building ventilation structure according to an embodiment of the present invention with a part thereof omitted.
FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view for explaining a ventilation louver and its mounting procedure.
FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing another embodiment of a building ventilation structure according to the present invention.
4 is a longitudinal sectional view showing the ventilation structure of FIG. 3 with a part thereof omitted.
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing the ventilation structure of FIG. 3 with a part thereof omitted.
FIG. 6 is a sectional view of a damper provided on the upper draining plate and the upper draining plate.
FIG. 7 is a schematic view schematically showing a building provided with the ventilation structure of the present invention.
FIG. 8 is an exploded perspective view showing a relationship between an outer wall panel and a nut fitting disposed on the outer wall panel and an engagement fitting.
FIG. 9 is a perspective view showing a relationship between an outer wall panel and a lower mounting member provided on a foundation.
FIG. 10 is a perspective view showing the relationship between an outer wall panel and a lower mounting member provided on a steel beam.
FIG. 11 is a perspective view showing a relationship between an outer wall panel and an upper mounting member provided on a steel beam.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Outer wall panel 1U Window upper panel 1D Window lower panel 1L, 1R Window side panel 2 Engagement metal fitting 3 Lower attachment member 4 Upper attachment member 5 Nut metal fitting 6 Drainage member 61 Connection member 62 Drainage main body 7 Ventilation gull 71 Galley main body 72 Front hood 8 Sash Unit 83 Upper Draining Plate 83a Vent 9 Open Frame 10 Floor Material 20 Inner Wall 40 Damper 403 Damper Body H Steel Beam F Fireproof Coating K Foundation k Ventilation Notch S Clearance between Outer Wall Panel and Inner Wall

Claims (3)

A foundation in which ventilation notches are formed at set corners on the outer corner of the top edge and an outer wall panel attached between floor beams on the second floor, and floor material laid on the foundation on the indoor side of the outer wall panel and 2 An inner wall built with a certain gap between the outer wall panel and the floor beams on the floor, a drainage member fixed to the upper end of the outer surface side of the foundation and communicating with the notch for ventilation of the foundation, and the upper part of the outer wall panel 1 or a plurality of ventilation gallery provided on the outside, and the outside air guided from the gap between the draining member and the foundation circulates through the ventilation notch for the foundation, the gap between the outer wall panel and the inner wall, and the ventilation gallery. Ventilation structure of a building characterized by that. The outer wall panel attached between the steel beam of the foundation or the lower floor and the steel beam of the upper floor, and on the room side of the outer wall panel, the outer wall panel and the floor panel laid on the foundation or the steel beam and the outer wall panel and the upper floor An inner wall built with a gap, a sash unit disposed facing the opening defined by the outer wall panel, and one or more ventilation gallery provided on the outer wall panel at the top of the sash unit A ventilation hole is formed in the upper draining plate of the sash unit, and outside air guided from the ventilation hole of the sash unit flows through a gap between the outer wall panel and the inner wall and a ventilation gallery. Ventilation structure. 3. The ventilation of a building according to claim 2, wherein a damper body held via a thermal fuse is pivotally supported at a position where the vent is opened on the upper draining plate of the sash unit. Construction.

Images