JP3749969B2 - Sinking method - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
[Technical field to which the invention belongs]
The present invention relates to a method for laying a submerged box for a submerged tunnel, and more particularly to a tower pontoon type submerged box subsidence method using a control tower and a pontoon fitted to the submerged box.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, in the tower pontoon type submergence method, as shown in FIGS. 10 and 11, two control towers 2, 3 and pontoons 4, 5 are installed on the submergence vessel 1. While injecting water into a ballast tank (not shown), the sinking box 1 is sunk by operating the winch 6 on each pontoon 4, 5, and the sinking box 1 is horizontally moved by operating the winch 7 on each control tower 2, 3. I was trying to move it.
[0003]
Incidentally, the command chamber 8 for the upper part to operate the winch 6 and 7 based on the survey results of the control tower 2, 3 is provided, on the inside of each control tower 2, 3沈埋box making 1 An access shaft 9 is provided to allow workers to enter and exit.
In addition, the winch operation (maneuvering operation) for moving the sinking box 1 in the horizontal direction includes a vertical box for moving the sinking box 1 in the longitudinal direction and a horizontal box for moving in the width direction. For example, as shown in FIG. 11, the wiring for vertical boxing is provided with moving pulleys 11 </ b> A and 11 </ b> B at the tips of the wires 10 </ b> A and 10 </ b> B fed from the winches (vertical boxing winches) 7 on the control towers 2 and 3. Are connected to the bottom of the water on the side of each control tower 2 and 3, before and after the pair of sinkers 12A and 12B, the opposite ends of the wires 13A and 13B are opposed to the tower-side movable pulley 11B. , 11A in a V shape, and by moving each winch 7, the movable pulleys 11A, 11B and the sinking box 1 are moved relative to each other.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, according to the above-described conventional tower pontoon type sinking method, two huge control towers 2 and 3 must be installed on the sinking box 1 and the sinking box can withstand a large load. There is a problem that the entire manufacturing cost increases remarkably because it may have to be formed in a large size.
In addition, after the sinking box 1 is set up, the equipment parts including the control towers 2 and 3 and the pontoons 4 and 5 must be removed. However, the removal of the control towers 2 and 3 may be underwater work. It took a long time, and during this time the route was closed, compelling the ship operation.
Furthermore, since there are two huge control towers 2 and 3 on the submergence box 1, the wire handling of the winch operation on the submergence box 1 is greatly restricted. As described above, since the wiring for the wiring is V-shaped (FIG. 11), the wire tension is hardly effective, and there is a problem that deterioration of the maneuverability is unavoidable.
[0005]
The present invention has been made in view of the above-described conventional problems, and the object of the present invention is to greatly contribute to the reduction of the manufacturing cost of the sinking box including the fittings and to promptly remove the fittings. The aim is to provide a tower pontoon-type submergence method that contributes to drastically shortening the channel closing period and also improves the maneuverability.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, according to the present invention, in the tower pontoon type submerged box construction method, only one control tower is installed at a position biased to one end side in the longitudinal direction on the submerged box. The control tower is equipped with a winch, command room, surveying room, etc. necessary for operation, and the installation work is centrally managed using the one control tower.
In the submergence method that is performed in this way, only one huge control tower is installed at a position that is biased to one end in the longitudinal direction on the submergence box , and the equipment necessary for the operation of the one control tower is installed. Since the installation cost is reduced, the manufacturing cost of the sinking box including the fittings is reduced, the time required for removing the control tower is shortened, and the top of the sinking box is widely opened for maneuvering. Increased freedom of wiring. In addition, after completion of the burial box, the upper part of the burial box can be opened as a wide channel without waiting for the removal of the control tower.
[0007]
According to the present invention, an air supply / exhaust pipe is passed through an access shaft provided in one control tower mounted on the submerged box, and the access passage in the access shaft and the passage in the air supply / exhaust pipe are ventilated inside the submerged box. In addition, the two passages may be used alternately for supply and exhaust , so that one control tower can be used effectively for ventilation , and the inside of the submerged box Air stagnation is eliminated as much as possible.
In this case, a swirlable nozzle may be connected to the fan for the air supply / exhaust pipe so that the nozzle is directed to the windward during the air supply operation, and the nozzle is directed to the leeway during the exhaust operation. The outside air can be taken in.
[0008]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 thru | or FIG. 9 shows one Embodiment of the submergence box installation method based on this invention. In FIG. 1, 15 is a submerged ground, 16 is a groove excavated in advance in the submarine ground 15, 20 is an existing submerged box submerged in the groove 16, and 21 is connected to the existing submerged box 20 in the state described above. This is a new submerged box that is set in the groove 16, and the existing submerged box 20 is embedded in a backfill material, most of which is backfilled in the groove 16, leaving a connection end with the new submerged box 21. It is rare. On the other hand, on the newly installed submerged box (hereinafter simply referred to as “submerged box”) 21, a control tower 22 is mounted so as to be biased to one end side in the longitudinal direction, and has an appropriate interval in the longitudinal direction. Two pontoons 23 and 24 are installed.
[0009]
As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the control tower 22 is mainly composed of a tower main body 25 having a frame structure that is erected on the submergence box 21 by appropriate coupling means, and a command chamber 26 is provided at the top of the tower main body 25. And the surveying chamber 27 are stacked. Inside the tower main body 25, a stairway 28 that connects the top of the tower body 25 and the upper surface of the sinking box 21 and an access shaft 29 that connects the top and the inside of the sinking box 21 are installed. An access ladder 30 (FIG. 3) is disposed inside the access shaft 29, and this access ladder 30 is inserted through an access entrance 31 opened on the upper wall of the submergence box 21 and is placed in the submergence box 21. It is extended to the inside. As a matter of course, the access shaft 29 is watertightly coupled to the sinking box 21. In addition, when the inside of the submergence box 21 is completely partitioned from side to side by a partition wall, the lower part of the access shaft 29 is branched so that the left and right chambers in the submergence box 21 can be entered and exited.
[0010]
A supply / exhaust pipe 32 is also provided in the access shaft 29. As shown in FIG. 4, the air supply / exhaust pipe 32 is connected at its upper end to a fan 33 provided at the top of the tower body 25, and its lower end airtightly penetrates the upper wall of the submergence box 21 and is buried. The inside of the box 21 is extended. In the submergence box 21, the lower end of the air supply / exhaust pipe 32 is connected to an existing wind pipe 34 in the submergence box 21, so that the fan 33 can access between the control tower 22 and the submergence box 21. A series of ventilation systems communicating with the inside of the sinking box 21 through the air supply / exhaust pipe 32 in the shaft 29 and the wind pipe 34 in the sinking box 21, and further communicating with the outside through a path (access path) in the access shaft 29. Has been built.
[0011]
Here, the fan 33 is provided so as to be switched between a supply air and an exhaust air, and the access passage in the access shaft 29 and the supply / exhaust pipe 32 are switched according to the switching of the intake / exhaust fan. The inside passage is switched between supply and exhaust. The arrows in FIG. 4 indicate the flow of air when the fan 33 is in the air supply operation. In this case, the outside air sucked from the fan 33 passes through the air supply / exhaust pipe 32 and the wind pipe 34 and is buried in the sink 21. When the air in the sinking box 21 is taken into the inside (solid arrow) and discharged from the upper end opening of the access shaft 29 to the outside through the access passage (dotted arrow), on the other hand, when the fan 33 is exhausted The air flows in the opposite direction. Therefore, by alternately operating the fan 33 for air supply and exhaust, the air path in the submergence box 21 changes, and air stagnation in the submergence box 21 is remarkably eliminated.
[0012]
In the present embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the fan 33 is connected to an intake / exhaust chamber 36 having a nozzle 35 that expands in a horn shape at the upper end so as to be rotatable. The nozzle 35 is swiveled by a driving means (not shown) and is arbitrarily oriented in a direction facing the wind direction A (FIG. 5) or a direction facing the wind direction A (FIG. 6). The nozzle 35 is also set at a position above the upper end opening of the access shaft 29 by a predetermined distance L (for example, about 5 m). When the fan 33 is supplied with air, the nozzle 35 is directed to the wind as shown in FIG. 5, so that fresh outside air does not mix with the exhaust from the access shaft 29 and enters the submerged box 21. It is taken in. Further, when the fan 33 is exhausted, the nozzle 35 is directed leeward as shown in FIG. 6, whereby the supply air from the access shaft 29 is not mixed with the exhaust from the nozzle 35, so Will be taken into.
[0013]
A support base 37 is fixed to the top of the tower body 25 of the control tower 22 as shown in FIG. 3. A winch 38 necessary for moving the sinking box 21 in the horizontal direction is mounted on the support base 37. Are installed together. Here, three winches 38 are installed on each side of the tower body 25, for a total of six, one on each side is used for vertical operation and the remaining two are used for horizontal operation. It is like that.
[0014]
On the submerged box 21, as shown in FIG. 7, the below-described pulleys and the like necessary for wiring for the vertical box and the horizontal box are arranged, and on the water bottom ground 15, FIG. 1 and FIG. As shown in FIG. 2, a pair of sinkers 39A and 39B required for vertical operation and horizontal operation are installed and fixed.
FIG. 7 shows one embodiment of the wiring for vertically operating the sinking box 21. On the sinking box 21, eight fixed pulleys 40 and two movable pulleys 41 </ b> A and 41 </ b> B are provided. The provided pulleys are arranged, and four fair leaders 42 are arranged at the four corners. The tips of the wires 43A and 43B fed from the left and right vertical box winches 38 on the control tower 22 are extended in opposite directions by bypassing one or three fixed pulleys 40, and corresponding movements. Accordingly, the two movable pulleys 41A and 41B move in opposite directions with respect to the longitudinal direction of the sinking box 21 in accordance with the winding operation of the corresponding winch 38 (relative to the pulleys 41A and 41B). Move).
[0015]
Further, the wires 44A and 44B having both ends fixed to the pair of front and rear sinkers 39A and 39B are arranged on the left and right sides corresponding to the sinkers 39B and 39A on the opposite side (front side or rear side). A pair of fair leaders 42 are drawn on the sinking box 21 and are hung on the movable pulleys 41B and 41A while bypassing the two fixed pulleys 40. In such a wiring configuration, when the two vertical box winches 38 on the control tower 22 are operated in synchronization with each other , the sinking box 21 moves in the vertical direction. Thus, the wires 44A and 44B drawn from the front and rear sinkers 39A and 39B through the fair leader 42 onto the sinking box 21 are in the form of a conventional V-shaped wiring with respect to the center line of the sinking box 21. The wire ring is considerably sharper than that shown in FIG. 11, which makes the wire tension more effective and improves the maneuverability than in the prior art.
[0016]
On the other hand, on the two pontoons 23 and 24, as shown in FIG. 1, a sinking winch 45 for sinking the sinking box 21 is mounted, and a wire 46 fed from each sinking winch 45 is embedded in the sinking box. 21 is connected. The sinking box 21 increases in weight by pouring water into a ballast tank (not shown) provided therein, and the wire 46 is fed from the winch 45 on each of the pontoons 23 and 24 in response to the water pouring, thereby sinking the box. 21 gradually settles.
[0017]
Here, as shown in FIG. 8, power and control signals are supplied to the winches 45 on the pontoons 23 and 24 from the command room 26 on the control tower 22 via the cable 47. Then, since only one control tower 22 is mounted at a position that is biased to one end side in the longitudinal direction of the submerged box 21, a considerable distance (as an example, 50 to 50) is provided between the control tower 22 and one pontoon 23. 70 m). In this case, if the cable 47 is extended together with the reinforcing wire (messenger wire) to the one pontoon 23 in the same manner as the land construction, the pontoon 23 may greatly swing according to the sinking operation. There is a risk that the reinforcing wire is broken.
[0018]
Therefore, in the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 8, a reinforcing wire 49 is installed between the control tower 22 and the one pontoon 23 via a tension adjusting mechanism 48, and The cable 47 is supported. The tension adjusting mechanism 48 includes a fixed pulley 50 that is suspended and supported by the control tower 22, a moving pulley 51 that is operatively connected at one end to the fixed pulley 50, and is passed through the reinforcing wire 49, and the moving pulley. The weight 52 is suspended and supported by 51. In such a tension adjusting mechanism 48, since the constant load of the weight 52 acts on the reinforcing wire 49 via the movable pulley 51, the reinforcing wire 49 does not swing the pontoon 23 even if the pontoon 23 swings. The expansion and contraction follows the movement, and the disconnection is prevented in advance.
[0019]
Furthermore, when installing the sinking box 21, a positioning system for measuring the position of the sinking box 21 is necessary. In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 9, the roof of the surveying chamber 27 of the control tower 22 is used. The three target prisms 55 and the receiving antenna 56 are installed on the land, while on the land, three automatic tracking total stations 57 aiming at the three target prisms 55, a data processor 58 and a transmitter 59 are provided. And the positioning system is composed of these. In such a positioning system, the target prism 55 on the control tower 22 is aimed at three total stations 57 installed on the land, so that the position of the sinking box 21 can be measured three-dimensionally. The result is signal-processed by the data processor 57 and sent from the transmitter 59 to the receiver 56 on the control tower 22. A measuring instrument (not shown) that takes in a signal from the receiver 56 is provided in the surveying chamber 27, and a monitor (in which the position data accumulated in the measuring instrument is displayed in the command chamber 26 under the surveying chamber 27 ( (Not shown) are provided, and an operator in the control room 26 uses the winch 38, 45 for maneuvering as described above based on the position data displayed on the monitor or the means for injecting water into the ballast tank. Manipulate.
[0020]
Hereinafter, the setting work of the sinking box 21 equipped with the above-described various fittings will be described.
When the sinking box 21 is set, the sinking box 21 that has been equipped with various types of fittings is towed to the settling position, and at that position, the necessary number of sinkers 39 are installed and fixed to the submarine ground 15, and the sinker 39 and the settling are set up. For example, as shown in FIG. 7, wiring is performed between the fixed pulley 40 on the box 21, the movable pulleys 41 </ b> A and 41 </ b> B, the fair leader 42, and the like. Upon completion of this preparation, the operator in the command room building 26 operates various operating means while looking at the monitor on which the position data from the positioning system (FIG. 9) is displayed, and thereby moves to the ballast tank in the submerged box 21. In addition, the wire 46 is fed out from the winch 45 on each of the pontoons 23 and 24, and the submerged box 21 gradually sinks. On the other hand, by the operation of the winch 38 on the control tower 22 at the same time as the sinking of the sinking box 21 starts, the sinking box 21 is positioned in the horizontal direction and gradually sinks to a position where it can be connected to the existing sinking box 20.
[0021]
Then, when the submergence box 21 approaches the bottom surface of the groove 16 of the water bottom 15 as much as possible and approaches the existing submergence box 20 as much as possible, the work that has entered the submergence box 21 through the access shaft 29 in the control tower 22 is performed. A member extends a support jack (not shown) from the bottom surface of the sinking box 21, temporarily sinks the sinking box 21 to the bottom surface of the groove 16, and extends a connecting jack (not shown) forward from the front surface of the sinking box 21. The tip is operatively connected to a locking tool (not shown) of the existing sinking box 20. Thereafter, the sinking box 21 is drawn to the existing sinking box 20 side by shortening the connecting jack, and is further firmly joined to the existing sinking box 20 using water pressure, whereby the sinking of the sinking box 21 is completed. . During this time, the fan 33 on the control tower 22 alternately repeats the air supply operation and the exhaust operation, so that fresh outside air is always introduced into the submerged box 21 and the working environment of the worker is Maintained well.
[0022]
After the completion of the setting of the sink box 21, the wire 46 fed from the winch 45 on the pontoons 23 and 24 is first disconnected from the sink box 21, and the two pontoons 23 and 24 are quickly removed. In the present embodiment, since only one control tower 22 is installed at a position that is biased to one end side in the longitudinal direction of the submerged box 21, when the pontoons 23 and 24 are removed, the upper sea area of the submerged box 21 is large. It is open, and the ship can go freely at this stage. Next, the control tower 22 is removed from the submergence box 21, but since only one control tower 22 is removed, the removal does not take a long time. Construction will be completed promptly.
[0023]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the submergence box laying method according to the present invention, only one huge control tower is installed at a position biased to one end side in the longitudinal direction on the submergence box , and the control of the one unit is controlled. Since the tower is equipped with a winch, command room, surveying room, etc. necessary for maneuvering, it is possible to achieve a significant reduction in the production cost of the burial box including fittings. In addition, since only one control tower needs to be removed after the installation is completed, it is possible to quickly remove the fittings and achieve a significant shortening of the route closing period. In addition, since the upper surface of the sinking box is greatly opened, the degree of freedom of wiring for handling is increased, and the improvement in handling performance can be achieved. In general, the utility value of the present invention is great.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a perspective view schematically showing one embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a front view showing the structure of a control tower used in the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a plan view showing the structure of the control tower.
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing a ventilation system according to the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing an operation status of the ventilation system.
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing an operation state of the ventilation system.
FIG. 7 is a plan view showing an embodiment of a wiring for longitudinal boxing in the present invention.
FIG. 8 is a side view showing a cable support structure according to the present invention.
FIG. 9 is a perspective view schematically showing a positioning system in the present invention.
FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram showing the structure of a conventional two-control tower type submerged box.
FIG. 11 is a plan view showing a form of wiring for a conventional vertical box.
[Explanation of symbols]
15 Submerged ground 16 Groove 20 Existing submerged box 21 New submerged box (Submerged box)
22 Control towers 23 and 24 Pontoon 25 Tower body 26 Command room 27 Survey room 29 Access shaft 32 Air supply / exhaust pipe 33 Fan 36 Air intake / exhaust chamber 38 Operating winch 39A, 39B Sinker 48 Tension adjustment mechanism 55 Target prism 57 Total station

Claims (3)

A control tower and a pontoon are installed on the submergence box, and the submergence box is submerged by a winch operation on the pontoon while pouring water into the ballast tank in the submergence box, and the submergence box is horizontally moved by a winch operation on the control tower. In the subsidence box moving method to be moved, only one control tower is installed at a position biased to one end in the longitudinal direction on the submergence box, and the winch and command room required for maneuvering are installed on the one control tower. A submerged box installation method characterized by mounting a surveying room or the like and centrally managing the installation using the one control tower. Passing an air supply / exhaust pipe through an access shaft equipped on one control tower mounted on the submerged box, and using the access passage in the access shaft and the passage in the air supply / exhaust pipe for submergence and internal ventilation, The submerged box laying method according to claim 1, wherein the two passages are alternately used for supply and exhaust . 3. The submergence box settling device according to claim 2 , wherein a swirlable nozzle is connected to a fan for an air supply / exhaust pipe, and the nozzle is directed to the windward during an air supply operation, and the nozzle is directed to the leeway during an exhaust operation. Construction method.

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