JP3768326B2 - Hygroscopic building materials - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a hygroscopic building material.
[0002]
[Prior art]
It is considered that the generation of mold in the house is caused by temperature and humidity (moisture). This is because previous studies have shown that mold growth depends on three factors: temperature, humidity, and nutrition. Of these, the comfortable temperature of human beings and the growth temperature of fungi are almost equal, and for nutrition, human sweat, dirt and dust are nourished, so it is unlikely that these two are missing from the human living space . Therefore, the presence or absence of mold is largely determined by the presence or absence of moisture (moisture), and in order to prevent the occurrence of mold, it is necessary not to create a humidity condition in which the mold is likely to occur in the living space.
[0003]
For this reason, materials such as wood, paper, and soil that have a natural moisture absorption / release function have been used in homes in Japan. However, building materials such as concrete, vinyl and urethane wallpaper, which are frequently used in recent years, do not have sufficient moisture absorption and desorption functions, and mold generation is suppressed by mold prevention materials. However, this fungicide may also contain chemicals that are harmful to the human body.
[0004]
Therefore, in order to solve these problems, building materials such as zeolite with high moisture absorption / release performance, boards in which diatomaceous earth and cement are mixed, and concrete in which zeolite is mixed instead of sand have been developed.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, boards mixed with zeolite and cement as described above, and concrete mixed with zeolite require a finishing material. When applying this finishing material, such as urethane wallpaper, the moisture absorption and desorption performance is reduced. There was a drawback.
[0006]
This invention is made | formed in view of the above subjects, The objective is to provide the moisture absorbing / releasing building material which does not require a finishing material.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The moisture-absorbing and releasing building materials of the present invention for solving the above problems are 10% to 20% of fibers made from waste paper and long fibers for Japanese paper, 60 to 80% of cristobalite, and 10 to 20% of gypsum. It is characterized by being mixed .
[0008]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, an example of an embodiment of a hygroscopic building material of the present invention will be described in detail based on the drawings. The hygroscopic building material refers to a building material that can absorb and release moisture (moisture), and has a property of absorbing moisture with a decrease in temperature and releasing it with an increase in temperature. As an embodiment of the hygroscopic building material, a description will be given using wallpaper and a board.
[0009]
Fig. 1 shows a wallpaper 1 as a moisture absorbing / releasing building material, which is used as a finishing material in the same manner as ordinary vinyl and urethane wallpaper, but has the property of absorbing or releasing humidity (moisture absorbing / releasing properties). Therefore, it is slightly thicker than vinyl-based wallpaper, and becomes 0.5 mm to 2 mm. The wallpaper 1 is composed of pulp 2, cristobalite 3 and gypsum 4, and the gypsum 4 serves to connect the pulp 2 and cristobalite 3. Therefore, when gypsum is not included, the cristobalite 3 falls from the surface of the moisture absorbing / releasing building material.
[0010]
The small pores for the adsorption performance are 10 A ° or less for zeolite, 10 A ° to 3000 A ° for diatomaceous earth, and 100 to 10 A ° for crisbarite, and belong to an intermediate between zeolite and diatomaceous earth.
Examples of moisture-controlling materials that have been used in homes in Japan include timber, clay walls, paper shoji, and firewood. These moisture absorption and desorption effects are caused by voids in the material and are influenced by the surface area and thickness of the material. In general, in a coarse fibrous material such as Japanese paper, the voids generate moisture absorption and desorption performance. Japanese paper and the like are fibrous and have a large surface area, so that moisture absorption and desorption performance is effective. However, since it is difficult to obtain a thickness, the moisture retention amount is insufficient. On the other hand, zeolite, diatomaceous earth, cristobalite, etc. have minute pores and have a water vapor retention effect, and therefore have a moisture absorption / release function.
[0011]
The pulp 2 is made from long fibers for Japanese paper, or used paper such as newspapers and magazines. The cristobalite 3 has a particle size of 50 μm or less, and the gypsum 4 has a powder.
[0012]
The mixing ratio of these pulp 2, cristobalite 3, and gypsum 4 is 10 to 20% for pulp 2, 60 to 80% for cristobalite 3, and 10 to 20% for gypsum 4, of which pulp 2 is less than 10% Then, the cristobalite 3 is likely to drop off, and if it exceeds 20%, the moisture absorption performance decreases. Further, when the cristobalite 3 is less than 60%, the moisture absorption amount of moisture decreases, and when it exceeds 80%, molding as a building material becomes difficult. Further, when the gypsum 4 is less than 10%, the adhesive strength between the pulp 2 and the cristobalite 3 becomes weak, and when it exceeds 20%, the flexibility is insufficient. Therefore, the wallpaper 1 has the best mixing ratio of 20% for pulp 2, 70% for cristobalite 3 and 10% for gypsum 4.
[0013]
Next, the wallpaper manufacturing method will be described with reference to FIG.
[Manufacture of pulp]
First, pulp 2 as a raw material of paper is taken out from old paper 5 such as a newspaper or a magazine, or crushed wood 6. When used paper 5 is used, the material that has been dissolved and bleached in the recycling process is used. If the used paper 5 is recycled in this way, the wallpaper 1 can be manufactured at a low cost.
[Formulation of moisture absorbing / releasing composition]
A moisture absorption / release composition 7 is prepared by mixing a predetermined amount of cristobalite 3 and gypsum 4.
[Mixing of pulp and moisture absorbing / releasing composition]
A predetermined amount of the composition 7 is added to the pulp 2 produced by the above method, and water 9 is added and mixed with stirring by the mixer 8.
[Removal of water]
Next, when the agitated and mixed raw material 10 is poured into the paper mill 11 and moisture is removed by applying pressure, it is formed in a predetermined size and a predetermined thickness. The thickness is determined by the amount of pouring into the paper mill 11.
[Dry]
Next, the moisture 10a is cut, placed on a smooth plate 12, and dried naturally or with an iron 13 to complete the wallpaper 1.
Examples of wallpaper 1 are shown below.
[0014]
[Example]
(A) Pulp;
A long fiber pulp having a thickness of 3 mm or more, which is a fiber for Japanese paper, is used.
(B) moisture absorption / release composition;
(material)
Cristobalite: “Chrisbar” made by Nippon Steel Co., Ltd. with a particle size of about 20 μm is used.
Gypsum: Uses generally available powdered calcined gypsum.
(Formulation)
Prepare 2g Japanese paper, 1g gypsum and 7g Crisbar. Japanese paper is soaked in water and broken down into fibers.
(C) Mixing pulp and moisture-absorbing / releasing composition 20% mixed pulp, Crisbar 70%, gypsum 10%.
Add Criss bar and gypsum to Japanese paper decomposed into fibers, and mix with 0.5 liters of water while stirring with a mixer. The mixed product is poured into a wire mesh frame. At this time, in order to ensure the mixing ratio, care should be taken not to drop the Crisbar.
(D) Removal of moisture Remove from the frame and remove moisture by applying pressure from both sides with a plate.
(E) After the dried moisture was removed, the wire mesh was removed and air-dried to produce a 5 cm × 5 cm wallpaper.
[0015]
Next, the wallpaper 1 was used to conduct a comparative experiment on the amount of moisture absorbed. The comparison target is wallpaper 1a with a mixing ratio of 10% pulp, 30% Crisbar and 10% gypsum, wallpaper 1b with a mixing ratio of 20% pulp, 70% zeolite and 10% gypsum, A wallpaper 1c having a mixing ratio of 10%, zeolite 50% and gypsum 10% and a wallpaper 1d having a mixing ratio of pulp 20%, zeolite 20% and gypsum 10% were used.
[0016]
This moisture absorption / release amount confirmation test prepares a chamber set to 90% RH at a temperature and humidity of 25 ° C. and a chamber set to 40% RH at a temperature and humidity of 25 ° C. And the said test body is dried at 100 degreeC for 12 hours in a warm air drying furnace by the day before a test. After drying, place in a sealed container so as not to absorb moisture, and let it cool. Then, the cooled specimen is placed in a 90% RH chamber at 25 ° C. for 9 days, and the moisture absorption is measured every day. Then, this is put in a chamber set to 40% RH at 25 ° C., and the moisture release amount is measured.
[0017]
Fig. 4 shows the results of a moisture absorption / release amount confirmation test. The wallpaper 1 produced with a mixing ratio of 20% pulp, 70% Crisbar, and 10% gypsum has a maximum moisture absorption amount of 150 g / m ^2. Wallpapers 1a, 1b, 1c, 1d are higher in value. Therefore, it was confirmed that there was a sufficient amount of moisture absorption and desorption, and the wallpaper 1 having moisture absorption and desorption properties could be produced.
[0018]
FIG. 5 shows a finishing board 14 as a moisture absorbing / releasing building material, which is 3 mm to 5 mm thicker than the wallpaper 1. Since the surface is decorated with paper 15, it can be used not only as a base material such as a plaster board, but also as a finishing material having moisture absorption / release properties. Moreover, the surface finish of a various pattern can be performed by using the kind of pulp, for example, the long fiber for Japanese paper.
[0019]
The finishing board 14 is manufactured in the same manner as the wallpaper 1 described above, but in order to make it thicker than the wallpaper 1, pulp, cristobalite and gypsum are mixed well before adding water.
Examples of finishing boards are shown below.
[0020]
[Example]
(A) Pulp;
A long fiber pulp having a thickness of 3 mm or more, which is a fiber for Japanese paper, is used.
(B) moisture absorption / release composition;
(material)
Cristobalite: “Chrisbar” made by Nippon Steel Co., Ltd. with a particle size of about 20 μm is used.
Gypsum: Powdered calcined gypsum that is generally available is used.
(Formulation)
Prepare 2g Japanese paper, 1g gypsum and 7g Crisbar. Japanese paper is soaked in water and broken down into fibers.
(C) Mixing of pulp and moisture-absorbing / releasing composition Mixing at a ratio of 20% pulp, 70% Crisbar, and 10% gypsum. Add Crisbar and gypsum to Japanese paper that has been decomposed into fibers, and mix with 0.5 liters of water while stirring using a mixer. The mixed product is poured into a wire mesh frame. At this time, in order to ensure the mixing ratio, care should be taken not to drop the Crisbar.
(D) Removal of moisture Remove from the frame and remove moisture by applying pressure from both sides with a plate.
(E) Drying After the moisture was removed, the wire net was removed and air dried to produce a finished board of 5 cm × 5 cm.
[0021]
As a result of performing the moisture absorption / release amount confirmation test of the above-mentioned specimen in the same manner as the above wallpaper, it was confirmed that the finishing board 14 also has sufficient moisture absorption / release amount capability, and was provided with moisture absorption / release properties. A finishing board 14 could be manufactured.
[0022]
【The invention's effect】
A moisture-absorbing / releasing building material composed of pulp, cristobalite, and gypsum can exhibit sufficient moisture-absorbing / releasing capacity.
[0023]
By mixing 10-20% of pulp, 60-80% of cristobalite, and 10-20% of gypsum, it can be used as wallpaper or finishing board.
Pulp can achieve low cost by recycling waste paper.
[0025]
Because it can be used as a finishing material for wallpaper, etc., if there is no change in moisture absorption / release performance due to the construction method, and if a change in moisture absorption / release performance is expected, it can be easily removed from the base material by adding water. be able to.
[0026]
Because it consists of pulp, cristobalite, and gypsum, when it is disposed of, it decomposes naturally, and since no toxic gas is generated by incineration, it does not destroy the environment and can be reused by dissolving in water. It becomes possible.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a wallpaper.
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of wallpaper.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing a method for producing wallpaper.
FIG. 4 is a graph showing the results of a moisture absorption / release moisture amount confirmation test for wallpaper.
FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a finishing board.
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of a finishing board.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 wallpaper 2 pulp 3 cristobalite 4 gypsum 5 waste paper 14 finishing board

Claims (1)

A moisture-absorbing / releasing building material comprising 10 to 20% of fibers sown from waste paper and 10 to 20% of long fibers for Japanese paper, 60 to 80% of cristobalite, and 10 to 20% of gypsum .

Images