JP3723600B2

JP3723600B2 - Switch structure

Info

Publication number: JP3723600B2
Application number: JP09096995A
Authority: JP
Inventors: 収村瀬; 秀和舟橋
Original assignee: Tokai Rika Co Ltd
Current assignee: Tokai Rika Co Ltd
Priority date: 1995-04-17
Filing date: 1995-04-17
Publication date: 2005-12-07
Anticipated expiration: 2020-12-07
Also published as: JPH08287777A

Description

【０００１】
【産業上の利用分野】
本発明は、回動操作により中立位置からいずれの方向にもそれぞれ回動位置に応じて複数の接点切り換えをなし、操作を止めると中立位置へ自動復帰する、いわゆる、自動復元式の多段スイッチの構造に関する。
【０００２】
【従来の技術及び発明が解決しようとする課題】
自動復元式のスイッチでは、可動接点側の可動部材が固定接点側の固定部材に対して回動操作されて、中立位置からいずれの方向にも回動位置に応じて接点切り換えをなし、操作を止めると中立位置へ自動復帰する。可動部材と固定部材との間には節度山と節度ボールとを備えて、接点の切り換えについて節度感を得るようにしている。
【０００３】
しかし、そのような節度山と節度ボールとを備えた手段では、回動操作により中立位置からいずれの方向にもそれぞれ回動位置に応じて２段階に接点切り換えをなす、いわゆる、片側２接点のスイッチ切り換えをなす場合に、それぞれの接点の切り換えについて節度間を得るのは困難である。
【０００４】
本発明は上記事実を考慮し、それぞれの接点の切り換えについて節度感を得て、回動操作により中立位置からいずれの方向にもそれぞれ回動位置に応じて複数の接点切り換えをなし、操作を止めれば自動復帰することを容易に実現するスイッチ構造を提供することを目的とする。
【０００５】
上記課題を解決するために、請求項１に係る本発明のスイッチ構造は、
一方の縁（４０）と前記一方の縁（４０）に対して所定距離離間して位置する他方の縁（４４）と前記一方の縁（４０）と前記他方の縁（４４）との間に位置する中間の縁（４２）とを有すると共に、固定接点（２６）を有する固定部材（１０）と、
前記固定部材（１０）に対して重ねて配置されると共に前記固定部材（１０）に対して前記一方の縁（４０）の側及び前記他方の縁（４４）の側へ相対移動可能に設けられ、中立位置で前記一方の縁（４０）に対応する一方の縁（３４）と前記一方の縁（３４）に対して所定距離離間して位置する他方の縁（３６）と前記一方の縁（３４）と前記他方の縁（３６）との間に位置する中間の縁（３８）とを有すると共に、前記固定接点（２６）に対応する可動接点（２８）を有し、操作により前記中立位置から前記一方の縁（４０）の側及び前記他方の縁（４４）の側へ移動し、いずれの側にもそれぞれの操作位置に応じて複数の接点切り換えをなす可動部材（２０）と、
連結部（５２）により直列に連結された第１捩じりコイルばね部（４８）及び第２捩じりコイルばね部（５０）を有し、前記中立位置において前記第１捩じりコイルばね部（４８）の自由部（５４）が前記中間の縁（３８）に当接可能に対向した状態で前記他方の縁（４４）に係止されると共に、前記連結部（５２）が前記一方の縁（４０）及び前記一方の縁（３４）に係止され、かつ、前記第２捩じりコイルばね部（５０）の自由部（５６）が前記中間の縁（４２）に当接可能に対向した状態で前記他方の縁（３６）に係止された捩じりコイルばね（４６）と、
を備え、
かつ、前記可動部材（２０）が前記中立位置から前記一方の縁（４０）の側へ移動する場合には、前記第１捩じりコイルばね部（４８）の前記自由部（５４）に対して前記連結部（５２）及び前記第２捩じりコイルばね部（５０）の前記自由部（５６）が移動されることで前記可動部材（２０）に前記第１捩じりコイルばね部（４８）の付勢力を作用させ、前記可動部材（２０）が接点切り換えをなす操作位置に達して前記第２捩じりコイルばね部（５０）の前記自由部（５６）が前記中間の縁（４２）に当接してから前記可動部材（２０）が次の接点切り換えをなす操作位置へ移動するときに前記第１捩じりコイルばね部（４８）の付勢力に加えて前記第２捩じりコイルばね部（５０）の付勢力を前記可動部材（２０）に作用させると共に、前記可動部材（２０）が前記中立位置から前記他方の縁（４４）の側へ移動する場合には、前記連結部（５２）に対して前記第２捩じりコイルばね部（５０）の前記自由部（５６）が移動されることで前記可動部材（２０）に第２捩じりコイルばね部（５０）の付勢力を作用させ、前記可動部材（２０）が接点切り換えをなす操作位置に達して前記第１捩じりコイルばね部（４８）の前記自由部（５４）が前記中間の縁（３８）に当接してから前記可動部材（２０）が次の接点切り換えをなす操作位置へ移動するときに前記第２捩じりコイルばね部（５０）の付勢力に加えて前記第１捩じりコイルばね部（４８）の付勢力を前記可動部材（２０）に作用させる、
ことを特徴とする。
【０００８】
【作用】
上記構成によれば、操作により可動部材（２０）が中立位置から一方の縁（４０）の側へ移動するとき、第１捩じりコイルばね部（４８）の付勢力が作用する。第２捩じりコイルばね部（５０）の付勢力は可動部材（２０）が接点切り換えをなす操作位置へ達するまで作用しない。可動部材（２０）が接点切り換えをなす操作位置へ達すると、固定部材（１０）の固定接点（２６）と可動部材（２０）の可動接点（２８）との間で接点の切り換えが行われる。
【０００９】
その接点切り換えをなす操作位置から次の接点切り換えをなす操作位置へ可動部材（２０）が移動するとき、第２捩じりコイルばね部（５０）の付勢力が、上記第１捩じりコイルばね部（４８）の付勢力に加えて作用する。可動部材（２０）が次の接点切り換えをなす操作位置へ達すると、固定部材（１０）の固定接点（２６）と可動部材（２０）の可動接点（２８）との間で次の接点の切り換えが行われる。
【００１０】
逆の操作により可動部材（２０）が中立位置から他方の縁（４４）の側へ移動するとき、第２捩じりコイルばね部（５０）の付勢力が作用する。第１捩じりコイルばね部（４８）の付勢力は可動部材（２０）が接点切り換えをなす操作位置へ達するまで作用しない。可動部材（２０）が、接点切り換えをなす操作位置へ達すると、固定部材（１０）の固定接点（２６）と可動部材（２０）の可動接点（２８）との間で接点の切り換えが行われる。
【００１１】
その接点切り換えをなす操作位置から次の接点切り換えをなす操作位置へ可動部材（２０）が移動するとき、第１捩じりコイルばね部（４８）の付勢力が、上記第２捩じりコイルばね部（５０）の付勢力に加えて作用する。可動部材（２０）が次の接点切り換えをなす操作位置へ達すると、固定部材（１０）の固定接点（２６）と可動部材（２０）の可動接点（２８）との間で次の接点の切り換えが行われる。
【００１２】
可動部材（２０）は、いずれの側へ移動してもその操作を止めれば、第１捩じりコイルばね部（４８）の付勢力、第２捩じりコイルばね部（５０）の付勢力によって中立位置へ復帰する。
【００１３】
これにより、いずれの側の操作にあっても、可動部材（２０）が中立位置から接点切り換えをなす操作位置へ移動するときに、第１捩じりコイルばね部（４８）の付勢力又は第２捩じりコイルばね部（５０）の付勢力が作用することによる節度感を得るとともに、その接点切り換えをなす操作位置に達して次の接点切り換えをなす操作位置へ移動するときには、第１捩じりコイルばね部（４８）の付勢力と第２捩じりコイルばね部（５０）の付勢力との両者が共に作用することによる節度感を得る。
【００１４】
従って、それぞれの接点の切り換えについて節度感を得て、操作により中立位置からいずれの側にもそれぞれ操作位置に応じて複数の接点切り換えをなし、操作を止めれば自動復帰することが容易に実現される。
【００１５】
なお、操作が一方の縁（４０）の側であるときの接点切り換えをなす操作位置と、操作が他方の縁（４４）の側であるときの接点切り換えをなす操作位置とは、中立位置を介して同一の位置関係をなす必要はない。
【００１６】
具体的には、可動部材（２０）が中立位置から一方の縁（４０）の側へ移動するとき、第１捩じりコイルばね部（４８）は、この自由部（５４）が他方の縁（４４）に係止されて移動しないのに対して連結部（５２）が一方の縁（３４）に係止されて可動部材（２０）と共に移動して、第１捩じりコイルばね部（４８）の付勢力が作用する。このとき、第２捩じりコイルばね部（５０）は、この自由部（５６）が他方の縁（３６）に係止されると共に連結部（５２）が一方の縁（３４）に係止されて可動部材（２０）と共に移動し、第２捩じりコイルばね部（５０）の付勢力は作用しない。
【００１７】
可動部材（２０）が接点切り換えをなす操作位置へ達すると、第２捩じりコイルばね部（５０）の自由部（５６）が中間の縁（４２）と当接する。可動部材（２０）が、その当接以後に次の接点切り換えをなす操作位置へ移動するとき、第２捩じりコイルばね部（５０）は、この連結部（５２）が移動するのに対して自由部（５６）が移動せず、第２捩じりコイルばね部（５０）の付勢力が作用する。
【００１８】
なお、捩じりコイルばね（４６）については、それを構成する第１捩じりコイルばね部（４８）及び第２捩じりコイルばね部（５０）が互いに逆の向きに巻回されて直列状に配置され、第１捩じりコイルばね部（４８）の一方の端部と第２捩じりコイルばね部（５０）の一方の端部とが対向してそれらが連結されてなる構成が可能である。
【００２０】
【実施例】
本発明に係るスイッチ構造の一実施例を図１乃至図６に基づき説明する。
【００２１】
図１及び図２に示すように、ケース（固定部材）１０が外筒１２と内筒１４とで同軸な２重円筒状に形成される。外筒１２は一端が開放されて他端が閉成された底１６付きとされ、内筒１４は、一端が外筒１２の底１６を貫通して両端共に開放されている。内筒１４内には、シャフト１８が貫通支持され、シャフト１８の一端部は内筒１４の一端から突出されて突出端部にはフランジ的に円板状のホルダ（可動部材）２０が同軸に嵌着される。シャフト１８の他端部は内筒１４の他端から突出されてその突出端部には操作レバー２２の基端部が嵌着される。操作レバー２２を回動操作することにより、シャフト１８とホルダ２０とを一体に回動させることができる。
【００２２】
ケース１０の外筒１２の開放端は、蓋プレート２４（固定部材）で閉成され、図２に示すように、蓋プレート２４の内面には、固定接点２６が設けられ、固定接点２６に対応してホルダ２０には可動接点２８が設けられる。ホルダ２０の回動位置に応じて、固定接点２６と可動接点２８との間では接点の切り換えが可能であり、中立位置を介して一方向（ホルダ２０の側から操作レバー２２を見たときに反時計方向）Ｂと、その反対方向（ホルダ２０の側から操作レバー２２を見たときに時計方向）Ｃとの両方向にそれぞれ２つの接点切り換えをなす回動位置を得る。回動位置を中立位置Ａからの角度θ（反時計方向を−、時計方向を＋）で示せば、反時計方向第１回動位置−θ₁、反時計方向第２回動位置−θ₂を得るとともに、時計方向第１回動位置＋θ₁、時計方向第２回動位置＋θ₂を得る。
【００２３】
ホルダ２０の周部には、ホルダ２０と一体に可動板状部（作動手段）３０が設けられ、可動板状部３０は軸方向から見て円弧状とされて、内筒１４と外筒１２との間に介在すべく延出される。外筒１２の内周面は、中立位置で可動板状部３０の外周面と対向する部分が肉厚に形成されてそこが固定板状部（作動手段）３２とされる。
【００２４】
可動板状部３０の反時計方向の側の縁（可動係止部）３４はストレートであるが、可動板状部３０の時計方向の側の縁は段差が形成され、ホルダ２０側の半分部分に相当する縁（可動係止部）３６は、縁３４から時計方向へ９０°の角度位置にあり、可動板状部３０延出側の半分部分に相当する縁（可動当接部）３８は、縁３４から時計方向へ４５°の角度位置にある。固定板状部３２の縁のうちの反時計方向の側の縁（固定係止部）４０は、ストレートとされ、時計方向の縁は、可動板状部３０とは逆に段差形成され、縁３６に対応する側の縁（固定係止部）４２が、縁４０から時計方向へ４５°の角度位置にあり、縁３８に対応する側の縁（固定当接部）４４は、縁４０から時計方向へ９０°の角度位置にある。中立位置では、可動板状部３０の縁３４と固定板状部３２の縁４０とが同一角度位置にあり、可動板状部３０の縁３６と固定板状部３２の縁４４とが同一角度位置にあり、可動板状部３０の縁３８と固定板状部３２の縁４２とが同一角度位置にある。
【００２５】
可動板状部３０と固定板状部３２との間には、ダブルトーション型の捩じりコイルばね（付勢手段（作動手段））４６が装着される。図３にも示すように、捩じりコイルばね４６は、同軸状に配置されて互いに逆向きに巻回された一対の捩じりコイルばね部（第１付勢部としての第１捩じりコイルばね部４８、第２付勢部としての第２捩じりコイルばね部５０）で構成され、それら捩じりコイルばね部４８、５０の対向する端部（第１捩じりコイルばね部４８の一方の端部、第２捩じりコイルばね部５０の一端部）は、半径方向外方へコ字型に屈曲されて連結されてそこが連結部５２とされ、第１捩じりコイルばね部４８の他方の端部、第２捩じりコイルばね部５０の他方の端部は、半径方向外方へ直線状に屈曲されてそこがそれぞれ自由部５４、５６とされる。
【００２６】
捩じりコイルばね４６は、軸方向から見て連結部５２と自由部５４、５６とが略同一角度位置にある自由状態（図３（Ａ）に実線で示す）から、自由部５４、５６が連結部５２に対して９０°時計方向へ相対回動して付勢力を得た状態（図３（Ａ）に鎖線で示す）に変形されて装着される。すなわち、捩じりコイルばね４６は、第１捩じりコイルばね部４８、第２捩じりコイルばね部５０が共に同一の初期巻き角度（９０°）とされて装着される。
【００２７】
すなわち、中立位置において、捩じりコイルばね４６は、自由部５４が固定板状部３２の縁４４に係止され、連結部５２が可動板状部３０の縁３４と固定板状部３２の縁４０との両者に係止され、自由部５６が可動板状部３０の縁３６に係止される。その中立位置において、自由部５４は、可動板状部３０の縁３８と離間され、自由部５６は、固定板状部３２の縁４２と離間されている。この装着状態では、第１捩じりコイルばね部４８の付勢力、第２捩じりコイルばね部５０の付勢力はそれぞれ、初期トルクＴ₀（図５を参照）でホルダ２０を中立位置へ付勢する。
【００２８】
図４及び図５に基づき、ホルダ２０が中立位置（図４（Ａ））から反時計方向Ｂに回動操作される場合について説明すると、図４（Ｂ）に示すように、自由部５４の反時計方向の移動は固定板状部３２の縁４４に阻止されるが、連結部５２の反時計方向の移動は、可動板状部３０の縁３４で押されて可能となる。一方、自由部５６は、可動板状部３０の縁３６に追随して反時計方向の移動が可能となる。従って、ホルダ２０が中立位置から反時計方向に回動操作される場合、第１捩じりコイルばね部４８の付勢力は作用するが、第２捩じりコイルばね部５０の付勢力は作用しない。操作トルクが第１捩じりコイルばね部４８の初期トルクＴ₀を越えると、ホルダが反時計方向の回動を開始する。第１捩じりコイルばね部４８のばね定数をＫとすれば、第１捩じりコイルばね部４８の付勢力に基づく付勢トルクＴは、
Ｔ＝Ｋ｜θ｜＋Ｔ₀・・・（１）
となり、付勢力は次第に大きくなる。
【００２９】
反時計方向第１回動位置−θ₁は−４５°とされ、ホルダ２０が反時計方向第１回動位置−θ₁に達するまでは、第２捩じりコイルばね部５０の付勢力は作用しないが、図４（Ｃ）に示すように、ホルダ２０が反時計方向第１回動位置−θ₁に達すると、自由部５６が固定板状部３２の縁４２に当接されてそれ以上の反時計方向の移動が阻止されて、ホルダ２０が反時計方向第１回動位置−θ₁から反時計方向第２回動位置−θ₂へ回動するときは、第２捩じりコイルばね部５０の付勢力が、第１捩じりコイルばね部４８の付勢力に加えて作用する。操作トルクがホルダ２０を反時計方向第１位置−θ₁に到達させるトルクに加えて第２捩じりコイルばね部５０の初期トルクＴ₀に勝ると、ホルダ２０が反時計方向第１回動位置−θ₁から反時計方向第２回動位置−θ₂へ回動を開始する。第１捩じりコイルばね部４８の付勢力と第２捩じりコイルばね部５０の付勢力との両者に基づく付勢トルクＴは、
Ｔ＝２Ｋ｜θ｜＋（３／２）Ｔ₀・・・（２）
となり、付勢力は次第に大きくなる。
【００３０】
図４（Ｄ）に示すように、ホルダ２０が反時計方向第２回動位置−θ₂へ達すると、ホルダ２０は、ケース１０側に設けたストッパ５８と当接してそれ以上の回動が阻止される。
【００３１】
逆に、図６及び図５に基づき、ホルダ２０が中立位置（図６（Ａ）に示す）から時計方向Ｃに回動操作される場合について説明すると、図６（Ｂ）に示すように、連結部５２の時計方向の移動は固定板状部３２の縁４０に阻止されるが、自由部５６の時計方向の移動は、可動板状部３０の縁３６で押されて可能となる。一方、自由部５４は、固定板状部３２の縁４４に係止されたままで移動しない。従って、ホルダ２０が中立位置から時計方向に回動操作される場合、第２捩じりコイルばね部５０の付勢力は作用するが、第１捩じりコイルばね部４８の付勢力は作用しない。操作トルクが第２捩じりコイルばね部５０の初期トルクＴ₀を越えると、ホルダ２０が時計方向の回動を開始する。第２捩じりコイルばね部５０のばね定数を、第１捩じりコイルばね部４８のばね定数と同じくＫとすれば、第２捩じりコイルばね部５０の付勢力に基づく付勢トルクＴは、上記（１）式と同じく、
Ｔ＝Ｋ｜θ｜＋Ｔ₀
となり、付勢力は次第に大きくなる。
【００３２】
時計方向第１回動位置＋θ₁は＋４５°とされ、ホルダ２０が反時計方向第１回動位置＋θ₁に達するまでは、第１捩じりコイルばね部４８の付勢力は作用しないが、図６（Ｃ）に示すように、ホルダ２０が時計方向第１回動位置＋θ₁に達すると、自由部５４が可動板状部３０の縁３８に当接されてそれ以降はその縁３８に押されて時計方向に移動でき、ホルダ２０が時計方向第１回動位置＋θ₁から時計方向第２回動位置＋θ₂へ回動するときは、第１捩じりコイルばね部４８の付勢力が、第２捩じりコイルばね部５０の付勢力に加えて作用する。操作トルクが、ホルダ２０を時計方向第１位置θ₁に到達させるトルクに加えて第１捩じりコイルばね部４８の初期トルクＴ₀を越えると、ホルダ２０が時計方向第１回動位置＋θ₁から時計方向第２回動位置＋θ₂へ回動を開始する。第１捩じりコイルばね部４８の付勢力と第２捩じりコイルばね部５０の付勢力との両者に基づく付勢トルクＴは、上記（２）式と同じく、
Ｔ＝２Ｋ｜θ｜＋（３／２）Ｔ₀
となり、付勢力は次第に大きくなる。
【００３３】
図６（Ｄ）に示すように、ホルダ２０が時計方向第２回動位置＋θ₂へ達すると、ホルダ２０はストッパケース１０に設けた６０と当接してそれ以上の回動が阻止される。
【００３４】
いずれの方向の回動操作であってもホルダ２０の回動操作を止めれば、第１捩じりコイルばね部４８の付勢力、第２捩じりコイルばね部５０の付勢力によって、ホルダ２０は中立位置へ復帰する。
【００３５】
なお、ホルダ２０には、可動板状部３０と反対側に、円弧状の板状ガイド６２が可動板状部３０と対向して設けられ、板状ガイド６２は、内筒１４の外周面との間で捩じりコイルばね４６の捩じり変形に伴う形状変更を適正な姿勢に維持する。
【００３６】
なお、上記（２）式は、次のようにして得られる。
すなわち、
Ｔ₁：第１捩じりコイルばね部４８の付勢トルク、
Ｔ₂：第２捩じりコイルばね部５０の付勢トルク、
Ｋ₁：第１捩じりコイルばね部４８のばね定数、
Ｔ₀₁：第１捩じりコイルばね部４８の初期トルク、
Ｋ₂：第２捩じりコイルばね部５０のばね定数、
Ｔ₀₂：第２捩じりコイルばね部５０の初期トルク
とすれば、
ホルダ２０が時計方向へ回動されるときの合成される付勢トルクＴは、
Ｔ＝Ｔ₁＋Ｔ₂＝（Ｋ₁＋Ｋ₂）｜θ｜−Ｋ₁｜＋θ₁｜＋Ｔ₀₁＋Ｔ₀₂・・・（３）
とされ、ホルダ２０が反時計方向へ回動されるときの合成される付勢トルクＴは、
Ｔ＝Ｔ₁＋Ｔ₂＝（Ｋ₁＋Ｋ₂）｜θ｜−Ｋ₂｜−θ₁｜＋Ｔ₀₁＋Ｔ₀₂・・・（４）
とされる。
【００３７】
ここで、Ｋ₁＝Ｋ₂＝Ｋとすると、（３）式、（４）式は、共に、
Ｔ＝２Ｋ｜θ｜−Ｋ｜±θ₁｜＋Ｔ₀₁＋Ｔ₀₂・・・（５）
となる。
【００３８】
次に、
θ₀₁：第１コイルばね部４８の初期巻き角度、
θ₀₂：第２コイルばね部５０の初期巻き角度
とすれば、
Ｔ₀₁＝Ｋθ₀₁
Ｔ₀₂＝Ｋθ₀₂
となり、
ここで、
θ₀₁＝θ₀₂＝θ₀＝９０°、そして、
±θ₁＝±４５°であれば、
２｜±θ₁｜＝θ₀となって、
（５）式から（２）式が得られる。
【００３９】
上記構成によれば、回動操作によりホルダ２０が中立位置から反時計方向Ｂへ回動するとき、第１捩じりコイルばね部４８の付勢力が作用する。第２捩じりコイルばね部５０の付勢力はホルダ２０が接点切り換えをなす反時計方向第１回動位置−θ₁へ達するまで作用しない。ホルダ２０が反時計方向第１回動位置−θ₁へ達すると、蓋プレート２４の固定接点２６とホルダ２０の可動接点２８との間で接点の切り換えが行われる。
【００４０】
反時計方向第１回動位置−θ₁から次の接点切り換えをなす反時計方向第２回動位置＋θ₂へホルダ２０が回動するとき、第２捩じりコイル部５０の付勢力が、上記第１捩じりコイルばね部４８の付勢力に加えて作用する。ホルダ２０が第２回動位置＋θ₂へ達すると、固定接点２６と可動接点２８との間で次の接点の切り換えが行われる。
【００４１】
逆の回動操作によりホルダ２０が中立位置から時計方向Ｃへ回動するとき、第２捩じりコイルばね部５０の付勢力が作用する。第１捩じりコイルばね部４８の付勢力はホルダ２０が接点切り換えをなす時計方向第１回動位置＋θ₁へ達するまで作用しない。ホルダ２０が、時計方向第１回動位置＋θ₁へ達すると、固定接点２６と可動接点２８との間で接点の切り換えが行われる。
【００４２】
時計方向第１回動位置＋θ₁から次の接点切り換えをなす時計方向第２回動位置＋θ₂へホルダ２０が回動するとき、第１捩じりコイルばね部４８の付勢力が、上記第２捩じりコイルばね部５０の付勢力に加えて作用する。ホルダ２０が時計方向第２回動位置＋θ₂へ達すると、固定接点２６と可動接点２８との間で次の接点の切り換えが行われる。
【００４３】
ホルダ２０は、いずれの方向へ回動してもその回動操作を止めれば、第１捩じりコイルばね部４８の付勢力、第２捩じりコイルばね部５０の付勢力によって中立位置へ復帰する。
【００４４】
これにより、いずれの方向の回動操作にあっても、ホルダ２０が中立位置から接点切り換えをなす反時計方向第１回動位置−θ₁又は時計方向第１回動位置＋θ₁へ回動するときに、第１捩じりコイルばね部４８の付勢力又は第２捩じりコイルばね部５０の付勢力が作用することにより節度感を得るとともに、次の接点切り換えをなす反時計方向第２回動位置−θ₂又は時計方向第２回動位置＋θ₂へ回動するときには、第１捩じりコイルばね部４８の付勢力と第２捩じりコイルばね部５０の付勢力との両者が共に作用することにより節度感を得る。すなわち、中立位置、反時計方向第１回動位置（又は時計方向第１回動位置）において、捩じり力の不連続点をなして節度感を得る。
【００４５】
従って、それぞれの接点の切り換えについて節度感を得て、回動操作により中立位置からいずれの方向にもそれぞれ回動位置に応じて複数の接点切り換えをなし、操作を止めれば自動復帰することが容易に実現される。
【００４６】
なお、上記実施例では、回動操作が一方向であるときの接点切り換えをなす反時計方向第１回動位置、反時計方向第２回動位置と、回動操作が反対方向であるときの接点切り換えをなす時計方向第１回動位置、時計方向第２回動位置とは、中立位置を介して同一の角度関係（対称関係）をなしているが、異なる角度関係であってもよい。
【００４７】
また、上記実施例では、反時計方向第１回動位置−θ₁が−４５°とされ、時計方向第１回動位置＋θ₁が＋４５°とされている場合について説明しており、、従って、可動板状部３０については縁３８が縁３４から時計方向へ４５°の角度位置にあり、固定板状部３２については縁４２が、縁４０から時計方向へ４５°の角度位置にあるが、それに限定されるものではない。また、可動板状部３０について、縁３６が縁３４から時計方向へ９０°の角度位置にあり、固定板状部３２について、縁４４が、縁４０から時計方向へ９０°の角度位置にあるが、それら角度も限定されない。
【００４８】
更に、捩じりコイルばね４６を構成する第１捩じりコイルばね部４８、第２捩じりコイルばね部５０は連結部５２で一体に連結され、そして、同じばね定数とされているが、それに限定されない。すなわち、第１捩じりコイルばね部４８、第２捩じりコイルばね部５０は個々に独立とされ、また、それらのばね定数や、初期巻き角度が異なっていてもよい。
【００４９】
なお、上記実施例では、中立位置から両方向にそれぞれ２つの接点の切り換えをなすが、例えば、複数の捩じりコイルばね４６を直列状態に装着することにより、中立位置から両方向にそれぞれ３つ以上の接点の切り換えをなすことが可能である。例えば、捩じりコイルばね４６を２つ装着し、一方の捩じりコイルばね４６に係る可動板状部３０の縁３８の縁３４に対する角度位置、固定板状部３２の縁４２の縁４０に対する角度位置と、他方の捩じりコイルばね４６に係る可動板状部３０の縁３８の縁３４に対する角度位置、固定板状部３２の縁４２の縁４０に対する角度位置とを異ならせことにより、中立位置側の第１の接点切り換えをなす回動位置と、次の第２の接点切り換えをなす回動位置と、更に次の第３の接点切り換えをなす回動位置とがある場合に、ホルダ２０が第１の接点切り換えをなす回動位置から第２の接点切り換えをなす回動位置へ回動するとき、一方の捩じりコイルばね４６について、第１捩じりコイル部４８の付勢力と第２捩じりコイル部５０の付勢力との両者を共に作用させ、ホルダ２０が第２の接点切り換えをなす回動位置から第３の接点切り換えをなす回動位置へ回動するとき、他方の捩じりコイルばね４６について、第１捩じりコイル部４８の付勢力と第２捩じりコイル部５０の付勢力との両者を共に作用させれば、いずれの接点切り換えについても節度感が得られる。
【００５０】
また、本発明のスイッチ構造は、単に電気的なオン／オフ機能を果たすものに限定されず、例えば、電気抵抗を可変するためのものであってもよい等、種々のものに適用可能である。
【００５１】

【発明の効果】
本発明のスイッチ構造によれば、それぞれの接点の切り換えについて節度感を得て、回動操作により中立位置からいずれの方向にもそれぞれ回動位置に応じて複数の接点切り換えをなし、操作を止めれば自動復帰することが容易に実現される。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】本発明のスイッチ構造の一実施例を示す分解斜視図である。
【図２】本実施例のスイッチ構造を軸方向に沿って見た断面図である。
【図３】（Ａ）は、捩じりコイルばねを軸方向から見た図であり、（Ｂ）は、その軸方向に沿って見た図である。
【図４】本実施例のスイッチ構造の一方向の回動操作を示す軸方向から見た図である。
【図５】本実施例のスイッチ構造において、捩じりコイルばねの付勢トルクとホルダの回動位置との関係を示すグラフである。
【図６】本実施例のスイッチ構造の反対方向の回動操作を示す軸方向から見た図である。
【符号の説明】
１０ケース（固定部材）
２０ホルダ（可動部材）
２４蓋プレート（固定部材）
２６固定接点
２８可動接点
３０可動板状部（作動手段）
３２固定板状部（作動手段）
３４縁（可動係止部）
３６縁（可動係止部）
３８縁（可動当接部）
４０縁（固定係止部）
４２縁（固定当接部）
４４縁（固定係止部）
４８第１捩じりコイルばね部（第１付勢部（作動手段））
５０第２捩じりコイルばね部（第２付勢部（作動手段））
Ｂ反時計方向（一方向）
Ｃ時計方向（反対方向）
−θ₁ 反時計方向第１回動位置（接点切り換えをなす回動位置）
−θ₂ 反時計方向第２回動位置（次の接点切り換えをなす回動位置）
＋θ₁ 時計方向第１回動位置（接点切り換えをなす回動位置）
＋θ₂ 時計方向第２回動位置（接点切り換えをなす回動位置）[0001]
[Industrial application fields]
The present invention is a so-called automatic restoration type multi-stage switch in which a plurality of contacts are switched according to the rotation position in any direction from the neutral position by a rotation operation, and automatically returns to the neutral position when the operation is stopped. Concerning structure.
[0002]
[Prior art and problems to be solved by the invention]
In the automatic restoration type switch, the movable member on the movable contact side is rotated with respect to the fixed member on the fixed contact side, and the contact is switched in any direction from the neutral position according to the rotational position. When stopped, it automatically returns to the neutral position. A moderation mountain and a moderation ball are provided between the movable member and the fixed member so as to obtain a sense of moderation when switching the contacts.
[0003]
However, in the means having such a moderation mountain and a moderation ball, a so-called one-side two-contact switching is performed in two directions according to the rotational position in each direction from the neutral position by the rotational operation. When switching the switches, it is difficult to obtain a moderation for switching the respective contacts.
[0004]
In consideration of the above facts, the present invention obtains a sense of moderation in switching each contact point, and by rotating operation, a plurality of contact points are switched in each direction from the neutral position to each direction, and the operation can be stopped. An object of the present invention is to provide a switch structure that easily realizes automatic return.
[0005]
In order to solve the above problems, the switch structure of the present invention according to claim 1 is:
Between one edge (40) and the other edge (44), the one edge (40), and the other edge (44) positioned at a predetermined distance from one edge (40). A fixed member (10) having an intermediate edge (42) located and having a fixed contact (26) ;
It is arranged so as to overlap with the fixing member (10) and is provided to be movable relative to the one edge (40) side and the other edge (44) side with respect to the fixing member (10). The one edge (34) corresponding to the one edge (40) in the neutral position and the other edge (36) positioned at a predetermined distance from the one edge (34) and the one edge ( 34) and an intermediate edge (38) positioned between the other edge (36) and a movable contact (28) corresponding to the fixed contact (26). A movable member (20) that moves from one side to the other edge (40) side and the other edge (44) side and switches a plurality of contacts on either side according to the respective operation positions;
A first torsion coil spring portion (48) and a second torsion coil spring portion (50) connected in series by a connection portion (52), and the first torsion coil spring in the neutral position The free portion (54) of the portion (48) is locked to the other edge (44) in a state where the free portion (54) is opposed to the intermediate edge (38), and the connecting portion (52) is And the free part (56) of the second torsion coil spring part (50) can come into contact with the intermediate edge (42). A torsion coil spring (46) locked to the other edge (36) in a state of facing
With
And when the said movable member (20) moves to the said one edge (40) side from the said neutral position, with respect to the said free part (54) of a said 1st torsion coil spring part (48). Then, the free portion (56) of the connecting portion (52) and the second torsion coil spring portion (50) is moved to move the first torsion coil spring portion ( 48), the movable member (20) reaches the operating position where the contact is switched, and the free portion (56) of the second torsion coil spring portion (50) is moved to the intermediate edge ( 42), when the movable member (20) moves to the operation position for switching the next contact, in addition to the biasing force of the first torsion coil spring portion (48), the second twist The biasing force of the coil spring portion (50) is applied to the movable member (20). When the movable member (20) moves from the neutral position toward the other edge (44), the second torsion coil spring portion (50) is moved with respect to the connecting portion (52). When the free part (56) is moved, the urging force of the second torsion coil spring part (50) is applied to the movable member (20), and the movable member (20) is moved to the operation position where the contact is switched. When the free part (54) of the first torsion coil spring part (48) reaches the intermediate edge (38) and the movable member (20) switches to the next contact switching point. When moving, in addition to the urging force of the second torsion coil spring part (50), the urging force of the first torsion coil spring part (48) is applied to the movable member (20).
It is characterized by that.
[0008]
[Action]
According to the above arrangement, when the movable member by operation of (20) is moved toward the one edge from a neutral position (40), the biasing force of the first torsion coil spring portion (48) acts. The biasing force of the second torsion coil spring portion (50) does not act until the movable member (20) reaches the operating position where the contact is switched. When the movable member (20) reaches the operation position where the contact is switched, the contact is switched between the fixed contact (26) of the fixed member (10 ) and the movable contact (28) of the movable member (20) .
[0009]
When the movable member to the operating position from the operating position determining the contact switching form the next contact switching (20) to move, the biasing force of the second torsion coil spring portion (50) is, the first torsion This acts in addition to the biasing force of the coil spring portion (48) . When the movable member (20) reaches the operation position for switching the next contact, the next contact is switched between the fixed contact (26) of the fixed member (10 ) and the movable contact (28) of the movable member (20). Is done.
[0010]
When the movable member in the reverse operation of (20) to move toward the other edge from a neutral position (44), the biasing force of the second torsion coil spring portion (50) acts. The biasing force of the first torsion coil spring portion (48) does not act until the movable member (20) reaches the operation position where the contact is switched. When the movable member (20) reaches the operation position for switching the contact, the contact is switched between the fixed contact (26) of the fixed member (10 ) and the movable contact (28) of the movable member (20). .
[0011]
When the movable member from the operation position determining the contact switched to the operating position forms the next contact switching (20) to move, the biasing force of the first torsion coil spring portion (48) is, the second torsion This acts in addition to the urging force of the coil spring portion (50) . When the movable member (20) reaches the operation position for switching the next contact, the next contact is switched between the fixed contact (26) of the fixed member (10 ) and the movable contact (28) of the movable member (20). Is done.
[0012]
The movable member (20) be stopped operations for Moso to move to either side, the biasing force of the first torsion coil spring portion (48), the second torsion coil spring portion (50) Return to neutral position by biasing force.
[0013]
Thus, even in the operation of either side, when the movable member (20) is moved to the operating position determining the contact switched from the neutral position, the biasing force of the first torsion coil spring portion (48) or together with the urging force to obtain a click feeling due to the action of the second torsion coil spring portion (50), when moved to the operation position reaches the operating position and forming a contact switching form the following contact switching is A feeling of moderation is obtained by both the urging force of the first torsion coil spring portion (48) and the urging force of the second torsion coil spring portion (50) acting together.
[0014]
Therefore, the switching of each of the contacts to obtain a click feeling, without a plurality of contacts switched in accordance with respective operating position on either side from the neutral position by operation easily realized that automatically returns be stopped operation Is done.
[0015]
Note that the operating position determining the contact switching time operation is the side of one edge (40), and the operating position determining the contact switching time operation is the side of the other edge (44), a neutral It is not necessary to have the same positional relationship via the positions .
[0016]
Specifically, when the variable dynamic member (20) is moved toward the one edge from a neutral position (40), the first torsion coil spring portion (48), the free portion (54) and the other The connecting portion (52) is locked to one edge (34) and moves together with the movable member (20) while being locked to the edge (44) of the first torsion coil spring. The biasing force of the part (48) acts. At this time , in the second torsion coil spring portion (50) , the free portion (56) is locked to the other edge (36) and the connecting portion (52) is locked to the one edge (34) . Then, it moves together with the movable member (20) , and the urging force of the second torsion coil spring portion (50) does not act.
[0017]
When the movable member (20) reaches the operation position for switching the contact, the free part (56) of the second torsion coil spring part (50 ) comes into contact with the intermediate edge (42) . The movable member (20) is, when you move to the operating position and forming a contact after the next contact switching, second torsion coil spring portion (50), to the connecting portion (52) moves On the other hand, the free part (56) does not move, and the urging force of the second torsion coil spring part (50) acts.
[0018]
Note that the torsion coil spring (46), the first torsion coil spring portion constituting the Re its (48) and the second torsion coil spring portion (50) is wound in opposite directions to each other Are arranged in series, and one end of the first torsion coil spring part (48) and one end of the second torsion coil spring part (50) face each other and are connected. The following configuration is possible.
[0020]
【Example】
An embodiment of a switch structure according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
[0021]
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a case (fixing member) 10 is formed in a double cylindrical shape that is coaxial with an outer cylinder 12 and an inner cylinder 14. The outer cylinder 12 has a bottom 16 with one end opened and the other end closed, and the inner cylinder 14 has one end penetrating the bottom 16 of the outer cylinder 12 and both ends open. A shaft 18 is penetrated and supported in the inner cylinder 14, one end of the shaft 18 projects from one end of the inner cylinder 14, and a flange-like disk-shaped holder (movable member) 20 is coaxial with the projecting end. It is inserted. The other end portion of the shaft 18 protrudes from the other end of the inner cylinder 14, and the proximal end portion of the operation lever 22 is fitted to the protruding end portion. By rotating the operation lever 22, the shaft 18 and the holder 20 can be rotated together.
[0022]
The open end of the outer cylinder 12 of the case 10 is closed by a lid plate 24 (fixing member), and a fixed contact 26 is provided on the inner surface of the lid plate 24 as shown in FIG. The holder 20 is provided with a movable contact 28. Depending on the rotation position of the holder 20, the contact can be switched between the fixed contact 26 and the movable contact 28, and when the operation lever 22 is viewed in one direction through the neutral position (from the holder 20 side). A rotation position is obtained in which the two contact points are switched in both the counterclockwise direction B and the opposite direction C (clockwise when the operation lever 22 is viewed from the holder 20 side) C. If the rotation position is indicated by an angle θ from the neutral position A (counterclockwise is −, clockwise is +), the counterclockwise first rotation position −θ ₁ and the counterclockwise second rotation position −θ _{2 are} illustrated. And a first clockwise rotation position + θ ₁ and a second clockwise rotation position + θ ₂ are obtained.
[0023]
A movable plate-like portion (actuating means) 30 is provided integrally with the holder 20 around the holder 20, and the movable plate-like portion 30 has an arc shape when viewed from the axial direction, and the inner cylinder 14 and the outer cylinder 12. It is extended so as to intervene. A portion of the inner peripheral surface of the outer cylinder 12 that is opposed to the outer peripheral surface of the movable plate-shaped portion 30 at a neutral position is formed thick, and this is a fixed plate-shaped portion (actuating means) 32.
[0024]
Although the counterclockwise edge (movable locking portion) 34 of the movable plate-shaped portion 30 is straight, a step is formed at the clockwise edge of the movable plate-shaped portion 30 and a half portion on the holder 20 side. The edge (movable locking portion) 36 corresponding to is located at an angular position of 90 ° in the clockwise direction from the edge 34, and the edge (movable contact portion) 38 corresponding to the half portion on the extending side of the movable plate-like portion 30 is , At an angular position of 45 ° clockwise from the edge 34. Of the edges of the fixed plate-like portion 32, the counterclockwise edge (fixed locking portion) 40 is straight, and the clockwise edge is formed with a step opposite to the movable plate-like portion 30. The edge (fixed locking portion) 42 on the side corresponding to 36 is at an angular position of 45 ° clockwise from the edge 40, and the edge (fixed contact portion) 44 on the side corresponding to the edge 38 is from the edge 40. It is at an angular position of 90 ° in the clockwise direction. In the neutral position, the edge 34 of the movable plate 30 and the edge 40 of the fixed plate 32 are at the same angle, and the edge 36 of the movable plate 30 and the edge 44 of the fixed plate 32 are at the same angle. The edge 38 of the movable plate-like portion 30 and the edge 42 of the fixed plate-like portion 32 are at the same angular position.
[0025]
A double torsion type torsion coil spring (biasing means (actuating means)) 46 is mounted between the movable plate-like portion 30 and the fixed plate-like portion 32. As shown in FIG. 3, the torsion coil spring 46 includes a pair of torsion coil spring portions (first torsion as a first biasing portion) that are coaxially arranged and wound in opposite directions. The coil spring portion 48 and the second torsion coil spring portion 50 as the second urging portion, and the opposing end portions of the torsion coil spring portions 48 and 50 (first torsion coil spring). One end portion of the portion 48 and one end portion of the second torsion coil spring portion 50 are bent and connected in a U-shape radially outward to form a connecting portion 52, and the first twist The other end of the helical coil spring portion 48 and the other end of the second torsion coil spring portion 50 are bent in a straight line outward in the radial direction to form free portions 54 and 56, respectively.
[0026]
The torsion coil spring 46 has a free portion 54, 56 in a free state (indicated by a solid line in FIG. 3A) in which the connecting portion 52 and the free portions 54, 56 are at substantially the same angular position when viewed in the axial direction. Is deformed and mounted in a state (indicated by a chain line in FIG. 3 (A)) that is rotated 90 ° clockwise relative to the connecting portion 52 to obtain an urging force. That is, the torsion coil spring 46 is mounted with the first torsion coil spring portion 48 and the second torsion coil spring portion 50 having the same initial winding angle (90 °).
[0027]
That is, in the neutral position, the torsion coil spring 46 has the free portion 54 locked to the edge 44 of the fixed plate portion 32 and the connecting portion 52 between the edge 34 of the movable plate portion 30 and the fixed plate portion 32. The free portion 56 is locked to the edge 36 of the movable plate-shaped portion 30. In the neutral position, the free portion 54 is separated from the edge 38 of the movable plate-like portion 30, and the free portion 56 is separated from the edge 42 of the fixed plate-like portion 32. In this mounted state, the urging force of the first torsion coil spring portion 48 and the urging force of the second torsion coil spring portion 50 are each brought to the neutral position by the initial torque T ₀ (see FIG. 5). Energize.
[0028]
The case where the holder 20 is rotated counterclockwise B from the neutral position (FIG. 4 (A)) will be described based on FIGS. 4 and 5. As shown in FIG. Although the counterclockwise movement is blocked by the edge 44 of the fixed plate-like portion 32, the counterclockwise movement of the connecting portion 52 is made possible by being pushed by the edge 34 of the movable plate-like portion 30. On the other hand, the free part 56 can move counterclockwise following the edge 36 of the movable plate-like part 30. Therefore, when the holder 20 is rotated counterclockwise from the neutral position, the urging force of the first torsion coil spring portion 48 acts, but the urging force of the second torsion coil spring portion 50 acts. do not do. When the operating torque exceeds the initial torque T ₀ of the first torsion coil spring portion 48, the holder starts to rotate counterclockwise. If the spring constant of the first torsion coil spring portion 48 is K, the biasing torque T based on the biasing force of the first torsion coil spring portion 48 is
T = K | θ | + T ₀ (1)
The biasing force gradually increases.
[0029]
The counterclockwise first rotation position −θ ₁ is −45 °, and until the holder 20 reaches the counterclockwise first rotation position −θ ₁ , the urging force of the second torsion coil spring portion 50 is Although not acting, as shown in FIG. 4C, when the holder 20 reaches the first counterclockwise rotation position −θ ₁ , the free portion 56 is brought into contact with the edge 42 of the fixed plate-like portion 32 to When the above counterclockwise movement is prevented and the holder 20 is rotated from the first counterclockwise rotation position −θ ₁ to the second counterclockwise rotation position −θ ₂ , the second torsion is performed. The biasing force of the coil spring portion 50 acts in addition to the biasing force of the first torsion coil spring portion 48. When the operating torque exceeds the initial torque T ₀ of the second torsion coil spring portion 50 in addition to the torque that causes the holder 20 to reach the first position −θ ₁ in the counterclockwise direction, the holder 20 rotates in the first counterclockwise direction. The rotation starts from the position −θ ₁ to the second counterclockwise rotation position −θ ₂ . The urging torque T based on both the urging force of the first torsion coil spring portion 48 and the urging force of the second torsion coil spring portion 50 is:
T = 2K | θ | + (3/2) T ₀ (2)
The biasing force gradually increases.
[0030]
As shown in FIG. 4D, when the holder 20 reaches the second counterclockwise rotation position −θ ₂ , the holder 20 comes into contact with the stopper 58 provided on the case 10 side and further rotates. Be blocked.
[0031]
Conversely, a case where the holder 20 is rotated clockwise from the neutral position (shown in FIG. 6A) based on FIGS. 6 and 5 will be described. As shown in FIG. Although the movement of the connecting portion 52 in the clockwise direction is blocked by the edge 40 of the fixed plate-like portion 32, the movement of the free portion 56 in the clockwise direction is enabled by being pushed by the edge 36 of the movable plate-like portion 30. On the other hand, the free part 54 remains engaged with the edge 44 of the fixed plate-like part 32 and does not move. Therefore, when the holder 20 is rotated clockwise from the neutral position, the urging force of the second torsion coil spring portion 50 acts, but the urging force of the first torsion coil spring portion 48 does not act. . When the operating torque exceeds the initial torque T ₀ of the second torsion coil spring portion 50, the holder 20 starts to rotate clockwise. If the spring constant of the second torsion coil spring portion 50 is K, which is the same as the spring constant of the first torsion coil spring portion 48, the biasing torque based on the biasing force of the second torsion coil spring portion 50 will be described. T is the same as the above equation (1).
T = K | θ | + T ₀
The biasing force gradually increases.
[0032]
The clockwise first rotation position + θ ₁ is set to + 45 °, and the urging force of the first torsion coil spring portion 48 does not act until the holder 20 reaches the counterclockwise first rotation position + θ ₁ . As shown in FIG. 6 (C), when the holder 20 reaches the first clockwise rotation position + θ ₁ , the free part 54 comes into contact with the edge 38 of the movable plate-like part 30 and thereafter the edge 38 When the holder 20 is pushed and moved in the clockwise direction and the holder 20 rotates from the _first clockwise rotation position + θ ₁ to the second clockwise rotation position + θ ₂ , the urging force of the first torsion coil spring portion 48 is applied. However, this acts in addition to the urging force of the second torsion coil spring portion 50. When the operating torque exceeds the initial torque T ₀ of the first torsion coil spring portion 48 in addition to the torque that causes the holder 20 to reach the first clockwise position θ ₁ , the holder 20 moves to the first clockwise rotation position + θ. _The rotation starts from ₁ to the second clockwise rotation position + θ ₂ . The urging torque T based on both the urging force of the first torsion coil spring portion 48 and the urging force of the second torsion coil spring portion 50 is the same as the above equation (2).
T = 2K | θ | + (3/2) T ₀
The biasing force gradually increases.
[0033]
As shown in FIG. 6D, when the holder 20 reaches the second clockwise rotation position + θ ₂ , the holder 20 comes into contact with 60 provided in the stopper case 10 to prevent further rotation.
[0034]
If the rotation operation of the holder 20 is stopped in any direction, the holder 20 is applied by the urging force of the first torsion coil spring portion 48 and the urging force of the second torsion coil spring portion 50. Returns to the neutral position.
[0035]
The holder 20 is provided with an arcuate plate-shaped guide 62 opposite to the movable plate-shaped portion 30 on the opposite side of the movable plate-shaped portion 30, and the plate-shaped guide 62 is connected to the outer peripheral surface of the inner cylinder 14. The shape change accompanying torsional deformation of the torsion coil spring 46 is maintained in an appropriate posture.
[0036]
The above equation (2) is obtained as follows.
That is,
T ₁ : Energizing torque of the first torsion coil spring portion 48,
T ₂ : Energizing torque of the second torsion coil spring portion 50,
K ₁ : spring constant of the first torsion coil spring portion 48,
T ₀₁ : initial torque of the first torsion coil spring portion 48,
K ₂ : spring constant of the second torsion coil spring portion 50,
T ₀₂ : If the initial torque of the second torsion coil spring portion 50 is used,
The urging torque T synthesized when the holder 20 is rotated clockwise is:
T = T ₁ + T ₂ = (K ₁ + K ₂ ) | θ | −K ₁ | + θ ₁ | + T ₀₁ + T ₀₂ (3)
The biasing torque T synthesized when the holder 20 is rotated counterclockwise is
T = T ₁ + T ₂ = (K ₁ + K ₂ ) | θ | −K ₂ | −θ ₁ | + T ₀₁ + T ₀₂ (4)
It is said.
[0037]
Here, assuming that K ₁ = K ₂ = K, the equations (3) and (4) are both
T = 2K | θ | −K | ± θ ₁ | + T ₀₁ + T ₀₂ (5)
It becomes.
[0038]
next,
θ ₀₁ : initial winding angle of the first coil spring portion 48,
θ ₀₂ : If the initial winding angle of the second coil spring portion 50 is taken,
T ₀₁ = Kθ ₀₁
T ₀₂ = Kθ ₀₂
And
here,
θ ₀₁ = θ ₀₂ = θ ₀ = 90 ° and
If ± θ ₁ = ± 45 °,
2 | ± θ ₁ | = θ ₀
Equation (2) is obtained from equation (5).
[0039]
According to the above configuration, when the holder 20 is rotated in the counterclockwise direction B from the neutral position by the rotation operation, the urging force of the first torsion coil spring portion 48 is applied. The urging force of the second torsion coil spring portion 50 does not act until the holder 20 reaches the first counterclockwise first rotation position −θ ₁ at which the contact point is switched. When the holder 20 reaches the first counterclockwise rotation position −θ ₁ , the contact is switched between the fixed contact 26 of the lid plate 24 and the movable contact 28 of the holder 20.
[0040]
When the holder 20 is rotated from the first counterclockwise rotation position −θ ₁ to the second counterclockwise rotation position + θ ₂ for switching the next contact, the urging force of the second torsion coil portion 50 is This acts in addition to the biasing force of the first torsion coil spring portion 48. When the holder 20 reaches the second rotation position + θ ₂ , the next contact is switched between the fixed contact 26 and the movable contact 28.
[0041]
When the holder 20 is rotated clockwise from the neutral position by the reverse rotation operation, the urging force of the second torsion coil spring portion 50 is applied. The urging force of the first torsion coil spring portion 48 does not act until the holder 20 reaches the first clockwise rotation position + θ ₁ at which the contact point is switched. When the holder 20 reaches the first clockwise rotation position + θ ₁ , the contact is switched between the fixed contact 26 and the movable contact 28.
[0042]
When the holder 20 rotates from the first clockwise rotation position + θ ₁ to the second clockwise rotation position + θ ₂ that performs the next contact switching, the biasing force of the first torsion coil spring portion 48 is 2 Acts in addition to the urging force of the torsion coil spring portion 50. When the holder 20 reaches the second clockwise rotation position + θ ₂ , the next contact is switched between the fixed contact 26 and the movable contact 28.
[0043]
If the holder 20 is rotated in any direction and stops rotating, the holder 20 is moved to the neutral position by the urging force of the first torsion coil spring portion 48 and the urging force of the second torsion coil spring portion 50. Return.
[0044]
As a result, the holder 20 rotates from the neutral position to the counterclockwise first rotation position −θ ₁ or the clockwise first rotation position + θ ₁ at which the contact is switched from the neutral position, regardless of the rotation operation in any direction. When the biasing force of the first torsion coil spring portion 48 or the biasing force of the second torsion coil spring portion 50 is applied, a sense of moderation is obtained, and the second counter-clockwise direction for switching the next contact is obtained. When rotating to the rotation position −θ ₂ or the second clockwise rotation position + θ ₂ , both the urging force of the first torsion coil spring portion 48 and the urging force of the second torsion coil spring portion 50 are used. Get a sense of moderation by working together. That is, at the neutral position and the first counterclockwise rotation position (or the clockwise first rotation position), a sense of moderation is obtained by forming a discontinuous point of the torsional force.
[0045]
Therefore, it is possible to obtain a sense of moderation for switching each contact, and to perform multiple contact switching in each direction from the neutral position according to the rotation position by the rotation operation, and it is easy to automatically return if the operation is stopped To be realized.
[0046]
In the above-described embodiment, the first counterclockwise rotation position and the second counterclockwise rotation position for switching contacts when the rotation operation is in one direction, and the rotation operation in the opposite direction. The first clockwise rotation position and the second clockwise rotation position that perform contact switching have the same angular relationship (symmetrical relationship) via the neutral position, but may be different angular relationships.
[0047]
In the above embodiment, the case where the counterclockwise first rotation position −θ ₁ is −45 ° and the clockwise first rotation position + θ ₁ is + 45 ° is described. For the movable plate-shaped portion 30, the edge 38 is at an angular position of 45 ° clockwise from the edge 34, and for the fixed plate-shaped portion 32, the edge 42 is at an angular position of 45 ° clockwise from the edge 40. It is not limited to that. Further, with respect to the movable plate-like portion 30, the edge 36 is at an angular position of 90 ° clockwise from the edge 34, and with respect to the fixed plate-like portion 32, the edge 44 is at an angular position of 90 ° clockwise from the edge 40. However, these angles are not limited.
[0048]
Further, the first torsion coil spring portion 48 and the second torsion coil spring portion 50 constituting the torsion coil spring 46 are integrally connected by a connecting portion 52 and have the same spring constant. Not limited to that. That is, the first torsion coil spring portion 48 and the second torsion coil spring portion 50 are individually independent, and their spring constants and initial winding angles may be different.
[0049]
In the above embodiment, the two contacts are switched in both directions from the neutral position. For example, by installing a plurality of torsion coil springs 46 in series, three or more in each direction from the neutral position are used. It is possible to switch the contacts. For example, two torsion coil springs 46 are mounted, and the angular position of the edge 38 of the movable plate-like part 30 with respect to one torsion coil spring 46 relative to the edge 34, the edge 40 of the edge 42 of the fixed plate-like part 32. And the angular position of the edge 38 of the movable plate 30 with respect to the edge 34 and the angular position of the edge 42 of the fixed plate 32 with respect to the edge 40 are different. If there is a rotation position for switching the first contact on the neutral position side, a rotation position for performing the second contact switching, and a rotation position for performing the next third contact switching, When the holder 20 is rotated from the rotation position at which the first contact switching is performed to the rotation position at which the second contact switching is performed, the first torsion coil portion 48 is attached to one torsion coil spring 46. Both the force and the urging force of the second torsion coil unit 50 When the holder 20 is rotated from the rotation position at which the second contact switching is performed to the rotation position at which the third contact switching is performed, the other torsion coil spring 46 is subjected to the first torsion. If both the urging force of the coil part 48 and the urging force of the second torsion coil part 50 are applied together, a sense of moderation can be obtained for any contact switching.
[0050]
Further, the switch structure of the present invention is not limited to one that merely performs an electrical on / off function, and can be applied to various types, for example, may be one for varying electric resistance. .
[0051]

【The invention's effect】
According to the switch structure of the present invention, a sense of moderation can be obtained for switching of each contact, and a plurality of contact switching can be performed in each direction from the neutral position according to the rotation position by the rotation operation, and the operation can be stopped. Thus, automatic return can be easily realized.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is an exploded perspective view showing an embodiment of a switch structure of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the switch structure of the present embodiment as viewed along the axial direction.
FIG. 3A is a view of a torsion coil spring viewed from the axial direction, and FIG. 3B is a view of the torsion coil spring viewed along the axial direction.
FIG. 4 is a view seen from an axial direction showing a one-way turning operation of the switch structure of the present embodiment.
FIG. 5 is a graph showing the relationship between the biasing torque of the torsion coil spring and the rotation position of the holder in the switch structure of this example.
FIG. 6 is a view seen from an axial direction showing a rotation operation in the opposite direction of the switch structure of the present embodiment.
[Explanation of symbols]
10 Case (fixing member)
20 Holder (movable member)
24 Lid plate (fixing member)
26 fixed contact 28 movable contact 30 movable plate-like part (operation means)
32 Fixed plate-like part (actuating means)
34 Edge (movable locking part)
36 edge (movable locking part)
38 edge (movable contact part)
40 edge (fixed locking part)
42 Edge (fixed contact)
44 Edge (fixed locking part)
48 1st torsion coil spring part (1st biasing part (operation means))
50 Second torsion coil spring portion (second urging portion (actuating means))
B Counterclockwise (one direction)
C Clockwise (opposite direction)
-Θ _{1 First} counterclockwise rotation position (rotation position for switching contacts)
-Θ ₂ Counterclockwise _second rotation position (rotation position for next contact switching)
+ Θ _{1 First} clockwise rotation position (rotation position for switching contacts)
+ Θ _{2 Second} clockwise rotation position (rotation position for switching contacts)

Claims

Between one edge (40) and the other edge (44), the one edge (40), and the other edge (44) positioned at a predetermined distance from one edge (40). A fixed member (10) having an intermediate edge (42) located and having a fixed contact (26) ;
It is arranged so as to overlap with the fixing member (10) and is provided to be movable relative to the one edge (40) side and the other edge (44) side with respect to the fixing member (10). The one edge (34) corresponding to the one edge (40) in the neutral position and the other edge (36) positioned at a predetermined distance from the one edge (34) and the one edge ( 34) and an intermediate edge (38) positioned between the other edge (36) and a movable contact (28) corresponding to the fixed contact (26). A movable member (20) that moves from one side to the other edge (40) side and the other edge (44) side and switches a plurality of contacts on either side according to the respective operation positions;
A first torsion coil spring portion (48) and a second torsion coil spring portion (50) connected in series by a connection portion (52), and the first torsion coil spring in the neutral position The free portion (54) of the portion (48) is locked to the other edge (44) in a state where the free portion (54) is opposed to the intermediate edge (38), and the connecting portion (52) is And the free part (56) of the second torsion coil spring part (50) can come into contact with the intermediate edge (42). A torsion coil spring (46) locked to the other edge (36) in a state of facing
With
And when the said movable member (20) moves to the said one edge (40) side from the said neutral position, with respect to the said free part (54) of a said 1st torsion coil spring part (48). Then, the free portion (56) of the connecting portion (52) and the second torsion coil spring portion (50) is moved to move the first torsion coil spring portion ( 48), the movable member (20) reaches the operating position where the contact is switched, and the free portion (56) of the second torsion coil spring portion (50) is moved to the intermediate edge ( 42), when the movable member (20) moves to the operation position for switching the next contact, in addition to the biasing force of the first torsion coil spring portion (48), the second twist The biasing force of the coil spring portion (50) is applied to the movable member (20). When the movable member (20) moves from the neutral position toward the other edge (44), the second torsion coil spring portion (50) is moved with respect to the connecting portion (52). When the free part (56) is moved, the urging force of the second torsion coil spring part (50) is applied to the movable member (20), and the movable member (20) is moved to the operation position where the contact is switched. When the free part (54) of the first torsion coil spring part (48) reaches the intermediate edge (38) and the movable member (20) switches to the next contact switching point. When moving, in addition to the urging force of the second torsion coil spring part (50), the urging force of the first torsion coil spring part (48) is applied to the movable member (20).
A switch structure characterized by that.