JP3755468B2 - Musical data expression device and program - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an automatic expression device and program for music data that automatically adds new musical expressions to music data, and in particular, the user determines what facial expression changes are caused by adjusting various parameters. The present invention relates to a music data automatic facial expression device and a program which can be confirmed at any time so that facial expression can be efficiently performed.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Recently, an automatic performance device that automatically plays musical sounds based on music data, a sequencer that can automatically play and edit music data, and the like are known. The music data used in such an automatic performance device or the like is configured as MIDI data corresponding to each note or symbol of a musical score. If each pitch of a series of note strings is composed only of ON / OFF pitch information, The automatic performance of the musical sound performed by reproducing the music data is a mechanical expressionless performance, which is very unnatural musically. Therefore, in order to make these automatic performances more musically natural, beautiful, and fresh, it is advisable to add various musical expressions and expression of musical instruments to the musical sounds. To that end, it is necessary to modify the pitch, volume, length, timing, etc. of a series of notes so that the music data represents various musical expressions and instrumentalities depending on the playing style, etc. . As a device for performing such facial expression, there has been known an automatic facial expression device for music data that automatically adds performance information representing various musical expressions and instrumental characteristics to music data. In such an automatic expression device for music data, the user can simultaneously select a plurality of performance methods to be given from a plurality of performance methods such as choking, vibrato, glissando, staccato, swing, arpeggio, etc. Can be applied to music data at once (or sequentially). For example, when a choking technique, which is one of the playing techniques frequently used in stringed instruments such as guitars and basses, is selected, a suitable part for performing the choking technique is automatically searched from the music data. Performance information such as a pitch bend value whose parameters are adjusted in advance by the user is newly added to the music data at the search location.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
By the way, in the automatic expression device for music data as described above, it is possible to add a musical expression (such as a performance style) of the user's preference by adjusting the performance style parameters. It takes time until the user-like facial expression generated after the adjustment is confirmed. That is, in the conventional automatic facial expression device for music data, the musical expression that the user has actually expressed only after completing the entire music data in which the user's favorite facial expression is applied to the automatically searched location. Could not be confirmed. For this reason, if the user does not like the music with the expression, the user has to adjust the performance parameters again and repeat the automatic expression process for the entire music data from the beginning. Therefore, in order to generate a music with a satisfied expression for the user, it is necessary to repeat the automatic expression process and repeatedly generate music data to which the user's favorite expression is applied. As described above, expression of music data is conventionally automated, but automatic expression processing is also performed when rendition style parameter adjustment is repeatedly performed when generating music data to which a user-like musical expression is added. Since it had to be repeated, there was a problem that the automatic facial expression processing took time and the processing efficiency was very poor.
[0004]
The present invention has been made in view of the above-described points, and when performing facial expression according to the user's preference, the user can determine what facial expression changes are made by rendition style parameter adjustment before performing automatic facial expression processing. Thus, it is intended to provide an automatic expression device for music data and a program capable of efficiently executing the expression process.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
  Music data according to the present inventionFacial expressionThe attaching device is used for confirming performance parameters and parameter supply means for supplying performance parameters for performing musical expression corresponding to a predetermined performance on the music data.Than the music dataData supply means for supplying short sequence data;An image of a performance style parameter supplied by the parameter supply means, a setting operator image for changing the content of the performance style parameter, andInstruct audition startforInstructionsDisplay control for displaying an operation operator image on the same display screen, changing the contents of the rendition style parameter according to the operation of the setting operation image, and changing the display form of the image image of the rendition style parameterMeans and said instructionsBased on the operation of the operator imageIn response to the audition start instruction,SaidFor the sequence data supplied by the data supply means,The control for changing the display form of the image image according to the operation of the setting operator image is performed.Performance parametersContents ofOn the basis of theSaidA musical expression corresponding to a given playing styleAdditionDoAdditionA control means and a tone generation means for generating a tone based on the sequence data to which the musical expression is added are provided.
[0006]
  According to the present invention, when a musical expression corresponding to a predetermined performance style is automatically added to music data, it is used for confirmation of performance style parameters according to an audition start instruction.Than the music dataA musical expression corresponding to a predetermined performance for short sequence dataAdditionThen, a musical tone is generated based on the sequence data to which the musical expression is added.Therefore, Before the user automatically expresses the entire song data based on performance parameters,Changed settings as appropriateUsing rendition style parametersThan the music datashortBased on sequence dataGenerate musicLet me listen to the testTheChanged settingsEasy to change the tone characteristics by playing parametersAccurateCan be confirmed. This makes it possible to efficientlyFacial expressionYou will be able to do that.At that time, an image of a performance style parameter supplied in correspondence with the predetermined performance style, a setting operation picture for changing the content of the performance style parameter, and an instruction style control for giving an audition start instruction Since the image is displayed on the same display screen, the content of the performance style parameter is changed according to the operation of the setting operator image, and the display form of the image image of the performance style parameter is changed. It is possible to check the contents of the setting change visually and in an easy-to-understand manner. In addition, the audition start instruction is immediately given at the desired time by operating the instruction image displayed on the same display screen. Audition start instruction for trial listening of performance sound according to the setting change operation of the performance method parameter and the setting change content Can be performed by switching between the work smoothly, it is possible to provide an easy system very easy to use for the user.
[0007]
The present invention can be constructed and implemented not only as a device invention but also as a method invention. Further, the present invention can be implemented in the form of a program of a processor such as a computer or a DSP, or can be implemented in the form of a storage medium storing such a program.
[0008]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0009]
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a hardware configuration showing an embodiment of an electronic musical instrument to which an automatic expression device for music data according to the present invention is applied. In this embodiment, an electronic musical instrument that performs various processes by one CPU 1 will be described as an example.
[0010]
In the electronic musical instrument shown in this embodiment, various processes are executed under the control of a microcomputer comprising a microprocessor unit (CPU) 1, a read only memory (ROM) 2, and a random access memory (RAM) 3. It has become. The CPU 1 controls the operation of the entire electronic musical instrument. For this CPU 1, a read-only memory (ROM) 2, a random access memory (RAM) 3, an external storage device 4, a detection circuit 5, and a switch detection circuit 6 via a communication bus 1D (for example, a data and address bus). The display circuit 7, the sound source circuit 8, and the interface 9 are connected to each other. Further, the CPU 1 is connected to a timer 1A for measuring the interrupt time and various times in the timer interrupt process (interrupt process). That is, the timer 1A generates a tempo clock pulse for counting time intervals or setting a performance tempo for automatically playing music according to predetermined music data or sequence data (described later). The frequency of the tempo clock pulse is adjusted by, for example, a tempo setting switch in the panel operator 6A. Such a tempo clock pulse from the timer 1A is given to the CPU 1 as a processing timing command or to the CPU 1 as an interrupt command. The CPU 1 executes various processes according to these instructions. Various types of processing include performance information related to musical expressions peculiar to various musical instruments (for example, choking techniques used in stringed instruments such as guitars) for performing a more natural performance or lively performance on a song. There is an “automatic expression process” (described later) for generating and automatically adding the performance information to the music data.
[0011]
The automatic expression device for music data is not limited to a dedicated device, and may be a general-purpose device such as a personal computer or a multimedia device, for example, and by using predetermined software or hardware according to the present invention, Any device may be used as long as it is configured to automatically analyze data and automatically perform expression on a predetermined musical sound based on the analysis result.
[0012]
The ROM 2 stores various data such as music data, sequence data or performance parameter preset values, and various control programs such as “automatic facial expression processing” executed or referred to by the CPU 1. The RAM 3 is used as a working memory for temporarily storing various data generated when the CPU 1 executes a predetermined program, or as a memory for storing a program currently being executed and related data. A predetermined address area of the RAM 3 is assigned to each function and used as a register, flag, table, memory, or the like. Similar to the ROM 2, the external storage device 4 stores various data such as music data, sequence data or performance parameter preset values, various control programs executed by the CPU 1, and the like. When the control program is not stored in the ROM 2, the control program is stored in the external storage device 4 (for example, a hard disk) and is read into the RAM 3 to store the control program in the ROM 2. A similar operation can be performed by the CPU 1. In this way, control programs can be easily added and upgraded. The external storage device 4 is not limited to a hard disk (HD), but a floppy disk (FD), a compact disk (CD-ROM / CD-RAM), a magneto-optical disk (MO), a DVD (Digital Versatile Disk), etc. It may be a storage device that uses various external recording media. Alternatively, a semiconductor memory or the like may be used.
[0013]
Here, various data stored in the ROM 2, the external storage device 4 or the RAM 3 will be briefly described. First, data stored in the ROM 2 and the external storage device 4 will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 2 is a conceptual diagram for explaining various data stored in the ROM 2 and the external storage device 4. The data stored in the ROM 2 and the external storage device 4 shown in this embodiment is music data, performance parameters, sequence data, other data, and the like.
[0014]
The music data is data to which performance information is added during automatic facial expression, for example, data representing the entire music for one song. The music data is a combination of timing data and event data. The event data is data related to performance events such as key-on data for instructing the tone of music and key-off data for instructing to mute the tone. This event data is used in combination with timing data. The timing data in this embodiment is time data (that is, duration data) indicating a time interval from event data to the next event data, but is not limited to this, and may be in any format such as relative time or absolute time. Good. In other words, the "event + absolute time" format in which the event occurrence time is expressed in absolute time in a song or measure, and the "event + relative time" format in which the event occurrence time is expressed as the time from the previous event , "Pitch (rest) + note length" format that represents music data in terms of note pitch and note length or rest and rest length, and secures a memory area for each performance resolution Any format may be used such as a “solid method” format in which events are stored in a memory area corresponding to the time at which a performance event occurs. Note that the music data is not limited to those recorded with a mixture of event data for a plurality of tracks, that is, not limited to those in which event data is stored in a line in the order of output regardless of the assigned track. It goes without saying that the music data may be configured to store the event data independently for each track.
[0015]
The rendition style parameters are data used for automatic expression of music data, and are prepared to correspond to each rendition style such as choking, vibrato, staccato, glissando and the like. The ROM 2 and the external storage device 4 store performance style parameters set to predetermined preset values. The rendition style parameters for each rendition style are roughly divided into two types: rendition style detection parameters and facial expression parameters. The rendition style detection parameter is a parameter used for searching for a place where the rendition style is to be added from the music data to be automatically expressed, specifically, a part to which the rendition style is to be added from the musical note string in the music data. It is a parameter for specifying. The rendition style detection parameters differ depending on the rendition style. For example, in the case of a performance technique “choking”, it is defined to specify a note string that rises and falls, and in the case of a performance technique “vibrato”, it is defined to specify an appropriate predetermined note. .
[0016]
On the other hand, the facial expression parameter is a parameter used when performing facial expression corresponding to the performance style on a portion to which the performance style specified according to the performance style detection parameter is to be applied. The facial expression parameters include multiple types of parameters such as “depth”, “speed”, “curve”, and “delay” as an example. The number of parameter types required for each performance method and the contents defined by each parameter Is different. For example, in the case of performance “choking”, “depth” is a parameter indicating the degree of pitch change, “speed” is a parameter indicating the speed or length of pitch change, and “curve” is a sound. “Delay” is a parameter that represents the elapsed time until choking begins. This parameter represents how to change the height (for example, linear change, upper chord curve change, lower chord curve change, etc.). In the case of the performance “Vibrato”, “Depth” is a parameter indicating the range of change in pitch, “Speed” is a parameter indicating the length of the period, and “Delay” is a parameter indicating the elapsed time until the start. , "Curve" is not defined. The facial expression parameters may include parameters other than “depth”, “speed”, “curve”, and “delay”. Also, it is not necessary to include all the parameters of “depth”, “speed”, “curve”, and “delay”, and do not include the parameters of “depth”, “speed”, “curve”, and “delay” at all. It goes without saying that only other parameters other than these may be included.
[0017]
Sequence data is dedicated data for confirming facial expressions (playing styles) used to check whether automatic expression of music data is performed as expected by the user, and corresponds to each playing style in the same way as performance style parameters. Be prepared to do. The sequence data is music data representing music in a very short section (for example, around one bar) compared to music data to be automatically expressed, and includes data such as typical note strings to which each performance method is added. is there. As will be described in detail later, when the audition button on the “expression setting parameter setting / confirmation screen” (see FIG. 4) is operated, the sequence data corresponding to the selected rendition is read and adjusted. Automatic facial expression based on the facial expression parameters is performed on the sequence data, and the user can audition the result. In this way, when a song can be auditioned in a very short section centered on a part to which a facial expression specified by the user is added, the user can select which facial expression to add a facial expression closer to the image. It is easy to understand how much the parameter should be set. The other data is data other than the above. For example, various control programs such as “automatic facial expression processing” executed or referred to by the CPU 1, data on various performance conditions used in automatic performance such as timbre and tempo.
[0018]
Next, various data stored in the RAM 3 will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 3 is a conceptual diagram for explaining various data stored in a predetermined area of the RAM 3. The data storage area in the RAM 3 shown in this embodiment includes an execution program area, a register area, a plurality of memory areas (in this case, the memory area (1) to the memory area (4)), and each performance method for each type of data to be stored. It is mainly composed of the parameter current value area and other areas.
[0019]
The execution program area is a memory area in which the control program currently being executed by the CPU 1 is stored. That is, when a predetermined control program is executed, various control programs stored as other data in the ROM 2 or the external storage device 4 are read and written in the execution program area, so that the CPU 1 Can be executed. The register area is a memory area for temporarily storing various data generated when the CPU 1 executes a predetermined program. The memory area (1) to the memory area (4) are areas for storing original data before correction and new data after correction corresponding to the original data. In this embodiment, the memory area (1) is the original music data (music data representing the music score stored in the ROM 2 or the external storage device 4 as it is) selected by the user as a target for automatic expression. The memory area (2) stores new music data (corrected music data) that is automatically expressed in accordance with performance style parameters. The memory area (3) stores the original sequence data corresponding to the selected rendition, and the memory area (4) stores the expression changed using the “expression setting parameter setting / confirmation screen” (see FIG. 4). New sequence data automatically stored according to the attachment parameters is stored. That is, music that can be auditioned by the user when the audition button on the “expression setting parameter setting / confirmation screen” is operated is music that is automatically played based on the sequence data stored in the memory area (4). It is.
[0020]
The parameter current value area for each performance style is a memory area for storing the setting values of the facial expression parameters for each performance style changed using the “expression setting parameter setting / confirmation screen” (see FIG. 4). When automatic expression is applied to the music data, the music data is corrected based on the value of the expression parameters for each performance style stored in the current parameter value area. The other area is a working memory area that temporarily stores various data generated when the CPU 1 executes a predetermined program, or a memory area that stores a program currently being executed and various other data related thereto. Etc.
Needless to say, the data stored in the ROM 2, the external storage device 4, or the RAM 3 may include other data in addition to the data described above.
[0021]
Returning to the description of the hardware configuration shown in FIG. 1, the performance operator 5A is provided with a plurality of keys for selecting the pitch of a musical tone, such as a keyboard, and corresponds to each key. The performance switch 5A has a key switch and can be used not only for musical performances but also for inputting pitches and rhythms used for automatic performance based on music data and sequence data. It can also be used as an input means. Of course, the performance operator 5A is not limited to the form of a keyboard or the like, and needless to say, it may be of any form such as a neck with a string for selecting the pitch of a musical tone. Yes. The detection circuit 5 generates a detection output by detecting the press and release of each key of the performance operator 5A or by detecting the vibration of the string.
[0022]
A panel operator (setting switch or the like) 6A includes an automatic facial expression start switch for executing “automatic facial expression processing”, a music data selection switch for selecting musical data to be automatically expressed, and a performance technique for performing facial expression. A rendition style selection switch for selecting a type, a facial expression parameter adjustment switch for calling up a “facial expression parameter setting / confirmation screen” for changing the expression parameters for each performance style, or various performance conditions during automatic performance. Various operation elements such as a performance condition input switch for inputting are included. Of course, the numeric keypad for numeric data input and the keyboard for character data input used to select, set and control the pitch, timbre, effect, etc., or the pitch bend wheel that can set the pitch bend value according to the operation amount, etc. The various controls may be included. The switch detection circuit 6 detects the operation state of each operation element of the panel operation element 6A, and outputs switch information corresponding to the operation state to the CPU 1 via the communication bus 1D. The display circuit 7 displays various kinds of information such as a plurality of pitch information representing each pitch of a series of note sequences included in the music data on a display 7A composed of, for example, a liquid crystal display panel (LCD) or a CRT. Of course, performance information related to automatic performance or the control state of the CPU 1 is displayed on the display 7A.
[0023]
The tone generator circuit 8 can simultaneously generate music signals on a plurality of channels, inputs music data provided via the communication bus 1D, and generates music signals based on the music data. The musical tone signal generated from the tone generator circuit 8 is subjected to predetermined digital signal processing by an unillustrated effect circuit (for example, DSP (Digital Signal Processor)), and the processed musical tone signal is given to the sound system 8A. Pronounced. The music data format may be digitally encoded such as SMF (Standard MIDI File) format, or may be composed of a waveform sample data system such as PCM, DPCM, ADPCM. Further, an effect circuit (not shown) may be arranged between the tone generator circuit 8 and the sound system 8A so as to give various effects to the musical tone signal generated from the tone generator circuit 8. Any method for generating a tone signal in the tone generator circuit 8 may be used. For example, a waveform memory reading method for sequentially reading out musical tone waveform sample value data stored in a waveform memory in accordance with address data that changes in response to the pitch of a musical tone to be generated, or a predetermined angle as phase angle parameter data. A known method such as an FM method for obtaining musical tone waveform sample value data by executing frequency modulation computation or an AM method for obtaining musical tone waveform sample value data by executing predetermined amplitude modulation computation using the address data as phase angle parameter data. May be adopted as appropriate. That is, the method of the sound source circuit 8 may be any method such as a waveform memory method, FM method, physical model method, harmonic synthesis method, formant synthesis method, VCO + VCF + VCA analog synthesizer method, analog simulation method, and the like. In addition, the tone generator circuit 7 may be configured using a DSP and a microprogram, or a CPU and software, without being limited to the component that configures the tone generator circuit 7 using dedicated hardware. Further, a plurality of sound generation channels may be formed by using one circuit in a time division manner, or one sound generation channel may be formed by one circuit.
[0024]
The interface 9 is, for example, a MIDI interface or a communication interface for transmitting / receiving various kinds of information between the electronic musical instrument and an external music data generating device (not shown). The MIDI interface inputs MIDI standard musical sound information (MIDI music data) from an external music data generation device (in this case, another MIDI device, etc.) to the electronic musical instrument, or from the electronic musical instrument to the MIDI standard. This is an interface for outputting musical sound information (MIDI music data) to other MIDI devices. Other MIDI devices may be devices that generate MIDI format data in response to user operations, and include any type of controls such as keyboard type, guitar type, wind instrument type, percussion instrument type, and hybrid type ( Alternatively, it may be a device). The communication interface is connected to, for example, a wired or wireless communication network (not shown) such as a LAN, the Internet, a telephone line, etc., and an external music data generating device (in this case, a server) And an interface for fetching various information such as control programs and music data from the server computer into the electronic musical instrument. That is, when various information such as a control program and music data is not stored in the ROM 2, the external storage device 4 or the like, it is used for downloading various information from the server computer. An electronic musical instrument serving as a client transmits a command requesting download of various information such as a control program and music data to a server computer via a communication interface and a communication network. Upon receiving this command, the server computer distributes the requested various information to the electronic musical instrument via the communication network, and the electronic musical instrument receives the various information via the communication interface and stores it in the external storage device 4 or the like. This completes the download.
[0025]
When the interface 9 is composed of a MIDI interface, the MIDI interface is not limited to a dedicated MIDI interface, but may be RS232-C, USB (Universal Serial Bus), IEEE 1394 (I Triple E 1394), or the like. A MIDI interface may be configured using a general-purpose interface. In this case, data other than MIDI event data may be transmitted and received simultaneously. When a general-purpose interface as described above is used as the MIDI interface, other MIDI devices may be able to transmit and receive data other than MIDI event data. Of course, the data format related to the music information is not limited to the data in the MIDI format, but may be in another format. In that case, the MIDI interface and other MIDI devices are configured accordingly.
[0026]
Here, the “expression setting parameter setting / confirmation screen” displayed on the display 7A when the expression adjustment parameter adjustment switch on the panel operator 6A is operated will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 4 is a conceptual diagram showing an example of the “expression setting parameter setting / confirmation screen”.
[0027]
As can be understood from the embodiment shown in FIG. 4, the “expression setting parameter setting / confirmation screen” displayed on the display 7A is an image of expression style template Ga in the upper part of the screen and an expression parameter in the middle part of the screen. The image Gb is a screen that displays various facial expression parameter setting switches Gc, an “audition” button Ba, and a “setting” button Bb in the lower part of the screen. The rendition style type template Ga displayed in the upper part of the screen displays the type of rendition style selected as a rendition style to be expressed by the user during the “automatic expression process” (see FIG. 5) described later. That is, this embodiment shows a case where four types of performance methods of “choking”, “vibrato”, “staccato”, and “glissando” are selected as performance methods for adding expression to music data. The user can set facial expression parameters corresponding to each performance style by designating the displayed template Ga for each performance style. The facial expression parameter image Gb displayed in the middle of the screen is an image display of the facial expression parameter corresponding to the selected performance style, and the image image Gb is an image displayed in a display form according to the performance style. . The facial expression parameter setting switch Gc displayed in the lower part of the screen is a switch for changing the setting value of the facial expression parameter corresponding to the selected performance style. In this embodiment, a counter switch that can change the parameter setting value in fine numerical steps each time an upward or downward triangle filled in black is pressed, and a left and right slide operation on a square filled in black. A slide switch capable of changing parameter setting values in large numerical steps is displayed. In accordance with the parameter setting values set by these switch operations, the display form of the image Gb of the facial expression parameter displayed in the middle of the screen changes. As a result, the user can visually confirm the change in music due to the change in the expression parameter setting.
[0028]
The facial expression parameter image Gb and the facial expression parameter setting switch Gc are displayed according to the selected performance style. That is, depending on which parameter is included in various parameters such as “depth”, “speed”, “curve”, “delay”, “other”, etc. The display form of the image image Gb of the facial expression parameter and the display type of the facial expression parameter setting switch Gc are different. In this embodiment, the expression image Gb and the expression setting parameter setting switch Gc when “Vibrato” is selected as the performance method are shown. That is, as described above, the parameter contents included in the expression parameter corresponding to “vibrato” are “depth” that defines the range of change in pitch, “speed” that defines the length of the cycle, A “delay” that defines the elapsed time. Therefore, when a display most suitable for visually confirming the contents of these parameters is performed, an image image Gb having a display form like a waveform as shown in the figure is displayed. On the other hand, when the expression setting parameter setting switch Gc most suitable for changing the above parameter contents is displayed, a “depth” switch and a “late” switch as shown in the figure are displayed. That is, the “depth” switch is for setting “depth”, and the “late” switch is for setting “delay”. In this embodiment, there is no switch display for setting “speed”, but “speed” in “vibrato” defines the length of the cycle, and the length of the cycle is in accordance with the tempo. Since it is determined, in the case of “vibrato”, the switch display corresponding to “speed” is not made. Then, on the image image of the facial expression parameter, an image image is displayed so that the user can visually grasp the change in the musical tone characteristic due to the change of the parameter setting value by the facial expression parameter setting switch Gc. As described above, the display contents displayed on the image image Gb of the facial expression parameter and the parameter setting switch Gc for facial expression correspond to the selected performance style. In this embodiment, the “random” switch displayed on the expression setting parameter setting switch Gc is a switch for randomly setting a parameter setting value that can be set by “speed”, “delay”, or the like.
[0029]
The “audition” button Ba displayed in the lower part of the screen is a button for auditioning a music piece in a predetermined performance section that is expressed in accordance with the content set by the user using the expression setting parameter setting switch Gc. That is, in accordance with the operation of the “audition” button Ba, expression is performed on predetermined sequence data corresponding to each playing style with the set value of each parameter, and a musical tone is generated based on the sequence data with the expression. To do. The “setting” button Bb is used to determine a parameter value to a setting value set by the user using the expression setting parameter setting switch Gc, and to start expression of music data using the parameter value. Button. A detailed description of these button operations will be given later, and will not be repeated here.
[0030]
As described above, when music data is composed only of pitch information of a series of note strings, a mechanical expressionless performance is reproduced, and such a performance is a musically unnatural performance. Therefore, in order to make a more natural performance, beautiful performance, and live performance, performance information representing a musical expression specific to each musical instrument (that is, musicality) is added to music data as control data ( That is, it has already been mentioned that it is better to apply facial expressions. For example, choking techniques are known for stringed instruments such as guitars and basses. By using this choking technique in combination with ordinary playing techniques, it is possible to create a natural performance with a guitar-like expression. The automatic expression device for music data according to the present invention automatically adds performance information relating to musical expressions peculiar to musical instruments (for example, choking technique for stringed instruments) to music data. An “automatic expression process” for automatically adding a musical expression specific to a musical instrument to music data will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing an example of the “automatic expression process” executed by the CPU 1 in the electronic musical instrument. The “automatic expression adding process” is a process executed by the CPU 1 in accordance with the operation of the automatic expression adding start switch in the panel operator 6A.
[0031]
In step S1, it is determined whether or not the user has already selected the music to be automatically expressed. That is, it is determined whether or not the music data to be subjected to automatic facial expression processing has already been selected or not selected according to the operation of the music data selection switch by the user. If it is determined that the music has not been selected, that is, if the music has not yet been selected by the user (NO in step S1), the user is prompted to select the music, and the selection is performed when the music is selected by the user. The music data corresponding to the selected music is read and stored in the memory area (1) (step S2). In step S3, it is determined whether or not a performance style has been selected. That is, it is determined whether or not the type of rendition style to be automatically assigned is already selected or not according to the operation of the rendition style selection switch by the user. If it is determined that the rendition has not been selected, that is, if the rendition has not yet been selected by the user (NO in step S3), the user is allowed to select a rendition (step S4). If the music data for automatic facial expression and the type of performance method for automatic facial expression are not selected, the original musical expression is not corrected even if the "automatic facial expression processing" is performed. Since there is no music left, processing is wasted. Therefore, for example, a display is made on the display 7A so as to select a song for the user (see step S2), or a performance style is selected (see step S4). When the user selects a song, the song data corresponding to the song selected from the song data stored in the ROM 2 or the external storage device 4 is read out and stored in the memory area (1) of the RAM 3. . When a rendition style is selected by the user, rendition style parameters corresponding to the rendition style parameters selected from the rendition style parameters stored in the ROM 2 or the external storage device 4 are read out and stored in the parameter current value area of each performance style in the RAM 3. Remember.
[0032]
When the user selects a song in step S2, the instrument type (or tone type) such as guitar, piano, or saxophone, the music genre such as rock, jazz, or classic, the song type such as active lead, etc. It may be possible to select music by specifying in combination. Moreover, when making a user select a performance style in the said step S4, a user can select the multiple types of performance style. However, depending on the musical instrument type, the music genre, etc. in the selected music data, there are some performance methods that are not suitable for the expression, so that such performance methods may not be selected.
[0033]
In step S5, it is determined whether or not a facial expression parameter changing operation has been performed. That is, the “expression setting parameter setting / confirmation screen” (see FIG. 4) is displayed on the display 7A in accordance with the user's operation of the expression parameter adjustment switch. It is determined whether or not an operation for changing a parameter for adding a facial expression for each performance method (for example, changing a parameter setting value by operating each switch such as depth, rate, or random) has been performed. On this “expression setting parameter setting / confirmation screen”, only the expression parameters for the rendition style selected in step S4 are displayed. If it is determined that the facial expression parameter changing operation has been performed (YES in step S5), the facial expression parameter for the rendition style selected on the “Expression parameter setting / confirmation screen” is changed and changed. The facial expression parameters are stored in the RAM 3 (step S6). That is, the setting value of the facial expression parameter stored in the parameter current value area of each performance style in the RAM 3 is rewritten with the parameter setting value changed according to the facial expression parameter changing operation.
[0034]
In step S7, it is determined whether or not a “setting” button for automatically applying a facial expression to the music data has been pressed. That is, it is determined whether or not the “setting” button displayed on the “expression setting parameter setting / confirmation screen” has been operated by the user. When it is determined that the “SET” button has been pressed (YES in step S7), various processes as shown in step S8 are executed. In step S8, expression is first applied to the music data based on the expression parameters currently stored. Then, the music data with the expression is stored in the memory area (2). In addition, in accordance with the user's instruction, the music data with the expression is stored in the external storage device 4 such as a hard disk. That is, the original music data stored in the memory area (1) of the RAM 3 is read in accordance with the facial expression parameters stored in the parameter current value area of each performance method of the RAM 3, and predetermined musical notes of the read music data are read out. The pitch, tone length (gate time), volume, etc. are corrected, and the new music data resulting from the correction is stored in the memory area (2). Specifically, the music data is sequentially read from the memory area (1) and analyzed in order, and it is determined whether or not there is a portion to which the selected performance style is to be added. For the portion determined to add the selected rendition style, each musical piece information of the determined portion is based on each rendition style parameter so that music expression based on the selected rendition method can be realized when the tone generator 8 reproduces the musical sound. To correct. Simultaneously with the correction, the corrected music data are sequentially stored in the memory area (2). When the music data thus corrected is read from the memory area (2) and reproduced by the tone generator circuit 8, a musical tone having a musical expression corresponding to the selected performance style is generated. Further, since the modified music data may be used as the original music data, the modified music data stored in the memory area (2) is read and stored in the external storage device 4 such as a hard disk. You may make it memorize | store.
[0035]
On the other hand, if it is determined in step S7 that the “setting” button has not been pressed (NO in step S7), the “audition” button displayed on the “expression setting parameter setting / confirmation screen” has been pressed. It is determined whether it has been done (step S9). If it is determined that the “audition” button has not been pressed (NO in step S9), the process returns to step S5 and the processes from step S5 to step S7 are repeated. If it is determined that the “Audition” button has been pressed (YES in step S9), various processes as shown in steps S10 and S11, that is, confirmation processing for facial expression using facial expression parameters are executed. In this confirmation process for facial expression, first, in step S10, sequence data corresponding to the selected performance style is read from the ROM 2, the external storage device 4 or the like, and the read sequence data is stored in the memory area (3) of the RAM 3. To do. Then, based on the rendition style detection parameters among the rendition style parameters corresponding to the selected rendition style, the music data is searched for and specified as a portion to be subjected to the expression of the rendition style (or determined in advance by the user). It may be a predetermined part). In step S11, expression is performed on the sequence data based on the currently stored expression parameters. That is, the original sequence data stored in the memory area (3) of the RAM 3 is read in accordance with the facial expression parameters stored in the parameter current value area of each performance method of the RAM 3, and predetermined musical notes of the read sequence data are read out. The tone pitch, tone length (gate time), volume, etc. are corrected, and new sequence data resulting from the correction is stored in the memory area (4) of the RAM 3. Then, the sequence data with the expression, that is, the sequence data stored in the memory area (4) is sent to the sound source circuit 8 and reproduced via the sound system 8A. As a result, the user listens to the music based on the sequence data with the expression. When the confirmation process for the expression is finished, the process returns to step S5. If the user does not like the result of the audition of the music, the user can change the expression parameters again and perform the audition (see Steps S5 to S6 and Steps S9 to S11). If the result is satisfactory, the setting button may be operated so as to perform automatic expression on the music data (see step S7).
[0036]
In this way, the user performs simple operations such as operating the “audition” button displayed on the “expression setting parameter setting / confirmation screen”, whereby the expression parameters for each performance style set by the user are set. You can audition the music of a short performance section with a facial expression. This allows the user to perform facial expression parameter adjustment, such as repeatedly changing facial expression parameters using the “Expression parameter setting / confirmation screen” and listening until the musical musical expression is given to the song. Trial and error can be performed very easily. Accordingly, since the user can efficiently perform the automatic facial expression processing on the music data, it is possible to quickly generate a music to which a musical expression desired by the user is added.
[0037]
Note that the note information of the part searched for the subject for which the selected rendition is to be expressed is one in which the pitch, tone length (gate time), and volume of each note are corrected based on the expression parameters. If the music data or sequence data is SMF format MIDI data, the note length (gate time) is the sum of the timing data of each event from the corresponding note-on to note-off, so the arpeggio In a part searched for a subject to be renditioned such as a rendition style, the timing data of the corresponding note-off event may be changed so that the sum of the timing data is appropriately extended. If the music data or sequence data is music data specific to the electronic musical instrument model and each note is represented by note-on, gate time, and volume, the gate time is appropriately extended. Just do it. That is, it goes without saying that the data content is corrected according to the data format of the music data or sequence data.
[0038]
When this music data processing apparatus is applied to an electronic musical instrument, the electronic musical instrument is not limited to a keyboard instrument, and may be any type of instrument such as a stringed instrument, a wind instrument, or a percussion instrument. In addition, the sound source device, the automatic expression device for music data, etc. are not limited to those built in one electronic musical instrument body, but each is configured separately, and each device is connected using communication means such as a MIDI interface or various networks. Needless to say, the present invention can be similarly applied to the structure configured as described above. In addition, a configuration of a personal computer and application software may be used. In this case, the processing program may be supplied from a storage medium such as a magnetic disk, an optical disk, or a semiconductor memory, or may be supplied via a network. Furthermore, the present invention may be applied to an automatic performance device such as a karaoke device or an automatic performance piano, a game device, or a portable communication terminal such as a mobile phone. When applied to a portable communication terminal, not only when a predetermined function is completed with only the terminal, but also a part of the function is provided on the server side, and the predetermined function is realized as a whole system composed of the terminal and the server. You may make it do.
[0039]
【The invention's effect】
According to the present invention, expression processing corresponding to a predetermined performance set by a user is performed before performing processing for automatically adding performance information related to a musical expression specific to a predetermined musical instrument to music data. By allowing the user to listen to the predetermined music, the user can check the result of the expression at any time. Therefore, an effect is obtained that the user can efficiently perform automatic facial expression processing on music data.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a hardware configuration showing an embodiment of an electronic musical instrument to which an automatic expression device for music data according to the present invention is applied.
FIG. 2 is a conceptual diagram for explaining various data stored in a predetermined area of a ROM or an external storage device.
FIG. 3 is a conceptual diagram for explaining various data stored in a predetermined area of a RAM.
FIG. 4 is a conceptual diagram showing an example of a “expression setting parameter setting / confirmation screen”.
FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing an example of “automatic facial expression processing”.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... CPU, 1A ... Timer, 2 ... ROM, 3 ... RAM, 4 ... External storage device, 5 ... Detection circuit, 5A ... Performance instruction operator (keyboard etc.), 6 ... Switch detection circuit, 6A ... Panel operator ( 7 ... display circuit, 7A ... display, 8 ... sound source circuit, 8A ... sound system, 9 ... interface, 1D ... communication bus, Ga ... rendition style template, Gb ... image image of expression parameters, Gc: Parameter setting switch for facial expression, Ba: Audition button, Bb: Setting button

Claims (5)

Parameter supply means for supplying performance parameters for performing musical expression corresponding to a predetermined performance on the music data;
A data supply means for supplying sequence data shorter than the music data, which is used for confirming performance parameters;
An image of the rendition style parameters supplied by the parameter supply means, a setting operation image for changing the content of the rendition style parameters, and an instruction operation image for instructing to start an audition are displayed on the same display screen. Display control means for changing the content of the rendition style parameters in accordance with the operation of the setting operator image and changing the display form of the image of the rendition style parameters ;
Depending on the audition start instruction based on the operation of the instruction operating image, changing the display mode of the images in accordance with the operation of the setting operating image for the sequence data supplied by said data supply means and addition control means for adding musical expressions corresponding to the predetermined rendition style based on the content of the rendition style parameters control is made,
A music data facial expression device comprising musical tone generation means for generating musical sounds based on the sequence data to which the musical expression is added. A rendition style selection means for selecting a desired rendition style from a plurality of rendition styles;
The parameter supply means supplies rendition style parameters corresponding to the rendition style selected by the rendition style selection means from among the rendition style parameters for each of the plurality of types of rendition styles,
It said data supply means, each of the plurality kinds of each rendition style associates includes data storage means for storing sequence data, sequence data corresponding to the rendition style selected by said rendition style selecting means is read from the data storage means 2. The music data expression device according to claim 1 , wherein the music data expression device is supplied . It comprises parameter storage means for storing performance style parameters supplied by the parameter supply means , and the display control means stores the contents of performance style parameters stored in the parameter storage means in response to the operation of the setting operator image. is intended to change,
Said additional control means is characterized by adding musical expressions corresponding to the predetermined rendition style based on the contents of the performance parameter to the to the supplied sequence data stored in said parameter storage means The music data expression device according to claim 1 or 2 . Furthermore,
An acquisition means for acquiring desired music data to be expressed;
Instruction means for instructing the music data to be expressed;
Depending on the instruction by said instruction means, and means for adding musical expressions corresponding to the predetermined rendition style based on the contents of the performance parameter stored in the parameter storage means to said acquired music data
The music data facial expression device according to claim 3, comprising: On the computer,
A procedure for supplying performance parameters for performing musical expression corresponding to a predetermined performance on the music data;
A procedure for supplying sequence data shorter than the music data, which is used for confirmation of performance parameters;
An image of the supplied performance style parameter, a setting operation image for changing the content of the performance style parameter, and an instruction operation image for performing an audition start instruction are displayed on the same display screen, and the setting is performed. Changing the content of the rendition style parameters in accordance with the operation of the operator image and changing the display form of the image of the rendition style parameters ;
Depending on the operation audition start instruction based of the instruction operating image, the control for changing the Viewing form of the picture image in accordance with the operation of the setting operating image to the supplied sequence data is performed a step of adding musical expressions corresponding to the predetermined rendition style based on the contents of the style-of-rendition parameters,
Program for executing the steps of generating a musical tone based on the sequence data added to the musical expression.

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