JP3741237B2 - Small antenna - Google Patents

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Publication number
JP3741237B2
JP3741237B2 JP28940496A JP28940496A JP3741237B2 JP 3741237 B2 JP3741237 B2 JP 3741237B2 JP 28940496 A JP28940496 A JP 28940496A JP 28940496 A JP28940496 A JP 28940496A JP 3741237 B2 JP3741237 B2 JP 3741237B2
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JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
conductor
antenna
open end
parallel
capacitor
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
Application number
JP28940496A
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Japanese (ja)
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JPH10135723A (en
Inventor
一男 金子
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Showa Denko Materials Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Hitachi Chemical Co Ltd
Showa Denko Materials Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
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Priority to JP28940496A priority Critical patent/JP3741237B2/en
Publication of JPH10135723A publication Critical patent/JPH10135723A/en
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Publication of JP3741237B2 publication Critical patent/JP3741237B2/en
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Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、小型アンテナに関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
トランシーバー等の携帯用の通信機器には、通常、ホイップアンテナやそのホイップアンテナにコイルを接続した短縮型のアンテナが使用されている。
また、近年では、移動電話機、警報装置、ガス監視装置、交通量のセンサ等に小型のアンテナを用いることが多くなっている。
このような例としては、例えば、論文「腕時計型携帯無線機用小型アンテナの検討」(1993年電子情報通信学会春季大会、B−101)にも記載されているように、長方形の導体にスリットを設け、略中心に、共振させるためのコンデンサを設け、そこから離れた箇所に励振点を設けているものが知られている。
その特性は、指向性が小さく、どの方向からの電波でも同程度に受信でき、あるいは放射できるものである。
【0003】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
このような小型のアンテナは、実際に使用する周波数の波長に比べかなり短いものが要求される。
そこで、コイルを直列に装荷して短縮することや、上記論文にも記載されているように、導体を短くしておいて共振させるためのコンデンサを用いているが、コイルを直列に装荷すると、コイルの直径分太くなり、小型化を行うことができず、共振のためにコンデンサを用いると、そのコンデンサを接続する位置によって位相が変化し、使用する周波数によっては最適な励振を行うことができない場合や、使用する周波数の帯域が減少し、通信の信頼性が低下することもある。
【0004】
このような課題を解決するものとして、本発明者らは、図5(a)に示すように、一平面内に、長さが使用周波数の波長λの0.4倍以下である導体d1と、その導体d1に平行な地導体d2とを有し、その両端部において、導体d1と地導体d2とをコンデンサc1及びc2によって接続し、導体d1の略中央部に励振点を設けた小型アンテナを提案している。
【0005】
すなわち、短縮アンテナを作製するにあたって、短縮したときの線路でも共振できるように、同一の値を持つコンデンサをアンテナの先端2箇所に設けたものである。
【0006】
ところが、このアンテナは、線路によるインダクタンス分と、コンデンサのみによる構成のため、Qが高く、したがって、送受信できる周波数の帯域が極めて低いものである。
このようなアンテナを用いた場合には、例えば、異なる周波数を用いて、送受信を同時に行うような交信に用いることができず、また、テレビジョン受信機のように、広い帯域を必要とする受信機等に用いることもできないという課題がある。
また、比較的高い周波数を用いる通信機を大量生産するときに、同調回路を簡便にするために、アンテナに広帯域のものを用いることがあるが、このような使い方をすることもできないという課題もある。
【0007】
本発明は、小型であり、簡便に広い帯域の得られるアンテナを提供することを目的とする。
【0008】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明の小型アンテナは、絶縁基板上に、略コの字の導体D1と、導体D1とほぼ同じ大きさで導体D1の長辺と平行な長辺を有すると共に逆向きの略コの字の導体D2を、間隔dで平行に配置し、導体D1の略コの字の開放端に対向する短絡端側と導体D2の開放端側で導体D1と導体D2を接続するとともに、それぞれの略コの字の開放端にコンデンサが設けられ、導体D1の長さをL1とし導体D1の開放端部から0.3L1〜0.7L1の範囲に励振点を設けたことを特徴とする。
【0009】
【発明の実施の形態】
このアンテナの励振点は、導体D1及び導体D2の長さをL1とすると、導体D1または導体D2の開放端部から0.3L1〜0.7L1の範囲に設けることが好ましい。
ここでいう導体D1,D2の導体の長さは、略コ字状の平行な部分の導体長さとその平行な部分の導体を接続する部分の導体の長さの合計の長さである。
この励振点が、開放端部から0.3L1未満あるいは0.7L1を越えた範囲では、アンテナの損失が大きく、実用的でない。
【0010】
コンデンサC1、C2には、トリマコンデンサを用いることができ、調整を行う上で好ましい。
【0011】
この導体D1と導体D2とは、一平面内に設けるだけでなく、空間的に平行となるように設けることもできる。
【0012】
このようなアンテナは、具体的には、一般に配線板用に使用される絶縁基板上に、コ字状の導体D1と、それに平行な導体D2を設け、それぞれの開放端部において、それぞれコンデンサC1及びC2によって接続し、導体D1またはD2に励振点を設けて作製することができ、さらに詳しくは、印刷配線板用銅張り積層板の導体として必要な箇所以外をエッチング除去する、一般の配線板の製造法を用いることによって作製することができる。
このようにして作製したアンテナを、送受信機の筐体の一平面と平行に取り付ければ、狭い箇所へアンテナを取り付けることができ、機器の小型化を行うことができる。
【0013】
また、これらのアンテナは、送受信機の筐体の一平面と平行に取り付け、筐体によってカバーすることもでき、アンテナを絶縁保護することができ、好ましい。
【0014】
この他にも、通常のアンテナと同様に、アンテナ用コネクタに直接取り付けることもでき、また、別の箇所に接地したアンテナとケーブルを用いて接続することも可能である。
【0015】
本発明者らは、鋭意検討の結果、以下のような知見により、本発明をなしたものである。
すなわち、「従来の技術」で述べた本発明者らの提案したアンテナは、図5(b)に示すような特性であり、これを図4(a)に示すように、複同調回路とすることによって、図4(b)に示すように、広い帯域を得られるのではないか、と考えたのである。
そこで、導体D1とコンデンサC1からなる部分と、導体D2とコンデンサC2からなる部分を、どのように配置すれば、小型で、しかも帯域の広いアンテナとすることができるかを、様々なサンプルを作製し、測定した結果、上記のアンテナの構造を得られたものである。
【0016】
【実施例】
実施例1
図1に示すように、ガラス布エポキシ樹脂を用いた片面銅張り積層板の銅箔の不要な箇所を、通常の配線板の製造に用いる方法で、エッチング除去し、使用中心周波数を500MHz(波長:60cm)において、幅1mm、長さが45mm、平行な導体の間隔が2mmである略コ字状の導体D1と、その導体D1と同じ大きさで、その導体D1の長辺に平行な長辺を有する導体D2とを有し、それぞれの開放端において、容量が3〜15pFのトリマコンデンサC1及びC2を接続し、導体D1に励振点を設けたアンテナを作製した。
このときの励振点は、導体D1の接続部の端部から4mm(開放端部Aから17mm、開放端部Bから28mm)であった。
このアンテナの特性を図2に示す。
【0017】
実施例2〜5
図2に示す、実施例1と同じ材料を用いて、同じ形状のアンテナを、D1の長辺とそれに平行な導体D2の長辺との間隔を、実施例1が2.5mmであったところを、それぞれ、2mm、3mm、3.5mm、4mmと変えたものを作製した。
【0018】
実施例2〜5のアンテナの特性を図3(a)〜(d)に示す。
この図から理解できるように、本実施例のアンテナ、導体D1の長辺とそれに平行な導体D2の長辺の間隔dを調整することによって、帯域幅の異なるアンテナを作製することができる。
【0019】
【発明の効果】
以上に説明したように、本発明によって、小型化に優れ、かつ周波数と最適な励振点を容易に調整できるアンテナと、そのアンテナを用いた送受信装置を提供することができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明の一実施例を示す平面図である。
【図2】本発明の一実施例の特性を示す線図である。
【図3】(a)〜(d)は、それぞれ本発明の他の実施例の特性を示す線図である。
【図4】本発明の原理を説明するための回路図と線図である。
【図5】(a)は、従来例を説明するための平面図であり、(b)及び(c)は従来例のアンテナの特性を説明するための線図である。
【符号の説明】
D1,D2,d1,d2.導体
C1,C2,c1,c2.コンデンサ
[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a small antenna.
[0002]
[Prior art]
A portable communication device such as a transceiver usually uses a whip antenna or a shortened antenna in which a coil is connected to the whip antenna.
In recent years, small antennas are often used for mobile phones, alarm devices, gas monitoring devices, traffic sensors, and the like.
As an example of this, for example, as described in the paper “Examination of a small antenna for wristwatch-type portable wireless devices” (1993 IEICE Spring Meeting, B-101), a rectangular conductor is slit. Is provided, and a capacitor for resonating is provided at substantially the center, and an excitation point is provided at a location away from the capacitor.
The characteristic is that directivity is small, and radio waves from any direction can be received or radiated to the same extent.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
Such a small antenna is required to be much shorter than the wavelength of the frequency actually used.
Therefore, it is shortened by loading the coil in series, and as described in the above paper, a capacitor is used to resonate by shortening the conductor, but when the coil is loaded in series, The coil becomes thicker and cannot be reduced in size, and if a capacitor is used for resonance, the phase changes depending on the position where the capacitor is connected, and optimal excitation cannot be performed depending on the frequency used. In some cases, the frequency band to be used may be reduced, and communication reliability may be reduced.
[0004]
In order to solve such a problem, as shown in FIG. 5 (a), the present inventors have a conductor d1 whose length is 0.4 times or less of the wavelength λ of the operating frequency in one plane. A small antenna having a ground conductor d2 parallel to the conductor d1, connecting the conductor d1 and the ground conductor d2 at both ends by capacitors c1 and c2, and providing an excitation point at a substantially central portion of the conductor d1. Has proposed.
[0005]
That is, when manufacturing a shortened antenna, capacitors having the same value are provided at two locations on the tip of the antenna so that the line can be resonated when shortened.
[0006]
However, this antenna has a high Q because of the configuration of only the inductance due to the line and the capacitor, and therefore the frequency band that can be transmitted and received is extremely low.
When such an antenna is used, for example, it cannot be used for communication in which transmission and reception are simultaneously performed using different frequencies, and reception that requires a wide band like a television receiver is required. There is a problem that it cannot be used for machines.
In addition, when mass-producing communication devices using a relatively high frequency, in order to simplify the tuning circuit, a broadband antenna may be used, but there is also a problem that such usage is not possible. is there.
[0007]
An object of the present invention is to provide a small antenna that can easily obtain a wide band.
[0008]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The small antenna of the present invention has an approximately U-shaped conductor D1 on an insulating substrate, a long side that is substantially the same size as the conductor D1 and parallel to the long side of the conductor D1, and has a substantially U-shaped reverse direction . The conductor D2 is arranged in parallel with a distance d, and the conductor D1 and the conductor D2 are connected to each other at the short-circuit end side facing the substantially U-shaped open end of the conductor D1 and the open end side of the conductor D2. A capacitor is provided at the open end of the character, the length of the conductor D1 is L1, and the excitation point is provided in the range of 0.3L1 to 0.7L1 from the open end of the conductor D1 .
[0009]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The excitation point of this antenna is preferably provided in the range of 0.3L1 to 0.7L1 from the open end of the conductor D1 or the conductor D2, where the length of the conductor D1 and the conductor D2 is L1.
The conductor length of the conductors D1 and D2 here is the total length of the conductor length of the substantially U-shaped parallel portion and the length of the conductor of the portion connecting the conductors of the parallel portion.
In the range where this excitation point is less than 0.3L1 or more than 0.7L1 from the open end, the loss of the antenna is large, which is not practical.
[0010]
Trimmer capacitors can be used as the capacitors C1 and C2, which is preferable for adjustment.
[0011]
The conductor D1 and the conductor D2 can be provided not only in one plane but also in parallel in space.
[0012]
Specifically, such an antenna is provided with a U-shaped conductor D1 and a parallel conductor D2 on an insulating substrate generally used for a wiring board, and at each open end, a capacitor C1 is provided. And C2 and can be produced by providing an excitation point on the conductor D1 or D2, and more specifically, a general wiring board in which portions other than those necessary as a conductor of a copper-clad laminate for printed wiring boards are removed by etching. It can produce by using this manufacturing method.
If the antenna manufactured in this way is attached in parallel with one plane of the housing of the transceiver, the antenna can be attached to a narrow place, and the device can be downsized.
[0013]
In addition, these antennas can be attached in parallel with one plane of the casing of the transmitter / receiver, and can be covered with the casing, so that the antenna can be insulated and protected, which is preferable.
[0014]
In addition to this, like a normal antenna, it can be directly attached to an antenna connector, or can be connected to a grounded antenna at a different location using a cable.
[0015]
As a result of intensive studies, the present inventors have made the present invention based on the following findings.
That is, the antenna proposed by the present inventors described in “Prior Art” has characteristics as shown in FIG. 5B, and this is a double-tuned circuit as shown in FIG. As a result, as shown in FIG. 4B, it was thought that a wide band could be obtained.
Therefore, various samples are produced to determine how the portion composed of the conductor D1 and the capacitor C1 and the portion composed of the conductor D2 and the capacitor C2 can be arranged to be a small and wide band antenna. As a result of the measurement, the antenna structure described above was obtained.
[0016]
【Example】
Example 1
As shown in FIG. 1, unnecessary portions of the copper foil of the single-sided copper-clad laminate using glass cloth epoxy resin are etched away by a method used for manufacturing a normal wiring board, and the center frequency used is 500 MHz (wavelength : 60 cm), a substantially U-shaped conductor D1 having a width of 1 mm, a length of 45 mm, and an interval between parallel conductors of 2 mm, and a length that is the same size as the conductor D1 and parallel to the long side of the conductor D1 An antenna having a conductor D2 having a side, trimmer capacitors C1 and C2 having a capacitance of 3 to 15 pF at each open end, and an excitation point provided on the conductor D1 was manufactured.
The excitation point at this time was 4 mm from the end of the connecting portion of the conductor D1 (17 mm from the open end A and 28 mm from the open end B).
The characteristics of this antenna are shown in FIG.
[0017]
Examples 2-5
Using the same material as in Example 1 shown in FIG. 2, an antenna having the same shape, the distance between the long side of D1 and the long side of the conductor D2 parallel to D1 is 2.5 mm in Example 1. Were respectively changed to 2 mm, 3 mm, 3.5 mm, and 4 mm.
[0018]
The characteristics of the antennas of Examples 2 to 5 are shown in FIGS.
As can be understood from this figure, by adjusting the distance d between the long side of the antenna of this embodiment, the conductor D1, and the long side of the conductor D2 parallel to the antenna, antennas having different bandwidths can be manufactured.
[0019]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to provide an antenna that is excellent in miniaturization and that can easily adjust a frequency and an optimum excitation point, and a transmission / reception apparatus using the antenna.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a plan view showing an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a diagram showing characteristics of an embodiment of the present invention.
FIGS. 3A to 3D are graphs showing characteristics of another embodiment of the present invention, respectively.
FIG. 4 is a circuit diagram and a diagram for explaining the principle of the present invention.
5A is a plan view for explaining a conventional example, and FIGS. 5B and 5C are diagrams for explaining characteristics of the antenna of the conventional example. FIG.
[Explanation of symbols]
D1, D2, d1, d2. Conductors C1, C2, c1, c2. Capacitor

Claims (2)

絶縁基板上に、略コの字の導体D1と、導体D1とほぼ同じ大きさで導体D1の長辺と平行な長辺を有すると共に逆向きの略コの字の導体D2を、間隔dで平行に配置し、導体D1の略コの字の開放端に対向する短絡端側と導体D2の開放端側で導体D1と導体D2を接続するとともに、それぞれの略コの字の開放端にコンデンサが設けられ、導体D1の長さをL1とし導体D1の開放端部から0.3L1〜0.7L1の範囲に励振点を設けたことを特徴とする小型アンテナ。 An approximately U-shaped conductor D1 and an approximately U-shaped conductor D2 having a long side that is substantially the same size as the conductor D1 and parallel to the long side of the conductor D1 and that is opposite to the conductor D1 are spaced apart by an interval d. The conductor D1 and the conductor D2 are connected in parallel and connected to the open end side of the conductor D2 and the short-circuit end side facing the substantially U-shaped open end of the conductor D1, and a capacitor is connected to each open end of the approximately U-shape. And a length of the conductor D1 is L1, and an excitation point is provided in the range of 0.3L1 to 0.7L1 from the open end of the conductor D1 . 前記導体D1と、導体D2と、これらを接続するパターンが、銅箔の不要な箇所をエッチング除去し形成されたことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の小型アンテナ。  The small antenna according to claim 1, wherein the conductor D1, the conductor D2, and a pattern connecting them are formed by etching away unnecessary portions of the copper foil.
JP28940496A 1996-10-31 1996-10-31 Small antenna Expired - Fee Related JP3741237B2 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP28940496A JP3741237B2 (en) 1996-10-31 1996-10-31 Small antenna

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP28940496A JP3741237B2 (en) 1996-10-31 1996-10-31 Small antenna

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPH10135723A JPH10135723A (en) 1998-05-22
JP3741237B2 true JP3741237B2 (en) 2006-02-01

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Family Applications (1)

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Country Status (1)

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