JP3762924B2 - Heat storage mat with reinforcement - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an improvement in a mat-like heat storage body that is mainly used in a floor heating device by being laminated with a heating element.

  As a room temperature control means, direct heating such as oil stove was used in the past, but it is gradually shunned because combustion gas is generated in a room with good sealing like a recent house, and it is replaced by an air conditioner. I came. Air conditioners are usually installed on a wall near the ceiling and eject temperature-controlled air into the room. During cooling in the summer, air with high specific gravity is blown into the room and circulated. It is possible to cool the main part. On the other hand, there is a problem during heating in winter.

  That is, even if air heated from the air conditioner is blown into the room, the specific gravity is light, so that it mainly stays in the ceiling and cannot reach the vicinity of the floor where people live, and the heating effect is extremely poor. There is a drawback. In addition, since the air conditioner disturbs the air in the room, there is a problem that the air is polluted by being scattered in the room with fine dust accumulated on the upper surface of a shelf or furniture that is difficult to clean. Further, since the heated air stays in the ceiling portion, the thermal efficiency is lowered accordingly.

  Thus, a floor heating apparatus for heating the floor surface has been used in order to solve an essential problem of an air conditioner. This floor heating device is classified into a hot water heating type and an electric heating type. In the hot water type, for example, a heat insulating material is laid on a concrete floor surface, and the surface of the heat insulating material meanders in a hollow formed. A hot water pipe is inserted, and heat is generated linearly along the hot water pipe. In the case of the electric heating type, an electric heating cable is arranged in place of the hot water pipe, but a sheet (band) heating element is laid.

  In the case of the hot water type, dirt gradually adheres to the inner surface of the hot water pipe, so the heat transfer effect gradually decreases, and since heat is applied from the surface of the hot water pipe, the heat generating part is narrow and heats linearly Therefore, local heating is likely to occur. Moreover, since the temperature of the hot water is the highest at the inlet and travels through the pipe and decreases due to heat dissipation, there is a problem that a temperature difference tends to occur along the hot water pipe. In addition, there is a problem that durability is short because hot water boilers and scales in the hot water pipe are generated and the flow becomes poor.

  In the case of an electric heating cable, the same amount of heat is dissipated in the length direction, so there is an advantage that a temperature difference does not occur in the length direction. bad. On the other hand, in the case of a floor heating device using a planar heating element, it is possible to obtain a sufficient amount of heat even in low temperature heat generation because the heat transfer area that gives heat to the floor plate side is wide. .

  As mentioned above, in the case of floor heaters using hot water pipes or electric cables as the heat source, the heat transfer area is narrow and it is difficult to generate sufficient heat, so the heat generation temperature is inevitably set high. However, when the temperature rises, chemical gas is generated from the floor structure and floor finish, causing sick house syndrome that changes in physical condition. In this regard, in the case of a planar heating element, since the heat transfer area is large, heating at a much lower temperature than the former is sufficient, and it is possible to prevent such a symptom from occurring at a considerable rate. .

  In many cases, floor heaters heat concrete floors and store heat while they are used for a long time, and heat the room while dissipating the heat, but this heat storage is not sufficient. In many cases, it is difficult to stably maintain the temperature at a predetermined temperature. Therefore, since the floor surface temperature is set higher, there is a disadvantage that the power charge is higher than that of hot water heating. It is difficult to avoid problems.

  As is well known, since night electricity is cheaper than daytime electricity charges, recently, a method of using this night electricity has been studied. In order to efficiently use this nighttime power, a heat storage body composed of a latent heat type heat storage material composition is placed on the floor structure, and heat is stored in this heat storage material composition at night. A method has been proposed in which the necessary amount of heat is released by additional heating while avoiding the use of as much as possible.

  As a specific structure thereof, for example, a planar heating element and a heat storage element are embedded in a slab having a thickness of 80 mm or 120 mm or more. As the heat storage material composition, sodium sulfate decahydrate (Na2 SO4 .10H2 O) or sodium acetate is used (for example, see Patent Document 1).

As this heat storage body, a plurality of aluminum pipes or synthetic resin pipes arranged in parallel and connected at both ends with similar pipes to form a lattice or frame as a whole (for example, see Patent Document 2). ).
JP-A-7-133936 Japanese Patent No. 2571595

  As described in Patent Documents 1 and 2, a structure in which an aluminum pipe or the like is assembled in a frame shape and filled with a heat storage material composition has a relatively strong structure and is self-supporting. Installation is relatively easy. In addition, in the case of floor heaters using hot water pipes and electric heating cables, there is a considerable distance between the meandering hot water pipes and electric heating cables, so this is a flexible heat storage material such as sausage. It is possible to arrange even.

  Recently, a construction of a floor heating device that is easy to construct and repair has been proposed. An example of this will be described. For example, as shown in FIG. 10, a synthetic resin foam sheet is placed on a slab 1 of a basic structure of a house. The heat insulating layer 2, the planar heating element 3, and the heat storage element 4 are sequentially laminated, and the floor board 5 is laid thereon to form the floor heating device 6.

  The floor heating device 6 requires assembling work. As shown in FIG. 11, the floor heating device 6 and the upper box 7 a are formed by performing a simple work such as placing a heat insulating layer on the floor board. A heat insulating layer 2a, a planar heating element 3a, and a heat storage body 4a are accommodated in a flat case 7c composed of a box 7b in a laminated state, and the flat case 7c is closed to form a heat storage type heating member 8. In addition, the heat storage type heat generating member 8 of this structure has the characteristic which can aim at safety as zero electric potential as the whole floor heating apparatus by connecting between the adjacent flat cases 7c with a ground wire.

  As described above, when the large and plate-like heat storage type heat generating member 8 is used to form the floor heating device, the heat storage body 4a is disposed at a place close to the floor plate 5. Therefore, when walking on the floor board 5 in the floor heating apparatus using this heat storage body 4a, it is necessary not to give a sense of incongruity that is distorted as "fluffy" or "bumpy", and for that reason, a certain thickness It is preferably a flat sheet or mat. As the heat storage material a used for such an application, a latent heat type heat storage material is filled in an outer bag made of a synthetic resin sheet and sealed.

  In addition, when storing heat in this heat storage body, it becomes liquid above the melting point while absorbing latent heat by electric heating such as nighttime electric power, and the heat storage material composition releases latent heat in the daytime floor heating process and releases the melting point. When the temperature drops below, it changes to a solid phase.

  That is, in the process of assembling the heat storage body, in many cases, the heat storage material composition is changed into a solid phase, as if it were a piece of concrete that is easily broken. Therefore, since this heat storage material composition is solid at normal temperature, when the heat storage material composition is filled in the outer bag, the heat storage material composition must be heated to the melting point or higher to be in a liquid state. .

  By the way, when a floor heating apparatus is incorporated in a floor structure, when the heat source uses a hot water pipe or an electric heating cable, it is disposed next to or above the heat source. In many cases, in this assembling work, the heat storage material composition is in a solid state as described above. Therefore, when the heat storage material composition filled in the liquid state heated in the outer bag as described above is solidified in a free state, the width is unnecessarily widened depending on how the outer bag is placed, or It will be narrowed. It is difficult to place a hardened piece in a predetermined width in a groove of a predetermined width, and conversely, if it is hardened in a narrowed state, the thickness is increased, so place it in a groove. Although it is easy to form, if the mortar layer is formed thereon, the thickness is not constant, which also affects the temperature of the floor board surface.

  As shown in FIG. 10, the heat storage body 4 is disposed in a portion close to the floor board 5, or as shown in FIG. 11, the heat storage body incorporated in the heat storage type heat generating member 8 having a flat case 7c made of a thin aluminum plate as an outer box. As 4 and 4a, it is necessary to be in the shape of a plate or mat having a considerable dimensional accuracy.

  For example, in the case of the heat storage type heating member 8 shown in FIG. 11, the thickness is 30 to 35 mm, the width is 240 to 250 mm, the length is 1200 and 1800 mm, and the thickness of the heat storage material 4 accommodated therein is It is about 23-25 mm.

  Even if the heat storage material composition of the thin plate-like or mat-like heat storage element 4a is in a solid state, it is thin and fragile, so that it is easy to be deformed as a crack occurs during handling. Therefore, the handling at the time of incorporating in a floor heating apparatus or the heat storage type heat generating member 8 is difficult. As a matter of course, when this heat storage material composition is in a molten state, the pressure resistance is almost lost, and there is no supporting force for the floor plate 5 constituting the floor heating device, so a large flat plate heat storage type heating member. 8 cannot be incorporated into the floor structure.

  Further, in the floor structure as shown in FIG. 10, there is a problem that a separate member for supporting the load acting on the floor plate 5 must be provided. Further, in the case of FIG. 11, the load acting on the upper box 7b is supported. A member to be used is necessary.

  In addition, a sausage-like heat storage body filled with a liquid heat storage material composition and packed in a flexible outer bag is housed inside a case in which a plurality of partitions are formed, and the strength as a member of the floor structure is increased. A heating regenerator is proposed in, for example, Japanese Patent Publication No. 8-27007. However, in this heat accumulator, the heat accumulator is formed in a sausage shape, and must be assembled and accommodated in the gap between the partition plates of the main body. Therefore, the heat accumulator is formed in a thin plate shape or a mat shape. It is not possible. Therefore, it is not possible to obtain a floor heating device having a sufficiently large amount of heat storage and a thin plate-like or mat-like heat storage body.

  The present invention is a constituent member of a thin heat storage type heat generating member, and provides a heat storage type heat generating member having pressure resistance, and also provides a heat storage body in which the heat storage type heat generating member can be easily assembled. It is an object of the present invention to provide a heat storage body that can be installed in the vicinity of the floor and can reliably support the floor plate from below, that is, a mat body with a reinforcing material.

  The heat storage mat-like body with a reinforcing material according to the present invention for achieving the above object is configured as follows.

1) An outer bag, a reinforcing body housed in the outer bag, and a heat storage material composition. The outer bag is made of a sheet made of a flexible corrosion-resistant material, and the reinforcing body is spaced apart. A grid-like frame member formed by connecting a plurality of vertical members made of synthetic resin with a plurality of cross members, and a large number of small holes placed and fixed on the upper surface of the frame member The heat storage material composition is a latent heat storage material that changes phase to liquid or solid at a predetermined temperature.

2) The reinforcing body has a shape in which turf leaves are planted in a circular arc shape on a substrate, and the upper inner surface of the outer bag is held at the tip of the turf leaves .

  Thus, the heat storage mat-like body is held in a predetermined shape by forming the heat storage mat-like body in which the reinforcing material that gives pressure resistance to the outer bag and the latent heat storage material composition are enclosed in the outer bag. Therefore, it can be easily arranged inside the floor structure or the heat storage type heat generating member. In addition, since the heat storage mat-like body has a built-in reinforcing material acting as an aggregate, it has a pressure resistance necessary for the floor structure. Therefore, even if it is placed near the floorboard, even if people, furniture, etc. get on the floorboard, the floorboard will not be deformed, fluffy, and will not feel bumpy, and heavy objects can be borne. .

  Next, a mat-shaped heat accumulator with a reinforcing material according to the present invention and a reinforcing material used therefor will be described with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 1 (A) is a perspective view of a reinforcing member 10 for supporting an outer bag, in which a plurality of vertical members 10a using synthetic resin pipes are arranged at intervals, and a space between them is arranged. It is connected to the cross member 10b to form a frame shape. The outer diameters of the pipes constituting the vertical members 10a and the horizontal members 10b substantially correspond to the thickness of the mat-shaped heat accumulator.

  FIG. 1B is a perspective view of a reinforcing member 11 using a synthetic resin molded body having a cross-sectional shape similar to that of a die steel used as a structural material of a building, and includes a longitudinal member 11a having a channel-type cross section. The vertical members 11b having an H-shaped cross section are arranged at intervals, and these are connected by a cross member 11c having an L-shaped cross section. The thickness of the vertical members 11a and 11b is formed to be approximately the same as the thickness of the mat-shaped heat accumulator, and the upper surface of the horizontal member 11c is made to coincide with the upper surfaces of the vertical members 11a and 11b as much as possible. It has the surface which can support the inner surface of the outer bag mentioned later.

  In the case of the reinforcing members 10 and 11 using the pipe or mold steel-like molded body shown in FIGS. 1A and 1B, integral molding is often difficult unless a special mold is used. The cost tends to be high. The reinforcing material which solves this is shown in FIG. The reinforcing member 12 is assembled by a plate-like lower member 12a and a channel-like upper member 12b, and these members can be integrally formed by injection molding.

  The lower member 12a is plate-shaped, has an appropriate size and shape, and has a large number of holes 12c for allowing heat storage material composition filled in the outer bag to pass therethrough to promote heat transfer. A receiving hole 12e for receiving a protrusion 12d formed on the side plate of the upper member 12b is opened.

  Further, both side portions of the upper member 12b are formed to have an L-shaped cross section, and a central portion is formed to be T-shaped so as to give strength to bear a load acting on the upper member 12b. These members are formed by extrusion, and holes are machined as necessary. Both members 12a and 12b are assembled and welded as necessary.

  FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the reinforcing member 10 depicted in FIG. 1 and a porous plate 10d that bears a load placed on the upper surface thereof, and this porous plate 10d is welded or fitted to the reinforcing body 10. The reinforcing material 10A that is fixed by, for example, and supports the outer bag flatly is formed. The reinforcing material 10A is completely inserted into the outer bag 14 described below, and is supported from the inner surface of the outer bag 14 with a predetermined strength.

  FIG. 4 shows a cross-sectional view of a state in which the reinforcing member 13 having a large number of holes formed by integrally molding or assembling a plurality of molded members is inserted into the outer bag 14. A large number of small holes 15b having various shapes are opened so as to efficiently transfer heat from the heating element (usually a planar heating element) disposed on the lower surface to the other surface or to flow the heat storage material. It has a front plate 15a and a lower plate.

  The outer bag 14 has heat resistance, insulating properties, heat transfer properties, corrosion resistance, pressure resistance, and gas permeability resistance properties. Since there are few things, it is constituted by laminating thin sheets or films. Specifically, a sheet made of a PE / EVA mixture having a heat resistance and insulation of 700 to 1000 microns, particularly 850 microns, is used as the inner surface layer. Further, as the intermediate layer, an aluminum foil of 10 to 15 microns, particularly 12 microns is used for providing thermal conductivity, gas barrier properties and shielding properties.

  A composite resin sheet having a composite structure is formed by adhering a plurality of layers of nylon film of 10 to 20 microns, particularly 15 microns, having a predetermined printing on the back surface as an upper surface layer, with an adhesive. Then, as shown in FIG. 5, the outer bag 14 is formed by laminating both edges of the two synthetic resin sheets 14a and 14b having the above-described structure and bonding them together at a heat seal portion 14c.

  FIG. 6 shows a modification of the reinforcing member 14 shown in FIG. 4. The reinforcing member 15 has a plurality of rib pillars 15c on the inner surface of a surface plate 15a made of a synthetic resin sheet having a large number of holes 15b. It is formed by integral molding in the longitudinal direction.

  Each of the reinforcing members has a surface or a portion that supports the outer bag 14 from the inside, whereby the outer bag 14 can be held from the inner surface side and formed into a thin plate shape.

  FIG. 7 shows a synthetic resin filament 16f (for example, a filament having a thickness of 2 to 5 mm, preferably about 3 mm, a bristle) formed by spirally joining the intersections of the filaments 16f, or artificially. The pressure-receiving plates 16a and 16b are arranged on both surfaces of a reinforcing material 16 made of a turf-like molded body, etc., which are inserted into the outer bag 14 and filled with a heat storage material composition (not shown). The cross section of is shown. If there is sufficient pressure resistance depending on the thickness of the filament 16f and its combined state, either one or both of the pressure receiving plates 16a and 16b can be omitted.

  Any other reinforcing material can be used as long as it has a characteristic of supporting the outer bag 14 and applying a predetermined pressure resistance to the outer bag 14 while flowing without causing deterioration of the heat storage material composition. Can be adopted.

  FIG. 8 shows a reinforcing material 18 using synthetic turf made of synthetic resin used in a commercially available rooftop garden or the like, or a reinforcing material 18 using the manufacturing principle of this artificial turf is housed in the outer bag 14 and stores heat. The heat storage mat-like body 14M filled with the material composition is shown. The reinforcing member 18 is formed by integrally molding a turf leaf 18b on a substrate 18a having a large number of holes 18c, and the turf leaf 18b is formed in a circular arc shape as shown in a sectional view of FIG. The inner surface of the outer bag 14 can be fully supported by the tip of the turf leaf 18b.

  The reinforcing material 18 using the artificial turf has a great merit. That is, since the turf leaves 18b are present in the heat storage material composition, the heat storage material composition is in a solid state, and this means that small cracks have occurred in the solid. There is flexibility.

In addition, impurities may be mixed in the heat storage material composition or a small amount of air may be present. In this case, when the heat storage material composition is melted by heating, In many cases, they are gathered in the portion 18b, and impurities and the like are dispersed as a whole, and the heat storage mat-like body is not adversely affected.
(Latent heat type heat storage material composition)
A latent heat type heat storage agent is used in the outer bag 14.

  As this heat storage material, sodium sulfate decahydrate having a melting point of 31 to 33 ° C. (sodium sulfate: Na2 SO4 .10H2 0) is known. Further, this sodium sulfate decahydrate is added to a supercooling agent (nucleating agent). ), A heat storage material composition containing sodium borate decahydrate (boric acid, borax) can be used. The heat storage material composition comprising sodium sulfate decahydrate and sodium borate decahydrate theoretically has a latent heat of about 58 kcal / kg, and that the heat storage material composition solidifies that it is in a molten state. At the same time, a large amount of heat is released in a constant temperature region for a long time, and the floor-heated room can be kept at a comfortable temperature.

  In addition, when the heat storage material composition is repeatedly heated and melted and solidified, the latent heat decreases and gradually deteriorates to about 20 to 40 kcl / kg. Therefore, a silicon-based thickener and barium sulfate are added to the heat storage material composition. By doing, it can be set as the thing of the thermal storage characteristic excellent over the long term.

  Note that an inorganic salt of a melting point regulator (eg, NaCl, KCl, NH4Cl, NaNO3) or the like may be added to the heat storage material composition.

The latent heat-type heat storage material composition theoretically has almost one melting point and freezing point, becomes a molten state in a heat storage state heated by using nighttime electric power, and is used for floor heating. The composition gradually solidifies due to heat dissipation, and sensible heat is released in this solidified state. However, at the stage where the latent heat type heat storage material composition is solidified and releases sensible heat, the amount of heat generated is not so high. Therefore, the amount of heat generated can be increased by using a heat storage material having a large amount of sensible heat, for example, water.
(Use of multiple latent heat storage materials)
Generally, the heating temperature is adjusted to 20 to 22 ° C, and the cooling temperature is adjusted to 25 to 27 ° C. Therefore, the melting point of the latent heat storage material composition used for heating may be 31 ° C. which is 2 to 3 ° C. higher than the cooling temperature and the freezing point is about 28 ° C. In addition, there are not many examples of using the latent heat storage material composition for cooling, but if the latent heat storage material composition is used even during cooling, its melting point is 18 ° C. lower than the cooling temperature, and the freezing point is 15 A temperature of about ℃ is suitable.

  Now, in order for the floor heating apparatus to act not only for heating but also for cooling, at least two types of latent heat type heat storage material compositions are required. In the present invention, the reinforcing material and the latent heat storage material composition are sealed in one bag body. As described above, in order to use two types of latent heat storage material compositions, these are used. It must be mixed.

  As a first method of mixing, a first heat storage material composition for floor heating is put in one large bag body, and the first heat storage composition is put in a small bag body or container. The structure which puts the 2nd heat storage material composition (For example, the island scattered in the sea) put in is employ | adopted. In addition, depending on the kind of heat storage material composition, not only the two kinds but also three kinds or more can be used.

  In order to change the melting temperature and the solidification temperature of the heat storage material composition, generated paraffin is suitable as the material. Then, this generated paraffin is formed into a microcapsule having an outer shell that does not melt into other heat storage material compositions, and is mixed into a heat storage material composition having a melting point and a freezing point lower than that, and the melting point and the freezing point are set. There can be multiple stages.

  Further, a small sphere having a thin synthetic resin skin (such as a ping-pong ball) is formed, and a heat storage material composition enclosed therein can be used.

As described above, normal paraffin can be used as having a melting point lower than that of the heat storage material composition for heating. As this normal paraffin, a) n tetradecane (C14H)
30), b) n-pentadecane (C15H32), or c) n-hexadecane (C16H34) having a carbon number can be used.

  The normal paraffin has a melting point of 5.9 ° C. and a latent heat of fusion of 54.8 ° C. cal / g. In addition, the normal paraffin of c) has a melting point of 18.2 ° C. and a latent heat of fusion of 54.6 cal / g.

  As described above, the type of the latent heat type heat storage material composition is selected according to the room temperature to be heated, but when it is desired to release the heat of fusion in a plurality of stages, a plurality of latent heat type heat storage material compositions are used. In addition, a latent heat type heat storage material composition and a heat generation type heat storage material composition are used in combination.

  Furthermore, when the room temperature is adjusted to the heating temperature (20 to 22 ° C.) using the latent heat type heat storage material composition placed in the floor structure for floor heating, the room temperature during cooling (25 to 27 ° C.) In the case of the action, a latent heat type heat storage material composition having a characteristic of melting and solidifying at each room temperature is adopted. According to the preferred temperature control, the room temperature can be kept constant at around 22 ° C., and the electricity bill in that case is the lowest.

(A) is a perspective view of a reinforcing material that uses a pipe that is accommodated in and holds the outer bag, and (B) is a perspective view of the reinforcing material that uses a shaped steel-like formed body. It is a perspective view of a reinforcing material that can be easily injection molded. It is a cross-sectional view which shows the usage method of the reinforcing material shown in FIG. It is a cross-sectional view of a heat storage mat-like body using a reinforcing material by injection molding. It is sectional drawing which shows the state of the edge part of an outer bag. It is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a reinforcing material by extrusion molding. It is sectional drawing of the thermal storage mat-like body which used the synthetic fiber body as the reinforcing material. It is sectional drawing of a part of heat storage mat-like body using artificial grass-like reinforcement. It is the XX sectional view taken on the line in FIG. It is sectional drawing which shows the example of a floor heating apparatus. It is sectional drawing of the heat storage type heat generating member which uses a metal box.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Reinforcing material 10a Vertical material 10b Horizontal material 10d Perforated plate 10A Reinforcing material 13 Porous reinforcing material 14 Outer bag 11 Reinforcing material 11a, 11b Vertical material 11c Horizontal material 12 Reinforcing material 12a Lower member 12b Upper member 12c Hole 12d Protrusion 12e Hole 14M Thermal storage mat-like body 14a, 14b Synthetic resin sheet 14c Heat seal part 15 Reinforcing material 15a Surface plate 15b Hole 15c Rib pillar 16 Reinforcing material 16a, 16b Pressure receiving plate 18 Reinforcing material 18a Substrate 18b Turf leaf 18c Hole 1 Slab (root) 2 Heat insulation layer 3 Planar heating element 4 Heat storage element 5 Floor board 6 Floor heating device

Claims (2)

An outer bag, and a reinforcing body and a heat storage material composition housed therein,
The outer bag is composed of a sheet made of a flexible corrosion-resistant material,
The reinforcing body is
A grid-like frame member formed by connecting a plurality of vertical members made of synthetic resin with a plurality of cross members arranged at intervals, and
A flat plate material having a large number of small holes placed and fixed on the upper surface of the frame material,
The heat storage mat-like body with a reinforcing material, wherein the heat storage material composition is a latent heat storage material that changes phase to liquid or solid at a predetermined temperature. 2. The reinforcing material containing the reinforcing material according to claim 1, wherein the reinforcing body has a shape in which turf leaves are planted in an arc shape on a substrate, and an upper inner surface of the outer bag is held at a tip of the turf leaves. Thermal storage mat-like body.

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