JP3727744B2 - Method for producing chlorinated polyolefin composition - Google Patents

Method for producing chlorinated polyolefin composition Download PDF

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Publication number
JP3727744B2
JP3727744B2 JP35201996A JP35201996A JP3727744B2 JP 3727744 B2 JP3727744 B2 JP 3727744B2 JP 35201996 A JP35201996 A JP 35201996A JP 35201996 A JP35201996 A JP 35201996A JP 3727744 B2 JP3727744 B2 JP 3727744B2
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Prior art keywords
chlorinated
polyolefin
acid
modified
solution
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JPH10168123A (en
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敬文 増田
哲二 西岡
賢一郎 磯本
多津男 津禰鹿
照明 芦原
昭二 前川
亮三 織田
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Toyo Kasei Kogyo Co Ltd
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Toyo Kasei Kogyo Co Ltd
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明はポリオレフィン系樹脂、例えば、ポリプロピレン、ホリエチレン、エチレン−プロピレン共重合体、エチレン−プロピレン−ブテン共重合体、エチレン酢酸ビニル共重合体類又はポリ(4−メチルペンテン−1)を主成分とするポリオレフィン系樹脂の成型品又はフイルム等に対するプライマ−として使用される低温で溶液流動性と低温安定性の良好な低温安定性塩素化ポリオレフィン類又は酸変性塩素化ポリオレフィン類の改良された製造法に関するものである。更に詳しくは、本発明はポリオレフィン系樹脂の成型品又はフイルム等に対するプライマ−として、ポリオレフィン基材又はフイルム等の表面をトリクロロエタン等の塩素系有機溶剤で蒸気洗浄又は脱脂することなく塗布して得られる該ポリオレフィン系樹脂の成型品又はフイルムとの密着性又はベ−スコ−ト及び/又はトップコ−トに対する層間密着性、耐ガソホ−ル性、耐湿性、耐衝撃性、耐屈曲性等、物性の良好な塗膜を与え、かつトルエン、キシレン等の芳香族系有機溶剤、シクロヘキサン等の脂肪族系有機溶剤、メチルエチルケトン等のケトン類、酢酸エチル等のエステル類又はジオキサン等の複素環状系有機溶剤に、分散又は溶解した溶液が低温溶液流動性、低温安定性、スプレ−性、作業性に優れた低温安定性を有する塩素化ポリオレフィン類又は酸変性塩素化ポリオレフィン類の改良された製造法に関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
一般にポリオレフィン系樹脂は比較的安価で、優れた性能、例えば、耐薬品性、耐水性、耐熱性等を有し、自動車部品等の工業用材料として広い分野で使用されている。しかしながらポリオレフィン系樹脂は上記のような優れた特徴を有しているものの結晶性であり、かつ表面に反応性に富んだ官能基を有しないため、ポリオレフィン系樹脂の成型品やフイルム等の基材に対する接着や塗装を施すことが困難である。これを改善するため、当該樹脂成型品やフイルムの表面を酸処理あるいはコロナ放電又はプラズマ処理等の物理的方法により改質して塗膜の付着力を向上させる試みが行われている。このような塗膜の付着力を向上させるため、特公平1−16414号をはじめ多くの特許に見られるようなポリオレフィン類を不飽和カルボン酸又はその酸無水物で変性して塩素化した塩素化ポリオレフィン系樹脂組成物が提案されている。
【0003】
一般に上記したような塩素含有率10〜45重量%の塩素化ポリオレフィン類又は酸変性ポリオレフィン類は塩素含有率が高くなるほどポリオレフィン成型物又はフィルムに対する付着性、更には耐溶剤性、耐ガソホ−ル性が低下する傾向にあるため、塩素含有率をできるだけ低く設定するのが望ましい。しかしながら塩素含有率が低くなりすぎると溶液状態が悪くなり、ゲル化する欠点がある。そのため特に冬期の低温時においては取り扱い作業に大きな制限が加えられる。低塩素化ポリオレフィンの溶液濃度を低くすれば低温流動性はある程度改善可能であるが、塗料に加工される際に顔料の分散性が低下し、輸送コストが高くなるなどの問題点を生ずる。更にまた特開平6−306227号公報には、脂環式炭化水素と芳香族炭化水素の混合溶剤による上記の問題点の改善が提案されているが、この場合には塗料に加工する際に混合する他樹脂との溶解性の差から混合される他樹脂の析出などの問題点がある。
【0004】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明は、上記の問題点を解決し塩素含有率の低い塩素化ポリオレフィン類又は酸変性塩素化ポリオレフィン類の低温における溶液流動性を損なうことなく、ポリオレフィン類に対して付着性が良好で、かつ耐ガソホ−ル性に優れた塗料、プライマ−、インキ又は接着剤用に供される塩素化ポリオレフィン類又は酸変性塩素化ポリオレフィン類の前記有機溶剤に分散又は溶解した溶液を製造する方法を提供することを目的とする。
【0005】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明は、ポリオレフィンを、水を添加しない塩素系溶剤の溶液中で昇温して、該溶液の温度が少なくとも110℃で溶解せしめ、次いでラジカル触媒の存在下又は不存在下、少なくとも100℃の温度で均一な溶液状態を保持して、圧力制御を行いながら塩素ガスを吹き込み、塩素含有率が10〜45重量%まで塩素化して製造した塩素化ポリオレフィンに、1分子当り1個のエポキシ基を有する化合物を配合することを特徴とする、塩素化ポリオレフィン組成物の製造法である。
本発明において、上記ポリオレフィンは、α,β−不飽和カルボン酸およびその酸無水物から選ばれた1種又は2種以上の化合物を0.1〜10重量%使用してグラフト変性された変性ポリオレフィン(酸変性ポリオレフィンという)であってもよく、溶解温度が120〜140℃であってもよい。
また、本発明において、上記ポリオレフィンは、ポリプロピレン、ポリエチレン、プロピレン成分を10〜99モル%含有するプロピレン−α−オレフィン共重合体、プロピレン成分を5〜99モル%含有するプロピレン−エチレン−ブテン共重合体およびポリ(4−メチルペンテン−1)から選択される少なくとも1種であってもよく、あるいは、エチレン−酢酸ビニル共重合体であってもよい。
【0006】
本発明では反応系内に水の添加を行っていないのは仕込み樹脂が酸変性ポリオレフィン類の場合では親水性が強いため水を添加すると反応後生成した塩酸が分離できないためである。本発明における溶解温度は少なくとも110℃である。110℃未満では溶解が不十分である。更に好ましくは120℃であり、140℃を限度とする。140℃を超過した温度で溶解を行うとポリオレフィン又は酸変性ポリオレフィンの熱変性が起こり、物性にも悪影響を及ぼすため、本発明には採用することができないる。また溶解時間は少なくとも100℃で、1時間以上であるが、100℃未満の温度に於ては時間を延長しても使用するポリオレフィン類の極性、分子量又は用いる塩素系溶剤の極性とのバランスにより溶解状態が異なるため十分な効果が得られない。また140℃を超過すると時間に関係なく塩素化ポリオレフィンの熱変性が起こるため、不適である。
【0007】
本発明に用いられる変性ポリオレフィン類は公知の方法で製造することができる。その製造法の一例を示すと、ポリオレフィン系樹脂、例えば、ポリプロピレン、ポリエチレン、エチレン−プロピレン共重合体、エチレン−ブテン共重合体等を単独又は2種以上混合して溶解し、必要であれば熱分解により変性したポリオレフィンの溶解樹脂をラジカル発生剤の存在下又は不存在下でα,β−不飽和カルボン酸及び/又はその酸無水物でグラフト変性して得ることができる。グラフト変性の反応に用いられるラジカル発生剤としては、例えば、ジ−tert−ブチルパ−フタレ−ト、tert−ブチルヒドロパ−オキサイド、ジクミルパ−オキサイド、ベンゾイルパ−オキサイド、tert−ブチルパ−オキシベンゾエ−ト、tert−ブチルパ−オキシエチルヘキサノエ−ト、tert−ブチルパ−オキシピバレ−ト、メチルエチルケトンパ−オキサイド、ジ−tert−ブチルパ−オキサイドのようなパ−オキサイド類や、アゾビスイソブチロニトリル、アゾビスイソプロピオニトリル等のアゾニトリル類がある。またグラフト変性の反応に用いられるα,β−不飽和カルボン酸及び/又はその酸無水物としては、例えば、マレイン酸、無水マレイン酸、フマル酸、シトラコン酸、無水シトラコン酸、メサコン酸、イタコン酸、無水イタコン酸、アコニット酸、無水アコニット酸、無水ハイミック酸等が使用可能であり、1種又は2種又はそれ以上を使用する。
【0008】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明に使用されるポリオレフィン類又はα,β−不飽和カルボン酸及び/又はその酸無水物でグラフト変性して得られた酸変性ポリオレフィン類の塩素化物の塩素化度は10〜45重量%の範囲であり、好ましくは18〜28重量%である。塩素化度が10重量%よりも低いとワニスや塗料等に使用される有機溶剤との極性の差が大きくなり、常温であっても溶解状態が悪く溶液安定性が不良となる。逆に塩素化度が45重量%よりも高いと被塗物であるポリオレフィン系樹脂との極性差が生じ密着性が低下し、かつ結晶性が全くなくなるので耐ガソホ−ル性が低下する。また塩素化酸変性ポリオレフィン類のα,β−不飽和カルボン酸及び/又はその酸無水物のグラフト変性量は0.1〜10重量%で、好ましくは0.5〜3.0重量%である。変性量が0.1重量%よりも低いと耐溶剤性が悪くなり、変性量が10重量%よりも高いとベ−スコ−ト及び/又はトップコ−トに対する層間密着性が低下する。
【0009】
本発明に用いられる塩素系溶剤としては、クロロホルム、テトラクロルエチレン、クロルベンゼン等の塩素系溶剤が好適である。また塩素化反応に用いられるラジカル発生剤としては、変性反応に用いられるパ−オキサイド類、アゾニトリル類と同様の化合物を用いることができる。また紫外線等による光化学反応もまたラジカル発生剤用として使用することも可能である。
【0010】
本発明に安定剤として用いられる1分子当り1個のエポキシ基を有する化合物及び/又はその樹脂としては、例えば、フェニルグリシジルエ−テル、2−メチルフェニルグリシジルエ−テル、tert−ブチルフェニルグリシジルエ−テル、4−クロロフェニルグリシジルエ−テル、4−メトキシフェニルグリシジルエ−テル、2−ビフェニルグリシジルエ−テル、1−ナフチルグリシジルエ−テル、メチルグリシジルエ−テル、イソプロピルグリシジルエ−テル、ブチルグリシジルエ−テル、tert−ブチルグリシジルエ−テル、2−エチルグリシジルエ−テル等があり、これらり1種あるいは2種以上を混合して使用するとその効果が更に顕著になる。
【0011】
本発明に使用されるワニス又は塗料等への実用化時の塩素化ポリオレフィン類又は酸変性塩素化ポリオレフィン類の溶媒としては、トルエン、キシレン等の芳香族系有機溶剤、シクロヘキサン、N,N−ジメチルホルミアミド等の脂肪族系有機溶剤、メチルエチルケトン、メチルイソブチルケトン等のケトン類、酢酸メチル、酢酸エチル等のエステル類、ジオキサン、テトラヒドロフラン等の複素環状系有機溶剤が好適である。
【0012】
【作用】
本発明の特徴とするところは、ポリオレフィン類の成型物又はフイルム等に対して付着性が良好な、塩素含有率の低い低温安定性塩素化ポリオレフィン類又は酸変性塩素化ポリオレフィン類の性質を更に向上させることにある。即ち、塩素化ポリオレフィン類又は酸変性塩素化ポリオレフィン類は塩素含有率が低くなるほど被塗物であるポリオレフィン系樹脂との極性差がなくなり、ポリオレフィン系樹脂に対する付着性が良好になり、また耐ガソホ−ル性も改善されるが、ワニスや塗料等に使用される有機溶剤との極性の差が大きく、溶解状態が劣るので常温でも溶液流動性が悪くなる。このため作業性が著しく悪くなり、冬期の低温時における取り扱い作業が大きく制限されるが、本発明の少なくとも溶解工程が110℃であり、かつ少なくとも100℃の均一溶解状態における塩素化方法で製造することによって、低温における溶液流動性と共に溶液の安定性に優れ、しかもポリオレフィンに対する付着性及び耐ガソホ−ル性が良好な塩素化ポリオレフィン類又は酸変性塩素化ポリオレフィン類が得られるのである。本発明の少なくとも110℃における溶解工程及び少なくとも100℃の均一溶解での塩素化工程を保有することによって次の効果を奏することが本発明者等の研究の結果確認された。即ち、
(1) 原料として使用したポリオレフィン類は結晶性を有しており、十分な溶解工程を取ることによって塩素化前に結晶性が崩れ、分子の配向性や折りたたみ構造が低下する。この状態において、塩素原子を結合させるため塩素含有率が低くてもポリオレフィン分子内に、均一に塩素原子が置換し、有機溶剤に低温でも容易に溶解するに至る。
(2) 原料として用いた酸変性ポリオレフィン類の変性部分がカルボン酸のままであると塩素系溶媒に溶解しないため、上記(1) の効果を期待しても結晶性は崩れないのである。しかし120〜140℃で1〜2時間の溶解工程によってカルボン酸は酸無水物に変化し、そのため変性部分も塩素系溶媒に十分溶解するようになる。このことよりポリオレフィン類の結晶性を十分崩すことができる。しかしながら120℃未満ではこの効果を達成することができない。これをモデル構造で示すと〔化1〕の通りである。
上記よりして、本発明の製造方法によって始めて低温で溶液流動性の良好な低温安定性塩素化ポリオレフィン類又は低温安定性酸変性塩素化ポリオレフィン類の製造が可能になった。
【0013】
【化1】

Figure 0003727744
【0014】
【実施例】
次に本発明を実施例により説明するが、本発明はこれらに限定されるものではない。
【実施例1】
アイソタクチックポリプロピレン(Mw=約35000)10Kg及びクロロホルム90Kgをグラスライニングされた圧力反応缶に加え、窒素置換を約5分間行った後、撹拌しながら120℃に加熱し、120℃から140℃の間で1時間をかけて溶解させた。次いで圧力缶内の温度が110℃になるまで放置冷却し、110℃になった時点でジ−tert−ブチルパ−オキサイド100gを加え、上記缶内圧力を4Kg t/cm2 に抑制しながら塩素ガスを吹き込んだ。7.7Kgの塩素ガスを3時間かけて吹き込んだ後、窒素ガスを吹き込み、未反応の塩素ガス及び塩化水素を除去した。溶媒のクロロホルムを留去後トルエンで置換し、塩素化ポリプロピレン(塩素含量:26.2重量%)の20重量%トルエン溶液を得た。得られた組成物の20重量%トルエン溶液にデナコ−ルEX−146(ナガセ化成工業株式会社製:エポキシ当量、180であるエポキシ化合物)を樹脂に対して4重量%添加し十分に撹拌してワニスを得た。以下実施例及び比較例のワニスとは20重量%トルエン溶液でデナコ−ルEX−146を塩素化物樹脂に対して4重量%添加し十分に撹拌、溶解せしめたものである。
【0015】
【比較例1】
実施例1で使用したアイソタクチックポリプロピレン10Kg及びクロロホルム90Kgをグラスライニングされた圧力反応缶に加え、窒素置換を約5分間行った後、撹拌しながら100℃に加熱し、100〜110℃の間で1時間で溶解させた。1時間後ジ−tert−ブチルパ−オキサイド100gを加え、缶内圧力を4Kg f/cm2 で制御しながら塩素ガスを吹き込んだ。7.7Kgの塩素ガスを3時間かけて吹き込んだ後、窒素ガスを吹き込み、未反応の塩素ガス及び塩化水素を除去した。溶媒のクロロホルムを留去後トルエンで置換し、塩素化ポリプロピレン(塩素含量:26.1重量%)の20重量%トルエン溶液にしてワニスを得た。
【0016】
【実施例2】
アイソタクチックポリプロピレン(Mw=約35000)38.8Kg、無水マレイン酸2.3Kg、ジクルミパ−オキサイド0.8Kg及びトルエン58.1Kgを撹拌器を取付けたオ−トクレ−プ中に加え、窒素置換を約5分間行った後、加熱撹拌しながら140℃で5時間反応を行った。反応終了後、反応液を大量のメチルエチルケトン中に投入し、樹脂を析出させた。この樹脂を更にメチルエチルケトンで数回洗浄し、未反応の無水マレイン酸を除去し、メルトフロ−レ−ト550g/10min (150℃)の無水マレイン酸変性ポリプロピレン樹脂を得た。この無水マレイン酸変性ポリプロピレン樹脂を実施例1と全く同じ方法で塩素ガスを6.2Kg吹き込み塩素化し、塩素化無水マレイン酸変性ポリプロピレン(塩素含量:20.2重量%)を得てワニスを作製した。
【0017】
【比較例2】
実施例2で用いた無水マレイン酸変性樹脂と同一樹脂を用いて、比較例1と全く同様の方法で塩素ガスを6.2Kg吹き込み塩素化し、塩素化無水マレイン酸変性ポリプロピレン(塩素含量:20.0重量%)を得てワニスを作製した。
【0018】
【実施例3】
プロピレン成分95モル%含有するエチレン−プロピレン共重合体(Mw=45000)を原料にして実施例2と同様の方法で無水マレイン酸変性ポリオレフィンを得た。この無水マレイン酸変性樹脂を実施例1と全く同様の方法で塩素ガス7.0Kg吹き込み塩素化し、塩素化無水マレイン酸変性ポリオレフィン(塩素含量:22.3重量%)を得てワニスを作製した。
【0019】
【比較例3】
実施例3で用いた無水マレイン酸変性樹脂と同一樹脂を使用して、比較例1と同様の方法で塩素ガスを7.0Kg吹き込み塩素化し、塩素化無水マレイン酸変性ポリオレフィン(塩素含量:22.1重量%)を得てワニスを作製した。
【0020】
【実施例4】
エチレン−酢酸ビニル共重合物(MFR=15.1、酢酸ビニル含量28.5%)を原料にして実施例1と全く同様の方法で塩素ガスを6.0Kg吹き込み塩素化し、塩素化エチレン−酢酸ビニル共重合物(塩素含量:21.7重量%)を得てワニスを作製した。
【0021】
【比較例4】
実施例4で用いたエチレン−酢酸ビニル共重合物と同様の樹脂を用いて、比較例1と全く同様の方法で、塩素ガスを6.0Kg吹き込み塩素化し、塩素化無水マレイン酸変性ポリオレフィン(塩素含量:21.0重量%)を得てワニスを作製した。
【0022】
実施例1〜4及び比較例1〜4の性能評価結果を比較し〔表1〕〔表2〕〔表3〕に記した。
性能評価方法は以下の手順で行った。
(1) 外観判定:25℃、10℃、−5℃保管時の溶液の性状を確認する。実施例及び比較例で製造した塩素化ポリオレフィン類の20重量%濃度のワニスを500mlのガラス瓶に仕込む。25℃、10℃、−5℃の撹拌機付きオイルバスに浸漬し1週間静置する。1週間後各温度で粘度計(東京計器株式会社製B型粘度計;B−8M)で粘度を測定し粘度変化及び外観の変化を確認した。また溶液を各温度のまま粒ゲ−ジ(50μm)(JIS K 5400に準ずる)で粒径を測定しゲルの発生の有無を確認した。
(2) 層間密着性:ポリプロピレン板(三井ノ−ブレンSB−E3を常法によりプレス成型したもので、100mm×50mm、厚さ2mm)の表面をイソプロピルアルコ−ルで洗浄し、実施例1〜3及び比較例1〜3のワニスを樹脂分12重量%に調整した組成物をエア−式スプレ−ガン(明治機械製作所株式会社製F−88型)を用いて乾燥後、塗布量が5〜10g/m2 になるように塗装した。乾燥は80℃で10分間行い、室温に放冷した。つぎにウレタン塗料(関西ペイント株式会社製レタンPG80)及びシンナ−を乾燥後、塗布量が50〜60g/m2 になるように、エア−式スプレ−ガンを用いて塗装した。乾燥は80℃で45分間行い、室温に戻して24時間経過したものをテストした。評価は塗面上に素地に達する1mm間隔で100個のマス目を作り、その上にセロハンテ−プを圧着させて塗面に対して90度の角度で引き剥し、マス目の残存数を調べた。
(3) 耐温水浸漬後の層間密着性:(2) の方法で塗装したポリプロピレン板を40℃に保った水道水中に240時間浸漬し、(2) と同様の方法で評価した。
(4) 耐ガソホ−ル性:(2) の方法で塗装したポリプロピレン板を20℃に保ったガソホ−ル〔レギュラ−ガソリン:エタノ−ル=90:10(重量比)〕中に120分間浸漬し、塗膜状態を調べた。
(5) 剥離強度:ワニスを12重量%に調整しバ−コ−タ− No.32で未処理ポリプロピレンフイルム(フイルム厚さ60μm)に塗工し、12時間室温で乾燥した後、塗工面を重ねあわせ、150℃×1Kg/cm2×1秒間の圧着条件でヒ−トシ−ルを行い、24時間後、テンシロンを使用して180度剥離試験を行った。引っ張り速度は200mm/min で行った。測定数は10点とし、得られた結果の平均値を求めた。
【0022】
【表1】
Figure 0003727744
【0023】
【表2】
Figure 0003727744
【0024】
【表3】
Figure 0003727744
【0025】
【発明の効果】
(1) 〔表1〕の結果より実施例1〜3は塩素含有率の低い塩素化ポリオレフィン類を110℃以上の溶解工程を有し、100℃以上の均一溶解状態での塩素化方法で製造された塩素化物をワニス化した結果である。これらの−5℃での低温流動性は良好であった。一方、比較例1〜3は高温での溶解工程を有しない塩素化方法で製造された塩素化物であるが、10℃付近から溶液流動性が悪くなる傾向にあった。このことより110℃以上の溶解工程を有し、100℃以上の均一溶解状態での塩素化方法で製造した塩素化物は単一溶媒による溶液にしても低温流動性が改善されているという効果を奏する。
(2) 〔表2〕〔表3〕の結果より110℃以上の溶解工程を有し、100℃以上の均一溶解状態での塩素化方法で製造した塩素化物は、高温での溶解工程を有しない塩素化方法で製造された塩素化物と比較して剥離強度、付着性、耐ガソホ−ル性等は低下していない。
之を要するに本発明は、本来低温溶液流動性及び溶液安定性が悪く作業性が著しく劣るため使用が困難であった塩素含有率の低い塩素化ポリオレフィン類を少なくとも110℃の溶解工程を有し、少なくとも100℃の均一溶解状態で塩素化して製造することによって、低温溶液流動性及び溶液安定性が良好でその他の塗膜物性も良好な塩素化ポリオレフィン類又は酸変性塩素化ポリオレフィン類が得られることが判明して本発明を完成したもので、その効果は顕著である。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention is mainly composed of a polyolefin resin such as polypropylene, polyethylene, ethylene-propylene copolymer, ethylene-propylene-butene copolymer, ethylene vinyl acetate copolymers or poly (4-methylpentene-1). Improved process for producing low-temperature stable chlorinated polyolefins or acid-modified chlorinated polyolefins having good solution flowability and low-temperature stability at low temperatures, used as a primer for molded products or films of polyolefin resins It is about. More specifically, the present invention is obtained by applying the surface of a polyolefin substrate or film as a primer for a molded article or film of a polyolefin resin without vapor cleaning or degreasing with a chlorine organic solvent such as trichloroethane. Adhesion of the polyolefin resin with a molded article or film or interlayer adhesion to a base coat and / or top coat, gasohol resistance, moisture resistance, impact resistance, flex resistance, etc. Gives a good coating film, and aromatic organic solvents such as toluene and xylene, aliphatic organic solvents such as cyclohexane, ketones such as methyl ethyl ketone, esters such as ethyl acetate, and heterocyclic organic solvents such as dioxane. Chlorination in which dispersed or dissolved solution has low temperature stability with excellent low temperature solution flowability, low temperature stability, sprayability and workability To an improved method for producing Li olefins or acid-modified chlorinated polyolefins.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In general, polyolefin resins are relatively inexpensive and have excellent performance such as chemical resistance, water resistance, heat resistance and the like, and are used in a wide range of industrial materials such as automobile parts. However, polyolefin resins have excellent characteristics as described above, but are crystalline and do not have functional groups rich in reactivity on the surface. Therefore, base materials such as molded products and films of polyolefin resins It is difficult to apply or paint on. In order to improve this, an attempt has been made to improve the adhesion of the coating film by modifying the surface of the resin molded product or film by a physical method such as acid treatment, corona discharge or plasma treatment. In order to improve the adhesion of such a coating film, chlorination is carried out by modifying polyolefins such as JP-B-1-16414 and chlorinating them with unsaturated carboxylic acids or their acid anhydrides. A polyolefin resin composition has been proposed.
[0003]
In general, chlorinated polyolefins or acid-modified polyolefins having a chlorine content of 10 to 45% by weight as described above have higher adhesion to polyolefin moldings or films, and further have solvent resistance and gasohol resistance as the chlorine content increases. Therefore, it is desirable to set the chlorine content as low as possible. However, when the chlorine content is too low, the solution state is deteriorated and there is a disadvantage of gelation. For this reason, the handling work is greatly restricted especially at low temperatures in winter. If the solution concentration of the low chlorinated polyolefin is lowered, the low temperature fluidity can be improved to some extent. However, when processed into a paint, the dispersibility of the pigment is lowered and the transportation cost is increased. Furthermore, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 6-306227 proposes improvement of the above-mentioned problems by using a mixed solvent of alicyclic hydrocarbon and aromatic hydrocarbon. In this case, mixing is performed when processing into a paint. However, there is a problem such as precipitation of another resin mixed due to a difference in solubility with other resin.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The present invention solves the above problems and has good adhesion to polyolefins without impairing solution fluidity at low temperatures of chlorinated polyolefins or acid-modified chlorinated polyolefins having a low chlorine content, and Provided is a method for producing a solution of chlorinated polyolefins or acid-modified chlorinated polyolefins dispersed or dissolved in the organic solvent for use in paints, primers, inks or adhesives having excellent gasohol resistance. For the purpose.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In the present invention, the polyolefin is heated in a solution of a chlorinated solvent to which water is not added, so that the temperature of the solution is at least 110 ° C., and then at least 100 ° C. in the presence or absence of a radical catalyst. Maintaining a uniform solution state at a temperature, blowing in chlorine gas while controlling pressure, chlorinating polyolefin produced by chlorinating the chlorine content to 10 to 45% by weight, one epoxy group per molecule It is a manufacturing method of the chlorinated polyolefin composition characterized by mix | blending the compound which has.
In the present invention, the polyolefin is a modified polyolefin graft-modified using 0.1 to 10% by weight of one or more compounds selected from α, β-unsaturated carboxylic acid and acid anhydrides thereof. (Referred to as acid-modified polyolefin) may be used, and the dissolution temperature may be 120 to 140 ° C.
In the present invention, the polyolefin is polypropylene, polyethylene, a propylene-α-olefin copolymer containing 10 to 99 mol% of a propylene component, and a propylene-ethylene-butene copolymer containing 5 to 99 mol% of a propylene component. It may be at least one selected from a polymer and poly (4-methylpentene-1), or may be an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer.
[0006]
In the present invention, the reason why water is not added to the reaction system is that, when the charged resin is an acid-modified polyolefin, the hydrophilicity is strong, so that when water is added, hydrochloric acid generated after the reaction cannot be separated. The melting temperature in the present invention is at least 110 ° C. Below 110 ° C, dissolution is insufficient. More preferably, it is 120 degreeC, and makes 140 degreeC a limit. If the melting is performed at a temperature exceeding 140 ° C., the polyolefin or the acid-modified polyolefin is thermally denatured and adversely affects the physical properties, so that it cannot be employed in the present invention. In addition, the dissolution time is at least 100 ° C. and 1 hour or more, but at temperatures below 100 ° C., even if the time is extended, it depends on the balance with the polarity of the polyolefins used, the molecular weight, or the polarity of the chlorinated solvent used. A sufficient effect cannot be obtained because of different dissolution states. On the other hand, if the temperature exceeds 140 ° C., thermal modification of the chlorinated polyolefin occurs regardless of the time, which is not suitable.
[0007]
The modified polyolefins used in the present invention can be produced by a known method. An example of the production method is as follows. A polyolefin resin such as polypropylene, polyethylene, ethylene-propylene copolymer, ethylene-butene copolymer or the like is dissolved singly or in combination of two or more, and if necessary, heat is added. A polyolefin-dissolved resin modified by decomposition can be obtained by graft modification with an α, β-unsaturated carboxylic acid and / or an acid anhydride thereof in the presence or absence of a radical generator. Examples of the radical generator used in the graft modification reaction include di-tert-butyl perphthalate, tert-butyl hydroperoxide, dicumyl peroxide, benzoyl peroxide, tert-butyl peroxybenzoate, and tert-butyl paraffin. -Peroxides such as oxyethylhexanoate, tert-butyl peroxypivalate, methyl ethyl ketone peroxide, di-tert-butyl peroxide, azobisisobutyronitrile, azobisisopropionitrile, etc. There are azonitriles. Examples of the α, β-unsaturated carboxylic acid and / or acid anhydride thereof used in the graft modification reaction include maleic acid, maleic anhydride, fumaric acid, citraconic acid, citraconic anhydride, mesaconic acid, and itaconic acid. Itaconic anhydride, aconitic acid, aconitic anhydride, hymic anhydride and the like can be used, and one or two or more are used.
[0008]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The chlorination degree of the chlorinated product of the polyolefins or acid-modified polyolefins obtained by graft modification with the α, β-unsaturated carboxylic acid and / or acid anhydride thereof used in the present invention is 10 to 45% by weight. The range is preferably 18 to 28% by weight. If the degree of chlorination is lower than 10% by weight, the difference in polarity from organic solvents used in varnishes, paints, etc. becomes large, and even at room temperature, the dissolved state is poor and the solution stability is poor. On the other hand, if the degree of chlorination is higher than 45% by weight, a difference in polarity from the polyolefin resin, which is the object to be coated, is caused, the adhesion is lowered, and the crystallinity is completely lost, so that the gasohol resistance is lowered. The graft modification amount of the α, β-unsaturated carboxylic acid and / or acid anhydride of the chlorinated acid-modified polyolefin is 0.1 to 10% by weight, preferably 0.5 to 3.0% by weight. . When the modification amount is lower than 0.1% by weight, the solvent resistance is deteriorated, and when the modification amount is higher than 10% by weight, the interlayer adhesion to the base coat and / or the top coat is lowered.
[0009]
As the chlorinated solvent used in the present invention, chlorinated solvents such as chloroform, tetrachloroethylene, chlorobenzene and the like are suitable. As the radical generator used for the chlorination reaction, compounds similar to the peroxides and azonitriles used for the modification reaction can be used. In addition, a photochemical reaction by ultraviolet rays or the like can also be used for the radical generator.
[0010]
Examples of the compound having one epoxy group per molecule and / or resin used as a stabilizer in the present invention include phenyl glycidyl ether, 2-methylphenyl glycidyl ether, and tert-butylphenyl glycidyl ether. -Ter, 4-chlorophenyl glycidyl ether, 4-methoxyphenyl glycidyl ether, 2-biphenyl glycidyl ether, 1-naphthyl glycidyl ether, methyl glycidyl ether, isopropyl glycidyl ether, butyl glycidyl There are ether, tert-butyl glycidyl ether, 2-ethyl glycidyl ether and the like, and the effect becomes more remarkable when these are used alone or in combination.
[0011]
Solvents of chlorinated polyolefins or acid-modified chlorinated polyolefins at the time of practical application to the varnish or paint used in the present invention include aromatic organic solvents such as toluene and xylene, cyclohexane, N, N-dimethyl Aliphatic organic solvents such as formamide, ketones such as methyl ethyl ketone and methyl isobutyl ketone, esters such as methyl acetate and ethyl acetate, and heterocyclic organic solvents such as dioxane and tetrahydrofuran are preferred.
[0012]
[Action]
The feature of the present invention is that it further improves the properties of low-temperature stable chlorinated polyolefins or acid-modified chlorinated polyolefins with good adhesion to molded products or films of polyolefins and low chlorine content. There is to make it. In other words, chlorinated polyolefins or acid-modified chlorinated polyolefins have less polarity difference from the polyolefin resin as the coating object as the chlorine content decreases, and the adhesion to the polyolefin resin becomes better. Although the liquidity is also improved, the difference in polarity from organic solvents used in varnishes and paints is large, and the solution state is poor even at room temperature because the dissolved state is poor. For this reason, workability is remarkably deteriorated, and handling work at low temperatures in winter is greatly limited. However, at least the melting step of the present invention is 110 ° C., and the chlorination method is used in a homogeneous dissolution state of at least 100 ° C. As a result, chlorinated polyolefins or acid-modified chlorinated polyolefins having excellent solution fluidity at low temperatures and excellent solution stability, and good adhesion to polyolefin and gasohol resistance can be obtained. It has been confirmed by the present inventors as a result of the present inventors that the following effects can be obtained by having the dissolution step at least 110 ° C. of the present invention and the chlorination step at a uniform dissolution of at least 100 ° C. That is,
(1) Polyolefins used as a raw material have crystallinity, and by taking a sufficient dissolution step, the crystallinity is lost before chlorination, and the molecular orientation and folding structure are lowered. In this state, since chlorine atoms are bonded, even if the chlorine content is low, the chlorine atoms are uniformly substituted in the polyolefin molecule and easily dissolved in the organic solvent even at a low temperature.
(2) If the modified part of the acid-modified polyolefin used as a raw material remains as a carboxylic acid, it will not dissolve in a chlorinated solvent, and therefore the crystallinity will not be lost even if the effect of (1) is expected. However, the carboxylic acid is converted into an acid anhydride by a dissolution process at 120 to 140 ° C. for 1 to 2 hours, and thus the modified portion is sufficiently dissolved in the chlorinated solvent. This can sufficiently destroy the crystallinity of the polyolefins. However, this effect cannot be achieved below 120 ° C. This is shown in [Chemical Formula 1] as a model structure.
From the above, it has become possible to produce low-temperature stable chlorinated polyolefins or low-temperature stable acid-modified chlorinated polyolefins having good solution fluidity at low temperatures only by the production method of the present invention.
[0013]
[Chemical 1]
Figure 0003727744
[0014]
【Example】
EXAMPLES Next, although an Example demonstrates this invention, this invention is not limited to these.
[Example 1]
10 kg of isotactic polypropylene (Mw = about 35000) and 90 kg of chloroform were added to a glass-lined pressure reactor, and after replacing with nitrogen for about 5 minutes, the mixture was heated to 120 ° C. with stirring, and heated to 120 ° C. to 140 ° C. It took 1 hour to dissolve. Next, it is allowed to cool until the temperature in the pressure can reaches 110 ° C., and when it reaches 110 ° C., 100 g of di-tert-butyl peroxide is added, and chlorine gas is suppressed while suppressing the pressure in the can to 4 Kg t / cm 2. Infused. After blowing 7.7 kg of chlorine gas over 3 hours, nitrogen gas was blown to remove unreacted chlorine gas and hydrogen chloride. The solvent chloroform was distilled off and replaced with toluene to obtain a 20 wt% toluene solution of chlorinated polypropylene (chlorine content: 26.2 wt%). Add 4% by weight of Denacol EX-146 (manufactured by Nagase Chemicals Co., Ltd .: epoxy equivalent, epoxy compound of 180) to the 20% by weight toluene solution of the resulting composition and stir well. A varnish was obtained. Hereinafter, the varnishes of Examples and Comparative Examples are those obtained by adding 4% by weight of Denacol EX-146 to a chlorinated resin in a 20% by weight toluene solution and sufficiently stirring and dissolving.
[0015]
[Comparative Example 1]
10 kg of isotactic polypropylene and 90 kg of chloroform used in Example 1 were added to a glass-lined pressure reactor, and after nitrogen substitution was performed for about 5 minutes, the mixture was heated to 100 ° C. with stirring, and between 100 and 110 ° C. And dissolved in 1 hour. After 1 hour, 100 g of di-tert-butyl peroxide was added, and chlorine gas was blown in while controlling the internal pressure of the can at 4 Kg f / cm 2 . After blowing 7.7 kg of chlorine gas over 3 hours, nitrogen gas was blown to remove unreacted chlorine gas and hydrogen chloride. After distilling off the solvent chloroform, the solvent was replaced with toluene to obtain a varnish by making a 20 wt% toluene solution of chlorinated polypropylene (chlorine content: 26.1 wt%).
[0016]
[Example 2]
Isotactic polypropylene (Mw = about 35000) 38.8 kg, maleic anhydride 2.3 kg, diclumiperoxide 0.8 kg and toluene 58.1 kg were added to an autoclave equipped with a stirrer, and nitrogen substitution was performed. After about 5 minutes, the reaction was carried out at 140 ° C. for 5 hours with heating and stirring. After completion of the reaction, the reaction solution was put into a large amount of methyl ethyl ketone to precipitate a resin. This resin was further washed several times with methyl ethyl ketone to remove unreacted maleic anhydride to obtain a maleic anhydride-modified polypropylene resin having a melt flow rate of 550 g / 10 min (150 ° C.). This maleic anhydride-modified polypropylene resin was chlorinated by blowing 6.2 kg of chlorine gas in exactly the same manner as in Example 1 to obtain a chlorinated maleic anhydride-modified polypropylene (chlorine content: 20.2 wt%) to prepare a varnish. .
[0017]
[Comparative Example 2]
Using the same resin as the maleic anhydride-modified resin used in Example 2, 6.2 kg of chlorine gas was blown into the chlorinated material in the same manner as in Comparative Example 1 to obtain chlorinated maleic anhydride-modified polypropylene (chlorine content: 20. 0 wt%) was obtained to prepare a varnish.
[0018]
[Example 3]
A maleic anhydride-modified polyolefin was obtained in the same manner as in Example 2 using an ethylene-propylene copolymer (Mw = 45000) containing 95 mol% of a propylene component as a raw material. This maleic anhydride-modified resin was chlorinated by blowing 7.0 kg of chlorine gas in the same manner as in Example 1 to obtain a chlorinated maleic anhydride-modified polyolefin (chlorine content: 22.3% by weight) to prepare a varnish.
[0019]
[Comparative Example 3]
Using the same resin as the maleic anhydride-modified resin used in Example 3, 7.0 kg of chlorine gas was blown and chlorinated in the same manner as in Comparative Example 1 to obtain a chlorinated maleic anhydride-modified polyolefin (chlorine content: 22. 1% by weight) to obtain a varnish.
[0020]
[Example 4]
Using ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (MFR = 15.1, vinyl acetate content 28.5%) as a raw material, chlorinated ethylene-acetic acid was chlorinated by blowing 6.0 kg of chlorine gas in the same manner as in Example 1. A vinyl copolymer (chlorine content: 21.7% by weight) was obtained to prepare a varnish.
[0021]
[Comparative Example 4]
Using the same resin as the ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer used in Example 4, in the same manner as in Comparative Example 1, 6.0 kg of chlorine gas was blown into the chlorinated chlorinated maleic anhydride modified polyolefin (chlorine Content: 21.0% by weight) to obtain a varnish.
[0022]
The performance evaluation results of Examples 1 to 4 and Comparative Examples 1 to 4 were compared and shown in [Table 1] [Table 2] [Table 3].
The performance evaluation method was performed according to the following procedure.
(1) Appearance judgment: Check the properties of the solution when stored at 25 ° C, 10 ° C, -5 ° C. A varnish having a concentration of 20% by weight of the chlorinated polyolefins produced in Examples and Comparative Examples is charged into a 500 ml glass bottle. Immerse in an oil bath with a stirrer at 25 ° C., 10 ° C., and −5 ° C. and let stand for 1 week. One week later, the viscosity was measured with a viscometer (B-type viscometer manufactured by Tokyo Keiki Co., Ltd .; B-8M) at each temperature, and changes in viscosity and changes in appearance were confirmed. Further, the particle size of the solution was measured with a particle gauge (50 μm) (according to JIS K 5400) at each temperature, and the presence or absence of gel generation was confirmed.
(2) Interlayer adhesion: The surface of a polypropylene plate (Mitsui Noblen SB-E3, press-molded by a conventional method, 100 mm × 50 mm, thickness 2 mm) was washed with isopropyl alcohol. No. 3 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3 were dried using an air-type spray gun (F-88 type, manufactured by Meiji Machinery Co., Ltd.), and the coating amount was 5 to 5%. The coating was performed so as to be 10 g / m 2 . Drying was performed at 80 ° C. for 10 minutes and allowed to cool to room temperature. Next, the urethane paint (Letane PG80 manufactured by Kansai Paint Co., Ltd.) and the thinner were dried and then coated with an air spray gun so that the coating amount was 50 to 60 g / m 2 . Drying was performed at 80 ° C. for 45 minutes, and the test was performed after returning to room temperature for 24 hours. In the evaluation, 100 squares are formed at 1 mm intervals reaching the substrate on the coating surface, and a cellophane tape is pressure-bonded thereon and peeled off at an angle of 90 degrees with respect to the coating surface, and the remaining number of squares is examined. It was.
(3) Interlayer adhesion after immersion in warm water: The polypropylene plate coated by the method of (2) was immersed in tap water kept at 40 ° C. for 240 hours and evaluated by the same method as in (2).
(4) Gasohol resistance: 120 minutes immersion in gasohol (regular gasoline: ethanol = 90: 10 (weight ratio)) maintained at 20 ° C. with the polypropylene plate coated by the method of (2) Then, the state of the coating film was examined.
(5) Peel strength: The varnish was adjusted to 12% by weight, applied to an untreated polypropylene film (film thickness 60 μm) with Barco-coater No. 32, and dried at room temperature for 12 hours. Overlap, heat sealing was performed under pressure bonding conditions of 150 ° C. × 1 kg / cm 2 × 1 second, and after 24 hours, a 180 ° peel test was performed using Tensilon. The pulling speed was 200 mm / min. The number of measurements was 10 points, and the average value of the results obtained was determined.
[0022]
[Table 1]
Figure 0003727744
[0023]
[Table 2]
Figure 0003727744
[0024]
[Table 3]
Figure 0003727744
[0025]
【The invention's effect】
(1) From the results of [Table 1], Examples 1 to 3 have chlorinated polyolefins having a low chlorine content by a chlorination method having a dissolution step of 110 ° C. or higher and a uniform dissolution state of 100 ° C. or higher. This is a result of varnishing the chlorinated product. The low temperature fluidity at -5 ° C was good. On the other hand, Comparative Examples 1 to 3 are chlorinated products produced by a chlorination method that does not have a melting step at high temperature, but the solution fluidity tends to deteriorate from around 10 ° C. From this, it has the effect that the low temperature fluidity is improved even if the chlorinated product produced by the chlorination method having a dissolution step of 110 ° C. or higher and in a uniform dissolution state of 100 ° C. or higher is a solution with a single solvent. Play.
(2) From the results of [Table 2] and [Table 3], a chlorinated product having a melting step of 110 ° C. or more and produced by a chlorination method in a uniform dissolution state of 100 ° C. or more has a melting step at a high temperature. The peel strength, adhesion, gasohol resistance and the like are not deteriorated as compared with the chlorinated product produced by the chlorination method.
In short, the present invention has a melting step of at least 110 ° C. for chlorinated polyolefins having a low chlorine content, which are difficult to use because they are inherently poor in low-temperature solution flowability and solution stability and are extremely inferior in workability. Producing chlorinated polyolefins or acid-modified chlorinated polyolefins with good low-temperature solution fluidity and solution stability and other coating film properties by producing them by chlorination in a uniformly dissolved state of at least 100 ° C As a result, the present invention has been completed, and the effect is remarkable.

Claims (4)

ポリオレフィンを、水を添加しない塩素系溶剤の溶液中で昇温して、該溶液の温度が少なくとも110℃で溶解せしめ、次いでラジカル触媒の存在下又は不存在下、少なくとも100℃の温度で均一な溶液状態を保持して、圧力制御を行いながら塩素ガスを吹き込み、塩素含有率が10〜45重量%まで塩素化して製造した塩素化ポリオレフィンに、1分子当り1個のエポキシ基を有する化合物を配合することを特徴とする、塩素化ポリオレフィン組成物の製造法。  The polyolefin is heated in a solution of a chlorinated solvent to which water is not added, so that the temperature of the solution is at least 110 ° C., and then uniform at a temperature of at least 100 ° C. in the presence or absence of a radical catalyst. A compound having one epoxy group per molecule is blended with chlorinated polyolefin produced by chlorinating chlorine gas to 10 to 45 wt% while maintaining the solution state and controlling pressure. A process for producing a chlorinated polyolefin composition, characterized by comprising: ポリオレフィンが、α,β−不飽和カルボン酸およびその酸無水物から選ばれた1種又は2種以上の化合物を0.1〜10重量%使用してグラフト変性された変性ポリオレフィン(酸変性ポリオレフィンという)であり、かつ溶解温度が120〜140℃であることを特徴とする、請求項1記載の塩素化ポリオレフィン組成物の製造法。  Modified polyolefin (referred to as acid-modified polyolefin) in which polyolefin is graft-modified using 0.1 to 10% by weight of one or more compounds selected from α, β-unsaturated carboxylic acid and acid anhydrides thereof The method for producing a chlorinated polyolefin composition according to claim 1, wherein the melting temperature is 120 to 140 ° C. ポリオレフィンが、ポリプロピレン、ポリエチレン、プロピレン成分を10〜99モル%含有するプロピレン−α−オレフィン共重合体、プロピレン成分を5〜99モル%含有するプロピレン−エチレン−ブテン共重合体およびポリ(4−メチルペンテン−1)から選択される少なくとも1種であることを特徴とする、請求項1または2記載の塩素化ポリオレフィン組成物の製造法。  Polypropylene, polyethylene, a propylene-α-olefin copolymer containing 10 to 99 mol% of a propylene component, a propylene-ethylene-butene copolymer containing 5 to 99 mol% of a propylene component, and poly (4-methyl) The method for producing a chlorinated polyolefin composition according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that it is at least one selected from pentene-1). ポリオレフィンがエチレン−酢酸ビニル共重合体であることを特徴とする、請求項1記載の塩素化ポリオレフィン組成物の製造法。  The method for producing a chlorinated polyolefin composition according to claim 1, wherein the polyolefin is an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer.
JP35201996A 1996-12-10 1996-12-10 Method for producing chlorinated polyolefin composition Expired - Fee Related JP3727744B2 (en)

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JP2000198807A (en) 1998-10-30 2000-07-18 Nippon Paper Industries Co Ltd Binder resin for polyolefin resin, its production and use
JP4904627B2 (en) * 2001-02-27 2012-03-28 日本製紙株式会社 Resin solution composition with good solution properties
ES2248569T3 (en) 2001-06-29 2006-03-16 Toyo Kasei Kogyo Company Limited COMPOSITION OF BINDING SALT SOLUTION, COATINGS, INKS, ADHESIVES AND PRINTERS.
JP4168228B2 (en) 2001-06-29 2008-10-22 東洋化成工業株式会社 Binder resin solution composition with good low temperature fluidity
KR100656110B1 (en) 2001-12-28 2006-12-12 닛폰세이시가부시키가이샤 Binder resin compositions, production process, and use thereof
JP2004217807A (en) * 2003-01-16 2004-08-05 Nippon Paper Chemicals Co Ltd Chlorinated polyolefin-based resin solution having good stability at low temperature
JP2005200503A (en) 2004-01-14 2005-07-28 National Institute Of Advanced Industrial & Technology Copolymer of propylene and conjugated diene and its manufacturing method

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