JP3739099B2 - Processed sludge and sludge treatment method - Google Patents
Processed sludge and sludge treatment method Download PDFInfo
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- JP3739099B2 JP3739099B2 JP02679192A JP2679192A JP3739099B2 JP 3739099 B2 JP3739099 B2 JP 3739099B2 JP 02679192 A JP02679192 A JP 02679192A JP 2679192 A JP2679192 A JP 2679192A JP 3739099 B2 JP3739099 B2 JP 3739099B2
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- sludge
- dehydrated cake
- treated product
- sulfate
- alkali metal
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Description
【０００１】
【産業上の利用分野】
本発明はヘドロより生成されるヘドロ処理物及びその処理方法に関するものである。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
生活雑排水や工業排液等の流入によって、湖沼、川の底や汽水域の海底には、窒素、リン等を含有する固形分が堆積し、酸化作用を受けたヘドロとなって堆積する。また、このような生活雑排水や工業排液等を川や海に直接排出しないで、上記固形分の濃度を基準値以下にするために下水処理場や廃液処理設備の沈殿槽で一旦処理された後、排出することが行われている。
【０００３】
いずれにしても上記各廃液に含有される固形分が沈殿してできるヘドロや汚泥は、湖沼、川の底や汽水域の海底、あるいは沈殿槽や処理設備から回収されている。このヘドロや汚泥の回収の際には、多量の水分を含んだヘドロや汚泥から、さらに固形分を凝集させ、沈降・分離せしめることのできる、各種沈降剤を添加して上記固形分と水分を分離させて脱水ケーキとして回収することが行われ、この沈降剤の水分分離作用をより向上させるためにその成分・組成についても鋭意研究が進められている。
【０００４】
【発明が解決すべき課題】
しかしながら、上記の手段や方法を用いて回収されたヘドロ（汚泥）の固形分は、積極的な利用方法のないままに、さらに水分を除去した脱水ケーキとしてそのまま廃棄されるか、あるいは焼却炉等で焼却灰にして廃棄されることが殆どであった。
【０００５】
従って、少なくない経費を費やしながら各処理工程を経て得られた処理物（脱水ケーキや焼却灰）の価値については殆ど顧みられたことがなく、省資源の思想にそぐわないといえる。
【０００６】
本発明は上記の事情に鑑みて提案されたものであって、ヘドロ中の固形分に新たな価値を付与して有用な物質に転化させたヘドロ処理物及びその処理方法を提供することを目的とするものである。
【０００７】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記の目的を達成するために本発明は以下の手段を採用する。尚、本発明を適用する対象の被処理物として下記に記載した『ヘドロ』とは、湖沼、川の底や汽水域の海底に堆積した、窒素、リン等を含有する固形分が酸化作用を受けて形成されたいわゆる狭義の「ヘドロ」の他に、下水処理場や廃液処理設備の沈殿槽に上記各廃液に含有される固形分が沈殿してできる汚泥をも包含する。
【０００８】
すなわち、ヘドロ中の固形分を分離して得られた脱水ケーキに、少なくとも粒化促進剤を含有せしめた所定量の無機増量剤を、添加・混合して得られるヘドロ処理物であり、さらに上記脱水ケーキに任意量のカルシウム組成物を添加することもできる。なお、セメント、石灰類、硫酸塩、アルカリ金属組成物、フライアッシュを、１８：４．８：４．９５：２．２５：７０の重量比で配合したものを上記所定量の無機増量剤としてもよい。このようにして得られたヘドロ処理物をさらに乾燥させて顆粒状の肥料として利用する。
【０００９】
このヘドロ処理物を得るためのヘドロの処理方法としては、ヘドロに沈降剤を加え、固形分を分離した脱水ケーキを得る脱水処理工程と、粒化促進剤を含有せしめた無機増量剤を、該脱水ケーキに所定量添加・混合する粒化工程を行うようにする。
【００１０】
上記無機増量剤の具体的な物質としては、各種焼却灰、高炉スラグ、火山灰、砕石粉より少なくとも１種選ばれることが望ましく、上記粒化促進剤としても、▲１▼セメント、▲２▼セメント＋石灰類＋硫酸塩、▲３▼石灰類＋硫酸塩、▲４▼石灰類＋硫酸塩＋アルカリ金属組成物、▲５▼セメント＋石灰類＋硫酸塩＋アルカリ金属組成物、▲６▼セメント＋高炉スラグ＋フライアッシュ等の組み合わせで添加することが望ましい。
【００１１】
【作用】
回収されたヘドロは多量の水分を含有するところから、従来公知の沈降剤を加え、固形分をより分離しやすい状態にする前処理が施され、その後該固形分からさらに水分を除去するために、例えばフィルタープレスやスクリュー式脱水機等の所定の手段によって脱水（乾燥）を行い、処理のしやすい脱水ケーキを得る脱水処理工程に付される。
【００１２】
本発明ではさらにこの脱水ケーキに対し、後述する粒化促進剤を含有せしめた無機増量剤を、所定量添加・混合する粒化工程を行う。この粒化促進剤を含有せしめた無機増量剤の添加に先立って有機系の沈降剤を添加することを本発明においては何ら妨げることはなく、該粒化工程においてに一部残留する場合にも本発明の作用が阻害されることはないことが確認されている。
【００１３】
上記粒化促進剤を含有せしめた無機増量剤のヘドロに対する添加量は、該ヘドロの含有水分量を一定にすることが至難であるところから本発明においては明確に特定できないが、該ヘドロの固形分に対して１０重量％以上の添加量で良好な結果を得ているところからこの添加量を目安にすることが望ましい。
【００１４】
この無機増量剤としては、上記各種焼却灰、高炉スラグ、火山灰、砕石粉より選ばれる少なくとも１種の物質とすることが望ましい。このうち、各種焼却灰とは、石炭の焼却灰であるフライアッシュ、ゴミ焼却灰、パルプ焼却灰等あらゆる産業廃棄物及び家庭からの廃棄物の焼却灰として定義できる。また、砕石粉とは、近年環境保護の見地から採取の制限の厳しくなったコンクリート、モルタルなどの骨材となる天然の砂、砂利に代わって原石山から採取した岩石を用途別に破砕・分粒する過程において例えば角張った岩石を丸みの帯びた骨材として最適の形状に整形することにより生成される岩石粉であり、砕石設備の集塵機から乾燥粉や洗浄水からケーキ状物として回収されるものである。この他に石灰、セメントの原料となる石灰石の採取時に発生する微粉もこの砕石粉に包含されるものとする。
【００１５】
上記いずれの物質も安価に入手が可能であると同時にその使途に乏しいので本発明の目的に一層沿うものである。
また、粒化促進剤としては、セメント、石灰類、硫酸アルミニウム等の硫酸金属塩、カルシウム組成物等を標記の組み合わせで使用することができ、上記ヘドロの脱水ケーキに混入することにより、乾燥させた場合に顆粒とさせる作用を奏する。
【００１６】
特にこの粒化促進剤は、後述するように最終的に生成されるヘドロ処理物の成分を調整する作用も果たす。
このようにして、粒化工程を経たヘドロ処理物は、従来通りそのまま廃棄することも可能であるが、窒素・リン酸・カリのうち、ヘドロの固形分には窒素・リン酸が豊富に含まれることに加え、上記粒化促進剤を含有せしめた無機増量剤で残るカリ分が補填されることになる。特に任意量のカルシウム組成物を添加したヘドロ処理物はカルシウム成分が補充された肥料となるので、植物の成育を効果的に促す肥料を得ることができ、ヘドロ処理物が肥料としての利用価値を具備することとなる。尚、このようにして得られた肥料は単独で植物に投与してもよいが、さらに投与される植物の植生にあわせ所定の添加物による調製が施されるベース剤として使用することもできる。
【００１７】
尚、上記カルシウム組成物とは、カルシウムを多量に含有する物質であればよく、例えば、硫酸カルシウム、炭酸カルシウム、酸化カルシウムを豊富に含む石膏、骨粉等が例示されるが本発明においては特に限定しない。
【００１８】
さらに石灰類とは、消石灰、生石灰の他に、石灰類を豊富に含有する高炉スラグやフライアッシュで代用することもできる。またアルカリ金属組成物に関しても、ソーダ灰や炭酸ナトリウム、重炭酸ナトリウム、セスキ炭酸ナトリウム、重炭酸カリ等、各種ナトリウム化合物等を使用することができる。
【００１９】
【実施例】
以下本発明に係る一実施例をもとに説明する。
表１は本発明に係る粒化促進剤を含有する無機増量剤の組成であり、大阪府の寝屋川の川底より回収したヘドロに沈降剤Ａを添加し、固形分だけを沈降させて過剰水分と分離した。さらに該固形分をスクリュー式脱水機にかけ含有水分量が約３０重量％の脱水ケーキを得た。尚、上記沈降剤Ａは、本発明出願人による特願昭６３−１５８５０５号において開示した「水処理剤」に係る実施例品を使用した。表２にその組成を示す。
【００２０】
【表１】
【表２】
さらに上記脱水ケーキに対し、該脱水ケーキと同重量の無機増量剤及び粒化促進剤を添加・混合し、さらに乾燥させて顆粒状のヘドロ処理物（以下肥料Ｂという）を得た。
【００２３】
上記肥料Ｂを、１株のアサガオの苗を移植した８号植木鉢に土と略体積で混合し、成長の度合いを観察した。同時に比較例として肥料無添加の８号植木鉢（比較例１）、及び市販の化学肥料（油かす）約２０ｇを混合した植木鉢（比較例２）を用意した。
【００２４】
アサガオの苗の移植から、１４日経過後、及び２８日経過後の各鉢植えのアサガオの『本葉』の枚数、『本葉』の長さの平均値を各例で比較したところ、表３に示すような結果となった。
【００２５】
表３に示すように、本発明に係る肥料Ｂを投与したアサガオの株は、比較例１、２よりも成長が著しく、２８日経過後では一輪が開花していた。
更に、上記試験期間中、各例の植木鉢の表土を観察してみると、比較例１、２の表土がともに乾燥している状態でも、実施例の表土は湿っており、保水性にも優れていることが確認できた。
【００２６】
【表３】
【発明の効果】
以上のように、本発明によれば付加価値に乏しかったヘドロ処理物を肥料として再生させることができるので、従来より該ヘドロの処理に要していたコストを補填することができる。また該ヘドロ処理物は顆粒状とさせることができるところから、土木・建築用の砂としても利用することができる。もちろん従来通り、そのまま土壌に混入して廃棄しても差し支えのないことは明らかである。[0001]
[Industrial application fields]
The present invention relates to a sludge treatment product produced from sludge and a treatment method thereof.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Due to the inflow of domestic wastewater and industrial wastewater, solids containing nitrogen, phosphorus, etc. accumulate on the bottom of lakes, rivers and brackish waters, and become sludge that has undergone oxidation. In addition, such wastewater and industrial wastewater are not directly discharged into rivers or the sea, but are treated once in a sewage treatment plant or a wastewater treatment facility sedimentation tank in order to keep the solids concentration below the standard value. After that, it is done to discharge.
[0003]
In any case, sludge and sludge formed by precipitation of the solids contained in each of the above waste liquids are recovered from lakes, river bottoms, sea bottoms of brackish water areas, sedimentation tanks and treatment facilities. When recovering sludge and sludge, add various precipitating agents that can further agglomerate, settle and separate solids from sludge and sludge containing a large amount of water, and then add the solids and moisture. Separation and collection as a dehydrated cake are carried out, and in order to further improve the water separation effect of the precipitating agent, earnest research has been conducted on its components and compositions.
[0004]
[Problems to be Solved by the Invention]
However, the solid content of sludge (sludge) collected by using the above means or method is discarded as it is as a dehydrated cake from which moisture has been further removed without any active use, or an incinerator or the like. In most cases, it was discarded as incinerated ash.
[0005]
Therefore, the value of the processed product (dehydrated cake and incinerated ash) obtained through each processing step while spending a considerable amount of money is hardly considered, and it can be said that it does not match the idea of resource saving.
[0006]
The present invention has been proposed in view of the above circumstances, and it is an object of the present invention to provide a sludge-treated product converted to a useful substance by adding a new value to the solid content in sludge, and a treatment method thereof. It is what.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention employs the following means. In addition, the “sludge” described below as an object to be treated to which the present invention is applied is a solid content containing nitrogen, phosphorus, etc. deposited on lakes, river bottoms and brackish water bottoms. In addition to the so-called “sludge” in a narrow sense formed by receiving the sewage, sludge produced by precipitation of the solids contained in each of the waste liquids in a settling tank of a sewage treatment plant or a waste liquid treatment facility is also included.
[0008]
That is, a sludge-treated product obtained by adding and mixing a predetermined amount of an inorganic extender containing at least a granulation accelerator to a dehydrated cake obtained by separating solids in sludge, and further An arbitrary amount of calcium composition can be added to the dehydrated cake. A mixture of cement, lime, sulfate, alkali metal composition and fly ash in a weight ratio of 18: 4.8: 4.95: 2.25: 70 is used as the above-mentioned predetermined amount of inorganic extender. Also good. The sludge treated product thus obtained is further dried and used as a granular fertilizer.
[0009]
The sludge treatment method for obtaining this sludge treatment product includes a dehydration treatment step of adding a sedimentation agent to sludge to obtain a dehydrated cake from which solid content has been separated, and an inorganic filler containing a granulation accelerator, A granulation step of adding and mixing a predetermined amount to the dehydrated cake is performed.
[0010]
As a specific substance of the above-mentioned inorganic extender, it is desirable to select at least one of various incineration ash, blast furnace slag, volcanic ash, and crushed stone powder, and (1) cement, (2) cement as the granulation accelerator. + Limes + sulfates, (3) limes + sulfates, (4) limes + sulfates + alkali metal compositions, (5) cement + limes + sulfates + alkali metal compositions, (6) cements It is desirable to add in a combination of + blast furnace slag + fly ash.
[0011]
[Action]
Since the recovered sludge contains a large amount of water, a pretreatment is performed to add a conventionally known settling agent to make the solid content more easily separated, and then to further remove water from the solid content, For example, dehydration (drying) is performed by a predetermined means such as a filter press or a screw type dehydrator, and the dehydration process is performed to obtain a dehydrated cake that is easy to process.
[0012]
In the present invention, a granulation step of adding and mixing a predetermined amount of an inorganic extender containing a granulation accelerator described later is performed on the dehydrated cake. The addition of the organic precipitating agent prior to the addition of the inorganic filler containing the granulation accelerator is not hindered in the present invention, and even if it partially remains in the granulation step. It has been confirmed that the action of the present invention is not inhibited.
[0013]
The amount of the inorganic extender containing the granulation accelerator added to the sludge cannot be clearly specified in the present invention because it is difficult to make the water content of the sludge constant. It is desirable to use this addition amount as a guide because good results are obtained with an addition amount of 10% by weight or more with respect to the minute.
[0014]
The inorganic extender is preferably at least one substance selected from the above-mentioned various incineration ash, blast furnace slag, volcanic ash, and crushed stone powder. Among them, various incineration ash can be defined as incineration ash of all industrial waste such as fly ash, waste incineration ash, and pulp incineration ash, which are incineration ash of coal, and waste from households. In addition, crushed stone powder is crushing and sizing of rocks collected from rough ore instead of natural sand and gravel as aggregates such as concrete, mortar, etc., which have been severely restricted in recent years from the viewpoint of environmental protection. For example, rock powder produced by shaping square rock into an optimal shape as a rounded aggregate, and recovered as a cake from dry powder or washing water from a dust collector of a crushed stone facility It is. In addition to this, fine powder generated when collecting limestone as a raw material for lime and cement is also included in this crushed stone powder.
[0015]
Any of the above substances can be obtained at a low cost, and at the same time, their use is scarce, so that the object of the present invention is further met.
Moreover, as granulation accelerators, cement sulfates, limes, sulfate metal salts such as aluminum sulfate, calcium compositions, etc. can be used in the title combination, and they can be dried by mixing in the sludge dehydrated cake. If it is, it will act as a granule.
[0016]
In particular, the granulation accelerator also serves to adjust the components of the sludge processed product that is finally produced as will be described later.
In this way, the sludge treated product that has undergone the granulation process can be discarded as it is, but the solid content of sludge is rich in nitrogen and phosphoric acid among nitrogen, phosphoric acid and potash. In addition, the potash content remaining with the inorganic filler containing the granulation accelerator is supplemented. In particular, the sludge-treated product to which an arbitrary amount of calcium composition is added becomes a fertilizer supplemented with calcium components, so that a fertilizer that effectively promotes the growth of plants can be obtained, and the sludge-treated product has a utility value as a fertilizer. Will be provided. In addition, although the fertilizer obtained in this way may be administered to a plant alone, it can also be used as a base agent that is prepared with a predetermined additive according to the vegetation of the plant to be administered.
[0017]
The calcium composition only needs to be a substance containing a large amount of calcium, and examples thereof include calcium sulfate, calcium carbonate, calcium oxide rich in calcium oxide, and bone powder. do not do.
[0018]
In addition to slaked lime and quicklime, limes can be substituted with blast furnace slag or fly ash containing abundant limes. Further, regarding the alkali metal composition, various sodium compounds such as soda ash, sodium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate, sodium sesquicarbonate, potassium bicarbonate and the like can be used.
[0019]
【Example】
Hereinafter, an embodiment according to the present invention will be described.
Table 1 shows the composition of the inorganic extender containing the granulation accelerator according to the present invention. Addition of the precipitating agent A to the sludge collected from the bottom of the Neyagawa River in Osaka Prefecture causes only the solids to settle and the excess moisture. separated. Further, the solid content was applied to a screw type dehydrator to obtain a dehydrated cake having a water content of about 30 % by weight. As the precipitating agent A, an example product related to the “water treatment agent” disclosed in Japanese Patent Application No. 63-158505 by the applicant of the present invention was used. Table 2 shows the composition.
[0020]
[Table 1]
[Table 2]
Furthermore, an inorganic filler and granulation accelerator having the same weight as the dehydrated cake were added to and mixed with the dehydrated cake, and further dried to obtain a granular sludge treatment product (hereinafter referred to as fertilizer B).
[0023]
The fertilizer B was mixed with soil in an approximately 8 volume pot transplanted with one strain of morning glory seedlings, and the degree of growth was observed. At the same time, as a comparative example, a flower pot (Comparative Example 2) prepared by mixing about 20 g of a fertilizer-free No. 8 flower pot (Comparative Example 1) and a commercially available chemical fertilizer (oil cake) was prepared.
[0024]
Table 3 shows the average number of “main leaves” and “main leaves” lengths of the morning glory in each potted plant after 14 days and 28 days after transplanting of morning glory seedlings. The result was as follows.
[0025]
As shown in Table 3, the morning glory strain to which the fertilizer B according to the present invention was administered grew significantly more than Comparative Examples 1 and 2, and a single flower was in bloom after 28 days.
Furthermore, during the test period, when observing the topsoil of the flower pots of each example, even when the topsoil of Comparative Examples 1 and 2 are both dry, the topsoil of the examples is moist and excellent in water retention. It was confirmed that
[0026]
[Table 3]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to regenerate sludge-treated products that lacked added value as fertilizer, so that it is possible to compensate for the cost conventionally required for sludge treatment. Further, since the sludge-treated product can be made granular, it can also be used as sand for civil engineering and construction. Of course, as usual, it is clear that it can be mixed and discarded as it is in the soil.
Claims (5)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP02679192A JP3739099B2 (en) | 1992-02-13 | 1992-02-13 | Processed sludge and sludge treatment method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP02679192A JP3739099B2 (en) | 1992-02-13 | 1992-02-13 | Processed sludge and sludge treatment method |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH05220498A JPH05220498A (en) | 1993-08-31 |
| JP3739099B2 true JP3739099B2 (en) | 2006-01-25 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP02679192A Expired - Lifetime JP3739099B2 (en) | 1992-02-13 | 1992-02-13 | Processed sludge and sludge treatment method |
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| Country | Link |
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| JP (1) | JP3739099B2 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR101182607B1 (en) | 2010-06-08 | 2012-09-12 | 주식회사 씨엠디기술단 | Dehydration material of sludge with high water containing rate and method of the same using |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2007013465A1 (en) * | 2005-07-29 | 2007-02-01 | The Chugoku Electric Power Co., Inc. | Method of the solidification of soft soil |
| JP5563177B1 (en) * | 2012-10-04 | 2014-07-30 | 中国電力株式会社 | Sludge reforming method |
| CN103304115B (en) * | 2013-06-17 | 2014-08-06 | 昆明理工大学 | Harmless treatment method for transforming copper sludge to arenolite |
-
1992
- 1992-02-13 JP JP02679192A patent/JP3739099B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR101182607B1 (en) | 2010-06-08 | 2012-09-12 | 주식회사 씨엠디기술단 | Dehydration material of sludge with high water containing rate and method of the same using |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH05220498A (en) | 1993-08-31 |
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