JP3789683B2 - Butt welding method and welding apparatus therefor - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a butt welding method and a welding apparatus in which the ends of both a preceding strip and a succeeding strip are cut and then the ends of both strips are laser beam welded or arc welded.
[0002]
[Prior art]
9 and 10 are perspective views showing the structure of a conventional laser beam welding apparatus described in, for example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 7-132387.
9 and 10, 1 is a common base, 2 and 3 are front clamp devices and rear clamp devices provided on the common base 1 at a predetermined interval in the front-rear direction, and 4 is a front clamp device 2 and a rear portion. A shearing device 5 provided between the front clamping device 2 and the rear clamping device 3 can be moved back and forth from the left and right direction in the same manner as the shearing device 4. The back bar device 6 is an upper bed attached to the upper portion of the rear clamp device 3, the welding carriage device 7 is attached to the upper bed 6 so as to be movable in the left-right direction, and 8 is attached to the welding carriage device 7. A welding carriage device 9 is attached so as to be movable in the front-rear direction, and a welding torch 9 is attached to the welding carriage device 8 so as to be movable in the vertical direction. The machining head 10 is a transmission tube for transmitting the laser beam generated by the laser oscillator 11 to the machining head 9, 12 is a preceding strip as a preceding welding material not shown, and 13 is a trailing welding material. The trailing strip, arrow A indicates the direction of travel of the leading and trailing strips 12,13. Here, the traveling direction A of the preceding and succeeding strips 12 and 13 is defined as the front-rear direction, and the direction orthogonal to the traveling direction A on the main surface of the preceding and succeeding strips 12 and 13 is defined as the left-right direction. , 13 is the direction perpendicular to the main surface.
[0003]
FIG. 11 shows an optical system in the conventional laser beam welding apparatus shown in FIGS. 9 and 10, 14 is a mirror for changing the optical path of the laser beam 16, and 15 is attached inside the processing head 9. It is a condenser lens (or condenser mirror).
[0004]
Next, the operation of the conventional laser beam welding apparatus configured as described above will be described.
In the steel process line, when the strip is subjected to continuous processing such as pickling, plating, and heat treatment, the strip travels in the direction indicated by arrow A in FIG.
Then, when the strip is fed to the end, the leading strip 12 is stopped with the end being guided into the blade width 4a of the shear device 4 as shown in FIG. In this state, the trailing strip 13 is fed and stopped so that the front end portion thereof is positioned within the blade width 4 a of the shear device 4. Then, as shown in FIGS. 9 and 12, the back bar device 5 moves backward, and the shear device 4 moves forward to be positioned between the front clamp device 2 and the rear clamp device 3.
Next, both strips 12 and 13 are respectively held by the clamping devices 2 and 3, and then the upper shear blade of the shearing device 4 is lowered to cut the opposite end portions of both strips 12 and 13. Subsequently, as shown in FIGS. 10 and 13, the shear device 4 is moved backward, and the back bar device 5 is moved forward to be positioned between the front clamp device 2 and the rear clamp device 3. Thereafter, the front clamp device 2 is moved to the rear clamp device 3 side by the blade width 4a of the shear device 4 so that the cut surface of the preceding strip 12 and the cut surface of the subsequent strip 13 are abutted.
Next, the welding carriage device 8 is moved in the front-rear direction, that is, the machining head 9 is moved in a direction perpendicular to the cutting surfaces of the strips 12 and 13, and the joining portions of the two strips 12 and 13 with which the machining head 9 is abutted are joined. The machining head 9 is moved in the vertical direction and set so that the focal point of the laser beam becomes a predetermined height.
[0005]
After the preparation for welding is completed in this way, the direction of the laser beam 16 generated by the laser oscillator 11 is changed by the mirror 14 through the transmission tube 10 as shown in FIG. Then, the welding is started by condensing at the joint portion of both strips 12 and 13, and the welding carriage device 7 is moved in the left-right direction, that is, the machining head 9 is moved in the width direction of the strips 12 and 13, The strips 12, 13 are welded in succession.
[0006]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In the conventional butt welding apparatus, butt welding is performed as described above, but the shape of the cut surfaces of both strips 12 and 13 cut by the shearing apparatus 4 is perfect as shown in FIG. The front clamp device 2 is not straight, and the front clamp device 2 is moved toward the rear clamp device 3 by the blade width 4a of the shear device 4 so that the cut surface of the preceding strip 12 and the cut surface of the subsequent strip 13 are brought into contact with each other. Sometimes, as shown in FIG. 14B, the joint between the strips 12 and 13 has a narrow gap G at both ends and a wide gap G at the center.
Therefore, generally, as described in JP-A-61-176490, if the gap G is small to some extent, filler wire is inserted and welding is performed. However, since there is a change in the gap G, a filler wire insertion amount that can secure the finished thickness of the welded portion more than the strip thickness is required with respect to the maximum gap portion, that is, the gap amount G near the center portion, and the filler wire insertion amount is large. turn into. Accordingly, since a large amount of required heat input is required corresponding to the amount of filler wire inserted, there has been a problem that the welding speed decreases when the output is constant (maximum output).
Furthermore, when the gap G becomes large, there is a problem that meltdown occurs and welding cannot be performed. For this reason, in order to perform uniform welding throughout the entire width of the plate, as described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 4-51272, the cutting surface is polished by a polishing apparatus after cutting the strip, or the mechanical rigidity of the strip is increased. The gap G must be made very small by increasing the linearity and feeding accuracy of the cutting line by increasing the gap. In this case, there is a problem that it is necessary to add a polishing apparatus and that the apparatus is enlarged to increase the mechanical rigidity.
Further, as described in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 7-132387, there is a laser beam welding apparatus provided with a pressurizing means for pressurizing the butt portion in the plate thickness direction at a position preceding the processing head in the welding direction. It is effective if the gap G is small to some extent with respect to the thickness, but if the gap G is large, the gap cannot be made uniform or cannot be eliminated.
[0007]
The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and provides a butt welding method capable of increasing the welding speed without causing an increase in the size of the apparatus, and capable of performing butt welding with high quality and reliability. The object is to obtain a welding device.
[0008]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The butt welding method according to the present invention includes a welding torch that travels along a butt portion between a rear end portion of a plate-like preceding welded material and a front end portion of the plate-like subsequent welded material, and welds the butt portion. In this method, only the widthwise ends of the rear end portion of the preceding welded material and the front end portion of the subsequent welded material are overlapped in the plate thickness direction, and then the overlapped portion of both the welded materials is the plate thickness. After pressurizing in the direction, the rear end portion of the preceding welded material and the front end portion of the subsequent welded material are brought into close contact with each other, and then the butt portion is welded.
[0009]
Further, in synchronization with the traveling of the welding torch, the portion of the overlapped portion located in front of the traveling direction of the welding torch is pressed in the plate thickness direction so that the rear end portion of the preceding welded material and the subsequent portion The front end portion of the welding material is abutted in close contact, and the rear end portion of the preceding welding material and the front end portion of the subsequent welding material are abutted and welded.
[0010]
Further, the butt welding apparatus according to the present invention is configured to cause a welding torch to travel along a butt portion between a rear end portion of a plate-like preceding welded material and a front end portion of a plate-like subsequent welded material, In the butt welding apparatus for welding, the superimposing means for superimposing only the width direction both ends of the rear end portion of the preceding welded material and the front end portion of the subsequent welded material in the plate thickness direction, and both the welded materials And pressurizing means for pressing the overlapping portion in the plate thickness direction so that the rear end portion of the preceding welded material and the front end portion of the subsequent welded material are brought into close contact with each other. .
[0011]
Further, the pressurizing means is arranged in front of the traveling direction of the welding torch, and is configured to be movable in synchronization with the traveling of the welding torch.
[0012]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
Embodiment 1 FIG.
1 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a configuration of a laser beam welding apparatus according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a view of the laser beam welding apparatus according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention as viewed from the front clamping apparatus side. FIG. 3 is a diagram for explaining the operation of the laser beam welding apparatus according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. FIG. 4 is a view for explaining the superposition operation of the workpieces in the laser beam welding apparatus according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. FIG. 4 (a) shows the state before superposition, and FIG. ) Indicates the superposition state. FIGS. 5A and 5B are diagrams for explaining the operation of butting the materials to be welded in the laser beam welding apparatus according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. FIG. 5A shows the overlapping state, and FIG. Indicates the state.
In addition, in each figure, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to the same or equivalent part as the conventional laser beam welding apparatus shown in FIG. 9 thru | or FIG. 13, and the description is abbreviate | omitted.
[0013]
In FIGS. 1 and 2, 17 is a pair of wedge-shaped gibs disposed at the lower part of the front clamping device 2, 18 is an actuator for operating the gibb 17 to move the front clamping device 2 up and down. The apparatus 2, the give 17 and the actuator 18 constitute an overlapping means for overlapping the preceding strip 12 and the succeeding strip 13.
Reference numeral 19 denotes a pressure roller, and 20 denotes an actuator that presses the pressure roller 19 against the overlapping portion of the preceding strip 12 and the succeeding strip 13. The actuator 20 is applied to the welding carriage device 8 in the welding direction with respect to the processing head 9. It is attached to the welding carriage device 8 so as to be located in front of the welding carriage. The back bar device 5, the pressure roller 19, and the actuator 20 constitute a pressure unit that presses the overlapping portion of the preceding strip 12 and the succeeding strip 13 in the thickness direction.
[0014]
Next, the operation of the laser beam welding apparatus configured as described above will be described.
First, similarly to the conventional laser beam welding apparatus, when the strip is fed to the end, the leading end of the preceding strip 12 is guided into the blade width 4a of the shear device 4 and stops. In this state, the trailing strip 13 is fed and stopped so that the front end portion thereof is positioned within the blade width 4 a of the shear device 4. Then, the back bar device 5 moves backward and the shear device 4 moves forward and is positioned between the front clamping device 2 and the rear clamping device 3. Next, both strips 12 and 13 are respectively held by the clamping devices 2 and 3, and then the upper shear blade of the shearing device 4 is lowered to cut the opposite end portions of both strips 12 and 13. Subsequently, the shear device 4 is retracted, and the back bar device 5 is advanced to be positioned between the front clamp device 2 and the rear clamp device 3. Up to this point, the actuator 18 is actuated by the actuator 18, that is, the pair of wedge-shaped gibbs 17 are shifted to lower the front clamping device 2, so that the front clamping device 2 is at the same height position as the rear clamping device 3. Is retained.
[0015]
Then, the giver 17 is actuated by the actuator 18, that is, the lower giver 17 is pushed in as shown in FIG. 2 to raise the front clamp device 2, so that the front clamp device 2 is higher than the rear clamp device 3. Retained. The front clamping device 2 is held higher than the rear clamping device 3 by the thickness of the strip 12.
Thereafter, the front clamping device 2 is moved toward the rear clamping device 3 by the sum of the blade width 4a of the shear device 4 and the overlap setting value (about ½ of the strip thickness). Thereby, as shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 4B, the cut end of the preceding strip 12 and the cut end of the subsequent strip 13 are overlapped.
Next, the welding carriage device 8 is moved in the front-rear direction, the machining head 9 is moved in a direction perpendicular to the cut surfaces of the strips 12 and 13 (the length direction of the strip), and the machining head 9 is moved to both the strips 12 and 13. The processing head 9 is moved in the vertical direction so that the focal point of the laser beam becomes a predetermined height. In addition, since the actuator 20 is attached to the welding carriage device 8 so as to be positioned in front of the machining head 9 in the welding direction with respect to the welding carriage device 8, the actuator 20 is adjusted by the position adjustment process in the front-rear direction of the machining head 9. A pressure roller 19 attached to 20 is also located on the overlapping portion of both strips 12 and 13.
Further, the welding carriage device 7 is moved in the left-right direction so that the pressure roller 19 and the processing head 9 are positioned outwardly on the starting end side in the welding direction of the overlapping portions of the strips 12 and 13. Next, the actuator 20 lowers the pressure roller 19 to a predetermined position so that the pressure roller 19 is pressed against the overlapping portion of the strips 12 and 13 with a predetermined pressing force.
[0016]
After the preparation for welding is completed in this way, the welding carriage device 7 is moved in the left-right direction, and the pressure roller 19 is moved in the welding direction. Then, when the pressure roller 19 reaches the start end in the welding direction of the overlapping portion of both strips 12 and 13, it rides on the overlapping portion as shown in FIG. 3 and travels on the overlapping portion in the welding direction. Moving. At this time, since the overlapping portion is disposed on the back bar of the back bar device 5, it is pressed by the pressure roller 19 in the plate thickness direction. As a result, the ends of the two strips 12 and 13 that are superimposed are deformed and brought into close contact as shown in FIGS. 5 (a) and 5 (b). Subsequently, when the processing head 9 reaches the start end in the welding direction of the butted portions of the two strips 12 and 13, a laser beam is generated from the laser oscillator 11 and welding is started. The laser beam 16 generated by the laser oscillator 11 is condensed by the condensing lens 15 onto the abutting portions of both the strips 12 and 13, and the abutting portions are heated and melted and welded. Then, the welding carriage device 7 is further moved in the left-right direction, that is, the machining head 9 and the pressure roller 19 are moved in the width direction (welding direction) of the strips 12 and 13, so that both the strips 12 and 13 are continuous. Welded.
[0017]
As described above, in the first embodiment, the overlapping portion of both strips 12 and 13 is pressed in the plate thickness direction by the pressure roller 19 to deform the cut end portions of both strips 12 and 13 so as to be in a close state. After the butt, the butt is welded.
Therefore, the butted portion is in a close state, the gap G is eliminated, there is no melting during welding, and uniform high quality welding can be performed over the entire plate width. Further, there is no need to insert a filler wire at the abutting portion, it is not necessary to cut the cut surfaces of the strips 12 and 13, and it is not necessary to increase the mechanical rigidity, so that the welding speed can be increased. This eliminates the need for a grinding device, thereby reducing the cost of the device and further suppressing the increase in size of the device.
[0018]
In the first embodiment, the laser beam welding apparatus is used as the butt welding apparatus. However, it goes without saying that the same effect can be obtained even when the present invention is applied to an arc welding apparatus. It is not. In this case, in the arc welding apparatus, only the machining head 9 is replaced with an arc welding torch, the transmission tube 10 is replaced with a cable, and the laser oscillator 11 is replaced with an arc welding machine power source. It is the same.
In the first embodiment, the guillotine shear device 4 using a straight blade is described. However, the present invention has the same effect even when a rotary shear device using a rotating circular blade is used. Play.
In the first embodiment, the front clamping device 2 is maintained at a position higher than the rear clamping device 3 by the thickness of the strip 12, and the overlapping portion is pressed by the pressure roller 19. Although the two strips 12 and 13 are described as abutting each other, after the two strips 12 and 13 are overlapped, the front clamping device 2 is returned to the same height position as the rear clamping device 3 so that the overlapping portion is The same effect can be obtained even when the strips 12 and 13 are brought into contact with each other by being pressed by the pressure roller 19.
[0019]
Further, in the first embodiment, the explanation has been given on the assumption that the give 17 is arranged at the lower part of the front clamp device 2 and the actuator 17 is operated by the actuator 18 to raise and lower the front clamp device 2. The clamp device 2 may be moved up and down directly by an actuator, or the front clamp device 2 may be tilted by providing a rotation shaft. In the latter embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, the front lower end portion of the front clamp device 2 is connected to the common base 1 so as to be rotatable around a horizontal rotation shaft 21, and the actuator 18 is connected to the front portion. It arrange | positions on the common base 1 so that the back lower end part of the crank apparatus 2 may be raised / lowered. As a result, after the strips 12 and 13 are cut, the actuator 18 presses the rear lower end portion of the front clamp device 2 upward to rotate the front clamp device 2 around the rotation shaft 21, that is, the front clamp. The apparatus 2 is tilted, and then the front clamp 2 is moved backward by a predetermined amount (on the rear clamp apparatus 3 side), and the cut ends of both strips 12 and 13 are overlapped.
Moreover, in the said Embodiment 1, although demonstrated that the front part clamp apparatus 2 was raised / lowered, you may make it raise / lower the rear part clamp apparatus 3. FIG.
In the first embodiment, the overlapping portion of the strips 12 and 13 is described as being pressed between the pressure roller 19 and the back bar device 5 to form a close contact state. As shown in FIG. 8, pressure rollers 19 and 22 are arranged above and below the overlapping portion, and the overlapping portions are pressed by the upper and lower pressure rollers 19 and 22 so as to form a close contact state. Also good. In this case, the back bar device 5 a has a disk shape, and the pressure roller 22 and the back bar device 5 a are configured to travel in the welding direction in synchronization with the pressure roller 19 and the processing head 9.
In the first embodiment, the overlapping portion is pressed and welded while forming a close contact state. However, the overlap portion is pressed to close the entire overlap portion. Even if it is made to be welded after being formed into a state, the same effect is produced.
[0020]
【The invention's effect】
Since this invention is comprised as mentioned above, there exists an effect as described below.
[0021]
According to this invention, in the method of running the welding torch along the abutting portion between the rear end portion of the plate-shaped preceding welded material and the front end portion of the plate-shaped subsequent welded material, and welding the butted portion. Only the widthwise ends of the rear end of the preceding welded material and the front end of the subsequent welded material are overlapped in the plate thickness direction, and then the overlapped portion of both welded materials is added in the plate thickness direction. And pressing the rear end portion of the preceding welded material and the front end portion of the subsequent welded material in close contact with each other, and then welding the butted portion, so that the welding speed can be increased and high A butt-welding method that enables reliable butt welding with quality is obtained.
[0022]
Further, in synchronization with the traveling of the welding torch, the portion of the overlapped portion located in front of the traveling direction of the welding torch is pressed in the plate thickness direction so that the rear end portion of the preceding welded material and the subsequent portion Since the front end of the welded material is abutted in close contact with each other, the rear end of the preceding welded material and the front end of the subsequent welded material are butted against each other. Shortening is achieved.
[0023]
Further, in the butt welding apparatus for running the welding torch along the butt portion between the rear end portion of the plate-like preceding welded material and the tip portion of the plate-like succeeding welded material, and welding the butt portion, Superimposing means for superimposing only the widthwise ends of the rear end portion of the preceding welded material and the front end portion of the subsequent welded material in the plate thickness direction, and the overlapping portion of both welded materials in the thickness direction Since pressurizing means is provided to pressurize the rear end portion of the preceding welded material and the front end portion of the subsequent welded material in close contact with each other, welding can be performed without increasing the size of the apparatus. A butt welding apparatus that can increase the speed and perform high-quality and reliable butt welding is obtained.
[0024]
Further, since the pressurizing means is arranged in front of the traveling direction of the welding torch and is configured to be movable in synchronization with the traveling of the welding torch, the rear end portion and the rear portion of the preceding welding material are welded. Welding can be performed while abutting against the tip of the workpiece, and the welding time can be shortened.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a configuration of a laser beam welding apparatus according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a side view schematically showing a state where the laser beam welding apparatus according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention is viewed from the front clamping device side.
FIG. 3 is a diagram for explaining the operation of the laser beam welding apparatus according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining a superposition operation of materials to be welded in the laser beam welding apparatus according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a diagram for explaining a welding operation of a material to be welded in the laser beam welding apparatus according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a cross sectional view schematically showing a configuration of an apparatus in another example of the laser beam welding apparatus according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a side view schematically showing a state in which the apparatus in another example of the laser beam welding apparatus according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention is viewed from the front clamp apparatus side;
FIG. 8 is a diagram for explaining the operation of the apparatus in still another example of the laser beam welding apparatus according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a perspective view of a configuration of a conventional laser beam welding apparatus.
FIG. 10 is a perspective view of a configuration of a conventional laser beam welding apparatus.
FIG. 11 is an optical path diagram in a conventional laser beam welding apparatus.
FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional side view of a main part for explaining an operating state of a conventional laser beam welding apparatus.
FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional side view of a main part for explaining an operating state of a conventional laser beam welding apparatus.
FIG. 14 is a diagram for explaining a cut state and a butted state of a strip.
[Explanation of symbols]
2 front clamp device (superimposing means), 5 back bar device (pressurizing means), 9 processing head (welding torch), 12 preceding strip (preceding welded material), 13 following strip (following welded material) , 17 Gibb (superimposing means), 18 Actuator (superimposing means), 19, 22 Pressure roller (pressure means), 20 Actuator (pressure means).

Claims (4)

In the method of running the welding torch along the abutting portion between the rear end portion of the plate-shaped preceding welded material and the front end portion of the plate-shaped subsequent welding material, and welding the butted portion,
Only the width direction both ends of the rear end portion of the preceding welded material and the front end portion of the subsequent welded material are overlapped in the plate thickness direction, and then the overlapped portion of both the welded materials is pressed in the plate thickness direction. A butt welding method, wherein the butt portion is welded after the rear end portion of the preceding welded material and the front end portion of the subsequent weld material are brought into close contact with each other.   In synchronism with the traveling of the welding torch, the portion of the overlapped portion located in front of the traveling direction of the welding torch is pressed in the plate thickness direction and the rear end portion of the preceding welding material and the subsequent welding A welding is performed by abutting a leading end portion of the material in a close state and abutting the trailing end portion of the preceding welded material and the leading end portion of the succeeding welded material. The butt welding method according to 1. In a butt welding apparatus that welds the butt portion by running a welding torch along a butt portion between the rear end portion of the plate-shaped preceding welded material and the tip portion of the plate-shaped subsequent welded material,
Superimposing means for superimposing only the width direction both ends of the rear end portion of the preceding welded material and the front end portion of the subsequent welded material in the plate thickness direction;
Pressurizing means for pressing the overlapped portion of the two welded materials in the thickness direction so that the rear end of the preceding welded material and the front end of the subsequent welded material are brought into close contact with each other; A butt welding apparatus characterized by comprising:   4. The butt welding apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the pressurizing means is arranged in front of the traveling direction of the welding torch and is movable in synchronization with the traveling of the welding torch.

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