JP3777450B2 - Transparent synthetic resin laminate - Google Patents

Transparent synthetic resin laminate Download PDF

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Publication number
JP3777450B2
JP3777450B2 JP2001399724A JP2001399724A JP3777450B2 JP 3777450 B2 JP3777450 B2 JP 3777450B2 JP 2001399724 A JP2001399724 A JP 2001399724A JP 2001399724 A JP2001399724 A JP 2001399724A JP 3777450 B2 JP3777450 B2 JP 3777450B2
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Prior art keywords
synthetic resin
adhesive
resin laminate
layer
resin
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JP2001399724A
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JP2003191399A (en
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吉克 松田
隆男 城崎
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Takiron Co Ltd
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Takiron Co Ltd
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、主に工作機械等の安全カバー材として使用される透明な合成樹脂積層板に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
従来より、工作機械等の安全カバー材として、ポリカーボネート樹脂板とアクリル樹脂板を熱可塑性ポリウレタン系接着剤で貼り合わせた透明な合成樹脂積層板が知られている。
【0003】
この合成樹脂積層板は、ポリカーボネート樹脂板とアクリル樹脂板との接着強度が大きく、耐衝撃強度やその他の物性も良好であり、双方の樹脂板の長所を兼ね備えた安全性の高い複合板である。
【0004】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかしながら、上記の合成樹脂積層板は、使用するポリウレタン系接着剤が高価であるため、製造コストが高くなるという問題があった。かといって、コスト低減を図るために比較的安価に入手できる他の接着剤を使用すると、上記のポリウレタン系接着剤を使用した合成樹脂積層板と同等の接着強度や耐衝撃強度を有する合成樹脂積層板を得ることが難しくなる。
【0005】
本発明は斯かる事情に対処すべくなされたもので、その目的とするところは、ポリウレタン系接着剤を使用した合成樹脂積層板と同等の接着強度、耐衝撃強度その他の物性を備え、しかも、製造コストの低減を図ることができる透明な合成樹脂積層板を提供することにある。
【0006】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記目的を達成するため、本発明の請求項1に係る合成樹脂積層板は、ポリカーボネート樹脂の下板層と、2軸延伸されたポリエチレンテレフタレートの中間フィルム層と、キャストタイプのアクリル樹脂の上板層とが、酢酸ビニルを5〜30重量%、ビニルアルコールを5〜30重量%含む鹸化したエチレン−酢酸ビニル共重合体を主要成分とするホットメルト型の樹脂接着剤層を介して、一体に接着されていることを特徴とするものである。
【0007】
エチレン−酢酸ビニル共重合体鹸化したエチレン−酢酸ビニル共重合体を主要成分とするホットメルト型の樹脂接着剤は、ポリマー分子中にカルボキシル基や水酸基などの官能基を有するため接着性が良好であるが、この接着剤のみでポリカーボネート樹脂の下板層とアクリル樹脂の上板層を一体に接着すると、後述の実験データに示すように耐衝撃強度が不十分となり、クラックが生じやすくなるため、前述のポリウレタン系接着剤を用いて接着した合成樹脂積層板と同等の耐衝撃強度を有する合成樹脂積層板を得ることは難しい。けれども、本発明のように下板層と上板層の間に2軸延伸されたポリエチレンテレフタレートの中間フィルム層を設け、これらを上記の酢酸ビニル5〜30重量%とビニルアルコール5〜30重量%を含む鹸化したエチレン−酢酸ビニル共重合体を主要成分とするホットメルト型樹脂接着剤を介して一体に接着すると、後述の実験データに示すように耐衝撃強度が向上し、前述のポリウレタン系接着剤を用いた合成樹脂積層板と同等の接着強度や耐衝撃強度を有する安全性の高い合成樹脂積層板が得られる。しかも、上記のホットメルト型樹脂接着剤は、前述のポリウレタン系接着剤に比べるとかなり安価に入手でき、また熱可塑性樹脂の中間フィルムも安価なものであるから、本発明の合成樹脂基層板は製造コストを低減することができる。
【0008】
次に、本発明の請求項2に係る合成樹脂積層板は、上記請求項1の合成樹脂積層板において、上記中間フィルム層が上記樹脂接着剤層を介して複数層設けられていることを特徴とするものである。
【0009】
このような合成樹脂積層板も、前述のポリウレタン系接着剤を用いた合成樹脂積層板と同等の接着強度や耐衝撃強度を有し、製造コストの低減が可能である。
【0010】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、図面を参照して本発明の具体的な実施形態を詳述する。
【0011】
図1は本発明の一実施形態に係る合成樹脂積層板の断面図である。
【0012】
この合成樹脂積層板は、透明なポリカーボネート樹脂の下板層1と、透明な熱可塑性樹脂の中間フィルム層3と、透明なアクリル樹脂の上板層2とを、透明なホットメルト型の樹脂接着剤層4,4を介して一体に接着した透明な積層板である。
【0013】
ポリカーボネート樹脂の下板層1は、ポリカーボネート樹脂本来の優れた耐衝撃性により合成樹脂積層板の耐貫通性能を高めて安全性を確保する役目を果たすものであるから、例えば工作機械等の安全カバー材として用いる合成樹脂積層板の場合は、下板層1として厚さが少なくとも5mm、好ましくは6〜10mm程度の厚いポリカーボネート樹脂板が使用される。
【0014】
一方、アクリル樹脂の上板層2は、アクリル樹脂本来の高い表面硬度により合成樹脂積層板の上面の耐擦傷性を向上させる役目を果たすものであるから、上記の下板層1より薄くても十分であり、例えば厚さが5mm未満、好ましくは2〜4mm程度のポリメチルメタクリレート板等が使用される。特に、耐油性の良好なキャストタイプのポリメチルメタクリレート板を用いると、合成樹脂積層板の上面の耐油性を向上させることも可能となる。
【0015】
熱可塑性樹脂の中間フィルム層3は、合成樹脂積層板の耐衝撃強度を高め、外部から(特に上板層2の方から)衝撃力を受けたときにアクリル樹脂の上板層2やポリカーボネート樹脂の下板層1が割れたりクラックが発生するのを防止する役目を果たすものであり、例えばポリエチレンテレフタレート(PET)、ポリカーボネート(PC)、ポリメチルメタクリレート(PMMA)、ポリ塩化ビニル(PVC)等のフィルムが使用される。PETフィルムとしては、延伸されたPETフィルムや、非晶質のPETフィルム(PETのエチレングリコール成分の10〜70%をシクロヘキサンジメタノールで置換したもの)がいずれも好適に使用される。特に好ましいのは、2軸延伸されたPETフィルムである。
【0016】
この中間フィルム層3の厚さは50〜200μm程度であることが好ましく、50μmより薄くなると、合成樹脂積層板の耐衝撃強度を十分に高めることが難しくなり、また、200μmより厚くなると、PETフィルム等の比較的腰の強いフィルムで中間フィルム層3を形成した場合に、やはり耐衝撃強度を十分に高めることが難しくなる。中間フィルム層3の更に好ましい厚さは70〜150μmであり、多層化することにより耐衝撃強度が向上する。
【0017】
ホットメルト型の樹脂接着剤層4は、エチレン−酢酸ビニル共重合体および/または鹸化したエチレン−酢酸ビニル共重合体を主要成分とするものであって、前者のエチレン−酢酸ビニル共重合体(以下、EVAと記す)は、官能基としてカルボキシル基を有し、後者の鹸化したエチレン−酢酸ビニル共重合体(以下、鹸化EVAと記す)は、官能基としてカルボキシル基と水酸基を有するため、良好な接着性を示す。前者のEVAは酢酸ビニルを10〜40重量%含むものが好ましく、また、後者の鹸化EVAは酢酸ビニルを5〜30重量%、ビニルアルコールを5〜30重量%含むものが好ましく使用される。
【0018】
このホットメルト型樹脂接着剤には、必要に応じて改質剤や粘着付与剤をさらに混合してもよい。改質剤としては、メタクリル酸エステル−不飽和カルボン酸共重合成分とエチレン−酢酸ビニル共重合成分とのグラフト共重合体や、その鹸化共重合体が使用され、これらの改質剤は40〜50重量%程度混合するのが適当である。また、粘着付与剤としては、脂肪族系炭化水素樹脂、脂環族系炭化水素樹脂、芳香族系炭化水素樹脂、ポリテルペン系樹脂、ロジン類等が使用され、これらの粘着付与剤は5〜30重量%程度混合するのが適当である。
【0019】
このホットメルト型樹脂接着剤層4の厚さは50〜750μm程度であることが好ましく、50μm未満では接着強度の低下を招く恐れがあり、一方、750μmより厚くしてもそれに見合った接着力の向上が見られず、接着剤の無駄使いとなる。ホットメルト型樹脂接着剤層4の更に好ましい厚さは80〜250μm程度である。
【0020】
このような構成の合成樹脂積層板は、例えば次の方法によって容易に製造される。即ち、ホットプレス機の下型と上型との間に、ポリカーボネート樹脂の下板と、ホットメルト型樹脂接着剤のフィルムと、熱可塑性樹脂の中間フィルムと、ホットメルト型樹脂接着剤のフィルムと、アクリル樹脂の上板とを順次積み重ねてセットし、下板を90〜140℃、上板を70〜110℃に加熱すると共に、その熱で樹脂接着剤のフィルムを溶融させてプレスする方法により、容易に製造することができる。このように下板と上板の加熱温度を調節してプレスすると、反りや歪みが極めて少ない平坦度に優れた合成樹脂積層板を製造できる利点がある。
【0021】
上記の合成樹脂積層板は、ポリカーボネート樹脂の下板層1とアクリル樹脂の上板層2のそれぞれの優れた物性を兼ね備えた透明性の良好な複合板であり、耐貫通性能が高く、安全性に優れており、また耐擦傷性や耐油性が良好である。しかも、この合成樹積層板はポリカーボネート樹脂の下板層1とアクリル樹脂の上板層2との間に熱可塑性樹脂の中間フィルム層3を設け、前述のEVAや鹸化EVAを主成分とする接着性に優れたホットメルト型の樹脂接着剤層4を介して、下板層1と中間フィルム層3と上板層2を接着一体化したものであるため、下板層1と上板層2を該樹脂接着剤層4で接着一体化したものに比べて、耐衝撃強度が大幅に向上し、従来のポリウレタン系接着剤を用いた合成樹脂積層板と同等の耐衝撃強度および接着強度を有するものとなる。また、EVAや鹸化EVAを主成分とするホットメルト型の樹脂接着剤は、従来のポリウレタン系接着剤に比べるとかなり安価に入手でき、熱可塑性樹脂の中間フィルムも安価なものであるから、この合成樹脂積層板は製造コストの低減が可能である。
【0022】
図2は本発明の他の実施形態に係る合成樹脂積層板の断面図である。
【0023】
この合成樹脂積層板は、ポリカーボネート樹脂の下板層1とアクリル樹脂の上板層2との間に熱可塑性樹脂の中間フィルム層3を二層設け、これらをホットメルト型の樹脂接着剤層4を介して一体に接着したものである。下板層1、上板層2、中間フィルム層3、樹脂接着層4は、図1の合成樹脂積層板に使用したものと同じものであるので、説明を省略する。
【0024】
このような合成樹脂積層板も、図1の合成樹脂積層板と同様の優れた物性を有し、従来のポリウレタン接着剤を用いた合成樹脂積層板に匹敵する接着強度や耐衝撃強度を有する。
【0025】
尚、図2に示す合成樹脂積層板は中間フィルム層3を二層設けているが、場合によっては三層以上設けてもよい。
【0026】
次に、本発明の更に具体的な実施例を説明する。
【0027】
[実施例1]
ホットプレス機の下型と上型との間に、厚さ8mmのPCの下板と、鹸化EVAを主要成分とする厚さ600μmのホットメルト型樹脂接着剤のフィルムと、厚さ75μmの2軸延伸されたPETの中間フィルムと、厚さ150μmの上記ホットメルト型樹脂接着剤のフィルムと、厚さ3mmのPMMAとを順次積み重ねてセットした。そして、下板を約100℃に加熱すると共に、上板を約110℃に加熱し、その熱でホットメルト型樹脂接着剤のフィルムを溶融させながらプレスして一体化したのち急冷して接着することにより、縦300mm、横300mmの透明な合成樹脂積層板を得た。
【0028】
この合成樹脂積層板について、中心線に沿った方向の反りを測定したところ、下記の表1に示すように反り率は0.33%であった。
【0029】
また、この合成樹脂積層板について、ヘイズメーターHGM−2DP(スガ試験機株式会社製)を用いて全光線透過率とヘイズ値を測定したところ、下記の表1に示すように、全光線透過率は87.6%、ヘイズ値は1.1%であった。
【0030】
更に、この合成樹脂積層板のPMMAの上板層を上側にして該積層板の両端をクランプし、重量が20.4kgfの錘を4mの高さから該積層板に落下させることにより、約0.8kJの衝撃エネルギーを与えて耐衝撃試験を行った。その結果は、下記の表1に示すように、○(合成樹脂積層板はPMMA上板には亀裂が発生するがPC下板には亀裂発生なし)であり、優れた耐衝撃強度(耐貫通性)を有していた。
【0031】
また、図3に示すように、合成樹脂積層板に上下から互い違いに鋸歯溝5a,5b(上面から下板層1に達する鋸歯溝5aと、下面から上板層2に達する鋸歯溝5b)を10mmの間隔をあけて形成し、この合成樹脂積層板を5mm/分の速度で両側へ引っ張って下板層1と上板層2を引き剥がすのに要する引張力を測定することにより、接着強度を調べた。その結果、下記の表1に示すように接着強度(引張力)は3.95MPaであった。
【0032】
[実施例2]
PCの下板とPETの中間フィルムとの間に介在させるホットメルト型樹脂接着剤のフィルムの厚さを150μmに変更し、PMMAの上板とPETの中間フィルムとの間に介在させるホットメルト型樹脂接着剤のフィルムの厚さ600μmに変更した以外は実施例1と同様にして、縦300mm、横300mmの透明な合成樹脂積層板を作製した。そして、この合成樹脂積層板について、実施例1と同様に反り率、全光線透過率、ヘイズ値、耐衝撃強度、接着強度を測定した。その結果を下記の表1に示す。
【0033】
[実施例3]
PETの中間フィルムの厚さを188μmに変更した以外は実施例1と同様にして、縦300mm、横300mmの透明な合成樹脂積層板を作製した。そして、この合成樹脂積層板について、実施例1と同様に反り率、全光線透過率、ヘイズ値、耐衝撃強度、接着強度を測定した。その結果を下記の表1に示す。
【0034】
[実施例4]
PCの下板とPETの中間フィルムとの間に介在させるホットメルト型樹脂接着剤のフィルムの厚さ、および、PMMAの上板とPETの中間フィルムとの間に介在させるホットメルト型樹脂接着剤のフィルムの厚さを、それぞれ100μmに変更した以外は実施例1と同様にして、縦300mm、横300mmの透明な合成樹脂積層板を作製した。そして、この合成樹脂積層板について、実施例1と同様に反り率、全光線透過率、ヘイズ値、耐衝撃強度、接着強度を測定した。その結果を下記の表1に示す。
【0035】
[実施例5]
ホットプレス機の下型と上型との間に、厚さ8mmのPCの下板と、厚さ100μmのホットメルト型樹脂接着剤のフィルムと、厚さ75μmのPETの中間フィルムと、厚さ100μmのホットメルト型樹脂接着剤のフィルムと、厚さ75μmのPETの中間フィルムと、厚さ100μmのホットメルト型樹脂接着剤のフィルムと、厚さ3mmのPMMAとを、この順に積み重ねてセットした以外は実施例1と同様にして、縦300mm、横300mmの透明な合成樹脂積層板を作製した。そして、この合成樹脂積層板について、実施例1と同様に反り率、全光線透過率、ヘイズ値、耐衝撃強度、接着強度を測定した。その結果を下記の表1に示す。
【0036】
[比較例1]
ホットプレス機の下型と上型との間に、厚さ8mmのPCの下板と、厚さ900μmのホットメルト型樹脂接着剤のフィルム(実施例1で使用したホットメルト型樹脂接着剤のフィルム)と、厚さ3mmのPMMAの上板とを順次積み重ねてセットした以外は実施例1と同様にして、縦300mm、横300mmの透明な合成樹脂積層板を作製した。そして、この合成樹脂積層板について、実施例1と同様に反り率、全光線透過率、ヘイズ値、耐衝撃強度、接着強度を測定した。その結果を下記の表1に示す。
【0037】
[比較例2]
ホットプレス機の下型と上型との間に、厚さ8mmのPCの下板と、厚さ750μmのポリウレタン系接着剤のフィルムと、厚さ3mmのPMMAの上板とを順次積み重ねてセットした以外は実施例1と同様にして、縦300mm、横300mmの透明な合成樹脂積層板を作製した。そして、この合成樹脂積層板について、実施例1と同様に耐衝撃強度と接着強度を測定した。その結果を下記の表1に示す。
【0038】
【表1】

Figure 0003777450
【0039】
この表1から、実施例1〜5の合成樹脂積層板および比較例1の合成樹脂積層板はいずれも、全光線透過率が87%〜88%の範囲内、ヘイズ値が0.7〜1.5%の範囲内にあり、透明性や透視性が良好である。特に、薄いホットメルト型樹脂接着剤のフィルムとPETの中間フィルムを併用して接着した実施例1〜5の合成樹脂積層板は、厚いホットメルト型樹脂接着剤のフィルムを単独使用して接着した比較例1の合成樹脂積層板よりも、ヘイズ値が小さく透視性に優れており、また、実施例1〜5の中では、188μmの厚手のPET中間フィルムを用いた実施例3の合成樹脂積層板よりも、75μmの薄手のPET中間フィルムを用いた実施例1,2,4,5の合成樹脂積層板の方がヘイズ値が小さい。このことから、透明性や透視性を向上させるためには、薄いホットメルト型樹脂接着剤のフィルムと、薄いPET中間フィルムを併用することが有利であると考えられる。
【0040】
また、実施例1〜5の合成樹脂積層板および比較例1の合成樹脂積層板はいずれも、PCの下板とPMMAの上板を異なる温度に加熱してプレスしているため反りや歪みが生じにくく、反り率が0〜0.33%と少ない。特に、PETの中間フィルムを2枚使用した実施例5の合成樹脂積層板は、反り率が0%であり、このことから、PETの中間フィルムの積層枚数を増やすと反り防止や歪み防止に有利であると考えられる。
【0041】
また、厚いホットメルト型樹脂接着剤のフィルムを単独使用して接着した比較例1の合成樹脂積層板は、耐衝撃強度が充分でなく、落下させた錘の衝撃力でPCの下板層に亀裂が発生したのに対し、ホットメルト型接着剤とPETの中間フィルムを併用した実施例1〜5の合成樹脂積層板はいずれも、ポリウレタン系接着剤のフィルムを単独使用した比較例2の合成樹脂積層板と同程度の耐衝撃強度を有するため、PCの下板層に亀裂が発生せず、単に変形するだけであった。このことから、PETの中間フィルムの併用は、耐衝撃性の向上に極めて有効であることが判る。
【0042】
更に、ホットメルト型樹脂接着剤のフィルムと1枚のPETの中間フィルムを併用して接着した実施例1〜4の合成樹脂積層板は、ホットメルト型樹脂接着剤のフィルムを単独使用して接着した比較例1の合成樹脂積層板よりも接着強度が大きく、従来のポリウレタン系接着剤のフィルムを単独使用した比較例2の合成樹脂積層板と同程度もしくはそれ以上の大きい接着強度を有し、特に、薄手(100μm)の接着剤フィルムと薄手(75μm)のPET中間フィルムを併用した実施例4の合成樹脂積層板や、薄手の接着剤フィルムと薄手のPET中間フィルムを多層に設けた実施例5の合成樹脂積層板は、接着強度が顕著に向上している。これらのことから、接着強度を高めるためには、PET中間フィルムをホットメルト型樹脂接着剤フィルムと併用することが有効であり、特に、薄手のPET中間フィルムと薄手の接着剤フィルムを併用する場合は一層有効であり、両フィルムを多層に積層する場合は極めて有効であることが判る。
【0043】
【発明の効果】
以上の説明から明らかなように、本発明の合成樹脂積層板は、従来のポリウレタン系接着剤を使用した合成樹脂積層板と同等の耐衝撃強度や接着強度を有し、透明性が良好で耐貫通性能が高い安全性に優れた積層板であり、耐擦傷性や耐油性も良好で、高価なポリウレタン系接着剤を使用した合成樹脂積層板よりも安価に製造できる、といった効果を奏する。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明の一実施形態に係る合成樹脂積層板の断面図である。
【図2】本発明の他の実施形態に係る合成樹脂積層板の断面図である。
【図3】本発明の合成樹脂積層板について行った接着強度試験の説明図である。
【符号の説明】
1 ポリカーボネート樹脂の下板層
2 アクリル樹脂の上板層
3 熱可塑性樹脂の中間フィルム層
4 ホットメルト型の樹脂接着剤層[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a transparent synthetic resin laminate used mainly as a safety cover material for machine tools and the like.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, as a safety cover material for a machine tool or the like, a transparent synthetic resin laminated plate in which a polycarbonate resin plate and an acrylic resin plate are bonded together with a thermoplastic polyurethane adhesive is known.
[0003]
This synthetic resin laminated board is a highly safe composite board that has high adhesive strength between polycarbonate resin board and acrylic resin board, good impact strength and other physical properties, and combines the advantages of both resin boards. .
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, the above-mentioned synthetic resin laminate has a problem that the manufacturing cost is high because the polyurethane adhesive used is expensive. However, if other adhesives that can be obtained at a relatively low cost are used to reduce costs, a synthetic resin having the same adhesive strength and impact strength as the synthetic resin laminate using the polyurethane-based adhesive described above. It becomes difficult to obtain a laminated board.
[0005]
The present invention has been made to cope with such a situation, and its purpose is to have adhesive strength equivalent to that of a synthetic resin laminate using a polyurethane-based adhesive, impact strength, and other physical properties, An object of the present invention is to provide a transparent synthetic resin laminate that can reduce the manufacturing cost.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, a synthetic resin laminate according to claim 1 of the present invention comprises a polycarbonate resin lower plate layer, a biaxially stretched polyethylene terephthalate intermediate film layer, and a cast type acrylic resin upper plate. The layer is integrally formed through a hot melt type resin adhesive layer mainly composed of a saponified ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer containing 5 to 30% by weight of vinyl acetate and 5 to 30% by weight of vinyl alcohol. It is characterized by being bonded.
[0007]
Ethylene - vinyl acetate copolymer and saponified ethylene - hot melt type resin adhesive to a vinyl acetate copolymer as a main component, good adhesion for having a functional group such as a carboxyl group or a hydroxyl group in the polymer molecule However, if the polycarbonate resin lower plate layer and the acrylic resin upper plate layer are bonded together with only this adhesive, the impact strength is insufficient and cracking is likely to occur as shown in the experimental data described below. It is difficult to obtain a synthetic resin laminate having impact resistance strength equivalent to that of the synthetic resin laminate bonded using the polyurethane-based adhesive. However, as in the present invention, a biaxially stretched polyethylene terephthalate intermediate film layer is provided between the lower plate layer and the upper plate layer, and these are made up of 5 to 30 wt% vinyl acetate and 5 to 30 wt% vinyl alcohol. When bonded together via a hot-melt resin adhesive containing a saponified ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer containing as a main component, the impact strength is improved as shown in the experimental data described later, and the aforementioned polyurethane-based adhesion is achieved. A highly safe synthetic resin laminate having adhesive strength and impact strength equivalent to those of a synthetic resin laminate using an agent is obtained. In addition, the above hot-melt type resin adhesive can be obtained at a relatively low cost compared to the above-mentioned polyurethane-based adhesive, and the intermediate film of the thermoplastic resin is also inexpensive. Manufacturing cost can be reduced.
[0008]
Next, the synthetic resin laminate according to claim 2 of the present invention is the synthetic resin laminate of claim 1, wherein the intermediate film layer is provided with a plurality of layers through the resin adhesive layer. It is what.
[0009]
Such a synthetic resin laminate also has the same adhesive strength and impact strength as the synthetic resin laminate using the polyurethane-based adhesive described above, and the manufacturing cost can be reduced.
[0010]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
[0011]
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a synthetic resin laminate according to an embodiment of the present invention.
[0012]
This synthetic resin laminate is composed of a transparent polycarbonate resin lower plate layer 1, a transparent thermoplastic resin intermediate film layer 3, and a transparent acrylic resin upper plate layer 2. It is a transparent laminated plate bonded together through the agent layers 4 and 4.
[0013]
The lower layer 1 of the polycarbonate resin plays a role of ensuring the safety by enhancing the penetration resistance of the synthetic resin laminate by the excellent impact resistance inherent in the polycarbonate resin. For example, a safety cover for machine tools, etc. In the case of a synthetic resin laminate used as a material, a thick polycarbonate resin plate having a thickness of at least 5 mm, preferably about 6 to 10 mm is used as the lower plate layer 1.
[0014]
On the other hand, the upper plate layer 2 of the acrylic resin serves to improve the scratch resistance of the upper surface of the synthetic resin laminate due to the inherently high surface hardness of the acrylic resin. For example, a polymethyl methacrylate plate having a thickness of less than 5 mm, preferably about 2 to 4 mm is used. In particular, when a cast type polymethylmethacrylate plate having good oil resistance is used, the oil resistance of the upper surface of the synthetic resin laminate can be improved.
[0015]
The thermoplastic resin intermediate film layer 3 increases the impact strength of the synthetic resin laminate, and the acrylic resin upper plate layer 2 and polycarbonate resin when subjected to impact force from the outside (particularly from the upper plate layer 2). It serves to prevent the lower plate layer 1 from cracking or cracking. For example, polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polycarbonate (PC), polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), etc. A film is used. As the PET film, a stretched PET film or an amorphous PET film (10 to 70% of the ethylene glycol component of PET is substituted with cyclohexanedimethanol) is preferably used. Particularly preferred is a biaxially stretched PET film.
[0016]
The thickness of the intermediate film layer 3 is preferably about 50 to 200 μm. When the thickness is less than 50 μm, it is difficult to sufficiently increase the impact strength of the synthetic resin laminate, and when the thickness is greater than 200 μm, the PET film When the intermediate film layer 3 is formed of a relatively strong film such as the above, it is difficult to sufficiently increase the impact strength. The more preferable thickness of the intermediate film layer 3 is 70 to 150 μm, and the impact resistance strength is improved by making it multi-layered.
[0017]
The hot melt type resin adhesive layer 4 is mainly composed of an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer and / or a saponified ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, and the former ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer ( (Hereinafter referred to as EVA) has a carboxyl group as a functional group, and the latter saponified ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (hereinafter referred to as saponified EVA) has a carboxyl group and a hydroxyl group as functional groups. Excellent adhesion. The former EVA preferably contains 10 to 40% by weight of vinyl acetate, and the latter EVA preferably contains 5 to 30% by weight of vinyl acetate and 5 to 30% by weight of vinyl alcohol.
[0018]
This hot melt resin adhesive may be further mixed with a modifier or a tackifier as necessary. As the modifier, a graft copolymer of a methacrylic ester-unsaturated carboxylic acid copolymer component and an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer component or a saponified copolymer thereof is used. It is appropriate to mix about 50% by weight. Further, as the tackifier, aliphatic hydrocarbon resins, alicyclic hydrocarbon resins, aromatic hydrocarbon resins, polyterpene resins, rosins and the like are used, and these tackifiers are 5 to 30. It is appropriate to mix by weight percent.
[0019]
The thickness of the hot-melt type resin adhesive layer 4 is preferably about 50 to 750 μm. If the thickness is less than 50 μm, the adhesive strength may be lowered. The improvement is not seen, and the adhesive is wasted. A more preferable thickness of the hot melt resin adhesive layer 4 is about 80 to 250 μm.
[0020]
The synthetic resin laminate having such a configuration is easily manufactured by, for example, the following method. That is, between a lower mold and an upper mold of a hot press machine, a polycarbonate resin lower plate, a hot melt resin adhesive film, a thermoplastic resin intermediate film, and a hot melt resin adhesive film By sequentially stacking and setting the upper plate of the acrylic resin, the lower plate is heated to 90 to 140 ° C., the upper plate is heated to 70 to 110 ° C., and the resin adhesive film is melted and pressed by the heat. Can be manufactured easily. Thus, when the heating temperature of the lower plate and the upper plate is adjusted and pressed, there is an advantage that a synthetic resin laminated plate excellent in flatness with very little warpage and distortion can be produced.
[0021]
The above synthetic resin laminate is a highly transparent composite board having excellent physical properties of the lower layer 1 of the polycarbonate resin and the upper layer 2 of the acrylic resin, and has high penetration resistance and safety. In addition, scratch resistance and oil resistance are good. Moreover, this synthetic wood laminate is provided with an intermediate film layer 3 of thermoplastic resin between the lower plate layer 1 of the polycarbonate resin and the upper plate layer 2 of the acrylic resin, and is bonded with the aforementioned EVA or saponified EVA as a main component. Since the lower plate layer 1, the intermediate film layer 3 and the upper plate layer 2 are bonded and integrated through the hot melt type resin adhesive layer 4 having excellent properties, the lower plate layer 1 and the upper plate layer 2 are integrated. Is significantly improved in impact strength compared to the case where the resin adhesive layer 4 is bonded and integrated, and has the same impact strength and adhesive strength as a synthetic resin laminate using a conventional polyurethane adhesive. It will be a thing. In addition, hot melt type resin adhesives mainly composed of EVA and saponified EVA can be obtained at a considerably lower price than conventional polyurethane adhesives, and the intermediate film of thermoplastic resin is also inexpensive. The synthetic resin laminate can reduce the manufacturing cost.
[0022]
FIG. 2 is a sectional view of a synthetic resin laminate according to another embodiment of the present invention.
[0023]
In this synthetic resin laminate, two intermediate film layers 3 of a thermoplastic resin are provided between a lower plate layer 1 of a polycarbonate resin and an upper plate layer 2 of an acrylic resin, and these are provided with a hot melt type resin adhesive layer 4. Are integrally bonded via The lower plate layer 1, the upper plate layer 2, the intermediate film layer 3, and the resin adhesive layer 4 are the same as those used in the synthetic resin laminate of FIG.
[0024]
Such a synthetic resin laminate also has excellent physical properties similar to those of the synthetic resin laminate of FIG. 1, and has adhesive strength and impact resistance comparable to those of a synthetic resin laminate using a conventional polyurethane adhesive.
[0025]
In addition, although the synthetic resin laminated board shown in FIG. 2 provides two intermediate film layers 3, you may provide three or more layers depending on the case.
[0026]
Next, more specific examples of the present invention will be described.
[0027]
[Example 1]
Between a lower mold and an upper mold of a hot press machine, a lower plate of PC having a thickness of 8 mm, a film of hot melt type resin adhesive having a thickness of 600 μm mainly composed of saponified EVA, and a thickness of 2 of 75 μm. An axially stretched PET intermediate film, a 150 μm thick hot melt resin adhesive film, and a 3 mm thick PMMA were sequentially stacked and set. Then, the lower plate is heated to about 100 ° C., and the upper plate is heated to about 110 ° C. The hot melt resin adhesive film is melted to be pressed and integrated, and then rapidly cooled and bonded. Thus, a transparent synthetic resin laminate having a length of 300 mm and a width of 300 mm was obtained.
[0028]
When the warpage in the direction along the center line was measured for this synthetic resin laminate, the warpage rate was 0.33% as shown in Table 1 below.
[0029]
Moreover, about this synthetic resin laminated board, when the total light transmittance and haze value were measured using the haze meter HGM-2DP (made by Suga Test Instruments Co., Ltd.), as shown in Table 1 below, the total light transmittance was measured. Was 87.6% and haze value was 1.1%.
[0030]
Further, by clamping the both ends of the laminated plate with the upper plate layer of the synthetic resin laminated plate on the upper side and dropping a weight having a weight of 20.4 kgf from the height of 4 m to the laminated plate, about 0 An impact resistance test was performed with an impact energy of .8 kJ. As a result, as shown in Table 1 below, ○ (synthetic resin laminate has cracks in the PMMA upper plate but no cracks in the PC lower plate) and has excellent impact resistance (penetration resistance). ).
[0031]
Further, as shown in FIG. 3, sawtooth grooves 5 a and 5 b (a sawtooth groove 5 a reaching the lower plate layer 1 from the upper surface and a sawtooth groove 5 b reaching the upper plate layer 2 from the lower surface) are alternately formed on the synthetic resin laminate from above and below. Adhesive strength is obtained by measuring the tensile force required to peel off the lower plate layer 1 and the upper plate layer 2 by forming the synthetic resin laminated plate at an interval of 10 mm and pulling the synthetic resin laminated plate to both sides at a speed of 5 mm / min. I investigated. As a result, as shown in Table 1 below, the adhesive strength (tensile force) was 3.95 MPa.
[0032]
[Example 2]
The hot melt type resin adhesive film interposed between the lower plate of PC and the intermediate film of PET is changed to 150 μm, and the hot melt type is interposed between the upper plate of PMMA and the intermediate film of PET. A transparent synthetic resin laminate having a length of 300 mm and a width of 300 mm was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the thickness of the resin adhesive film was changed to 600 μm. And about this synthetic resin laminated board, the curvature rate, the total light transmittance, the haze value, the impact strength, and the adhesive strength were measured similarly to Example 1. The results are shown in Table 1 below.
[0033]
[Example 3]
A transparent synthetic resin laminate having a length of 300 mm and a width of 300 mm was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the thickness of the PET intermediate film was changed to 188 μm. And about this synthetic resin laminated board, the curvature rate, the total light transmittance, the haze value, the impact strength, and the adhesive strength were measured similarly to Example 1. The results are shown in Table 1 below.
[0034]
[Example 4]
Hot melt type resin adhesive film thickness interposed between PC lower plate and PET intermediate film, and hot melt type resin adhesive interposed between PMMA upper plate and PET intermediate film A transparent synthetic resin laminate having a length of 300 mm and a width of 300 mm was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the thickness of each film was changed to 100 μm. And about this synthetic resin laminated board, the curvature rate, the total light transmittance, the haze value, the impact strength, and the adhesive strength were measured similarly to Example 1. The results are shown in Table 1 below.
[0035]
[Example 5]
Between a lower mold and an upper mold of a hot press machine, a PC lower plate having a thickness of 8 mm, a hot melt resin adhesive film having a thickness of 100 μm, an intermediate film of PET having a thickness of 75 μm, and a thickness A 100 μm hot melt resin adhesive film, a 75 μm thick PET intermediate film, a 100 μm thick hot melt resin adhesive film, and a 3 mm thick PMMA were stacked and set in this order. Except that, a transparent synthetic resin laminate having a length of 300 mm and a width of 300 mm was produced in the same manner as in Example 1. And about this synthetic resin laminated board, the curvature rate, the total light transmittance, the haze value, the impact strength, and the adhesive strength were measured similarly to Example 1. The results are shown in Table 1 below.
[0036]
[Comparative Example 1]
Between a lower mold and an upper mold of a hot press machine, a lower plate of PC having a thickness of 8 mm and a film of hot melt type resin adhesive having a thickness of 900 μm (of the hot melt type resin adhesive used in Example 1) A transparent synthetic resin laminate having a length of 300 mm and a width of 300 mm was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that a film) and an upper plate of PMMA having a thickness of 3 mm were sequentially stacked and set. And about this synthetic resin laminated board, the curvature rate, the total light transmittance, the haze value, the impact strength, and the adhesive strength were measured similarly to Example 1. The results are shown in Table 1 below.
[0037]
[Comparative Example 2]
Between the lower mold and the upper mold of the hot press machine, the lower plate of 8 mm thick, the polyurethane adhesive film of 750 μm thick, and the upper plate of 3 mm thick PMMA are stacked in order. A transparent synthetic resin laminate having a length of 300 mm and a width of 300 mm was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that. And about this synthetic resin laminated board, it carried out similarly to Example 1, and measured impact strength and adhesive strength. The results are shown in Table 1 below.
[0038]
[Table 1]
Figure 0003777450
[0039]
From Table 1, the synthetic resin laminates of Examples 1 to 5 and the synthetic resin laminate of Comparative Example 1 both have a total light transmittance of 87% to 88% and a haze value of 0.7 to 1. Within the range of 5%, transparency and transparency are good. In particular, the synthetic resin laminates of Examples 1 to 5 bonded together using a thin hot-melt resin adhesive film and a PET intermediate film were bonded using a thick hot-melt resin adhesive film alone. Compared to the synthetic resin laminate of Comparative Example 1, the haze value is small and the transparency is excellent. In Examples 1 to 5, the synthetic resin laminate of Example 3 using a thick 188 μm PET intermediate film The synthetic resin laminates of Examples 1, 2, 4 and 5 using a thin 75 μm PET intermediate film have a smaller haze value than the plate. From this, in order to improve transparency and transparency, it is considered advantageous to use a thin hot-melt resin adhesive film in combination with a thin PET intermediate film.
[0040]
Moreover, since the synthetic resin laminated board of Examples 1-5 and the synthetic resin laminated board of the comparative example 1 are heating and pressing the lower board of PC and the upper board of PMMA at different temperature, curvature and distortion are carried out. It is difficult to occur and the warpage rate is as low as 0 to 0.33%. In particular, the synthetic resin laminate of Example 5 using two intermediate films of PET has a warpage rate of 0%. Therefore, increasing the number of laminated intermediate films of PET is advantageous for preventing warpage and preventing distortion. It is thought that.
[0041]
In addition, the synthetic resin laminate of Comparative Example 1 adhered by using a thick hot-melt resin adhesive film alone does not have sufficient impact resistance strength, and is applied to the lower plate layer of the PC by the impact force of the dropped weight. The synthetic resin laminates of Examples 1 to 5 which used a hot melt adhesive and a PET intermediate film in combination with the occurrence of cracks were all synthesized in Comparative Example 2 using a polyurethane adhesive film alone. Since it has the same impact resistance strength as that of the resin laminate, the lower plate layer of the PC was not cracked and merely deformed. This shows that the combined use of the PET intermediate film is extremely effective in improving the impact resistance.
[0042]
Furthermore, the synthetic resin laminates of Examples 1 to 4 bonded together using a hot melt resin adhesive film and a single PET intermediate film were bonded using a hot melt resin adhesive film alone. The adhesive strength is greater than that of the synthetic resin laminate of Comparative Example 1, and has a strength equal to or greater than that of the synthetic resin laminate of Comparative Example 2 using a conventional polyurethane adhesive film alone, In particular, the synthetic resin laminate of Example 4 in which a thin (100 μm) adhesive film and a thin (75 μm) PET intermediate film are used together, or an example in which a thin adhesive film and a thin PET intermediate film are provided in multiple layers The synthetic resin laminate of No. 5 has significantly improved adhesive strength. For these reasons, in order to increase the adhesive strength, it is effective to use a PET intermediate film in combination with a hot-melt resin adhesive film, especially when a thin PET intermediate film and a thin adhesive film are used in combination. Is more effective, and is found to be extremely effective when both films are laminated in multiple layers.
[0043]
【The invention's effect】
As is clear from the above description, the synthetic resin laminate of the present invention has impact resistance and adhesive strength equivalent to those of conventional synthetic resin laminates using polyurethane adhesive, and has good transparency and resistance. It is a laminated board with high penetration performance, excellent safety, good scratch resistance and oil resistance, and can be produced at a lower cost than a synthetic resin laminated board using an expensive polyurethane adhesive.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a synthetic resin laminate according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a synthetic resin laminate according to another embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of an adhesive strength test performed on the synthetic resin laminate of the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 Lower layer of polycarbonate resin 2 Upper layer of acrylic resin 3 Intermediate film layer of thermoplastic resin 4 Hot melt type resin adhesive layer

Claims (2)

ポリカーボネート樹脂の下板層と、2軸延伸されたポリエチレンテレフタレートの中間フィルム層と、キャストタイプのアクリル樹脂の上板層とが、酢酸ビニルを5〜30重量%、ビニルアルコールを5〜30重量%含む鹸化したエチレン−酢酸ビニル共重合体を主要成分とするホットメルト型の樹脂接着剤層を介して、一体に接着されていることを特徴とする透明な合成樹脂積層板。Polycarbonate resin lower plate layer, biaxially stretched polyethylene terephthalate intermediate film layer, cast type acrylic resin upper plate layer is 5-30 wt% vinyl acetate and 5-30 wt% vinyl alcohol. A transparent synthetic resin laminate, which is bonded together through a hot-melt type resin adhesive layer containing a saponified ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer as a main component. 上記中間フィルム層が上記樹脂接着剤層を介して複数層設けられている請求項1に記載の合成樹脂積層板。  The synthetic resin laminate according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of the intermediate film layers are provided via the resin adhesive layer.
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