JP3731206B2 - Copper ion generator and water purification device using the same - Google Patents
Copper ion generator and water purification device using the same Download PDFInfo
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本発明は，安全な水道水の供給源となる河川・湖沼等の水質悪化の主な原因となる藻類の発生を抑制・殺藻する銅イオンを拡散・散布する，銅イオン発生器とそれを用いる水浄化装置に関する。 The present invention relates to a copper ion generator that diffuses and disperses copper ions that suppress and kill algae, which are the main causes of water quality deterioration in rivers and lakes, which are safe water supply sources. It is related with the water purification apparatus to be used.
従来の銅イオンの発生装置は，銅イオン溶出陽極及び溶出陰極からなる，一対の平行・平板長方形電極からなる対電極セットを複数用いるのが主流であり，循環水路中の筒体の長手方向に，該対電極セットを配設して，循環利用する循環水に所要濃度の銅イオンを溶出せしめ，混在する微生物や藻類の殺菌殺藻を図る，銅イオンによる水の殺菌殺藻方法及びその装置があった。 Conventional copper ion generators mainly use multiple counter electrode sets consisting of a pair of parallel and flat rectangular electrodes, consisting of a copper ion elution anode and an elution cathode, in the longitudinal direction of the cylinder in the circulation channel. , Disposing the counter electrode set, eluting copper ions of a required concentration in circulating water to be circulated, and sterilizing and killing mixed microorganisms and algae, and sterilizing and killing water with copper ions and apparatus thereof was there.
しかし，上記の銅イオンの発生装置は，電極間距離：ｄを有する一対の平行・平板長方形電極からなる対電極セットを複数用いるので，これらを保持する筒体の長手方向に直角な断面において，隣接する対電極セット間の距離は，電場の互いの干渉を避けるために，該電極間距離：ｄよりも大きく採る必要があるので，該対電極セットが占める，複数個の一対の電極断面の占有率が増加し，嵩張る欠点があった。
しかし，従来の水処理装置は，上記のように，トリハロメタンを分解する作用を持ち，水質を弱アルカリ性にする作用をも有する，水処理装置を水処理対象水域に浮かせ，かつ該水処理装置を移動させることにより，水質改善がなされる水処理方法および水処理装置はあったが，しかし河川・湖沼等の水質悪化の主な原因となる，藻類の発生抑制・殺藻する銅イオンを拡散・散布する，銅イオン発生器を用いる水浄化装置はなかった。
解決しようとする問題点は，銅イオン発生器において，複数個の電極セットが，電極長手方向断面に占める，電極断面の占有率を低減させ，嵩張らない，コンパクトな該銅イオン発生器を提供する点である。 A problem to be solved is to provide a compact copper ion generator in which a plurality of electrode sets occupy the electrode longitudinal section, reduce the occupation ratio of the electrode section, and are not bulky. Is a point.
解決しようとする問題点は，銅イオン発生器を用いる水浄化装置において，該水浄化装置を水処理対象水域に浮かせ，かつ該水浄化装置を移動させることにより，河川・湖沼等の水質悪化の主な原因となる，藻類の発生抑制・殺藻する銅イオンを拡散・散布する，銅イオン発生器とそれを用いる水浄化装置を提供する点である。 The problem to be solved is that, in a water purification apparatus using a copper ion generator, the water purification apparatus is floated in the water treatment target water area, and the water purification apparatus is moved so that the water quality of rivers, lakes and marshes is deteriorated. The main cause is to provide a copper ion generator and a water purification device using the copper ion generator, which diffuses and spreads copper ions that suppress the generation and algae of algae.
本発明の銅イオン発生器は，それぞれの電極間距離：ｄを有する平行・平板な三枚の銅製電極を水中に立設し，一組の電極セットとし，電極部は，複数の該電極セットから構成し，該電極セットの極性電位は，三枚の該電極の中央電極を中央電極電位とし，両隣接電極を等電位に接続し, 隣接電極電位とし，該中央電極電位と隣接電極電位とを，該水中で電気分解を行わせる両極性電位とすることを最も主要な特徴とする。 In the copper ion generator of the present invention, three parallel and flat copper electrodes each having a distance between electrodes: d are erected in water to form a set of electrodes, and the electrode section includes a plurality of electrode sets. The polarity potential of the electrode set is such that the center electrode of the three electrodes is the center electrode potential, both adjacent electrodes are connected to the same potential, and the adjacent electrode potentials are obtained. Is a bipolar potential that causes electrolysis in the water.
本発明の銅イオン発生器は，直流電圧源から，制御部を介して，電極部の各両極性電位に対応する所定の陽極・負極へ所定の電力調整分配手段を用いて印加すると共に，さらに所定の時間毎に，該各両極性電位への極性切替えを制御する事も出来る。 The copper ion generator of the present invention applies a predetermined power adjustment distribution means from a DC voltage source to a predetermined anode / negative electrode corresponding to each bipolar potential of the electrode section through a control section, and further, It is also possible to control polarity switching to each bipolar potential at a predetermined time.
本発明の銅イオン発生器を用いる水浄化装置は，安全な水道水の供給源となる所望の河川・湖沼等の水域を無人遠隔自動航行制御可能な操舵・推進手段を有する船体に装備した，銅イオン発生器及びその付随設備とを含む船上装置と，該船体の航行及び該船上装置を陸上から監視制御する機能を有する陸上監視制御装置とからなり，該船上装置と, 該船体の操舵・推進手段とに要する電力が，該船体に具備した太陽光発電手段から給電することとし，そして所望水域の銅イオン拡散濃度を所定の範囲に調整することを最も主要な特徴とする。 The water purification apparatus using the copper ion generator of the present invention is equipped with a hull having a steering / propulsion means capable of unattended remote automatic navigation control in a desired water area such as a river or lake that is a safe water supply source. An onboard device including a copper ion generator and its associated equipment, and a land monitoring and control device having functions of navigating the hull and monitoring and controlling the onboard device from the land. The main feature is that the electric power required for the propulsion means is supplied from the solar power generation means provided in the hull, and the copper ion diffusion concentration in the desired water area is adjusted to a predetermined range.
本発明の銅イオン発生器は，それぞれの電極間距離：ｄを有する平行・平板な三枚の電極を水中に立設し，一組の電極セットとするので，この一組の電極セットは，従来の銅イオンの発生装置における，四枚の電極からなる二個の対電極セットと，同じ性能に対応し，従って，本発明の銅イオン発生器は，従来の銅イオンの発生装置にくらべ，本発明の一組の電極セットに対し，一枚の電極を節約できるので，複数個の電極セットが，電極長手方向断面に占める，電極断面の占有率を低減でき，嵩張らず，コンパクトのみならず，低コストの該銅イオン発生器を提供する利点がある。 In the copper ion generator of the present invention, three parallel and flat electrodes each having a distance between electrodes: d are erected in water to form a set of electrodes. The conventional copper ion generator corresponds to the same performance as the two counter electrode sets consisting of four electrodes. Therefore, the copper ion generator of the present invention is compared with the conventional copper ion generator, Since one electrode can be saved with respect to one set of electrode sets of the present invention, a plurality of electrode sets can occupy an electrode cross section in the longitudinal direction of the electrode and can reduce the occupation ratio of the electrode cross section. There is an advantage of providing the copper ion generator at a low cost.
本発明の銅イオン発生器は，所定の時間毎に，各両極性電位への極性切替えをも制御できるので，銅イオンを発生させる陽極電極に，水酸化銅化合物の堆積を抑制し，銅イオン発生量に比例する電流値の低減を抑制する利点と共に，三枚の電極からなる電極セットの銅材料の溶出欠損の均等化をはかれる利点もある。 Since the copper ion generator of the present invention can also control the polarity switching to each bipolar potential at a predetermined time, it suppresses the deposition of a copper hydroxide compound on the anode electrode for generating copper ions, In addition to the advantage of suppressing the reduction of the current value proportional to the amount of generation, there is also the advantage of equalizing the elution defects of the copper material of the electrode set consisting of three electrodes.
本発明の銅イオン発生器を用いる水浄化装置は，安全な水道水の供給源となる所望の河川・湖沼等の水域を無人遠隔自動航行制御可能な操舵・推進手段を有する船体に装備した，銅イオン発生器を用いることができるので，該水域の水質変化や気象の影響などで予期せぬ事態，例えばアオコと呼ばれる，らん藻類の異常発生による異臭味障害や，珪藻類の増殖による浄水場の緩速ろ過障害など植物プランクトンによる水質悪化等へ，環境ストレスの軽減に配慮しつつ，迅速で効果的な応急対策を図ることができる利点がある。 The water purification apparatus using the copper ion generator of the present invention is equipped with a hull having a steering / propulsion means capable of unattended remote automatic navigation control in a desired water area such as a river or lake that is a safe water supply source. Because copper ion generators can be used, unforeseen circumstances due to changes in the water quality of the water area or the influence of the weather, such as a sea urchin, abnormal odor due to abnormal occurrence of seaweeds, and water purification plants due to the growth of diatoms There is an advantage that quick and effective emergency measures can be taken while considering the reduction of environmental stress, such as deterioration of water quality caused by phytoplankton, such as slow filtration problems.
本発明の銅イオン発生器を用いる水浄化装置は，太陽光発電手段の運用と，藻類の発生が同期していることから，銅イオン発生器を含む船上装置と, 船体の操舵・推進手段とに要する電力が，具備した該太陽光発電手段から給電するだけで，外部からの給電を要しない省エネルギー化の利点があると共に，無人遠隔自動航行制御によるコスト削減・省力化にも寄与する利点がある。 The water purification device using the copper ion generator of the present invention is synchronized with the operation of the solar power generation means and the generation of algae, so that the onboard device including the copper ion generator, the steering and propulsion means of the hull, There is an advantage of energy saving that does not require external power supply by supplying power from the solar power generation means provided, and also contributes to cost reduction and labor saving by unattended remote automatic navigation control. is there.
本発明の銅イオン発生器を用いる水浄化装置は，銅イオン発生器の複数の各電極セットの電極面が, 船体の進行方向と水中で平行になるように設置することにより，舵機能を付与できる利点がある。 The water purification apparatus using the copper ion generator of the present invention provides a rudder function by installing the electrode surfaces of each of the plurality of electrode sets of the copper ion generator so that they are parallel to the traveling direction of the hull. There are advantages you can do.
本発明の銅イオン発生器を用いる水浄化装置は，所望水域へ無人航行させ，藻類の発生抑制・殺藻に必要な銅イオン拡散濃度＝ＤCUを，該銅イオン発生器の電力調整分配手段を用いて，銅イオンの発生量を調整することもできる利点を有すると共に，或いは所定の水域条件下に対応して，航行方向・速度（Ｖｓ）の自動制御により，該銅イオン拡散濃度を必要な所定の範囲に調整することもできる利点がある。 The water purification apparatus using the copper ion generator of the present invention unmanned navigation to a desired water area, and the copper ion diffusion concentration = D CU necessary for the suppression of algae generation and algae killing is calculated. Has the advantage that the amount of copper ions generated can be adjusted, or the copper ion diffusion concentration is required by automatic control of the navigation direction and speed (Vs) corresponding to the predetermined water condition. There is an advantage that it can be adjusted to a predetermined range.
本発明の銅イオン発生器は，河川・湖沼等の水中に発生し，その水質悪化の主な原因となる藻類の発生抑制・殺藻するために，該水中に銅イオンを拡散・散布することを目的とする電極部から成り，平行・平板な三枚の銅製電極を該水中に立設し，一組の電極セットとし，該電極部は，複数の該電極セットから構成し，該電極セットの極性電位は，三枚の該電極の中央電極を中央電極電位とし，両隣接電極を等電位に接続し, 隣接電極電位とし，該中央電極電位と隣接電極電位とを，該水中で電気分解を行わせる両極性電位とし，蓄電池等の直流電圧源から，制御部を介して，該電極部の各両極性電位に対応する所定の陽極・負極へ所定の電力調整分配手段を用いて印加し，陽極電位接続の各電極から銅イオンを発生させる事を特徴とする。 The copper ion generator of the present invention is generated in water of rivers, lakes and marshes, and diffuses and disperses copper ions in the water in order to suppress and kill algae which are the main cause of the deterioration of water quality. The electrode portion is composed of three parallel and flat copper electrodes standing in the water to form a set of electrodes, and the electrode portion is composed of a plurality of the electrode sets. The polar potential of the three electrodes is the center electrode potential of the three electrodes, the adjacent electrodes are connected to the same potential, and the adjacent electrode potential is obtained. The center electrode potential and the adjacent electrode potential are electrolyzed in the water. The voltage is applied from a DC voltage source such as a storage battery to a predetermined anode / negative electrode corresponding to each bipolar potential of the electrode section using a predetermined power adjusting / distributing means. , Copper ions are generated from each electrode connected to the anode potential.
本発明の銅イオン発生器は，制御部が，電極部の各両極性電位へ所定の電力調整分配手段を用いて印加すると共に，さらに所定の時間毎に，該各両極性電位への極性切替えを制御する事も出来る。 In the copper ion generator of the present invention, the control unit applies each bipolar potential of the electrode unit using predetermined power adjustment distribution means, and further switches the polarity to each bipolar potential every predetermined time. Can also be controlled.
本発明の銅イオン発生器において，制御部の電力調整分配手段とは，通電使用する電極セットの数を，複数段階で切り換えて，電流値を調整し，銅イオンの発生量を調整する事も出来る。 In the copper ion generator of the present invention, the power adjustment / distribution means of the control unit means that the number of electrode sets to be energized is switched in a plurality of stages, the current value is adjusted, and the amount of copper ions generated is adjusted. I can do it.
本発明の銅イオン発生器において，制御部の電力調整分配手段とは，電極部の各両極性電位へ所定の電力を用いて印加する電圧，或いは電流を制御し，銅イオンの発生量を調整する事も出来る。 In the copper ion generator of the present invention, the power adjustment / distribution means of the control unit adjusts the amount of copper ions generated by controlling the voltage or current applied to each bipolar potential of the electrode unit with a predetermined power. You can also do it.
本発明の銅イオン発生器において，電極セットに用いる三枚の電極の各先端部は，絶縁物である先端保持部材により，水中でそれぞれ電極間距離：ｄを保ち平行に保持し，水面上の各三枚の該電極は，絶縁物である電極保持部材により，ケーシング内部に保持する事も出来る。 In the copper ion generator of the present invention, the tip portions of the three electrodes used in the electrode set are held in parallel by maintaining a distance d between the electrodes in water by a tip holding member that is an insulator. Each of the three electrodes can be held inside the casing by an electrode holding member that is an insulator.
本発明の銅イオン発生器を用いる水浄化装置は，所望の河川・湖沼等の水域を無人遠隔自動航行制御可能な操舵・推進手段を有する船体に装備した，銅イオン発生器及びその付随設備とを含む船上装置と，該船体の航行及び該船上装置を陸上から監視制御する機能を有する陸上監視制御装置とからなり，該船上装置と, 該船体の操舵・推進手段とに要する電力が，該船体に具備した太陽光発電手段から給電することとし，該船上装置は，船上主制御手段を有し, 該銅イオン発生器, 太陽光発電手段, 操舵・推進手段を制御するだけでなく，該船体の位置確認手段と, 少なくとも航行に要する風向・風速計等の測定手段とを持ち, さらに船上送受信手段を装備し, そして該陸上監視制御装置から, 該船上送受信手段を介して, 該船上装置を監視制御し，該船体を所望水域に所定の航行方向・速度で自動運航させることにより，所望水域の銅イオン拡散濃度を所定の範囲に調整し, 水質悪化の主な原因となる，藻類の発生抑制・殺藻を行う事を特徴とする。 A water purification apparatus using a copper ion generator according to the present invention comprises a copper ion generator and its associated equipment equipped with a hull having a steering / propulsion means capable of unmanned remote automatic navigation control in a water area such as a desired river or lake. And an on-shore monitoring and control device having a function of monitoring and controlling the navigation of the hull and the on-board device from the land, and the power required for the on-board device and the steering and propulsion means of the hull is Power is supplied from the solar power generation means provided on the hull, and the onboard device has onboard main control means, which not only controls the copper ion generator, solar power generation means, steering / propulsion means, but also It has hull position confirmation means and at least measuring means such as an anemometer and anemometer required for navigation, and is further equipped with on-board transmission / reception means. Monitor and control By automatically maneuvering the hull to the desired water area in the specified navigation direction and speed, the copper ion diffusion concentration in the desired water area is adjusted to the specified range, and the generation of algae, which is the main cause of water quality deterioration, is reduced. It is characterized by performing.
本発明の銅イオン発生器を用いる水浄化装置を装備する船体は，該船体の進行方向である長手方向の両側に浮体を有する双胴船型を採用することもでき，両該浮体の間に, 銅イオン発生器の各電極セットの電極面が, 該浮体と平行になるように, 該銅イオン発生器を設置し，太陽光発電手段のソーラパネルを，断面が屋根型に装備し，そして該船体の後部中央に，操舵・推進手段を設置し，更に他の付随設備を含む船上装置を装備し，そして該船体の両浮体先端部から進行方向に突出する船首枠部材を設け，該船首枠部材から所定の水面下まで防護網を設け，航行水域に浮遊するゴミ等の夾雑物を取り除き，該銅イオン発生器の電極等を保護する事も出来る。 The hull equipped with the water purification apparatus using the copper ion generator of the present invention can adopt a catamaran type having floating bodies on both sides in the longitudinal direction which is the traveling direction of the hull, and between the floating bodies, The copper ion generator is installed so that the electrode surface of each electrode set of the copper ion generator is parallel to the floating body, the solar panel of the solar power generation means is installed in a roof shape, and the A steering / propulsion means is installed in the center of the rear part of the hull, equipped with an onboard device including other ancillary equipment, and provided with a bow frame member projecting in the direction of travel from both floating body tip portions of the hull. It is also possible to provide a protective net from the member to a predetermined underwater surface, remove foreign matters such as dust floating in the navigational water area, and protect the electrodes of the copper ion generator.
本発明の銅イオン発生器を用いる水浄化装置において，船上装置の測定手段として，航行水域の銅イオンを測定する銅イオン測定手段を用いる事も出来る。 In the water purification apparatus using the copper ion generator of the present invention, a copper ion measuring means for measuring copper ions in the navigational water area can be used as the measuring means for the onboard device.
本発明の銅イオン発生器を用いる水浄化装置において，船上装置の太陽光発電手段として，所定の総面積を有するソーラパネルを用い, 充電制御部を介して，直流電圧源としての蓄電池に充電する事も出来る。 In the water purification apparatus using the copper ion generator of the present invention, a solar panel having a predetermined total area is used as a solar power generation means of the onboard apparatus, and a storage battery as a DC voltage source is charged through a charging control unit. You can also do things.
本発明の銅イオン発生器を用いる水浄化装置において，船上装置の操舵・推進手段として，スクリューを有する操舵付き該操舵・推進手段を採用することもでき，更に銅イオン発生器の複数の各電極セットの電極面が, 船体の進行方向と水中で平行になるように設置することにより，舵機能を付与する事も出来る。 In the water purification apparatus using the copper ion generator of the present invention, the steering / propulsion means with steering having a screw can be adopted as the steering / propulsion means of the onboard device, and a plurality of electrodes of the copper ion generator can be used. A rudder function can be provided by installing the electrode surface of the set so that it is parallel to the direction of travel of the hull.
本発明の銅イオン発生器を用いる水浄化装置において，船上装置の位置確認手段として，ジャイロコンパス，磁気方位測定手段，そして全地球測位システム （ＧＰＳ）等を用いることもでき，現在位置と方位とを，所定の時間間隔で，陸 上監視制御装置が確保し，目標位置との比較演算により，操舵角を算出し，該船 上装置のシーケンサ等からなる船上主制御手段へ指示送信し，操舵・推進手段を 制御する事も出来る。 In the water purification apparatus using the copper ion generator of the present invention, a gyrocompass, a magnetic orientation measuring means, a global positioning system (GPS), etc. can be used as a position confirmation means of the onboard device. Is obtained by the on-shore monitoring and control device at predetermined time intervals, the steering angle is calculated by comparison with the target position, the instruction is transmitted to the shipboard main control means including the sequencer of the onboard device, and the steering is・ Propulsion means can be controlled.
本発明の銅イオン発生器を用いる水浄化装置において，船上装置の測定手段として，所定の検出距離を有する障害物検知測定器を用いることもでき, 船体の船 首枠部材近傍に複数の該障害物検知測定器を取り付け，障害物を検出すると，船 上主制御手段を介して，操舵・推進手段を制御して，自動運航を停止し，そして 陸上監視制御装置からの手動航行に切り換えるようにする事も出来る。 In the water purification apparatus using the copper ion generator of the present invention, an obstacle detection measuring instrument having a predetermined detection distance can also be used as the measuring means of the onboard device, and a plurality of the obstacles are provided near the bow frame member of the hull. When an object detector is installed and an obstacle is detected, the steering and propulsion means are controlled via the shipboard main control means to stop the automatic operation and switch to manual navigation from the land monitoring and control device. You can also do it.
本発明の銅イオン発生器を用いる水浄化装置において，銅イオン発生器の銅イオン発生量と，所望水域の銅イオン拡散濃度とによる水浄化処理性能は，各種の条件下で評価でき，航行速度：Ｖｓで，電極セットの配列総数で定まる銅イオン散布幅：Ｗｄにより，散布面積＝Ｓｔ＝ＶｓｘＷｄの水域における, 水深：Ｂの水量＝Ｑ＝Ｓｔ X Ｂに対し, 銅イオン発生総量：ＩCUとすれば，該水域における銅イオン拡散濃度＝ＤCU= ＩCU/ Ｑとなるので，この様にして，該水浄化装置を所望水域へ無人航行させ，藻類の発生抑制・殺藻に必要な銅イオン濃度を，所定の水域条件下に対応して，航行方向・速度（Ｖｓ）の自動制御により，水中の銅イオン拡散濃度＝ＤCUを, 藻類の発生抑制・殺藻に必要な所定の範囲≧0.1 mg/Lに調整する事も出来る。 In the water purification apparatus using the copper ion generator of the present invention, the water purification treatment performance based on the copper ion generation amount of the copper ion generator and the copper ion diffusion concentration in the desired water area can be evaluated under various conditions. : Vs, the copper ion distribution width determined by the total number of electrode sets arranged: Vd, in the water area of application area = St = VsxWd, water depth: B water quantity = Q = St X B, the total amount of copper ions generated: I CU Then, since the copper ion diffusion concentration in the water area = D CU = I CU / Q, in this way, the water purification device is unmanned to the desired water area, and it is necessary for the suppression of algae generation and algicide. the copper ion concentration, corresponding to a predetermined water conditions, the automatic control of sailing direction and speed (Vs), the water of the copper ion diffusion concentration = D CU, predetermined required algae generation inhibiting and algicidal The range can be adjusted to ≧ 0.1 mg / L.
本発明の銅イオン発生器を用いる水浄化装置において，陸上監視制御装置は，パーソナル計算機等からなる陸上主制御手段と，船上送受信手段の信号を送受信する陸上送受信手段とから構成することもでき, 該陸上主制御手段は，中央処理ユニット(CPU),入出力装置, メモリ, 監視画面表示装置等の周辺装置を有し, 幾つかの航行パターン設定や，航行経路の画面表示等の機能を含め, 自動航行に必要な制御プログラムを選択設定できると共に, 船上装置に要する指示を与えながら, 藻類の発生抑制・殺藻に必要な銅イオン濃度を適切に制御し，そのデータを 蓄積し，必要ならば手動運航に切り換える事も出来る。 In the water purification apparatus using the copper ion generator of the present invention, the land monitoring and control device can be composed of a land main control means composed of a personal computer or the like and a land transmission / reception means for transmitting and receiving signals from the on-board transmission / reception means. The land main control means has peripheral devices such as a central processing unit (CPU), an input / output device, a memory, and a monitor screen display device, and includes several navigation pattern settings and functions such as screen display of the navigation route. , The control program required for automatic navigation can be selected and set, and the copper ion concentration necessary for the suppression of algae generation and algae killing is appropriately controlled while giving instructions required for onboard equipment, and the data is accumulated. You can also switch to manual operation.
図１は，本発明の銅イオン発生器（１）の使用上の実施方法を示したブロック説明図であり，そして図２は，該銅イオン発生器を構成する電極セット（１０）一組の，（Ａ）は一部欠載拡大側面図，そして（Ｂ）は一部欠載拡大正面図である。さらに図３は，該銅イオン発生器を構成する該電極セット一組当たりの，寸法・性能を示す概要説明図である。 FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a method of using the copper ion generator (1) of the present invention, and FIG. 2 shows a set of electrode sets (10) constituting the copper ion generator. , (A) is a partially missing enlarged side view, and (B) is a partially missing enlarged front view. Further, FIG. 3 is a schematic explanatory diagram showing dimensions and performance per set of the electrode sets constituting the copper ion generator.
本発明の銅イオン発生器（１）は，河川・湖沼等の水中に発生し，その水質悪化の主な原因となる，藻類の発生抑制・殺藻するために，該水中に銅イオンを拡散・散布することを目的とする電極部（１ａ）から成り，平行・平板な三枚の銅製電極(10a,10b,10c) を該水中に立設し，一組の電極セット（１０）とし，該電極部は，複数の該電極セットから構成し，該電極セットの極性電位は，三枚の該電極(10a,10b,10c) の中央電極(10b) を中央電極電位(10b) とし，両隣接電極(10a,10c) を等電位に接続し, 隣接電極電位(10ac)とし，該中央電極電位と隣接電極電位とを，該水中で電気分解を行わせる両極性電位とし，蓄電池（２ｃ）等の直流電圧源から，制御部（１ｂ）を介して，該電極部の各両極性電位に対応する所定の陽極・負極へ所定の電力調整分配手段を用いて印加し，陽極電位接続の各電極から銅イオンを発生させる事を特徴とする。 The copper ion generator (1) of the present invention is diffused in water to suppress the generation of algae and kill algae, which occurs in water such as rivers and lakes, and is the main cause of the deterioration of water quality. -Consists of electrode parts (1a) intended to be spread, and three parallel and flat copper electrodes (10a, 10b, 10c) are erected in the water to form a set of electrodes (10). The electrode section is composed of a plurality of electrode sets. The polarity potential of the electrode set is such that the center electrode (10b) of the three electrodes (10a, 10b, 10c) is the center electrode potential (10b). Adjacent electrodes (10a, 10c) are connected to equipotentials to obtain adjacent electrode potentials (10ac), and the central electrode potential and the adjacent electrode potential are set to bipolar potentials for electrolysis in the water, and the storage battery (2c) A predetermined power adjusting / distributing means from a DC voltage source such as a predetermined anode / negative electrode corresponding to each bipolar potential of the electrode section via the control section (1b) This is characterized in that copper ions are generated from each electrode connected to the anode potential.
本発明の銅イオン発生器（１）は，制御部（１ｂ）が，電極部（１ａ）の各両極性電位へ所定の電力調整分配手段を用いて印加すると共に，さらに所定の時間毎に，該各両極性電位への極性切替えをも制御する事を特徴とする。 In the copper ion generator (1) of the present invention, the control unit (1b) applies the bipolar electric potential of the electrode unit (1a) to each bipolar potential using a predetermined power adjusting and distributing means, and further, every predetermined time, The polarity switching to each bipolar potential is also controlled.
本発明の銅イオン発生器（１）において，制御部（１ｂ）の電力調整分配手段とは，通電使用する電極セット（１０）の数を，５段階で切り換えて，電流値を調整し，銅イオンの発生量を調整した。 In the copper ion generator (1) of the present invention, the power adjustment / distribution means of the controller (1b) adjusts the current value by switching the number of electrode sets (10) to be energized in five stages. The amount of ions generated was adjusted.
本発明の銅イオン発生器（１）において，電極セット（１０）に用いる三枚の電極(10a,10b,10c) の各先端部は，塩化ビニル製等の絶縁物である先端保持部材（１１）により，水中でそれぞれ電極間距離：ｄを保ち平行に保持し，三枚の該電極の寸法は，それぞれ等しい長さ：Ｌ，幅：Ｗ，厚み：Ｄを有し，そして電極浸水深さ：Ｌｗを持ち，水面(300) 上の各三枚の該電極は，塩化ビニル製等の絶縁物である電極保持部材（１２）により，ケーシング（１３）内部にそれぞれ電極間距離：ｄを保ち平行に保持する事を特徴とする。 In the copper ion generator (1) of the present invention, the tip of each of the three electrodes (10a, 10b, 10c) used in the electrode set (10) has a tip holding member (11 made of an insulator such as vinyl chloride). ), The distance between the electrodes: d is maintained in parallel in water, and the dimensions of the three electrodes have the same length: L, width: W, thickness: D, and electrode immersion depth : Lw, and each of the three electrodes on the water surface (300) is kept at a distance d between the electrodes in the casing (13) by an electrode holding member (12) made of vinyl chloride or the like. It is characterized by being held in parallel.
本発明の銅イオン発生器（１）において，銅製電極セット（１０）の寸法は，図３に示すように，長さ：Ｌ=40cm ，幅：Ｗ=20cm ，厚み：Ｄ=5mmを有し，電極間距離：ｄ=12.5mm を保持し，そして電極浸水深さ：Ｌｗ=25cm を持ち，隣接電極片面当たりの電極浸水面積=S=Lw X W=500cm2となるので，両隣接電極当たりの電極浸水面積は，２Ｓ=1000cm2となり，そして該電極セットの性能は，図３に示すように，実装試験により，中央電極電位(10b) と，隣接電極電位(10ac)間に，Ｖ＝２４ボルトの電圧を印加すると，電極セット当たり２Ａの電流値を確保し，従って２ｍＡ／cm2 となり，これを銅イオン発生量に換算すれは，２４g/m2・h となり，実測値と一致した。 In the copper ion generator (1) of the present invention, the dimensions of the copper electrode set (10) have a length: L = 40 cm, a width: W = 20 cm, and a thickness: D = 5 mm, as shown in FIG. The distance between the electrodes: d = 12.5 mm and the electrode immersion depth: Lw = 25 cm, and the electrode immersion area per side of the adjacent electrode = S = Lw XW = 500 cm 2 . The electrode submerged area is 2S = 1000 cm 2 , and the performance of the electrode set is, as shown in FIG. 3, V = 24 between the center electrode potential (10b) and the adjacent electrode potential (10ac) by the mounting test. When a voltage of volt was applied, a current value of 2 A per electrode set was secured, and thus 2 mA / cm 2 , which was converted to a copper ion generation amount of 24 g / m 2 · h, which was consistent with the measured value.
本発明の銅イオン発生器（１）において，制御部（１ｂ）が，電極部（１ａ）の各両極性電位へ所定の電力を分配印加すると共に，さらに所定の例えば８時間毎に，該各両極性電位への極性切替え制御と，極性固定制御との実装実験を比較し，電極表面での水酸化銅の発生状況と電流値の変化との関係結果を確保し，その結果，極性固定制御の場合は，銅イオンを発生させる陽極電極には，水酸化銅化合物の堆積が観察され，銅イオン発生量に比例する電流値の低減の要因となり，一方，極性切替え制御の場合は，亜酸化銅(Cu2O)等の水酸化銅化合物の剥離が顕著に観察され，銅イオン発生量に比例する該電流値の低減を抑制する確証を得た。 In the copper ion generator (1) of the present invention, the control unit (1b) distributes and applies predetermined power to each bipolar potential of the electrode unit (1a), and further, for example, every predetermined time every 8 hours. Comparison of the polarity switching control to the bipolar potential and the mounting experiment of the polarity fixing control, and securing the result of the relationship between the state of copper hydroxide generation on the electrode surface and the change of the current value. As a result, the polarity fixing control In this case, deposition of copper hydroxide compound is observed on the anode electrode that generates copper ions, which causes a reduction in the current value proportional to the amount of copper ions generated. Peeling of copper hydroxide compounds such as copper (Cu 2 O) was remarkably observed, and it was confirmed that the reduction of the current value proportional to the amount of copper ions generated was suppressed.
図４は，本発明の銅イオン発生器を用いる水浄化装置の，（Ａ）は一部欠載側面図，そして（Ｂ）は一部欠載ａ−ａ′断面矢視図である。図５は，該水浄化装置の使用上の実施方法を示した船上装置及び陸上監視制御装置の一部欠載ブロック説明図である。図６は，該水浄化装置の設定値・性能を示す概要説明図である。 4A is a partially omitted side view of a water purification apparatus using a copper ion generator of the present invention, and FIG. 4B is a partially omitted aa ′ cross-sectional view. FIG. 5 is a partially omitted block explanatory diagram of the onboard device and the onshore monitoring and control device showing a method for using the water purification device. FIG. 6 is a schematic explanatory diagram showing set values and performance of the water purification device.
本発明の銅イオン発生器を用いる水浄化装置（２０）は，所望の河川・湖沼等の水域を無人遠隔自動航行制御可能な操舵・推進手段(101) を有する船体(100) に装備した，銅イオン発生器（１）及びその付随設備を含む船上装置(120) と，該船体の航行及び該船上装置を陸上から監視制御する機能を有する陸上監視制御装置(200) とからなり，該船上装置と, 該船体の操舵・推進手段とに要する電力が，該船体に具備した太陽光発電手段（２）から給電することとし，該船上装置は，船上主制御手段(105) を有し, 該銅イオン発生器, 太陽光発電手段, 操舵・推進手段を制御するだけでなく，該船体の位置確認手段(102) と, 少なくとも航行に要する測定手段，例えば風向・風速計，磁気方位測定手段，また該船体に対する障害物検知測定器，さらに航行水域の銅イオンを測定する銅イオン測定手段等からなる各種の測定手段(103) とを持ち, さらに船上送受信手段(104) を装備し, そして該陸上監視制御装置から, 該船上送受信手段を介して, 該船上装置を監視制御し，該船体を所望水域に所定の航行方向・速度で自動運航させることにより，所望水域の銅イオン拡散濃度を所定の範囲に調整し, 水質悪化の主な原因となる，藻類の発生抑制・殺藻を行う事を特徴とする。 The water purification apparatus (20) using the copper ion generator of the present invention is equipped with a hull (100) having a steering / propulsion means (101) capable of unmanned remote automatic navigation control of a water area such as a desired river or lake. An onboard device (120) including a copper ion generator (1) and its associated equipment, and an onshore monitoring and control device (200) having functions of navigating the hull and monitoring and controlling the onboard device from onshore. The electric power required for the device and the steering / propulsion means of the hull is supplied from the solar power generation means (2) provided in the hull, and the onboard apparatus has onboard main control means (105), In addition to controlling the copper ion generator, photovoltaic power generation means, steering / propulsion means, the hull position confirmation means (102) and at least measuring means required for navigation, such as wind direction / anemometer, magnetic direction measurement means Obstacle detectors for the hull, and navigational areas Various measuring means (103) comprising copper ion measuring means for measuring the copper ions of the ship, further equipped with on-board transmission / reception means (104), and from the land monitoring and control device via the on-board transmission / reception means. By controlling the onboard equipment and automatically operating the hull in the desired water area at a predetermined navigation direction and speed, the copper ion diffusion concentration in the desired water area is adjusted to the predetermined range, which is the main cause of water quality deterioration. It is characterized by suppressing the generation of algae and killing algae.
本発明の銅イオン発生器を用いる水浄化装置（２０）を装備する船体(100) は，図４に示すように，該船体の進行方向である長手方向の両側にガラス繊維強化プラスチック製で全長：４．６ｍの浮体(110) を有する双胴船型とし，総浮力=2.4トンを有する両該浮体間隔＝２．２ｍの間に, 銅イオン発生器（１）の各電極セット（１０）の電極面が, 該浮体と平行になるように, 該銅イオン発生器を設置し，太陽光発電手段（２）のソーラパネル（２ａ）を，断面が屋根型に装備し，そして総重量=1.8トンを有する該船体の後部中央に，操舵・推進手段(101) を設置し，更に他の付随設備を含む船上装置(120) を装備し，そして該船体の両浮体先端部から進行方向に突出する船首枠部材を設け，該船首枠部材から所定の水面下まで防護網を設け，航行水域に浮遊するゴミ等の夾雑物を取り除き，該銅イオン発生器の電極等を保護する事を特徴とする。 The hull (100) equipped with the water purification apparatus (20) using the copper ion generator of the present invention is made of glass fiber reinforced plastic on both sides in the longitudinal direction, which is the traveling direction of the hull, as shown in FIG. : Catamaran type with 4.6m floating body (110), and total buoyancy = 2.4 tons between both floating bodies = 2.2m, each electrode set (10) of copper ion generator (1) The copper ion generator is installed so that the electrode surface is parallel to the floating body, the solar panel (2a) of the photovoltaic power generation means (2) is mounted on the roof type, and the total weight = 1.8 Steering and propulsion means (101) is installed in the center of the rear of the hull with a ton, and an onboard device (120) including other ancillary equipment is installed, and protrudes in the direction of travel from both floating body tips of the hull. A bow frame member is provided, and a protective net is provided from the bow frame member to a predetermined surface of the water. Remove Contaminants such as dust to Yu, characterized in that to protect the electrodes and the like of the copper ion generator.
本発明の銅イオン発生器を用いる水浄化装置（２０）において，銅イオン発生器（１）は，図６に示すように，電極セット（１０）の総数を２４セットを採用し，両浮体(110) 間に１２セットづつ二列に配置し，一列の横幅は約１．５ｍとし，そして該銅イオン発生器の電極総面積は，２．４m2となるので，全ての 電極セットを24V で印加すると，その全消費電力は，24V X 48A=1.15 KW となり, 従ってその最大銅イオン発生総量は，(24g/m2 ・h x 2.4m2)=57.6 g/h となる。 In the water purification apparatus (20) using the copper ion generator of the present invention, the copper ion generator (1) employs a total of 24 sets of electrode sets (10) as shown in FIG. 110) are arranged in two rows with 12 sets in between, the width of one row is about 1.5 m, and the total electrode area of the copper ion generator is 2.4 m 2 , so all electrode sets are 24V When applied, the total power consumption is 24V X 48A = 1.15 KW, so the maximum total copper ion generation is (24g / m 2 · hx 2.4m 2 ) = 57.6 g / h.
本発明の銅イオン発生器を用いる水浄化装置（２０）において，船上装置(120) の測定手段(103) として，航行水域の銅イオンを測定する銅イオン測定手段は，イオン電極構造として，ガラス電極か固体膜電極構造を採用し，イオン電極式銅イオン濃度測定器を用いた。 In the water purification apparatus (20) using the copper ion generator of the present invention, the copper ion measuring means for measuring copper ions in the navigational water as the measuring means (103) of the onboard device (120) is made of glass as an ion electrode structure. An electrode or solid membrane electrode structure was adopted, and an ion electrode type copper ion concentration measuring device was used.
本発明の銅イオン発生器を用いる水浄化装置（２０）において，船上装置(120) の太陽光発電手段（２）として，総面積＝15.3m2のソーラパネル（２ａ）を用い, 充電制御部（２ｂ）を介して，蓄電池電圧＝２４Ｖを有するリチウムイオン型の蓄電池（２ｃ）に充電し，該蓄電池の最大容量＝４３２Ａｈを確保した。 In the water purification apparatus (20) using the copper ion generator of the present invention, a solar panel (2a) having a total area of 15.3 m 2 is used as the solar power generation means (2) of the onboard apparatus (120), and the charge control unit Through (2b), a lithium ion storage battery (2c) having a storage battery voltage = 24V was charged, and the maximum capacity of the storage battery = 432 Ah was secured.
本発明の銅イオン発生器を用いる水浄化装置（２０）において，船上装置(120) の操舵・推進手段(101) として，スクリュー（直径：286mm)１機を有する操舵付き該操舵・推進手段を採用し，更に銅イオン発生器（１）の複数の各電極セット（１０）の電極面が, 浮体(110) と平行になるように設置することにより，舵機能を付与し, これらの性能として，船体操舵性：左右１８０度回転範囲を有し，航行速度：無断変速0.1Km/h-0.4Km/h を持ち，そして0.4Km/h は消費電力=15-40W に相当する事を確認した。 In the water purification apparatus (20) using the copper ion generator of the present invention, the steering / propulsion means with steering having one screw (diameter: 286 mm) is used as the steering / propulsion means (101) of the onboard device (120). Furthermore, by installing the electrode surface of each of the plurality of electrode sets (10) of the copper ion generator (1) so as to be parallel to the floating body (110), a rudder function is provided, and these performances are as follows. , Hull steering: left and right 180 degree rotation range, navigation speed: continuously shifting 0.1Km / h-0.4Km / h, and 0.4Km / h is equivalent to power consumption = 15-40W .
本発明の銅イオン発生器を用いる水浄化装置（２０）において，船上装置(120) の位置確認手段(102) として，ジャイロコンパス，磁気方位測定手段，そして 全地球測位システム（ＧＰＳ）を用い，現在位置（緯度．経度）と方位とを，所 定の時間：１分以内の間隔で，陸上監視制御装置(200) が確保し，目標位置（緯 度．経度）との比較演算により，操舵角を算出し，該船上装置のシーケンサ等か らなる船上主制御手段(105) へ指示送信し，操舵・推進手段(101) を制御する。 In the water purification apparatus (20) using the copper ion generator of the present invention, a gyrocompass, a magnetic bearing measuring means, and a global positioning system (GPS) are used as the position confirmation means (102) of the onboard device (120). The land monitoring and control device (200) secures the current position (latitude / longitude) and direction at a predetermined time interval of less than 1 minute and steers the vehicle by comparison with the target position (latitude / longitude). The angle is calculated, and an instruction is transmitted to the shipboard main control means (105) consisting of a sequencer of the shipboard device, etc., and the steering / propulsion means (101) is controlled.
本発明の銅イオン発生器を用いる水浄化装置（２０）において，船上装置(120) の測定手段(103) として，検出距離：1.3 - 3.0 m を有する障害物検知測定器 を用い, 船体(100) の船首枠部材近傍に８個の該障害物検知測定器を取り付け， 障害物を検出すると，船上主制御手段(105) を介して，操舵・推進手段(101) を 制御して，自動運航を停止し，そして陸上監視制御装置(200) からの手動航行に 切り換えられるようにした。 In the water purification apparatus (20) using the copper ion generator of the present invention, an obstacle detection measuring instrument having a detection distance of 1.3 to 3.0 m is used as the measuring means (103) of the onboard apparatus (120), and the hull (100 Eight obstacle detectors are installed in the vicinity of the bow frame member of), and when an obstacle is detected, the steering / propulsion means (101) is controlled via the shipboard main control means (105) to automatically operate. Was switched to manual navigation from the land monitoring and control system (200).
本発明の銅イオン発生器を用いる水浄化装置（２０）において，藻類の発生抑制・殺藻に必要な銅イオン濃度を，珪藻類のアステリオネラ及びフラギラリアを用い，蛍光顕微鏡観察法等により実験的に確認した。その結果，銅イオン濃度：0.1 mg/L条件下での24時間暴露では，殺藻率は, ほぼ100 % であった。 In the water purification apparatus (20) using the copper ion generator of the present invention, the copper ion concentration necessary for the suppression of algae generation and the algae killing is experimentally determined by using a diatom Asterionella and Fragilaria by a fluorescence microscope observation method or the like. confirmed. As a result, the algicidal rate was almost 100% after 24 hours exposure under the condition of copper ion concentration: 0.1 mg / L.
本発明の銅イオン発生器を用いる水浄化装置（２０）において，銅イオン発生器（１）の銅イオン発生量と，所望水域の銅イオン拡散濃度とによる水浄化処理性能は，各種の条件下で評価でき，例えば，航行速度：Ｖｓ＝１００ｍ／ｈで，電極セット（１０）の一列の総数１２セットで定まる銅イオン散布幅＝Ｗｄ＝約１．５ｍにより，散布面積＝Ｓｔ＝ＶｓｘＷｄ＝１５０m2の水域における, 水深＝Ｂ＝４ｍの水量＝Ｑ＝６００m3に対し, 銅イオン発生総量：ＩCU=57.6 g/h とすれば，該水域における銅イオン拡散濃度＝ＤCU=57.6/600=0.1 mg/Lとなり，藻類の発生抑制・殺藻に必要な銅イオン濃度を確保でき，この様にして，該水浄化装置を所望水域へ無人航行させ，所定の水域条件下に対応して，航行方向・速度の自動制御により，水中の銅イオン拡散濃度＝ＤCUを所定の範囲に調整する事が出来る。 In the water purification apparatus (20) using the copper ion generator of the present invention, the water purification performance by the copper ion generation amount of the copper ion generator (1) and the copper ion diffusion concentration in the desired water area is under various conditions. For example, when the navigation speed is Vs = 100 m / h, the copper ion spread width determined by the total number of 12 sets in one row of the electrode set (10) = Wd = about 1.5 m, and the spread area = St = VsxWd = 150 m If the total amount of copper ions generated is I CU = 57.6 g / h, while the depth of water = B = 4 m = Q = 600 m 3 , the copper ion diffusion concentration = D CU = 57.6 / 600 = 0.1 mg / L, which can secure the copper ion concentration necessary for algae generation suppression and algae killing. In this way, the water purification device can be unmannedly navigated to the desired water area to meet the specified water area conditions. Underwater copper ions are automatically controlled by the navigation direction and speed. Diffusion concentration = DCU can be adjusted to a predetermined range.
本発明の銅イオン発生器を用いる水浄化装置（２０）において，陸上監視制御装置(200) は，パーソナル計算機等からなる陸上主制御手段(201) と，船上送受信手段(104) の信号を送受信する陸上送受信手段(202) とから構成し, 該陸上主制御手段は，中央処理ユニット(CPU),入出力装置, メモリ, 監視画面表示装置等の周辺装置を有し, 幾つかの航行パターン設定や，航行経路の画面表示等の機能を含め, 自動航行に必要な制御プログラムを選択設定できると共に, 船上装置(120) に要する指示を与えながら, 藻類の発生抑制・殺藻に必要な銅イオン濃度を 適切に制御し，そのデータを蓄積し，必要ならば手動運航に切り換える事も出来 る。 In the water purification apparatus (20) using the copper ion generator of the present invention, the land monitoring and control apparatus (200) transmits and receives signals from the land main control means (201) composed of a personal computer and the onboard transmission / reception means (104). The land main control means includes peripheral devices such as a central processing unit (CPU), an input / output device, a memory, and a monitor screen display device, and sets several navigation patterns. Control functions necessary for automatic navigation, including functions such as screen display of navigation routes, and copper ions required for algae suppression and algal killing while giving instructions required for onboard equipment (120) It is possible to control the concentration appropriately, accumulate the data, and switch to manual operation if necessary.
１ 銅イオン発生器
１ａ 電極部
１ｂ 制御部
２ 太陽光発電手段
２ａ ソーラパネル
２ｂ 充電制御部
２ｃ 蓄電池
１０ 電極セット
１０ａ 隣接電極ａ
１０ｂ 中央電極ｂ：中央電極電位
１０ｃ 隣接電極ｃ
１０ａｃ 隣接電極電位
１１ 先端保持部材
１２ 電極保持部材
１３ ケーシング
２０ 水浄化装置
１００ 船体
１０１ 操舵・推進手段
１０２ 位置確認手段
１０３ 測定手段
１０４ 船上送受信手段
１０５ 船上主制御手段
１１０ 浮体
１２０ 船上装置
２００ 陸上監視制御装置
２０１ 陸上主制御手段
２０２ 陸上送受信手段
３００ 水面
ｄ 電極間距離
Ｂ 水深
Ｄ 電極厚み（一枚当たり）
ＤCU 銅イオン拡散濃度
ＩCU 銅イオン発生総量
Ｌ 電極長さ（一枚当たり）
Ｌｗ 電極浸水深さ（一枚当たり）
Ｑ 水量
Ｓ ＝ＷｘＬｗ：電極浸水面積（片面当たり）
Ｓｔ 散布面積＝Ｓｔ＝ＶｓｘＷｄ
Ｖｓ 航行速度
Ｗ 電極幅（一枚当たり）
Ｗｄ 銅イオン散布幅
DESCRIPTION OF
10b Center electrode b: Center electrode potential 10c Adjacent electrode c
10ac Adjacent electrode potential 11
D CU copper ion diffusion concentration I CU copper ion generation amount L Electrode length (per sheet)
Lw Electrode immersion depth (per sheet)
Q Water volume S = WxLw: Electrode flooded area (per one side)
St spraying area = St = VsxWd
Vs Navigation speed W Electrode width (per sheet)
Wd Copper ion spreading width
Claims (4)
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