JP3754148B2 - Sheet metal punching method and punch die used in the same method - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a punching method for a plate material and a punch die used for the method, and more specifically, a sag is formed on both the front and back sides of a punching hole in which a punching process is performed on a plate material, and the The present invention relates to a punching method in which generation is prevented and a punch die used in the method.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, when a plate material is punched with a punch and a die, burrs are generated on the lower surface (back surface) on the die side. Since the burr may damage an operator or a product, the burr may be removed by a deburring device.
[0003]
Further, in order to suppress the generation of the burr, there is a configuration in which a protruding portion that slightly protrudes upward is formed at the peripheral portion of the die hole in the die. This configuration suppresses the occurrence of burrs at the lower edge of the punching hole by causing the annular protrusions to bite into the lower surface of the plate during punching of the plate.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In a configuration in which burrs are removed using a deburring device after punching a plate material, an extra deburring device is required, resulting in space and cost problems.
[0005]
Moreover, in the structure which forms a few protrusions in the peripheral part of the die hole in the die, the wear of the protrusions is severe and there is a problem in the life of the die.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present invention has been made in view of the conventional problems as described above, and the invention according to claim 1 is a punching hole for punching a plate material by punching the plate material with a punch and a die. a first step of processing the guide hole on the surface as well as preformed sag on the back of the row of punching from the front surface side by the punch of the plate in order to the peripheral the sagging Utoki, a protrusion provided on the punch In the second step of punching by engaging with the guide hole, a punching method for a plate material that causes sagging on both front and back surfaces of the peripheral edge of the punching hole.
[0007]
A second aspect of the present invention is the punch mold used in the first step of the plate material punching method according to the first aspect, wherein the punch body is vertically moved on a punch guide provided integrally with the punch head. A guide hole processing portion for processing a guide hole on the surface of the plate material is provided at the center of the lower end of the punch body so as to be movable between the appropriate position on the upper side of the punch guide and the punch body. This is a punch mold in which an elastic member is interposed.
[0008]
A third aspect of the present invention is the punch die used in the second step of the plate material punching method according to the first aspect, wherein the lower punch is supported on the lower side of the punch guide so as to be vertically movable. An upper end of the punch guide is provided at the lower end of the punch tip provided in the body with a cutting edge portion for punching the plate material and a protrusion that can be engaged with a guide hole formed on the surface of the plate material. The punch die is formed by loosely connecting an upper punch body and a lower punch body, which are supported on the side so as to be movable up and down.
[0009]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
In the present invention, when punching a plate (work) with a punch and a die, the back surface (lower surface) of the punching hole for punching is preliminarily generated (first step), and thereafter This is a punching method in which punching is performed from the surface side (upper surface side) of the workpiece (second step) so that the sagging becomes the periphery of the punching hole (second step), and sagging is generated on both the front and back surfaces of the periphery of the punching hole.
[0010]
As described above, the occurrence of burrs during the punching process can be prevented by generating sagging on both the front and back surfaces of the peripheral edge of the punching hole.
[0011]
As already understood, the punching method of the present invention is a two-step processing method. Therefore, the configuration of the mold used in the first step and the second step will be described.
[0012]
FIG. 1 shows a punch die 1 and a die 3 used in the first step. In FIG. 1, a punch die 1 is supported by a punch holder 5 in a punch press so as to be movable up and down, and a die 3 is supported by a die holder 7. The punch holder 5 and the die holder 7 correspond to, for example, upper and lower turrets in a turret punch press.
[0013]
The punch die 1 is provided with a cylindrical punch guide 11 supported by a punch holder 5 via a plurality of lifter springs 9 so as to be movable up and down. A punch body 16 having a punch tip 15 with a guide hole machining portion 13 projecting at the lower portion is provided so as to be movable up and down.
[0014]
The guide hole machining portion 13 is for machining the guide hole on the upper surface of the workpiece W when the sagging is generated in advance on the back surface (lower surface) of the plate material (work W). As shown, a conical shape is desirable. However, various shapes such as a pyramid shape and a cylindrical shape are possible.
[0015]
A punch head holder 17 is integrally fixed to the upper side of the punch guide 11 via an appropriate fixing tool (not shown) such as a bolt. A punch head 19 is screwed to the upper end of the punch head holder 17 so that the position of the punch head can be adjusted vertically.
[0016]
An appropriate position on the upper side of the punch guide 11, between the lower end of the punch head holder 17 and the upper end of the punch body 16 provided integrally in the present embodiment, for example, a coil spring, a dish An appropriate elastic member 27 such as a spring or urethane rubber is interposed.
[0017]
The die 3 includes a die main body 31 having a protruding portion 31P that protrudes upward facing the punch chip 15. On the die main body 31, a ring-like shape surrounding the protruding portion 31P is provided. An ejector 33 is provided to be movable up and down. At a plurality of locations between the ejector 33 and the die body 31, elastic members 35 such as springs for always urging the ejector 33 upward are elastically mounted, and at a plurality of locations of the ejector 33, A stopper bolt 37 penetrating the die body 31 is screwed.
[0018]
By the way, in FIG. 1, the dimension A of the diameter (when the machining hole is circular) or the width (when the machining hole is non-circular) of the punch tip 15 and the diameter or width of the protrusion 31P of the die body 31 are shown. The relationship with dimension B is such that dimension A <dimension B. Note that the dimension A and the dimension B may be equal.
[0019]
FIG. 2 shows a punch die 41 used in the second step. In addition, since the die | dye used for a 2nd process is the structure same as the general die | dye used for the punching process of the workpiece | work W, description about die | dye is abbreviate | omitted. Furthermore, in the punch die 41 shown in FIG. 2, the same reference numerals are given to the constituent parts having the same functions as the punch die 1, and the duplicated explanation is omitted.
[0020]
The punch mold 1 is different from the punch mold 41 between an upper punch body 21U fitted to the punch guide 11 so as to be movable up and down and a punch head 23 screwed onto the upper portion of the upper punch body 21U. The stripper spring 25 is mounted on the lower end, the lower end of the upper punch body 21U and the upper end of the lower punch body 21L are loosely connected, and the lower punch body 21L can be slightly inclined with respect to the punch guide 11. In this configuration, a slight gap is formed between the punch guide 11 and the inner peripheral surface.
[0021]
More specifically, the diameter C or the width C of the punch tip 15 integrally provided in the lower portion of the lower punch body 21L is larger than the diameter A or the width A of the punch tip 15 in the punch mold 1, The die body 31 is provided slightly smaller than the dimension B of the protrusion 31P. At the center of the lower end surface of the punch tip 15 is provided a protrusion 13A that can be engaged with a guide hole formed in the workpiece W by the protrusion 13 of the punch tip 15 of the punch die 1. A cutting edge 15C is formed on the periphery of the end face. A connecting portion 21T connected to the upper punch body 21U protrudes from the upper end portion of the lower punch body 21L, and a flange 21F is formed at the upper end of the connecting portion 21T. A slight gap CL is formed between the large diameter portion of the lower punch body 21L and the inner peripheral surface of the punch guide 11.
[0022]
The flange 21F is engaged in a connecting recess 21C formed at the lower end of the upper punch body 21U so that the lower punch body 21L is movable and inclined in the radial direction within the gap CL. . The connecting portion 21T and the connecting recess 21C are relative and may be provided on either the upper or lower punch body.
[0023]
With the above configuration, the lower punch body 21L is connected to the upper punch body 21U so as to be slightly movable and tiltable in the radial direction. That is, the lower punch body 21L and the upper punch body 21U are loosely connected.
[0024]
The configuration in which the lower punch body 21L and the upper punch body 21U are movably connected is a configuration in which a punching force for punching the workpiece W is transmitted from the upper punch body 21U to the lower punch body 21L. In addition, the lower punch body 21L may be movable and tiltable with respect to the upper punch body 21U, and is not limited to the configuration illustrated in FIG.
[0025]
In the configuration as described above, after the workpiece W is arranged on the ejector 33 in the die body 31, when the punch head 19 in the punch die 1 is pressed by a striker (not shown) in the punch press, first, the lifter spring 9 is resisted. Then, the entire punch die 1 is lowered, and the lower surface of the punch guide 11 comes into contact with the upper surface of the workpiece W.
[0026]
Thereafter, when the striker is further lowered, the ejector 33 is lowered against the elastic member 35 in the die 3, so that the protruding portion 31P of the die body 31 protrudes relatively upward, and the punch guide When 11 is further strongly pressed, as shown in FIG. 3, the protrusion 31P in the die main body 31 bites into the lower surface of the workpiece, and the DL is formed on the lower surface of the workpiece W around the protrusion 31P. Occurs. Further, a guide hole GH is processed on the upper surface of the workpiece W by a guide hole processing unit 13 provided at the center of the lower end surface of the punch tip 15.
[0027]
At this time, the protrusion 31P of the die body 31 bites into the lower surface of the workpiece W, so that the extrusion portion WP may or may not protrude upward on the upper surface of the workpiece W. In short, in the first step, the sagging DL may be formed on the lower surface of the workpiece W, and the guide hole GH may be processed on the upper surface.
[0028]
As described above, after forming the sag DL on the lower surface of the workpiece and processing the guide hole GH on the upper surface, the processed portion of the workpiece W is relatively positioned corresponding to the second punch die 41 (turret punch press). , The turret is turned with respect to the workpiece W to index and position the punch die 41).
[0029]
Thereafter, when the punch head 23 of the punch die 41 is pressed by the striker, the entire punch die 41 is lowered, and the punch guide 11 presses and fixes the workpiece W between the die 45 and the die 45 and the punch tip 15. The workpiece W is punched in cooperation with the above. At this time, the sag DL processed in the first step is formed at the lower peripheral edge of the punching hole PH, and a new small sag DL is formed by punching at the upper peripheral edge of the punching hole PH.
[0030]
That is, there is a sag DL on both the upper and lower surfaces (both front and back surfaces) of the punching hole PH of the workpiece W, and the generation of burrs during the punching process is prevented.
[0031]
By the way, when there is a slight misalignment between the axis of the guide hole GH processed in the first step and the axis of the punch tip 15 in the punch die 41 at the time of processing in the second step, At the time of the punching process, the protrusion 13A of the punch tip 15 engages with the guide hole GH and follows the guide hole GH so that the slight misalignment is corrected, and the punching process around the guide hole GH is performed. Done.
[0032]
By the way, at the time of processing in the first step, it is also possible to perform a huff blanking process so that the blank protrudes upward, and then to process the blank in a second step so as to push it down. In this case, since there is a possibility that burrs may occur on the upper surface of the workpiece during the half blanking process, the dimension C of the lower end portion of the punch tip 15 in the punch die 41 in the second step is the same as that in the punch die 1 in the first step. It is desirable to make it slightly larger than the dimension A of the lower end portion of the punch tip 15. As described above, by making the dimension C used in the second process larger than the dimension A of the lower end portion of the punch tip 15 of the punch die 1 used in the first process, burrs are generated on the upper surface of the workpiece in the first process. Even in such a case, the burrs are also punched at the same time, and the generation of burrs on the upper surface can be eliminated.
[0033]
Further, as shown in FIG. 4, a shaving mold 43 provided with a shaving blade portion 43B around it can be used as the second process mold. In this case, the punching process and the shaving process of the punching hole are performed, and the punched residue WP and the shaving punched residue WS are generated. However, the processing accuracy of the punching hole can be improved. .
[0034]
By the way, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and can be implemented in other modes. That is, in the punch die 1 used in the first step, the punch body 16 can be fixed so as not to move up and down. Alternatively, the punch body 16 may be omitted, the lower surface of the punch guide 11 may be a flat surface without a hole, and the guide hole processing portion 13 may be provided at the center.
[0035]
Further, the punch guide 11 is formed into a rod shape integral with the punch head holder 17, and the punch body 16 is formed in a bottomed cylindrical shape into which the rod-shaped punch guide 11 is fitted. That is, in the configuration shown in FIG. 1, the punch body 16 is positioned in the punch guide 11, but the internal and external positional relationship can be reversed. And it is also possible to set it as the structure which provided the guide hole process part 13 in the lower surface center of the punch body formed in the cylinder shape.
[0036]
【The invention's effect】
As can be understood from the above description , according to the first aspect of the present invention , punching can be performed without generating burrs on both sides of the plate material. Therefore, deburring is not required, and productivity is improved.
[0037]
According to the second aspect of the present invention , when the sagging is formed on the lower surface of the workpiece, the guide hole can be processed on the upper surface of the workpiece, which is used for centering the punch tip when punching is performed in the next step. be able to. At this time, even if the plate thickness of the workpiece changes variously, it can be easily handled by compressing the elastic member.
[0038]
According to the third aspect of the present invention , the protrusion is engaged with the guide hole formed in advance, and even when there is a slight misalignment, the misalignment is corrected following the guide hole. In this mode, punching is performed.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional explanatory view of a punch die and a die that perform processing in a first step.
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional explanatory view of a punch die that performs processing in a second step.
FIG. 3 is an explanatory view showing a punching state of a plate material.
FIG. 4 is an explanatory view showing a punching state of a plate material.
[Explanation of symbols]
1,41 Punch mold 3 Die 11 Punch guide 13 Guide hole processing part 15, 15A Punch tip 17, 17A Punch body 27 Elastic member 31 Die body 31P Projection part 31A Projection part 33 Ejector

Claims (3)

In punching a plate material with a punch and a die, a first step of forming a sag in advance on the back surface of a punching hole for punching the plate material and processing a guide hole on the surface, and using the sag as a peripheral edge to the row of punching by the punch from the surface side of the plate Utoki, by a second step of the protruding portion provided to the punch performs a punching engaged with the guide hole, on both sides of the periphery of said punching hole A method of punching a plate material, characterized by causing sagging. A punch die used in the first step of the plate material punching method according to claim 1, wherein a punch body is provided on a punch guide provided integrally with a punch head so as to be movable up and down. A guide hole processing portion for processing a guide hole on the surface of the plate material is provided at the center of the lower end so as to protrude, and an elastic member is interposed between an appropriate position on the upper side of the punch guide and the punch body. Punch mold characterized by The punch die used in the second step of the punching method for a plate material according to claim 1, wherein the lower end portion of the punch tip provided in the lower punch body supported on the lower side of the punch guide so as to be movable up and down. And provided with a projecting portion that can be engaged with a guide hole formed in advance on the surface of the plate material, and is supported on the upper side of the punch guide so as to be movable up and down. A punch die, wherein an upper punch body and the lower punch body are loosely connected.

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