JP3792684B2 - Dust trap - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a dust trapping device, and more particularly to a device for trapping dust generated when excavating, and in particular, excavating landfilled general waste and industrial waste (hereinafter referred to as waste). The present invention relates to a device for trapping dust that soars.

  The waste is disposed in a place called a final disposal site as it is or after being incinerated and dumped as ash, and then it is covered with cover soil and landfilled. In recent years, it has become very difficult to secure a new final disposal site, and it is an urgent task to reuse and utilize the final disposal site that has already been landfilled.

  In the previous final disposal site, the waste dumped as it is has not been disposed of by volume reduction or separation, so it is very bulky and it is difficult to say that the final disposal site is being used effectively. Resources are being wasted. Therefore, after excavating the final landfill site that has already been landfilled, the volume of the combustible waste that has been dumped is reduced by melting, and the incinerated ash is backfilled. To be done.

  At this time, the biggest problem is how to deal with dust and bad odor generated when the final disposal site that has already been buried is dug up. One measure is to build a vast dome-like structure that entirely covers the target landfill and the excavating machine to dig it up, and move the entire dome-like structure along the rails. (For example, refer to Patent Document 1).

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 4-200679

  The method using the dome-shaped structure is very large and does not cost dust, although it does not scatter dust or bad odor to the external environment of the dome-shaped structure, that is, the surroundings. And since the person who digs up and moves in the dome-like structure sucks dust and bad odor, it is extremely problematic from the viewpoint of safety and hygiene.

  Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to prevent dust and bad odors from being scattered around, and for an operator to perform excavation or transfer work in a safe and hygienic environment. It is to provide a dust confinement device that can.

Means and actions / effects for solving the problem

  In order to solve the above technical problem, according to the present invention, the following dust confinement device is provided.

  That is, in the dust confinement device according to the present invention, the cover surrounds the excavating means of the excavating machine that generates dust during excavation work, and forms a dust confinement space for confining the dust. And a variable cover whose length changes according to the position of the excavating means.

  In the dust trapping device, the excavating means of the excavating machine that generates dust is covered with a cover made up of a fixed cover and a variable cover, so that dust and bad odor do not scatter outside the dust trapping device. And even if the position of the excavation surface changes during excavation work, since the length of the variable covering changes, the dust confinement space is maintained. Therefore, even during excavation work, dust and bad odor do not scatter to the external environment of the dust confinement device, that is, the surroundings. Furthermore, since it only needs to cover locally, it is small and extremely inexpensive.

  During excavation work, the dust is flying up and scattered inside the dust confinement space. Therefore, it is preferable to provide a chemical solution ejecting means for ejecting a chemical solution for preventing dust from being scattered inside the dust confinement space.

  Although it is possible to spray the chemical liquid into the liquid form from the chemical liquid ejecting means, a large amount of chemical liquid is required and the excavation work site is submerged. Therefore, preferably, at least one of mist or foam is ejected from the chemical solution ejecting means. By spraying the chemical liquid in the form of mist or foam, it is possible to effectively prevent the dust from rising and scattering and to reduce the amount of the chemical liquid used.

  The cover is selected from any one of a sheet, a film, a net, a pleated sheet, and a plate-like connector. By making the form of the cover any one of a sheet, a film, a net, a pleated sheet, or a plate-like connecting body, the cover can be stored and pulled out in a compact manner.

  Preferably, the cover has translucency, and the mist-like chemical liquid is ejected toward the cover by the chemical liquid ejecting means.

  According to the above configuration, the translucent cover is prevented from being fogged, and the inside of the dust confinement device can be visually recognized, so that workability is improved.

  The variable cover is composed of a plurality of cover pieces, the side ends of the adjacent cover pieces are overlapped with each other, and the cover pieces located at the corners are connected via a pleated member.

  According to the above configuration, since a certain covering piece and the covering piece adjacent thereto overlap, a substantially continuous and stretchable sheet body is formed, and the covering piece at the corner portion is interposed via the pleated member. Since they are connected, the corner portion is also substantially continuous and forms a stretchable sheet. Therefore, when the end of each covering piece comes into contact with the ground or the like at the work site, each covering piece is deformed so as to follow the excavation surface, so that the dust trapped state is maintained. Therefore, it is not necessary to separately provide a mechanical drive device for moving the variable cover in order to follow the variable cover to the excavation surface.

  As the excavating machine, a machine capable of excavating work at a high speed is used in addition to a hydraulic excavator, and is selected from, for example, a bucket wheel excavator, an excavator loader, or a stabilizer.

  The dust trapping device is suitable for excavating a pavement roadbed, excavating in a debris collection site, or excavating a tunnel, and particularly suitable for excavating waste in a final disposal site.

  When a landfill is excavated, bad odors trapped in the landfill are scattered as odorous gas. Odor gases are broadly classified into alkaline odors such as ammonia and trimethylamine, acidic odors such as hydrogen sulfide and methyl mercaptan, and neutral odors such as aldehyde and methyl sulfide. Most of the odor gas scattered from the landfill is a composite odor containing a plurality of the above-mentioned alkali odors, acidic odors and the like.

  By spraying a specific chemical deodorant that performs a chemical reaction such as a neutralization reaction, an addition reaction, or a substitution reaction on a specific odor, it can be chemically changed to an odorless substance. A deodorant corresponding to each of a plurality of odors is effective for a composite odor generated from a landfill. In addition, a deodorizing agent that counteracts bad odor by masking with a fragrant substance (wrapping in) can be added. In the present specification, a liquid containing the above deodorant alone or a mixed liquid containing the deodorant and the deodorant is referred to as a deodorant liquid. In addition, if the deodorizing liquid and the chemical liquid are combined, a chemical reaction occurs and the deodorizing effect is reduced, so it is preferable to spray the deodorizing liquid separately from the chemical liquid. Therefore, it is preferable to provide a deodorizing liquid ejecting means for ejecting the composite odor deodorizing liquid in the dust confinement space.

  Below, the dust confinement apparatus 50 which concerns on 1st embodiment of this invention is demonstrated in detail, referring FIGS. 1-3.

  A dust confinement device 50 schematically shown in FIG. 1 is attached to a hydraulic excavator 10 used for digging up waste in a final disposal site.

  A hydraulic excavator 10 as an excavating machine shown in FIG. 1 has a boom 12, an arm 11, a main body 13, a bucket 15, and a hydraulic cylinder 14. The boom 12 extends forward from the main body 13, and the arm 11 is connected to the tip of the boom 12. A bucket 15 is connected to the tip of the arm 11. The bucket 15 as the excavating means is for digging up the waste buried in the soil or in the ground, and is driven by the hydraulic cylinder 14. On the base side of the arm 11, a rotation support portion 16 that supports an excavation tool cover body 50 described later is provided. The boom 12, the arm 11, and the bucket 15 are operated by an operator in the work chamber of the main body 13.

In the drilling tool cover member 50, a plurality of frame 51 forms a rectangular parallelepiped or cylindrical form shaped skeleton approximately. As shown in FIG. 2, the excavation tool cover body 50 is suspended by the four frames 51 extending diagonally engaging the rotation support portion 16. The excavation tool cover body 50 rotates about the rotation support portion 16. A pusher 57 shown in FIG. 3 is provided so that an insertion port, which will be described later, is not torn and the arm 11 does not collide with the frame when the arm 11 rotates. A pusher 57 having a T shape in a side view and extending in a substantially horizontal direction is attached to the arm 11. When the arm 11 swings, the pusher 57 hits the frame 51 first, and the excavation tool cover body 50 is lifted so as to swing.

  The outer surface of the excavation tool cover body 50 is covered with one upper surface cover 62 and four side surface covers 63 as fixed covers, and four expandable covers 64 as variable covers. Each of the covers 62, 63, 64 is made of a glass fiber film (commonly called Teflon film) coated with a tetrafluoroethylene resin, a polyester resin film, a polyimide resin film, a translucent sheet such as a vinyl chloride resin or rubber, It is composed of a film or a net made of resin or metal, and the inside is visible from at least the fixed cover of the excavation tool cover body 50. In addition, it is suitable to use the thing of a flexible material which is hard to wear out for the elastic cover 64 which contacts the ground surface 5, for example, rubber. The upper surface cover 62 is provided with an open insertion port (not shown), and the arm 11 is inserted through the insertion port. The insertion port through which the arm 11 is inserted is closed by an expansion / contraction chuck (not shown) that tightens the insertion port so that dust or the like does not leak out. The elastic cover 64 extends downward from the lower end of the side cover 63. Therefore, only the lower surface of the excavation tool cover body 50 is opened without being covered.

  The upper surface cover 62 and the side surface cover 63 are fixedly attached to the upper surface and the side surface formed by the plurality of frames 51, respectively. The expansion / contraction cover 64 continuous to the side surface cover 63 has a shape that can be refracted like a fan, and expands and contracts vertically to change its dimensions. The expansion / contraction cover 64 extends downward by the action of its own weight or weight, and its lower end 61 is always in contact with the ground surface 5. Therefore, the upper surface cover 62, the side surface cover 63, and the telescopic cover 64 of the excavation tool cover body 50 cover a part of the arm 11 and the entire bucket 15, and the lower end portion 61 of the telescopic cover 64 is in contact with the ground surface 5. A so-called dust confinement space 40 is formed.

  As described above, before excavation, the lower end 61 of the expansion / contraction cover 64 is in contact with the ground surface 5. As the excavation work progresses, the excavation removal unit 7 from which the covering soil and waste have been excavated and removed increases, and the level of the ground surface 5 decreases to the level of the excavation surface 6. At this time, the expansion / contraction cover 64 extends downward by the action of its own weight or weight, and its lower end 61 comes into contact with the excavation surface 6. Therefore, the dust confinement state is maintained.

  The chemical solution pipe 52 is installed along the frame 51 or so as to connect between the frames 51. The chemical liquid pipe 52 is connected to a chemical liquid tank (not shown) installed in the main body 13. The chemical liquid pipe 52 is composed of two systems of pipes, one provided with the foam generating nozzle 53 and one provided with the fog generating nozzle 54. The chemical solution is ejected from the foam generating nozzle 53 or the mist generating nozzle 54 in the form of bubbles or mist toward a place where dust is likely to be generated or scattered. These are, for example, the place where the bucket 15 is excavated, the space 40, the insertion opening of the upper surface cover 62, and the lower end 61 are in contact with the ground surface 5 and the excavated surface 6. As the chemical solution, for example, a chemical solution aqueous solution containing an anionic surfactant is used. As the surfactant, for example, an anionic surfactant such as an anionic alpha olefin sulfonic acid sodium salt, a linear alkylbenzene sulfonic acid sodium salt, a lauryl sulfate sodium salt, an anionic polyoxyethylene alkyl ether is used. .

  A deodorant liquid pipe (not shown) is installed along the frame 51 or between the frames 51. The deodorant liquid pipe is connected to a deodorant liquid tank (not shown) installed in the main body 13. A nozzle is provided in the deodorant liquid pipe. The deodorizing liquid is sprayed from the nozzle in the form of a mist toward a place where bad odor is likely to scatter. These are, for example, the place where the bucket 15 is excavated, the space 40, the insertion opening of the upper surface cover 62, and the lower end 61 are in contact with the ground surface 5 and the excavated surface 6. Odor gases are broadly classified into alkaline odors such as ammonia and trimethylamine, acidic odors such as hydrogen sulfide and methyl mercaptan, and neutral odors such as aldehyde and methyl sulfide. Most of the odor gas scattered from the landfill is a composite odor containing a plurality of the above-mentioned alkali odors, acidic odors and the like.

  By spraying a specific chemical deodorant that performs a chemical reaction such as a neutralization reaction, an addition reaction, or a substitution reaction on a specific odor, it can be chemically changed to an odorless substance. A deodorant corresponding to each of a plurality of odors is effective for a composite odor generated from a landfill. In addition, a deodorant that counteracts bad odor by masking with an aromatic substance can be added. In the present specification, a liquid containing the above deodorant alone or a mixed liquid containing the deodorant and the deodorant is called a deodorant liquid.

As the deodorant, for example, a betaine compound, an amine compound, a nonionic surfactant, a vegetable organic acid, an organic acid salt, a vegetable extract, or a fragrance is used alone or in combination. Is done. A betaine compound is a central compound that chemically reacts with components of complex odors. In one molecule, the molecule has quaternary ammonia as a cation and an acid as an anion, in particular a carboxylic acid anion. A generic term for inner salt.

  Since the excavation tool cover body 50 is in a confined state in the first place, even if the arm 11 moves, dust and odor do not leak to the outside. In order to suppress the leakage of dust and malodor more effectively, the chemical liquid in the form of bubbles or mist is preferably ejected toward a place where dust is likely to be generated or scattered. The state inside the dust confinement space 40 where the dust is floating is usually difficult to see, but when the chemical liquid is ejected, the dust floating in the air is collected. The outlook is greatly improved.

  Next, the dust confinement device 50 according to the second embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. In addition, since the fundamental structure regarding the dust confinement apparatus 50 is the same as the thing of 1st embodiment mentioned above, it demonstrates centering on difference.

  The dust confinement device 50 schematically shown in FIGS. 4 and 5 is attached to a bucket foil excavator 20 used for digging up waste at a final disposal site.

  A bucket wheel excavator 20 as an excavating machine includes a frame 21, a boom 22, a main body 23, a rotating body 24, a bucket 25, and a conveyor 28. The boom 22 extends forward from the main body 23. A rotating body 24 is attached to the tip of the boom 22 so as to rotate about a rotating shaft 27. A plurality of buckets 25 are attached on the outer periphery of the rotating body 24. The bucket 25 as the excavating means can dig up cover soil and waste by the rotational movement of the rotating body 24. Since many buckets 25 are provided, excavation work can be performed at high speed. The covering soil and waste dug up by the bucket 25 are transferred to the conveyor 28 and then carried outside. An attachment support portion 26 that supports the excavation tool cover body 50 is provided on the side surface on the front side of the frame 21. The vertical movement of the boom 22 and the rotation of the rotating body 24 are operated by an operator in the work chamber of the main body 23.

  In the excavation tool cover body 50, the plurality of frames 51 form a skeleton having a substantially rectangular parallelepiped shape. As shown in FIG. 4, the frame 51 on the right side surface of the excavation tool cover body 50 is fixedly attached to the attachment support portion 26.

  The outer surface of the excavation tool cover 50 is covered with one upper surface cover 62 and four side surface covers 63 as a fixed cover, and four telescopic covers 64 as variable covers. Such covers 62, 63, 64 are made of a translucent sheet, film, or net, and the inside is visible from at least the fixed cover of the excavation tool cover body 50. The right side surface cover 63 is provided with an open insertion port (not shown), and the boom 22 is inserted through the insertion port. The insertion port through which the boom 22 is inserted is closed by an expansion / contraction chuck (not shown) that tightens the insertion port so that dust or the like does not leak out. The elastic cover 64 extends downward from the lower end of the side cover 63. Therefore, only the lower surface of the excavation tool cover body 50 is opened without being covered.

  The upper surface cover 62 and the side surface cover 63 are fixedly attached to the upper surface and the side surface formed by the plurality of frames 51, respectively. The stretchable cover 64 that is continuous with the side cover 63 has a shape that can be refracted like a fan, and expands and contracts in a substantially vertical direction, that is, vertically, and changes its size. The expansion / contraction cover 64 extends downward by the action of its own weight or weight, and its lower end 61 is always in contact with the ground surface 5. Therefore, the upper surface cover 62, the side surface cover 63, and the telescopic cover 64 of the excavation tool cover body 50 cover a part of the boom 22 and the entire rotating body 24, and the lower end portion 61 of the telescopic cover 64 contacts the ground surface 5. Thus, a so-called dust confinement space 40 is formed.

  Before excavation, the lower end 61 of the expansion / contraction cover 64 is in contact with the ground surface 5. As the excavation work progresses, the excavation removal unit 7 becomes larger, and the level of the ground surface 5 decreases to the level of the excavation surface 6. At this time, the expansion / contraction cover 64 extends downward by the action of its own weight or weight, and its lower end 61 comes into contact with the excavation surface 6. Therefore, the dust confinement state is maintained.

  The chemical solution pipe 52 is installed along the frame 51 or so as to connect between the frames 51. The chemical liquid pipe 52 is connected to a chemical liquid tank (not shown) installed in the main body 13. The chemical liquid pipe 52 is composed of two systems of pipes, one provided with the foam generating nozzle 53 and one provided with the fog generating nozzle 54. The chemical solution is ejected from the foam generating nozzle 53 or the mist generating nozzle 54 in the form of bubbles or mist toward a place where dust is likely to be generated or scattered.

  Since the excavation tool cover body 50 is in a confined state in the first place, even if the boom 22 moves, dust and bad odor do not leak to the outside. In order to suppress the leakage of dust and malodor more effectively, the chemical liquid in the form of bubbles or mist is preferably ejected toward a place where dust is likely to be generated or scattered. The state inside the dust confinement space 40 where the dust is floating is usually difficult to see, but when the chemical liquid is ejected, the dust floating in the air is collected. The outlook is greatly improved.

  Next, the dust confinement device 50 according to the third embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. In addition, since the basic composition regarding the dust confinement apparatus 50 is the same as that of the second embodiment described above, the description will focus on the differences.

  The dust confinement device 50 schematically shown in FIGS. 6, 7 and 9 is attached to an excavator loader 30 used for digging up waste at a final disposal site.

  An excavator loader 30 as an excavating machine includes an arm 32, a main body 33, a rotating body 34, and a bucket 35. The arm 32 extends forward from the main body 33. A rotating body 34 is attached to the front end of the arm 32 so as to rotate about a rotating shaft 37. A plurality of buckets 35 are attached on the outer periphery of the rotating body 34. The bucket 35 as the excavating means can dig up covering soil and waste by the rotational movement of the rotating body 34. Since many buckets 35 are provided, excavation work can be performed at high speed. An attachment support portion 36 that supports the excavation tool cover body 50 is provided at the front end portion of the arm 32. The vertical movement of the arm 32 and the rotation of the rotating body 34 are operated by an operator in the work chamber of the main body 33.

  In the excavation tool cover body 50, the plurality of frames 51 form a skeleton having a substantially rectangular parallelepiped shape. As shown in FIG. 6, the frame 51 on the left side surface of the excavation tool cover body 50 is fixedly attached to the attachment support portion 36.

  The outer surface of the excavation tool cover 50 is covered with one upper surface cover 62 and four side surface covers 63 as fixed covers, and four expandable covers 64 as movable covers. Such covers 62, 63, 64 are made of a translucent sheet, film, or net, and the inside is visible from at least the fixed cover of the excavation tool cover body 50. The elastic cover 64 extends downward from the lower end of the side cover 63. Therefore, only the lower surface of the excavation tool cover body 50 is opened without being covered.

  The upper surface cover 62 and the side surface cover 63 are fixedly attached to the upper surface and the side surface formed by the plurality of frames 51, respectively. The stretchable cover 64 that is continuous with the side cover 63 has a folding shape that can be refracted like a fan, and expands and contracts vertically to change its dimensions. The expansion / contraction cover 64 extends downward by the action of its own weight or weight, and its lower end 61 is always in contact with the ground surface 5. Therefore, the upper surface cover 62, the side surface cover 63, and the telescopic cover 64 of the excavation tool cover body 50 cover a part of the arm 32 and the entire rotating body 34, and the lower end portion 61 of the telescopic cover 64 contacts the ground surface 5. Thus, a so-called dust confinement space 40 is formed.

  Before excavation, the lower end 61 of the expansion / contraction cover 64 is in contact with the ground surface 5. As the excavation work progresses, the excavation removal unit 7 becomes larger, and the level of the ground surface 5 decreases to the level of the excavation surface 6. At this time, the expansion / contraction cover 64 extends downward by the action of its own weight or weight, and its lower end 61 comes into contact with the excavation surface 6. Therefore, the dust confinement state is maintained.

  The chemical solution pipe 52 is installed along the frame 51 or so as to connect between the frames 51. The chemical liquid pipe 52 is connected to a chemical liquid tank (not shown) installed in the main body 33. The chemical liquid pipe 52 is composed of two systems of pipes, one provided with the foam generating nozzle 53 and one provided with the fog generating nozzle 54. The chemical solution is ejected from the foam generating nozzle 53 or the mist generating nozzle 54 in the form of bubbles or mist toward a place where dust is likely to be generated or scattered.

  Since the excavation tool cover body 50 has a confinement structure in the first place, even if the arm 32 moves, dust and odor do not leak to the outside. In order to suppress the leakage of dust and malodor more effectively, the chemical liquid in the form of bubbles or mist is preferably ejected toward a place where dust is likely to be generated or scattered. The state inside the dust confinement space 40 where the dust is floating is usually difficult to see, but when the chemical liquid is ejected, the dust floating in the air is collected. The outlook is greatly improved.

  In the first to third embodiments described above, as shown in FIG. 8, a net-like cover 67 having a small opening can be used as the side cover 63. Such a net-like cover 67 is, for example, a polygonal or substantially circular opening such as a rectangle or pentagon having a side of about 0.1 mm to 20 mm, preferably a square or a pentagon having a side of about 1 mm to 10 mm. It has a square or substantially circular opening. For example, as shown in FIG. 8A, the net-shaped cover 67 has a double structure, and the mist generating nozzle 53 is fixedly disposed on the upper frame 51 between the opposed net-shaped covers 67. It can be set as the structure which sprays the mist 56 on the net-shaped cover 67 of a structure. Further, as shown in FIG. 8B, the mist generating nozzle 53 can be fixedly disposed on the upper frame 51 and the mist 56 can be sprayed onto the net-shaped cover 67 having a single structure. In any case, a curtain of the chemical solution is formed on the net of the net-like cover 67, and the dust in the space 40 is prevented from leaking to the outside. Since the net-like cover 67 is excellent in translucency and effective in preventing dust adhesion, the prospect in the space 40 is also good.

  In addition, the insertion port through which the movable body such as the arm 11, the boom 22, or the conveyor is inserted is closed by a telescopic chuck (not shown), and the foam generating nozzle 53 or the mist generating nozzle 54 is connected to a foam. Alternatively, mist can be sprayed to suppress leakage of dust and odor.

  Next, the covering variable devices 70 and 80 of the excavation tool cover body 50 will be described with reference to FIGS.

  FIG. 10 shows a cover variable device 70 that changes the length of each side cover 65 of the excavation tool cover body 50 in a substantially vertical direction. In FIG. 10, the upper surface cover 62 is fixedly attached to the side frame 51. The drive motor 72 of the cover changing device 70 fixed to the upper frame 51 is a drive unit for winding up and rewinding the sheet-like cover 65 as a variable cover in a substantially vertical direction. A weight 66 is attached to the lower end of the sheet-like cover 65, and the sheet-like cover 65 is pushed down by the weight of the weight 66. The sheet-like cover 65 is automatically moved up and down in a substantially vertical direction by detecting the ground surface 5 or the excavation surface 6 with a sensor (not shown), or manually moved up and down in a substantially vertical direction by an operator. As a result, the end portion 61 of the sheet-like cover 65 is in close contact with the ground surface 5 or the excavation surface 6. FIG. 11 is obtained by replacing the sheet-like cover 65 shown in FIG. 10 with a net-like cover 67.

  FIG. 12 is obtained by replacing the sheet-like cover 65 shown in FIG. 10 with a pleated cover 68. The pleated cover 68 is formed by folding a light-transmitting sheet several times into a pleated shape. A weight 66 is attached to the lower end of the pleated cover 68, and the pleated cover 68 is pushed down by the weight of the weight 66. A wire 73 is attached to the lower end of the pleated cover 68. The wire 73 is wound up or rewound by the drive motor 72. As a result, the pleated cover 68 is stretched or folded. Further, instead of the pleated cover 68, a plate-like connecting body in which horizontally long translucent plates are connected in the vertical direction can be used.

  FIG. 13 shows another cover variable device 80 that changes the length of each side cover 65 and top cover 62 of the excavation tool cover body 50 in a substantially horizontal direction. In FIG. 13, the right side cover is fixed to the side frame 51. FIG. 14 is a side view of the excavation tool cover body 50 of FIG. The drive motor 81 of the covering variable device 80 fixed to the right side frame 51 is a drive for converting the rotational motion into a straight motion and pushing out or pulling back the two parallel telescopic rods 82 in a substantially horizontal direction. Part. Such a drive mechanism is often used, for example, in a zoom mechanism of a camera, and is well known. A sheet-like side surface cover 65 and an upper surface cover 62 are locked to the distal end locking portion 83 of each telescopic rod 82. A weight 66 is attached to the lower end of the sheet-like side cover 65, and the sheet-like cover 65 is pushed down by the weight of the weight 66. Each telescopic rod 82 is automatically moved in a substantially horizontal direction by detecting a surface to be excavated by a sensor (not shown), or manually moved in a substantially horizontal direction by an operator. As a result, the lower end 61 of the sheet-like side cover 65 is in close contact with the ground surface 5, and the left end 61 of the sheet-like side cover 65 and the sheet-like upper cover 62 is in close contact with the excavation target surface.

  FIG. 15 is a diagram in which each expansion and contraction bar 82 of the covering variable device 80 shown in FIG. 13 is replaced with a magic hand type 84. The magic hand 84 has an arm portion 85 and a fulcrum portion 86, and when one arm portion is moved, the other arm portion expands and contracts in a substantially horizontal direction.

  FIG. 16 schematically shows a method of changing the length of the cover of the side portion of the excavation tool cover body 50 in a substantially vertical direction without using a mechanical configuration. FIG. 17 is a view of the excavation tool cover body 50 of FIG. 16 viewed from the opposite direction.

  In the excavation tool cover body 50, the plurality of frames 51 form a skeleton having a substantially rectangular parallelepiped shape. The outer surface of the excavation tool cover body 50 is covered with one upper surface cover 62 and four side surface covers 63 as fixed covers and four movable surfaces. The side cover 63 is fixedly attached to the frame 51. Each movable cover extends downward from the lower end of the side cover 63. The variable cover is composed of a plurality of cover pieces 69, and the side ends of the adjacent cover pieces 69 partially overlap each other, and the cover pieces 69 located at the corners are connected to each other via a pleated member. ing. Since a certain covering piece 69 and an adjacent covering piece 69 overlap each other, a substantially continuous and telescopic sheet body is formed. At the same time, since the covering pieces 69 at the corner portions are connected via the corner pleat portions 91, a substantially continuous and telescopic sheet body is also formed at the corner portions. The corner pleat portion 91 has a shape that can be refracted like a fan, and expands and contracts in a substantially horizontal direction to change its dimensions. By spreading the corner pleat portion 91 like a skirt fold, the step can be absorbed following the step between the ground surface 5 and the excavation surface 6. Therefore, even if there is a step between the ground surface 5 and the excavation surface 6, the dust confinement space 40 can be maintained. With such a configuration, it is not necessary to separately provide a mechanical drive device for moving the variable cover.

It is a mimetic diagram of a hydraulic excavator provided with a dust confinement device concerning a first embodiment of the present invention. It is a top view of the dust confinement apparatus shown in FIG. It is a figure which shows typically the collision avoidance apparatus used for the dust confinement apparatus shown in FIG. It is a schematic diagram of a bucket foil excavator provided with the dust confinement apparatus which concerns on 2nd embodiment of this invention. It is a top view of the bucket foil excavator shown in FIG. It is a schematic diagram of an excavator loader provided with the dust confinement apparatus which concerns on 3rd embodiment of this invention. It is a side view of the dust confinement apparatus shown in FIG. It is a figure which shows typically a mode that a mist is sprayed on the net-shaped cover of the side cover in the dust confinement apparatus of this invention. (A) shows a state of spraying two opposing nets. (B) shows a state of spraying on a single-sheet net. It is a top view of the dust confinement apparatus shown in FIG. It is a typical perspective view of the covering variable means of the dust confinement apparatus concerning the present invention. It is a figure which shows the modification of the cover variable means shown in FIG. It is a figure which shows another modification of the covering variable means shown in FIG. It is a typical perspective view of another covering variable means of the dust confinement apparatus concerning the present invention. It is a side view of the covering variable means shown in FIG. It is a figure which shows another modification of the covering variable means shown in FIG. It is a typical perspective view of another covering variable means of the dust confinement apparatus concerning the present invention. It is the figure which looked at the covering variable means shown in FIG. 16 from the opposite direction.

Explanation of symbols

5 Ground Surface 6 Excavation Surface 7 Excavation Removal Unit 10 Excavator (Excavation Machine)
11 Arm 12 Boom 13 Work chamber 14 Hydraulic cylinder 15 Bucket (Drilling means)
16 Rotating support 20 Bucket / Foil / Excavator (Excavation machine)
21 Frame 22 Boom 23 Main body 24 Rotating body (excavation means)
25 bucket (drilling means)
26 Mounting support portion 27 Rotating shaft 28 Conveyor 30 Excavator loader (excavation machine)
32 Arm 33 Main body 34 Rotating body (excavation means)
35 bucket (drilling means)
36 Mounting support 37 Rotating shaft 40 Dust confinement space 50 Excavation tool cover body (dust confinement device)
51 Frame 52 Chemical Pipe 53 Foam Generation Nozzle 54 Mist Generation Nozzle 55 Foam 56 Mist 57 Pusher 61 End 62 Top Cover (Fixed Cover)
63 Side cover (fixed cover)
64 Telescopic cover (variable cover)
65 Sheet-like cover (variable cover)
66 Weight 67 Net-shaped cover 68 Fold-shaped cover (variable cover)
69 Sheet-like covering piece (variable covering)
70 Cover hoisting device (cover variable means)
72 Drive motor 73 Wire 80 Cover expansion / contraction drive device (cover variable means)
81 drive motor 82 telescopic rod 83 tip locking portion 84 magic hand (cover variable means)
85 arm part 86 fulcrum part 91 corner fold part (folded member)

Claims (4)

A cover comprising a fixed cover that covers the excavation means in a fixed manner and a variable cover whose length varies depending on the position of the excavation means surrounds the excavation means of the excavating machine that generates dust during excavation work. Form a dust confinement space to confine dust,
Inside the dust confinement space is a dust confinement device having a chemical solution injection means for injecting a chemical solution in at least one form of mist or foam in order to prevent scattering of dust,
The dust confinement device, wherein the cover has translucency and the mist-like chemical liquid is ejected by the chemical liquid ejecting means toward the cover. A cover comprising a fixed cover that covers the excavation means in a fixed manner and a variable cover whose length varies depending on the position of the excavation means surrounds the excavation means of the excavating machine that generates dust during excavation work. Form a dust confinement space to confine dust,
In the dust confinement space, there is a dust confinement device having a chemical solution ejecting means for injecting a chemical solution in at least one form of mist or foam in order to prevent dust scattering,
The variable cover is composed of a plurality of cover pieces,
The side edges of adjacent cover pieces overlap each other,
The dust confinement device, wherein the covering pieces located in the corner portion are connected to each other via a pleated member.   The dust confinement device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the cover is selected from any one of a sheet, a film, a net, a pleated sheet, and a plate-like connector. The dust trapping device according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising a deodorant spraying means for spraying a deodorant for composite odor inside the dust trapping space.

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