JP3774247B2 - Method for producing electrophotographic photosensitive member - Google Patents

Method for producing electrophotographic photosensitive member Download PDF

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Publication number
JP3774247B2
JP3774247B2 JP11647095A JP11647095A JP3774247B2 JP 3774247 B2 JP3774247 B2 JP 3774247B2 JP 11647095 A JP11647095 A JP 11647095A JP 11647095 A JP11647095 A JP 11647095A JP 3774247 B2 JP3774247 B2 JP 3774247B2
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Japan
Prior art keywords
coating
cylindrical substrate
electrophotographic photosensitive
photosensitive member
coating solution
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JP11647095A
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JPH08305050A (en
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正行 菅沼
暎二 田原
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Mitsubishi Chemical Corp
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Mitsubishi Chemical Corp
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Description

【0001】
【産業上の利用分野】
本発明は、電子写真感光体の製造方法に関するものであり、詳しくは、浸漬塗布法によって感光塗膜を形成する電子写真感光体の製造方法であって、円筒状基体の端部における塗布液の厚さムラを除去することにより、搬送ラインのパレットの汚れを防止する様にした電子写真感光体の製造方法に関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
電子写真感光体は、円筒状基体の表面に感光体材料の塗布液を塗布して製造される。塗布液の塗布方法としては、塗布液が収容された浸漬槽中に円筒状基体を垂直に降下させて浸漬した後、円筒状基体を垂直に引き上げる浸漬塗布法が好適に採用される。また、塗布液が塗布された円筒状基体は、搬送ラインのパレットに搭載されて乾燥工程へ送られる。
【0003】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
ところで、感光体材料の塗布液は比較的高粘度であり、塗布液から引き上げた円筒状基体の下端縁には表面張力によって塗布液が厚く付着する。円筒状基体の一端縁に生じた塗布液の僅かな厚さムラは、感光性能に直接の影響を与えるものではないが、円筒状基体をパレットに搭載した際、未乾燥の塗布液が付着して当該パレットを汚すという問題がある。そして、パレットに付着した塗布液が剥離して汚染源となる怖れがある。
【0004】
本発明は、上記の実情に鑑みてなされたものであり、その目的は、浸漬塗布法によって感光塗膜を形成する電子写真感光体の製造方法であって、搬送ラインのパレットの汚れを防止することが出来る電子写真感光体の製造方法を提供することにある。
【0005】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明者等は、上記の目的を達成すべく鋭意検討を重ねた結果、円筒状基体の端部における塗布液の厚さムラを塗布後に除去することにより、感光塗膜の均一な形成を可能にし、かつ、搬送ラインにおけるパレットの塗布液による汚れを効果的に防止し得るとの知見を得た。
【0006】
本発明は、上記の知見に基づいて完成されたものであり、その要旨は、浸漬塗布法により円筒状基体の表面に感光体材料の塗布液を塗布して感光塗膜を形成する電子写真感光体の製造方法において、塗布液を塗布した後、乾燥前に円筒状基体を垂直に下降させてその下端縁を拭き取り材に接触させることを特徴とする電子写真感光体の製造方法に存する。
【0007】
以下、本発明を図面を参照して詳細に説明する。図1は、浸漬塗布法を実施するための浸漬装置および円筒状基体端部の拭き取り処理を実施するための拭き取り材の一例を示す説明図であり、図2は、円筒状基体を保持するチャック装置の一例を示す説明図である。
【0008】
本発明において、円筒状基体は、従来公知の各種のものを使用することが出来る。例えば、アルミニウム、黄銅、ステンレス等の金属材料、ポリエチレンテレフタレート、ポリブチレンテレフタレート、ポリプロピレン、ナイロン、ポリスチレン、フエノール樹脂などの高分子材料、または、硬質紙などのその他の材料を円筒状に成形して使用することが出来る。絶縁体材料の場合は、導電処理する必要があるが、当該処理法としては、導電物質の含浸、金属箔の積層、金属の蒸着などの方法が挙げられる。また、通常、円筒状基体の外径は2〜20cm、長さは30〜100cmの範囲である。
【0009】
塗布液は、感光体材料と1種以上の溶媒から成る従来公知の各種のものを使用することが出来る。例えば、電荷発生物質としては、スーダンレッド、ダイアンブルー、ジエナスグリーンB等のアゾ顔料、ジスアゾ顔料、アルゴールイエロー、ピレンキノン等のキノン顔料、キノシアニン顔料、ペリレン顔料、インジゴ顔料、インドフアーストオレンジトナー等のビスベンゾイミダゾール顔料、銅フタロシアニン等のフタロシアニン顔料、キナクリドン顔料、ピリリウム塩、アズレニウム塩が挙げられる。
【0010】
電荷輸送物質としては、主鎖または側鎖にアントラセン、ピレン、フエナントレン、コロネン等の多芳香族化合物またはインドール、カルバゾール、オキサゾール、イソオキサゾール、チアゾール、イミダゾール、ピラゾール、オキサジアゾール、ピラゾリン、チアジアゾール、トリアゾール等の含窒素環式化合物の骨格を有する化合物、その他、ヒドラゾン化合物など正孔輸送物質が挙げられる。
【0011】
感光塗膜を形成するための結着剤樹脂としては、ポリカーボネート、ポリアリレート、ポリスチレン、ポリメタクリル酸エステル類、スチレン−メタクリル酸メチルコポリマー、ポリエステル、スチレン−アクリロニトリルコポリマー、ポリサルホン等、ポリ酢酸ビニル、ポリアクリロニトリル、ポリビニルブチラール、ポリビニルピロリドン、メチルセルロース、ヒドロキシメチルセルロース、セルロースエステル類などが挙げられる。
【0012】
塗布溶媒としては、揮発性が高く且つその蒸気の密度が空気よりも大きい溶剤が好適に用いられる。例えば、n−ブチルアミン、ジエチルアミン、エチレンジアミン、イソプロパノールアミン、トリエタノールアミン、N,N−ジメチルホルムアミド、アセトン、メチルエチルケトン、シクロヘキサノン、ベンゼン、4−メトキシ−4−メチルペンタノン−2、ジメトキシメタン、ジメトキシエタン、2,4−ペンタジオン、アニソール、3−オキソブタン酸メチル、モノクロルベンゼン、トルエン、キシレン、クロロホルム、1,2−ジクロロエタン、ジクロロメタン、テトラヒドロフラン、ジオキサン、メタノール、エタノール、イソプロパノール、酢酸エチル、酢酸ブチル、ジメチルスルホキシド、メチルセルソルブ、エチルセルソルブ、メチルセルソルブアセテート等が挙げられる。
【0013】
単層型電子写真感光体を製造する場合の感光体材料の塗布液は、前記の電荷発生物質、電荷輸送物質、結着剤樹脂および塗布溶媒を混合して調製される。また、積層型電子写真感光体を製造する場合の感光体材料の塗布液は、前記の電荷発生物質、結着剤樹脂および塗布溶媒からなる電荷発生層用の塗布液と、前記の電荷輸送物質、結着剤樹脂および塗布溶媒からなる電荷輸送層用の塗布液とを別々に調製する。
【0014】
塗布液中の各成分の濃度は、公知の方法に従って適宜選択される。そして、固形分の濃度は、主として、形成すべき層の膜厚に応じて決定されるが、単層型電子写真感光体を製造する際の塗布液の場合および積層型電子写真感光体を製造する際の電荷輸送層用の塗布液の場合には、40重量%以下、好ましくは10〜35重量%以下に調整される。また、これらの塗布液の場合、その粘度は50〜300cps、好ましくは70〜250cps、そして、乾燥膜厚は15〜40μmとするのがよい。
【0015】
ところで、浸漬塗布から乾燥に至る工程において、円筒状基体の保持および移動は、例えば、図2に示す様なチャック装置を使用して行われる。図示したチャック装置(2)は、昇降可能かつ水平移動可能に構成された水平アーム(20)と、当該水平アームに垂直に吊持され且つ円筒状基体(1)の筒内に挿入される挿入軸(21)と、当該挿入軸の外周面に設けられた風船体(22)とから成る。
【0016】
風船体(22)は、円筒状基体(1)を垂直かつ一層安定に保持するため、通常、挿入軸(21)に対して2箇所に設けられる。これらの風船体(22)は、挿入軸(21)の内部に形成された流路を通じて供給される加圧空気などの流体によって膨張させられることにより、円筒状基体(1)をその筒内から保持する。そして、水平アーム(20)の作動により、風船体(2)にて保持された円筒状基体(1)が昇降または横移動させられる。チャック装置(2)としては、図2に示す所謂エア・ピッカー方式の装置の他、円筒状基体の筒内に挿入される挿入軸の周囲に拡縮可能なフィンガーを設けた構造のもの等、各種の構造の装置を採用し得る。
【0017】
浸漬塗布は、例えば、図1に示す様な浸漬装置を使用して行う。図示した浸漬装置(3)は、塗布液が貯溜され且つ円筒状基体(1)が浸漬される浸漬槽(30)と、塗布液の循環機構とから主として構成される。浸漬槽(30)に貯溜される塗布液は、塗布液供給口(31)から供給されて浸漬槽(30)の上部からオーバーフローする。受けトイ(32)にオーバーフローした塗布液は、塗布液タンク(33)に送られて攪拌された後、供給ポンプ(34)を介して再び供給される。符号(35)は、塗布液面での溶媒の蒸発防止のため、浸漬槽(30)および受けトイ(32)の上に必要に応じて設けられたフードを示す。
【0018】
浸漬塗布は、オーバーフローによって塗布液の液面が一定に維持された浸漬槽(30)中に、円筒状基体(1)を垂直に降下させて浸漬し、次いで、円筒状基体(1)を垂直に上昇させて引き上げることにより行う。その際、円筒状基体(1)の下降および上昇速度を制御することにより、円筒状基体(1)の周りの塗布液面の振動を防止し、塗布欠陥(流れムラ)を防止することが出来る。なお、円筒状基体(1)の昇降は上記チャック装置(2)を使用して行う。積層型電子写真感光体を製造する場合、上記の浸漬塗布は、電荷発生層用の塗布液の塗布と、電荷輸送層用の塗布液の塗布とについてそれぞれに実施される。
【0019】
本発明においては、図1に示す様に、円筒状基体(1)の表面に塗布液を塗布した後、乾燥前に円筒状基体(1)の下端を拭き取り材(4)に接触させることが重要である。上記の操作では、通常、チャック装置(2)に保持された円筒状基体(1)を垂直に下降させ、適宜の基台(40)上に配置された拭き取り材(4)に接触させる。これにより、塗布液から引き上げた円筒状基体(1)の下端縁に表面張力によって厚く付着した塗布液を拭き取り材(4)に吸収させることが出来る。その結果、円筒状基体(1)の下端部の塗布液の厚さムラを解消することが出来、その後の乾燥によって円筒状基体(1)の表面全体に均一厚さの塗膜を形成することが出来る。しかも、パレットに搭載した場合にも当該パレットを汚すことがなく、そして、搬送ラインにおける清浄度を保つことが出来る。
【0020】
上記の拭き取り材(4)としては、合成樹脂繊維からなる不織布であって、少なくともその表面部分の繊維同士を熱融着したものを使用するのが好ましい。不織布を構成する繊維としては、ナイロン−6やナイロン−6,6等のポリアミド、ポリエステル、アイソタクチックポリプロピレン、および、ポリエチレンが挙げられ、特にナイロンが好ましい。また、不織布の繊維同士を融着させるには、熱風炉や適宜の加熱ヒーターを備えた所謂オーブン等の非接触方式の加熱手段が使用される。斯かる加熱手段においては、不織布を構成する各繊維の全体を溶かすことなく、その表面のみを溶かす程度の温度で加熱される。各繊維の表面のみを溶かす程度の温度とは、繊維の太さや処理時間によっても幾分相違するが、例えば、繊維の溶融温度よりも約10°高い温度である。
【0021】
上記の様な融着処理された塊状の不織布においては、その表面部分から繊維が離脱することがないため、円筒状基体(1)を接触させた際、塗布液が乾燥していない基体表面に異物としての繊維が付着することがなく、当該円筒状基体の汚染防止に有効である。従って、拭き取り材(4)としての不織布においては、内部の繊維同士が融着していてもよいのは勿論であるが、少なくともその表面部分の繊維同士が融着している必要がある。
【0022】
上記の拭き取り処理の後は、図示しないが、チャック装置(2)にて保持した円筒状基体(1)を搬送ラインのパレットに移載して乾燥工程へ送り、円筒状基体(1)の外周面を乾燥させて当該外周面に感光塗膜を形成する。乾燥方法は、従来公知の昇温乾燥法または自然乾燥法によって行う。昇温乾燥法は、空気対流式乾燥装置(熱風式乾燥装置)を使用し、円筒状基体(1)の温度を所定の温度まで昇温して塗布液の乾燥を行う乾燥法である。昇温乾燥法では、いわゆる泡欠陥の発生を防止するため、昇温速度などが制御される。また、自然乾燥法は、カバーでシールされた空間内に円筒状基体(1)を静止させて自然乾燥する方法である。自然乾燥法では、乾燥速度を調整して厚さムラの発生を防止するため、シールド空間内の溶媒蒸気の濃度が制御される。
【0023】
【実施例】
以下に実施例および比較例によって本発明を更に詳細に説明するが、本発明は、その要旨を超えない限り、以下の実施例に限定されるものではない。
【0024】
実施例1
本実施例においては、円筒状基体(1)として、外径100mm、長さ340mm、肉厚1.5mmのアルミニウム管を使用し、図1に示す浸漬装置(3)を使用して浸漬塗布を実施した。浸漬槽(2)の内径は160mmである。電荷発生層塗布液は、アゾ顔料(電荷発生物質)100重量部、ポリビニルブチラール樹脂(バインダー)100重量部、溶媒(ジメトキシエタン/ペントキソン=9/1重量比)4800重量部によって調製した(固形分濃度4重量%)。
【0025】
円筒状基体(1)は浸漬槽(2)に1500mm/分の速度で降下させた。円筒状基体(1)をその上端部近傍まで浸漬させた後、次に、500mm/分の速度で引き上げた。引き上げた円筒状基体(1)を水平移動させて直ちに降下させ、その下端を接触材(41)に約5分間接触させることにより、円筒状基体(1)の下端縁に付着した塗布を吸収した。接触材(41)としては、平均糸径が80ミクロンのナイロン繊維からなり且つ表面部分の繊維同士が熱融着された不織布を使用した。
【0026】
次いで、円筒状基体(1)をアルミニウム製のパレットに搭載して熱風式乾燥装置に導入し、円筒状基体(1)の表面を乾燥させ、乾燥膜厚として0.4ミクロンの電荷発生層を形成した。得られた電荷発生層を観察した結果、円筒状基体(1)端部の厚さムラはなく、全体に均一の塗膜を形成することが出来た。また、パレット表面の塗布液による汚れは見られなかった。
【0027】
次に、上記の様にして設けられた電荷発生層の上に上述と同じ方法で電荷輸送層を設けて電子写真感光体のドラムを得た。電荷輸送層用塗布液は、ヒドラゾン化合物(電荷輸送物質)100重量部、ポリカーボネート樹脂(バインダー)100重量部、溶媒(1,4−ジオキサン/テトラヒドロフラン=4/6重量比)467重量部によって調製した(固形分濃度30重量%)。得られたドラムにおいては、塗布欠陥がなく且つ端部に厚さムラのない均一な塗膜が形成された。また、パレット表面の塗布液による汚れも見られなかった。
【0028】
比較例1
実施例1において、拭き取り材を使用しなかった点を除き、実施例1と同様にして電子写真感光体のドラムを製造した結果、円筒状基体(1)の端部に塗膜の厚さムラを生じた。また、塗布液の塗布後に円筒状基体(1)が搭載されたパレットの表面には塗布液の付着が見られた。
【0029】
比較例2
実施例1において、拭き取り材として、その表面の繊維同士が熱融着されていない不織布を使用した点が相違する以外は、実施例1と同様にして電子写真感光体のドラムを製造した結果、円筒状基体(1)端部の塗膜の厚さムラはなく、また、パレットの表面の塗布液の付着も見られなかった。しかしながら、得られたドラムにおいおては、形成された塗膜に不織布の繊維が混入し、塗布欠陥が発生した。
【0030】
【発明の効果】
以上説明した様に、本発明によれば、浸漬塗布法により塗布液を塗布した円筒状基体の下端縁の塗布液を拭き取り材によって吸収し、塗布液の厚さムラを除去するため、基体全体の均一な塗膜の形成が可能であり、しかも、搬送ラインにおけるパレットの塗布液による汚れを防止することが出来る。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】浸漬塗布法を実施するための浸漬装置および円筒状基体端部の拭き取り処理を実施するための拭き取り材の一例を示す説明図である。
【図2】円筒状基体を保持するチャック装置の一例を示す説明図である。
【符号の説明】
1:円筒状基体
2:チャック装置
3:浸漬装置
4:拭き取り材
[0001]
[Industrial application fields]
The present invention relates to a method for producing an electrophotographic photosensitive member, and more particularly, to a method for producing an electrophotographic photosensitive member in which a photosensitive coating film is formed by a dip coating method. The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing an electrophotographic photosensitive member, in which thickness unevenness is removed to prevent contamination of a pallet of a conveyance line.
[0002]
[Prior art]
An electrophotographic photosensitive member is manufactured by applying a coating solution of a photosensitive material on the surface of a cylindrical substrate. As a coating method for the coating solution, a dip coating method is preferably employed in which the cylindrical substrate is vertically lowered and immersed in a dipping tank containing the coating solution, and then the cylindrical substrate is pulled up vertically. In addition, the cylindrical substrate coated with the coating liquid is mounted on a pallet of a transport line and sent to the drying process.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
By the way, the coating liquid of the photosensitive material has a relatively high viscosity, and the coating liquid adheres thickly to the lower end edge of the cylindrical substrate pulled up from the coating liquid due to surface tension. The slight thickness unevenness of the coating solution generated at one edge of the cylindrical substrate does not directly affect the photosensitive performance, but when the cylindrical substrate is mounted on the pallet, the undried coating solution adheres. There is a problem of soiling the pallet. And there exists a possibility that the coating liquid adhering to the pallet may peel and become a contamination source.
[0004]
The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object thereof is a method for manufacturing an electrophotographic photoreceptor in which a photosensitive coating film is formed by a dip coating method, and prevents contamination of a pallet on a conveyance line. Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing an electrophotographic photosensitive member that can be used.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
As a result of intensive studies to achieve the above object, the present inventors can form a photosensitive coating film uniformly by removing the coating thickness unevenness at the end of the cylindrical substrate after coating. In addition, the inventors have obtained knowledge that contamination by the coating liquid on the pallet in the transport line can be effectively prevented.
[0006]
The present invention has been completed on the basis of the above knowledge, and the gist thereof is an electrophotographic photosensitive film in which a photosensitive coating material is applied to the surface of a cylindrical substrate by a dip coating method to form a photosensitive coating film. In the method for producing an electrophotographic photosensitive member, the present invention resides in a method for producing an electrophotographic photosensitive member, wherein after applying a coating solution, a cylindrical substrate is vertically lowered before drying and its lower end edge is brought into contact with a wiping material.
[0007]
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is an explanatory view showing an example of a dip device for carrying out a dip coating method and a wiping material for carrying out a wiping process of the end portion of the cylindrical base body, and FIG. 2 is a chuck for holding the cylindrical base body. It is explanatory drawing which shows an example of an apparatus.
[0008]
In the present invention, various conventionally known cylindrical substrates can be used. For example, metallic materials such as aluminum, brass, and stainless steel, polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, polymer materials such as polypropylene, nylon, polystyrene, and phenol resin, or other materials such as hard paper are used in a cylindrical shape. I can do it. In the case of an insulator material, it is necessary to conduct a conductive treatment. Examples of the treatment method include methods such as impregnation with a conductive substance, lamination of metal foil, and vapor deposition of metal. Moreover, the outer diameter of the cylindrical substrate is usually in the range of 2 to 20 cm and the length is in the range of 30 to 100 cm.
[0009]
As the coating solution, various conventionally known ones comprising a photosensitive material and one or more solvents can be used. For example, examples of charge generating materials include azo pigments such as Sudan Red, Diane Blue, and Dienas Green B; quinone pigments such as disazo pigments, algor yellow, and pyrenequinone; quinocyanine pigments, perylene pigments, indigo pigments, and Indian first orange toners. Bisbenzimidazole pigments, phthalocyanine pigments such as copper phthalocyanine, quinacridone pigments, pyrylium salts, and azurenium salts.
[0010]
Charge transport materials include polyaromatic compounds such as anthracene, pyrene, phenanthrene and coronene in the main chain or side chain, or indole, carbazole, oxazole, isoxazole, thiazole, imidazole, pyrazole, oxadiazole, pyrazoline, thiadiazole, triazole Examples thereof include compounds having a skeleton of a nitrogen-containing cyclic compound such as, and hole transport materials such as hydrazone compounds.
[0011]
Examples of the binder resin for forming the photosensitive coating film include polycarbonate, polyarylate, polystyrene, polymethacrylic acid esters, styrene-methyl methacrylate copolymer, polyester, styrene-acrylonitrile copolymer, polysulfone, polyvinyl acetate, poly Examples include acrylonitrile, polyvinyl butyral, polyvinyl pyrrolidone, methyl cellulose, hydroxymethyl cellulose, and cellulose esters.
[0012]
As the coating solvent, a solvent having high volatility and a vapor density larger than that of air is preferably used. For example, n-butylamine, diethylamine, ethylenediamine, isopropanolamine, triethanolamine, N, N-dimethylformamide, acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, cyclohexanone, benzene, 4-methoxy-4-methylpentanone-2, dimethoxymethane, dimethoxyethane, 2,4-pentadione, anisole, methyl 3-oxobutanoate, monochlorobenzene, toluene, xylene, chloroform, 1,2-dichloroethane, dichloromethane, tetrahydrofuran, dioxane, methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, dimethyl sulfoxide, Examples include methyl cellosolve, ethyl cellosolve, and methyl cellosolve acetate.
[0013]
The coating solution for the photosensitive material in the case of producing a single layer type electrophotographic photosensitive member is prepared by mixing the charge generating substance, the charge transporting substance, the binder resin and the coating solvent. The photosensitive material coating solution used in the production of the laminated electrophotographic photosensitive member includes a charge generating layer coating solution comprising the charge generating material, a binder resin and a coating solvent, and the charge transporting material. A charge transport layer coating solution comprising a binder resin and a coating solvent is prepared separately.
[0014]
The concentration of each component in the coating solution is appropriately selected according to a known method. The concentration of the solid content is mainly determined according to the film thickness of the layer to be formed. In the case of a coating solution for producing a single-layer type electrophotographic photosensitive member, a laminated type electrophotographic photosensitive member is produced. In the case of the coating solution for the charge transport layer, the amount is adjusted to 40% by weight or less, preferably 10 to 35% by weight or less. In the case of these coating solutions, the viscosity is 50 to 300 cps, preferably 70 to 250 cps, and the dry film thickness is 15 to 40 μm.
[0015]
By the way, in the process from dip coating to drying, the cylindrical substrate is held and moved using, for example, a chuck device as shown in FIG. The illustrated chuck device (2) includes a horizontal arm (20) configured to be movable up and down and horizontally movable, and an insertion that is suspended vertically by the horizontal arm and inserted into a cylinder of the cylindrical base body (1). It consists of a shaft (21) and a balloon body (22) provided on the outer peripheral surface of the insertion shaft.
[0016]
The balloon body (22) is usually provided at two positions with respect to the insertion shaft (21) in order to hold the cylindrical base body (1) vertically and more stably. These balloon bodies (22) are expanded by a fluid such as pressurized air supplied through a flow path formed inside the insertion shaft (21), so that the cylindrical base body (1) is removed from the cylinder. Hold. And the cylindrical base | substrate (1) hold | maintained by the balloon body (2) is moved up and down or moved horizontally by the action | operation of a horizontal arm (20). As the chuck device (2), in addition to the so-called air picker type device shown in FIG. 2, various types such as a structure in which fingers that can be expanded and contracted are provided around the insertion shaft inserted into the cylinder of the cylindrical base body. It is possible to employ an apparatus having a structure of
[0017]
The dip coating is performed using, for example, a dip device as shown in FIG. The illustrated immersion device (3) is mainly composed of an immersion tank (30) in which the coating solution is stored and the cylindrical substrate (1) is immersed, and a coating solution circulation mechanism. The coating liquid stored in the immersion tank (30) is supplied from the coating liquid supply port (31) and overflows from the upper part of the immersion tank (30). The coating liquid overflowed to the receiving toy (32) is sent to the coating liquid tank (33) and stirred, and then supplied again via the supply pump (34). Reference numeral (35) denotes a hood provided as necessary on the immersion tank (30) and the receiving toy (32) for preventing evaporation of the solvent on the coating liquid surface.
[0018]
In the dip coating, the cylindrical substrate (1) is vertically lowered and immersed in a dipping tank (30) in which the liquid level of the coating solution is maintained constant by overflow, and then the cylindrical substrate (1) is vertical. It is done by raising it and pulling it up. At that time, by controlling the descending and rising speeds of the cylindrical substrate (1), it is possible to prevent vibration of the coating liquid surface around the cylindrical substrate (1) and to prevent coating defects (flow unevenness). . In addition, raising / lowering of a cylindrical base | substrate (1) is performed using the said chuck | zipper apparatus (2). In the case of producing a laminated electrophotographic photosensitive member, the above-described dip coating is performed for each of coating of a coating solution for a charge generation layer and coating of a coating solution for a charge transport layer.
[0019]
In the present invention, as shown in FIG. 1, after the coating liquid is applied to the surface of the cylindrical substrate (1), the lower end of the cylindrical substrate (1) is brought into contact with the wiping material (4) before drying. is important. In the above operation, usually, the cylindrical base (1) held by the chuck device (2) is lowered vertically and brought into contact with the wiping material (4) disposed on an appropriate base (40). Thereby, the wiping material (4) can absorb the coating liquid that has adhered to the lower end edge of the cylindrical substrate (1) pulled up from the coating liquid by surface tension. As a result, it is possible to eliminate the uneven thickness of the coating solution at the lower end of the cylindrical substrate (1), and to form a coating film with a uniform thickness on the entire surface of the cylindrical substrate (1) by subsequent drying. I can do it. Moreover, even when mounted on a pallet, the pallet is not soiled, and the cleanliness in the transfer line can be maintained.
[0020]
As said wiping material (4), it is preferable to use the nonwoven fabric which consists of a synthetic resin fiber and heat-seal | bonded the fiber of the surface part at least. Examples of the fibers constituting the nonwoven fabric include polyamides such as nylon-6 and nylon-6, 6, polyester, isotactic polypropylene, and polyethylene. Nylon is particularly preferable. Further, non-contact heating means such as a so-called oven equipped with a hot stove or an appropriate heater is used to fuse the non-woven fibers. In such a heating means, it heats at the temperature which melt | dissolves only the surface, without melt | dissolving the whole each fiber which comprises a nonwoven fabric. The temperature at which only the surface of each fiber is melted differs somewhat depending on the thickness of the fiber and the treatment time, but is, for example, a temperature that is about 10 ° higher than the melting temperature of the fiber.
[0021]
In the lump-shaped nonwoven fabric subjected to the fusion treatment as described above, the fiber does not come off from the surface portion. Therefore, when the cylindrical substrate (1) is brought into contact with the substrate, the coating solution is not dried on the substrate surface. It is effective for preventing contamination of the cylindrical base body without the adhesion of fibers as foreign matters. Therefore, in the nonwoven fabric as the wiping material (4), the inner fibers may naturally be fused together, but at least the fibers in the surface portion must be fused together.
[0022]
After the above wiping process, although not shown, the cylindrical substrate (1) held by the chuck device (2) is transferred to the pallet of the conveying line and sent to the drying process, and the outer periphery of the cylindrical substrate (1) The surface is dried to form a photosensitive coating film on the outer peripheral surface. The drying method is performed by a conventionally known temperature rising drying method or natural drying method. The temperature rising drying method is a drying method that uses an air convection drying device (hot air drying device) to raise the temperature of the cylindrical substrate (1) to a predetermined temperature and dry the coating liquid. In the temperature rising drying method, the temperature rising rate and the like are controlled in order to prevent so-called bubble defects. The natural drying method is a method in which the cylindrical substrate (1) is stationary in a space sealed with a cover and naturally dried. In the natural drying method, the concentration of the solvent vapor in the shield space is controlled in order to adjust the drying speed and prevent the occurrence of thickness unevenness.
[0023]
【Example】
The present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the following examples and comparative examples. However, the present invention is not limited to the following examples unless it exceeds the gist.
[0024]
Example 1
In this embodiment, an aluminum tube having an outer diameter of 100 mm, a length of 340 mm, and a wall thickness of 1.5 mm is used as the cylindrical substrate (1), and dip coating is performed using the dip device (3) shown in FIG. Carried out. The inner diameter of the immersion tank (2) is 160 mm. The charge generation layer coating solution was prepared with 100 parts by weight of an azo pigment (charge generation material), 100 parts by weight of a polyvinyl butyral resin (binder), and 4800 parts by weight of a solvent (dimethoxyethane / pentoxone = 9/1 weight ratio) (solid content). Concentration 4% by weight).
[0025]
The cylindrical substrate (1) was lowered to the immersion tank (2) at a speed of 1500 mm / min. The cylindrical base body (1) was immersed to the vicinity of the upper end portion, and then pulled up at a speed of 500 mm / min. The pulled up cylindrical substrate (1) is moved horizontally and immediately lowered, and its lower end is brought into contact with the contact material (41) for about 5 minutes, thereby absorbing the coating adhering to the lower end edge of the cylindrical substrate (1). . As the contact material (41), a non-woven fabric made of nylon fibers having an average yarn diameter of 80 microns and heat-sealed with fibers in the surface portion was used.
[0026]
Next, the cylindrical substrate (1) is mounted on an aluminum pallet and introduced into a hot-air drying apparatus, the surface of the cylindrical substrate (1) is dried, and a charge generation layer having a dry film thickness of 0.4 microns is formed. Formed. As a result of observing the obtained charge generation layer, there was no thickness unevenness at the end of the cylindrical substrate (1), and a uniform coating film could be formed throughout. Moreover, the stain | pollution | contamination by the coating liquid on the pallet surface was not seen.
[0027]
Next, a charge transport layer was provided on the charge generation layer provided as described above in the same manner as described above to obtain an electrophotographic photosensitive drum. The charge transport layer coating solution was prepared with 100 parts by weight of a hydrazone compound (charge transport material), 100 parts by weight of a polycarbonate resin (binder), and 467 parts by weight of a solvent (1,4-dioxane / tetrahydrofuran = 4/6 weight ratio). (Solid content concentration 30% by weight). In the obtained drum, a uniform coating film with no coating defects and no thickness unevenness was formed at the end. Moreover, the stain | pollution | contamination by the coating liquid on the pallet surface was not seen.
[0028]
Comparative Example 1
In Example 1, the drum of the electrophotographic photosensitive member was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the wiping material was not used, and as a result, the thickness of the coating film was uneven at the end of the cylindrical substrate (1). Produced. Moreover, adhesion of the coating liquid was observed on the surface of the pallet on which the cylindrical substrate (1) was mounted after the coating liquid was applied.
[0029]
Comparative Example 2
In Example 1, as a wiping material, except that the non-woven fabric in which the fibers on the surface are not heat-sealed is different, the drum of the electrophotographic photosensitive member was manufactured in the same manner as in Example 1, There was no thickness unevenness of the coating film at the end of the cylindrical substrate (1), and no adhesion of the coating liquid on the surface of the pallet was observed. However, in the obtained drum, non-woven fibers were mixed in the formed coating film, and coating defects occurred.
[0030]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, the entire base substrate is used to absorb the coating liquid at the lower end edge of the cylindrical substrate coated with the coating liquid by the dip coating method, and to remove the thickness unevenness of the coating liquid. It is possible to form a uniform coating film, and to prevent contamination of the pallet with the coating liquid in the transport line.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is an explanatory view showing an example of a dip device for carrying out a dip coating method and a wiping material for carrying out a wiping treatment of an end portion of a cylindrical substrate.
FIG. 2 is an explanatory view showing an example of a chuck device for holding a cylindrical substrate.
[Explanation of symbols]
1: Cylindrical substrate 2: Chuck device 3: Immersion device 4: Wiping material

Claims (2)

浸漬塗布法により円筒状基体の表面に感光体材料の塗布液を塗布して感光塗膜を形成する電子写真感光体の製造方法において、塗布液を塗布した後、乾燥前に円筒状基体を垂直に下降させてその下端縁を拭き取り材に接触させることを特徴とする電子写真感光体の製造方法。In a method of manufacturing an electrophotographic photosensitive member in which a photosensitive material coating solution is applied to the surface of a cylindrical substrate by a dip coating method to form a photosensitive coating film, the cylindrical substrate is placed vertically before being dried after the coating solution is applied. And a lower end edge thereof is brought into contact with a wiping material. 拭き取り材として、合成樹脂繊維からなる不織布であって、少なくともその表面部分の繊維同士を熱融着したものを使用する請求項1に記載の電子写真感光体の製造方法。2. The method for producing an electrophotographic photosensitive member according to claim 1, wherein the wiping material is a non-woven fabric made of synthetic resin fibers, wherein at least the fibers of the surface portions are heat-sealed.
JP11647095A 1995-04-18 1995-04-18 Method for producing electrophotographic photosensitive member Expired - Fee Related JP3774247B2 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP11647095A JP3774247B2 (en) 1995-04-18 1995-04-18 Method for producing electrophotographic photosensitive member

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP11647095A JP3774247B2 (en) 1995-04-18 1995-04-18 Method for producing electrophotographic photosensitive member

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPH08305050A JPH08305050A (en) 1996-11-22
JP3774247B2 true JP3774247B2 (en) 2006-05-10

Family

ID=14687909

Family Applications (1)

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Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JP3774247B2 (en)

Also Published As

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