JP3761149B2 - Weighing bucket and weighing device - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a weighing bucket that is attached to a loader such as a hydraulic excavator or a wheel loader and that can change a bucket capacity, and a weighing device that calculates and displays a loading amount.
[0002]
[Prior art]
When loading earth and sand on a truck with a loader, the truck is loaded while weighing with a bucket in order to load it so as not to exceed the weight limit when driving on public roads and the maximum load capacity of the truck. Further, in a plant or a work site where concrete is produced, in order to produce concrete by mixing cement and gravel at an appropriate ratio, these materials are mixed while being measured using a measuring bucket.
[0003]
As such a measuring bucket device, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-88607 discloses an apparatus in which an inner bucket is provided inside a bucket body, and the position of the inner bucket is adjusted by a hydraulic cylinder to change the bucket capacity. Yes.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
As described above, if a structure in which another inner bucket is stacked and rotatably mounted in the bucket body, the bucket structure becomes complicated and the manufacturing cost increases. In addition, there is a problem in that accurate measurement cannot be performed on the opening surface side of the bucket because the amount of a mountain-like portion protruding from the bucket such as earth and sand for each excavation by the bucket varies. In addition, when loading a predetermined loading amount exceeding the bucket capacity, it is necessary for the operator to grasp whether the total loading amount has reached the target amount by calculation in consideration of the number of bucket repetitions and the bucket capacity. There is a problem that it is.
[0005]
In view of the above problems, an object of the present invention is to provide a weighing bucket and a weighing device that are simple in structure and capable of accurately measuring a capacity. Another object of the present invention is to provide a weighing device that can reduce the burden of calculation of the loading amount of an operator.
[0006]
[Means, actions and effects for solving the problems]
The weighing bucket according to claim 1 is a weighing bucket provided in a loader,
Between the side plates of the bucket, a partition plate is rotatably attached so that the tip moves along the arcuate surface of the bottom surface of the bucket, and a drive device for rotating the partition plate is provided,
The partition plate is provided so as to be rotatable about an axis installed between the side plates of the bucket, and defines a container portion for accommodating a weighing object between the partition plate and the bucket opening, and the bottom surface of the bucket Between the bucket back plate and the partition plate, the drive unit accommodating portion for rotating the partition plate,
A sliding plate for slicing the material to be weighed in the bucket is movably provided along the opening surface of the bucket, and a drive device for moving the sliding plate back and forth is provided.
[0007]
Thus, by adopting a configuration in which the bucket capacity can be changed depending on the rotation position of the partition plate, the structure of the weighing bucket can be simplified and provided at a lower cost than the structure in which the inner bucket is provided. Moreover, since the upper surface of a laminated body can be arrange | equalized with a scraping board, exact quantity can be measured and loaded.
[0008]
The weighing bucket according to claim 2 is a weighing bucket provided in a loader,
Between the side plates of the bucket, a partition plate is rotatably attached so that the tip moves along the arcuate surface of the bottom surface of the bucket, and a drive device for rotating the partition plate is provided,
At the tip of the partition plate, an elastic rubber or a friction material pressed against the bucket bottom by a spring is provided,
Along with the opening surface of the bucket, there is provided a slidable plate for slicing the material to be weighed in the bucket, and a drive device for moving the slidable plate back and forth .
[0009]
In this way, by providing a friction material or elastic rubber that is pressed by a spring at the tip of the partition plate, leakage of the load from the gap between the partition plate and the bottom of the bucket is prevented, and an accurate amount is loaded. Can be done. Further, it is possible to obtain a manufacturing advantage that the shape of the bottom surface of the bucket in the rotation range of the partition plate does not need to be accurately arcuate.
[0010]
A weighing device according to claim 3 is a weighing device using the weighing bucket according to claim 1 or 2 ,
The drive device of the partition plate is a hydraulic cylinder,
A stroke sensor for detecting a stroke of the hydraulic cylinder;
Means installed in the cab of the loader to indicate bucket capacity;
And a capacity control means for driving and controlling the hydraulic cylinder so that a stroke corresponding to the bucket capacity instructed by the bucket capacity instructing means coincides with a stroke detected by the stroke sensor.
[0011]
Thus, if the hydraulic cylinder is driven by instructing the bucket capacity and the predetermined capacity is set, the operator automatically sets the bucket capacity only by instructing the bucket capacity in the cab. The burden of is reduced.
[0012]
A weighing device according to claim 4 is a weighing device using the weighing bucket according to claim 1 or 2 ,
A target loading amount indicating means installed in a cab of the loading machine and capable of setting a loading amount exceeding the maximum capacity of the bucket;
A computing means for monitoring the total amount loaded up to now,
It is characterized in that it is provided with a display means for notifying that the total loading amount up to the present has reached the target loading amount.
[0013]
In this way, the target loading amount can be set, and when the target loading amount is reached, this is displayed, so that the operator can determine whether or not the current loading amount has reached the target loading amount until the target value is reached. Loading can be done without great care.
[0014]
A weighing device according to claim 5 is a weighing device using the weighing bucket according to claim 1 or 2 ,
Target loading amount instruction means installed in the operator's cab of the loading machine;
First calculating means for calculating the number of times of loading by the bucket and the amount of loading each time, from the target loading amount set by the loading amount instruction means;
Second computing means for computing the number of loadings for each operation of the scraping plate;
And means for displaying that the number of times of loading up to the present time has reached the number of times obtained by the first calculating means.
[0015]
With this structure, similarly to claim 3, the operator without paying close attention to whether the amount loading current to reach the target value has reached the target loading amount, can be performed loading operation. When monitoring the total loading amount, if the target loading amount is not divisible by the settable bucket capacity, the bucket capacity is automatically changed to a different bucket capacity, for example, in the final loading operation. Is done. This eliminates the need for the operator to change the bucket capacity during repeated loading, reducing the burden on the operator and providing an accurate total loading capacity.
[0016]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
FIG. 1 is a side view showing a hydraulic excavator to which a measuring bucket and a measuring device according to the present invention are applied in a working state. In the hydraulic excavator, a revolving unit 3 is installed on a traveling unit 1 via a revolving device 2, and an operating room 4 and a power unit 5 are mounted on the revolving unit 3 and an articulated front 6 is attached. The articulated front 6 is mounted by a boom cylinder 7, a boom 8 that is raised and lowered by an boom cylinder 7, an arm 10 that is rotatably attached to the tip of the boom 8 by an arm cylinder 9, and a bucket cylinder 11 that is rotatably attached to the tip of the arm 10. The weighing bucket 12.
[0017]
FIG. 2A is a plan view showing the opening side of the bucket 12 up, and FIG. 2B is a partial cross-sectional side view thereof. The bucket 12 has a partition plate 17 attached to the bucket 12 so as to be rotatable about an axis 15 extending between the side plates 14 and 14 so as to move along the arcuate surface of the bucket bottom surface 16. As a drive device for rotating the partition plate 17, a hydraulic cylinder 19 for adjusting the bucket capacity is provided between the bucket back plate portion 18 and the partition plate 17. An elastic rubber 20 is attached to the tip of the partition plate 17 as shown in FIG. 3A, or a sliding member 22 that is pressed against the bucket bottom surface 16 by a spring 21 is provided as shown in FIG. This prevents leakage of earth and sand from between the partition plate 17 and the bottom surface 16.
[0018]
As shown in FIG. 3 (C), the displacement adjusting hydraulic cylinder 19 is provided with an expansion / contraction amount (stroke amount) of the rod 19a by a stroke sensor 23 comprising a magnetostrictive linear displacement sensor provided in the hydraulic cylinder 19. The bucket capacity is determined based on the detected amount of expansion and contraction.
[0019]
The bucket 12 is configured so that the bucket capacity can be changed step by step using the output of the stroke sensor 23. In this example, the partition plate 17 has a, b, c, d shown in the figure. , when in the e, respectively ^{0.3m 3, 0.4m 3, 0.5m 3} , 0.6m 3, and is configured to be 0.7 m ^3.
[0020]
24 moves along the opening surface 25 of the bucket 12 as indicated by an arrow X, so that when a weighing object such as earth and sand or cement in the bucket is loaded in a state of protruding from the opening surface 25, it is scraped off. It is a slicing board which performs. Reference numeral 26 denotes a hydraulic cylinder provided as a driving device for moving the scraping plate 24 along the opening surface 25.
[0021]
Thus, by setting it as the structure which can change a bucket capacity | capacitance by the rotation position of the partition plate 17, a measurement bucket can be provided cheaply with a simple structure compared with the structure which provides an inner bucket. Further, since the upper surface of the load can be made uniform by the scraping plate 24, an accurate amount can be measured and loaded.
[0022]
FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of a weighing device according to the present invention using the weighing bucket. In FIG. 4, 19 is a hydraulic cylinder for adjusting the bucket capacity, and 26 is a hydraulic cylinder for driving the scraping plate 24. 27 and 29 are switches provided as hydraulic cylinder operating means provided in the cab 4 respectively, and 30 and 31 are solenoid valves operated by these switches 27 and 29, respectively, to expand and contract the hydraulic cylinders 19 and 26, respectively. The display means 32 displays the stroke of the sensor 23 of the hydraulic cylinder 19, that is, the bucket capacity. Of the plurality of display lamps, the display means 32 displays a lamp that displays the corresponding bucket capacity, or displays a number. For example, a display that uses a partial display region of a display panel such as a liquid crystal panel or the like can be used.
[0023]
When loading is performed using such switches 27 and 29 and the display means 32, the switch 27 is operated while monitoring the bucket capacity (stroke) displayed by the display means 32, and when the corresponding bucket capacity is reached. Then, the loading operation is performed with the solenoid valve 30 set to the neutral position by the switch 27 and the partition plate 17 fixed to the corresponding position. In this case, when sand or cement is crushed by the bucket 12, the hydraulic cylinder 26 is contracted to bring the scraping plate 24 close to the arm 11, and after crawl, the hydraulic cylinder 26 is extended to open the opening. A portion piled up on the surface 25 is dropped to flatten the opening surface 25 and loaded on a truck or the like.
[0024]
The configuration of FIG. 4 also includes an automation device that allows the operator to load a desired amount simply by setting the loading amount. This apparatus will be described below. Reference numeral 33 denotes a metering switch installed in the cab 4, which is used as a means for instructing a target loading amount. Reference numeral 34 denotes display means for displaying the target loading amount, and the same display means as the display means 32 is used.
[0025]
Reference numeral 35 denotes a calculation device including a first calculation means 36, a second calculation means 39, a work status display means 40, and a capacity setting means 41. The first calculation means 36 is controlled by a target switch VT by the weighing switch 33. Is given, the bucket capacity V1 at the time of loading and the bucket capacity V2 at the last time n are calculated from the number n of repeated loading of the bucket and from the first time to (n-1) times before the last time (n). Is.
[0026]
Specifically, for example, when the target loading amount VT = 2.5 m ³ , V1 = 0.7 m ³ and V2 = 0.4 m ³ are set. That is,
VT (2.5 m ³ ) = V 1 (0.7 m ³ ) × 3 + V 2 (0.4 m ³ )
It is. Therefore, the number n of loadings to be repeated is n = 4. In this case, the first calculation means 36 sends the number n of loadings to be repeated to the second calculation means 39, and the second calculation means 39 subtracts 1 each time the cutting plate 24 performs cutting. . In this example, the operation of the switch plate 24 is detected by detecting the operation of the switch 29 that moves the plate 24, but the movement of the plate 24 itself is detected, or the hydraulic cylinder 26 is detected. Alternatively, the movement of the solenoid valve 31 may be detected. If the display means 40 is currently in the middle of repeated loading, the display means 40 displays that fact with numbers, letters or lamps.
[0027]
The capacity setting means 41 stores the current number of times of loading, and in the case of the above-described example, the capacity control means 42 sends the bucket capacity V1 = 0.7 m ³ to the capacity control means 42 until 1 to 3 times. In comparison with the stroke signal (bucket capacity) given from the sensor 23, the stroke is inspected and maintained at the capacity V1 at the start of each loading operation. In the last round, the capacity setting means gives the bucket capacity V2 to the 41 capacity control means 42, and the capacity control means 42 repeats the relay 43 until the signal obtained from the stroke sensor 23 becomes a signal corresponding to the bucket capacity V2. And the solenoid valve 30 is operated to rotate the partition plate 17 via the hydraulic cylinder 19. When the final scraping operation is performed by the operation of the scraping plate 24, the second calculation means 39 calculates the remaining number of times zero, and the display means 40 displays that the target loading amount has been reached.
[0028]
In this way, there is means for setting a loading capacity larger than the maximum capacity that the bucket 12 can take, the bucket capacity is automatically set, and the display means 40 indicates that the loading of the target total loading quantity has been completed. Since the operator does not need to consider the bucket capacity and does not need to consider the end timing at each loading stage, the burden on the operator is reduced.
[0029]
As the display means 40, an acoustic device can be used in addition to the display means 32 or in addition to the display means 32.
[0030]
In FIG. 4, when the number set by the counting switch 33 is less than or equal to the maximum capacity that the bucket 12 can take, the capacity setting means 41 sends the value to the capacity control means 42, and the bucket capacity is automatically adjusted. .
[0031]
In addition, the method of dividing each capacity when the target loading amount exceeds the bucket capacity can be variously changed in addition to the above, and the last loading amount is not changed from the other loading amount. The loading amount may be changed. Moreover, the division of the capacity in the bucket 12 (positions a to e in FIG. 2B) can be variously set according to the bucket capacity and the like.
[0032]
Further, the present invention can be applied not only to a hydraulic excavator but also to a loader excavator in which an opening surface of a bucket faces forward.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a side view showing a hydraulic excavator to which a weighing bucket and a weighing apparatus according to the present invention are applied in a working state.
2A is a plan view of a bucket according to the present embodiment, and FIG. 2B is a partial cross-sectional side view thereof.
3A is a side view showing a tip structure of a partition plate according to the present embodiment, FIG. 3B is a side view showing another example, and FIG. 3C is a side view of a bucket capacity adjusting hydraulic cylinder. .
FIG. 4 is a configuration diagram showing an embodiment of a weighing device of the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
1: traveling body, 2: turning device, 3: turning body, 4: cab, 5: power unit, 6: articulated front, 8: boom, 10: arm, 11: bucket cylinder, 12: weighing bucket, 14: Side plate, 15: shaft, 16: bottom surface, 17: partition plate, 19: hydraulic cylinder for bucket capacity adjustment, 20: elastic rubber, 21: spring, 22: sliding member, 23: stroke sensor, 24: scraping plate, 26: Hydraulic cylinder for driving plate

Claims (5)

In the weighing bucket provided in the loader,
Between the side plates of the bucket, a partition plate is rotatably attached so that the tip moves along the arcuate surface of the bottom surface of the bucket, and a drive device for rotating the partition plate is provided,
The partition plate is provided so as to be rotatable about an axis installed between the side plates of the bucket, and defines a container portion for accommodating a weighing object between the partition plate and the bucket opening, and the bottom surface of the bucket Between the bucket back plate and the partition plate, the drive unit accommodating portion for rotating the partition plate,
A measuring bucket characterized in that, along the opening surface of the bucket, a slicing plate for slicing the weighing object in the bucket is movably provided, and a driving device for moving the slicing plate back and forth is provided. In the weighing bucket provided in the loader,
Between the side plates of the bucket, a partition plate is rotatably attached so that the tip moves along the arcuate surface of the bottom surface of the bucket, and a drive device for rotating the partition plate is provided,
At the tip of the partition plate, an elastic rubber or a friction material pressed against the bucket bottom by a spring is provided,
A measuring bucket characterized in that a sliding plate for slicing the weighing object in the bucket is movably provided along the opening surface of the bucket, and a driving device for moving the sliding plate back and forth is provided . A weighing device using the weighing bucket according to claim 1 or 2 ,
The drive device of the partition plate is a hydraulic cylinder,
A stroke sensor for detecting a stroke of the hydraulic cylinder;
Means installed in the cab of the loader to indicate bucket capacity;
A measuring apparatus comprising: a capacity control means for driving and controlling the hydraulic cylinder so that a stroke corresponding to the bucket capacity instructed by the bucket capacity instructing means coincides with a stroke detected by the stroke sensor. A weighing device using the weighing bucket according to claim 1 or 2 ,
A target loading amount indicating means installed in a cab of the loading machine and capable of indicating a loading amount exceeding the maximum capacity of the bucket;
A computing means for monitoring the total amount loaded up to now,
A weighing device comprising a display means for notifying that the total loading amount up to the present has reached the target loading amount. A weighing device using the weighing bucket according to claim 1 or 2 ,
Target loading amount instruction means installed in the operator's cab of the loading machine;
First calculating means for calculating the number of times of loading by the bucket and the loading amount of each time from the target loading amount instructed by the loading amount instruction means;
Second computing means for computing the number of loadings for each operation of the scraping plate;
And a means for displaying that the number of times of loading up to the present time has reached the number of times obtained by the first calculating means.

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