JP3796187B2 - Organic matter processing equipment - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an organic matter treatment apparatus for decomposing organic matter such as garbage by a microbial decomposition treatment system, and more particularly to improvement of its exhaust deodorization mechanism.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In this type of organic matter processing apparatus, a carrier for microorganisms (such as wood chips such as sawdust) that decomposes organic matter is stored in a treatment tank, and organic matter such as raw garbage to be input is cultured on the carrier. It is decomposed by microorganisms. In order to maintain the inside of the treatment tank in an environment suitable for activating microorganisms that decompose organic matter, the microorganism carrier in the treatment tank and organic matter such as garbage are periodically stirred and mixed, and the exhaust from the treatment tank is performed. It is necessary to heat the inside of the treatment tank and maintain the temperature and water content suitable for activating microorganisms while discharging fresh air.
[0003]
Further, malodor may be generated in the process of decomposing organic matter as described above, but this type of malodor is deodorized by a deodorizing device including a heater and a catalyst and discharged to the outside by a fan.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, since the motor part in the center of the fan is mounted with a substrate on which an IC and a resistor constituting the motor drive circuit are mounted, when the high-temperature exhaust discharged from the deodorizing device flows to the fan, the motor part is hot. There is a problem that the substrate attached to the motor portion is exposed to the exhaust gas and is deteriorated due to a temperature rise and the life is shortened.
[0005]
The present invention has been made to solve such problems, and it is an object of the present invention to provide an organic matter processing apparatus capable of preventing the life of a deodorizing fan from being shortened by heat generated from the deodorizing apparatus. It is.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The first means for solving the above-mentioned problem is that a carrier for cultivating microorganisms that decompose organic matter is stored, a treatment tank that decomposes organic matter such as garbage to be introduced, and exhaust from the treatment tank. An exhaust passage for discharging to the outside; a deodorizing device comprising a heater and a catalyst disposed in the exhaust passage; a fan comprising a motor part and a blade disposed downstream of the deodorizing device in the exhaust passage; A substrate on which a motor drive circuit for driving the motor unit is mounted, and a shielding plate that is disposed in the exhaust passage and blocks exhaust from the processing tank from hitting the substrate, and guides the exhaust to a blade of the fan. It is characterized by that.
[0007]
In the first means for solving the above-mentioned problem, it is preferable that the shielding plate is disposed substantially in parallel with the exhaust passage.
[0008]
In the first means for solving the above-described problem, it is preferable that a vent hole for sucking outside air is provided in an exhaust passage between the deodorizing device and the fan.
[0009]
In the first means for solving the above-mentioned problem, it is preferable that the exhaust passage is disposed in the vicinity of the processing tank.
[0010]
In the first means for solving the above problem, it is preferable that the exhaust passage is covered with a heat insulating material.
[0011]
1st means for solving the said subject WHEREIN: It is preferable to provide the wind direction board which orient | assigns the exhaust_gas | exhaustion from the said processing tank to the said heater surface.
[0012]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIGS.
[0013]
The organic matter processing apparatus of the present embodiment accommodates a carrier for microorganisms (woody fine pieces such as sawdust), and a treatment tank 1 having an upper surface opening into which organic matter such as garbage is placed is accommodated in an outer case 2. It is configured.
[0014]
As shown in FIG. 7 and the like, the processing tank 1 is formed in a substantially U-shaped cross section having an arc shape matching the rotation trajectory of a stirring blade 8 to be described later on the lower side when viewed from the front-rear direction, and the upper end portion is on the outside. Wrapped.
[0015]
In addition, the outer case 2 has the lower case 3 on which the processing tank 1 is placed and covers up to the upper surface opening thereof, and the inner surface side lower edge is placed in close contact with the upper opening edge of the processing tank 1, and the outer surface side is on the lower case 3 It consists of an upper case 4 fitted to the edge.
[0016]
The upper surface of the upper case 4 is opened corresponding to the upper surface opening 5 of the processing tank 1, and a charging port 6 for charging a microbial carrier, garbage, etc. is formed. A lid 7 configured to be openable and closable is provided.
[0017]
In the processing tank 1, a stirring shaft 9 having a plurality of stirring blades 8 is provided between the front and rear walls so as to be rotatable forward and backward. The agitation shaft 9 is supported at both ends by bearings 10 and 11 formed on the front and rear walls of the treatment tank 1, and the shaft end 12 on the rear wall side has a large gear 13a and an intermediate gear as shown in FIG. 13b, a small gear 13c, a large pulley 13d, and a small speed pulley 13e are connected to a stirring motor 14 that is driven to rotate forward and reverse through a speed reduction drive mechanism 13, and the rotation of the stirring motor 14 is transmitted after being decelerated. It is designed to rotate.
[0018]
The middle gear 13b, the small gear 13c, the large pulley 13d, and the like constituting the stirring motor 14 and the speed reduction drive mechanism 13 are attached to a metal frame 15 fixed to the back side of the processing tank 1, and are used for stirring. The motor 14 is attached so as to be disposed in one side gap (dead space) of the arc-shaped bottom surface of the processing tank 1. Further, the left and right sides of the lower end portion of the drive mechanism mounting frame 15 are extended downward and bent horizontally, and grounding surfaces 15a and 15b are formed which are grounded when the processing tank 1 is taken out from the outer case 2 and stood up. Has been.
[0019]
Above the decelerating drive mechanism 13 is mounted a control board 20 on which a control unit composed of a microcomputer is mounted, and each part of the apparatus is controlled by the control unit mounted on the control board 20. Further, an operation display unit 21 for switching the operation mode of the present apparatus, turning on / off deodorizing, and displaying the status is provided above the control board 20.
[0020]
A planar heater 30 is attached to the front and left and right side surfaces excluding the back side of the treatment tank 1, and the treatment tank 1 is used by using a thermistor (not shown) built in the planar heater 30 by the control unit. The inside is controlled to be maintained within a temperature range (about 40 ° C. to 60 ° C.) suitable for microbial activation.
[0021]
Further, as shown in FIG. 2 and the like, the heat capacity type moisture content sensor 40 is located on the outer surface of the bottom of the treatment tank 1 so as to be located almost directly below the stirring shaft 9 near the rear wall, that is, at the bottom of the arc shape. Is attached.
[0022]
On the other hand, as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, an exhaust hole 51 to which an exhaust filter 50 is attached is formed in the inner rear wall of the upper case 4, and an exhaust fan 52 for direct exhaust is provided downstream thereof. It is attached. Further, on the downstream side of the exhaust fan 52, motor drive switching is performed to switch between a first exhaust passage A to which a deodorizing device 60 described below is attached and a second exhaust passage B that directly discharges exhaust to the outside. A valve 53 is provided.
[0023]
In the deodorizing device 60 attached to the first exhaust passage A, a tubular heater (seeds heater) 62 that is wound in an oval shape through a wind direction plate 61 and is folded is disposed on the upstream side, and on the downstream side thereof. An oxidation catalyst 63 made of ceramic and formed in a honeycomb structure is disposed. The oxidation catalyst 63 is housed in a metal frame 64 such as stainless steel having heat resistance and corrosion resistance, and further covered with a heat insulating material 65. Thereby, the inflowing exhaust gas is heated by the heater 62, and the heated exhaust gas passes through the catalyst 63, whereby the catalyst 63 is heated, and the decomposition reaction of malodorous components contained in the exhaust gas is promoted. .
[0024]
As shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, the wind direction plate 61 is attached to an opening 62 b formed in a metal attachment plate 62 a to which both upper ends of the tubular heater 62 are fixed, and is opened substantially upward. Made of metal. At both upper ends of the wind direction plate 61, there are formed hook pieces 61a that are bent outward and hooked to the edge of the opening 62b of the mounting plate 62a. The bottom plate 61b allows an exhaust flow to flow through the central portion of the tubular heater 62. An opening 61c is formed. Further, the open ends on both sides of the bottom plate 61b are bent obliquely downward to form inclined pieces 61e for directing the exhaust flow flowing out from the openings 61d on both sides to the both side portions of the tubular heater 62.
[0025]
With the above configuration, the exhaust flow flowing through the first exhaust passage A flows into the wind direction plate 61 from the opening 62b formed in the mounting plate 62a of the tubular heater 62, and a part of the exhaust flow from the opening 61c formed in the bottom plate 61b. The first exhaust passage A is directed to the central portion, and the remainder is guided to the inclined pieces 61e from the openings 61d on both sides and directed downward on both sides of the first exhaust passage A. Therefore, the exhaust flow easily comes into contact with the central surface and the heater surfaces on both sides of the oval tubular heater 62 and is efficiently heated. Further, since the metal wind direction plate 61 itself is also heated by radiant heat from the tubular heater 62 or heat conduction through the metal mounting plate 62 a, the exhaust flow from the wind direction plate 61 when passing through the wind direction plate 61. It takes heat away and is heated more efficiently.
[0026]
On the other hand, the outlet side of the deodorizing device 60 is connected to an exhaust port 66 that opens to the lower part on the back side of the lower case 3. In addition, a dilution fan 68 for sucking the exhaust from the treatment tank 1 and diluting the high-temperature exhaust discharged from the deodorizing device 60 with the outside air flowing from the vent 67 is attached to the exhaust port 66 side. . A shielding plate 69 for blocking high temperature exhaust discharged from the deodorizing device 60 from hitting the central motor portion 68 a of the dilution fan 68 is attached to the upstream side of the dilution fan 68. On the back side of the motor portion 68a of the dilution fan 68, a substrate 68b on which an IC and a resistor constituting a motor drive circuit are mounted is mounted.
[0027]
With this configuration, the temperature rise of the substrate 68b mounted on the back surface side of the motor portion 68a of the dilution fan 68 can be suppressed, so that the deterioration of the substrate can be prevented and the life can be extended.
[0028]
As shown in FIGS. 3 to 5, a thermistor 62 c and a thermal fuse 62 d are arranged above the tubular heater 62. The thermistor 62c detects the temperature above the tubular heater 62, and stops the energization of the tubular heater 62 by the control unit mounted on the control board 20 when the detected temperature exceeds a predetermined value. It is provided. The temperature fuse 62d is connected in series to the power supply line to the tubular heater 62, and is blown out when the temperature above the tubular heater 62 becomes a certain value higher than the set temperature of the thermistor 62c. The power supply to the heater 62 is cut off.
[0029]
The thermistor 62c and the thermal fuse 62d as described above are provided when the flow of the exhaust air in the deodorizing device 60 is stopped due to a failure of the dilution fan 68 for deodorizing exhaust, etc. This is to prevent this resin component from being thermally deformed. For example, when the exhaust port 66 is blocked by some obstruction and the air volume by the dilution fan 68 decreases, the exhaust air passing through the tubular heater 62 also decreases, so the temperature rises above the design temperature, but this is the thermistor 62c. It is possible to prevent the surrounding resin parts from being thermally deformed by stopping the energization to the tubular heater 62 by detecting the above. In this case, when the passage of time from the stop of energization of the tubular heater 68 or when the obstacle that has blocked the exhaust port 66 is removed and the air volume by the dilution fan 68 is restored, the detection temperature of the thermistor 62c also decreases. The energization of the tubular heater 62 is resumed. On the other hand, if the dilution fan 68 does not rotate due to a failure or the like, the exhaust air does not flow to the tubular heater 62. Therefore, when the temperature suddenly rises and reaches a certain temperature exceeding the set temperature of the thermistor 62c, the temperature fuse 62d is Fusing to cut off the energization of the tubular heater 62. Thereby, it is possible to reliably prevent the surrounding resin parts from being thermally deformed even in the event of a failure.
[0030]
The exhaust deodorizing mechanism comprising the deodorizing device 60 and the dilution fan 68 is attached to the rear surface of the processing tank 1 opposite to the side on which the stirring motor 15 is attached, and a part of the dilution fan 68 is As shown in FIG. 6 and the like, it reaches the other side gap of the arc-shaped bottom surface of the processing tank 1. Thereby, the weight balance as a whole is maintained.
[0031]
The deodorizing device 60 is attached to the rear surface of the treatment tank 1 via a heat insulating material 65, and the heating temperature (250 ° C. or higher) by the tubular heater 62 is controlled by the control temperature (80 ° C. to 90 ° C.) of the planar heater 30. The treatment tank 1 is configured to be heated to the vicinity and heated.
[0032]
On the other hand, the second exhaust passage B communicates with the exhaust port 70 that opens downward on the back side of the exhaust fan 52 for direct exhaust, that is, the back side of the exterior case 2 via the switching valve 53. It is configured.
[0033]
Further, an intake port 71 for taking in outside air is formed on the bottom surface side of the lower case 3, and the outside air taken in through the gap between the intake port 71 and the lower case 3 and the upper case 4 is treated with the exterior case 2. It passes through the gap between the tank 1 and is taken into the processing tank 1 through an intake hole 72 formed in the upper part of the processing tank 1.
[0034]
In addition, a discharge port 80 for a processed product (compost) housed inside is formed so as to be freely opened and closed by a drawer-type shutter 81 from the bottom of the processing tank 1 to the lower part of the front surface. A take-out guide 82 that is inclined forward is attached to the lower side of the discharge port 80, and the composted processed material can be taken out to the front side of the lower case 3 through the guide 82 by pulling out the shutter 81. It can be done.
[0035]
The take-out guide 82 is attached to the outer edge of the discharge port 80 of the processing tank 1 and forms a take-out port 83 on the lower front side of the lower case 3, and the lower end of the take-out port 83 connects the process tank 1 to the exterior case 2. It becomes the grounding part 84 which grounds when it is taken out from the stand and the upper side becomes a reinforcing frame 85 which reinforces the front edge of the discharge port 80 of the processing tank 1. The take-out port 83 is normally closed with a take-out port cover 86 so that it cannot be seen.
[0036]
Now, in the above configuration, when the apparatus is used, a certain amount of microbial carrier is put into the treatment tank 1 in advance. And when processing organic substances, such as garbage, the cover body 7 is opened, organic substances, such as garbage, are thrown into the processing tank 1 from the insertion port 6, and the lid body 7 is closed. When the lid 7 is closed, this is detected by a detection means (not shown), and the control unit mounted on the control board 20 is energized to the planar heater 30, the stirring motor 14, the exhaust fan 52 and the like based on the output. Start control.
[0037]
By controlling the energization of the stirring motor 14, the stirring shaft 9 provided with the stirring blade 8 is rotated forward and backward intermittently (for example, one minute every 30 minutes) to stir and mix the carrier and the organic matter. By controlling the energization of the planar heater 30, the temperature in the treatment tank 1 is maintained in an optimum range for activating microorganisms, and the organic matter is decomposed into carbon dioxide and water by the microorganisms cultured on the carrier for composting.
[0038]
Further, as shown in FIG. 4, the energization control to the exhaust fan 52 exhausts the moist air in the processing tank 1 directly from the exhaust port 70 through the second exhaust passage B for exhaust, As the air in the treatment tank 1 is discharged to the outside, fresh outside air is drawn into the exterior case 2 from the air inlet 71 formed at the bottom of the lower case 3. Then, oxygen necessary for activating microorganisms is supplied into the treatment tank 1 from the intake holes 72 formed in the upper part of the treatment tank 1.
[0039]
On the other hand, when the odor of the exhaust discharged by direct exhaust from the processing tank 1 is anxious, the deodorizing button provided on the operation display unit 21 is turned on. When the deodorizing button is turned on, the control unit stops energization of the exhaust fan 52, and as shown in FIG. 5, the switching valve 53 directly closes the second exhaust passage B for exhaust, 1 is opened so that the heater 62 of the deodorizing apparatus 60 is energized and the dilution fan 68 is energized, and the exhaust from the processing tank 1 flows to the first exhaust path A where the deodorizing apparatus 60 is located. It becomes like this. Thereby, bad odor can be prevented from being discharged to the outside.
[0040]
By the way, the air volume in the exhaust as described above is adjusted according to the moisture content in the treatment tank 1 detected by the heat capacity type moisture content sensor 40 attached to the bottom outer surface of the treatment tank 1. That is, when the moisture content is high, the air volume is set to a large value to promote the evaporation and discharge of moisture to lower the moisture content, and when the moisture content is low, the air volume is set to a small value to suppress the evaporation and discharge of moisture. Controlled to increase moisture content.
[0041]
However, even if the above-described control is performed, if the deodorizing exhaust is performed, the passage resistance increases because the catalyst 63 passes, so that the air volume is lower than the set air volume, and the water content is not low. Rate adjustment will not work.
[0042]
Therefore, in the present embodiment, only when the moisture content detected by the moisture content sensor 40 is not low, as shown in FIG. 10, according to whether the deodorization is on (ON) / off (OFF), the surface shape The set temperature of the heater 30 is changed. That is, when the deodorization is turned on, the set temperature of the planar heater 30 is set higher than the normal value by a predetermined value, and when the deodorization is turned off, the set temperature of the planar heater 30 is set lower than the above to return to the normal value. It should be noted that such control is performed only when the moisture content is not low. When the above control is performed when the moisture content is low, the moisture content is further reduced by controlling in a direction to promote evaporation. This is to prevent this.
[0043]
By controlling as described above, the amount of exhaust air is reduced when deodorization is on, but by increasing the temperature in the treatment tank 1 and increasing the amount of saturated water vapor, a large amount of water is evaporated with a small amount of air. Therefore, the moisture content can be kept at an optimum value.
[0044]
In the above embodiment, the wind direction plate 61 is formed as shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, but the present invention is not limited to this. For example, as shown in FIG. 11, the bottom plate 61b is bent upward in an arc shape. Thus, the exhaust flow flowing out from the openings 61d on both sides may be formed so as to be directed to both side portions of the tubular heater 62. In this case, the inclined piece 61e as in the above embodiment is not necessary.
[0045]
【The invention's effect】
According to the configuration of the first aspect of the present invention, the shielding plate can prevent the exhaust heated by the heater from hitting the substrate, can guide the exhaust to the blade of the fan, and prevent deterioration due to the temperature rise of the substrate. As a result, it is possible to extend the service life of the fan and to suppress the reduction of the exhaust air volume caused by the catalyst.
[0046]
According to the configuration of the second aspect of the present invention, it is possible to reduce the resistance of the exhaust gas flowing through the exhaust passage, and it is possible to reliably suppress the reduction of the exhaust air volume caused by the catalyst.
[0047]
According to the third aspect of the present invention, the exhaust passage between the deodorizing device and the fan is provided with a vent hole for sucking outside air, so that the high-temperature exhaust gas discharged from the deodorizing device flows into the air through the vent hole. Therefore, the temperature rise of the substrate can be suppressed and the temperature of the exhaust gas from the exhaust passage can be efficiently reduced.
[0048]
According to the configuration of claim 4 of the present invention, the exhaust passage is disposed in the vicinity of the processing tank, so that the exhaust heat of the deodorizing device can be used for heating the processing tank, and the output of the heating means of the processing tank is used. There is an effect that it can be reduced.
[0049]
According to the configuration of claim 5 of the present invention, the exhaust passage is covered with the heat insulating material, so that the temperature drop of the exhaust gas passing through the exhaust passage can be prevented and the treatment tank is prevented from being exposed to a high temperature. Thus, it is possible to prevent thermal deformation of the treatment tank.
[0050]
According to the configuration of the sixth aspect of the present invention, by providing the wind direction plate that directs the exhaust from the treatment tank to the heater surface, the exhaust easily comes into contact with the heater surface, and the exhaust can be efficiently heated. There are effects such as.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a configuration of a back side of a processing tank of an organic matter processing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of the central portion as seen from the right side surface.
FIG. 3 is a top view of the processing tank.
FIG. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view showing an exhaust mechanism of the embodiment, and shows a state when deodorization is turned off.
FIG. 5 is a longitudinal sectional view showing the exhaust mechanism, and shows a state when deodorization is on.
FIG. 6 is a bottom view of the processing tank.
FIG. 7 is a front view of the processing tank.
FIG. 8 is a perspective view showing an attachment portion between a tubular heater and a wind direction plate of the exhaust deodorization mechanism in the embodiment.
FIG. 9 is an enlarged perspective view of the wind direction plate.
FIG. 10 is a timing chart showing an example of setting temperature control of a planar heater when deodorization is turned on / off.
FIG. 11 is a perspective view showing another embodiment of a wind direction plate.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Processing tank 2 Outer case 3 Lower case 4 Upper case 6 Input port 7 Cover body 8 Stirrer blade 9 Stirring shaft 10, 11 Bearing part 13 Deceleration drive mechanism 14 Stirring motor 15 Drive mechanism attachment frame 20 Control board 21 Operation display part 30 Surface heater 40 Moisture content sensor 50 Exhaust filter 51 Exhaust hole 52 Exhaust fan 53 Switching valve 60 Deodorizing device 61 Airflow direction plate 61b Bottom plate 61c, 61d Opening 61e Inclined piece 62 Tubular heater 62a Mounting plate 62b Opening 62c Thermistor 62d Thermal fuse 63 Oxidation catalyst 64 Metal frame 65 Heat insulating material 66 Exhaust port 68 Dilution fan 68a Motor part 68b Substrate 69 Shield plate 70 Exhaust port 71 Inlet port 72 Inlet port 80 Outlet port 81 Shutter 82 Extraction guide 83 Extraction port 85 Reinforcement frame 86 Extraction port cover

Claims (6)

A carrier for culturing microorganisms that decompose organic matter is stored, a treatment tank for decomposing organic matter such as garbage to be input, an exhaust passage for exhausting the exhaust from the treatment tank to the outside, and an exhaust passage disposed in the exhaust passage. A deodorizing device comprising a heater and a catalyst provided; a motor portion and a fan comprising a blade disposed downstream of the deodorizing device in the exhaust passage; and a motor drive disposed in the motor portion for driving the motor portion. A board on which a circuit is mounted, and a shielding plate that extends from one side of the exhaust passage toward the motor unit, blocks exhaust from the processing tank from hitting the motor unit, and guides the exhaust to the blades of the fan. An organic matter processing apparatus comprising: The organic matter processing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the shielding plate is disposed substantially in parallel with the exhaust passage. The organic matter processing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a vent hole for sucking outside air is provided in an exhaust passage between the deodorizing apparatus and the fan. 4. The organic matter processing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the exhaust passage is disposed in the vicinity of the processing tank. The organic matter processing apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the exhaust passage is covered with a heat insulating material. Evacuated, organic matter processing apparatus according to claim 1 to claim 5, wherein further comprising a wind direction plate directed to the heater surface from the processing bath.

Images