JP3741406B2 - Flooring - Google Patents

Description

【００３１】

【００３２】

【００３３】
「実施例１」で得られた床材の性状を「（表４）」に示す。

＊衝撃吸収性の試験方法はＪＩＳＡ６５１９に準じた。
＊かたさ評価は東工大のかたさ試験で測定した。約１．１５の値に近いほど疲労が少ない。（居住性からみた床のかたさの評価方法に関する研究（その２）小野英哲ら一日本建築学会構造系論文報告集第３７３号昭和６２年３月−より）
＊耐摩耗性の試験方法は試料を直径１０５ｍｍの円形に切り、回転速度６０ｒｐｍで研磨紙で擦り、１，０００回転後の摩耗の深さを測定した。
＊防汚性の試験方法は作業場に１ヶ月間敷設後、汚れの度合いを下記の５段階で評価した。
１：著しく汚れている ２：かなり汚れている ３：汚れている ４：少し汚れている
５：ほとんど汚れていない。
＊ＣＦＨ：ガラス基材層、発泡層、印刷層、及び表面層からなる全厚１．８ｍｍのビニル床シート
＊ＣＦＨＤ：ガラス基材層、発泡層、印刷層、及び表面層からなる全厚３．５ｍｍのビニル床シート
【００３４】
表４から明らかなように、衝撃吸収性においては従来の発泡床シートよりはるかに優れており、従来の下肢疲労低減シートとはほぼ同等である。また、立ち作業における下肢疲労低減効果を示すかたさ評価においては従来の下肢疲労低減シートに近い効果がある。さらに、耐摩耗性、及び防汚性においては従来の下肢疲労低減シートよりはるかに優れた性能を示す。
【００３５】
【発明の効果】
以上説明したように、本発明の床材は中間層に低発泡層４を設けることにより、下層の高発泡層２の発泡倍率が５倍を超えても、折れシワや厚みのバラツキが生じることがなく、従来、発泡床材によっては不可能であった優れた衝撃吸収性を具備した床材を得ることができる。さらに、付随する効果としてその適度なクッション性により、長時間の立ち作業等の際、下肢にかかる負担を軽減し、疲労を著しく低減させる効果も奏することができる。
【００３６】
また、高発泡層２と低発泡層４の間に繊維シート層３を設けることで、製造時、施工時の切断、破断等が防止でき、従来、製作不可能であった高発泡倍率のシート等の製作が可能になった。
【００３７】
加えて、製造時に本発明床材はマット、シート双方に加工が可能であるため、部分敷き、又はフロア全体に敷くことも可能である。
【００３８】
さらに、表面層はＰＶＣ、ＵＶ樹脂の合成樹脂を用いているため、特にウレタン樹脂等を使用した従来の下肢疲労軽減床材と比較して、防汚性、及び耐摩耗性においてはるかに優れており、また、当該表面層にエンボスを付与することにより、防滑性を持たせることができ、印刷シート、転写紙等による種々の装飾が可能となるため、意匠性、及びその自由度が大幅に向上するし、様々なバリエーションに富んだ意匠を付与することができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】 本発明の床材の一例を示す縦断面図である。
【図２】 従来の下肢疲労軽減シートの一例を示す縦断面図である。
【符号の説明】
１ 本発明の床材の一例
２ 高発泡層
３ 繊維シート層
４ 低発泡層
５ 表面層
６ 表面突起物
７ 裏面突起物[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention is characterized in that the lower layer has a high foam layer, the intermediate layer has a low foam layer, the surface layer has a non-foamed synthetic resin layer, and an inorganic and / or organic fiber sheet is interposed between the lower layer and the intermediate layer. It relates to the flooring.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, in order to ensure the safety at the time of the fall in the flooring material, various flooring materials provided with an impact absorption property by providing a foam layer in the lower layer have been provided.
[0003]
In addition, when standing on a hard floor, the ankles, knees and other joints, muscles and other lower limbs are burdened, causing poor circulation, increasing fatigue in the legs, and causing musculoskeletal diseases. is there. By imparting cushioning properties to the floor surface, the burden on the lower limbs can be reduced by moving and dispersing the weight burden points. Paying attention to this, circular or elliptical projections are arranged on the surface of the mat, such as urethane foam, with respect to the position where the circular projections are arranged on the back surface. US Pat. No. 5,863,637 discloses a flooring that reduces the burden on the lower limbs during standing work by providing protrusions alternately (see FIG. 1).
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, the method of imparting shock absorption by providing a foam layer is simple, but if the foaming ratio of the foam layer exceeds 4 times, wrinkles and the like are generated during construction, so the foam layer provides cushioning properties and the like. There is a limit to the application, and it was not possible to provide sufficient cushioning properties to obtain the required shock absorption depending on the application. Further, when the foam sheet is manufactured, if the foaming ratio is increased or the thickness of the foamed layer is increased too much, there is a problem that the thickness is not stable, the mechanical strength is weak, and breakage or breakage easily occurs.
[0005]
On the other hand, in the conventional lower limb fatigue reduction flooring, the circular protrusions are disposed on the surface, and the cushioning property is provided by alternately providing the positions where the circular protrusions are disposed on the back surface. Therefore, since circular protrusions must be provided on the surface, the degree of freedom in design is remarkably restricted, and there is a problem that designs that can be given are limited. Further, since the synthetic resin used for the flooring material is a foamed urethane resin and the like, it is easy to get dirty, and the wear resistance is not preferable, so improvement has been desired.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
Therefore, the flooring material of the present invention has impact resistance by having a highly foamed layer exceeding 4 times, can impart high design properties, can prevent misalignment when laid, and is excellent. In order to exhibit stain resistance, in a cushioning floor material consisting of a lower layer, an intermediate layer, and a surface layer, it is made of a polyvinyl chloride resin, from a lower layer containing a plasticizer of 20 to 80 PHR , and a polyvinyl chloride resin Consisting of an intermediate layer containing a plasticizer of 20 to 80 PHR, consisting of a polyvinyl chloride resin and a surface layer of 0.2 to 0.4 mm in thickness containing a plasticizer of 20 to 80 PHR, the lower layer of such expansion ratio is always greater than the expansion ratio of the intermediate layer, the high expansion layer expansion ratio 4-8 times lower, the expansion ratio in the intermediate layer is 2 to 5 times the lower foam layer, said surface In layers Has a foamed synthetic resin layer, the lower layer, and the ratio of the thickness of the intermediate layer is lower / intermediate layer = 8/2 to 5/5, and mineral and / or organic fiber sheet between the lower layer and the intermediate layer The present invention provides a flooring material characterized by interposing.
[0007]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, description will be made sequentially based on the drawings.
[0008]
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of the flooring of the present invention. In the figure, 2 is a high foam layer constituting the lower layer, 3 is a fiber sheet layer, 4 is a low foam layer constituting the intermediate layer, and 5 is a non-foam layer constituting the surface layer.
[0009]
In the flooring of the present invention, the high foam layer 2 and the low foam layer 4 are composed of a synthetic resin in which additives such as a filler, a foaming agent, and a stabilizer and a plasticizer are blended as necessary.
[0010]
Here, the flooring of the present invention is composed of a polyvinyl chloride resin (hereinafter referred to as PVC).
[0011]
As the filler, various inorganic fillers such as calcium carbonate, talc, aluminum oxide, silica powder, kaolin and calcium silicate can be used.
[0012]
As the foaming method, both chemical foaming method and mechanical foaming method can be used. When chemical foaming method is used, azodicarboxylic acid amide, N, N-dinitrosopentamethylenetetramine is used as the foaming agent. Organic or inorganic blowing agents such as P, P′-oxybisbenzenesulfonyl hydrazide, P-toluenesulfonyl hydrazide, azobisisobutyl nitrile, sodium bicarbonate, ammonium nitrate can be used. Moreover, when using a mechanical foaming method, various organic foaming chips, such as a foaming urethane chip, can be used.
[0013]
Examples of stabilizers include metal stabilizers such as barium, zinc, calcium, cadmium, lead, and tin, as well as organic phosphorus compounds, polyhydric alcohols, or epoxy compounds, or a mixture of two or more. Can do.
[0014]
As the plasticizer, in addition to phthalate esters such as DOP or DHP, phosphate ester, fatty acid ester, trimet acid, epoxy, or polyester plasticizers can be used.
[0015]
When PVC is used as the synthetic resin for the high foam layer 2 and the low foam layer 4, the filler is calcium carbonate, talc, aluminum oxide, silica powder, kaolin, silicic acid as a filler with respect to 100 parts by weight of the paste PVC having a polymerization degree of 700 to 3000. 5 to 80 parts by weight of various inorganic fillers such as calcium are contained. In addition, you may use an inorganic filler individually or in mixture of 2 or more types of inorganic fillers. Also, PVC and plasticizers to be blended with inorganic fillers are 20 to 80 parts by weight of DOP, DHP, DIDP, or DNP, and Ba / Zn or Ca / Zn higher fatty acid salts as stabilizers. In an amount of 0.1 to 5 parts by weight.
[0016]
Furthermore, both a chemical foaming method and a mechanical foaming method can be used as the foaming method. When the chemical foaming method is used, 0.5 to 5 parts by weight is contained as a foaming agent in the above composition. Moreover, when using a mechanical foaming method, it is good to contain 800-1200 weight part with respect to a high foaming layer mixing | blending and 400-1000 weight part foaming chip with respect to a low foaming layer mixing | blending.
[0017]
The expansion ratio of the high foam layer 2 can be arbitrarily set as required. For example, when the flooring of the present invention is intended only for use as an impact absorbing floor, the foaming ratio is not particularly limited, but in order to sufficiently exert the effect of reducing lower limb fatigue, it is 4 in the highly foamed layer. A foaming ratio of twice or more is preferable, and 4 to 8 times is more preferable. If the expansion ratio exceeds 8 times, walking may be poor, and pedestrians may feel more tired. If the expansion ratio is less than 4 times, sufficient cushioning can be obtained to reduce lower limb fatigue during standing work. This is because there is a possibility that a problem such as absence may occur.
[0018]
The expansion ratio of the low foam layer 4 is preferably 2 to 5 times. If the expansion ratio exceeds 5 times, creases will occur at the time of construction, and if it is less than 2 times, the cushioning property of the high foam layer 2 which is the lower layer cannot be transmitted to the surface, and the impact resistance can be sufficiently exhibited. In addition, there is a possibility that problems such as lowering leg fatigue during standing work may occur.
[0019]
The ratio of the thickness of the high foam layer 2 and the low foam layer 4 can be arbitrarily set according to the use, but when the range of the high foam layer / low foam layer = 8/2 to 5/5, it is particularly effective in reducing the fatigue of the lower limbs. Become prominent.
[0020]
Fiber sheet layer 3 interposed between the high foam layer 2 and the low foam layer 4 The flooring of the present invention gives strength so that it does not break, break, etc. during manufacture, construction, or use. Used to stabilize Therefore, the fiber sheet can use a woven fabric, a non-woven fabric, and a knitted fabric made of inorganic and / or organic materials that can achieve the above-mentioned purpose, and specifically, among glass, carbon, and metal (including alloys). A fiber sheet made of at least one inorganic fiber, pulp, cotton, rayon, polyester, nylon, urethane, acrylic, polypropylene, or at least one organic fiber, or two or more mixed fibers can be used. . Among these, polyester-based spunbond is particularly preferable from the viewpoint of stability during processing.
[0021]
Furthermore, as a method of using the fiber sheet, two or more different or the same kind of fiber sheets may be stacked and used. Among these, polyester-based spunbond is particularly preferable from the viewpoint of stability during processing.
[0022]
In the flooring of the present invention, the surface layer is composed of a synthetic resin containing a filler and, if necessary, additives such as a stabilizer and a plasticizer.
[0023]
The flooring material of the present invention is preferably PVC in view of processability and cost.
[0024]
As the filler, various inorganic fillers such as calcium carbonate, talc, aluminum oxide, silica powder, kaolin and calcium silicate can be used.
[0025]
As the plasticizer, in addition to phthalate esters such as DOP or DHP, phosphate ester, fatty acid ester, trimet acid, epoxy, or polyester plasticizers may be used.
[0026]
Examples of stabilizers include metal stabilizers such as barium, zinc, calcium, cadmium, lead, and tin, as well as organic phosphorus compounds, polyhydric alcohols, or epoxy compounds, or a mixture of two or more. Can do.
[0027]
The surface layer 5 may be premixed, kneaded, rolled with a calender roll or the like, and sheet-formed by heat fusion during the production of the flooring of the present invention, or may be laminated using an appropriate adhesive. Alternatively, paste PVC may be used, and an inorganic filler, a plasticizer, a stabilizer, and the like may be added as appropriate, applied to the surface of the low foam layer 4, and then solidified by heating. Further, a UV resin having low rigidity can be applied to the surface of the low foam layer 4 and solidified.
[0028]
In addition, a pigment may be added to the composition of the surface layer 5 so as to be translucent or concealed, or an organic filler such as polyethylene terephthalate or an inorganic filler such as mica powder may be added to impart design properties. In addition, a method of providing a printing sheet in which a pattern is formed in advance between the low foam layer 2 and the surface layer 5, a printing method such as gravure printing, offset printing, or silk screen printing, or a pattern once on a release sheet. A pattern may be formed to prepare a transfer sheet, and decoration may be applied by a transfer printing method or the like. Furthermore, if appropriate embossing is imparted, the design of the flooring material of the present invention is remarkably improved, and anti-slip properties can be imparted. In addition, the thickness of the surface layer 5 should just be the thickness which can transmit the cushioning property in the high foaming layer 2 and the low foaming layer 2. FIG. Specifically, a thickness of 2 mm or less is preferable, and a thickness of 0.2 to 0.4 mm is more preferable.
[0029]
【Example】
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to examples.
Example 1
After applying a paste with a high foam layer composition (see “Table 1”) to the release paper with a coater, the spunbond was fed out, placed so that the paste was immersed, and heated with a heater to be pregelled. . Next, a polyester spunbond was laminated, and the pre-gelled sheet was coated with a paste with a low foaming layer formulation (see “Table 2”) using a coater and similarly heated with a heater to be pregelled. Further, a paste having a surface layer composition (see “Table 3”) is applied in a thickness of 0.3 mm, and heated in an oven to gel the surface layer 5 and increase the high foaming layer 2 five times, and the low foaming layer 4 Foaming was performed 3.5 times and the total thickness was processed to 8 mm. The flooring of the present invention was obtained by peeling the release paper and applying embossing with an embossing roll.
[0030]

[0031]

[0032]

[0033]
The properties of the flooring material obtained in “Example 1” are shown in “(Table 4)”.

* The test method for impact absorbency conformed to JIS A6519.
* Hardness evaluation was measured by a hardness test at Tokyo Tech. The closer to a value of about 1.15, the less fatigue. (Study on evaluation method of floor hardness from the viewpoint of habitability (Part 2) Hidenori Ono et al. From the Architectural Institute of Japan Architectural Institute Papers No. 373, March 1987)
* Abrasion resistance was tested by cutting a sample into a circle having a diameter of 105 mm, rubbing it with abrasive paper at a rotational speed of 60 rpm, and measuring the depth of wear after 1,000 revolutions.
* As for the antifouling test method, after laying in the workplace for one month, the degree of dirt was evaluated according to the following five levels.
1: Extremely dirty 2: Very dirty 3: Dirty 4: Slightly dirty 5: Almost dirty
* CFH: vinyl floor sheet with a total thickness of 1.8 mm consisting of a glass base layer, foam layer, print layer, and surface layer * CFHD: total thickness 3 consisting of a glass base layer, foam layer, print layer, and surface layer 3 .5mm vinyl floor sheet [0034]
As is apparent from Table 4, the shock absorption is far superior to the conventional foam floor sheet, and is almost equivalent to the conventional leg fatigue reduction sheet. Moreover, in the hardness evaluation which shows the lower leg fatigue reduction effect in standing work, there exists an effect close | similar to the conventional lower leg fatigue reduction sheet | seat. Furthermore, in the abrasion resistance and antifouling property, the performance far superior to the conventional leg fatigue reduction sheet is shown.
[0035]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, the floor material of the present invention is provided with the low foam layer 4 in the intermediate layer, so that even if the foaming ratio of the lower high foam layer 2 exceeds 5 times, the wrinkles and thickness variations occur. Therefore, it is possible to obtain a flooring material having an excellent impact absorbency that has been impossible with conventional foamed flooring materials. Furthermore, as an accompanying effect, due to its moderate cushioning property, it is possible to reduce the burden on the lower limbs when standing for a long time or the like, and to exert an effect of significantly reducing fatigue.
[0036]
In addition, by providing the fiber sheet layer 3 between the high foam layer 2 and the low foam layer 4, it is possible to prevent cutting, breakage, etc. during manufacturing and construction, and a sheet with a high foaming ratio that has heretofore been impossible to manufacture. Etc. became possible.
[0037]
In addition, since the flooring of the present invention can be processed into both a mat and a sheet at the time of manufacture, it can be partially laid or laid on the entire floor.
[0038]
Furthermore, since the surface layer uses a synthetic resin such as PVC or UV resin, it is far superior in antifouling properties and wear resistance, especially compared to conventional lower leg fatigue reduction floor materials using urethane resin or the like. In addition, by giving embossing to the surface layer, it can be provided with anti-slip properties, and various decorations by printing sheets, transfer papers, etc. are possible, so the designability and its flexibility are greatly increased. The design can be improved and various designs can be given.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing an example of a flooring of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view showing an example of a conventional lower limb fatigue reduction sheet.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 Example of flooring of the present invention 2 High foam layer 3 Fiber sheet layer 4 Low foam layer 5 Surface layer 6 Surface projection 7 Back projection

Claims (1)

Cushioning floor material comprising a lower layer, an intermediate layer, and a surface layer, comprising a polyvinyl chloride resin, a lower layer containing 20-80 PHR plasticizer , and a polyvinyl chloride resin, 20-80 PHR plasticizer The intermediate layer is made of a polyvinyl chloride resin, is composed of a surface layer having a thickness of 0.2 mm to 0.4 mm containing a plasticizer of 20 to 80 PHR, and the lower layer has an expansion ratio of the intermediate layer expansion ratio always as greater than, the lower the expansion ratio 4-8 fold higher foam layer, the intermediate layer in expansion ratio 2-5 times lower foamed layer, the non-foamed synthetic resin layer on the surface layer The thickness ratio of the lower layer and the intermediate layer is lower layer / intermediate layer = 8/2 to 5/5, and an inorganic and / or organic fiber sheet is interposed between the lower layer and the intermediate layer That features Floor coverings to be.

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