JP3763267B2

JP3763267B2 - Method and apparatus for preventing reduction in power reception rate of demand equipment

Info

Publication number: JP3763267B2
Application number: JP2001185881A
Authority: JP
Inventors: 賢一工藤
Original assignee: JFE Engineering Corp
Current assignee: JFE Engineering Corp
Priority date: 2001-06-20
Filing date: 2001-06-20
Publication date: 2006-04-05
Anticipated expiration: 2021-06-20
Also published as: JP2003009400A

Description

【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は例えばごみ焼却プラント等で発電設備を有する需要設備の受電力率低下防止方法及び装置、特に需要設備の力率改善を行うようにしたものに関する。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
一般に、例えばごみ焼却プラント等で発電設備を有する需要設備において、使用される負荷は遅れ力率をもたらす誘導性負荷が大部分であるため、受電点で力率の低下を生じさせる。
このような力率の低下は、電力損失が大きくなり、無効電力が余分に必要である。
さらに、電力会社と受電契約している場合、原則として力率を８５％以上に保つという電気料金上の協定があり、力率が８５％より１％を上回る、また下回るごとに、毎月の基本料金を１％割引又は割増することになっている。
力率割引及び割増の平均力率算定は、電力会社「電気供給約款取扱規則」により次式で決められている。
【０００３】
【数１】

【０００４】
従って、かかる需要設備で使用する電力の力率は、電力料金、その他に大きく悪影響を与えるため、力率を改善する必要がある。
このような需要設備の受電点の力率改善には様々な方法が取られている。
例えば、進相コンデンサ設備の設置があり、発電設備（同期発電機）による無効電力を制御することによる方法である。
ごみ焼却プラントの発電設備を有する需要設備では、この２方法が取られるケースが多い。
【０００５】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかしながら、ごみ焼却プラントのように需要設備の発電機を回す蒸気タービンの燃料がごみであるため、例えば全体としてごみが少なかったり、或いはごみを燃やすごみ焼却炉がメンテナンスや故障で稼働しない等により、発電機の発電容量が定格より低下し、発電機の発電電力と電力会社の系統電力とのバランス上、電力会社からの受電電力が零ｋｗ近傍になることがある。
このような電力会社からの受電電力が零ｋｗ近傍になる場合に、電力会社からの有効電力量は少なく、需要設備の設備負荷である例えばごみを焼却炉へ投入するごみクレーンがごみピットよりごみをつかみ上げると、負荷が急激に増大することにより、無効電力も急激に増大し、需要設備の受電点の力率が低下してしまうことになる。
【０００６】
このような電力会社からの受電電力が零ｋｗ近傍における無効電力の急激な増大による受電設備の受電点の力率が低下に対しては、発電機の発電電力が定格より少ないため、通常の発電機による力率改善制御では即座に対応できないため、受電設備の受電点の力率が低下が続くことにより、電力会社に対する料金の力率割引が受けられず、力率割増しの状態になるという問題点があった。
【０００７】
本発明は、このような問題点を解決するためになされたものであり、需要設備が系統側へ電力を逆送できず、電力会社からの受電電力が零ｋｗ近傍で有効電力が小さな買電をしている場合に、平均力率が低下することを防ぎ、力率割引が受けられる状態を保持、改善することができる受電設備の受電力率低下防止装置を得ることを目的とする。
【０００８】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明の請求項１に係る需要設備の受電力率低下防止方法は、電力会社から配電線を介して電力が供給され、かつごみ焼却プラントから蒸気供給管を介して供給される蒸気により駆動される蒸気タービンの回転駆動で発電する同期発電機から主として電力を供給される負荷設備を有する需要設備の受電電力が零ＫＷ近傍で推移している場合において、電力会社から供給された受電電力の受電点力率を検出する工程と、監視制御部が検出した受電電力の受電点力率が予め設定された監視力率値より低いときは発電機電力出力減信号をガバナに出力する工程と、ガバナが監視制御部からの発電機電力出力減信号を受けてアクチュエータに駆動信号を出力し、その駆動信号を受けたアクチュエータが蒸気供給管に設けられた蒸気加減弁を閉駆動して蒸気タービンに供給される蒸気圧又は蒸気流量を低下させて同期発電機の発電出力を低下させ、電力会社から供給される電力を増加させ、受電電力の受電点の力率の低下を防止する工程とからなるものである。
【０００９】
本発明の請求項２に係る需要設備の受電力率低下防止方法は、電力会社から配電線を介して電力が供給され、かつごみ焼却プラントから蒸気供給管を介して供給される蒸気により駆動される蒸気タービンの回転駆動で発電する同期発電機から主として電力を供給される負荷設備を有する需要設備の受電力率低下防止方法において、電力会社から供給された受電電力の受電点電力又は受電点電流を検出する工程と、監視制御部が検出した受電点電力又は受電点電流が予め設定された監視電力値又は監視電流値より低いときは発電機電力出力減信号をガバナに出力する工程と、ガバナが監視制御部からの発電機電力出力減信号を受けてアクチュエータに駆動信号を出力し、その駆動信号を受けたアクチュエータが蒸気供給管に設けられた蒸気加減弁を閉駆動して蒸気タービンに供給される蒸気圧又は蒸気流量を低下させて同期発電機の発電出力を低下させ、電力会社から供給される電力を増加させ、受電電力の受電点の力率の低下を防止する工程とからなるものである。
【００１０】
本発明の請求項３に係る需要設備の受電力率低下防止方法は、電力会社から配電線を介して電力が供給され、かつごみ焼却プラントから蒸気供給管を介して供給される蒸気により駆動される蒸気タービンの回転駆動で発電する同期発電機から主として電力を供給される負荷設備を有する需要設備の受電力率低下防止方法において、需要設備の同期発電機の発電電力と負荷設備の負荷設備電力との差を求める工程と、発電電力と負荷設備電力との差が予め設定された監視電力値より低いときは発電機電力出力減信号をガバナに出力する工程と、ガバナが監視制御部からの発電機電力出力減信号を受けてアクチュエータに駆動信号を出力し、その駆動信号を受けたアクチュエータが蒸気供給管に設けられた蒸気加減弁を閉駆動して蒸気タービンに供給される蒸気圧又は蒸気流量を低下させて同期発電機の発電出力を低下させ、電力会社から供給される電力を増加させ、受電電力の受電点の力率の低下を防止する工程とからなるものである。
【００１１】
本発明の請求項４に係る需要設備の受電力率低下防止装置は、電力会社から配電線を介して電力が供給され、かつごみ焼却プラントから蒸気供給管を介して供給される蒸気により駆動される蒸気タービンの回転駆動で発電する同期発電機から主として電力を供給される負荷設備を有し、受電電力が零ｋｗ近傍で推移している需要設備において、蒸気供給管に設けられ、蒸気圧又は蒸気流量を制御する蒸気加減弁と、蒸気加減弁を開閉駆動するアクチュエータと、アクチュエータを駆動信号により駆動制御するガバナと、ガバナに起動から定格までの発電機電力信号を出力する発電電力制御部と、需要設備に設けられ、電力会社から供給された受電電力の有効電力量又は有効電力を検出する受電有効電力量検出計又は受電有効電力検出計と、需要設備に設けられ、電力会社から供給された受電電力の無効電力量又は無効電力を検出する受電無効電力量検出計又は受電無効電力検出計と、受電有効電力量検出計又は受電有効電力検出計が検出した有効電力量又は有効電力と受電無効電力量検出計又は受電無効電力検出計が検出した無効電力量又は無効電力とに基づいて演算により受電点の力率を求め、その求めた力率が予め設定された監視力率値より低いときは発電機電力出力減信号をガバナに出力する監視制御部とを備えてなるものである。
【００１２】
本発明の請求項５に係る需要設備の受電力率低下防止装置は、電力会社から配電線を介して電力が供給され、かつごみ焼却プラントから蒸気供給管を介して供給される蒸気により駆動される蒸気タービンの回転駆動で発電する同期発電機から主として電力を供給される負荷設備を有し、受電電力が零ｋｗ近傍で推移している需要設備において、蒸気供給管に設けられ、蒸気圧又は蒸気流量を制御する蒸気加減弁と、蒸気加減弁を開閉駆動するアクチュエータと、アクチュエータを駆動信号により駆動制御するガバナと、ガバナに起動から定格までの発電機電力信号を出力する発電電力制御部と、需要設備に設けられ、電力会社から供給された受電電力の力率を検出する力率計と、力率計が検出した力率が予め設定された監視力率値より低いときは発電機電力出力減信号をガバナに出力する監視制御部とを備えてなるものである。
【００１３】
本発明の請求項６に係る需要設備の受電力率低下防止装置は、電力会社から配電線を介して電力が供給され、かつごみ焼却プラントから蒸気供給管を介して供給される蒸気により駆動される蒸気タービンの回転駆動で発電する同期発電機から主として電力を供給される負荷設備を有する需要設備において、蒸気供給管に設けられ、蒸気圧又は蒸気流量を制御する蒸気加減弁と、蒸気加減弁を開閉駆動するアクチュエータと、アクチュエータを駆動信号により駆動制御するガバナと、ガバナに起動から定格までの発電機電力信号を出力する発電電力制御部と、需要設備に設けられ、電力会社から供給された受電電力又は逆送電力を検出する電力検出計と、電力検出計が検出した電力が予め設定された監視電力値より低いときは発電機電力出力減信号をガバナに出力する監視制御部とを備えてなるものである。
【００１４】
本発明の請求項７に係る需要設備の受電力率低下防止装置は、電力会社から配電線を介して電力が供給され、かつごみ焼却プラントから蒸気供給管を介して供給される蒸気により駆動される蒸気タービンの回転駆動で発電する同期発電機から主として電力を供給される負荷設備を有する需要設備において、蒸気供給管に設けられ、蒸気圧又は蒸気流量を制御する蒸気加減弁と、蒸気加減弁を開閉駆動するアクチュエータと、アクチュエータを駆動信号により駆動制御するガバナと、ガバナに起動から定格までの発電機電力信号を出力する発電電力制御部と、需要設備に設けられ、電力会社から供給された受電電流又は逆送電流を検出する電流検出計と、電流検出計が検出した電流が予め設定された監視電流値より低いときは発電機電力出力減信号をガバナに出力する監視制御部とを備えてなるものである。
【００１５】
本発明の請求項８に係る需要設備の受電力率低下防止装置は、電力会社から配電線を介して電力が供給され、かつごみ焼却プラントから蒸気供給管を介して供給される蒸気により駆動される蒸気タービンの回転駆動で発電する同期発電機から主として電力を供給される負荷設備を有する需要設備において、蒸気供給管に設けられ、蒸気圧又は蒸気流量を制御する蒸気加減弁と、蒸気加減弁を開閉駆動するアクチュエータと、アクチュエータを駆動信号により駆動制御するガバナと、ガバナに起動から定格までの発電機電力信号を出力する発電電力制御部と、需要設備に設けられ、同期発電機の発電電力を検出する発電電力検出計と、需要設備に設けられ、負荷設備の負荷設備電力を検出する負荷設備電力検出計と、発電電力検出計が検出した発電電力と負荷設備電力検出計が検出した負荷設備電力との差を求め、その差の絶対値が予め設定された監視電力値より低いときは発電機電力出力減信号をガバナに出力する監視制御部とを備えてなるものである。
【００１６】
本発明の請求項９に係る受電設備の受電力率低下防止装置は、前記監視制御部が発電機電力出力減信号を出力すると共に受電点力率異常注意信号を出力し、その受電点力率異常注意信号を受けて受電点力率異常注意警報表示を行う警報表示装置を備えたものである。
【００１７】
【発明の実施の形態】
実施の形態１．
図１は本発明の実施形態１〜４に係る受電設備の受電力率低下防止装置の構成を示すブロック図である。
図において、１は電力会社、２はごみ焼却プラントの発電設備を有する需要設備、３は電力会社１の配電線、４は配電線３に接続された需要設備１の受電電路、５は配電線３と受電電路４の接続点でもある受電点、６は受電電路４の途中で受電点５側に設けられ、電力会社１から供給される電力の有効電力量と無効電力量を検出する電力会社用ＰＣＴ、７は電力会社用ＰＣＴ６が検出した有効電力量と無効電力量とから演算により平均力率を求める取引用計量器である。
【００１８】
１０は受電電路４に接続された需要設備２の負荷設備、１１は受電電路４に分岐線１２を介して接続された同期発電機、１３は同期発電機１１を回転駆動する蒸気タービン、１４は同期発電機１１と蒸気タービン１３との間に設けられた減速装置、１５は図示しないごみ焼却炉の熱により発生した蒸気を蒸気タービン１３に供給する蒸気供給管、１６は蒸気タービン１３からの蒸気を排出する蒸気排出管、１７は蒸気供給管１５の途中に設けられた蒸気加減弁、１８は蒸気加減弁１７を開閉させるアクチュエータ、１９はアクチュエータ１８を駆動するガバナ、２０はガバナ１９を制御する発電電力制御部である。
【００１９】
２１は受電電路４の途中に設けられ、電力会社１から供給される受電電力の平均力率を求める現場計器、２２は現場計器２１が求めた平均力率に基づいて同期発電機１１の出力を調整するためにガバナ１９に指令を出力する監視制御部、２３は力率の低下を表示する警報表示装置である。
この実施の形態１では、現場計器２１として受電有効電力量を検出する有効電力量検出計と受電無効電力量を検出する無効電力量検出計が用いられている。
【００２０】
次に、本発明の実施の形態１の需要設備の受電力率低下防止装置の動作について説明する。
需要設備２の同期発電機１１で発電された電力は、負荷設備１０に供給され、同期発電機１１の発電電力が負荷設備１０で消費する電力より多い場合はその余剰分は電力会社１へ逆送される。
また、同期発電機１１の発電電力が、蒸気タービン１３に供給される蒸気量がごみ焼却炉で燃焼されるごみの量が少なくなって減少したり、或いは負荷設備１０の負荷が増大して負荷設備１０で消費する電力より少ない場合には、電力会社１から電力の供給を受ける買電状態となり、受電電力は零ｋｗ近傍で推移することとなる。
かかる買電状態は電力会社から電気料金を徴収されることから、できるだけ力率改善された状態になるように需要設備では運転することとなる。
【００２１】
ところで、例えばごみ焼却プラントの発電設備を有する需要設備２で受電電力は零ｋｗ近傍で推移している場合に、設備負荷１０であるごみを焼却炉へ投入するごみクレーンがごみピットよりごみをつかみ上げると、負荷が急激に増大し、それに伴い無効電力も急激に増大し、需要設備２の受電点の力率が８５％以下に低下してしまうことがある。
そこで、この需要設備２では、現場計器２１である有効電力量検出計が有効電力量を検出すると共に無効電力量検出計が無効電力量を検出し、これらの検出値を監視制御部２２に入力し、監視制御部２２では有効電力量検出計が検出した有効電力量と無効電力量検出計が検出した無効電力量とに基づいて次式により演算して力率を求め、その求めた力率が予め設定記憶された監視力率、例えば８５％以下かどうかを判定する。
【００２２】
【数２】

【００２３】
この場合、監視制御部２２では例えば１０分の間、継続して演算により求めた力率が８５％以下のときにガバナ１９に対して発電機出力電力減信号を出力すると共に警報表示装置２３に対して受電点力率異常注意信号を出力する。
その発電機出力電力減信号を受けたガバナ１９はアクチュエータ１８を駆動させて蒸気加減弁１７を閉じ、蒸気供給管１５から蒸気タービン１３に供給される蒸気量を減少させ、蒸気タービン１３の出力エネルギーを減少させ、同期発電機１４の発電電力を減少させる。
また、その受電点力率異常注意信号を受けた警報表示装置２３は受電点力率異常注意警報表示を行う。
【００２４】
同期発電機１４の発電電力を減少させる程度は力率が例えば９５％になるまで行うものとする。このように、同期発電機１４の発電電力を減少させると力率が上昇するのは同期発電機１４の発電電力の減少に伴い電力会社１から供給される買電電力が増加することにより、有効電力量が増加し、無効電力量に対する有効電力量の比率が大きくなるからである。
このようにして力率が低下するのを防止すれば、買電しても電力会社１に余計な割増料金を支払わなくても済むことになる。
なお、上記説明では監視制御部２２は例えば１０分の間、継続して演算により求めた力率が例えば８５％以下の場合にガバナ１９に対して発電機出力電力減信号を出力すると共に警報表示装置２３に対して受電点力率異常注意信号を出力するようにしている。
また、この実施の形態１では監視制御部２２で有効電力量検出計が検出した有効電力量と無効電力量検出計が検出した無効電力量とに基づいて演算により力率を求めているが、有効電力検出計が検出した有効電力と無効電力検出計が検出した無効電力とに基づいて演算により力率を求めるようにしてもよいことは勿論である。
【００２５】
実施の形態２．
この実施の形態２は現場計器２１として実施の形態１と異なり受電点の力率を検出する受電点力率計を用いているものである。
この実施の形態２では、現場計器２１である受電点力率計が実施の形態１と異なり直接力率を検出するので、監視制御部２２では直ちに受電点力率計が求めた力率が予め設定記憶された監視力率、例えば８５％以下かどうかを判定する。
この場合、監視制御部２２では例えば１０分の間、継続して演算により求めた力率が例えば８５％以下の場合にガバナ１９に対して発電機出力電力減信号を出力すると共に警報表示装置２３に対して受電点力率異常注意信号を出力する。
【００２６】
その発電機出力電力減信号を受けたガバナ１９はアクチュエータ１８を駆動させて蒸気加減弁１７を閉じ、蒸気供給管１５から蒸気タービン１３に供給される蒸気量を減少させ、蒸気タービン１３の出力エネルギーを減少させ、同期発電機１４の発電電力を減少させる。
また、その受電点力率異常注意信号を受けた警報表示装置２３は受電点力率異常注意警報表示を行う。
このようにして力率が低下するのを防止すれば、買電しても電力会社１に余計な割増料金を支払わなくても済むことになる。
【００２７】
実施の形態３．
この実施の形態３は現場計器２１として実施の形態１と異なり受電点の受電電力を検出する受電電力検出計を用いているものである。
また、監視電力値、例えば１０ｋｗが設定値として記憶されている。この監視電力値は電力会社１から受電、即ち買電することになる。この１０ｋｗの受電を受電電力零近傍の受電状態という。
この受電電力零近傍の受電状態の場合に、ごみ焼却プラントの発電設備を有する受電設備２で設備負荷１０であるごみを焼却炉へ投入するごみクレーンがごみピットよりごみをつかみ上げると、負荷が急激に増大し、それに伴い無効電力も急激に増大し、受電設備２の受電点の力率が８５％以下に低下してしまうことになるからである。
【００２８】
そこで、この需要設備２では、受電電力を受電電力検出計で検出し、この検出値を監視制御部２２に入力し、監視制御部２２では受電電力検出計が検出した受電電力が予め設定した監視電力値、例えば１０ｋｗ以下かどうかを判定する。
この場合、監視制御部２２では例えば１０分の間、継続して受電電力検出計の受電電力が予め設定した監視電力値１０ｋｗ以下のときにガバナ１９に対して発電機出力電力減信号を出力すると共に警報表示装置２３に対して受電点力率異常注意信号を出力する。
【００２９】
その発電機出力電力減信号を受けたガバナ１９はアクチュエータ１８を駆動させて蒸気加減弁１７を閉じ、蒸気供給管１５から蒸気タービン１３に供給される蒸気量を減少させ、蒸気タービン１３の出力エネルギーを減少させ、同期発電機１４の発電電力量を減少させる。
また、その受電点力率異常信号を受けた警報表示装置２３は受電点力率異常注意警報表示を行う。
同期発電機１４の発電電力を減少させる程度は受電電力検出計の受電電力量が１５ｋｗとなるまで行うものとする。その受電電力検出計の受電電力が１５ｋｗであれば、力率も８５％以上となる。
このようにして力率が８５％以下になるのを防止すれば、買電しても電力会社１に余計な割増料金を支払わなくても済むことになる。
なお、上記説明では監視制御部２２は例えば１０分の間の受電電力検出計又は受電電力量検出計の受電電力又は受電電力量の積算値と監視値を比較するようにしてもよいことは勿論である。
【００３０】
なお、受電電力計は受電電力を検出するものであるが、同期発電機１１から電力会社１に逆送している場合は電流の向きが異なるだけであるので、受電電力検出計が逆送電力検出計として働くことになる。
この場合にも逆送電力が少ないときには負荷が急激に増大し、それに伴い無効電力も急激に増大し、需要設備２の受電点の力率が８５％以下に低下してしまうことになるから、逆送電力量と監視電力量を比較し、逆送電力量が監視電力量以下となった場合に、監視制御部２２はガバナ１９に対して受電点力率異常注意信号を出力する。
【００３１】
実施の形態４．
この実施の形態４は現場計器２１として実施の形態１と異なり受電点の受電電流を検出する受電電流検出計を用いているものである。
また、監視電流値、例えば１０Ａが設定値として記憶されている。この監視電流値の１０Ａは電力会社１から受電、即ち買電している値であり、この１０Ａのに所定の電圧を掛けて求めた電力値は受電電力が零ｋｗ近傍の受電状態である。この受電電力が零ｋｗ近傍の受電状態の場合に、ごみ焼却プラントの発電設備を有する受電設備２で設備負荷１０であるごみを焼却炉へ投入するごみクレーンがごみピットよりごみをつかみ上げると、負荷が急激に増大し、それに伴い無効電力も急激に増大し、受電設備２の受電点の力率が８５％以下に低下してしまうことになるからである。
【００３２】
そこで、この受電設備２では、受電電流を受電電流検出計計で検出し、この検出値を監視制御部２２に入力し、監視制御部２２では受電電流検出計が検出した受電電流が予め設定した監視電流値、例えば１０Ａ以下かどうかを判定する。
この場合、監視制御部２２では例えば１０分の間、継続して受電電流検出計の受電電流が予め設定した監視電流値１０Ａ以下のときにガバナ１９に対して発電機出力電力減信号を出力すると共に警報表示装置２３に対して受電点力率異常注意信号を出力する。
【００３３】
その発電機出力電力減信号を受けたガバナ１９はアクチュエータ１８を駆動させて蒸気加減弁１７を閉じ、蒸気供給管１５から蒸気タービン１３に供給される蒸気量を減少させ、蒸気タービン１３の出力エネルギーを減少させ、同期発電機１４の発電電力量を減少させる。
また、その受電点力率異常信号を受けた警報表示装置２３は受電点力率異常注意警報表示を行う。
同期発電機１４の発電電力量を減少させる程度は受電電流検出計の受電電流が１５Ａとなるまで行うものとする。その受電電流が１５Ａであれば、力率も８５％以上となる。
このようにして力率が低下するのを防止すれば、買電しても電力会社１に余計な割増料金を支払わなくても済むことになる。
【００３４】
なお、受電電流計は受電電流を検出するものであるが、同期発電機１１から電力会社１に逆送している場合は電流の向きが異なるだけであるので、受電電流検出計が逆送電流検出計として働くことになる。
この場合にも逆送電流が少ないときには負荷が急激に増大し、それに伴い無効電力も急激に増大し、受電設備２の受電点の力率が８５％以下に低下してしまうことになるから、逆送電流と監視電流値を比較し、逆送電流が監視電流値以下となった場合に、監視制御部２２はガバナ１９に対して発電機出力電力減信号を出力すると共に警報表示装置２３に対して受電点力率異常注意信号を出力する。
【００３５】
実施の形態５．
図２は本発明の実施の形態４に係る需要設備の受電力率低下防止装置の構成を示すブロック図である。
図２において、図１の本発明の実施の形態１に係る需要設備の受電力率低下防止装置と実質的に同一の構成は同一符号を付して重複した構成の説明を省略する。
２５は同期発電機１１の発電電力を検出し、その検出値を監視制御部２２に出力する発電電力検出計、２６は負荷設備１０の負荷設備電力を検出し、その検出値を監視制御部に出力する負荷設備電力検出計である。
【００３６】
また、監視制御部２２には監視電力値、例えば１０ｋｗが設定値として記憶されている。この監視電力値は例えば同期発電機１１の発電電力が１００ｋｗとし、負荷設備電力が１１０ｋｗとした場合、１０ｋｗが足りないために、その１０ｋｗを電力会社から受電、即ち買電することになる。この１０ｋｗの受電を充電電力が零ｋｗ近傍の受電状態という。
この受電電力が零ｋｗ近傍の受電状態の場合に、ごみ焼却プラントの発電設備を有する需要設備２で設備負荷１０であるごみを焼却炉へ投入するごみクレーンがごみピットよりゴミをつかみ上げると、負荷が空隙に増大し、それに伴い無効電力も急激に増大し、需要設備２の受電点の力率が８５％以下に低下してしまうことになるからである。
【００３７】
そこで、この需要設備２では、同期発電機１１の発電電力を発電電力検出計２５で検出し、この検出値を監視制御部２２に入力している。また、負荷設備１０の負荷設備電力を負荷設備電力検出計２６で検出し、この検出値を監視制御部２２に入力し、監視制御部２２では発電電力検出計２５が検出した発電電力と負荷設備電力検出計２６で検出した負荷設備電力との差を求め、その差の絶対値と予め設定した監視電力値、例えば１０ｋｗ以下かどうかを判定する。
この場合、監視制御部２２では例えば１０分の間、継続して発電電力検出計２５の発電電力と負荷設備電力検出計２６で検出した負荷設備電力との差の絶対値が予め設定した監視電力値１０ｋｗ以下のときにガバナ１９に対しては発電機出力電力減信号を出力すると共に警報表示装置２３に対して受電点力率異常注意信号を出力する。
【００３８】
その発電機出力電力減信号を受けたガバナ１９はアクチュエータ１８を駆動させて蒸気加減弁１７を閉じ、蒸気供給管１５から蒸気タービン１３に供給される蒸気量を減少させ、蒸気タービン１３の出力エネルギーを減少させ、同期発電機１４の発電電力を減少させる。
また、その受電点力率異常注意信号を受けた警報表示装置２３は受電点力率異常警報表示を行う。
同期発電機１４の発電電力を減少させる程度は発電電力検出計２５の発電電力と負荷設備電力検出計２６で検出した負荷設備電力との差の絶対値が１５ｋｗとなるまで行うものとする。その絶対値が１５ｋｗであれば、力率も８５％異常となる。
このようにして力率が低下するのを防止すれば、買電しても電力会社１に余計な割増料金を支払わなくても済むことになる。
【００３９】
なお、上記説明では監視制御部２２は例えば１０分の間の発電電力検出計２５の発電電力と負荷設備電力検出計２６の負荷設備電力との差の絶対値の積算値と監視値を比較するようにしてもよいことは勿論である。
また、負荷設備１０の負荷設備電力が決まっている場合には、負荷設備電力を運転予測値として監視制御部２２に予め記憶設定させておけば、負荷設備電力検出計２６が無くても、監視制御部２２では発電電力検出計２５が検出した発電電力と予め設定された運転予測値の負荷設備電力との差を求め、その差の絶対値が予め設定した監視電力値、例えば１０ｋｗ以下かどうかを判定することができることとなる。
【００４０】
【発明の効果】
以上のように本発明によれば、電力会社から配電線を介して電力が供給され、かつごみ焼却プラントから蒸気供給管を介して供給される蒸気により駆動される蒸気タービンの回転駆動で発電する同期発電機から主として電力を供給される負荷設備を有する需要設備の受電電力が零ＫＷ近傍で推移している場合において、電力会社から供給された受電電力の受電点力率を検出し、監視制御部が検出した受電電力の受電点力率が予め設定された監視力率値より低いときは発電機電力出力減信号をガバナに出力し、ガバナが監視制御部からの発電機電力出力減信号を受けてアクチュエータに駆動信号を出力し、その駆動信号を受けたアクチュエータが蒸気供給管に設けられた蒸気加減弁を閉駆動して蒸気タービンに供給される蒸気圧又は蒸気流量を低下させて同期発電機の発電出力を低下させ、電力会社から供給される電力を増加させ、受電電力の受電点の力率の低下を防止するようにしたので、力率割増しを防止する効果がある。
【００４１】
また、電力会社から供給された受電電力の受電点電力又は受電点電流を検出し、監視制御部が検出した受電点電力又は受電点電流が予め設定された監視電力値又は監視電流値より低いときは発電機電力出力減信号をガバナに出力し、ガバナが監視制御部からの発電機電力出力減信号を受けてアクチュエータに駆動信号を出力し、その駆動信号を受けたアクチュエータが蒸気供給管に設けられた蒸気加減弁を閉駆動して蒸気タービンに供給される蒸気圧又は蒸気流量を低下させて同期発電機の発電出力を低下させ、電力会社から供給される電力を増加させ、受電電力の受電点の力率の低下を防止するようにしたので、力率割増しを防止する効果がある。
【００４２】
さらに、需要設備の同期発電機の発電電力と負荷設備の負荷設備電力との差を求め、その差が予め設定された監視電力値より低いときは発電機電力出力減信号をガバナに出力し、ガバナが監視制御部からの発電機電力出力減信号を受けてアクチュエータに駆動信号を出力し、その駆動信号を受けたアクチュエータが蒸気供給管に設けられた蒸気加減弁を閉駆動して蒸気タービンに供給される蒸気圧又は蒸気流量を低下させて同期発電機の発電出力を低下させ、電力会社から供給される電力を増加させ、受電電力の受電点の力率の低下を防止するようにしたので、力率割増しを防止する効果がある。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】図１は本発明の実施の形態１〜４に係る需要設備の受電力率低下防止装置の構成を示すブロック図である。
【図２】図２は本発明の実施の形態５に係る需要設備の受電力率低下防止装置の構成を示すブロック図である。
【符号の説明】
１電力会社
２需要設備
３配電線
４受電電路
５受電点
７取引用計量器
１０負荷設備
１１同期発電機
１２分岐線
１３蒸気タービン
１５蒸気供給管
１７蒸気加減弁
１８アクチュエータ
１９ガバナ
２０発電電力制御部
２１現場計器
２２監視制御部
２３警報表示装置[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for preventing a reduction in power reception rate of a demand facility having a power generation facility, for example, in a garbage incineration plant, and more particularly to a method for improving the power factor of a demand facility.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Generally, in a demand facility having a power generation facility in a waste incineration plant or the like, the load used is mostly an inductive load that causes a delay power factor, so that the power factor is lowered at a power receiving point.
Such a decrease in power factor increases power loss and requires extra reactive power.
In addition, if you have a power receiving contract with an electric power company, there is an agreement on electricity tariffs to keep the power factor at 85% or more in principle, and every time the power factor exceeds 1% or less than 85%, the monthly basics The price is to be discounted or increased by 1%.
The average power factor calculation for power factor discounts and surcharges is determined by the following formula according to the “Electricity Supply Rules”.
[0003]
[Expression 1]

[0004]
Therefore, since the power factor of the electric power used in such demand facilities has a great adverse effect on the power rate and others, it is necessary to improve the power factor.
Various methods have been taken to improve the power factor of the power receiving point of such demand facilities.
For example, there is a method in which a phase-advancing capacitor facility is installed and reactive power is controlled by a power generation facility (synchronous generator).
There are many cases where these two methods are taken in demand facilities having power generation facilities of a garbage incineration plant.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, because the fuel of the steam turbine that turns the generator of the demand equipment like a garbage incineration plant is garbage, for example, there is little garbage as a whole, or the garbage incinerator that burns garbage does not operate due to maintenance or failure, etc. The power generation capacity of the generator may be lower than the rating, and the received power from the power company may be in the vicinity of zero kW due to the balance between the power generated by the generator and the grid power of the power company.
When the received power from such an electric power company is close to zero kW, the amount of active power from the electric power company is small, and the waste crane that throws in the incinerator, for example, the waste that is the equipment load of the demand equipment, is garbage from the waste pit. As the load increases rapidly, the reactive power also increases abruptly and the power factor at the power receiving point of the demand facility decreases.
[0006]
When the power factor at the power receiving point of the power receiving equipment decreases due to a sudden increase in reactive power near zero kW, the power generated by the generator is less than the rated power. The power factor improvement control by the machine cannot respond immediately, so the power factor at the receiving point of the power receiving facility continues to decline, so the power factor discount for the electric power company cannot be received and the power factor will be increased There was a point.
[0007]
The present invention has been made to solve such problems. The demand facility cannot send power back to the grid side, and the power received from the power company is near zero kW. It is an object of the present invention to provide an apparatus for preventing a decrease in power reception rate of a power reception facility that can prevent a decrease in average power factor and maintain and improve a state where a power factor discount can be received.
[0008]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
According to claim 1 of the present invention, a method for preventing a reduction in power reception rate of a demand facility is driven by steam supplied from an electric power company via a distribution line and supplied from a waste incineration plant via a steam supply pipe. Received power received from an electric power company when the received power of a demand facility having a load facility that is mainly supplied with power from a synchronous generator that generates power by rotating the steam turbine is in the vicinity of zero KW A step of detecting a point power factor, a step of outputting a generator power output reduction signal to the governor when the power point power factor of the received power detected by the monitoring control unit is lower than a preset monitoring power factor value, and a governor Receives the generator power output reduction signal from the monitoring control unit and outputs a drive signal to the actuator, and the actuator receiving the drive signal drives the steam control valve provided in the steam supply pipe to close. Vapor pressure to be supplied to the gas turbine reduces the power output of the synchronous generator to lower the steam flow rate, Increase the power supplied by the power company, And a step of preventing a decrease in power factor at the receiving point of the received power.
[0009]
According to claim 2 of the present invention, there is provided a method for preventing a reduction in power reception rate of a demand facility, which is driven by steam supplied from an electric power company via a distribution line and supplied from a waste incineration plant via a steam supply pipe. It has a load facility that is mainly supplied with power from a synchronous generator that generates power by rotating the steam turbine. In the method for preventing the reduction of the power reception rate of demand equipment, When the receiving point power or the receiving point current of the received power supplied from the electric power company is detected, and when the receiving point power or the receiving point current detected by the monitoring control unit is lower than a preset monitoring power value or monitoring current value The generator outputs the generator power output reduction signal to the governor, and the governor receives the generator power output reduction signal from the monitoring controller and outputs the drive signal to the actuator. The actuator that receives the drive signal receives the steam supply pipe. The steam control valve provided in the closed drive is closed to reduce the steam pressure or steam flow supplied to the steam turbine to reduce the power generation output of the synchronous generator, Increase the power supplied by the power company, And a step of preventing a decrease in power factor at the receiving point of the received power.
[0010]
According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for preventing a reduction in power reception rate of a demand facility, which is driven by steam supplied from an electric power company via a distribution line and supplied from a waste incineration plant via a steam supply pipe. It has a load facility that is mainly supplied with power from a synchronous generator that generates power by rotating the steam turbine. In the method for preventing the reduction of the power reception rate of demand equipment, If the difference between the generated power of the synchronous generator of the demand facility and the load facility power of the load facility and the difference between the generated power and the load facility power is lower than the preset monitoring power value, the generator power output is reduced. The process of outputting a signal to the governor, and the governor outputs a generator power output reduction signal from the monitoring control unit and outputs a drive signal to the actuator, and the actuator receiving the drive signal has a steam control pipe provided in the steam supply pipe. Drive the valve closed to reduce the steam pressure or steam flow supplied to the steam turbine to reduce the power output of the synchronous generator, Increase the power supplied by the power company, And a step of preventing a decrease in power factor at the receiving point of the received power.
[0011]
According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a power receiving rate reduction preventing apparatus for a demand facility which is driven by steam supplied from an electric power company via a distribution line and supplied from a waste incineration plant via a steam supply pipe. Demand equipment that has a load facility that is mainly supplied with power from a synchronous generator that generates power by rotating the steam turbine, and the received power is in the vicinity of zero kW In , A steam control valve for controlling the steam pressure or flow rate, an actuator for opening and closing the steam control valve, a governor for driving and controlling the actuator by a drive signal, and power generation from start to rating in the governor. A generated power control unit that outputs a mechanical power signal; a received active power detector or a received active power detector that is provided in a demand facility and detects an active power amount or active power of a received power supplied from an electric power company; Receiving reactive power detector or receiving reactive power detector, and a receiving active power detector or receiving active power detector that detect reactive power or reactive power of received power supplied from an electric power company, installed in a demand facility Receiving point by calculation based on the active power or active power detected by the power and the reactive power or reactive power detected by the reactive power detector or the reactive power detector Determined power factor, when the determined power factor is lower than a preset monitored power factor value is made and a monitoring control unit for outputting a generator power output down signal to the governor.
[0012]
According to claim 5 of the present invention, the power receiving rate reduction preventing apparatus for demand equipment is driven by steam supplied from an electric power company via a distribution line and supplied from a waste incineration plant via a steam supply pipe. Demand equipment that has a load facility that is mainly supplied with power from a synchronous generator that generates power by rotating the steam turbine, and the received power is in the vicinity of zero kW In A steam control valve for controlling the steam pressure or flow rate, an actuator for opening and closing the steam control valve, a governor for driving and controlling the actuator by a drive signal, and power generation from start to rating in the governor. The power generation control unit that outputs the machine power signal, the power factor that is installed in the demand facility and detects the power factor of the received power supplied from the power company, and the power factor detected by the power factor meter are preset. When the power factor value is lower than the monitoring power factor value, a monitoring control unit that outputs a generator power output reduction signal to the governor is provided.
[0013]
According to claim 6 of the present invention, the power receiving rate reduction preventing apparatus for demand equipment is driven by steam supplied from an electric power company via a distribution line and supplied from a waste incineration plant via a steam supply pipe. Load equipment that is mainly supplied with power from a synchronous generator that generates power by rotating the steam turbine Have Demand equipment In , A steam control valve for controlling the steam pressure or flow rate, an actuator for opening and closing the steam control valve, a governor for driving and controlling the actuator by a drive signal, and power generation from start to rating in the governor. The power generation control unit that outputs the machine power signal, the power detector that is provided in the demand facility and detects the received power or the reverse power supplied from the power company, and the power detected by the power detector are preset. And a monitoring control unit that outputs a generator power output reduction signal to the governor when it is lower than the monitoring power value.
[0014]
According to claim 7 of the present invention, the power receiving rate reduction preventing apparatus for demand equipment is driven by steam supplied from an electric power company via a distribution line and supplied from a waste incineration plant via a steam supply pipe. Load equipment that is mainly supplied with power from a synchronous generator that generates power by rotating the steam turbine Have Demand equipment In , A steam control valve for controlling the steam pressure or flow rate, an actuator for opening and closing the steam control valve, a governor for driving and controlling the actuator by a drive signal, and power generation from start to rating in the governor. The power generation control unit that outputs the machine power signal, the current detector that is provided in the demand facility and detects the received current or the reverse current supplied from the power company, and the current detected by the current detector are preset. And a monitoring control unit that outputs a generator power output reduction signal to the governor when the monitoring current value is lower than the monitoring current value.
[0015]
An apparatus for preventing a decrease in power reception rate of a demand facility according to claim 8 of the present invention is driven by steam supplied from an electric power company via a distribution line and supplied from a waste incineration plant via a steam supply pipe. Load equipment that is mainly supplied with power from a synchronous generator that generates power by rotating the steam turbine Have Demand equipment In , A steam control valve for controlling the steam pressure or flow rate, an actuator for opening and closing the steam control valve, a governor for driving and controlling the actuator by a drive signal, and power generation from start to rating in the governor. The generated power control unit that outputs the machine power signal, the generated power detector that is provided in the demand facility and detects the generated power of the synchronous generator, and the load facility that is provided in the demand facility and detects the load facility power of the load facility Find the difference between the power detector and the generated power detected by the generated power detector and the load power detected by the load facility power detector. If the absolute value of the difference is lower than the preset monitored power value, power is generated. And a monitoring control unit that outputs a machine power output reduction signal to the governor.
[0016]
According to claim 9 of the present invention, in the power reception facility lowering prevention device according to claim 9 of the present invention, the monitoring control unit outputs a generator power output decrease signal and outputs a power reception point power factor abnormality warning signal, and the power reception point power factor. It is provided with an alarm display device that receives an abnormal caution signal and displays a power receiving point power factor abnormal caution alarm.
[0017]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Embodiment 1 FIG.
FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a power reception rate lowering prevention apparatus for a power receiving facility according to Embodiments 1 to 4 of the present invention.
In the figure, 1 is a power company, 2 is a demand facility having power generation facilities of a waste incineration plant, 3 is a distribution line of the power company 1, 4 is a power receiving circuit of the demand facility 1 connected to the

distribution line

3, and 5 is a distribution line A power receiving point 6 that is also a connection point between 3 and the power receiving circuit 4, and 6 is a power company that is provided on the power receiving point 5 side in the power receiving circuit 4 and detects the active power amount and reactive power amount of power supplied from the power company 1. PCT, 7 is a trading measuring instrument that calculates an average power factor from the active power amount and reactive power amount detected by the power company PCT6.
[0018]
10 is a load facility of the demand facility 2 connected to the power receiving path 4, 11 is a synchronous generator connected to the power receiving path 4 via the

branch line

12, 13 is a steam turbine that rotationally drives the

synchronous generator

11, and 14 is A speed reducer provided between the synchronous generator 11 and the steam turbine 13, a steam supply pipe 15 for supplying steam generated by the heat of a waste incinerator (not shown) to the steam turbine 13, and 16 a steam from the steam turbine 13 A steam discharge pipe 17 for discharging the steam, 17 is a steam control valve provided in the middle of the steam supply pipe 15, 18 is an actuator for opening and closing the

steam control valve

17, 19 is a governor for driving the actuator 18, and 20 is for controlling the governor 19. A generated power control unit.
[0019]
21 is an on-site meter provided in the middle of the power receiving path 4 for obtaining the average power factor of the received power supplied from the

electric power company

1, and 22 is an output of the synchronous generator 11 based on the average power factor obtained by the on-site meter 21. A monitoring control unit 23 that outputs a command to the governor 19 for adjustment, and 23 is an alarm display device that displays a decrease in power factor.
In the first embodiment, an active power amount detector that detects a received active power amount and a reactive power amount detector that detects a received reactive power amount are used as the field instrument 21.
[0020]
Next, operation | movement of the power reception rate fall prevention apparatus of the demand facility of Embodiment 1 of this invention is demonstrated.
The power generated by the synchronous generator 11 of the demand facility 2 is supplied to the load facility 10, and when the generated power of the synchronous generator 11 is larger than the power consumed by the load facility 10, the surplus is reversed to the power company 1. Sent.
Further, the generated power of the synchronous generator 11 is reduced because the amount of steam supplied to the steam turbine 13 decreases as the amount of waste burned in the waste incinerator decreases or the load of the load facility 10 increases. When it is less than the power consumed by the facility 10, the power supply is received from the electric power company 1, and the received power changes in the vicinity of zero kw.
In such a power purchase state, an electricity bill is collected from the electric power company, so that the demand facility is operated so that the power factor is improved as much as possible.
[0021]
By the way, for example, when the received power is in the vicinity of zero kw in the demand facility 2 having the power generation facility of the waste incineration plant, the waste crane that throws in the incinerator the waste that is the equipment load 10 grabs the waste from the waste pit. If it raises, load will increase rapidly and reactive power will also increase rapidly in connection with it, and the power factor of the receiving point of demand equipment 2 may fall to 85% or less.
Therefore, in this demand facility 2, the active energy detector that is the on-site instrument 21 detects the active energy, and the reactive energy detector detects the reactive energy, and these detected values are input to the monitoring control unit 22. Then, the monitor control unit 22 calculates the power factor by the following equation based on the active power detected by the active power detector and the reactive power detected by the reactive power detector, and the calculated power factor. Is a monitoring power factor set and stored in advance, for example, 85% or less.
[0022]
[Expression 2]

[0023]
In this case, the monitoring control unit 22 outputs a generator output power reduction signal to the governor 19 when the power factor obtained by calculation continuously is 85% or less for 10 minutes, for example, and also to the alarm display device 23. In response, a power point power factor abnormality warning signal is output.
The governor 19 that has received the generator output power reduction signal drives the actuator 18 to close the steam control valve 17 to reduce the amount of steam supplied from the steam supply pipe 15 to the steam turbine 13, and the output energy of the steam turbine 13. And the generated power of the synchronous generator 14 is reduced.
The alarm display device 23 that has received the power receiving point power factor abnormality warning signal displays a power receiving point power factor abnormality warning warning.
[0024]
It is assumed that the power generated by the synchronous generator 14 is reduced until the power factor reaches 95%, for example. As described above, the power factor increases when the generated power of the synchronous generator 14 is decreased. This is because the purchased power supplied from the power company 1 increases as the generated power of the synchronous generator 14 decreases. This is because the amount of power increases and the ratio of the active power amount to the reactive power amount increases.
If the power factor is prevented from decreasing in this way, it is not necessary to pay an extra premium to the power company 1 even if the power is purchased.
In the above description, the monitoring control unit 22 outputs a generator output power reduction signal to the governor 19 and displays an alarm when the power factor continuously calculated for 10 minutes is, for example, 85% or less. A power receiving point power factor abnormality warning signal is output to the device 23.
In the first embodiment, the power factor is obtained by calculation based on the active power detected by the active power detector and the reactive power detected by the reactive power detector in the monitoring control unit 22. Of course, the power factor may be obtained by calculation based on the active power detected by the active power detector and the reactive power detected by the reactive power detector.
[0025]
Embodiment 2. FIG.
In the second embodiment, unlike the first embodiment, a power receiving point power factor meter that detects the power factor of a power receiving point is used as the field instrument 21.
In the second embodiment, since the power receiving point power factor meter which is the on-site meter 21 directly detects the power factor unlike the first embodiment, the power factor obtained by the power receiving point power factor meter is determined in advance in the monitoring control unit 22 in advance. It is determined whether or not the set monitoring power factor is, for example, 85% or less.
In this case, the monitoring control unit 22 outputs a generator output power reduction signal to the governor 19 and outputs an alarm display device 23 when the power factor continuously calculated for 10 minutes is, for example, 85% or less. A power receiving point power factor abnormality warning signal is output.
[0026]
The governor 19 that has received the generator output power reduction signal drives the actuator 18 to close the steam control valve 17 to reduce the amount of steam supplied from the steam supply pipe 15 to the steam turbine 13, and the output energy of the steam turbine 13. And the generated power of the synchronous generator 14 is reduced.
The alarm display device 23 that has received the power receiving point power factor abnormality warning signal displays a power receiving point power factor abnormality warning warning.
If the power factor is prevented from decreasing in this way, it is not necessary to pay an extra premium to the power company 1 even if the power is purchased.
[0027]
Embodiment 3 FIG.
In this third embodiment, unlike the first embodiment, a received power detector that detects the received power at a power receiving point is used as the on-site meter 21.
In addition, a monitoring power value, for example, 10 kW is stored as a setting value. This monitored power value is received from the power company 1, that is, purchased. This 10 kW power reception is referred to as a power reception state near zero power reception.
In the power receiving state in the vicinity of zero received power, if the garbage crane that throws in the incinerator the waste that is the equipment load 10 in the power receiving equipment 2 having the power generation equipment of the waste incineration plant picks up the waste from the waste pit, the load is increased. This is because the reactive power also increases abruptly, and the power factor at the power receiving point of the power receiving facility 2 decreases to 85% or less.
[0028]
Therefore, in this demand facility 2, the received power is detected by the received power detector, and this detected value is input to the monitoring control unit 22, and the monitoring control unit 22 monitors the received power detected by the received power detector in advance. It is determined whether the power value is, for example, 10 kW or less.
In this case, the monitoring control unit 22 continuously outputs a generator output power reduction signal to the governor 19 when the received power of the received power detector is 10 kw or less that has been set in advance for 10 minutes, for example. At the same time, a power receiving point power factor abnormality warning signal is output to the alarm display device 23.
[0029]
The governor 19 that has received the generator output power reduction signal drives the actuator 18 to close the steam control valve 17 to reduce the amount of steam supplied from the steam supply pipe 15 to the steam turbine 13, and the output energy of the steam turbine 13. And the amount of power generated by the synchronous generator 14 is reduced.
The alarm display device 23 that has received the power reception point power factor abnormality signal displays a power reception point power factor abnormality warning warning.
It is assumed that the amount of power generated by the synchronous generator 14 is reduced until the amount of power received by the received power detector reaches 15 kW. If the received power of the received power detector is 15 kW, the power factor is 85% or more.
If the power factor is prevented from becoming 85% or less in this way, it is not necessary to pay an extra premium to the power company 1 even if the power is purchased.
In the above description, for example, the monitoring control unit 22 may compare the monitored value with the received power or the integrated value of the received power amount of the received power detector or the received power amount detector for 10 minutes, for example. It is.
[0030]
The received power meter detects the received power. However, when the reverse power is sent from the synchronous generator 11 to the power company 1, only the direction of the current is different. It will work as a detector.
Even in this case, when the reverse transmission power is small, the load increases rapidly, and accordingly, the reactive power also increases rapidly, and the power factor of the power receiving point of the demand facility 2 is reduced to 85% or less. The reverse transmission power amount is compared with the monitoring power amount, and when the reverse transmission power amount is equal to or less than the monitoring power amount, the monitoring control unit 22 outputs a power receiving point power factor abnormality warning signal to the governor 19.
[0031]
Embodiment 4 FIG.
In the fourth embodiment, unlike the first embodiment, a power reception current detector that detects a power reception current at a power reception point is used as the field instrument 21.
Further, a monitoring current value, for example, 10 A is stored as a set value. The monitoring current value 10A is a value that is received, that is, purchased, from the electric power company 1. The power value obtained by multiplying the 10A by a predetermined voltage is a receiving state where the received power is near zero kW. When the received power is in a power receiving state in the vicinity of 0 kW, when the garbage crane that throws in the incinerator the waste that is the equipment load 10 in the power receiving equipment 2 having the power generation equipment of the waste incineration plant, This is because the load increases rapidly, and the reactive power also increases rapidly, and the power factor at the power receiving point of the power receiving facility 2 decreases to 85% or less.
[0032]
Therefore, in the power receiving facility 2, the received current is detected by the received current detector meter, and the detected value is input to the monitoring control unit 22. In the monitoring control unit 22, the received current detected by the received current detector is set in advance. It is determined whether or not the monitored current value is, for example, 10 A or less.
In this case, for example, the monitoring control unit 22 continuously outputs a generator output power reduction signal to the governor 19 when the receiving current of the receiving current detector is equal to or less than a preset monitoring current value 10A for 10 minutes. At the same time, a power receiving point power factor abnormality warning signal is output to the alarm display device 23.
[0033]
The governor 19 that has received the generator output power reduction signal drives the actuator 18 to close the steam control valve 17 to reduce the amount of steam supplied from the steam supply pipe 15 to the steam turbine 13, and the output energy of the steam turbine 13. And the amount of power generated by the synchronous generator 14 is reduced.
The alarm display device 23 that has received the power reception point power factor abnormality signal displays a power reception point power factor abnormality warning warning.
It is assumed that the amount of power generated by the synchronous generator 14 is reduced until the received current of the received current detector reaches 15A. If the received current is 15 A, the power factor is 85% or more.
If the power factor is prevented from decreasing in this way, it is not necessary to pay an extra premium to the power company 1 even if the power is purchased.
[0034]
The receiving ammeter detects the receiving current. However, when the reverse current is sent from the synchronous generator 11 to the power company 1, only the direction of the current is different. It will work as a detector.
Even in this case, when the reverse current is small, the load increases rapidly, and accordingly, the reactive power also increases abruptly, and the power factor of the power receiving point of the power receiving facility 2 is reduced to 85% or less. When the reverse current and the monitored current value are compared, and the reverse current is less than or equal to the monitored current value, the monitoring control unit 22 outputs a generator output power reduction signal to the governor 19 and also displays the alarm display device 23. In response, a power point power factor abnormality warning signal is output.
[0035]
Embodiment 5. FIG.
FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a power reception rate reduction preventing apparatus for demand facilities according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention.
In FIG. 2, the substantially same configuration as that of the demand facility power reception rate lowering prevention apparatus according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention in FIG. 1 is assigned the same reference numeral, and the description of the overlapping configuration is omitted.
Reference numeral 25 denotes a generated power detector that detects the generated power of the synchronous generator 11 and outputs the detected value to the

monitoring control unit

22, and 26 detects the load facility power of the load facility 10, and uses the detected value as the monitoring control unit. It is a load facility power detector that outputs.
[0036]
The monitoring control unit 22 stores a monitoring power value, for example, 10 kW as a setting value. For example, when the generated power of the synchronous generator 11 is 100 kW and the load facility power is 110 kW, the monitored power value is 10 kW, so that 10 kW is received from the power company, that is, purchased. This 10 kW power reception is referred to as a power reception state where the charging power is near zero kW.
When the received power is in a power receiving state in the vicinity of 0 kW, when the garbage crane that throws in the incinerator the garbage that is the equipment load 10 in the demand equipment 2 having the power generation equipment of the waste incineration plant, This is because the load increases to the air gap, and the reactive power also increases abruptly, and the power factor at the power receiving point of the demand facility 2 decreases to 85% or less.
[0037]
Therefore, in the demand facility 2, the generated power of the synchronous generator 11 is detected by the generated power detector 25, and this detected value is input to the monitoring control unit 22. The load facility power of the load facility 10 is detected by the load facility power detector 26, and the detected value is input to the monitor control unit 22. The monitor control unit 22 detects the generated power detected by the generated power detector 25 and the load facility. The difference between the load facility power detected by the power detector 26 is obtained, and it is determined whether or not the absolute value of the difference and a preset monitoring power value, for example, 10 kW or less.
In this case, the monitoring control unit 22 continuously monitors, for example, for 10 minutes, the absolute value of the difference between the generated power of the generated power detector 25 and the load facility power detected by the load facility power detector 26 is set in advance. When the value is 10 kw or less, the generator output power reduction signal is output to the governor 19 and the power receiving point power factor abnormality caution signal is output to the alarm display device 23.
[0038]
The governor 19 that has received the generator output power reduction signal drives the actuator 18 to close the steam control valve 17 to reduce the amount of steam supplied from the steam supply pipe 15 to the steam turbine 13, and the output energy of the steam turbine 13. And the generated power of the synchronous generator 14 is reduced.
The alarm display device 23 that has received the power reception point power factor abnormality warning signal displays a power reception point power factor abnormality alarm.
It is assumed that the generated power of the synchronous generator 14 is reduced until the absolute value of the difference between the generated power of the generated power detector 25 and the load facility power detected by the load facility power detector 26 becomes 15 kW. If the absolute value is 15 kw, the power factor is also 85% abnormal.
If the power factor is prevented from decreasing in this way, it is not necessary to pay an extra premium to the power company 1 even if the power is purchased.
[0039]
In the above description, the monitoring control unit 22 compares the monitoring value with the integrated value of the absolute value of the difference between the generated power of the generated power detector 25 and the load facility power of the load facility power detector 26 for 10 minutes, for example. Of course, you may do it.
In addition, when the load facility power of the load facility 10 is determined, if the load facility power is stored in the monitoring control unit 22 in advance as an operation predicted value, the monitoring can be performed even if the load facility power detector 26 is not provided. The control unit 22 obtains a difference between the generated power detected by the generated power detector 25 and the load facility power having a preset operation predicted value, and whether the absolute value of the difference is a preset monitor power value, for example, 10 kW or less. Can be determined.
[0040]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, electric power is supplied from an electric power company via a distribution line, and power is generated by the rotational drive of a steam turbine driven by steam supplied from a waste incineration plant via a steam supply pipe. When the received power of a demand facility with a load facility that is mainly supplied with power from a synchronous generator is in the vicinity of zero KW, the power reception point power factor of the received power supplied from the power company is detected and monitored and controlled When the power reception point power factor of the received power detected by the control unit is lower than the preset monitoring power factor value, the generator power output decrease signal is output to the governor, and the governor outputs the generator power output decrease signal from the monitoring control unit. In response, the actuator outputs a drive signal to the actuator, and the actuator that receives the drive signal drives the steam control valve provided in the steam supply pipe to close and controls the steam pressure or steam flow supplied to the steam turbine. Reducing the power output of the synchronous generator so made, Increase the power supplied by the power company, Since the power factor at the power receiving point of the received power is prevented from being lowered, the power factor is prevented from being increased.
[0041]
In addition, when the receiving point power or the receiving point current of the received power supplied from the power company is detected, and the receiving point power or the receiving point current detected by the monitoring control unit is lower than the preset monitoring power value or monitoring current value Outputs a generator power output reduction signal to the governor, the governor receives the generator power output reduction signal from the monitoring control unit and outputs a drive signal to the actuator, and the actuator receiving the drive signal is provided in the steam supply pipe Lowering the generated pressure of the synchronous generator by lowering the steam pressure or the flow rate of steam supplied to the steam turbine by driving the closed steam control valve. Increase the power supplied by the power company, Since the power factor at the power receiving point of the received power is prevented from being lowered, the power factor is prevented from being increased.
[0042]
Furthermore, the difference between the generated power of the synchronous generator of the demand facility and the load facility power of the load facility is obtained, and when the difference is lower than the preset monitoring power value, the generator power output reduction signal is output to the governor, The governor receives the generator power output reduction signal from the monitoring control unit and outputs a drive signal to the actuator, and the actuator that receives the drive signal drives the steam control valve provided in the steam supply pipe to close to the steam turbine. Decreasing the power output of the synchronous generator by reducing the supplied steam pressure or flow rate, Increase the power supplied by the power company, Since the power factor at the power receiving point of the received power is prevented from being lowered, the power factor is prevented from being increased.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a power reception rate lowering prevention apparatus for a demand facility according to Embodiments 1 to 4 of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a power reception rate lowering prevention apparatus for a demand facility according to Embodiment 5 of the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 Electric power company
2 Demand equipment
3 Distribution lines
4 Power receiving circuit
5 Power receiving point
7 Trading scales
10 Load equipment
11 Synchronous generator
12 branch line
13 Steam turbine
15 Steam supply pipe
17 Steam control valve
18 Actuator
19 Governor
20 Generated power control unit
21 Field instruments
22 Monitoring control unit
23 Alarm display device

Claims

Power is supplied from a power company through a distribution line, and is supplied mainly from a synchronous generator that generates power by rotating a steam turbine driven by steam supplied from a waste incineration plant through a steam supply pipe. In the case where the received power of the demand equipment with the load equipment is moving around zero KW,
Detecting a power reception point power factor of received power supplied from an electric power company;
A step of outputting a generator power output decrease signal to the governor when the power reception point power factor of the received power detected by the monitoring control unit is lower than a preset monitoring power factor value;
The governor receives the generator power output reduction signal from the monitoring control unit and outputs a drive signal to the actuator, and the actuator that receives the drive signal drives the steam control valve provided in the steam supply pipe to close to the steam turbine. It consists of the steps of reducing the steam pressure or steam flow to be supplied to lower the power output of the synchronous generator , increasing the power supplied from the power company , and preventing the power factor at the receiving point of the received power from being lowered. A method for preventing a reduction in the power reception rate of demand equipment.

Power is supplied from a power company through a distribution line, and is supplied mainly from a synchronous generator that generates power by rotating a steam turbine driven by steam supplied from a waste incineration plant through a steam supply pipe. In a method for preventing a reduction in power reception rate of demand equipment having load equipment ,
Detecting a receiving point power or a receiving point current of the received power supplied from an electric power company;
When the power receiving point power or power receiving point current detected by the monitoring control unit is lower than a preset monitoring power value or monitoring current value, outputting a generator power output decrease signal to the governor;
The governor receives the generator power output reduction signal from the monitoring control unit and outputs a drive signal to the actuator, and the actuator that receives the drive signal drives the steam control valve provided in the steam supply pipe to close to the steam turbine. It consists of the steps of reducing the steam pressure or steam flow to be supplied to lower the power output of the synchronous generator , increasing the power supplied from the power company , and preventing the power factor at the receiving point of the received power from being lowered. A method for preventing a reduction in the power reception rate of demand equipment.

Power is supplied from a power company through a distribution line, and is supplied mainly from a synchronous generator that generates power by rotating a steam turbine driven by steam supplied from a waste incineration plant through a steam supply pipe. In a method for preventing a reduction in power reception rate of demand equipment having load equipment ,
Determining the difference between the power generated by the synchronous generator of the demand facility and the load facility power of the load facility;
A step of outputting a generator power output reduction signal to the governor when the difference between the generated power and the load facility power is lower than a preset monitoring power value;
The governor receives the generator power output reduction signal from the monitoring control unit and outputs a drive signal to the actuator, and the actuator that receives the drive signal drives the steam control valve provided in the steam supply pipe to close to the steam turbine. It consists of the steps of reducing the steam pressure or steam flow to be supplied to lower the power output of the synchronous generator , increasing the power supplied from the power company , and preventing the power factor at the receiving point of the received power from being lowered. A method for preventing a reduction in the power reception rate of demand equipment.

Power is supplied from a power company through a distribution line, and is supplied mainly from a synchronous generator that generates power by rotating a steam turbine driven by steam supplied from a waste incineration plant through a steam supply pipe. has a load facility, the demand equipment received power has remained at zero kw vicinity,
A steam control valve which is provided in the steam supply pipe and controls the steam pressure or the flow rate of the steam;
An actuator for opening and closing the steam control valve;
A governor for driving and controlling the actuator by a drive signal;
A generated power control unit that outputs a generator power signal from startup to rating to the governor;
A power receiving active power detector or a power receiving active power detector, which is provided in a demand facility and detects the active power amount or active power of the received power supplied from the power company;
Receiving reactive power amount detector or receiving reactive power detector for detecting reactive power amount or reactive power of the received power supplied from the power company provided in the demand facility,
Receiving power by calculation based on the active power amount or active power detected by the received active power amount detector or the received active power detector and the reactive power amount or reactive power detected by the received reactive power detector or received reactive power detector A monitoring control unit that calculates a power factor of a point and outputs a generator power output reduction signal to a governor when the calculated power factor is lower than a preset monitoring power factor value. Equipment for reducing power reception rate of equipment.

Power is supplied from a power company through a distribution line, and is supplied mainly from a synchronous generator that generates power by rotating a steam turbine driven by steam supplied from a waste incineration plant through a steam supply pipe. has a load facility, the demand equipment received power has remained at zero kw vicinity,
A steam control valve which is provided in the steam supply pipe and controls the steam pressure or the flow rate of the steam;
An actuator for opening and closing the steam control valve;
A governor for driving and controlling the actuator by a drive signal;
A generated power control unit that outputs a generator power signal from startup to rating to the governor;
A power factor meter that is installed in the demand facility and detects the power factor of the received power supplied from the power company;
And a monitoring control unit that outputs a generator power output reduction signal to the governor when the power factor detected by the power factor meter is lower than a preset monitoring power factor value. Rate reduction prevention device.

Power is supplied from a power company through a distribution line, and is supplied mainly from a synchronous generator that generates power by rotating a steam turbine driven by steam supplied from a waste incineration plant through a steam supply pipe. in demand facility with a load equipment,
A steam control valve which is provided in the steam supply pipe and controls the steam pressure or the flow rate of the steam;
An actuator for opening and closing the steam control valve;
A governor for driving and controlling the actuator by a drive signal;
A generated power control unit that outputs a generator power signal from startup to rating to the governor;
A power detector that is installed in a demand facility and detects received power or reverse power supplied from an electric power company;
A power reception rate reduction of a demand facility characterized by comprising a monitoring control unit that outputs a generator power output reduction signal to a governor when the power detected by the power detector is lower than a preset monitoring power value Prevention device.

Power is supplied from a power company through a distribution line, and is supplied mainly from a synchronous generator that generates power by rotating a steam turbine driven by steam supplied from a waste incineration plant through a steam supply pipe. in demand facility with a load equipment,
A steam control valve which is provided in the steam supply pipe and controls the steam pressure or the flow rate of the steam;
An actuator for opening and closing the steam control valve;
A governor for driving and controlling the actuator by a drive signal;
A generated power control unit that outputs a generator power signal from startup to rating to the governor;
A current detector that is installed in the demand facility and detects a received current or a reverse current supplied from an electric power company;
And a monitoring control unit that outputs a generator power output reduction signal to the governor when the current detected by the current detector is lower than a preset monitoring current value. Prevention device.

Power is supplied from a power company through a distribution line, and is supplied mainly from a synchronous generator that generates power by rotating a steam turbine driven by steam supplied from a waste incineration plant through a steam supply pipe. in demand facility with a load equipment,
A steam control valve which is provided in the steam supply pipe and controls the steam pressure or the flow rate of the steam;
An actuator for opening and closing the steam control valve;
A governor for driving and controlling the actuator by a drive signal;
A generated power control unit that outputs a generator power signal from startup to rating to the governor;
A generated power detector that is installed in the demand facility and detects the generated power of the synchronous generator;
A load facility power detector provided in the demand facility for detecting the load facility power of the load facility;
Obtain the difference between the generated power detected by the generated power detector and the load installed power detected by the load facility power detector. If the absolute value of the difference is lower than the preset monitored power value, the generator power output decrease signal And a supervisory control unit that outputs the power to the governor.

The monitoring control unit outputs a generator power output decrease signal and outputs a power reception point power factor abnormality warning signal, and receives the power reception point power factor abnormality warning signal to display a power reception point power factor abnormality warning warning An apparatus for preventing a reduction in power reception rate of a demand facility according to any one of claims 4 to 8.