JP3783408B2 - Assembling roll for hot plate rolling with excellent accident resistance, wear resistance, and rough skin resistance - Google Patents

Assembling roll for hot plate rolling with excellent accident resistance, wear resistance, and rough skin resistance Download PDF

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JP3783408B2
JP3783408B2 JP14890998A JP14890998A JP3783408B2 JP 3783408 B2 JP3783408 B2 JP 3783408B2 JP 14890998 A JP14890998 A JP 14890998A JP 14890998 A JP14890998 A JP 14890998A JP 3783408 B2 JP3783408 B2 JP 3783408B2
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Prior art keywords
roll
resistance
outer layer
stress
rolling
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JPH11342406A (en
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満喜 堀内
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Hitachi Metals Ltd
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Hitachi Metals Ltd
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、鋳鋼、鍛鋼または黒鉛鋳鋼製の中空円筒状の内層の外周に、ハイス系粉末の焼結合金からなる外層を形成した複合スリーブを軸材に焼嵌めしてなる熱間圧延用組立式ロールに関し、特に、耐事故性、耐摩耗性および耐肌荒れ性に優れているために、連続熱間薄板仕上圧延機の作動ロールとして好適な熱間板圧延用組立式ロールに関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
熱間板圧延ロールにおいては、ロールコストの削減や圧延板の高品質化などに応えるべく耐摩耗性や耐肌荒れ性に対する要求は厳しさを増しており、外層がハイス系合金材からなる連続鋳掛け肉盛ロール(W088/07594号公報)や、外層がハイス系合金材からなる遠心鋳造ロール等の適用が進んでいるが、要求に十分追いつけていないのが現状である。
【0003】
更なる耐摩耗、耐肌荒れ材としては熱間等方圧プレス(HIP)法によるハイス系焼結合金が注目されている。ハイス系焼結合金を外層に形成したロールを製造する場合、ロールの軸材の周りに金属カプセルを取り付け、軸材と金属カプセルとの間の環状空間内に所定のハイス系合金粉末を充填し、ロール全体をHIP炉に装入してHIP処理を施す必要がある。ロール全体をHIP炉に装入するために熱間板圧延用のような大型のロールにあってはそれ相応の大型のHIP炉を用いる必要があるので、エネルギーコストおよび雰囲気コストは極めて高くなっていた。
【0004】
そこで、特開昭56-69304号で提案されているように、ロールの胴部に相当する長さの軸材を用いて、その周囲に金属粉末をHIP処理した上で、HIP処理の後、軸材の両端の支持部を溶接などで取り付ける方法がある。この方法によればHIP処理する際の炉の大きさはロールの胴部が入るだけの大きさがあればよいので、ロール全体を収容するほどの大きさのHIP炉を必要としないと言う利点がある。
【0005】
しかしながら、上記方法では内層材を中実円筒状の形状にする必要がある。中実円筒状の内層では、中空円筒状の内層に比べ重量が増加し、HIP炉の制限を受ける可能性がある。従って、HIP炉の制限や製造コストを考慮すると中空状の軸材の外周にハイス焼結合金をHIP法により形成させた複合スリーブを、ロール軸材に焼嵌めして組立てた構造にすることが有効である。
【0006】
一方、最近の熱間板圧延方式ではワークロールに多大な荷重が作用し、ワークロールの最大接触圧力も増大しており、絞り込みや咬み止めなどの圧延操業上の事故は不可避的なものとなっている。これらの圧延操業上の事故によって、ロール表層部には熱亀裂や焼付きを伴った絞り亀裂が生じることがある。
【0007】
通常、亀裂が生じたときは研削加工などにより亀裂を完全に除去してから次回の圧延に用いるようにする。亀裂を残したまま圧延に使用した場合、圧延による外力を受けて亀裂がしばしば進展する。この亀裂は圧延中の繰り返し負荷により、主にロールの回転方向と逆の円周方向に斜め深部に進んだ後、ロールの表面とほぼ平行に進展する傾向を示す。この進展過程で亀裂が限界寸法に達すると、ロール表層部が大きく剥離するスポーリングに至る。
【0008】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
そこで従来から、スポーリングの起点となる亀裂の進展を抑止するために、常時外層にロール円周および軸方向の圧縮応力を付与させる方法が採られている。しかしながら、極めて稀な現象ではあるが、前述の圧延負荷に伴ったスポーリングとは異なる現象として、進展した亀裂を内在したままで圧延負荷を加えていない状態にあっても、亀裂が進展して剥離する(遅れ破壊と呼ぶ)ことがあり安全上の課題が残る。
【0009】
スリーブロールをロール軸材に焼嵌めする場合、圧延時にスリーブロールとロール軸材の滑りやスリーブロールの破壊等を防止するために、適正な焼嵌率を設定する必要がある。
しかしながら、焼嵌めを実施すると前述の目的にて付与した応力は変化してしまう。
【0010】
本発明は、このような事情に鑑みてなされたものであり、焼嵌め後の適正な残留応力を付与することにより、絞り込み時などにおける外層の亀裂の進展を抑えるとともに、圧延負荷を加えていない状態において生じる遅れ破壊を引き起こすような亀裂の進展を抑えた耐事故性と安全性に優れるとともに、耐摩耗性および耐肌荒れ性に優れた熱間板圧延用組立式ロールを提供することを目的とする。
【0011】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明者は鋭意研究の結果、ロール内層に伸びのある材質を用い、その内層の外周にハイス系粉末の焼結合金からなる外層を形成した複合スリーブを軸材に焼嵌めしてなる熱間圧延用組立式ロールにおいて、外層におけるロール円周方向の圧縮応力を所定の範囲にすると同時に、外層におけるロール半径方向の応力を一定値以下にすることにより、耐事故性ならびに安全性を著しく向上できることを見出した。
【0012】
すなわち、本発明の熱間板圧延用組立式ロールは、鋳鋼、鍛鋼または黒鉛鋳鋼製の中空円筒状の内層の外周に拡散接合された外層を有する複合スリーブを軸材に焼嵌めしてなる熱間圧延用組立式ロールであって、前記外層はハイス系合金粉末を熱間等方圧プレス法により焼結したものであり、焼嵌め後の外層におけるロール円周方向の応力が−600〜−200MPa、外層におけるロール半径方向の応力が+100MPa以下であり、かつ内層の伸びが1%以上であることを特徴とする。ここで、応力の符号−は圧縮、+は引張を表す。
【0013】
【発明の実施の形態】
複合スリーブロールの製造工程で、焼入れや焼戻しなどの熱処理や、HIP焼結するときに外層と内層の熱膨張率や変態特性の差により残留応力が発生する。たとえば、熱処理を施す場合、外層に対してより高温で変態する内層は変態膨張するときに未変態の外層によって締めつけられて弾塑性変形するが、内層の変態膨張する温度が高いほど塑性変形の比率が高くなる。内層の変態膨張が完了した時点では塑性変形により内層の内部応力は小さいが、ロールがさらに冷却されると、今度は未変態であった外層が変態膨張する。外層の変態膨張の過程では、外層の軸、円周、半径の各方向の寸法は、内層より相対的に大きくなろうとするが、両者の接合部分において、強固に接合されているため、内層と外層の負荷が釣り合おうとする。その結果、内層は外層によって軸、円周、半径の各方向に引っ張られる一方、外層は軸および円周方向に圧縮され、半径方向に引っ張られる形となる。
【0014】
外層においては、圧延咬止め時の熱亀裂を浅くするために円周、軸方向の圧縮応力を高い状態に保持したいが、円周、軸方向の圧縮応力が高ければ高いほど半径方向の引張応力が高くなるため、外層剥離の危険性が大きくなるので、半径方向の引張応力はなるべく小さく抑える必要がある。
【0015】
外層でのロール円周方向の圧縮応力が200MPaを下回ると熱亀裂が深く入りやすく、600MPaを超えると剥離しやすくなるので、外層でのロール円周方向の応力は−600〜−200MPaの範囲が好ましい。より好ましいロール円周方向の応力は、−400〜−250MPaである。また、外層でのロール半径方向の応力が+100MPaを超えると圧延負荷を与えない状態においても亀裂が進展しやすく剥離が起きやすくなるので好ましくない。
【0016】
本発明においては、外層は耐摩耗性および耐肌荒れ性に優れたハイス系合金材からなり、内層は鋳鋼、鍛鋼または黒鉛鋳鋼製など伸びが1%以上の強靭材からなる。
【0017】
【実施例】
内層として伸びが1%以上のSCM440相当の鍛鋼製のリング体を用い、その外周にハイス系合金粉末をHIP法により焼結、拡散接合させた外層を有する複合スリーブを形成した。そして、この複合スリーブを鍛鋼製のロール軸材に焼嵌めにより嵌合し、組立一体構造の複合ロールを製作した。このロールの諸元は、胴部外径φ415mm×長さ900mm、外層と内層の境界径φ272mm、スリーブ内径φ132mm、焼嵌め率1/1000である。
【0018】
このロールを種々の焼入れ方法と条件を試行した結果、以下の条件で本発明の残留応力分布が得られることを見出した。すなわち、1080℃にて表面低・中周波焼入れを施し、その後に500〜550℃で2回の焼戻しをした。次に、本ロールをザックス法で外層での応力を測定した結果、外層でのロール円周方向の応力は外層表面で−250MPa、外層内部では最大−300MPaが測定された。また、焼嵌めによる組立状態では焼嵌めによる半径方向の圧縮応力が加味されることを考慮して、外層でのロール半径方向の応力は最大+70MPaであった。この応力分布を図1に示す。
また、図2に示すようにロールの胴部中央に90度の鋭角をもった突切り工具で重旋削を行い、工具先端隅角からの剥離の有無を調べた。当該ロールは剥離が生じなかった。この試験は、外層における剥離傾向の程度を調べるために行なったもので、本試験によって剥離しない残留応力分布を有する複合ロールは、実機圧延機においても耐剥離性に優れていることが経験的に確かめられている。一方、比較例として、同一寸法のロールで半径方向応力130MPaのものは、図2に示すように工具先端部が境界層手前3mmに達した際に、工具先端隅角を起点とする剥離が生じた。
【0019】
これらの結果より、本発明のロールは、外層に所定の円周方向の圧縮応力が付与されているので、熱亀裂が浅く抑えられ、また、外層に過大でない所定の半径方向引張応力および所定の円周方向応力が付与されているので、亀裂の進展速度は抑制される。その結果、圧延負荷の作用時においても剥離が生じ難く、さらには無負荷時における剥離に対しても著しく安全性を向上させることが十分期待できる。
【0020】
本発明ロールを実際の連続熱間薄板仕上圧延機の作動ロールとして使用した結果、溶製ハイスロールと比較したところ、耐肌荒れ性は2.3倍、耐摩耗性は2.7倍の効果が得られた。
【0021】
【発明の効果】
本発明の熱間圧延用組立式ロールは、ハイス系焼結合金からなる外層に所定の円周方向の圧縮応力が付与されているので、スポーリングに発展する熱亀裂が浅く抑えられ、亀裂を排除するロール研削量が少なくなる。また、外層に過大でない所定の半径方向引張応力および所定の円周方向応力が付与されているので、亀裂の進展速度は抑制される。その結果、圧延負荷の作用時においても剥離が生じ難く、さらには無負荷時における剥離に対して著しく安全性が高められたロールを提供できる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明の実施例1の圧延用組立式ロールに係わる応力分布図である。
【図2】本発明の工具先端隅角からの剥離の有無を調べる方法を示す概念図である。
[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an assembly for hot rolling, in which a composite sleeve in which an outer layer made of a sintered alloy of high-speed powder is formed on the outer periphery of a hollow cylindrical inner layer made of cast steel, forged steel or graphite cast steel is shrink-fitted to a shaft. More particularly, the present invention relates to an assembly roll for hot plate rolling suitable as an operation roll for a continuous hot sheet finishing mill because it has excellent accident resistance, wear resistance, and rough skin resistance.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In hot plate rolling rolls, the demand for wear resistance and rough skin resistance is increasing in order to reduce roll costs and improve the quality of rolled plates, and continuous casting with an outer layer made of high-speed alloy material. Application of a built-up roll (W088 / 07594), a centrifugal casting roll whose outer layer is made of a high-speed alloy material, and the like are progressing, but the current situation is that the demand has not been sufficiently met.
[0003]
As a further wear-resistant and rough skin-resistant material, a high-speed sintered alloy by hot isostatic pressing (HIP) method has attracted attention. When manufacturing a roll in which a high-speed sintered alloy is formed in the outer layer, a metal capsule is attached around the shaft of the roll, and a predetermined high-speed alloy powder is filled in the annular space between the shaft and the metal capsule. The entire roll needs to be charged into a HIP furnace and subjected to HIP treatment. In order to charge the entire roll into the HIP furnace, a large roll such as for hot plate rolling needs to use a corresponding large HIP furnace, so the energy cost and the atmospheric cost are extremely high. It was.
[0004]
Therefore, as proposed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 56-69304, a shaft material having a length corresponding to the body of the roll is used, and the metal powder is subjected to HIP treatment around the shaft, and after HIP treatment, There is a method of attaching support portions at both ends of the shaft member by welding or the like. According to this method, the size of the furnace when performing the HIP treatment only needs to be large enough to accommodate the body of the roll, so that an HIP furnace that is large enough to accommodate the entire roll is not required. There is.
[0005]
However, in the above method, the inner layer material needs to have a solid cylindrical shape. The solid cylindrical inner layer is heavier than the hollow cylindrical inner layer and may be limited by the HIP furnace. Therefore, considering the limitations of the HIP furnace and the manufacturing cost, a composite sleeve in which a high-speed sintered alloy is formed on the outer periphery of a hollow shaft member by the HIP method is assembled by shrink fitting on a roll shaft member. It is valid.
[0006]
On the other hand, in the recent hot plate rolling method, a large load is applied to the work roll and the maximum contact pressure of the work roll is also increasing, and accidents in rolling operations such as narrowing and biting are inevitable. ing. Due to these accidents during rolling operations, there may be a drawing crack accompanied by thermal cracking or seizure in the roll surface layer.
[0007]
Usually, when a crack occurs, it is used for the next rolling after completely removing the crack by grinding or the like. When used for rolling with a crack left, the crack often develops due to an external force due to rolling. This crack shows a tendency to develop almost in parallel with the surface of the roll after proceeding to the oblique deep part mainly in the circumferential direction opposite to the rotation direction of the roll due to repeated load during rolling. When the crack reaches the critical dimension in this progressing process, it leads to spalling where the roll surface layer part is largely peeled off.
[0008]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
Therefore, conventionally, in order to suppress the progress of cracks that are the starting point of spalling, a method of constantly applying a roll circumferential and axial compressive stress to the outer layer has been adopted. However, although it is an extremely rare phenomenon, as a phenomenon different from the above-mentioned spalling due to the rolling load, the crack has progressed even in the state where the developed crack remains inside and the rolling load is not applied. It may peel off (called delayed fracture), leaving a safety issue.
[0009]
When the sleeve roll is shrink-fitted to the roll shaft material, it is necessary to set an appropriate shrinkage rate in order to prevent the sleeve roll and the roll shaft material from slipping or breaking the sleeve roll during rolling.
However, when shrink fitting is performed, the stress applied for the purpose described above changes.
[0010]
The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and by applying an appropriate residual stress after shrink-fitting, the development of cracks in the outer layer at the time of narrowing or the like is suppressed, and no rolling load is applied. The purpose of the present invention is to provide an assembling roll for hot plate rolling that is superior in accident resistance and safety, which suppresses the development of cracks that cause delayed fracture that occurs in a state, and that is excellent in wear resistance and rough skin resistance. To do.
[0011]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
As a result of diligent research, the inventor of the present invention uses a material having an elongation in the inner layer of the roll, and a hot sleeve formed by shrink-fitting a composite sleeve having an outer layer made of a sintered alloy of high-speed powder on the outer periphery of the inner layer. In the roll-type rolls, the compressive stress in the roll circumferential direction in the outer layer is kept within the specified range, and at the same time, the stress in the roll radial direction in the outer layer can be reduced to a certain value or less so that accident resistance and safety can be significantly improved. I found.
[0012]
That is, the assembly roll for hot plate rolling of the present invention is a heat formed by shrink-fitting a composite sleeve having an outer layer diffusion-bonded to the outer periphery of a hollow cylindrical inner layer made of cast steel, forged steel or graphite cast steel to a shaft material. It is an assembly-type roll for hot rolling, and the outer layer is obtained by sintering a high-speed alloy powder by hot isostatic pressing, and the stress in the roll circumferential direction in the outer layer after shrink fitting is −600 to − 200 MPa, the stress in the roll radial direction in the outer layer is +100 MPa or less, and the elongation of the inner layer is 1% or more. Here, the sign-of stress represents compression and + represents tension.
[0013]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
In the manufacturing process of the composite sleeve roll, residual stress is generated by heat treatment such as quenching and tempering and difference in thermal expansion coefficient and transformation characteristic between the outer layer and the inner layer when performing HIP sintering. For example, when heat treatment is performed, the inner layer transformed at a higher temperature than the outer layer is elastically deformed by being tightened by the untransformed outer layer when undergoing transformation expansion, but the higher the temperature at which the inner layer undergoes transformation expansion, the higher the ratio of plastic deformation Becomes higher. At the time when the transformation expansion of the inner layer is completed, the internal stress of the inner layer is small due to plastic deformation, but when the roll is further cooled, the outer layer that has not been transformed this time undergoes transformation expansion. In the process of transformation expansion of the outer layer, the dimensions of the outer layer in the axial, circumferential, and radial directions tend to be relatively larger than the inner layer. The load on the outer layer tries to balance. As a result, the inner layer is pulled in the axial, circumferential, and radial directions by the outer layer, while the outer layer is compressed in the axial and circumferential directions and pulled in the radial direction.
[0014]
In the outer layer, we want to keep the circumferential and axial compressive stresses high in order to make the thermal cracks during rolling biting shallow, but the higher the circumferential and axial compressive stresses, the higher the tensile stress in the radial direction. Since the risk of outer layer peeling increases, the radial tensile stress must be kept as small as possible.
[0015]
When the compressive stress in the roll circumferential direction in the outer layer is less than 200 MPa, thermal cracks are likely to enter deeply, and when the compressive stress in the outer layer exceeds 600 MPa, it is easy to peel off. Therefore, the stress in the roll circumferential direction in the outer layer is preferable. A more preferable stress in the roll circumferential direction is −400 to −250 MPa. Further, if the stress in the roll radial direction in the outer layer exceeds +100 MPa, it is not preferable because cracks are likely to develop even in a state where no rolling load is applied, and peeling easily occurs.
[0016]
In the present invention, the outer layer is made of a high-speed alloy material excellent in wear resistance and rough skin resistance, and the inner layer is made of a tough material having an elongation of 1% or more, such as cast steel, forged steel or graphite cast steel.
[0017]
【Example】
A forged steel ring body equivalent to SCM440 having an elongation of 1% or more was used as the inner layer, and a composite sleeve having an outer layer formed by sintering and diffusion bonding high-speed alloy powder by the HIP method on the outer periphery thereof was formed. Then, this composite sleeve was fitted to a roll shaft material made of forged steel by shrink fitting to manufacture a composite roll having an integrated assembly structure. The specifications of this roll are as follows: body outer diameter φ415 mm × length 900 mm, boundary diameter between outer layer and inner layer φ272 mm, sleeve inner diameter φ132 mm, shrink fit rate 1/1000.
[0018]
As a result of trying various quenching methods and conditions for this roll, it was found that the residual stress distribution of the present invention can be obtained under the following conditions. That is, surface low and medium frequency quenching was performed at 1080 ° C., and then tempering was performed twice at 500 to 550 ° C. Next, as a result of measuring the stress in the outer layer of this roll by the Sachs method, the stress in the roll circumferential direction in the outer layer was measured at -250 MPa on the outer layer surface, and at maximum -300 MPa in the outer layer. In consideration of the fact that the compressive stress in the radial direction due to shrink fitting is taken into account in the assembled state by shrink fitting, the stress in the roll radial direction in the outer layer was +70 MPa at the maximum. This stress distribution is shown in FIG.
Also, as shown in FIG. 2, heavy turning was performed with a parting tool having an acute angle of 90 degrees in the center of the body of the roll, and the presence or absence of peeling from the tool tip corner was examined. The roll did not peel. This test was conducted to examine the degree of peeling tendency in the outer layer, and it has been empirically found that a composite roll having a residual stress distribution that does not peel by this test has excellent peeling resistance even in an actual rolling mill. It has been confirmed. On the other hand, as a comparative example, a roll having the same size and a radial stress of 130 MPa causes peeling when the tool tip reaches 3 mm before the boundary layer as shown in FIG. It was.
[0019]
From these results, since the roll of the present invention has a predetermined circumferential compressive stress applied to the outer layer, the thermal crack is suppressed shallow, and the outer layer has a predetermined radial tensile stress and a predetermined Since the circumferential stress is applied, the crack growth rate is suppressed. As a result, it is difficult to cause separation even when the rolling load is applied, and it can be sufficiently expected that the safety is remarkably improved with respect to separation when no load is applied.
[0020]
As a result of using the roll of the present invention as an operating roll of an actual continuous hot sheet finishing mill, the surface roughness resistance is 2.3 times and the wear resistance is 2.7 times as compared with the melted high speed roll. Obtained.
[0021]
【The invention's effect】
In the prefabricated roll for hot rolling of the present invention, a predetermined circumferential compressive stress is applied to the outer layer made of a high-speed sintered alloy, so that thermal cracks that develop into spalling are suppressed shallowly, and cracks are prevented. The amount of roll grinding to be eliminated decreases. In addition, since a predetermined radial tensile stress and a predetermined circumferential stress that are not excessive are applied to the outer layer, the crack growth rate is suppressed. As a result, it is possible to provide a roll that hardly peels even when a rolling load is applied and that has significantly improved safety against peeling when no load is applied.
[Brief description of the drawings]
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a stress distribution diagram related to a rolling assembly type roll according to Example 1 of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a conceptual diagram showing a method for examining the presence or absence of peeling from a tool tip corner according to the present invention.

Claims (1)

鋳鋼、鍛鋼または黒鉛鋳鋼製の中空円筒状の内層の外周に拡散接合された外層を有する複合スリーブを軸材に焼嵌めしてなる熱間圧延用組立式ロールであって、前記外層はハイス系合金粉末を熱間等方圧プレス法により焼結したものであり、焼嵌め後の外層におけるロール円周方向の応力が−600〜−200MPa、外層におけるロール半径方向の応力が+100MPa以下であり、かつ内層の伸びが1%以上であることを特徴とする耐事故性、耐摩耗性および耐肌荒れ性に優れた熱間板圧延用組立式ロール。  An assembly roll for hot rolling, in which a composite sleeve having an outer layer diffusion-bonded to the outer periphery of a hollow cylindrical inner layer made of cast steel, forged steel or graphite cast steel is shrink-fitted to a shaft material, the outer layer being a high-speed roll The alloy powder is sintered by hot isostatic pressing, the stress in the roll circumferential direction in the outer layer after shrink fitting is -600 to -200 MPa, the stress in the roll radial direction in the outer layer is +100 MPa or less, An assembly type roll for hot plate rolling excellent in accident resistance, wear resistance, and rough skin resistance, characterized in that the elongation of the inner layer is 1% or more.
JP14890998A 1998-05-29 1998-05-29 Assembling roll for hot plate rolling with excellent accident resistance, wear resistance, and rough skin resistance Expired - Lifetime JP3783408B2 (en)

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JP14890998A JP3783408B2 (en) 1998-05-29 1998-05-29 Assembling roll for hot plate rolling with excellent accident resistance, wear resistance, and rough skin resistance

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JP14890998A JP3783408B2 (en) 1998-05-29 1998-05-29 Assembling roll for hot plate rolling with excellent accident resistance, wear resistance, and rough skin resistance

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JP3783408B2 true JP3783408B2 (en) 2006-06-07

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