JP3797970B2 - Molding improver for plant candles - Google Patents

Molding improver for plant candles Download PDF

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Publication number
JP3797970B2
JP3797970B2 JP2002332761A JP2002332761A JP3797970B2 JP 3797970 B2 JP3797970 B2 JP 3797970B2 JP 2002332761 A JP2002332761 A JP 2002332761A JP 2002332761 A JP2002332761 A JP 2002332761A JP 3797970 B2 JP3797970 B2 JP 3797970B2
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Japan
Prior art keywords
fatty acid
oil
candles
vegetable
oils
Prior art date
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JP2002332761A
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Japanese (ja)
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JP2004168797A (en
Inventor
年秀 花野
重平 栗山
光宏 阪本
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Sakamoto Yakuhin Kogyo Co Ltd
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Sakamoto Yakuhin Kogyo Co Ltd
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は植物性ろうそくに対して成型性改善効果のあるグリセリン脂肪酸エステル及びポリグリセリン脂肪酸エステルに関するものであり、更に詳しくは本発明の成型性改善剤を添加することで、植物油を原料として使用しても、均一な状態で使用性が良く、製造時の成型性が改善される植物性ろうそく用油脂及びこの油脂を用いて製造されるろうそくに関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
従来、ろうそくとしてはステアリン酸を主成分としたもの、木ろう、密ろう、カルナウバろう、モンタンろうなどの天然ろうが原料となっていたが、これら天然のろうは高価であり、また均質のものが得られにくいほか、安定に入手できないという欠点があった。その後、安価でより成型性の優れた石油系パラフィンワックスが用いられるようになった。
【0003】
しかしながら、石油系パラフィンワックスを用いたろうそくは、成型時の離型性が悪い、燃焼時に黒煙、排気ガス、異様な臭いを発するという欠点がある。そこで、鉱油を添加する方法(特許文献1参照。)、アルキル基の炭素数が2〜5のアレキレングリコールを添加する方法 (特許文献2参照。) などが開示されている。しかし、これらの方法を用いても離型性は改善されるが、特有の黒煙、臭いの問題は残されている。
【0004】
【特許文献1】
特開平10−237481号公報
【特許文献2】
特開平11−269389号公報
【0005】
また、パラフィンワックスは石油から得られるため、環境面においても石油枯渇問題、環境破壊問題等、数多くの問題を抱えているのが現状である。
【0006】
そこで、最近、ろうそく用の油脂として、天然ろうやパラフィンワックスの代わりに、植物油から得られる硬化油を使用する方法が注目されてきた。この植物硬化油は、植物油から液状油を分別した後の副産物として得られることが多く、安価であり、大量供給することが可能である。更に、植物油を用いたろうそくは、パラフィンワックスを用いたろうそくに特有な燃焼時の黒煙、排気ガス、異臭等の欠点を解消し、現状のろうそくが抱える石油枯渇問題、環境破壊問題等、数多くの問題に対応することができる。
【0007】
しかし、上記の植物硬化油のみではろうそくに成型する際、油脂の固化状態が悪く、粗大結晶の発生により表面が粗くなり、更にひび割れが生じるなど、パラフィンワックス等に比べて一般的なろうそくの形に成型することは難しいという問題を抱えている。植物硬化油を用いたろうそくの製造法としては、凝固油にマーガリンを混合する方法(特許文献3参照。)が開示されている。しかし、この方法では天然ろうやパラフィンワックスなどを用いたろうそくに特有の黒煙や臭いを低減させることはできるが、ろうそくの表面が粗くなるなど、植物性ろうそくの成型性に関する問題は残されたままである。
【0008】
【特許文献3】
特開平6−145692号公報
【0009】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
従って、本発明は植物性ろうそくを成型する際の固化状態の悪化やひび割れを防止する、いわゆる成型性を改善することのできるグリセリン脂肪酸エステル及びポリグリセリン脂肪酸エステルを提供することを目的とする。また、本発明は上記成型性改善剤を含むことにより、成型性が改善された植物性ろうそく用油脂及びこの油脂を用いて製造された植物性ろうそくを提供することを目的とする。
【0010】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記の課題を解決するために、本発明者が鋭意研究を重ねた結果、グリセリン脂肪酸エステル及び/又はポリグリセリン脂肪酸エステルを植物性ろうそく用油脂に添加することによって、上記の課題を解決することができるという知見を見いだした。
【0011】
本発明は、上記知見に基づいてなされたものであって、その要旨は、上記グリセリン脂肪酸エステル及びポリグリセリン脂肪酸エステルの構成脂肪酸が、炭素数8〜22の飽和脂肪酸及び不飽和脂肪酸より1種又は2種以上選ばれたものよりなることを特徴とするものである。
【0012】
また本発明の内容としては、上記グリセリン脂肪酸エステル及び/又はポリグリセリン脂肪酸エステルを使用した植物性ろうそく用油脂及びこの油脂を用いて製造された植物性ろうそくを含んでいる。
【0013】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明を詳細に説明する。本発明におけるグリセリン脂肪酸エステルは脂肪酸モノグリセリドや脂肪酸ジグリセリドなど一般的にグリセリン脂肪酸エステルの範疇に入るものであれば特に限定はされない。また、本発明のポリグリセリン脂肪酸エステルに使用するポリグリセリンは、水酸基価から算出した平均重合度が2以上であればよいが、好ましくは2〜20の範囲である。グリセリン脂肪酸エステル及びポリグリセリン脂肪酸エステルは単独であるいは複数を組み合わせて使用しても良い。
【0014】
本発明におけるグリセリン脂肪酸エステル及びポリグリセリン脂肪酸エステルの構成脂肪酸は、炭素数8〜22の飽和脂肪酸及び不飽和脂肪酸より1種又は2種以上選ばれたものであり、好ましくは炭素数14〜18の飽和脂肪酸及び不飽和脂肪酸より1種又は2種以上選ばれたものが良い。
【0015】
本発明のグリセリン脂肪酸エステル及びポリグリセリン脂肪酸エステルのグリセリン及びポリグリセリンに対する脂肪酸のエステル化率は特に限定するものではないが、好ましくは20%以上である。エステル化率が20%未満であれば、油脂との相溶性が低下するため好ましくない。
【0016】
本発明のグリセリン脂肪酸エステル及びポリグリセリン脂肪酸エステルの使用量は、通常油脂に対し0.01重量%〜50重量%が好ましく、0.1重量%〜30重量%が特に好ましい。0.01重量%以下であれば本発明の効果が期待しがたく、50重量%であればグリセリン脂肪酸エステル及び/又はポリグリセリン脂肪酸エステルが主成分となり本発明の意図にそぐわないため好ましくない。
【0017】
本発明における植物性ろうそく用油脂とは植物由来のものであれば特に制限はないが、脱臭工程前の脱色油のほか、抽出油、原油、脱酸油、脱ガム油、脱ロウ油等の工程油及び精製油も用いることができる。植物油としては、大豆油、大豆胚芽油、菜種油、コーン油、ゴマ油、ゴマサラダ油、シソ油、亜麻仁油、落花生油、紅花油、高オレイン酸紅花油、ひまわり油、高オレイン酸ひまわり油、綿実油、ブドウ種子油、マカデミアナッツ油、ヘーゼルナッツ油、カボチャ種子油、クルミ油、椿油、茶実油、エゴマ油、ボラージ油、オリーブ油、米糖油、小麦胚芽油、パーム油、パーム核油、ヤシ油、カカオ脂、藻類油、中鎖トリグリセライド、ジグリセライド、品質改良によって低飽和化されたこれらの油脂及びこれらの水素添加油脂、分別油脂、混合油脂が含まれるがこれらに限定されるものではない。
【0018】
本発明の植物性ろうそくとは植物由来の油脂を主成分としたろうそくであれば特に限定するものではなく、どのような形態のものであってもかまわない。
【0019】
本発明の植物性ろうそく用油脂を用いた植物性ろうそくの製造法は特に限定するものではなく、具体例としてはモールディング法、ディッピング法、ローリング法、プレス法等が挙げられる。また、2つ以上の製造法を併用してもよい。また、油脂の性状に影響を与えない限りにおいて、他の添加剤を添加しても良い。他の添加剤の具体例としては、潤滑油等の鉱油、パラフィンワックス、マイクロクリスタリンワックス、ペトロラタム等の石油ワックス、木ろう、密ろう、モンタンろう、カルナバろう、米ぬかろう、キャンデリラろう、ライスワックス、ホホバ油、ラノリン等の動植物ろう、ポリエチレンワックス、フィシャートプシーワックス、エステルワックス等の合成ワックス、酸化パラフィンワックス、酸化マイクロクリスタリンワックス、酸化ポリエチレンワックス、酸化オレフィン等の酸化ワックス、ステアリン酸、パルミチン酸等の脂肪酸、分子量200〜12000程度の直鎖ポリエチレン、メルトインデックス1〜70程度のポリエチレン、メルトインデックス2〜50程度のエチレン−酢酸ビニル供重合物またはこれらの混合物が挙げられる。
【0020】
【実施例】
次に、本発明を実施例及び比較例により詳細に説明するが、本発明はこれらの例によって何ら制限されるものではない。尚、原料として用いたポリグリセリン#750、#500、#310、ジグリセリンS(いずれも阪本薬品工業(株)製)の平均重合度は、水酸基価から算出し、各々10、6、4,2である。
【0021】
(実施例1)
グリセリン(阪本薬品工業(株)製)を100gとステアリン酸310.0gを反応容器に入れ、触媒及び窒素気流下、245℃で反応させ、エステル化率33%のグリセリン脂肪酸エステルを得た。
【0022】
(実施例2)
ポリグリセリン#750を100gとミリスチン酸164.2g、ステアリン酸204.5gから成る混合脂肪酸を反応容器に入れ、触媒及び窒素気流下、245℃で反応させ、エステル化率93%のポリグリセリン脂肪酸エステルを得た。
【0023】
(実施例3)
ポリグリセリン#500を100gとステアリン酸409.0gを反応容器に入れ、触媒及び窒素気流下、245℃で反応させ、エステル化率95%のポリグリセリン脂肪酸エステルを得た。
【0024】
(実施例4)
ジグリセリンSを100gとステアリン酸341.9gとオレイン酸169.8gから成る混合脂肪酸を反応容器に入れ、触媒及び窒素気流下、245℃で反応させ、エステル化率75%のポリグリセリン脂肪酸エステルを得た。
【0025】
(実施例5)
ポリグリセリン#310を100gとラウリン酸367.7gを反応容器に入れ、触媒及び窒素気流下、245℃で反応させ、エステル化率95%のポリグリセリン脂肪酸エステルを得た。
【0026】
(比較例1)
ポリグリセリン#750を100gとステアリン酸34.1gを反応容器に入れ、触媒及び窒素気流下、245℃で反応させ、エステル化率8%のポリグリセリン脂肪酸エステルを得た。
【0027】
(試験例)
パーム硬化油95重量部に対し、実施例1〜5、比較例1で得られた脂肪酸モノグリセリド又はポリグリセリン脂肪酸エステルを5重量部加え、80℃で十分加温溶解した。その後、直径3cm、高さ5cmの円筒容器に移し、40℃の恒温槽中に放置して油脂の結晶化を観察し、その固化状態を評価した。試験例の評価結果を表1に示す。
【0028】
【表1】

Figure 0003797970
【0029】
表1から明らかなように、本発明のグリセリン脂肪酸エステル及び/又はポリグリセリン脂肪酸エステルを添加した植物性ろうそく用油脂は、表面状態が滑らかであり、ひび割れもなく、成型性改善効果に優れていた。
【0030】
【発明の効果】
本発明のグリセリン脂肪酸エステル及び/又はポリグリセリン脂肪酸エステルを添加することにより、植物油を原料として使用しても、均一な状態で使用性が良く、ろうそくを成型する際の固化状態の悪化やひび割れを防止することができ、成型性に優れた植物性ろうそくを製造することができる。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a glycerin fatty acid ester and a polyglycerin fatty acid ester which have an effect of improving moldability with respect to vegetable candles. More specifically, by adding the moldability improving agent of the present invention, vegetable oil is used as a raw material. However, the present invention relates to a fat and oil for vegetable candles that is easy to use in a uniform state and has improved moldability during production, and a candle produced using this fat.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, natural waxes such as those made mainly of stearic acid, wood wax, beeswax, carnauba wax, and montan wax have been used as candles, but these natural waxes are expensive and homogeneous. Is difficult to obtain, and there is a disadvantage that it cannot be obtained stably. Later, petroleum-based paraffin waxes that are cheaper and have better moldability have been used.
[0003]
However, candles using petroleum-based paraffin wax have the drawbacks of poor mold releasability during molding, and black smoke, exhaust gas, and strange odors during combustion. Therefore, a method of adding mineral oil (see Patent Document 1), a method of adding an alkylene glycol having an alkyl group with 2 to 5 carbon atoms (see Patent Document 2), and the like are disclosed. However, even though these methods are used, the releasability is improved, but the problems of peculiar black smoke and odor remain.
[0004]
[Patent Document 1]
JP-A-10-237481 [Patent Document 2]
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-269389
In addition, since paraffin wax is obtained from petroleum, there are many problems such as oil depletion problems and environmental destruction problems in terms of the environment.
[0006]
Thus, recently, attention has been paid to a method of using hardened oil obtained from vegetable oil instead of natural wax or paraffin wax as fat and oil for candle. This hardened plant oil is often obtained as a by-product after separating liquid oil from vegetable oil, is inexpensive, and can be supplied in large quantities. In addition, candles made from vegetable oil eliminate the disadvantages of burning black smoke, exhaust gas, and offensive odor, which are characteristic of candles made from paraffin wax, and many problems such as oil exhaustion problems and environmental destruction problems of current candles. Can be addressed.
[0007]
However, when molding into a candle with only the above-mentioned plant-cured oil, the solidified state of the fats and oils is poor, the surface becomes rough due to the generation of coarse crystals, and further cracks occur. It has a problem that it is difficult to mold it. As a method for producing a candle using plant hydrogenated oil, a method of mixing margarine with coagulated oil (see Patent Document 3) is disclosed. However, this method can reduce the black smoke and odor peculiar to candles made of natural wax, paraffin wax, etc., but problems with the formability of plant candles remain, such as the surface of the candle becoming rough. There is.
[0008]
[Patent Document 3]
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 6-1445692
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a glycerin fatty acid ester and a polyglycerin fatty acid ester which can improve so-called moldability, which prevents deterioration of solidified state and cracking when molding a vegetable candle. Another object of the present invention is to provide a fat and oil for vegetable candles that have improved moldability by including the moldability improving agent, and a vegetable candle produced using the fats and oils.
[0010]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present inventors have conducted intensive research. As a result, the above-mentioned problems can be solved by adding glycerin fatty acid ester and / or polyglycerin fatty acid ester to vegetable fats and oils. I found out that I can do it.
[0011]
This invention is made | formed based on the said knowledge, Comprising: The summary fatty acid of the said glycerol fatty acid ester and polyglycerol fatty acid ester is 1 type from C8-C22 saturated fatty acid and unsaturated fatty acid, or It consists of what was chosen 2 or more types.
[0012]
Moreover, the content of the present invention includes fats and oils for vegetable candles using the above glycerin fatty acid esters and / or polyglycerin fatty acid esters, and vegetable candles produced using these fats and oils.
[0013]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail. The glycerin fatty acid ester in the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it is generally in the category of glycerin fatty acid ester such as fatty acid monoglyceride and fatty acid diglyceride. Moreover, the polyglycerol used for the polyglycerol fatty acid ester of this invention should just have an average degree of polymerization computed from the hydroxyl value of 2 or more, Preferably it is the range of 2-20. Glycerin fatty acid ester and polyglycerol fatty acid ester may be used alone or in combination.
[0014]
The constituent fatty acids of the glycerin fatty acid ester and the polyglycerin fatty acid ester in the present invention are one or more selected from saturated fatty acids and unsaturated fatty acids having 8 to 22 carbon atoms, and preferably those having 14 to 18 carbon atoms. One selected from saturated fatty acids and unsaturated fatty acids, or two or more types, is preferable.
[0015]
Although the esterification rate of the fatty acid with respect to glycerol and polyglycerol of the glycerol fatty acid ester and polyglycerol fatty acid ester of this invention is not specifically limited, Preferably it is 20% or more. If the esterification rate is less than 20%, the compatibility with fats and oils is lowered, which is not preferable.
[0016]
The amount of glycerin fatty acid ester and polyglycerin fatty acid ester used in the present invention is usually preferably 0.01 to 50% by weight, particularly preferably 0.1 to 30% by weight, based on the oil or fat. If it is 0.01% by weight or less, it is difficult to expect the effect of the present invention, and if it is 50% by weight, the glycerin fatty acid ester and / or polyglycerin fatty acid ester is the main component and is not suitable for the intention of the present invention.
[0017]
The fats and oils for vegetable candles in the present invention are not particularly limited as long as they are plant-derived, but in addition to decolorized oils before the deodorizing step, extracted oils, crude oils, deoxidized oils, degummed oils, dewaxed oils, etc. Process oils and refined oils can also be used. Vegetable oils include soybean oil, soybean germ oil, rapeseed oil, corn oil, sesame oil, sesame salad oil, perilla oil, linseed oil, peanut oil, safflower oil, safflower oil, sunflower oil, sunflower oil, sunflower oil with high oleic acid, cottonseed oil, Grape seed oil, macadamia nut oil, hazelnut oil, pumpkin seed oil, walnut oil, coconut oil, tea seed oil, sesame oil, borage oil, olive oil, rice sugar oil, wheat germ oil, palm oil, palm kernel oil, palm oil, cacao Fats, algal oils, medium chain triglycerides, diglycerides, these fats and oils that have been low-saturated by quality improvement, and hydrogenated fats and oils, fractionated fats and oils, mixed fats and oils are included, but are not limited thereto.
[0018]
The plant candle of the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it is a candle mainly composed of plant-derived oils and fats, and may be in any form.
[0019]
The method for producing vegetable candles using the oil and fat for vegetable candles of the present invention is not particularly limited, and specific examples include a molding method, a dipping method, a rolling method, and a pressing method. Two or more production methods may be used in combination. Further, other additives may be added as long as the properties of the oil and fat are not affected. Specific examples of other additives include mineral oils such as lubricating oils, petroleum waxes such as paraffin wax, microcrystalline wax, petrolatum, wood wax, beeswax, montan wax, carnauba wax, rice bran wax, candelilla wax, rice wax, Animal waxes such as jojoba oil, lanolin, synthetic wax such as polyethylene wax, fischertopsy wax, ester wax, oxidized paraffin wax, oxidized microcrystalline wax, oxidized polyethylene wax, oxidized wax such as olefin oxide, stearic acid, palmitic acid, etc. Examples include fatty acid, linear polyethylene having a molecular weight of about 200 to 12,000, polyethylene having a melt index of about 1 to 70, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer having a melt index of about 2 to 50, or a mixture thereof. It is.
[0020]
【Example】
EXAMPLES Next, although an Example and a comparative example demonstrate this invention in detail, this invention is not restrict | limited at all by these examples. The average degree of polymerization of polyglycerin # 750, # 500, # 310 and diglycerin S (both manufactured by Sakamoto Yakuhin Kogyo Co., Ltd.) used as raw materials was calculated from the hydroxyl value, and was 10, 6, 4, and 4, respectively. 2.
[0021]
(Example 1)
100 g of glycerin (manufactured by Sakamoto Yakuhin Kogyo Co., Ltd.) and 310.0 g of stearic acid were placed in a reaction vessel and reacted at 245 ° C. under a catalyst and a nitrogen stream to obtain a glycerin fatty acid ester having an esterification rate of 33%.
[0022]
(Example 2)
A mixed fatty acid consisting of 100 g of polyglycerin # 750, 164.2 g of myristic acid and 204.5 g of stearic acid is placed in a reaction vessel and reacted at 245 ° C. under a catalyst and a nitrogen stream. Got.
[0023]
Example 3
100 g of polyglycerin # 500 and 409.0 g of stearic acid were put in a reaction vessel and reacted at 245 ° C. under a catalyst and a nitrogen stream to obtain a polyglycerin fatty acid ester having an esterification rate of 95%.
[0024]
Example 4
A mixed fatty acid consisting of 100 g of diglycerin S, 341.9 g of stearic acid and 169.8 g of oleic acid is placed in a reaction vessel and reacted at 245 ° C. under a catalyst and a nitrogen stream to produce a polyglycerin fatty acid ester having an esterification rate of 75%. Obtained.
[0025]
(Example 5)
100 g of polyglycerin # 310 and 367.7 g of lauric acid were placed in a reaction vessel and reacted at 245 ° C. under a catalyst and a nitrogen stream to obtain a polyglycerin fatty acid ester having an esterification rate of 95%.
[0026]
(Comparative Example 1)
100 g of polyglycerin # 750 and 34.1 g of stearic acid were placed in a reaction vessel and reacted at 245 ° C. under a catalyst and nitrogen stream to obtain a polyglycerin fatty acid ester having an esterification rate of 8%.
[0027]
(Test example)
5 parts by weight of the fatty acid monoglyceride or polyglycerin fatty acid ester obtained in Examples 1 to 5 and Comparative Example 1 was added to 95 parts by weight of the hardened palm oil, and the mixture was sufficiently heated and dissolved at 80 ° C. Then, it moved to the cylindrical container of diameter 3cm and height 5cm, and left to stand in a 40 degreeC thermostat, the crystallization of fats and oils was observed, and the solidification state was evaluated. The evaluation results of the test examples are shown in Table 1.
[0028]
[Table 1]
Figure 0003797970
[0029]
As is apparent from Table 1, the oil for plant candles to which the glycerin fatty acid ester and / or the polyglycerin fatty acid ester of the present invention was added had a smooth surface state, no cracks, and excellent moldability improvement effect. .
[0030]
【The invention's effect】
Even if vegetable oil is used as a raw material by adding the glycerin fatty acid ester and / or polyglycerin fatty acid ester of the present invention, the usability in a uniform state is good, and the deterioration of the solidified state and cracking when molding a candle It is possible to produce a vegetable candle that can be prevented and has excellent moldability.

Claims (4)

植物由来の油脂を主成分とした植物性ろうそくの成型性改善剤であって、
前記成型性改善剤が、脂肪酸モノグリセリド及び/又はポリグリセリン脂肪酸エステルからなり、
前記ポリグリセリンに対する脂肪酸のエステル化率が20%以上であることを特徴とする成型性改善剤。
It is a moldability improving agent for vegetable candles mainly composed of plant-derived fats and oils,
The moldability improving agents, Ri Do from fatty acid monoglycerides and / or polyglycerol fatty acid esters,
The moldability improving agent characterized by the esterification rate of the fatty acid with respect to the said polyglycerol being 20% or more .
構成脂肪酸が炭素数8〜22の飽和脂肪酸及び不飽和脂肪酸から1種又は2種以上選ばれたものよりなる脂肪酸モノグリセリド及び/又はポリグリセリン脂肪酸エステルを用いることを特徴とする請求項1記載の植物性ろうそくの成型性改善剤。2. The plant according to claim 1, wherein the constituent fatty acid is a fatty acid monoglyceride and / or polyglycerin fatty acid ester composed of one or more selected from saturated and unsaturated fatty acids having 8 to 22 carbon atoms. Forming agent for sex candles. 請求項1又は2記載の植物性ろうそくの成型性改善剤を含有する植物性ろうそく用油脂。A fat and oil for vegetable candles containing the vegetable candle moldability improving agent according to claim 1 or 2. 請求項3記載の植物性ろうそく用油脂を用いて製造した植物性ろうそく。  The vegetable candle manufactured using the fats and oils for vegetable candles of Claim 3.
JP2002332761A 2002-11-15 2002-11-15 Molding improver for plant candles Expired - Fee Related JP3797970B2 (en)

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JP4823637B2 (en) * 2005-10-14 2011-11-24 阪本薬品工業株式会社 Fat and oil thickener
JP6124386B2 (en) * 2008-09-10 2017-05-10 ペガサス・キャンドル株式会社 Method for producing wax for solid candle
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