JP3761464B2 - Packing material and underfloor ventilation structure construction method - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a packing material that forms a ventilation gap between an upper end of a foundation of a building and a base laid on the foundation, and a method for constructing an underfloor ventilation structure for underfloor ventilation using the packing material.
[0002]
[Prior art and problems to be solved by the invention]
2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, in buildings such as wooden houses, an underfloor ventilation structure in which a gap is formed between a foundation and a base and ventilation between the underfloor and the outside is achieved through the gap.
The construction method of the conventional underfloor ventilation structure is generally as shown in FIG.
That is, after the foundation mold 10 is assembled and the anchor bolts 20 for fixing the foundation are arranged at predetermined positions [FIG. 8 (a)], the concrete 40 is placed in the mold 10 [FIG. 8 (b). )] After the hardening of the concrete 40, the unevenness (tilt, unevenness, etc.) of the upper end surface thereof is adjusted by using a leveler material 50 such as leveling mortar [FIG. 8 (c)], and the mold after the leveler material 50 is hardened. The frame 10 is removed [FIG. 8 (d)].
Next, a plurality of packing materials 70 are placed on the upper end surface 60a of the completed foundation 60 with a space between the packing materials 70 [FIG. 8 (e)], and straddle the plurality of packing materials 70. A base 80 is laid on the ground. Then, the base 80 and the foundation 60 are tightly coupled via the anchor bolt 20 (FIG. 8 (f)), and the underfloor ventilation structure in which a gap S for underfloor ventilation is formed between the packing materials is completed.
This conventional construction method has a large number of processes, and it has been difficult to shorten the construction period because the adjustment of unevenness by the leveler material 50 can be performed only after the concrete 40 is hardened.
[0003]
Therefore, as a new technology that eliminates the need to adjust the unevenness of the top of the foundation with a leveler material, the present applicant places a packing material in a formwork before placing concrete, and the packing material is placed in the formwork. After placing concrete so that a part of the material protrudes upward and the remaining part is buried, a method of installing a base on the packing material was proposed (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2001-98651).
However, the proposed method has a problem that it takes time to arrange the packing material at an appropriate position. The present invention has been made based on such circumstances.
[0004]
Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to make use of a packing material that can eliminate the need for adjustment of unevenness with a leveler material, and can reduce labor and construction time associated with the construction of a subfloor ventilation structure. It is in providing the construction method of the underfloor ventilation structure.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present invention is a packing material for forming a ventilation gap between a foundation of a building and a base laid on the foundation, and includes a main body and a female screw member rotatably provided on the main body. The packing member is characterized in that the female screw member is screwed into an anchor bolt fixed in the foundation forming mold and the inclination angle with respect to the main body is adjustable. The purpose of this is achieved.
[0006]
Moreover, this invention interposes the packing material in any one of Claims 1-6 between the foundation of a building, and the foundation laid on this foundation, Between this foundation and this foundation. A method for constructing an underfloor ventilation structure for forming a gap for ventilation, the step of attaching the packing material to the anchor bolt by screwing the female screw member to the anchor bolt, and the anchor bolt for forming the building foundation A step of adjusting the inclination angle of the packing material with respect to the anchor bolt so that the packing material is horizontally arranged and fixed to the reinforcing bars disposed in the mold, and the packing material at the upper end of the formed base Providing a method for constructing an underfloor ventilation structure, comprising the steps of placing concrete in the formwork so that is fixed, and laying a base on the packing material Ri, in which to achieve the above object.
[0007]
The anchor bolt in the present invention may be any anchor bolt that can be screwed with the female thread member of the packing material, even if the thread is cut over its entire length. It may be a screw that is cut only at the part. Further, the anchor bolt may be used only for arranging and fixing the packing material without penetrating the base.
[0008]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail based on preferred embodiments.
First, an embodiment of the packing material of the present invention will be described.
A packing material 1 shown in FIGS. 1 to 6 includes a main body 2 and a female screw member 3 rotatably provided on the main body 2.
The main body 2 has a thick portion 21 on which the base 9 is placed on the upper surface thereof, and a mold abutment that protrudes from both sides of the thick portion 21 so that the tip end abuts against the inner wall surface 5A of the mold 5 Parts 22 and 22.
[0009]
The thick portion 21 has an upper surface 21a formed flat, and the shape in plan view is a rectangular shape having a side length of about 5 to 15 cm and a thickness T of about 1.5 to 5 cm. have.
[0010]
The mold frame abutting portion 22 is a portion that protrudes from both sides of the thick portion 21, and a tip portion thereof abuts against the inner wall surface 5 </ b> A of the mold frame 5. In this embodiment, the mold frame abutting portion 22 is provided. The width of the main body 2 is substantially the same as the width between the inner wall surfaces 5A and 5A of the mold 5.
[0011]
When the width of the main body 2 is substantially equal to the width between the inner wall surfaces 5A and 5A of the formwork 5, it is necessary to adjust the height of the packing material after fixing the anchor bolt. The main body 2 is prevented from rotating in conjunction with the rotation of the member 3, and the packing material 1 can be accurately placed at an appropriate position (such as a core) in the width direction of the foundation.
Further, by making the total width of the thick portion 21 and the mold contact portions 22, 22 on both sides thereof substantially the same as the width between the inner wall surfaces 5 A, 5 A of the mold 5, The portion 21 makes it possible to reduce the amount of material used for the entire packing while securing a sufficient gap between the upper end of the foundation of the building and the base laid on the foundation.
[0012]
The mold frame contact portion 22 is composed of a flat plate portion formed in a flat plate shape and a contact surface forming portion 22a provided at the tip of the flat plate portion and projecting downward. It is a thin flat plate.
The mold contact portion 22 has a plurality of openings 22b that penetrate between the upper and lower surfaces. By providing such an opening 22b, the concrete on the mold contact portion 22 moves smoothly through the opening 22b when the concrete is compacted by a vibrator or the like. It is possible to prevent inconvenience (such as an obstacle when placing a draining metal fitting) due to the residual concrete. The shape of the opening is not limited to the substantially circular shape shown in the figure, and may be an arbitrary shape such as a rectangle, a triangle, or a rhombus.
[0013]
The protrusion width W1 (see FIG. 3) of each mold contact portion 22 is 5 to 30 of the overall width W (see FIG. 3) of the main body 2 from the viewpoint of ensuring such an effect. % Is preferred.
The mold contact portion 22 is preferably provided in the lower half of the thick portion 21, and in particular, the height T1 between the upper surface of the mold contact portion 22 and the main body lower surface 21b (see FIG. 3 reference) is preferably 15 to 30% of the thickness T of the thick portion 21.
The overall width W of the main body 2 is determined as appropriate depending on how much the width between the inner wall surfaces 5A and 5A of the mold 5 is set, and the width of the thick portion depends on the dimensions of the base. It is determined appropriately.
[0014]
As shown in FIG. 3, the female screw member 3 has a substantially bobbin-shaped configuration having large-diameter portions 32 and 33 at both ends in the axial direction, and anchor bolts 4 are formed on the inner peripheral surface of the female screw member 3. A female screw portion 31 corresponding to the male screw portion is formed.
The female screw member 3 is provided in the main body 1 while being rotatably held by an angle adjusting member 23 described later. The packing material 1 can adjust the attachment position with respect to the anchor bolt 4 appropriately by rotating the female screw member 3.
[0015]
The female screw member 3 in the packing material 1 of the present invention is capable of adjusting an inclination angle with respect to the main body 2.
The packing material 1 of the present embodiment will be described in detail. As shown in FIG. 3, the main body 2 includes an angle adjusting member 23 and a fitting recess 26 that holds the angle adjusting member 23 inside. . The angle adjusting member 23 can incline the inclination of the axial center line L of the female screw member 3 from the upright state shown in FIG. 3 to an angle of about 45 degrees on both sides thereof, and a direction corresponding to the width direction of the foundation (see FIG. 2-5 (left and right direction), and is held in the fitting recess 26 so as to be slidable.
[0016]
As shown in FIGS. 3 and 6, the angle adjusting member 23 includes a free inclined body 24 that fits on the outer peripheral surface of the female screw member 3 and rotatably holds the female screw member 3, and a shaft portion of the free inclined body 24. It comprises a pair of slide bodies 25 that pivotally support 24a and hold the free inclined body 24 in a state in which the angle is variable. It is preferable that the pivotal support surface of the free inclined body 24 has a rough surface to facilitate adjustment of the angle.
The fitting recess 26 of the main body 2 has an upper opening and a lower opening that respectively open on the upper and lower surfaces of the main body 2, and on the upper and lower ends of the slide body 25 on the inner surfaces facing each other. It has a pair of ridges 21c and 21c in sliding contact.
The angle adjusting member 23 is held in the fitting recess 26 in a state in which the pair of slide bodies 25 are fitted between the ridges 21c and 21c, and the inside of the fitting recess 26 corresponds to the width direction of the foundation. It can slide in the direction (left and right direction in FIGS. 2 to 5).
The angle adjusting member 23 is inserted into the fitting recess 26 from the wide portion 21d of the lower opening, but is dropped from the fitting recess 26 by the drop preventing portion 23a (see FIG. 6) provided in the angle adjusting member 23. do not do.
[0017]
As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the thick portion 21 of the main body 2 has a plurality of box-shaped concave portions 27 that open downward, and each concave portion 27 includes the main body 2. An air vent hole 28 is formed in the upper surface 21a. The concave portion 27 increases the engagement force with the concrete and prevents the packing material 1 from being displaced after the foundation is formed, and the air vent hole 28 prevents the packing material from being displaced at the time of placing the concrete. . Furthermore, the amount of material used can be reduced by forming the recess 27.
[0018]
Next, an embodiment of a method for constructing an underfloor ventilation structure of the present invention using the above-described packing material 1 will be described with reference to FIG.
First, the packing material 1 is attached to the anchor bolt 4 by screwing the female screw member into the anchor bolt 4 (FIG. 7A).
Then, the reinforcing bars disposed in the building foundation forming mold 5 while adjusting the inclination angle of the packing material 1 with respect to the anchor bolt 4 so that the packing material 1 is horizontally disposed. It fixes to 6 [FIG.7 (b)].
For fixing the anchor bolt 4 to the reinforcing bar 6, various known fixing methods can be adopted. For example, as shown in FIG. 1, a fixing tool in which two clips capable of gripping a rod body by elasticity are coupled back to back. 7 can be used. The inclination angle of the packing material 1 may be adjusted after the anchor bolt 4 is fixed to the reinforcing bar.
[0019]
And the height position of the packing material 1 is adjusted by rotating an internal thread member as needed. The female screw member 3 in the packing material 1 described above has an upper end formed in a hexagonal shape. The female screw member 3 may be directly rotated by a rotating tool such as a hexagon wrench, or a rotation jig, for example, a lower end portion having a substantially hexagonal inner surface fitting portion to be fitted to the female screw member at the upper end portion. You may rotate using the jig | tool for rotation which has a connection part which can connect a manual or automatic rotary instrument.
[0020]
Then, concrete 8 is placed in the mold 5 so that the packing material 1 is fixed to the upper end portion of the foundation 81 to be formed (FIG. 7C). That is, at least a part of the packing material 1 is buried in a foundation 81 formed by hardening the concrete 8 so that the remaining part projects on the foundation 81.
[0021]
In the packing material 1 described above, the formwork contact portion 22 serves as a standard for the top level of the concrete to be placed and also serves as a standard for leveling the top surface of the concrete. That is, by aligning the upper surface of the concrete 8 with the height corresponding to the upper surface or the lower surface of the mold contact portion 22, a predetermined height (vertical height) is provided between the upper end surface of the foundation and the base. The ventilation gap can be easily formed.
In addition, the height H of the clearance S for underfloor ventilation formed between the upper end of the foundation 81 and the base 9 [see FIG. 7 (e)], the interval at which the packing material is disposed, and the like are not particularly limited. This is the same as a conventional underfloor ventilation structure using a packing material. The filling method and composition of the concrete 8 are also the same as the conventional method.
[0022]
If the slope of the protruding portion of the anchor bolt 4 is large after the concrete 8 has hardened completely or to some extent, the protruding portion is corrected to an upright state as necessary (see FIG. 7D). The inclination of the protruding portion can be corrected using, for example, the pipe 41 or the like.
[0023]
Then, the base 9 is laid on the packing material 1. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 7 (e), the anchor bolt 4 is passed through the through-hole formed in the base 9, and the nut 42 is screwed into the tip end portion 4 a of the anchor bolt 4 and tightened. The removal of the mold material 5 is performed at an arbitrary time after the concrete 8 is hardened.
[0024]
According to the packing material of this embodiment and the construction method of the underfloor ventilation structure using the same, the mounting surface of the base is formed by the packing material 1, so that the leveler material is not flat (inclined or It is possible to form the mounting surface of the foundation with high horizontal accuracy without adjusting the unevenness, etc., and therefore, compared with the conventional construction method of the underfloor ventilation structure that requires adjustment of unevenness The construction period can be shortened.
[0025]
Further, since the packing material 1 can be disposed in the mold frame while being held by the anchor bolt 4 and the height position thereof can be adjusted only by rotating the female screw member 3, a dedicated placement tool can be used for the arrangement of the packing material 1. Need not be prepared separately.
In addition, since the inclination angle of the female screw member 3 with respect to the main body 2 can be adjusted, as shown in FIG. 7B, the reinforcing bar 6 is located directly below the position where the anchor bolt 4 is erected (or where the packing material 1 is disposed). Even when there is, the interference with the reinforcing bars can be avoided and the packing material 1 can be accurately placed at an appropriate position.
Further, even when the reinforcing bar 6 does not exist immediately below the position where the anchor bolt 4 is erected (or where the packing material 1 is disposed), the anchor bolt 4 may be inclined with respect to the vertical direction. Even in such a case, the packing material 1 can be accurately arranged at an appropriate position.
Thereby, according to the packing material of this embodiment and the construction method of the underfloor ventilation structure using the same, the labor accompanying construction of the underfloor ventilation structure can be greatly reduced, and the construction period can be further shortened.
[0026]
Furthermore, since the female screw member 3 of the packing material 1 described above is provided so as to be movable in a direction corresponding to the width direction of the foundation, the packing material 1 is placed inside the mold 5 as shown in FIG. When arranging, the female screw member can be arranged while being slid appropriately, so that the arrangement at a predetermined position is easy, and the inclination of the protruding portion of the anchor bolt is inclined as shown in FIG. When correcting, it is possible to prevent the female screw member and its vicinity from being destroyed.
[0027]
As mentioned above, although embodiment was shown and demonstrated about each of the construction | assembly method of the packing material and underfloor ventilation structure of this invention, each invention is not restrict | limited to said embodiment and can be variously changed.
[0028]
For example, the formwork contact portion 22 is made of only a frame body instead of a plate-like body, or a plurality of rod-like bodies having the same length provided side by side on the thick portion 21. It may be. Moreover, the projecting width of the mold contact portion 22 may be different on the left and right. Further, the air vent hole 28 described above may be opened entirely or partially on the side surface of the main body 2.
[0029]
Moreover, in the construction method of the underfloor ventilation structure, after fixing the anchor bolt 4 to the reinforcing bar 6 arranged in the form for forming the building foundation, the packing material 1 can be attached to the anchor bolt 4. Further, the anchor bolt 1 may be used only for the arrangement of the packing material 1, and the upper portion of the bolt 1 may not be protruded from the upper end of the packing material.
[0030]
Moreover, the foundation may be a rising part of a solid foundation in addition to the cloth foundation. In the case of a fabric foundation, the footing portion and the rising portion may be formed at the same time, or after the footing portion forming mold 52 is installed and only the footing portion is formed first, the rising portion forming mold 51 is formed. May be provided to form the rising portion.
In addition, as a material of the packing material 1, various conventionally known materials can be used as the material of the packing material without any particular limitation, but it is preferably made of synthetic resin or synthetic rubber. Further, the shape of the packing material in a plan view can be an arbitrary shape such as a circle, an ellipse, a rectangle, and a rhombus.
[0031]
【The invention's effect】
ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to the present invention, the construction of the packing material and the underfloor ventilation structure that can eliminate the adjustment of the unevenness by the leveler material and can reduce the labor and the construction period due to the construction of the underfloor ventilation structure. A method can be provided.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a state in which a packing material according to an embodiment of the present invention is installed in a mold frame while being held by anchor bolts.
FIG. 2 is a plan view of the packing material shown in FIG.
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line XX of FIG.
FIG. 4 is a bottom view of the packing material shown in FIG.
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along line YY of FIG.
FIG. 6 is an exploded perspective view showing a female screw member and an angle adjusting member.
FIG. 7 is a schematic process diagram showing a construction method of an underfloor ventilation structure as one embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 8 is a schematic process diagram showing a conventional method for constructing an underfloor ventilation structure.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Packing material 2 Main body 21 Thick part 22 Formwork contact part 22b Opening part 23 Angle adjustment member 24 Free inclination body 25 Sliding body 26 Fitting recessed part 3 Female screw member 4 Anchor bolt 5 Formwork 5A Inner wall surface 6 of formwork 8 concrete 81 foundation 9 foundation

Claims (7)

A packing material that forms a gap for ventilation between a foundation of a building and a base laid on the foundation,
It comprises a main body and a female screw member rotatably provided on the main body. The female screw member is screwed into an anchor bolt fixed in the formwork for forming the foundation, and an inclination angle with respect to the main body is adjusted. Packing material characterized in that it is possible. The packing material according to claim 1, wherein the female screw member is provided so as to be movable in a direction corresponding to a width direction of the foundation. The packing material according to claim 1, wherein the main body has a width substantially equal to a width between inner wall surfaces of the formwork. The main body includes a thick portion on which the base is placed on an upper surface thereof, and a mold frame abutting portion that protrudes from both sides of the thick portion and a tip portion of which contacts the inner wall surface of the mold frame The packing material in any one of Claims 1-3. The packing material according to claim 4, wherein the mold contact portion has a plate shape and has an opening penetrating between the upper and lower surfaces. The main body has an angle adjusting member and a fitting recess for holding the angle adjusting member therein, and the angle adjusting member is capable of changing the inclination of the axial center line of the female screw member. The packing material according to claim 1, wherein the packing material is slidably held in the fitting recess. An air gap is formed between the foundation and the foundation by interposing the packing material according to any one of claims 1 to 6 between the foundation of the building and the foundation laid on the foundation. A method for constructing an underfloor ventilation structure,
The step of attaching the packing material to the anchor bolt by screwing the female screw member to the anchor bolt, fixing the anchor bolt to a reinforcing bar disposed in the formwork for building foundation, and the packing material A step of adjusting an inclination angle of the packing material with respect to the anchor bolt so as to be horizontally disposed, and a step of placing concrete in the mold so that the packing material is fixed to an upper end portion of a foundation to be formed. And a method for constructing an underfloor ventilation structure comprising a step of laying a base on the packing material.

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