JP3735714B2 - Muscle spindle detection reagent and detection method - Google Patents

Muscle spindle detection reagent and detection method Download PDF

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Publication number
JP3735714B2
JP3735714B2 JP2002104675A JP2002104675A JP3735714B2 JP 3735714 B2 JP3735714 B2 JP 3735714B2 JP 2002104675 A JP2002104675 A JP 2002104675A JP 2002104675 A JP2002104675 A JP 2002104675A JP 3735714 B2 JP3735714 B2 JP 3735714B2
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muscle
protein
mdp77
muscle spindle
antibody
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JP2003302402A (en
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一浩 藤森
淳子 植田
隆久 田口
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National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology AIST
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、筋紡錘を特異的に認識するための抗体試薬及び筋紡錘の検出方法に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術及びその課題】
生体内あるいは生体外の生理活性物質に対する抗体はこれまでさまざまな目的で医療・研究などに用いられてきた。もっとも代表的なものは機能阻害抗体あるいは抗血清で、種々の有害生物の毒素を中和する目的で作製され・利用されてきた。一方、生物科学の分野では抗原−抗体反応の特異性が他の分子間相互作用に比べて非常に高いことから、特定の分子を生体内・組織内・あるいは試験管の中で同定するのに用いられている。
【0003】
筋紡錘は高等脊椎動物で特に発達した筋の中に埋め込まれている器官であり、錘内筋・筋知覚神経の末梢軸索終末、γ運動神経軸索終末、内外2枚の結合組織性鞘膜から構成される。この器官の機能は、筋の収縮を感知し、知覚神経を経由して脊髄へ伝達し、筋に無理が力がかかったときに筋の断裂を防ぐためのフィードバック装置である。筋紡錘はひとつの筋束にたかだか数十個しかなく、周囲の筋組織から組織化学的に筋紡錘を分離し、認識するのは非常に困難であり熟練を要する。
【0004】
本発明は、筋紡錘の検出を容易にするための技術を提供することを目的とする
【0005】
【課題を解決するための手段】
MDP77遺伝子のコードするタンパク質(以下、「MDP77タンパク質」)はそのアミノ酸配列から推定される分子量は77kDaで,SDS電気泳動におけるみかけの分子量は約110−120KDaである。該MDP77タンパク質は、配列番号1に示されるアミノ酸数676個からなり、その全配列は特開平11−147897号公報に記載されている。特開平11−147897号公報には、MDP77タンパク質が神経突起伸張活性を有するタンパク質であることが記載されている。
【0006】
本発明者は、MDP77タンパク質が骨格筋・心筋に特異的な発現が認められ、特に筋紡錘・錘内筋繊維(核袋線維・核鎖線維の両方)において非常に高い発現をしているという特徴をもつことを見出した。
【0007】
本発明は、以下の筋紡錘検出試薬及び筋紡錘検出方法に関する。
項1.筋紡錘に高発現される神経突起伸張活性を有するタンパク質に対する抗体を有効成分とする筋紡錘検出試薬。
項2.筋紡錘に高発現される神経突起伸張活性を有するタンパク質がMDP77タンパク質或いはその類縁体である項1に記載の試薬。
項3.筋紡錘に高発現される神経突起伸張活性を有するタンパク質に対する抗体を筋組織に作用させ、該タンパク質を検出することを特徴とする筋紡錘の検出方法。
項4.筋紡錘に高発現される神経突起伸張活性を有するタンパク質がMDP77タンパク質或いはその類縁体である項3に記載の方法。
【0008】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明において、抗体により検出される筋紡錘に高発現される神経突起伸張活性を有するタンパク質としては、例えばニワトリにおいてはMDP77タンパク質が挙げられるが、筋紡錘に高発現されている限り、これ以外の神経突起伸張活性を有するタンパク質も包含される。
【0009】
本明細書において、MDP77タンパク質とは、特開平11−147897号公報にその全配列が記載されているアミノ酸数676個のタンパク質である。該MDP77タンパク質は、ニワトリ由来のタンパク質である。
【0010】
MDP77タンパク質の類縁体とは、各動物、特に哺乳動物におけるニワトリのMDP77タンパク質に対応するタンパク質或いはそのアミノ酸配列の1個もしくは複数個が置換・付加・欠失されているが、神経突起伸張活性を保持しているタンパク質を意味する。
【0011】
本発明者は、以下の実施例に示されるように、MDP77抗体を用いたウェスタンブロッティングによりMDP77タンパク質を認識することを確認し、免疫組織化学法によりニワトリ脚筋中の筋紡錘錘内筋繊維を同定した。
【0012】
MDP77抗体(MDP77タンパク質又はその類縁体を認識し得る抗体)は、例えばMDP77タンパク質、或いはその抗原決定基を有する適当な長さのフラグメントをマウス、ウサギ、ラット等に注射する等の常法により、容易に作成することが出来る。抗体は、モノクローナル抗体、ポリクローナル抗体のいずれであってもよく、モノクローナル抗体がより好ましい。
【0013】
【実施例】
以下、本発明を実施例に基づきより詳細に説明する。
本発明の抗体の好ましい具体例を以下の(1)〜(8)および図1〜図6に示す。
(1)ウサギを免疫動物とする
(2)抗原はニワトリMDP77遺伝子によってコードされるN末1−143アミノ酸断片で、大腸菌により作製したリコンビナントタンパク質
(3)GST融合タンパクシステムを用いて精製し、ベクター由来のアミノ酸配列の持込を最小限にした
(4)免疫方法は精製リコンビナントタンパク質1mg以上を用い、静脈注射あるいは皮下注射にて数回に分けて行った
(5)ELISA法にてタイター12000−15000倍に達したところで全採血
(6)得られた抗血清は抗原として用いたリコンビナントタンパク質をシアノジンブロマイド(CNBr)活性化セファーロースカラムに結合させることで作製したアフィニティーカラムを用いて精製した
(7)ベクター由来のアミノ酸に対する抗体を取り除くために、インサートを持たないベクターのみを発現させたリコンビナントタンパク質をシアノジンブロマイド(CNBr)活性化セファロースカラムに結合させることで作製したアフィニティカラムを用いて精製した
(8)使用濃度は0.1〜0.3 ug/mlにて、免疫組織化学およびウェスタンブロッティングを行った。
【0014】
実施例1
実際に作製した抗MDP77抗体を用いてニワトリ胚およびヒヨコ脚筋においてウェスタンブロッティングと免疫組織化学を行った。生後9日目のヒヨコ脚筋あるいは胚齢4日目〜10日目のニワトリ胚を用いた。
【0015】
(ホモジネートの作製)ヒヨコあるいはニワトリ胚をダルベッコ燐酸緩衝液(PBS(−))にて数回洗浄し、血液を洗い落とした後、プロテアーゼインヒビターを加えたPBS(−)に組織を懸濁し、ポリトロンあるいはガラステフロンホモジナイザーで組織をホモジナイズした。
【0016】
(組織の固定)4%パラホルムアルデヒドを用いて還流固定した胚、あるいはヒヨコを30%ショトウ/PBS(−)溶液にて凍結保護を行った。この組織から凍結ミクロトームを用いて10−15μmの厚みの凍結切片を作製した。
【0017】
(ウエスタンブロッティング)上記ホモジネートを用いて10%SDS電気泳動を行い、セミドライブロッティング装置を用いて、分離したタンパク質をPROTRANニトロセルロース膜に転写した。抗MDP77抗体0.2マイクログラム/mlを用いて、ウェスタンブロッティングを行った。2次抗体として抗ウサギIgG−HRPを用いて、発色はイムノスター(和光純薬)を用いて化学発光を行い、X線フィルムを感光させた。ウェスタンブロッティングの結果を図1に示す。
【0018】
(免疫組織化学)抗MDP77抗体0.2マイクログラム/mlを用いて、上記の凍結組織切片に含まれるMDP77タンパク質を検出した。ABC法により増感し、発色はNi−DAB法により青黒色の不溶性金属錯体を形成させシグナルを可視化した。結果を図4及び図5に示す。
【0019】
【発明の効果】
本発明は、筋紡錘において高レベルで発現しているMDP77タンパク質を指標とし、その抗体あるいは抗血清を用いることで、筋組織から筋紡錘を「容易に同定・認識・識別するための技術」を提供することを目的とする。これによって発生上の筋紡錘の形成異常や、老化・ウィルス感染・毒物等により引きおこされる筋紡錘の退縮・欠落を診断するのに用いることを可能とする技術を提供することができる。
【0020】
本発明によればニワトリ筋中の筋紡錘を組織中にて容易に同定・認識できる
【0021】
【配列表】
配列番号:1
配列の長さ:676
配列の型:タンパク質
トポロジー:直鎖状
【0022】
【配列表】

Figure 0003735714
Figure 0003735714
Figure 0003735714

【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】ウェスタンブロッティングの結果を示す。a:生後5日目ヒヨコ脚筋ホモジネート、b:同心臓ホモジネート
抗MDP抗体はMDP77を特異的に認識することが分かる。
【図2】生後9日目ヒヨコ前脛骨筋長軸切片の組織像(無染色)を示す。
筋組織中の筋紡錘を見つけることは困難である。
【図3】同、横断切片像(無染色)を示す。
筋組織中の筋紡錘を見つけることは困難である。
【図4】生後9日目ヒヨコ前脛骨筋長軸切片の抗MDP77抗体を用いた免疫組織化学像を示す。
抗MDP抗体はヒヨコ脚筋中の筋紡錘・錘内筋(矢印)に高度に発現しているため容易に筋紡錘を識別できる。
【図5】同、横断切片の抗MDP77抗体を用いた免疫組織化学像を示す。
抗MDP抗体はヒヨコ脚筋中の筋紡錘・錘内筋(矢頭)に高度に発現しているため容易に筋紡錘を識別できる。本図においては4つの筋紡錘が認められる。
【図6】筋紡錘の拡大図
Nb:核袋線維、Nc:核鎖線維の両方ともMDP77抗体を用いた免疫組織化学法によって識別できる。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an antibody reagent for specifically recognizing muscle spindles and a method for detecting muscle spindles.
[0002]
[Prior art and problems]
Antibodies against physiologically active substances in vivo or in vitro have been used for medical and research purposes for various purposes. The most representative ones are function-inhibiting antibodies or antisera, which have been produced and used for the purpose of neutralizing various pest toxins. On the other hand, in the field of biological science, the specificity of antigen-antibody reaction is very high compared to other intermolecular interactions, so it is necessary to identify specific molecules in vivo, in tissues, or in test tubes. It is used.
[0003]
Muscle spindles are organs embedded in muscles that have been developed especially in higher vertebrates. The peripheral axon terminals of intramuscular muscles and muscle sensory nerves, the gamma motor nerve axon terminals, and the inner and outer connective tissue sheaths. Consists of a membrane. The function of this organ is a feedback device that senses muscle contraction and transmits it to the spinal cord via sensory nerves to prevent muscle rupture when force is applied to the muscle. There are only tens of muscle spindles in one muscle bundle, and it is very difficult to separate and recognize the muscle spindles from surrounding muscle tissues and require skill.
[0004]
An object of the present invention is to provide a technique for facilitating detection of muscle spindles.
[Means for Solving the Problems]
A protein encoded by the MDP77 gene (hereinafter, “MDP77 protein”) has a molecular weight estimated from its amino acid sequence of 77 kDa, and an apparent molecular weight of about 110 to 120 KDa in SDS electrophoresis. The MDP77 protein consists of 676 amino acids shown in SEQ ID NO: 1, and the entire sequence is described in JP-A-11-147897. JP-A-11-147897 describes that the MDP77 protein is a protein having neurite outgrowth activity.
[0006]
The present inventor has found that MDP77 protein is specifically expressed in skeletal muscle and myocardium, and is particularly highly expressed in muscle spindles and intramuscular fibers (both nuclear bladder fibers and nucleus chain fibers). It was found that it has characteristics.
[0007]
The present invention relates to the following muscle spindle detection reagent and muscle spindle detection method.
Item 1. A muscle spindle detection reagent comprising, as an active ingredient, an antibody against a protein having a neurite outgrowth activity highly expressed in a muscle spindle.
Item 2. Item 2. The reagent according to Item 1, wherein the protein having a neurite outgrowth activity highly expressed in the muscle spindle is MDP77 protein or an analog thereof.
Item 3. A method for detecting a muscle spindle, comprising: causing an antibody against a protein having a neurite outgrowth activity highly expressed in a muscle spindle to act on muscle tissue and detecting the protein.
Item 4. Item 4. The method according to Item 3, wherein the protein having neurite outgrowth activity highly expressed in the muscle spindle is MDP77 protein or an analog thereof.
[0008]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
In the present invention, the protein having neurite outgrowth activity that is highly expressed in the muscle spindle detected by the antibody includes, for example, MDP77 protein in chickens, but as long as it is highly expressed in the muscle spindle, Also included are proteins having neurite outgrowth activity.
[0009]
In the present specification, the MDP77 protein is a protein having 676 amino acids whose entire sequence is described in JP-A-11-147897. The MDP77 protein is a chicken-derived protein.
[0010]
An analog of MDP77 protein is a protein corresponding to chicken MDP77 protein in each animal, particularly a mammal, or one or more of its amino acid sequences are substituted, added, or deleted. It means the retained protein.
[0011]
The present inventor confirmed that the MDP77 protein was recognized by Western blotting using the MDP77 antibody, as shown in the following Examples, and the muscle spindle inner muscle fiber in the chicken leg muscle was determined by immunohistochemistry. Identified.
[0012]
MDP77 antibody (an antibody capable of recognizing MDP77 protein or an analog thereof) is obtained by a conventional method such as injecting a fragment of MDP77 protein or an appropriate length having an antigenic determinant thereof into a mouse, rabbit, rat or the like. It can be created easily. The antibody may be either a monoclonal antibody or a polyclonal antibody, and more preferably a monoclonal antibody.
[0013]
【Example】
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail based on examples.
Preferred specific examples of the antibody of the present invention are shown in the following (1) to (8) and FIGS.
(1) Rabbit immunized animal (2) Antigen is N-terminal 1-143 amino acid fragment encoded by chicken MDP77 gene, purified using recombinant protein (3) GST fusion protein system prepared by E. coli, vector (4) Immunization was carried out using 1 mg or more of purified recombinant protein and divided into several times by intravenous injection or subcutaneous injection. (5) Titer 12000- by ELISA method. The antiserum obtained from the whole blood collection (6) when reaching 15000-fold was purified using an affinity column prepared by binding the recombinant protein used as an antigen to a cyanidine bromide (CNBr) activated sepharose column ( 7) Remove antibodies against amino acids from vectors For this purpose, purification was performed using an affinity column prepared by binding a recombinant protein expressing only a vector having no insert to a cyanazine bromide (CNBr) activated sepharose column. (8) The concentration used was 0.1 to 0.3 ug. Immunohistochemistry and Western blotting were performed at / ml.
[0014]
Example 1
Western blotting and immunohistochemistry were performed on chicken embryos and chick leg muscles using the actually produced anti-MDP77 antibody. Chick leg muscles on the 9th day after birth or chicken embryos on the 4th to 10th day of embryonic age were used.
[0015]
(Production of homogenate) Chick or chick embryos were washed several times with Dulbecco's phosphate buffer (PBS (-)), blood was washed off, and the tissue was suspended in PBS (-) to which protease inhibitors were added. The tissue was homogenized with a glass Teflon homogenizer.
[0016]
(Tissue Fixation) Embryos or chicks fixed by refluxing with 4% paraformaldehyde or chicks were cryoprotected with a 30% shot / PBS (−) solution. A frozen section having a thickness of 10-15 μm was prepared from this tissue using a freezing microtome.
[0017]
(Western blotting) 10% SDS electrophoresis was performed using the above homogenate, and the separated protein was transferred to a PROTRAN nitrocellulose membrane using a semi-dry blotting apparatus. Western blotting was performed using 0.2 microgram / ml of anti-MDP77 antibody. Anti-rabbit IgG-HRP was used as a secondary antibody, and color development was performed by chemiluminescence using immunostar (Wako Pure Chemical Industries) to expose the X-ray film. The result of Western blotting is shown in FIG.
[0018]
(Immunohistochemistry) MDP77 protein contained in the frozen tissue section was detected using 0.2 microgram / ml of anti-MDP77 antibody. Sensitization was performed by the ABC method, and the color was visualized by forming a blue-black insoluble metal complex by the Ni-DAB method. The results are shown in FIGS.
[0019]
【The invention's effect】
The present invention uses an MDP77 protein expressed at a high level in a muscle spindle as an index, and uses its antibody or antiserum to provide a “technology for easily identifying, recognizing and discriminating a muscle spindle from muscle tissue”. The purpose is to provide. As a result, it is possible to provide a technique that can be used for diagnosing abnormal muscle spindle formation abnormally, and retraction / missing of the muscle spindle caused by aging, virus infection, poison, or the like.
[0020]
According to the present invention, the muscle spindle in the chicken muscle can be easily identified and recognized in the tissue.
[Sequence Listing]
SEQ ID NO: 1
Sequence length: 676
Sequence type: Protein topology: Linear
[Sequence Listing]
Figure 0003735714
Figure 0003735714
Figure 0003735714

[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 shows the results of Western blotting. It can be seen that a: chick leg muscle homogenate on day 5 after birth, b: same heart homogenate anti-MDP antibody specifically recognizes MDP77.
FIG. 2 shows a histological image (non-stained) of a long-axis section of the chick anterior tibial muscle at 9 days after birth.
Finding muscle spindles in muscle tissue is difficult.
FIG. 3 shows a transverse section image (unstained).
Finding muscle spindles in muscle tissue is difficult.
FIG. 4 shows an immunohistochemical image of a 9-day-old chick anterior tibial long axis using anti-MDP77 antibody.
The anti-MDP antibody is highly expressed in the muscle spindle and intramuscular muscle (arrow) in the chick leg muscle, so that the muscle spindle can be easily identified.
FIG. 5 shows an immunohistochemical image of the cross section using an anti-MDP77 antibody.
The anti-MDP antibody is highly expressed in the muscle spindle and intramuscular muscle (arrowhead) in the chick leg muscle, so that the muscle spindle can be easily identified. In the figure, four muscle spindles are recognized.
FIG. 6 is an enlarged view of the muscle spindle.
Both Nb: nuclear bladder fibers and Nc: nuclear chain fibers can be distinguished by immunohistochemistry using MDP77 antibody.

Claims (2)

筋紡錘に高発現される神経突起伸張活性を有するタンパク質に対する抗体を有効成分とする筋紡錘検出試薬であって、筋紡錘に高発現される神経突起伸張活性を有するタンパク質がMDP77タンパク質である筋紡錘検出試薬。A muscle spindle detection reagent comprising as an active ingredient an antibody against a protein having a neurite extension activity highly expressed in a muscle spindle, wherein the protein having a neurite extension activity highly expressed in a muscle spindle is an MDP77 protein Detection reagent. 筋紡錘に高発現される神経突起伸張活性を有するタンパク質に対する抗体を筋組織に作用させ、該タンパク質を検出することを特徴とする筋紡錘の検出方法であって、筋紡錘に高発現される神経突起伸張活性を有するタンパク質がMDP77タンパクである筋紡錘の検出方法。A method for detecting a muscle spindle, characterized by causing an antibody against a protein having a neurite outgrowth activity highly expressed in a muscle spindle to act on muscle tissue and detecting the protein, wherein the nerve is highly expressed in a muscle spindle A method for detecting a muscle spindle, wherein the protein having process elongation activity is MDP77 protein.
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