JP3768606B2 - Method for correcting gear cut-off gear set-up and gear cutting machine - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a method for correcting gear tooth setup of a bevel gear and a gear cutting machine, and in particular, eliminates a cutter feeding mechanism from a machine and manual work by a human, and at the same time reduces an error in the cutter height and shortens an adjustment time. The present invention relates to a bevel gear gear set-up correction method and a gear cutting machine.
[0002]
[Prior art]
2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a bevel gear cutting machine performs gear cutting by causing a cutter head to incline so that the pressure angle of a workpiece coincides with the pressure angle of a cutter. For example, Japanese Patent Publication No. 30-3900 is known. In the calculation of the specifications of the bevel gear and the calculation of the machine setup for gear cutting, the reference is the apex of the pitch cone of the workpiece. In the gear cutting machine, the geometric positional relationship between the cradle representing the virtual gear and the workpiece, the positional relationship of the cutter determined by the gear specifications, and the like are determined based on the apex of the pitch cone. The cutting edge of the cutter is set to a plane including the apex of the root cone. Conventional gear cutters have a feeding mechanism that can adjust the cutter spindle in the axial direction, and a gage that can confirm that the cutting edge of the cutter is in a plane that includes the apex of the root cone. Even if the height of the cutter changes by re-grinding, the cutter blade edge is adjusted to a plane including the apex of the root cone.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In the conventional method, the error of the cutter height affects the tooth contact and tooth thickness of the gear to be processed, and the cutter feeding mechanism requires a screw and a clamping function for feeding, Since they are provided in the portion that directly receives the cutting force due to the machine configuration, this causes a reduction in the rigidity of the machine. Moreover, since these operations are manual operations, there is a problem that a lot of work time is required with skilled workers. In view of the above circumstances, the present invention eliminates the cutter feeding mechanism from the machine and the manual operation performed by humans, simultaneously reduces the error in the cutter height, shortens the adjustment time, and sets the reference position as the cutter height. The distance from the blade to the cutting edge is automatically measured using a sensor and scale, and the correction amount of the machine setup is calculated based on the distance to automatically correct the machine setup and gear cut. It was developed for the purpose of providing a set-up correction method and a gear cutter.
[0004]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above-mentioned problems and achieve the object, the present invention has taken the following technical means.
[0005]
A. In the method for correcting the gear set-up of the bevel gear cutting machine without the cutter shaft feeding mechanism,
A cradle shaft 2B representing a virtual gear 2 that is assumed to be engaged with the teeth 1A of the workpiece 1 is formed with the vertex P of the pitch cone of the workpiece 1 as a reference, and the center is in contact with the vertex P. The cutter shaft 3B is configured to be inclined by θ angle with respect to the cradle shaft so that the cutting edge 3A is in contact with the bottom cone surface 1B of the workpiece 1.
A sensor 4 disposed in parallel with the cutter shaft 3B and facing the cutter blade edge 3A so as to be movable forward and backward in the direction of the blade edge 3A;
A scale 5 that reads the position of the tip of the sensor 4 when the tip of the sensor 4 comes into contact with the cutting edge 3A of the cutter 3;
The position of the tooth bottom conical surface 1B of the workpiece that is in contact with the cutting edge 3A of the normal cutter 3 is stored in advance, and the difference ΔS is measured by the detection value of the sensor 4;
Based on the difference ΔS
(A) Stop position S of the sliding portion for adjusting the depth of cut of the workpiece S = difference ΔS × COS θ
(B) The distance L1 from the apex P of the pitch cone of the workpiece 1 to the center of the cutter shaft 3B when the cutting edge 3A is reground L2—the distance L1 of the center of the cutter shaft 3B from the apex P of the pitch cone of the workpiece 1 when normal △ S × SIN θ
To calculate
It is characterized by adjusting the stop position S of the sliding part for adjusting the cutting depth of the workpiece and the distance from the center of the cradle shaft by a gear gear cutting machine control device.
[0006]
B. In a bevel gear cutting machine without a cutter shaft feeding mechanism,
A cradle shaft 2B representing a virtual gear 2 that is assumed to be engaged with the teeth 1A of the workpiece 1 is formed with the vertex P of the pitch cone of the workpiece 1 as a reference, and the center is in contact with the vertex P. The cutter shaft 3B is configured to be inclined by θ angle with respect to the cradle shaft so that the cutting edge 3A is in contact with the bottom cone surface 1B of the workpiece 1.
A sensor 4 disposed in parallel with the cutter shaft 3B and facing the cutter blade edge 3A so as to be movable forward and backward in the direction of the blade edge 3A;
A scale 5 for reading the position of the tip of the sensor 4 when the tip of the sensor 4 comes into contact with the cutting edge 3A of the cutter 3;
The position of the tooth bottom conical surface 1B of the workpiece that is in contact with the cutting edge 3A of the normal cutter 3 is stored in advance, and the difference ΔS is measured by the detection value of the sensor 4;
Based on the difference ΔS
(A) Stop position S of the sliding portion for adjusting the depth of cut of the workpiece S = difference ΔS × COS θ
(B) The distance L1 from the apex P of the pitch cone of the workpiece 1 to the center of the cutter shaft 3B when the cutting edge 3A is reground L2—the distance L1 of the center of the cutter shaft 3B from the apex P of the pitch cone of the workpiece 1 when normal △ S × SIN θ
It is characterized by adjusting the stop position S of the sliding portion for adjusting the cut depth of the workpiece by the control device and the distance from the center of the cradle shaft .
[0007]
[Action]
The present invention configured as described above has the following effects. That is, when the cutter is worn by the conventional gear cutter and re-ground, error correction is performed by advancing the cutter shaft in accordance with re-grinding. For example, the amount of movement is measured by contact of a touch sensor. This is read by a scale, for example, a linear scale. As a result, the position of the cutting edge is calculated, so that the cutting depth of the workpiece and other machine setups can be automatically adjusted by the control device with a correction value corresponding to the calculation, and the gear can be cut correctly.
[0008]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. 1 is a schematic plan view showing a relationship between a cutter and a sensor, FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a gear cutter, FIG. 3 is a schematic plan view showing a relationship between a work, a virtual gear, and a cutter. 4 indicates the position of the center of the cutter when the virtual gear is viewed from the front. In FIG. 3, the specifications of the bevel gear specifications and the machine setup calculation for gear cutting are based on the apex P of the pitch cone of the work 1. In the gear cutter, the center of the cradle shaft 2B representing the virtual gear 2 is in contact with the apex P of the pitch cone. The tooth 1A of the work 1 is virtually cut so as to mesh with the tooth 2A of the virtual gear 2, and the cutting edge 3A of the cutter 3 is cut so that it contacts the tooth bottom conical surface 1B. The shaft 3B is configured to be inclined. Since the cutter 3 is sharpened by cutting and is reground, the height of the cutter blade edge is changed short as shown by the phantom line 33 in FIG. As a result, as shown in FIG. 4, the center of the cutter shaft 3B when the cutting edge 3A is reground is extended by ΔL even though the distance L1 or M1 from the apex P of the pitch cone of the work 1 is correct. It becomes L2, and it shrinks by ΔM to become M2. Therefore, conventionally, the error in the height of the cutter of ΔL and ΔM has been adjusted by feeding the cutter shaft 3B toward the work 1, but these adjustment operations are skillful for manual operation. An operator was required and work time was required. In addition, the cutter feeding mechanism requires a complicated mechanism such as a feeding screw and a clamping mechanism, and this part is a part that directly receives cutting resistance, which causes a reduction in the rigidity of the machine. The present invention does not use the cutter feeding mechanism, and specifically uses a sensor 4 (specifically, a touch sensor) and a scale 5 (specifically, a linear scale) as shown in FIG. To do. In FIG. 1, the cutter shaft 3 </ b> B indicates a plane that is inclined about the θ angle with respect to the cradle shaft 2 </ b> B. The solid-line cutter 3 indicates that it is in a proper position, and the cutter whose height has been lowered by ΔS by re-grinding, that is, the cutter 33 after re-grinding is indicated by a virtual line. In the normal position cutter 3, the cutter shaft 3B is inclined at an angle of θ with respect to the cradle shaft 2B, the cutter center is located at a distance L1 from the center of the cradle shaft 2B, and the cutting edge 3A of the cutter 3 is the tooth of the workpiece 1 It is in contact with the plane 1B including the apex of the bottom cone. On the other hand, since the cutter 33 after re-grinding has a Δ difference in the height of the cutting edge 3A with respect to the solid-line cutter 3, ΔS is the cradle axial distance from the solid-line cutter 3 and the center of the cradle. There is a difference by a difference ΔL of L2−L1 in the distance from the cutter center. A sensor 4 (specifically, a touch sensor) is disposed in parallel with the cutter shaft 3B and facing the cutter blade edge 3A so as to be movable forward and backward in the direction of the blade edge 3A. The sensor 4 is advanced or retracted by a driving device such as a servo motor or ball screw by NC control (not shown). When the tip of the sensor 4 comes into contact with the cutting edge 3A of the cutter 3, its position is scaled. The data can be read with a rule 5 (specifically, a linear scale). Since the position of the plane 1B including the apex of the tooth root cone of the workpiece is set in advance in the reading value of the scale 5, the difference of ΔL is calculated and the depth of cut of the workpiece is calculated. The stop position S of the sliding portion for adjusting the height S = difference distance ΔS × COSθ, L2−L1 = ΔS × SINθ is calculated. After that, based on this numerical value, the stop position of the other machine setup part of the gear cutting machine, that is, the sliding part that adjusts the cutting depth of the workpiece, and the distance from the cradle center are adjusted by a control device (not shown). By doing so, gear cutting can be correctly performed with reference to the apex of a new cone including a plane inclined at an angle of θ with respect to the center of the cradle and in contact with the cutting edge of the cutter.
[0009]
FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a gear cutter without a cutter shaft feeding mechanism. An outline of the configuration of the gear cutter 6 will be described. A work holding unit 8 and a cutter unit 9 are disposed on the bed 7. The work holding unit 8 can move forward and backward in the direction of the cutter unit 9 by operating the motor 10. The work spindle 11 is rotated by the operation of the motor 12. The cutter unit 9 advances and retreats in the direction indicated by the arrow X when the motor 13 operates, and the cutter head 14 moves up and down in the direction indicated by the arrow Y when the motor 15 operates. The cutter 16 can be rotated by a motor 17 and the cutter shaft can be inclined by the upper motor 18. For the detailed mechanism, refer to JP-A-2-237718. The sensor 4 (linear sensor) and the scale 5 (linear scale) are arranged on the bed 7 so as to be positioned in front of the cutter 16, or are arranged on the cutter shaft head 14 via an arbitrary support. Arrangement means, such as providing, is not limited. The motors are all controlled by an NC control device (not shown), and the drive devices (not shown) for the sensor 4 and the scale 5 are also controlled by the same NC control device. L2−L1 = ΔL shown in FIG. 1 is used to correct the cutter shaft 3B in the radial direction by moving the cutter head 14 shown in FIG. 2 in the directions indicated by the arrows X and Y. 1 can be corrected by correcting the work holding unit 8 in FIG. 2 in the direction of the arrow Z-axis. Thus, even if the gear cutter 6 of FIG. 2 does not have a cutter feeding mechanism, it is possible to always make a preferable correction to the amount of regrinding of the cutter blade edge. This means that the cutter feeding mechanism is used as a device. Since it was made unnecessary, the mechanical rigidity could be improved. In addition, it has become possible to eliminate the manual work performed by humans and at the same time reduce the gear cutting error and shorten the adjustment time.
[0010]
【The invention's effect】
Since the present invention is configured as described above, it has the following excellent effects.
[0011]
A. Because the position of the cutter blade edge is automatically measured using the sensor and scale, and the amount of correction of the machine setup is calculated based on the measured value, the machine setup can be automatically corrected and gear cutting can be performed. The complicated cutter feed mechanism can be removed from the gear cutting machine, and the cutting force of the cutter shaft head can be particularly reduced in terms of the machine configuration of the gear cutting machine, and the rigidity of the machine can be improved.
[0012]
B. Since each drive unit is automatically controlled via the NC controller using sensors and scales, manual work done by humans is eliminated, and at the same time, the error in the cutter height is always corrected and reduced, and the adjustment time is also significant. There is an effect that can be shortened.
[0013]
C. Since the error of the cutter height is adjusted by automatic control, the same adjustment effect can be obtained everywhere without requiring the work of a skilled worker, and there is an effect that uniform gear cutting can be efficiently performed.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a schematic plan view showing a relationship between a cutter and a sensor.
FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a gear cutter.
FIG. 3 is a schematic plan view showing a relationship between a cutter and a workpiece.
FIG. 4 is a schematic front view showing a relationship between a cutter and a workpiece.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Work 1A Tooth 1B Plane 2 including vertex of workpiece bottom cone 2 Virtual gear 2A Virtual gear tooth tip 2B Cradle shaft 3 Cutter 3A Blade tip 3B Cutter shaft 33 Cutter 4 after re-grinding 4 Sensor 5 Scale 6 Tooth Cutting board 7 Bed 8 Work holding unit 9 Cutter unit 10 Motor 11 Work spindle 12, 13 Motor 14 Cutting shaft head 15 Motor 16 Cutter 17, 18 Motor P Cone root cone Vertex of

Claims (2)

In the method for correcting the gear set-up of the bevel gear cutting machine without the cutter shaft feeding mechanism,
A cradle shaft 2B representing a virtual gear 2 that is assumed to be engaged with the teeth 1A of the workpiece 1 is formed with the vertex P of the pitch cone of the workpiece 1 as a reference, and the center is in contact with the vertex P. The cutter shaft 3B is configured to be inclined by θ angle with respect to the cradle shaft so that the cutting edge 3A is in contact with the bottom cone surface 1B of the workpiece 1.
A sensor 4 disposed in parallel with the cutter shaft 3B and facing the cutter blade edge 3A so as to be movable forward and backward in the direction of the blade edge 3A;
A scale 5 that reads the position of the tip of the sensor 4 when the tip of the sensor 4 comes into contact with the cutting edge 3A of the cutter 3;
The position of the tooth bottom conical surface 1B of the workpiece that is in contact with the cutting edge 3A of the normal cutter 3 is stored in advance, and the difference ΔS is measured by the detection value of the sensor 4;
Based on the difference ΔS
(A) Stop position S of the sliding portion for adjusting the depth of cut of the workpiece S = difference ΔS × COS θ
(B) The distance L1 from the apex P of the pitch cone of the workpiece 1 to the center of the cutter shaft 3B when the cutting edge 3A is reground L2—the distance L1 of the center of the cutter shaft 3B from the apex P of the pitch cone of the workpiece 1 when normal △ S × SIN θ
To calculate
Gear bevel gear set-up correction characterized by adjusting the stop position S of the sliding part for adjusting the cutting depth of the workpiece and the distance from the center of the cradle shaft by a gear gear cutting machine control device Method. In a bevel gear cutting machine without a cutter shaft feeding mechanism,
A cradle shaft 2B representing a virtual gear 2 that is assumed to be engaged with the teeth 1A of the workpiece 1 is formed with the vertex P of the pitch cone of the workpiece 1 as a reference, and the center is in contact with the vertex P. The cutter shaft 3B is configured to be inclined by θ angle with respect to the cradle shaft so that the cutting edge 3A is in contact with the bottom cone surface 1B of the workpiece 1.
A sensor 4 disposed in parallel with the cutter shaft 3B and facing the cutter blade edge 3A so as to be movable forward and backward in the direction of the blade edge 3A;
A scale 5 for reading the position of the tip of the sensor 4 when the tip of the sensor 4 comes into contact with the cutting edge 3A of the cutter 3;
The position of the tooth bottom conical surface 1B of the workpiece that is in contact with the cutting edge 3A of the normal cutter 3 is stored in advance, and the difference ΔS is measured by the detection value of the sensor 4;
Based on the difference ΔS
(A) Stop position S of the sliding portion for adjusting the depth of cut of the workpiece S = difference ΔS × COS θ
(B) The distance L1 from the apex P of the pitch cone of the workpiece 1 to the center of the cutter shaft 3B when the cutting edge 3A is reground L2—the distance L1 of the center of the cutter shaft 3B from the apex P of the pitch cone of the workpiece 1 when normal △ S × SIN θ
A bevel gear cutting machine characterized by adjusting the stop position S of the sliding portion for adjusting the cutting depth of the workpiece by the control device and the distance from the center of the cradle shaft .

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