JP3750415B2 - Liquid crystal panel and projection display device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To reduce an uneven color generated by fluctuation of contrast and brightness in plural picture components brought about due to the azimuth dependency of the optical characteristics of a liquid crystal panel in a projection type display device. SOLUTION: Plural blocks 10A, 10B, having mutually different alignment states, are constituted in an effective display region 10a of a liquid crystal panel 10 comprising an active matrix substrate, a counter substrate and a liquid crystal layer sealed in between, and are constructed so as to make a bright view direction of these blocks axially symmetric with respect to an axis of symmetry bisecting the effective display region 10a.

Description

【００６５】
【化２】

【００６６】
などの主鎖を持つものが、高い電圧保持率、均一な液晶配向及び高いプレチルト角を実現するために特に適している。
【００６７】
また、ポリアミック酸タイプのポリイミド素材としては、
【００６８】
【化３】

【００６９】
の主鎖部の構造を備えたものがある。
【００７０】
上記のようにして表面上に配向膜１１２を形成したアクティブマトリクス基板１１０をイオン照射装置のチャンバー内に導入した。そして、チャンバー内部を真空にして、イオン源１２１からＡｒイオンを放出させ、加速電極１２２によって加速して照射した。
【００７１】
このイオン照射は配向膜１１２に配向処理を施すためのものである。このときの真空度は５×１０^−３ｔｏｒｒであり、イオン照射角度はψ＝４５°であり、加速電圧１００Ｖ、電流密度２０μＡ／ｃｍ^２ の条件でＡｒイオンを照射した。また、この照射条件で、アクティブマトリクス基板１１０を図示矢印の方向（すなわち、透明基板１０のパネル面に平行な（含まれる）方向であって、イオン源１２１がパネル面に対して傾斜している方位に向かう方向）に１ｃｍ／秒の速度で移動（走査）させながら配向処理を実施した。もちろん、アクティブマトリクス基板１１０の代わりにイオン源１２１を走査してもよい。
【００７２】
イオン照射による配向状態は、イオン加速電圧と液晶分子のプレチルト角及び配向秩序度との関係、照射角度とプレチルト角及び配向秩序度との関係、真空度と配向秩序度との関係などに依存することから、これらの関係を予めデータとして取得しておき、これらのデータから配向処理におけるイオン照射の条件を最適化することが好ましい。
【００７３】
イオン加速電圧としては、プレチルト角を高く、配向秩序度を高くするために、１００Ｖ以上、２００Ｖ以下であることが好ましい。また同様に、プレチルト角と配向秩序度の観点から、イオンの照射角度ψは４０〜５０°、特に４５〜５０°であることが好ましい。さらに、イオン照射時の真空度が１０^−１〜１０^−４torrであり、しかも、イオン照射口から配向膜１１２までの距離Ｌが１ｍｍ以上３００ｍｍ以下であることが好ましい。
【００７４】
特に、液晶表示装置としては、配向膜１１２の配向処理後の厚さが１０〜１００ｎｍの範囲内であることが、配向膜による電圧降下の影響を少なくし、しかも、充分な配向規制力を確保するために好ましい。
【００７５】
上述の方法で配向処理する場合、後述するように、アクティブマトリクス基板１１の表面上に部分的に異なる配向処理条件で配向処理を施す場合には、配向膜１１２に対して、図１１（ｂ）に示すように金属製のマスク１１３をセットしてイオン照射を行い、マスク１１３に覆われた領域１１２ａに対しては配向処理を行わないようにする。次に、上記の領域１１２に対しては、イオンビームの照射角度ψを異なる方位に向けて設定し、既に配向処理された配向膜１１２の表面をマスク１１３によって覆った状態で配向処理を行う。このようにすることによって、アクティブマトリクス基板１１上の配向膜１１２に対して異なる方向に液晶分子を配向させる液晶配向領域を形成することができる。
【００７６】
［第３の配向処理方法］
次に、図１２を参照して、さらに異なる配向処理方法について説明する。後述するように高精細な液晶パネルにおいて分割配向パネル構造を形成するには、ラビングローラやバフなどの接触により行うラビング処理は問題が多い。このため、配向膜に紫外線などを照射することによって行う光配向処理を行うことが好ましい。この光配向処理は、例えば、以下に示す方法によって行われる。まず、透明基板７１の表面上に有機高分子等の配向膜材料を塗布した後、図１２（ａ）に示すように、焼成して配向膜７２を形成する。その後、図１２（ｂ）に示すように、配向膜７２上に所定パターンの光マスク７３を配置し、例えば紙面と直交する方向に偏光した紫外線７４を、透明基板７１の表面にほぼ垂直に照射し、複数の画素からなる配向く処理領域部（ブロック）７２ａを形成する。次に、図１２（ｃ）に示すように、上記のマスク７３とは異なる配向膜７２の表面部分を露出させる所定の光マスク７５を用いて配向膜７２に選択的に紫外線７６を照射し、複数の画素からなる配向処理領域部（ブロック）７２ｂを形成する。この紫外線７６は図１２（ｂ）に示す紫外線７４の偏光方向に対して９０度回転した方向（図示左右方向）に偏光したものである。このようにして処理した透明基板７１を、同様に紫外線露光を行い、同様に、異なる配向処理を施した複数のブロックを形成するように処理した配向膜７８を有する対向基板７７と貼り合わせることによって、図１２（ｄ）に示すように液晶パネル７０を形成することができる。ここで、配向膜７２，７８の素材としては、特定方向に偏光した紫外線を照射することによって特定方向に配向した配向膜分子が分解され、特定方向と直交する方向に配向処理（ラビング処理）した場合と類似の液晶配向性能を有するもの（光配向性を有するもの）などが用いられる。この特性によって、異なる偏光方位の紫外線によって照射された複数のブロックにより、互いに異なる方位に液晶分子が配向された液晶配向領域部７９ａ，７９ｂが形成される。ここで、上記のような光配向性を有する有機材料としては、例えば、ＰＶＣｉ（アルドリッチ社製）、ｓ６１０（日産化学社製）などを用いることができる。
【００７７】
［第１実施形態］
次に、上記説明に基づいて、本発明に係る液晶パネルの第１実施形態について説明する。図１３は、第１実施形態の液晶パネルの有効表示領域の明視方向を模式的に示す説明図である。本実施形態では、図１３に示されているように、アクティブマトリクス基板１１と対向基板１２に挟持された液晶を収容した有効表示領域１０ａ内に、当該有効表示領域１０ａを二分する対称軸１０Ｘの両側に一つずつブロック（液晶配向領域部）１０Ａ及び１０Ｂを形成する。これらのブロック１０Ａと１０Ｂは、相互に配向処理の条件を異ならせることによって液晶分子の配向状態が異なるように形成されている。また、ブロック１０Ａと１０Ｂは対称軸１０Ｘの両側において相互に対称な平面形状になるように構成されている。
【００７８】
例えば、各ブロック１０Ａ，１０Ｂの配向状態を異ならせる方法としては、上記の第１の配向処理方法を用いる場合、ブロック１０Ａにおいてはアクティブマトリクス基板１１に図８に示すラビング方向Ｒ（１１）のラビング処理を施し、対向基板１２に図８に点線で示すラビング方向ＡＲ（１２）のラビング処理を実施し、液晶が図８に点線で示すねじれ方向ＡＳを備えるようにして液晶パネルが図示左斜め上方の明視方向を有するように構成する。一方、ブロック１０Ｂにおいては、図８に示すようにアクティブマトリクス基板１１にラビング方向Ｒ（１１）のラビング処理を施し、対向基板１２にラビング方向Ｒ（１２）のラビング処理を実施し、液晶がねじれ方向Ｓを備えるようにして液晶パネルが図示右斜め上の明視方向を有するように構成する。この場合、一方のブロックにラビング処理を施す場合には他方のブロックの基板表面をレジスト層などによって被覆した状態として実施する。
【００７９】
この結果、ブロック１０Ａと１０Ｂとは、図示矢印で示すように、その明視方向が対称軸１０Ｘに対して相互に線対称（ミラー反転状態）となる。したがって、上述の液晶プロジェクタなどの投射型表示装置にライトバルブとして複数の液晶パネル１０を用い、液晶パネル１０の一つによって形成される画像成分が他の液晶パネルによって形成される画像成分に対してミラー反転された状態で合成される場合、本実施形態では画像がミラー反転しても明視方向は反転しない場合と何ら変わらないこととなるので、明視方向の画像に対する方向が異なることに起因する色ムラなどを低減することができる。
【００８０】
特に、上記方法では、アクティブマトリクス基板１１のラビング方向Ｒ（１１）を変えることなく、対向基板１２（対向基板）のラビング方向と液晶のねじれ方向とを変えることによって明視方向を変えている。このため、アクティブマトリクス基板１１に対しては配向膜に異なる配向方向を設定する必要がないため、製造処理を容易にすることができる。
【００８１】
なお、図８に実線で示すように、アクティブマトリクス基板１１にラビング方向Ｒ（１１）のラビング処理を施し、対向基板１２にラビング方向Ｒ（１２）のラビング処理を施す場合には、液晶パネルの明視方向は図示右上方向となるのに対して、アクティブマトリクス基板１１のラビング方向を上記ラビング方向Ｒ（１１）の反対方向に変え、対向基板１２のラビング方向は変えずに、液晶のねじれ方向をＡＳ方向とした場合には、明視方向は図示右下方向となる。この場合、図示右上方向の明視方向を有する液晶パネルと、図示右下方向の明視方向を有する液晶パネルとを用いることにより、画像成分の合成時に複数の画像成分間の関係が上下にミラー反転する液晶プロジェクタの構成であれば同様にミラー反転による明視方向の不一致を回避することができる。
【００８２】
上記方法では、ブロック１０Ａと１０Ｂにおいて異なるねじれ方向を有する液晶を用いる必要があるので液晶層をも分割して形成する必要がある。このように液晶層を分割形成する方法としては、例えば以下のような方法がある。まず、アクティブマトリクス基板１１と対向基板１２との間にシール材等によってブロック間を仕切る仕切り部分を形成しておき、各ブロック毎に液晶注入口を設けて、アクティブマトリクス基板１１と対向基板１２とを貼り合わせる。その後、上記液晶注入口から各ブロック毎に液晶を注入する。このとき、各ブロックの配向処理状態に合わせて所望のねじれ方向が得られる液晶を選択して注入する。この方法では、各ブロックがそれぞれ液晶注入口を供えている必要があるので、各ブロックは基本的に液晶パネルの外周部に面していなければならない。
【００８３】
したがって、図１３に示すようにブロックの数が少ない場合に構成可能ではあるが、ブロックの数が多くなると製造が困難若しくは不可能になる。このため、液晶のねじれ方向を変えることなく、明視方向を変えるために、図１０に示すように、アクティブマトリクス基板１１，１２の双方のラビング方向を変える方法を用いることが好ましい。
【００８４】
また、ブロック１０Ａ，１０Ｂのラビング処理は、上記のように図８及び図１０に示す方法でなくとも、図７又は図９に示す方法によって実施することもできる。このとき、ミラー反転するときの対称軸１０Ｘに対して線対称な明視方向が設定されていればよい。特に、本実施形態では、アクティブマトリクス基板１１上に配線構造を有するため、配向処理としてラビング処理を行う場合には、配線に沿ったラビング処理を行うことによって、配線部の厚さに起因するラビング不良を低減することができる。
【００８５】
さらにまた、上記のように配向処理方法としては上記の第１の配向処理方法（ラビング処理）に限らず、上記の第２の配向処理方法（イオン照射法）や第３の配向処理方法（紫外線照射法）など、種々の配向処理方法を用いることができる。特に、複数のブロックを形成する場合には、製造の容易性を向上させ、配向処理の品位を高め、或いは、液晶への悪影響を低減するためにも、光、電子線、イオン線などのビーム照射による配向処理であることが好ましい。
【００８６】
第２及び第３の配向処理方法を用いる場合、同一の配向方向で処理する１又は複数のブロックをまとめて処理するようにマスクを形成して一括して処理し、この処理を異なる配向方向に処理する１又は複数のブロック毎に順次実施していくことが望ましい。
【００８７】
図１４は上記実施形態の変形例を示すものであり、液晶パネルの有効表示領域の明視方向を模式的に説明する図である。有効表示領域１０ａは対称軸１０Ｘに加えて、上下の対称軸に対して二つずつ合計４つのブロック１０Ｃ，１０Ｄ，１０Ｅ，１０Ｆを備えている。この場合、図示のように、ブロック１０Ｃと１０Ｄとは、対称軸１０Ｘに対して線対称となる位置に配置されているとともに線対称となる平面パターンで構成されており、さらに、ブロック１０Ｃの明視方向と、ブロック１０Ｄの明視方向とは、対称軸１０Ｘを挟んで相互に線対称な方向に設定されている。また、ブロック１０Ｅと１０Ｆとは、対称軸１０Ｘに対して線対称となる位置に配置されているとともに線対称となる平面パターンで構成されており、さらに、ブロック１０Ｅの明視方向とブロック１０Ｆの明視方向とが対称軸１０Ｘを挟んで線対称な方向に設定されている。このような構成を有することにより、ミラー反転だけではなく、画像が上下反転しても明視方向は反転しない場合と何ら変わらないこととなるので、明視方向の画像に対する方向が異なることに起因する色ムラなどを低減することができる。
【００８８】
図１５もまた同様に他の変形例を示すものであり、４つのブロック１０Ｇ，１０Ｈ，１０Ｉ，１０Ｊは図１４に示すものと同様に区画されている。各ブロックは図１４に示すものと異なる明視方向を備えているが、対称軸１０Ｘに対して左右のブロックの配置及び平面パターン並びに明視方向が線対称に構成されている点は全く同様である。
【００８９】
図１６には、有効表示領域１０ａ内をさらに細分化した場合を示すものである。この変形例においては、対称軸１０Ｘの両側にそれぞれ１２個ずつの合計２４個のブロック１０ｋ（ｋ＝１，２，・・，２４）が配列されており、その配列構造（配置及び平面パターン）及び各ブロックの明視方向は、共に対称軸１０Ｘに対して左右に線対称（ミラー反転）になるように構成されている。
【００９０】
［第２実施形態］
次に、図１７を参照して、本発明に係る液晶パネルの第２実施形態について説明する。この実施形態では、有効表示領域１０ａ内が対称軸１０Ｘの両側にそれぞれ１２個ずつの合計２４個のブロック１０ｎ（ｎ＝１，２，・・，２４）に分割されている。ブロック１０ｎの配列状態は、対称軸１０Ｘの両側に線対称に構成されている。
【００９１】
この実施形態では、各ブロック１０ｎの明視方向は、上記の第１実施形態のように対称軸１０Ｘに対して線対称ではなく、対称軸１０Ｘの左右においてそれぞれランダムに分布している。ここで、各ブロックは、隣接するブロックに対して異なる明視方向を備えている。したがって、投射型表示装置として複数のこの液晶パネル１０を用い、各液晶パネルのうち一つの液晶パネルにより形成される画像を他の液晶パネルにより形成される画像に対してミラー反転した状態で合成する場合、完全に明視方向の分布が両画像で一致することはない。しかし、対称軸１０Ｘの両側で複数のブロック１０ｎが設けられ、それぞれの明視方向がランダムに形成されているので、画像を合成した際の合成画像の色ムラの発生は抑制され、目立たなくなる。特に、ブロック１０ｎの数を多く形成することによって、合成画像の色ムラを充分に低減することができる。上述のように明視方向の分布が一画像とミラー反転した画像とで一致しない場合であっても、少なくとも２４個以上のブロックに分ければ、色ムラの発生を抑えることができる。
【００９２】
［第３実施形態］
次に、図１８を参照して本発明に係る液晶パネルの第３実施形態について説明する。この実施形態では、有効表示領域１０ａ内に複数のブロック１０ｍ（ｍ＝１，２，・・，３２）が形成されている。この実施形態では、ブロック１０ｍが対称軸１０Ｘの両側に線対称に配置されていない。また、対称軸１０Ｘはブロック１０ｍの境界にも合致していない。すなわち、対称軸１０Ｘに跨るように配置されたブロックが存在する。さらに、各ブロック１０ｍの明視方向は対称軸１０Ｘに対して線対称に設定されておらず、対称軸１０Ｘの両側でそれぞれランダムに配向している。この実施形態でも、隣接するブロックは相互に異なる明視方向を備えている。
【００９３】
このように構成した場合でも、ブロック１０ｍの数を多くすることによって、各液晶パネル１０にて形成された画像成分を合成した合成画像の色ムラを充分に低減することができる。
【００９４】
【発明の効果】
以上説明したように本発明によれば、有効表示領域内に複数の画素からなるブロックが形成され、各ブロックは配向処理状態が異なり、有効表示領域内でブロック毎に明視方向が相互に異なることになるため、液晶パネル全体として明視方向が特定方向に偏りにくくなる。従って、当該液晶パネルにて形成された画像をミラー反転させても明視方向の変化に起因する画質への影響が少なくなる。また、複数の液晶パネルによって形成された画像成分を合成して合成画像を形成する場合、各画像成分間がミラー反転した状態で合成されたとしても明視方向の相違に起因する色ムラなどを低減することができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】本発明に係る投射型表示装置の実施形態としての液晶プロジェクタの光学系の構造を示す概略構成図である。
【図２】同実施形態に内蔵する液晶パネルの平面構造を示す模式的な概略平面図である。
【図３】同実施形態に内蔵する液晶パネルの断面構造を示す模式的な概略断面図である。
【図４】同実施形態における液晶パネルを構成するアクティブマトリクス基板の表面構造の等価回路を示す等価回路図である。
【図５】同実施形態における液晶パネルを構成するアクティブマトリクス基板の表面構造の平面構造を示す拡大平面図である。
【図６】同実施形態における液晶パネルを構成するアクティブマトリクス基板の表面構造の断面（図５のVI−VI線に沿って切断した状態）を示す概略拡大断面図である。
【図７】同液晶パネルの斜め方向に設定されたラビング方向と明視方向との関係を示す説明図である。
【図８】同液晶パネルの配線方向に設定されたラビング方向と明視方向との関係を示す説明図である。
【図９】図７に示すものと同様の明視方向の変更を両透明基板のラビング方向のみの変更によって実現する方法を示す説明図である。
【図１０】図８に示すものと同様の明視方向の変更を両透明基板のラビング方向のみの変更によって実現する方法を示す説明図である。
【図１１】イオン照射による配向処理方法を示す説明図（ａ）及び（ｂ）である。
【図１２】複数のブロック及びブロックを形成するための紫外線照射による配向処理方法を示す工程説明図（ａ）〜（ｄ）である。
【図１３】本発明に係る液晶パネルの第１実施形態の構成を示す概略説明図である。
【図１４】本発明に係る液晶パネルの第１実施形態の変形例の構成を示す概略説明図である。
【図１５】本発明に係る液晶パネルの第１実施形態の変形例の構成を示す概略説明図である。
【図１６】本発明に係る液晶パネルの第１実施形態の変形例の構成を示す概略説明図である。
【図１７】本発明に係る液晶パネルの第２実施形態の構成を示す概略説明図である。
【図１８】本発明に係る液晶パネルの第３実施形態の構成を示す概略説明図である。
【図１９】従来の液晶パネルを含む液晶装置の一例としての液晶パネルジュールの構造を模式的に示す概略断面図である。
【図２０】液晶パネル内の液晶層における液晶の配向方向及び光学特性の方向を示す説明図である。
【図２１】液晶パネルにおける図２０に示すＳＺ平面内の視角φに対するコントラスト比の変化を示すグラフである。
【図２２】液晶パネルにおける図２０に示すＬＺ平面内の視角θに対するコントラスト比の変化を示すグラフである。
【図２３】液晶パネルの出射光の視角φ、θと明視方向との関係を示す説明図である。
【符号の説明】
１０ 液晶パネル
１０ａ 有効表示領域
１０Ａ，１０Ｂ，・・１０Ｊ，１０ｋ，１０ｎ，１０ｍ 液晶配向領域部
１１ アクティブマトリクス基板
１２ 対向基板
Ｒ（１１），Ｒ（１２），ＡＲ（１１），ＡＲ（１２） ラビング方向
Ｓ，ＡＳ 液晶のねじれ方向
１１００ 液晶プロジェクタ
１００Ｒ，１００Ｂ，１００Ｇ 液晶ライトバルブ
１１１２ プリズムユニット（ダイクロイックプリズム）[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a liquid crystal panel, a method for manufacturing the same, and a projection display device, and more particularly, a plurality of liquid crystal panels are used to form a plurality of image components, and the plurality of image components are combined to form a desired image, for example, a color image. It is related with the structure of a liquid crystal panel suitable when using for the projection type display apparatus comprised so that it may project.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, in a projection display device using a liquid crystal panel as a light valve, for example, a liquid crystal projector, in general, light of the three primary colors of red, blue, and green is passed through different liquid crystal panels, and image components for each color are collected. It forms, combines these image components to create a desired color image, and projects forward.
[0003]
When combining the three color image components, a cubic dichroic prism is used, and one liquid crystal panel is arranged adjacent to each of the two side surfaces and the front surface of the four outer peripheral surfaces of the dichroic prism. By irradiating three colors of light, two of the three color image components are introduced from the side of the dichroic prism and selectively reflected, and the remaining one color image component is introduced from the front and transmitted. In some cases, the composite image is emitted from the back surface of the dichroic prism.
[0004]
As a liquid crystal panel used in the above liquid crystal projector, a TN type active matrix panel is generally used. This liquid crystal panel is formed in a matrix by injecting a TN liquid crystal layer between two transparent substrates and arranging two polarizing plates with light transmission axes orthogonal to each other outside the transparent substrate. The light transmission state is changed by applying an electric field to each pixel. An active element such as a TFT (Thin Film Transistor) element or an MIM (Metal-Insulator-) element is formed on one side of the transparent substrate so that a desired video signal can be selectively applied to each pixel electrode.
[0005]
A schematic configuration of a liquid crystal device (liquid crystal panel module) used in a liquid crystal projector using such a conventional liquid crystal panel will be described with reference to FIG. The liquid crystal panel 10 includes an active matrix substrate 11 on which a transparent pixel electrode, an alignment film, a pixel switching thin film transistor (hereinafter referred to as TFT), a data line, a scanning line, a capacitor line, and the like are formed, a transparent counter electrode, The counter substrate 12 on which an alignment film is formed and a liquid crystal layer 13 injected and sandwiched in an effective display area 10a between the substrates 11 and 12 are roughly configured. As the liquid crystal injected here, TN (twisted nematic) mode liquid crystal that is twisted and aligned at 90 ° between the substrates by the alignment film on the inner surfaces of the active matrix substrate 11 and the counter substrate 12 is widely used. In the liquid crystal panel 10 configured as described above, in the active matrix substrate 11, the alignment state in the liquid crystal layer 13 is controlled between the pixel electrode and the counter electrode by an image signal applied from the data line to the pixel electrode via the TFT. can do. The portion of the liquid crystal layer 13 where the pixel electrode and the counter electrode oppose each other can individually control the optical state realized by the liquid crystal as a pixel region. On the inner surface of the counter substrate 12, a light shielding film 12a for separating the effective display area in which the pixel areas are arranged and the non-display area is formed.
[0006]
On the outer surfaces of the active matrix substrate 11 and the counter substrate 12 of the liquid crystal panel 10, the counter substrate 12 made of glass or the like is surface-bonded with a transparent adhesive (not shown). These counter substrates 12 prevent the image quality of the image formed by the liquid crystal panel 10 from deteriorating if the outer surfaces of the active matrix substrate 11 and the counter substrate 12 are scratched or dust is attached. It is provided for this purpose. The scratches on the outer surfaces of the active matrix substrate 11 and the counter substrate 12 are optically concealed by the counter substrate 12 bonded to the surface via the transparent adhesive, and dust is also formed on the outer surfaces of the active matrix substrate 11 and the counter substrate 12. Can be prevented from adhering. There is a possibility that scratches may be formed on the outer surface of the counter substrate 12 or dust may be attached, but these outer surfaces are separated from the liquid crystal layer 13, so that the defocusing effect causes these outer surfaces to be on the outer surfaces. The effect of scratches and dust on the image is reduced.
[0007]
The panel assembly composed of the active matrix substrate 11, the counter substrate 12, and the transparent substrates 1 and 2 is housed inside the case body 20 having a light shielding property in a state where an adhesive is applied, and the case body is engaged. In the state where the holder 24 is mounted by being engaged with the portion 23, the adhesive is cured and fixed.
[0008]
The liquid crystal panel module is irradiated with light emitted from a light source in the projection display device through a condensing system. Here, the illustrated incident light I enters the transparent substrate 2 from a direction orthogonal to the liquid crystal layer 13. Incident light I passes through the transparent substrate 2 and the counter substrate 12, undergoes predetermined light modulation in the liquid crystal layer 13, and passes through the active matrix substrate 11 and the transparent substrate 1 to be emitted.
[0009]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In the liquid crystal panel 10 configured as described above, as shown in FIG. 20 schematically illustrating the alignment state of the liquid crystal, the liquid crystal 13LC is twisted and aligned at 90 ° between the active matrix substrate 11 and the counter substrate 12. It is in. In order to give such a 90 ° twist to the liquid crystal 13LC, after forming a polyimide film or the like as an alignment film on the surfaces of the active matrix substrate 11 and the counter substrate 12, the rubbing directions are indicated by arrows A and B, respectively. As shown in the figure, after a rubbing process is performed in a direction perpendicular to each other between the pair of substrates, the active matrix substrate 11 and the counter substrate 12 are bonded together, and the liquid crystal 13LC is filled in the gap. As a result, the liquid crystal 13LC is oriented with the major axis direction in the rubbing direction to the alignment film, and the major axis direction of the liquid crystal 13LC is twisted by 90 ° between the pair of substrates 11 and 12. Here, in FIG. 20, the alignment direction A of the active matrix substrate 11 is the positive direction of the Y axis, the alignment direction B of the counter substrate 12 is the negative direction of the X axis, and the incident direction of the incident light I is the Z axis. For the negative direction.
[0010]
In the liquid crystal panel 10 using the liquid crystal 13LC twisted and aligned in this way, the contrast characteristic is directional depending on the alignment state (major axis direction and long axis inclination) of the liquid crystal 13LCC located in the center between the substrates 11 and 12. Indicates. That is, when the liquid crystal 13LC is aligned as shown in FIG. 20, the direction when the major axis of the liquid crystal 13LCC is projected on the panel surface is the direction parallel to the L axis, and the direction orthogonal to the direction is the S axis. Assuming that the directions are parallel to each other, the L axis and the S axis are directions having an angle of 45 degrees on the XY plane with respect to the X axis and the Y axis. In this case, the contrast characteristics when viewed from the direction included in the plane including the S axis and the Z axis (referred to as the SZ plane) are symmetrical with respect to the Z axis as shown in FIG. Here, as shown in FIG. 23, the viewing angle φ is an angle in the viewing direction included in the SZ plane with respect to the Z axis. In contrast, as shown in FIG. 22, the contrast characteristic when viewed from the direction included in the plane including the L axis and the Z axis (referred to as the LZ plane) is the positive side of the L axis from the Z axis direction. There is a contrast peak in a slightly deviated orientation, and when it deviates from it, the contrast is greatly lowered. For example, the contrast is significantly reduced on the negative side of the L axis. In such a case, the direction on the positive side of the L axis is called the clear vision direction, and the opposite direction is called the reverse clear vision direction. Here, as shown in FIG. 23, the viewing angle θ is an angle in the viewing direction viewed from the direction included in the LZ plane with respect to the Z axis. The clear vision angle θ ₀ Is the value of the viewing angle θ at which the peak of the contrast ratio is obtained, and is usually about 2 to 8 degrees, although it varies depending on the characteristics and inclination of the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal panel.
[0011]
By the way, in the above-described liquid crystal projector, among the image components modulated by the liquid crystal panel, the image component reflected by the selective reflection surface in the dichroic prism and the image component transmitted through the dichroic prism are mirror-inverted with each other. Synthesized in state. In the liquid crystal projector, among the image components of the red, blue, and green panels, for example, in the green panel, image components that are mirror-inverted with respect to the red and blue panels are synthesized by the dichroic prism. At this time, since a plurality of liquid crystal panels installed in the liquid crystal projector are usually the same as each other, if there is orientation dependency in the optical characteristics of the liquid crystal panel, image components of different colors that are mirror-inverted with each other are combined. In this case, there is a problem that color unevenness may occur in the original image to be reproduced.
[0012]
Usually, in a projection type display device such as a liquid crystal projector, the viewing angle dependency itself affects the reproduced image because the viewing angle range with good visibility is limited unlike the case of a general liquid crystal display panel. However, the liquid crystal panel has not only the viewing angle itself but also the azimuth dependence of the optical characteristics, that is, the contrast and brightness change depending on the azimuth angle of the line of sight. An in-plane distribution peculiar to the contrast and brightness occurs. For example, in the TN liquid crystal, the above-mentioned clear vision direction determined by the rubbing direction and the twist direction of the liquid crystal molecules exists, and when viewed from the clear vision direction, other directions are of course in the region where the viewing angle is low. That is, the contrast increases compared to the normal direction to the liquid crystal panel. In particular, when the clear vision direction is deviated from the direction of the symmetry axis of mirror inversion of the image component, the mirror inversion reverses the direction corresponding to the clear vision direction in the image component, which causes color unevenness in the composite image. .
[0013]
Therefore, the present invention solves the above-mentioned problems, and the problem is that in the projection type display device, the contrast and brightness of a plurality of image components caused by the orientation dependency of the optical characteristics of the liquid crystal panel are provided. An object of the present invention is to provide a liquid crystal panel structure capable of reducing color unevenness caused by variation.
[0014]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above problems, a liquid crystal panel according to the present invention is a liquid crystal panel in which a liquid crystal layer is sandwiched between a pair of substrates, and a plurality of pixels are arranged between the pair of substrates. The liquid crystal layer side of at least one substrate is subjected to a liquid crystal alignment process, and the first block composed of a plurality of pixels and the second block composed of a plurality of pixels on the one substrate are aligned with each other. Are different.
[0015]
According to the present invention, since the plurality of blocks have different alignment states, the clear viewing direction differs from block to block, and therefore the clear viewing direction is less likely to be biased in a specific direction as the entire liquid crystal panel. Even if the image formed on the panel is mirror-inverted, the influence on the image quality due to the change in the clear viewing direction is reduced. Therefore, for example, when a composite image is formed by combining image components formed by a plurality of liquid crystal panels, even if the image components are combined in a mirror-inverted state, color unevenness caused by a difference in clear vision direction, etc. Can be reduced.
[0016]
In the liquid crystal panel of the present invention, a liquid crystal layer is sandwiched between a pair of substrates, and an effective display region in which a plurality of pixels are arranged is provided between the pair of substrates. At least one of the substrates is subjected to a liquid crystal alignment process, and the effective display area includes a first block composed of a plurality of pixels and a second block composed of a plurality of pixels in the one substrate. The liquid crystal alignment treatment directions are different from each other, and the first and second blocks are formed so as to be line symmetric with respect to a symmetry axis that substantially bisects the effective display area, and are symmetrical on both sides of the symmetry axis. The first and second blocks arranged at positions are configured so that the clear viewing directions are line symmetric with respect to the symmetry axis.
[0017]
According to the present invention, a plurality of blocks are formed in the effective display area, and the plurality of blocks are formed so as to be line symmetric with respect to a symmetry axis that substantially bisects the effective display area. Even if the image formed on the liquid crystal panel is mirror-inverted, the clear vision direction between the blocks arranged at the symmetrical positions on both sides is configured to be line symmetric with respect to the symmetry axis. Since there is almost no effect on the image quality due to the change in the clear vision direction, when combining the image components formed by multiple liquid crystal panels to form a composite image, the image components are combined in a mirror-inverted state. Even if this is the case, color unevenness caused by the difference in the clear vision direction can be reduced.
[0018]
Here, not only the clear vision direction but also the arrangement state of the blocks may not be line symmetric with respect to the symmetry axis. Moreover, you may be comprised so that the block arrange | positioned so that a symmetric axis may be straddled may be included.
[0019]
In each of the above inventions, it is preferable that the first and second blocks are formed by partially changing the alignment treatment conditions for the surface of the one substrate facing the liquid crystal layer.
[0020]
According to the present invention, since the alignment state of the liquid crystal molecules can be controlled by partially changing the alignment processing conditions on the substrate surface, a plurality of blocks with different clear viewing directions can be obtained without changing the structure of the conventional liquid crystal panel. Can be formed.
[0021]
In the liquid crystal panel of the present invention, a liquid crystal layer is sandwiched between a pair of substrates, and an effective display region in which a plurality of pixels are arranged is provided between the pair of substrates. At least one of the substrates is subjected to a liquid crystal alignment process, and the effective display area is divided into four blocks that are line-symmetrically divided with respect to the upper and lower symmetry axes and the left and right symmetry axes. And the four blocks have different visual directions and are symmetrical with respect to the axis of symmetry.
[0022]
According to the present invention, the clear viewing direction of the effective display area is configured to be line symmetric with respect to both the left and right and top and bottom symmetry axes. The effect on image quality due to the change in the clear vision direction is almost eliminated even when the mirrors are flipped up and down, so when compositing image components formed by multiple liquid crystal panels to form a composite image, Even if they are combined in a mirror-reversed state, color unevenness due to the difference in the clear vision direction can be reduced.
[0023]
In the liquid crystal panel of the present invention, a liquid crystal layer is sandwiched between a pair of substrates, and an effective display region in which a plurality of pixels are arranged is provided between the pair of substrates. At least one of the substrates is subjected to a liquid crystal alignment process, and the effective display area includes a plurality of blocks made up of a plurality of pixels, and the plurality of blocks have different liquid crystal alignment processing directions, and the plurality of blocks The clear viewing direction of the block is not line symmetric with respect to the symmetry axis of the effective display area.
[0024]
According to the present invention, the clear vision direction of each of the plurality of blocks is not line symmetric with respect to the symmetry axis of the effective display area. For example, even if the blocks are randomly formed, the number of blocks is, for example, 24 or more. If so, the occurrence of color unevenness in the composite image is suppressed and becomes inconspicuous.
[0025]
Next, as a liquid crystal panel manufacturing method, a liquid crystal layer is sandwiched between a pair of substrates, and an effective display area in which a plurality of pixels are arranged is provided between the pair of substrates. The first block consisting of a plurality of pixels is subjected to alignment processing under predetermined alignment processing conditions on the surface of at least one of the pair of substrates facing the liquid crystal layer, and the second block consisting of a plurality of pixels is formed. The liquid crystal layer is formed by performing alignment processing under predetermined alignment processing conditions different from those of the first block, and then bonding the pair of substrates and injecting liquid crystal therebetween.
[0026]
According to the present invention, since a plurality of blocks are formed in the effective display area and the alignment state is different for each block, the clear viewing direction is different for each block in the effective display area. As a result, the clear vision direction is less likely to be biased in a specific direction. For this reason, even if the image formed on the liquid crystal panel is mirror-inverted, the influence on the image quality due to the change in the clear vision direction is reduced. Therefore, when a composite image is formed by combining image components formed by a plurality of liquid crystal panels, even if the image components are combined in a mirror-inverted state, color unevenness caused by a difference in clear vision direction, etc. Can be reduced. In addition, since it is only necessary to partially change the alignment processing conditions, a plurality of blocks having different clear vision directions can be formed without complicated steps.
[0027]
In the present invention, the first and second blocks are formed so as to be line-symmetric with respect to a symmetry axis that substantially bisects the effective display area, and the first blocks are arranged at symmetrical positions on both sides of the symmetry axis. An orientation process is performed so that the clear vision directions of the first block and the second block are line-symmetric with respect to the symmetry axis.
[0028]
According to the present invention, a plurality of blocks are formed in the effective display area, and the plurality of blocks are formed so as to be line symmetric with respect to a symmetry axis that substantially bisects the effective display area. Even if the image formed on the liquid crystal panel is mirror-inverted, the clear vision direction between the blocks arranged at the symmetrical positions on both sides is configured to be line symmetric with respect to the symmetry axis. Since there is almost no effect on the image quality due to the change in the clear vision direction, when combining the image components formed by multiple liquid crystal panels to form a composite image, the image components are combined in a mirror-inverted state. Even if this is the case, color unevenness caused by the difference in the clear vision direction can be reduced.
[0029]
In the present invention, the alignment processing direction of the one substrate and the twisting direction of the liquid crystal are different from each other in the first block and the second block, and the alignment processing direction of the pair of substrates with respect to the other substrate is the first substrate. And the second block has the same direction.
[0030]
According to this configuration, since the alignment direction of the other substrate can be made common, it is not necessary to perform the alignment process for each block on the substrate.
[0031]
In the present invention, a common liquid crystal is injected into the first and second blocks, and the liquid crystal of the first and second blocks is changed by changing the alignment processing direction of the first block and the second block with respect to the one substrate. It is characterized in that the orientation state of is changed.
[0032]
According to this configuration, since a common liquid crystal can be injected between a pair of substrates, it is not necessary to provide a plurality of liquid crystal injection ports, and a plurality of blocks can be easily formed by a normal liquid crystal panel structure. .
[0033]
In each of the above inventions, it is preferable that an alignment treatment is performed by beam irradiation on an alignment film formed on a surface of the one substrate facing the liquid crystal layer.
[0034]
According to the present invention, by performing alignment treatment by irradiating the alignment film with a beam of light, electron beam, ion, etc., it is possible to easily form a plurality of blocks and to suppress deterioration of display quality. it can. Since it is not necessary to cover with a resist or the like, a complicated process is not required.
[0035]
In the present invention, the beam irradiation is preferably ion beam irradiation.
[0036]
According to this configuration, the ion beam irradiation can easily control the beam irradiation position and the irradiation amount as compared with other beam irradiations, so that a good alignment state can be obtained and alignment failure can be suppressed. In the present invention, it is preferable to control the liquid crystal alignment direction of the block by irradiating the surface of the one substrate obliquely with the ion beam and partially changing the irradiation direction of the ion beam.
[0037]
According to this configuration, since the orientation direction can be changed only by changing the direction of the substrate or the direction of beam irradiation, the orientation treatment in a predetermined direction can be performed without a complicated manufacturing process. In each of the above inventions, the liquid crystal alignment treatment direction of the block may be controlled by performing the beam irradiation using a mask that partially covers the surface of the substrate.
[0038]
According to this configuration, even when there are a plurality of blocks in the same orientation processing direction, the processing can be performed in a lump, and thus the processing time can be shortened.
[0039]
In this case, in particular, it is preferable to use the active matrix substrate in the active matrix liquid crystal panel as the one substrate and perform alignment treatment along the wiring direction in accordance with the direction of the wiring formed on the active matrix substrate. .
[0040]
Further, in each of the above inventions, the pixels arranged in a matrix, switching elements formed for each pixel, and intersecting data lines and scanning lines for supplying a potential to the switching elements are provided, In some cases, the alignment state of the liquid crystal in the block may be changed by performing alignment processing of the block in a direction along one of the data line and the scanning line.
[0041]
According to the present invention, a plurality of blocks can be formed by performing an alignment process in a direction along one of the intersecting data lines and scan lines. However, the direction of the alignment process is along the data lines or the scan lines. Therefore, when performing rubbing as an alignment processing method, it is possible to reduce defects in alignment processing due to steps on the substrate surface formed by wiring layers of data lines and scanning lines.
[0042]
A plurality of liquid crystal panels according to the above inventions are provided, and a composite image formed by combining a plurality of image components light-modulated by each liquid crystal panel is projected, and at least one of the image components is the other image. The projection display device is configured to be combined in a state where a mirror is inverted with respect to the symmetry axis extending in a direction different from the clear viewing direction of the liquid crystal panel.
[0043]
According to the present invention, a plurality of blocks are provided on the liquid crystal panel, and the adjacent regions thereof have different clear vision directions, or the clear vision directions are formed symmetrically with respect to the symmetry axis. Even if the image formed by the liquid crystal panel is mirror-reversed, the influence on the image caused by the clear vision direction can be reduced, so that color unevenness of the composite image can be reduced and a high-quality composite image can be obtained. be able to.
[0044]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Next, embodiments according to the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0045]
[Overall configuration of projection display device]
Initially, the whole structure of the projection type display apparatus in this embodiment is demonstrated. FIG. 1 shows the structure of an optical system of a projection display device. As shown in FIG. 1, the projection display device 1100 prepares three liquid crystal display modules that are liquid crystal devices including the liquid crystal panel 10 described above, each for R (red), G (green), and B (blue). The projector is configured as a light valve 100R, 100G, and 100B. In the liquid crystal projector 1100, when projection light is emitted from a lamp unit 1102 of a white light source such as a metal halide lamp, light components R, G, and R corresponding to the three primary colors of RGB are obtained by three mirrors 1106 and two dichroic mirrors 1108. The light is divided into B and led to the light valves 100R, 100G, and 100B corresponding to the respective colors. At this time, in particular, the B light is guided through a relay lens system 1121 including an incident lens 1122, a relay lens 1123, and an exit lens 1124 in order to prevent light loss due to a long optical path. The light components corresponding to the three primary colors modulated by the light valves 100R, 100G, and 100B are synthesized again by the dichroic prism 1112 and then projected as a color image on the screen 1120 via the projection lens 1114.
[0046]
In such a liquid crystal projector 20, when FIG. 1 displays a cross section of the apparatus, among the image components modulated by the liquid crystal light valves 100R, 100G, and 100B, the liquid crystal light valves 100R and 100B are used. The image component formed by the above is reflected by the selective reflection surface in the dichroic prism 1112, but the image component formed by the liquid crystal light valve 100G is transmitted through the dichroic prism 1112 as it is without being reflected. Therefore, the image component formed based on the light beams R and B and the image component formed based on the light beam G are combined in a state where they are mirror-inverted with respect to each other about the vertical axis in the left-right direction. Will be projected.
[0047]
[LCD panel structure]
As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the liquid crystal panel 10 constituting the liquid crystal light valves 100R, 100G, and 100B includes an active matrix substrate 11 made of glass or the like and a counter substrate 12 through a sealing material 14 with a predetermined gap. The liquid crystal 13 is injected into a liquid crystal injection region 10 a which is bonded to have a (cell gap) and is formed inside the sealing material 14. The liquid crystal 13 is injected from a liquid crystal injection port 14a provided in the sealing material 14, and the liquid crystal injection port 14a is then sealed with a sealing agent 15 made of resin or the like. As the sealing material 14, an epoxy resin and various photo-curing resins can be used. In order to secure the cell gap, an inorganic or organic fiber or sphere having a particle size (about 2 to 10 μm) corresponding to the cell gap is mixed in the sealing material 14.
[0048]
The active matrix substrate 11 has a slightly larger surface area than the counter substrate 12, and an active element such as a wiring layer such as a data line and a scanning line, a transparent electrode, and a TFT (thin film transistor) is provided on the inner surface corresponding to a large number of pixels. Is formed. Transparent electrodes corresponding to the pixels are also formed on the inner surface of the counter substrate 12. A light shielding film 12 a formed in a circular shape is formed inside the region where the sealing material 14 is formed outside the pixel corresponding region on the inner surface of the counter substrate 12.
[0049]
A wiring pattern 11a that is conductively connected to wiring layers formed on the inner surfaces of the active matrix substrate 11 and the counter substrate 12 is formed outside the formation region of the sealing material 14 on the inner surface of the active matrix substrate 11, A scanning line driving circuit 17 and a data line driving circuit 18 are formed in accordance with the wiring pattern 11a. Further, an outer edge portion on one side of the active matrix substrate 11 is configured with an external terminal portion 11b in which a large number of external terminals 19 are arranged, and flexible wiring is provided to the external terminal portion 11b through an anisotropic conductive film or the like. A wiring member such as the substrate 16 is conductively connected.
[0050]
As the liquid crystal 13, a liquid crystal panel suitable for various modes such as an IPS (in-plain switching) mode and a VA (vertically aligned) mode can be used in addition to the TN type and the STN type. In the liquid crystal panel 10, the polarizing film, the retardation film, the polarizing plate, etc. are oriented in a predetermined direction according to the type of liquid crystal 13 to be used, the operation mode, the display mode (normally white, normally black), and the like. Attached.
[0051]
FIG. 4 shows an equivalent circuit diagram on the active matrix substrate 11 (element substrate) when an active matrix type liquid crystal panel using TFTs is configured, and FIG. 5 shows a planar arrangement on the same active matrix substrate 11. FIG. 6 schematically shows a cross-sectional structure taken along line VI-VI in FIG. As shown in FIG. 4, scanning lines 101 and data lines 103 are formed on the active matrix substrate 11 so as to be parallel in the vertical and horizontal directions. The scanning lines 101 are connected to the gates of the TFTs 104 formed for each pixel. Are connected to the data line 103. The drain of the TFT 104 is electrically connected to the pixel electrode 106 and is also electrically connected to the storage capacitor 105. The storage capacitor 105 is connected to the capacitor line 102. As a method for forming the storage capacitor 105, it may be formed between the scanning line 101 in the previous stage instead of the capacitor line 102.
[0052]
The scanning signal Gn is applied to the scanning line 101 in a line-sequential manner in a pulsed manner, and the image signal Sn is applied to the data line 103 in a line-sequential manner, or a plurality of adjacent data lines are grouped. Applied. The TFT 104 appropriately writes a potential corresponding to the data signal Sn to the pixel electrode 106 in accordance with the scanning signal Gn. The pixel electrode 106 faces a counter electrode (not shown) formed on the inner surface of the counter substrate 12 via a liquid crystal layer (not shown), and applies a desired electric field to the liquid crystal layer between the counter electrode to which a predetermined potential is supplied. . FIG. 5 is a plan view of the pixel, and FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line VI-VI in FIG.
[0053]
As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the TFT 104 extends to the region shown by the oblique lines in FIG. 5, the source 1041 is conductively connected to the data line 103 through the opening 1041 a, and the gate 1042 is connected to the scanning line 101. Crossing with each other through a thin insulating film (not shown). The drain 1043 is conductively connected to the pixel electrode 106 through the opening 1043a. The lower electrode 1040 extending from these structures overlaps the capacitor line 102 in a plan view via the insulating layer, and constitutes the storage capacitor 105. The storage capacitor 105 is for holding the potential of the pixel electrode 106 for a long time against charge leakage as is well known.
[0054]
[First alignment processing method and relationship between alignment processing and clear vision direction]
FIG. 7 shows the relationship between the rubbing direction of the active matrix substrate 11 and the counter substrate 12 with respect to the respective substrate surfaces and the clear viewing direction of the formed liquid crystal panel when the TN type active matrix type liquid crystal panel is formed. It is shown. FIG. 7 shows a state in which the liquid crystal panel 10 is viewed from the incident side with the active matrix substrate 11 and the counter substrate 12 overlapped. The vertical and horizontal white lines in the figure schematically show the wiring structure (or pixel arrangement structure) in order to indicate the extending direction of the scanning lines and data lines on the active matrix substrate 11. If a white line extending in one direction is a scanning line, a white line extending in the other direction indicates a data line.
[0055]
In a general liquid crystal projector, since the projected image is set to be horizontally long, the liquid crystal panel is installed in the apparatus with the left-right direction being the longitudinal direction as shown in FIG. In the liquid crystal panel 10, an alignment film made of polyimide or the like is formed on the inner surfaces of the active matrix substrate 11 and the counter substrate 12, and the rubbing process is performed by rubbing the surface of the alignment film with a cloth or the like. However, the rubbing treatment is performed on the surface of a normal insulating film without forming an alignment film that is used only for alignment, using an inorganic film other than an organic film, or by oblique deposition of inorganic materials. In some cases, a mechanical rubbing treatment is not required by forming a coating film using the.
[0056]
Usually, the active matrix substrate 11 is rubbed in the rubbing direction R (11) from the lower right to the upper left in the drawing, and the rubbing direction R (12) from the upper right to the lower left in the drawing is applied to the counter substrate 12. The clear viewing direction of the liquid crystal panel becomes upward in the figure by rubbing the liquid crystal and setting the 90 ° twist direction of the liquid crystal to the S direction shown in the figure. The clear viewing direction is determined by the rubbing direction of the active matrix substrate 11 and the counter substrate 12 and the twist direction of the liquid crystal. When the rubbing process is performed obliquely with respect to the wiring direction as shown, the clear viewing direction is up, down, left, right. Either direction.
[0057]
As shown in FIG. 7, when the liquid crystal panel whose clear vision direction is upward is installed in the liquid crystal projector 20 shown in FIG. 1 as the liquid crystal light valves 100R, 100G, and 100B in the posture shown in FIG. Since the image components of the light beams R and B are only mirror-inverted in the left-right direction with respect to the image component of the light beam G, the clear vision directions in the three image components are all upward even after the synthesis. The direction does not vary depending on the image components.
[0058]
On the other hand, as shown by a dotted line in FIG. 7, the rubbing direction of the active matrix substrate 11 is rotated 180 degrees to change the rubbing direction to the direction indicated by AR (11), and the twist direction of the liquid crystal is changed to the AS direction shown in the figure. The clear vision direction is on the right side of the figure. In this case, when the image components of the light beams R and B are mirror-reversed to the left and right with respect to the image component of the light beam G as described above, the clear vision direction is also reversed left and right, and color unevenness occurs in the composite image. appear.
[0059]
As described above, in the case where the rubbing direction is performed obliquely with respect to the wiring direction (for example, inclined by 45 degrees), the clear viewing direction can be set up and down, and the normal liquid crystal display panel or the like can be used as it is. It is used. However, in this case, alignment defects may occur due to the presence of a step in the wiring (scanning line or data line), which is not preferable for improving display quality. In particular, a liquid crystal panel used in a projection display device such as a liquid crystal projector needs to form a high-definition pixel structure within a panel area smaller than usual, and therefore, alignment defects due to wiring steps are likely to occur. There is a problem. Therefore, in the present embodiment, the occurrence of orientation failure due to the wiring step is reduced by performing the rubbing direction along the wiring direction.
[0060]
FIG. 8 shows a situation when the rubbing process is performed along the wiring direction. The rubbing direction R (11) of the active matrix substrate 11 is a direction from the bottom to the top in the figure, the rubbing direction R (12) of the counter substrate 12 is the direction from the right to the left in the figure, and the twist direction of the liquid crystal is the S direction. The clear vision direction is the upper right direction as shown in the figure. Thus, when the rubbing direction is set to the wiring direction, the clear viewing direction is always an oblique direction with respect to the wiring direction. Therefore, when the liquid crystal light valve shown in FIG. 1 is installed in the liquid crystal projector as it is in the posture shown in FIG. 8, the image component based on the light beams R and B and the image component based on the light beam G are combined in a mirror-inverted state to the left and right. Therefore, in the composite image, the clear vision direction of the color tone component of the light beams R and B and the clear vision direction of the color tone component of the light beam G are reversed left and right (obliquely upper right and obliquely upper left). . In the example shown in FIG. 8, the rubbing direction of the counter substrate 12 is set to the rubbing direction AR (12) indicated by the dotted line, which is the opposite direction, and the twist direction of the liquid crystal is set to the AS direction indicated by the dotted line. When set, the clear vision direction is a diagonally upper left direction as indicated by the dotted line in the figure.
[0061]
In FIG. 9, when the rubbing process is performed in an oblique direction as shown in FIG. 7, the rubbing directions of both the active matrix substrate 11 and the counter substrate 12 are changed to the rubbing directions AR (11) and AR (12). An example of changing the clear vision direction without changing the twist direction S is shown. FIG. 10 shows a case where the rubbing process is performed in the wiring direction as shown in FIG. 8 to change the rubbing directions of both the active matrix substrates 11 and 12 to the rubbing directions AR (11) and AR (12). An example of changing the clear vision direction without changing the twist direction S is shown.
[0062]
[Second orientation processing method]
FIG. 11 shows an alignment treatment method using an ion irradiation method as another method different from the alignment treatment method by rubbing as described above. In this method, first, after forming a required surface structure 111 such as a wiring, an electrode, and an active element on the surface of the active matrix substrate 110, an alignment material is entirely applied on the inner surface of the active matrix substrate 110 by a spin coat method or the like. Apply to. As the alignment material, a soluble type polyimide material, a polyimide material that requires polymerization and curing, a polyamic acid type polyimide material, or the like can be used. The soluble polyimide material can be subjected to an alignment treatment while being applied. Other alignment materials are usually cured by drying or baking.
[0063]
As a soluble type polyimide material,
[0064]
[Chemical 1]

[0065]
[Chemical 2]

[0066]
Are particularly suitable for realizing a high voltage holding ratio, uniform liquid crystal alignment and a high pretilt angle.
[0067]
In addition, as a polyamic acid type polyimide material,
[0068]
[Chemical 3]

[0069]
Some have the structure of the main chain.
[0070]
The active matrix substrate 110 having the alignment film 112 formed on the surface as described above was introduced into the chamber of the ion irradiation apparatus. Then, the chamber was evacuated, Ar ions were released from the ion source 121, accelerated by the acceleration electrode 122 and irradiated.
[0071]
This ion irradiation is for performing alignment treatment on the alignment film 112. The degree of vacuum at this time is 5 × 10 ^-3 torr, the ion irradiation angle is ψ = 45 °, the acceleration voltage is 100 V, and the current density is 20 μA / cm. ² Ar ions were irradiated under the conditions described above. Further, under this irradiation condition, the active matrix substrate 110 is in the direction indicated by the arrow (that is, the direction parallel to (included in) the panel surface of the transparent substrate 10 and the ion source 121 is inclined with respect to the panel surface. The orientation treatment was carried out while moving (scanning) at a speed of 1 cm / second in the direction toward the azimuth. Of course, the ion source 121 may be scanned instead of the active matrix substrate 110.
[0072]
The alignment state by ion irradiation depends on the relationship between the ion acceleration voltage and the pretilt angle and orientation degree of liquid crystal molecules, the relationship between the irradiation angle and pretilt angle and orientation order, the relationship between vacuum degree and orientation order, etc. Therefore, it is preferable to obtain these relationships as data in advance and optimize the ion irradiation conditions in the alignment treatment from these data.
[0073]
The ion acceleration voltage is preferably 100 V or more and 200 V or less in order to increase the pretilt angle and increase the degree of alignment order. Similarly, from the viewpoint of the pretilt angle and the degree of alignment order, the ion irradiation angle ψ is preferably 40 to 50 °, particularly 45 to 50 °. Furthermore, the degree of vacuum during ion irradiation is 10 ^-1 -10 ^-4 Furthermore, it is preferable that the distance L from the ion irradiation port to the alignment film 112 is 1 mm or more and 300 mm or less.
[0074]
In particular, for a liquid crystal display device, the thickness of the alignment film 112 after the alignment treatment is within the range of 10 to 100 nm, which reduces the influence of voltage drop due to the alignment film and ensures sufficient alignment regulation power. This is preferable.
[0075]
When the alignment process is performed by the above-described method, as will be described later, when the alignment process is performed on the surface of the active matrix substrate 11 under partially different alignment process conditions, the alignment film 112 is processed as shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 5, the metal mask 113 is set and ion irradiation is performed so that the alignment process is not performed on the region 112 a covered with the mask 113. Next, with respect to the region 112, the ion beam irradiation angle ψ is set in a different direction, and the alignment process is performed in a state where the surface of the alignment film 112 that has already been subjected to the alignment process is covered with the mask 113. By doing so, a liquid crystal alignment region in which liquid crystal molecules are aligned in different directions with respect to the alignment film 112 on the active matrix substrate 11 can be formed.
[0076]
[Third orientation processing method]
Next, still another orientation processing method will be described with reference to FIG. As will be described later, in order to form a divided alignment panel structure in a high-definition liquid crystal panel, there are many problems in the rubbing treatment performed by contact with a rubbing roller or a buff. For this reason, it is preferable to perform a photo-alignment treatment performed by irradiating the alignment film with ultraviolet rays or the like. This photo-alignment process is performed by the method shown below, for example. First, after an alignment film material such as an organic polymer is applied on the surface of the transparent substrate 71, the alignment film 72 is formed by baking as shown in FIG. After that, as shown in FIG. 12B, an optical mask 73 having a predetermined pattern is arranged on the alignment film 72, and the surface of the transparent substrate 71 is irradiated with, for example, ultraviolet light 74 polarized in a direction orthogonal to the paper surface. Then, an alignment region (block) 72a composed of a plurality of pixels is formed. Next, as shown in FIG. 12C, the alignment film 72 is selectively irradiated with ultraviolet rays 76 using a predetermined optical mask 75 that exposes the surface portion of the alignment film 72 different from the mask 73 described above. An alignment processing region portion (block) 72b composed of a plurality of pixels is formed. This ultraviolet ray 76 is polarized in a direction (left-right direction in the figure) rotated 90 degrees with respect to the polarization direction of the ultraviolet ray 74 shown in FIG. The transparent substrate 71 processed in this way is similarly exposed to ultraviolet light, and is bonded to the counter substrate 77 having the alignment film 78 processed to form a plurality of blocks subjected to different alignment processes. A liquid crystal panel 70 can be formed as shown in FIG. Here, as the material of the alignment films 72 and 78, the alignment film molecules aligned in the specific direction are decomposed by irradiating ultraviolet rays polarized in the specific direction, and the alignment process (rubbing process) is performed in the direction orthogonal to the specific direction. Those having liquid crystal alignment performance similar to the case (having photo-alignment properties) are used. Due to this characteristic, liquid crystal alignment regions 79a and 79b in which liquid crystal molecules are aligned in different directions are formed by a plurality of blocks irradiated with ultraviolet rays having different polarization directions. Here, as the organic material having the above photo-alignment property, for example, PVCi (manufactured by Aldrich), s610 (manufactured by Nissan Chemical Co., Ltd.) or the like can be used.
[0077]
[First Embodiment]
Next, based on the above description, a first embodiment of the liquid crystal panel according to the present invention will be described. FIG. 13 is an explanatory diagram schematically showing the clear viewing direction of the effective display area of the liquid crystal panel of the first embodiment. In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 13, the effective display area 10 a that accommodates the liquid crystal sandwiched between the active matrix substrate 11 and the counter substrate 12 has a symmetry axis 10 </ b> X that bisects the effective display area 10 a. Blocks (liquid crystal alignment region portions) 10A and 10B are formed one by one on both sides. These blocks 10 </ b> A and 10 </ b> B are formed so that the alignment states of the liquid crystal molecules are different by making the alignment treatment conditions different from each other. Further, the blocks 10A and 10B are configured to have mutually symmetrical plane shapes on both sides of the symmetry axis 10X.
[0078]
For example, as a method of making the alignment states of the blocks 10A and 10B different, in the case where the first alignment processing method is used, in the block 10A, the active matrix substrate 11 is rubbed in the rubbing direction R (11) shown in FIG. Then, the counter substrate 12 is rubbed in the rubbing direction AR (12) indicated by the dotted line in FIG. 8 so that the liquid crystal has the twist direction AS indicated by the dotted line in FIG. It is configured to have a clear vision direction. On the other hand, in the block 10B, as shown in FIG. 8, the active matrix substrate 11 is rubbed in the rubbing direction R (11), the counter substrate 12 is rubbed in the rubbing direction R (12), and the liquid crystal is twisted. The liquid crystal panel is configured to have a clear viewing direction on the right diagonal in the figure so as to have the direction S. In this case, when a rubbing process is performed on one block, the substrate surface of the other block is covered with a resist layer or the like.
[0079]
As a result, the blocks 10 </ b> A and 10 </ b> B are symmetrical with respect to the axis of symmetry 10 </ b> X with respect to the symmetry axis 10 </ b> X (mirror inversion state) as shown by the arrows in the drawing. Accordingly, a plurality of liquid crystal panels 10 are used as light valves in the projection display device such as the above-described liquid crystal projector, and an image component formed by one of the liquid crystal panels 10 is compared with an image component formed by another liquid crystal panel. When combined in a mirror-reversed state, in this embodiment, even if the image is mirror-reversed, the clear vision direction is not reversed at all, so the direction of the clear vision direction with respect to the image is different. Color unevenness and the like can be reduced.
[0080]
In particular, in the above method, the clear viewing direction is changed by changing the rubbing direction of the counter substrate 12 (counter substrate) and the twist direction of the liquid crystal without changing the rubbing direction R (11) of the active matrix substrate 11. For this reason, since it is not necessary to set different alignment directions in the alignment film for the active matrix substrate 11, the manufacturing process can be facilitated.
[0081]
As indicated by the solid line in FIG. 8, when the active matrix substrate 11 is subjected to the rubbing process in the rubbing direction R (11) and the counter substrate 12 is subjected to the rubbing process in the rubbing direction R (12), the liquid crystal panel While the clear viewing direction is the upper right direction in the figure, the rubbing direction of the active matrix substrate 11 is changed to the opposite direction of the rubbing direction R (11), and the rubbing direction of the counter substrate 12 is not changed, but the twist direction of the liquid crystal Is the AS direction, the clear vision direction is the lower right direction in the figure. In this case, by using a liquid crystal panel having a clear vision direction in the upper right direction in the figure and a liquid crystal panel having a clear vision direction in the lower right direction in the figure, the relationship between the plurality of image components can be mirrored up and down when the image components are combined. Similarly, if the liquid crystal projector is reversed, it is possible to avoid disagreement in the clear vision direction due to mirror reversal.
[0082]
In the above method, since it is necessary to use liquid crystals having different twist directions in the blocks 10A and 10B, it is necessary to divide and form the liquid crystal layer. As a method for separately forming the liquid crystal layer as described above, for example, there are the following methods. First, a partition part for partitioning the blocks is formed between the active matrix substrate 11 and the counter substrate 12 with a sealant or the like, and a liquid crystal injection port is provided for each block. Paste together. Thereafter, liquid crystal is injected into each block from the liquid crystal injection port. At this time, a liquid crystal capable of obtaining a desired twist direction is selected and injected in accordance with the alignment processing state of each block. In this method, each block needs to be provided with a liquid crystal injection port, and thus each block must basically face the outer peripheral portion of the liquid crystal panel.
[0083]
Therefore, as shown in FIG. 13, it can be configured when the number of blocks is small, but when the number of blocks is large, manufacturing becomes difficult or impossible. Therefore, in order to change the clear viewing direction without changing the twist direction of the liquid crystal, it is preferable to use a method of changing the rubbing direction of both the active matrix substrates 11 and 12 as shown in FIG.
[0084]
Further, the rubbing processing of the blocks 10A and 10B can be performed by the method shown in FIG. 7 or 9 instead of the method shown in FIG. 8 and FIG. 10 as described above. At this time, it is only necessary to set a clear viewing direction that is line-symmetric with respect to the symmetry axis 10X when the mirror is inverted. In particular, in the present embodiment, since the active matrix substrate 11 has a wiring structure, when the rubbing process is performed as the alignment process, the rubbing process is performed along the wiring, thereby rubbing due to the thickness of the wiring part. Defects can be reduced.
[0085]
Furthermore, as described above, the alignment treatment method is not limited to the first alignment treatment method (rubbing treatment), but the second alignment treatment method (ion irradiation method) or the third alignment treatment method (ultraviolet light). Various alignment treatment methods such as an irradiation method) can be used. In particular, when a plurality of blocks are formed, a beam of light, an electron beam, an ion beam or the like is used to improve the ease of manufacture, improve the quality of alignment treatment, or reduce the adverse effect on liquid crystals. An alignment treatment by irradiation is preferred.
[0086]
When using the second and third alignment processing methods, a mask is formed so as to collectively process one or a plurality of blocks processed in the same alignment direction, and this processing is performed in different alignment directions. It is desirable to sequentially carry out every one or a plurality of blocks to be processed.
[0087]
FIG. 14 shows a modification of the above embodiment, and is a diagram schematically illustrating the clear viewing direction of the effective display area of the liquid crystal panel. The effective display area 10a includes a total of four blocks 10C, 10D, 10E, and 10F with respect to the upper and lower symmetry axes in addition to the symmetry axis 10X. In this case, as shown in the figure, the blocks 10C and 10D are arranged in positions that are line-symmetric with respect to the symmetry axis 10X and are configured in a plane pattern that is line-symmetric. The viewing direction and the clear viewing direction of the block 10D are set in directions that are line-symmetric with each other with the symmetry axis 10X interposed therebetween. Further, the blocks 10E and 10F are arranged in a plane pattern which is arranged in line symmetry with respect to the axis of symmetry 10X and is line symmetric. Further, the clear vision direction of the block 10E and the block 10F The clear vision direction is set in a line-symmetrical direction across the symmetry axis 10X. By having such a configuration, not only mirror inversion but also the clear vision direction is not reversed even if the image is flipped up and down, so the direction of the clear vision direction with respect to the image is different. Color unevenness and the like can be reduced.
[0088]
FIG. 15 also shows another modification, and the four blocks 10G, 10H, 10I, and 10J are partitioned in the same manner as shown in FIG. Each block has a clear vision direction different from that shown in FIG. 14, but the arrangement of the left and right blocks, the plane pattern, and the clear vision direction are axisymmetric with respect to the symmetry axis 10X. is there.
[0089]
FIG. 16 shows a case where the effective display area 10a is further subdivided. In this modified example, a total of 24 blocks 10k (k = 1, 2,..., 24), each of 12 blocks on each side of the symmetry axis 10X, are arranged, and the arrangement structure (arrangement and plane pattern). The clear vision directions of the respective blocks are both symmetrical with respect to the symmetry axis 10X in the left-right direction (mirror inversion).
[0090]
[Second Embodiment]
Next, a second embodiment of the liquid crystal panel according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. In this embodiment, the effective display area 10a is divided into a total of 24 blocks 10n (n = 1, 2,..., 24), 12 on each side of the symmetry axis 10X. The arrangement state of the blocks 10n is configured to be line symmetrical on both sides of the symmetry axis 10X.
[0091]
In this embodiment, the clear vision direction of each block 10n is not line-symmetric with respect to the symmetry axis 10X as in the first embodiment, but is randomly distributed on the left and right of the symmetry axis 10X. Here, each block has a different clear vision direction with respect to an adjacent block. Therefore, a plurality of liquid crystal panels 10 are used as a projection display device, and an image formed by one liquid crystal panel among the liquid crystal panels is synthesized in a mirror inverted state with respect to an image formed by another liquid crystal panel. In this case, the distribution in the clear vision direction does not completely match in both images. However, since a plurality of blocks 10n are provided on both sides of the symmetry axis 10X, and the respective clear viewing directions are randomly formed, the occurrence of color unevenness in the synthesized image when the images are synthesized is suppressed and becomes inconspicuous. In particular, by forming a large number of blocks 10n, the color unevenness of the composite image can be sufficiently reduced. As described above, even if the distribution in the clear vision direction does not match between one image and the mirror-inverted image, the occurrence of color unevenness can be suppressed by dividing the image into at least 24 blocks.
[0092]
[Third Embodiment]
Next, a third embodiment of the liquid crystal panel according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. In this embodiment, a plurality of blocks 10m (m = 1, 2,..., 32) are formed in the effective display area 10a. In this embodiment, the block 10m is not arranged line-symmetrically on both sides of the symmetry axis 10X. The axis of symmetry 10X does not coincide with the boundary of the block 10m. That is, there are blocks arranged so as to straddle the symmetry axis 10X. Further, the clear vision direction of each block 10m is not set to be line symmetric with respect to the symmetry axis 10X, and is randomly oriented on both sides of the symmetry axis 10X. Also in this embodiment, adjacent blocks have different clear vision directions.
[0093]
Even in such a configuration, by increasing the number of the blocks 10m, it is possible to sufficiently reduce the color unevenness of the combined image obtained by combining the image components formed by the liquid crystal panels 10.
[0094]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, a block composed of a plurality of pixels is formed in the effective display area, and each block has a different alignment processing state, and the clear vision direction is different for each block in the effective display area. As a result, the clear viewing direction is less likely to be biased in a specific direction as the entire liquid crystal panel. Therefore, even if the image formed on the liquid crystal panel is mirror-inverted, the influence on the image quality due to the change in the clear viewing direction is reduced. In addition, when image components formed by a plurality of liquid crystal panels are combined to form a composite image, even if the image components are combined in a mirror-inverted state, color unevenness caused by differences in the clear vision direction, etc. Can be reduced.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram showing the structure of an optical system of a liquid crystal projector as an embodiment of a projection display device according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic plan view showing a planar structure of a liquid crystal panel built in the embodiment.
FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a cross-sectional structure of a liquid crystal panel built in the same embodiment.
FIG. 4 is an equivalent circuit diagram showing an equivalent circuit of the surface structure of the active matrix substrate constituting the liquid crystal panel in the same embodiment.
FIG. 5 is an enlarged plan view showing a planar structure of a surface structure of an active matrix substrate constituting the liquid crystal panel in the same embodiment.
6 is a schematic enlarged cross-sectional view showing a cross-section of the surface structure of the active matrix substrate constituting the liquid crystal panel in the same embodiment (a state cut along line VI-VI in FIG. 5).
FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram showing a relationship between a rubbing direction set in an oblique direction of the liquid crystal panel and a clear vision direction.
FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram showing a relationship between a rubbing direction and a clear viewing direction set in the wiring direction of the liquid crystal panel.
FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram showing a method for realizing a change in the clear viewing direction similar to that shown in FIG. 7 by changing only the rubbing direction of both transparent substrates.
FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram showing a method for realizing the change in the clear viewing direction similar to that shown in FIG. 8 by changing only the rubbing direction of both transparent substrates;
FIGS. 11A and 11B are explanatory views (a) and (b) showing an alignment treatment method by ion irradiation. FIGS.
FIGS. 12A to 12D are process explanatory views (a) to (d) showing a plurality of blocks and an alignment treatment method by ultraviolet irradiation for forming the blocks. FIGS.
FIG. 13 is a schematic explanatory view showing the configuration of the first embodiment of the liquid crystal panel according to the present invention.
FIG. 14 is a schematic explanatory diagram showing a configuration of a modification of the first embodiment of the liquid crystal panel according to the present invention.
FIG. 15 is a schematic explanatory diagram showing a configuration of a modification of the first embodiment of the liquid crystal panel according to the present invention.
FIG. 16 is a schematic explanatory diagram showing a configuration of a modification of the first embodiment of the liquid crystal panel according to the present invention.
FIG. 17 is a schematic explanatory diagram showing a configuration of a second embodiment of a liquid crystal panel according to the present invention.
FIG. 18 is a schematic explanatory diagram illustrating a configuration of a third embodiment of a liquid crystal panel according to the present invention.
FIG. 19 is a schematic cross-sectional view schematically showing a structure of a liquid crystal panel module as an example of a liquid crystal device including a conventional liquid crystal panel.
FIG. 20 is an explanatory diagram showing the orientation direction of liquid crystal and the direction of optical characteristics in a liquid crystal layer in the liquid crystal panel.
21 is a graph showing a change in contrast ratio with respect to the viewing angle φ in the SZ plane shown in FIG. 20 in the liquid crystal panel.
22 is a graph showing a change in contrast ratio with respect to the viewing angle θ in the LZ plane shown in FIG. 20 in the liquid crystal panel.
FIG. 23 is an explanatory diagram showing a relationship between viewing angles φ and θ of light emitted from a liquid crystal panel and a clear viewing direction.
[Explanation of symbols]
10 LCD panel
10a Effective display area
10A, 10B, .. 10J, 10k, 10n, 10m Liquid crystal alignment region
11 Active matrix substrate
12 Counter substrate
R (11), R (12), AR (11), AR (12) Rubbing direction
S, AS Twist direction of liquid crystal
1100 LCD projector
100R, 100B, 100G liquid crystal light valve
1112 Prism unit (dichroic prism)

Claims (5)

A plurality of liquid crystal panels for a projection display device that are combined in a state where a plurality of image components are mirror-inverted, wherein a liquid crystal layer is sandwiched between a pair of substrates, and a plurality of liquid crystal panels are sandwiched between the pair of substrates. In a liquid crystal panel provided with an effective display area in which pixels are arranged,
At least one of the pair of substrates is subjected to a liquid crystal alignment process, and the first block including the plurality of pixels and the second block including the plurality of pixels in the effective display area are mutually connected. The alignment process direction of the liquid crystal is different,
The first and second blocks are formed so as to be line symmetric with respect to a symmetry axis that substantially bisects the effective display area, and the first and second blocks are arranged at symmetrical positions on both sides of the symmetry axis. 2. A liquid crystal panel, wherein the clear vision direction of the second block is configured to be line symmetric with respect to the symmetry axis.   2. The liquid crystal panel according to claim 1, wherein the first and second blocks are formed by partially changing an alignment treatment condition for a surface of the one substrate facing the liquid crystal layer. In a projection type display device comprising a liquid crystal panel in which a liquid crystal layer is sandwiched between a pair of substrates and an effective display region in which a plurality of pixels are arranged is provided between the pair of substrates. At least one of the substrates is subjected to a liquid crystal alignment process, and the first block including the plurality of pixels and the second block including the plurality of pixels in the effective display area are aligned with each other in the liquid crystal alignment process direction. Is different,
The first and second blocks are formed so as to be line symmetric with respect to a symmetry axis that substantially bisects the effective display area, and the first and second blocks are arranged at symmetrical positions on both sides of the symmetry axis. Comprising a plurality of liquid crystal panels configured such that the clear vision direction of the second block is line symmetric with respect to the symmetry axis;
A projection-type display device, wherein the image components of the plurality of liquid crystal panels are combined in a mirror-inverted state.   A plurality of liquid crystal panels for a projection display device that are combined in a state where a plurality of image components are mirror-inverted, wherein a liquid crystal layer is sandwiched between a pair of substrates, and a plurality of liquid crystal panels are sandwiched between the pair of substrates. In a liquid crystal panel provided with an effective display area in which pixels are arranged, at least one of the pair of substrates is subjected to a liquid crystal alignment process, and the effective display area has a vertical symmetry axis and a left-right symmetry. Each of the four blocks is configured to be line-symmetrically divided with respect to the axis, and the four blocks have different visual directions and are configured to be line-symmetric with respect to the axis of symmetry. A liquid crystal panel characterized by In a projection type display device comprising a liquid crystal panel in which a liquid crystal layer is sandwiched between a pair of substrates and an effective display region in which a plurality of pixels are arranged is provided between the pair of substrates. At least one of the substrates is subjected to a liquid crystal alignment process, and the effective display area has four blocks formed by being line-symmetrically divided with respect to the upper and lower symmetry axes and the left and right symmetry axes. , Including a plurality of liquid crystal panels configured so that the clear vision directions of the four blocks are different from each other and line-symmetric with respect to the symmetry axis,
A projection-type display device, wherein the image components of the plurality of liquid crystal panels are combined in a mirror-inverted state.

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