JP3714139B2 - Coke oven cover replacement method - Google Patents

Coke oven cover replacement method Download PDF

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Publication number
JP3714139B2
JP3714139B2 JP2000276528A JP2000276528A JP3714139B2 JP 3714139 B2 JP3714139 B2 JP 3714139B2 JP 2000276528 A JP2000276528 A JP 2000276528A JP 2000276528 A JP2000276528 A JP 2000276528A JP 3714139 B2 JP3714139 B2 JP 3714139B2
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Japan
Prior art keywords
furnace
coke oven
furnace lid
replacement
coal
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JP2000276528A
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JP2002088369A (en
Inventor
義紀 西山
裕 長谷川
強 菊地
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Nippon Steel Corp
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Sumitomo Metal Industries Ltd
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、コークス炉の炉蓋取替方法に関し、具体的には、例えば炉蓋取替後3日間程度の長期間にわたって不可避的に発生するコークス炉からのガス洩れを、例えば数時間程度の極めて短期間で完全に解消することができるコークス炉の炉蓋取替方法に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
周知のように、コークス炉は、石炭を乾留することにより高炉操業の際に還元剤として使用されるコークスを製造する。乾留時には、コークスの他にコークス炉ガスおよびコールタール等が副生される。このコークス炉の炉体は、大別すると、炭化室、加熱室(燃焼室)および蓄熱室からなり、いずれもが緻密な耐火煉瓦を多数積み上げて構成される。
【0003】
図9は、コークス炉1の説明図であって、図9(a) はコークス炉1の炭化室を模式的に示す説明図、図9(b) は図9(a) におけるA−A断面図である。図9(a) および図9(b) に示すように、コークス炉1の炭化室6-1 〜6-46は、多数(図9では46基)並んだ状態で配置されており、各炭化室6-1 〜6-46の開口部には、それぞれ炉蓋2-1 〜2-46が設けられる。このコークス炉1は、炉蓋2-1 〜2-46を開けて製造されたコークスを排出した後に炉蓋2-1 〜2-46を閉じて各炭化室6-1 〜6-46内へ装炭孔 (図示しない) から石炭を装入して乾留することを繰り返しながら、操業される。炭化室6-1 〜6-46の開口部、すなわちコークス炉1の窯口部には、矩形枠形のドアフレーム (炉蓋枠) 3-1 〜3-46が設けられており、炉蓋2-1 〜2-46を閉めると、ドアフレーム 3-1〜3-46のシート面 4-1〜4-46に炉蓋2-1 〜2-46の内面に設けられたナイフエッヂ5-1 〜5-46がメタルタッチで当接する。これにより、炭化室6-1 〜6-46が封止され、石炭装入後に発生するガス洩れが防止される。なお、図9(b) における符号7はバックステイを、符号8は保護板を、符号9は煉瓦をそれぞれ示す。
【0004】
このようなコークス炉1の操業時間が増加すると、炉蓋2-1 〜2-46のナイフエッヂ5-1 〜5-46が、ドアフレーム 3-1〜3-46のシート面 4-1〜4-46との当接や炭化室6-1 〜6-46内に発生したコークス炉ガス等による腐食減肉等によって摩耗・変形する。このため、炉蓋2-1 〜2-46のシール性が徐々に失われ、ガス洩れが増加する。したがって、コークス炉1の炉蓋2-1 〜2-46は、新設若しくは補修された取替用炉蓋に定期的に取り替える必要がある。
【0005】
図10は、コークス炉1の炉蓋2-1 〜2-46の従来の取替手順を経時的に示す説明図である。同図に示すように、コークスの乾留を終了した後の窯出後又は窯出前に、ナイフエッヂ5-1 〜5-46が摩耗・変形した炉蓋2-1 〜2-46を取り外すとともに取替用炉蓋2-1'〜2-46' を取り付けることによって炉蓋の取替 (蓋入替) を行ってから石炭を装入し、装入された石炭の乾留中に、炉蓋2-1'〜2-46' のナイフエッヂ5-1'〜5-46' を、炉蓋取替の際に同時に補修されたドアフレーム3-1'〜3-46' のシート面4-1'〜4-46' へ密着させていた。
【0006】
しかし、石炭装入後の乾留時に炉蓋2-1'〜2-46' には熱歪みによる変形が発生するため、炉蓋2-1'〜2-46' のナイフエッヂ5-1'〜5-46' とドアフレーム3-1'〜3-46' との間に隙間が生じ、炉蓋2-1'〜2-46' のシール性が低下する。そこで、乾留時に、ナイフエッヂ5-1'〜5-46' を叩き出したり、ナイフエッヂ5-1'〜5-46' の後方(炉外側)に装着されている図示しない圧接スプリングの押し付け荷重を大きくする等といった隙間調整作業を乾留と同時に行うことで、コークス炉の稼働率を低下させることなく、ナイフエッヂ5-1'〜5-46' をシート面4-1'〜4-46' へ密着させ、発生した隙間の解消を図っていた。
【0007】
しかし、取り替えた炉蓋2-1'〜2-46' に発生する熱歪みによる変形は徐々に進行するため、この変形が進行する数日間は隙間からのガス洩れが不可避的に発生する。このため、炉蓋2-1'〜2-46' の取替後の数日間は石炭装入後にガス洩れ処置作業を講ずる必要があった。
【0008】
そこで、特許第2749941 号には、炉体本体の内側に炉蓋ガス道用間隔を形成する継手を介して金属製遮蔽体が取り付けられる型式の炉蓋を、乾留を略終了したコークスが炉内にある間に取り替え、所定の置時間を付与して金属製遮蔽体を予熱することによって、炉蓋ガス道への石炭洩れ込みを防止し、炉蓋の熱歪みによる影響を抑制する発明が提案されている。
【0009】
また、特開平3−263486号公報には、取り替える炉蓋を予め加熱装置を用いて加熱して熱歪みを付与してから、取替えを行うことによってガス洩れを削減し、炉蓋の熱歪みによる影響を抑制する発明が提案されている。
【0010】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
特許第2749941 号により提案された発明は、コークスが炉内にある間に炉蓋を取り替え、所定の置時間を付与するため、金属製遮蔽体を膨張させることは可能であるものの、熱歪みが発生しない定常状態に炉蓋本体および耐火物を加熱する熱量を確保することはできない。このため、この発明によっても、炉蓋の取替後の数日間は、石炭装入後に前述した隙間調整作業やガス洩れ処置作業を行う必要がある。
【0011】
また、特開平3−263486号公報により提案された発明では、加熱装置を用いても炉蓋を均一に加熱することが難しいため、炉蓋取替後に熱歪みによる変形が発生してしまう。このため、この発明によっても、炉蓋の取替後の数日間は、石炭装入後に前述した隙間調整作業やガス洩れ処置作業を行う必要がある。さらに、通常は、炉蓋の加熱装置は用いられていないためにこの加熱装置を新たに設置する必要があり、設備費が嵩んでしまう。
【0012】
さらに、これらの従来の発明においても、炉蓋からガス洩れが発生している状態で隙間調整作業を行うことになり、環境上若しくは衛生上問題であるとともに、コークス炉からの石炭微粉やコールタールがナイフエッヂとシート面との間の隙間に入り込んでしまうと、隙間調整作業を行ってもこの隙間を解消できなくなってしまう。
【0013】
本発明の目的は、炉蓋取替後3日間程度の長期間にわたって不可避的に発生するコークス炉からのガス洩れを、例えば数時間程度の極めて短い期間で完全に解消することができるコークス炉の炉蓋取替方法を提供することである。
【0014】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明は、例えば室炉式のコークス炉の炭化室に設けられるとともに該炭化室側に装着された耐火物を備える炉蓋を取替えた後に行われる炉蓋調整を、このコークス炉の窯口部に取り付けられたこの炉蓋に発生する熱歪みの量が略一定となった後であって、この炭化室に石炭を装入する前、すなわち炭化室がいわゆる空窯の時に行うことを特徴とするコークス炉の炉蓋取替方法である。この本発明にかかるコークス炉の炉蓋取替方法によれば、炉蓋のナイフエッジとドアフレームのシート面との間の隙間を早期にかつ継続して解消でき、コークス炉からのガス洩れを早期に解消することが可能となる。
【0015】
この本発明にかかるコークス炉の炉蓋取替方法において、「炉蓋の取替」とは、ドアフレームのシート面との当接や炭化室内に発生したコークス炉ガス等による腐食減肉等によって摩耗・変形し、シール性が徐々に失われた炉蓋を、新設若しくは補修された取替用炉蓋に取り替えることをいう。
【0016】
また、この本発明にかかるコークス炉の炉蓋取替方法において、「炉蓋調整」とは、炉蓋のナイフエッヂをドアフレームのシート面へ密着させるために行われる各種の調整をいう。
【0017】
この本発明にかかるコークス炉の炉蓋取替方法では、炉蓋調整を終了した後に、炉蓋の少なくとも近傍への石炭装入量を通常操業時の石炭装入量より、例えば5%以上10%以下に低減することが、ナイフエッヂの歪み腐食とガス洩れとを低減するために、望ましい。
【0018】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明にかかるコークス炉の炉蓋取替方法の実施の形態を、添付図面を参照しながら詳細に説明する。
【0019】
本実施の形態では、コークス炉の操業時間の増加により、炉蓋のナイフエッヂが、ドアフレームのシート面との当接や炭化室内に発生したコークス炉ガス等による腐食減肉等によって徐々に摩耗・変形し、炉蓋のシール性が徐々に失われてガス洩れが増加しており、後述する(i) の乾留を終了した後に、摩耗・変形した炉蓋を新設若しくは補修された取替用炉蓋に取り替える状況にある、という前提にたって、以降の説明を行う。
【0020】
図1は、コークス炉の炉蓋の本実施の形態の取替手順を経時的に示す説明図である。図1に示すように、本実施の形態では、(i) 乾留、(ii)炉蓋取外し、(iii) 窯出し、(iv)炉蓋取付け、(v) 炉蓋調整、(vi)装炭および(vii) 乾留という手順で、コークス炉の炉蓋の取替えが行われる。以下、この手順を説明する。
【0021】
(i) 乾留
本実施の形態では、コークス炉に装入された石炭を、適当な操業条件で乾留することによって、高炉操業の際に還元剤として使用されるコークスを製造する。この乾留により、コークスの他に、コークス炉ガスおよび化成品の原料となるガス液やコールタール等が副生される。
【0022】
この乾留時の操業条件等は周知慣用のものであればよく、特定の条件である必要はないため、乾留についてのこれ以上の説明は省略する。
(ii)炉蓋取外し
乾留を終了した後、コークス炉の窯口部に取り付けられて炭化室を封止していた炉蓋を取り外す。炉蓋の取外しは、通常行われている周知慣用の手段により行えばよく、特定の手段による必要はないため、炉蓋取外しについてのこれ以上の説明は省略する。
【0023】
(iii) 窯出し
炉蓋を取り外した後に、炭化室の開口部、すなわちコークス炉の窯口部から、炭化室内のコークスを搬出する、いわゆる窯出しを行う。窯出しも、通常行われている周知慣用の手段により行えばよく、特定の手段による必要はないため、窯出しについてのこれ以上の説明は省略する。
【0024】
(iv)炉蓋取付け
本実施の形態では、窯出しが終了して、炭化室内に次の乾留に供される石炭がまだ装入されていない時、すなわちコークス炉がいわゆる空窯である時に、コークス炉の窯口部への取替用炉蓋の取付けを行う。
【0025】
図2(a) は、本実施の形態における、コークス炉10に取り付けられた取替用炉蓋16を示す水平断面図であり、図2(b) は、図2(a) におけるA部の拡大図である。本実施の形態における、取替用炉蓋16のコークス炉10に対する取付構造は、周知慣用の構造であるため、以下簡単に説明する。
【0026】
図2(a) に示すように、多数の窯口煉瓦11により形成された炭化室12の開口部、すなわちコークス炉10の窯口部の外面には、矩形枠型の保護板13が適宜手段(例えばバックステイ29)により固定される。そして、この保護板13の外面に、矩形枠形であって図示するような略L型の水平断面を有するドアフレーム14が、適宜手段(例えばボルトによる締結)により固定される。さらに、ドアフレーム14の外縁部の近傍には、後述する閂21に係合する閂フック15が固定される。
【0027】
一方、炭化室12の開口部には、取替用炉蓋16が設けられる。取替用炉蓋16の炭化室12側には、取替用炉蓋16を炭化室12からの熱から保護するための熱炉蓋耐火物17が装着される。取替用炉蓋16の炉外側には、取替用炉蓋16を炉内側へ向けて付勢する皿バネ18と、後述する閂21にねじ止めされて皿バネ18の長さを調整可能な閂加圧力調整棒19とを有する閂加圧力調整機構20が装着される。
【0028】
さらに、閂フック15には閂21が係合しており、この閂21に閂加圧力調整棒19がねじ止めされる。閂21に対する閂加圧力調整棒19のねじ止め位置を変更することにより皿バネ18の長さが調整され、これにより、皿バネ18が発生するバネ力の大きさが調整される。皿バネ18が発生するバネ力により、取替用炉蓋16は炭化室12へ向けて付勢される。
【0029】
また、図2(b) に示すように、取替用炉蓋16の側面には調整板22が取り付けられ、この調整板22には、図示するように屈曲した水平断面形状を有するシールプレート23が装着される。また、取替用炉蓋16の側方には、圧接スプリング24を内蔵した圧接装置25が設けられる。この圧接装置25の先端に設けられた加圧用端子26と前述したシールプレート23とによって、矩形枠形のナイフエッヂ27が支持される。
【0030】
この炉蓋取付けを完了した直後では、ナイフエッヂ27のナイフエッヂ先端27a とドアフレーム14のシート面14a との隙間の距離gは略零であり、この段階では、図2(b) に示すようなシート面14a 〜ナイフエッヂ先端27a 間隙間28は発生しない。
【0031】
このように、炉蓋取付けも、通常行われている周知慣用の手段により行えばよく、特定の手段による必要はないため、炉蓋取付けについてのこれ以上の説明は省略する。
【0032】
(v) 炉蓋調整
図3は、ドアフレーム14、取替用炉蓋16およびナイフエッヂ27を抽出して示す、図2(a) におけるB矢視図であって、図3(a) は取替用炉蓋16をコークス炉10の窯口部に装着した直後を示し、図3(b) は装着後の空窯時に取替用炉蓋16が熱歪みにより歪んで定常状態に達した状態を示し、さらに、図3(c) はナイフエッヂ27を調整した状態を示す。
【0033】
本実施形態では、図3(a) に示すように炉蓋取付けを行った後に1000℃程度の雰囲気温度にある炭化室12内に石炭を装入せずに例えば1時間程度放置すると、図3(b) に示すように取替用炉蓋16が炭化室12から受ける輻射熱による熱歪みはこの間に、ナイフエッヂ27のナイフエッヂ先端27a とドアフレーム14のシート面14a との間に距離gの隙間を生じて定常状態(約700 ℃)となる。
【0034】
そこで、本実施形態では、このような定常状態となった段階であって、炭化室12へ石炭を装入する前に、ナイフエッヂ27のナイフエッヂ先端27a とドアフレーム14のシート面14a との隙間の距離gを、矩形枠形のナイフエッヂ27の全周において零とする炉蓋調整、すなわち隙間調整作業を行う。これが本発明の最大の特徴である。
【0035】
炉蓋調整は、適宜手段により行えばよく、特定の手段には限定されない。例えば、ナイフエッヂ27を叩いて形状を調整する叩き出しや、ナイフエッヂ27の後方(炉外側)に装着されている圧接装置25のバネ力調整等を、単独でまたは組み合わせて行うことにより、ナイフエッヂ27のナイフエッヂ先端27a をシート面14a へ密着させ、炉蓋取付けの段階で発生したシート面14a 〜ナイフエッヂ先端27a 間隙間28の解消を図ればよい。
【0036】
本実施形態では、このような炉蓋調整を行うことにより、図3(c) に示すように、シート面14a 〜ナイフエッヂ先端27a 間隙間28が解消される。本実施形態では、この炉蓋調整を、取替用炉蓋16が炉内温度による熱歪みを受け1時間程度で定常状態(約700 ℃)になった後に行うため、シート面14a 〜ナイフエッヂ先端27a 間隙間28の解消を容易に行うことができる。
【0037】
また、本実施形態では、一旦、定常状態となる温度(約700 ℃)まで取替用炉蓋16を上昇させることにより炉蓋耐火物17が熱容量を保有するため、後続して行われる(vi)装炭および(vii) 乾留それぞれにおける炭化室12の温度変化によっても、取替用炉蓋16の熱歪みは殆ど発生せず、シート面14a 〜ナイフエッヂ先端27a 間隙間28が零である状態を維持し続けることができる。
【0038】
(vi)装炭
このようにして炉蓋調整を行った後、図示しない装炭孔から炭化室12内へ石炭を装入する。
【0039】
この石炭の装入に際しては、前述した炉蓋調整 (隙間調整作業) を行うだけではなく、炭化室12内であって取り替えて装着した取替用炉蓋16の近傍への石炭装入量を、通常操業時の石炭装入量よりも減らすことを併用することにより、装着した取替用炉蓋16の近傍におけるガス圧を低減することができる。これにより、炭化室12内からの石炭微粉やコールタールがシート面14a 〜ナイフエッヂ先端27a 間隙間28へ向かう量自体を削減することにより、炭化室12からのガス洩れをさらに抑制することができる。
【0040】
図4は、コークス炉10への石炭装入状況を模式的に示す説明図である。本実施形態において、取替用炉蓋16の近傍への石炭装入量を、通常操業時の石炭装入量よりも減らすことは、同図における実線▲1▼がこのコークス炉10への通常操業時の石炭装入量を示すとした場合に、例えば、破線▲2▼で示すように装入量を炭化室12の全域で低減してもよく、また、一点鎖線▲3▼で示すように取替用炉蓋16の近傍に位置する炭化室12の端部のみで低減してもよい。
【0041】
低減量は、通常操業時の石炭装入量の例えば5%以上10%以下とすることが望ましい。低減量が5%未満であると、炭化室12内からの石炭微粉やコールタールがシート面14a 〜ナイフエッヂ先端27a 間隙間28へ向かう量自体の削減効果を得ることが難しく、一方10%を超えると、乾留末期のエア吸い込みによる影響によりガス洩れ量が増加するとともにコークス炉10の生産効率の低下が著しいからである。
【0042】
(vii) 乾留
このようにして、装炭を終了した後に、コークス炉10に装入された石炭を、適当な操業条件で乾留することによってコークスを製造すればよい。
【0043】
このようにして、本実施の形態により、コークス炉10の操業時間の増加により、ナイフエッヂ27がドアフレーム14のシート面14a との当接や炭化室12内に発生したコークス炉ガス等による腐食減肉等によって摩耗・変形し、シール性が徐々に失われた炉蓋が取替用炉蓋16に取り替えられる。
【0044】
この本実施の形態によれば、取替用炉蓋16の取替後の炉蓋調整を、窯出し後であって装炭前に行うため、取替用炉蓋16本体の熱歪みが急激に定常状態に達し、この状態で炉蓋調整を行うことができるために最適な調整が可能となり、シート面14a 〜ナイフエッヂ先端27a 間隙間28を最小限に調整でき、これにより、コークス炉10のガス洩れを削減若しくは解消できる。
【0045】
また、本実施の形態によれば、石炭装入前にナイフエッヂ27とドアフレーム14とを密着させるよう炉蓋調整を行うため、シート面14a 〜ナイフエッヂ先端27a 間隙間28に石炭やタールを噛み込むことなく部分的な歪みを回避でき、これにより、コークス炉10のガス洩れを削減若しくは解消できる。
【0046】
さらに、従来は、炉蓋の変形等が発生すると部分的に通常より強い力で圧接あるいは叩き出し等の処置を行う必要が生じ、その手間と時間とが相当程度 (3日間程度) 必要であったが、本実施の形態により、炉蓋取替後の数時間でかかる処置を完了できるため、他の炉蓋の調整等を行うことができ、この点からもコークス炉10のさらなるガス洩れの削減を図ることができる。
【0047】
【実施例】
さらに、本発明を実施例を参照しながらより具体的に説明する。
(実施例1)
図1〜図3に示す本発明にかかるコークス炉の炉蓋取替方法 (本発明例) と、図9および図10に示す従来のコークス炉の炉蓋取替方法 (従来例) とを用いて、コークス炉の操業を行った。
【0048】
本発明例では、コークス炉10における通常操業の炉蓋脱着タイミングで、通常の炉蓋脱着および窯出しを行い、この炭化室12に石炭を装入する前に、取替用炉蓋16のナイフエッヂ27とドアフレーム14との密着調整を約1時間かけて行った。一方、比較例では、コークス炉1における通常操業の炉蓋脱着タイミングで、通常の炉蓋脱着および窯出しを行い、この炭化室6に石炭を装入して乾留を行うと同時期に、取替用炉蓋2のナイフエッヂ5とドアフレーム4との密着調整を行った。
【0049】
そして、調整結果(ナイフエッヂとドアフレームとの間の隙間量)と、炉蓋歪み割合と、炉蓋耐火物温度とを、経時的に測定した。結果を表1にまとめて示すとともに、従来例の結果を図5に、本発明例の結果を図6にそれぞれ示す。
【0050】
【表1】

Figure 0003714139
表1、図5および図6から、従来例にかかる炉蓋取替方法によれば、ガス洩れが殆ど発生しない隙間0.1mm未満になるまで約3日間程度かかっていたが、本発明例にかかる炉蓋取替方法によれば炉蓋調整直後から隙間は0.1 mm未満を維持したまま殆ど変化しなかった。
【0051】
なお、本発明例によれば、装入時刻を1時間程度遅延させることになるが、この遅延による乾留時間への影響は、石炭の装入量を低減することにより短縮でき、実操業上問題なく操業を継続することができた。
【0052】
(実施例2)
図1〜図4に示す本発明にかかるコークス炉の炉蓋取替方法 (本発明例) と、図9および図10に示す従来のコークス炉の炉蓋取替方法 (従来例) とを用いて、コークス炉の操業を行った。
【0053】
すなわち、前述したように、石炭装入前の炉蓋調整後に取替用炉蓋16の近傍の装入量を減らすことにより、取替用炉蓋16のナイフエッヂ27とドアフレーム14のシート面14a との間に隙間が完全には解消されずに残っていても、石炭粉やガス・タールの吹き出しを抑制できる。
【0054】
そこで、本実施例では、石炭装入量の減少割合のガス洩れ程度に及ぼす影響をテストした。結果を図7および図8にそれぞれグラフで示す。図7は、炉蓋近傍の石炭装入量低減によるガス圧力低減効果を示すグラフであり、一方、図8は、炉蓋取替後の炉蓋近傍の石炭装入量減量割合とガス洩れ程度の関係を示すグラフである。
【0055】
図7および図8にグラフで示すように、減量割合の増加に伴いガス洩れ程度は低下したが、ある一定量を超えると乾留末期のエア吸い込みによる影響で悪化した。今回調査した結果によれば、減量割合は、通常操業時に対して5%以上10%以下とすることが望ましいことがわかった。
【0056】
【発明の効果】
以上詳細に説明したように、本発明にかかるコークス炉の炉蓋取替方法により、炉蓋取替後3日間程度の長期間にわたって不可避的に発生するコークス炉からのガス洩れを、例えば数時間程度の極めて短い期間で完全に解消することが可能となった。
【0057】
かかる効果を有する本発明の意義は、極めて著しい。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】コークス炉の炉蓋の本実施の形態の取替手順を経時的に示す説明図である。
【図2】図2(a) は、実施の形態における、コークス炉に取り付けられた取替用炉蓋を示す水平断面図であり、図2(b) は、図2(a) におけるA部の拡大図である。
【図3】ドアフレーム、取替用炉蓋およびナイフエッヂを抽出して示す、図2(a) におけるB矢視図であって、図3(a) は取替用炉蓋をコークス炉の窯口部に装着した直後を示し、図3(b) は装着後の空窯時に取替用炉蓋が熱歪みにより歪んだ状態を示し、さらに、図3(c) はナイフエッヂを調整した状態を示す。
【図4】コークス炉への石炭装入状況を模式的に示す説明図である。
【図5】実施例1における従来例の結果を示すグラフである。
【図6】実施例1における本発明例の結果を示すグラフである。
【図7】実施例2において、炉蓋近傍の石炭装入量低減によるガス圧力低減効果を示すグラフである。
【図8】実施例2において、炉蓋取替後の炉蓋近傍の石炭装入量減量割合とガス洩れ程度の関係を示すグラフである。
【図9】コークス炉の説明図であって、図9(a) はコークス炉の炭化室を模式的に示す説明図、図9(b) は図9(a) におけるA−A断面図である。
【図10】コークス炉の炉蓋の従来の取替手順を経時的に示す説明図である。
【符号の説明】
10 コークス炉
11 窯口煉瓦
12 炭化室
13 保護板
14 ドアフレーム
14a シート面
15 閂フック
16 取替用炉蓋
17 炉蓋耐火物
18 皿バネ
19 閂加圧力調整棒
20 閂加圧力調整機構
21 閂
22 調整板
23 シールプレート
24 圧接スプリング
25 圧接装置
26 加圧端子
27 ナイフエッヂ
27a ナイフエッヂ先端
28 シート面14a 〜ナイフエッヂ先端27a 間隙間
29 バックステイ[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a method for replacing a coke oven lid, and specifically, for example, a gas leak from a coke oven that inevitably occurs over a long period of about 3 days after the oven lid replacement, for example, about several hours. The present invention relates to a method for replacing the lid of a coke oven that can be completely eliminated in an extremely short period of time.
[0002]
[Prior art]
As is well known, coke ovens produce coke that is used as a reducing agent during blast furnace operation by dry distillation of coal. During dry distillation, coke oven gas and coal tar are by-produced in addition to coke. The furnace body of the coke oven is roughly divided into a carbonization chamber, a heating chamber (combustion chamber), and a heat storage chamber, and each is configured by stacking a large number of dense refractory bricks.
[0003]
FIG. 9 is an explanatory view of the coke oven 1, FIG. 9 (a) is an explanatory view schematically showing a carbonization chamber of the coke oven 1, and FIG. 9 (b) is an AA cross section in FIG. 9 (a). FIG. As shown in FIG. 9 (a) and FIG. 9 (b), the carbonization chambers 6-1 to 6-46 of the coke oven 1 are arranged in a state where a large number (46 in FIG. 9) are arranged. Furnace lids 2-1 to 2-46 are provided at the openings of the chambers 6-1 to 6-46, respectively. The coke oven 1 opens the furnace lids 2-1 to 2-46, discharges the produced coke, closes the furnace lids 2-1 to 2-46, and enters the carbonization chambers 6-1 to 6-46. It is operated by repeatedly charging and carbonizing coal from a coal loading hole (not shown). A rectangular frame-shaped door frame (furnace lid frame) 3-1 to 3-46 is provided at the opening of the carbonization chambers 6-1 to 6-46, that is, the kiln opening of the coke oven 1. When 2-1 to 2-46 are closed, the knife edge 5- provided on the inner surface of the furnace lid 2-1 to 2-46 on the seat surface 4-1 to 4-46 of the door frame 3-1 to 3-46 1 to 5-46 abut with metal touch. As a result, the carbonization chambers 6-1 to 6-46 are sealed, and gas leakage that occurs after coal charging is prevented. In FIG. 9B, reference numeral 7 denotes a backstay, reference numeral 8 denotes a protective plate, and reference numeral 9 denotes a brick.
[0004]
When the operating time of such a coke oven 1 increases, the knife edges 5-1 to 5-46 of the furnace lids 2-1 to 2-46 are replaced with the seat surfaces 4-1 to the door frames 3-1 to 3-46. It wears and deforms due to contact with 4-46 and corrosion thinning due to coke oven gas etc. generated in the carbonization chamber 6-1 to 6-46. For this reason, the sealing performance of the furnace lids 2-1 to 2-46 is gradually lost, and gas leakage increases. Therefore, it is necessary to periodically replace the furnace lids 2-1 to 2-46 of the coke oven 1 with new or repaired replacement furnace lids.
[0005]
FIG. 10 is an explanatory view showing the conventional replacement procedure of the furnace lids 2-1 to 2-46 of the coke oven 1 over time. As shown in the figure, the furnace lids 2-1 to 2-46 on which the knife edges 5-1 to 5-46 were worn and deformed were removed and removed after leaving the kiln after the coke dry distillation or before leaving the kiln. After replacing the furnace lid (cover replacement) by attaching the replacement furnace lids 2-1 'to 2-46', the coal was charged, and during the dry distillation of the charged coal, Sheet surface 4-1 'of door frame 3-1' to 3-46 'repaired at the same time when the furnace lid was replaced with knife edges 5-1' to 5-46 'of 1' to 2-46 ' It was in close contact with ~ 4-46 '.
[0006]
However, since the furnace lids 2-1 'to 2-46' are deformed due to thermal distortion during dry distillation after coal charging, the knife edges 5-1 'to the furnace lids 2-1' to 2-46 ' A gap is generated between 5-46 'and door frames 3-1' to 3-46 ', and the sealing performance of furnace lids 2-1' to 2-46 'decreases. Therefore, during dry distillation, the knife edge 5-1 'to 5-46' is knocked out, or the pressing load of the unillustrated pressure spring mounted behind the knife edge 5-1 'to 5-46' (outside the furnace) By performing gap adjustment work such as increasing the size at the same time as dry distillation, the knife edges 5-1 'to 5-46' can be moved to the sheet surfaces 4-1 'to 4-46' without reducing the operating rate of the coke oven. In order to eliminate the generated gap.
[0007]
However, since the deformation due to the thermal strain generated in the replaced furnace lids 2-1 ′ to 2-46 ′ progresses gradually, gas leakage from the gap inevitably occurs for several days when the deformation proceeds. For this reason, it was necessary to take measures for gas leakage after charging coal for several days after the replacement of the furnace lids 2-1 ′ to 2-46 ′.
[0008]
Therefore, in Japanese Patent No. 2749491, a furnace lid of a type in which a metal shield is attached to the inside of the furnace body through a joint forming a gap for the furnace lid gas passage, The invention proposes to prevent the leakage of coal into the furnace gas path and suppress the influence of the thermal distortion of the furnace lid by replacing it during the period of time and preheating the metal shield with a predetermined installation time. Has been.
[0009]
Further, in JP-A-3-263486, a furnace lid to be replaced is preliminarily heated using a heating device to give a thermal strain, and then exchanged to reduce gas leakage. An invention for suppressing the influence has been proposed.
[0010]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In the invention proposed by Japanese Patent No. 2749491, it is possible to replace the furnace lid while the coke is in the furnace, and to give a predetermined installation time. The amount of heat for heating the furnace lid body and the refractory cannot be secured in a steady state that does not occur. For this reason, according to the present invention, it is necessary to perform the above-described clearance adjustment work and gas leakage treatment work after coal charging for several days after the replacement of the furnace lid.
[0011]
Further, in the invention proposed by Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 3-263486, it is difficult to uniformly heat the furnace lid even if a heating device is used. Therefore, deformation due to thermal distortion occurs after the furnace lid is replaced. For this reason, according to the present invention, it is necessary to perform the above-described clearance adjustment work and gas leakage treatment work after coal charging for several days after the replacement of the furnace lid. Furthermore, since a furnace heating device is not usually used, it is necessary to newly install this heating device, which increases equipment costs.
[0012]
Further, in these conventional inventions, the gap adjustment work is performed in a state in which gas leakage has occurred from the furnace lid, which is an environmental or sanitary problem, as well as coal fines and coal tar from the coke oven. If it enters the gap between the knife edge and the sheet surface, the gap cannot be eliminated even if the gap adjustment work is performed.
[0013]
An object of the present invention is to provide a coke oven that can completely eliminate gas leakage from a coke oven that inevitably occurs over a long period of about 3 days after the replacement of the furnace lid, for example, in a very short period of about several hours. It is to provide a furnace cover replacement method.
[0014]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present invention, for example a furnace lid adjustments made after the replacement of the furnace lid with a refractory mounted on carbon reduction chamber side with provided carbonization chamber of the chamber furnace-type coke ovens, kilns opening of the coke oven After the amount of thermal strain generated in the furnace lid attached to the furnace becomes substantially constant, before charging the coal into the carbonization chamber, that is, when the carbonization chamber is a so-called empty kiln. This is a method for replacing the lid of a coke oven. According to the furnace lid replacement method for a coke oven according to the present invention, the gap between the knife edge of the furnace lid and the seat surface of the door frame can be eliminated quickly and continuously, and gas leakage from the coke oven can be prevented. It becomes possible to eliminate it at an early stage.
[0015]
In the furnace cover replacement method of the coke oven according to the present invention, the "replacement of the furnace cover" means contact with the seat surface of the door frame, corrosion reduction due to coke oven gas generated in the carbonization chamber, or the like. The replacement of a furnace lid that has been worn and deformed and has gradually lost its sealing performance with a new or repaired furnace lid.
[0016]
Further, in the method of replacing the furnace lid of the coke oven according to the present invention, “furnace lid adjustment” refers to various adjustments performed to bring the knife edge of the furnace lid into close contact with the seat surface of the door frame.
[0017]
In the coke oven furnace lid replacement method according to the present invention, after finishing the furnace lid adjustment, the coal charge amount at least in the vicinity of the furnace cover is set to, for example, 5% or more from the coal charge amount during normal operation. It is desirable to reduce it to less than% in order to reduce knife edge distortion corrosion and gas leakage.
[0018]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, an embodiment of a furnace cover replacement method for a coke oven according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0019]
In the present embodiment, as the operating time of the coke oven increases, the knife edge of the furnace lid gradually wears due to contact with the seat surface of the door frame, corrosion reduction due to the coke oven gas generated in the carbonization chamber, etc.・ Deformation has gradually lost the sealing performance of the furnace lid, and gas leakage has increased. After the dry distillation in (i) described later is completed, a worn or deformed furnace lid is newly installed or repaired. The following explanation will be given on the premise that the furnace cover is being replaced.
[0020]
FIG. 1 is an explanatory view showing the replacement procedure of the present embodiment of the furnace lid of the coke oven over time. As shown in FIG. 1, in the present embodiment, (i) dry distillation, (ii) removing the furnace lid, (iii) taking out the kiln, (iv) attaching the furnace lid, (v) adjusting the furnace lid, (vi) coal loading And (vii) The coke oven lid is replaced by the procedure of carbonization. Hereinafter, this procedure will be described.
[0021]
(i) Carbonization In this embodiment, coke used as a reducing agent during blast furnace operation is produced by carbonizing coal charged in a coke oven under appropriate operating conditions. By this dry distillation, in addition to coke, coke oven gas and gas liquid, coal tar and the like as raw materials for chemical products are by-produced.
[0022]
The operating conditions and the like at the time of dry distillation may be well-known ones and need not be specific conditions, so further description of dry distillation will be omitted.
(ii) After the furnace lid is removed and dry distillation is completed, the furnace lid attached to the kiln opening of the coke oven and sealing the carbonization chamber is removed. The removal of the furnace cover may be performed by well-known and commonly used means, and it is not necessary to use a specific means, and therefore further explanation of the removal of the furnace cover is omitted.
[0023]
(iii) After removing the kiln cover, so-called kiln discharging, in which coke in the carbonizing chamber is carried out from the opening of the carbonizing chamber, that is, the kiln opening of the coke oven, is performed. The kiln can be removed by well-known and commonly used means, and it is not necessary to use a specific means, so that further explanation of the kiln is omitted.
[0024]
(iv) Furnace mounting In this embodiment, when the kiln is finished and when the coal to be subjected to the next dry distillation is not yet charged in the carbonization chamber, that is, when the coke oven is a so-called empty kiln, Attach a replacement furnace lid to the mouth of the coke oven.
[0025]
FIG. 2 (a) is a horizontal sectional view showing the replacement furnace lid 16 attached to the coke oven 10 in the present embodiment, and FIG. 2 (b) is a view of part A in FIG. 2 (a). It is an enlarged view. The attachment structure of the replacement furnace lid 16 to the coke oven 10 in the present embodiment is a well-known and commonly used structure, and will be briefly described below.
[0026]
As shown in FIG. 2 (a), a rectangular frame type protective plate 13 is appropriately provided at the opening of the carbonization chamber 12 formed by a large number of kiln bricks 11, that is, on the outer surface of the kiln mouth of the coke oven 10. (For example, backstay 29). A door frame 14 having a rectangular frame shape and a substantially L-shaped horizontal cross section as shown in the figure is fixed to the outer surface of the protective plate 13 by appropriate means (for example, fastening with bolts). Further, a hook hook 15 that engages with a hook 21 to be described later is fixed near the outer edge of the door frame 14.
[0027]
On the other hand, a replacement furnace lid 16 is provided at the opening of the carbonization chamber 12. On the side of the carbonization chamber 12 of the replacement furnace lid 16, a thermal furnace lid refractory 17 for protecting the replacement furnace lid 16 from the heat from the carbonization chamber 12 is mounted. The length of the disc spring 18 can be adjusted by screwing it onto the outside of the replacement furnace lid 16 and a disc spring 18 that urges the replacement furnace lid 16 toward the inside of the furnace and a rod 21 described later. A pressurizing pressure adjusting mechanism 20 having a proper pressurizing pressure adjusting rod 19 is mounted.
[0028]
Further, a collar 21 is engaged with the collar hook 15, and a collar pressure adjusting rod 19 is screwed to the collar 21. The length of the disc spring 18 is adjusted by changing the screwing position of the pressurizing pressure adjusting rod 19 with respect to the rod 21, and thereby the magnitude of the spring force generated by the disc spring 18 is adjusted. The replacement furnace lid 16 is biased toward the carbonization chamber 12 by the spring force generated by the disc spring 18.
[0029]
Further, as shown in FIG. 2 (b), an adjustment plate 22 is attached to the side surface of the replacement furnace lid 16, and a seal plate 23 having a horizontal cross-sectional shape bent as shown in the drawing. Is installed. A pressure welding device 25 having a pressure welding spring 24 built in is provided on the side of the replacement furnace lid 16. A rectangular frame-shaped knife edge 27 is supported by the pressurizing terminal 26 provided at the tip of the press contact device 25 and the seal plate 23 described above.
[0030]
Immediately after completing the furnace lid attachment, the distance g between the knife edge tip 27a of the knife edge 27 and the seat surface 14a of the door frame 14 is substantially zero. At this stage, as shown in FIG. There is no gap 28 between the sheet surface 14a and the knife edge tip 27a.
[0031]
As described above, the furnace lid attachment may be performed by well-known and commonly used means, and it is not necessary to use a specific means, so that further explanation of the furnace lid attachment is omitted.
[0032]
(v) Furnace Adjustment FIG. 3 is a view taken in the direction of arrow B in FIG. 2 (a), showing the door frame 14, the replacement furnace lid 16 and the knife edge 27 extracted, and FIG. FIG. 3 (b) shows the state immediately after the replacement furnace cover 16 is installed in the furnace opening of the coke oven 10, and the replacement furnace cover 16 is distorted by thermal strain and reaches a steady state during the empty furnace after installation. Further, FIG. 3 (c) shows a state in which the knife edge 27 is adjusted.
[0033]
In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3 (a), after attaching the furnace lid, if the coal is left in the carbonization chamber 12 at an atmospheric temperature of about 1000 ° C. without being charged, for example, for about 1 hour, FIG. As shown in (b), the thermal distortion due to the radiant heat received from the carbonization chamber 12 by the replacement furnace lid 16 is between the knife edge tip 27a of the knife edge 27 and the seat surface 14a of the door frame 14 at a distance g. A gap is created and the steady state (about 700 ° C) is reached.
[0034]
Therefore, in this embodiment, at the stage where such a steady state is reached, before charging the coal into the carbonization chamber 12, the knife edge tip 27a of the knife edge 27 and the seat surface 14a of the door frame 14 Furnace lid adjustment, that is, clearance adjustment work is performed so that the gap distance g is zero on the entire circumference of the rectangular frame-shaped knife edge 27. This is the greatest feature of the present invention.
[0035]
The furnace cover adjustment may be performed by appropriate means, and is not limited to a specific means. For example, it is possible to adjust the shape by striking the knife edge 27, or to adjust the spring force of the pressure welding device 25 mounted behind the knife edge 27 (outside of the furnace), alone or in combination. The knife edge tip 27a of the edge 27 may be brought into close contact with the sheet surface 14a to eliminate the gap 28 between the sheet surface 14a and the knife edge tip 27a generated at the stage of attaching the furnace lid.
[0036]
In the present embodiment, by performing such furnace lid adjustment, the gap 28 between the sheet surface 14a and the knife edge tip 27a is eliminated as shown in FIG. In the present embodiment, this furnace lid adjustment is performed after the replacement furnace lid 16 is subjected to thermal distortion due to the temperature in the furnace and reaches a steady state (about 700 ° C.) in about one hour. Therefore, the sheet surface 14a to the knife edge The clearance 28 between the tips 27a can be easily eliminated.
[0037]
Further, in the present embodiment, since the furnace refractory 17 has a heat capacity by raising the replacement furnace cover 16 to a temperature at which it reaches a steady state (about 700 ° C.), this is performed subsequently (vi. ) Almost no thermal distortion of the replacement furnace lid 16 due to temperature changes in the carbonization chamber 12 in the coal charging and (vii) carbonization, and the gap 28 between the sheet surface 14a and the knife edge tip 27a is zero. Can continue to maintain.
[0038]
(vi) Charging After performing the furnace lid adjustment in this way, coal is charged into the carbonization chamber 12 through a charring hole (not shown).
[0039]
When charging the coal, not only the above-described furnace lid adjustment (gap adjustment work) is performed, but the amount of coal charged in the vicinity of the replacement furnace lid 16 installed in the carbonization chamber 12 is replaced. The gas pressure in the vicinity of the installed replacement furnace lid 16 can be reduced by using in combination with a reduction in the amount of coal charged during normal operation. As a result, by reducing the amount of coal dust and coal tar from the carbonization chamber 12 heading to the gap 28 between the sheet surface 14a and the knife edge tip 27a itself, gas leakage from the carbonization chamber 12 can be further suppressed. .
[0040]
FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram schematically showing the state of coal charging into the coke oven 10. In the present embodiment, reducing the amount of coal charged in the vicinity of the replacement furnace lid 16 to less than the amount of coal charged during normal operation indicates that the solid line (1) in FIG. When the coal charge during operation is shown, for example, as shown by the broken line (2), the charge may be reduced over the entire region of the carbonization chamber 12, and as indicated by the alternate long and short dash line (3). Alternatively, it may be reduced only at the end of the carbonization chamber 12 located in the vicinity of the replacement furnace lid 16.
[0041]
The amount of reduction is preferably 5% to 10% of the amount of coal charged during normal operation. If the reduction amount is less than 5%, it is difficult to obtain a reduction effect of the amount of coal dust and coal tar from the carbonization chamber 12 heading to the gap 28 between the sheet surface 14a and the knife edge tip 27a, while 10% This is because the amount of gas leakage increases due to the effect of air suction at the end of dry distillation, and the production efficiency of the coke oven 10 is significantly reduced.
[0042]
(vii) Carbonization After completion of coal charging in this way, coke may be produced by carbonizing the coal charged in the coke oven 10 under appropriate operating conditions.
[0043]
In this way, according to the present embodiment, due to an increase in the operating time of the coke oven 10, the knife edge 27 is brought into contact with the seat surface 14a of the door frame 14 and is corroded by the coke oven gas generated in the carbonization chamber 12. The furnace lid that has been worn and deformed due to thinning or the like and has gradually lost its sealing performance is replaced with a replacement furnace lid 16.
[0044]
According to this embodiment, since the furnace cover adjustment after the replacement of the replacement furnace cover 16 is performed after the furnace is discharged and before the coal loading, the thermal distortion of the replacement furnace cover 16 body is abrupt. In this state, the furnace lid can be adjusted, so that the optimum adjustment is possible, and the gap 28 between the sheet surface 14a and the knife edge tip 27a can be adjusted to the minimum. Gas leakage can be reduced or eliminated.
[0045]
Further, according to the present embodiment, since the furnace lid is adjusted so that the knife edge 27 and the door frame 14 are brought into close contact with each other before the coal is charged, coal or tar is placed in the gap 28 between the seat surface 14a and the knife edge tip 27a. Partial distortion can be avoided without biting, and thereby gas leakage from the coke oven 10 can be reduced or eliminated.
[0046]
Furthermore, in the past, when a furnace lid deformation or the like occurred, it was necessary to perform a treatment such as pressure welding or knocking out with a force stronger than usual, which required considerable time and effort (about 3 days). However, according to the present embodiment, it is possible to complete the treatment in several hours after the replacement of the furnace lid, so it is possible to adjust other furnace lids, etc. From this point, further gas leakage of the coke oven 10 can be performed. Reduction can be achieved.
[0047]
【Example】
Furthermore, the present invention will be described more specifically with reference to examples.
(Example 1)
A coke oven furnace lid replacement method (example of the present invention) according to the present invention shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 and a conventional coke oven furnace lid replacement method (conventional example) shown in FIGS. 9 and 10 are used. The coke oven was operated.
[0048]
In the example of the present invention, normal furnace lid desorption and kiln removal are performed at the furnace lid desorption timing of normal operation in the coke oven 10, and before the coal is charged into the carbonization chamber 12, the knife of the replacement furnace lid 16 is used. The adhesion adjustment between the edge 27 and the door frame 14 was performed for about 1 hour. On the other hand, in the comparative example, normal furnace lid removal and kiln removal are performed at the furnace lid removal timing of normal operation in the coke oven 1, and coal is charged into the carbonization chamber 6 and dry distillation is performed at the same time. Adhesion adjustment between the knife edge 5 of the replacement furnace lid 2 and the door frame 4 was performed.
[0049]
Then, the adjustment results (the gap amount between the knife edge and the door frame), the furnace cover distortion ratio, and the furnace cover refractory temperature were measured over time. The results are shown together in Table 1, the results of the conventional example are shown in FIG. 5, and the results of the example of the present invention are shown in FIG.
[0050]
[Table 1]
Figure 0003714139
From Table 1, FIG. 5, and FIG. 6, according to the furnace cover replacement method according to the conventional example, it took about 3 days until the gap became less than 0.1 mm where gas leakage hardly occurred. According to such a furnace cover replacement method, the gap remained almost unchanged from less than 0.1 mm immediately after the furnace cover adjustment.
[0051]
In addition, according to the example of the present invention, the charging time is delayed by about 1 hour, but the influence on the dry distillation time due to this delay can be shortened by reducing the charging amount of coal, which is a problem in practical operation. It was possible to continue the operation without any problems.
[0052]
(Example 2)
A coke oven furnace lid replacement method (invention example) according to the present invention shown in FIGS. 1 to 4 and a conventional coke oven furnace lid replacement method (conventional example) shown in FIGS. 9 and 10 are used. The coke oven was operated.
[0053]
That is, as described above, the knife edge 27 of the replacement furnace cover 16 and the seat surface of the door frame 14 are reduced by reducing the amount of charge in the vicinity of the replacement furnace cover 16 after adjusting the furnace cover before charging the coal. Even if the gap with 14a is not completely eliminated, the blowing of coal powder and gas / tar can be suppressed.
[0054]
Therefore, in this example, the influence of the reduction rate of the coal charge amount on the degree of gas leakage was tested. The results are shown graphically in FIGS. 7 and 8, respectively. FIG. 7 is a graph showing the effect of reducing the gas pressure by reducing the coal charge in the vicinity of the furnace lid, while FIG. 8 shows the rate of reduction in the amount of coal charge and the degree of gas leakage in the vicinity of the furnace cover after the furnace cover replacement. It is a graph which shows the relationship.
[0055]
As shown in the graphs of FIGS. 7 and 8, the degree of gas leakage decreased with an increase in the weight loss rate, but when it exceeded a certain amount, it deteriorated due to the influence of air suction at the end of dry distillation. According to the results of this investigation, it was found that the weight loss ratio is desirably 5% or more and 10% or less with respect to the normal operation.
[0056]
【The invention's effect】
As described above in detail, the leakage of gas from the coke oven, which inevitably occurs over a long period of about three days after the replacement of the furnace lid, is performed, for example, several hours by the method of replacing the furnace lid according to the present invention. It became possible to completely eliminate the problem in a very short period.
[0057]
The significance of the present invention having such an effect is extremely remarkable.
[Brief description of the drawings]
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing a replacement procedure of a coke oven furnace cover according to the present embodiment over time.
FIG. 2 (a) is a horizontal sectional view showing a replacement furnace lid attached to a coke oven in the embodiment, and FIG. 2 (b) is a part A in FIG. 2 (a). FIG.
FIG. 3 is a view taken in the direction of arrow B in FIG. 2 (a), showing the door frame, replacement furnace lid and knife edge extracted, and FIG. 3 (a) shows the replacement furnace lid of the coke oven. Fig. 3 (b) shows the state where the replacement furnace lid was distorted by thermal distortion during the empty kiln after installation, and Fig. 3 (c) shows the knife edge adjusted. Indicates the state.
FIG. 4 is an explanatory view schematically showing the state of coal charging into a coke oven.
5 is a graph showing a result of a conventional example in Example 1. FIG.
6 is a graph showing the results of an example of the present invention in Example 1. FIG.
7 is a graph showing the gas pressure reduction effect by reducing the amount of coal charged in the vicinity of the furnace lid in Example 2. FIG.
FIG. 8 is a graph showing the relationship between the reduction rate of the amount of coal charged in the vicinity of the furnace lid and the degree of gas leakage after the furnace lid replacement in Example 2.
9 is an explanatory view of a coke oven, FIG. 9 (a) is an explanatory view schematically showing a carbonization chamber of the coke oven, and FIG. 9 (b) is an AA sectional view in FIG. 9 (a). is there.
FIG. 10 is an explanatory view showing a conventional replacement procedure of a furnace cover of a coke oven over time.
[Explanation of symbols]
10 Coke oven
11 Kamaguchi brick
12 Carbonization chamber
13 Protection plate
14 Door frame
14a Seat surface
15 Hook
16 Replacement furnace lid
17 Furnace refractories
18 Belleville spring
19 閂 Pressure adjusting rod
20 Applying pressure adjustment mechanism
21 閂
22 Adjustment plate
23 Seal plate
24 Pressure spring
25 Pressure welding equipment
26 Pressure terminal
27 Knife Edge
27a Knife edge tip
28 Clearance between sheet surface 14a and knife edge tip 27a
29 Backstay

Claims (2)

コークス炉の炭化室に設けられるとともに該炭化室側に装着された耐火物を備える炉蓋を取替えた後に行われる炉蓋調整を、該コークス炉の窯口部に取り付けられた当該炉蓋に発生する熱歪みの量が略一定となった後であって前記炭化室に石炭を装入する前に行うことを特徴とするコークス炉の炉蓋取替方法。Furnace lid adjustment performed after replacing the furnace lid provided with the refractory mounted on the coking chamber side and provided in the carbonization chamber of the coke oven occurs in the furnace lid attached to the kiln mouth portion of the coke oven A coke oven lid replacement method, which is performed after the amount of thermal distortion to be performed becomes substantially constant and before charging the coal into the carbonization chamber. 前記炉蓋調整を終了した後に、前記炉蓋の少なくとも近傍への石炭装入量を通常操業時の石炭装入量の5〜10%に低減することを特徴とする請求項1に記載されたコークス炉の炉蓋取替方法。The coal charge amount at least in the vicinity of the furnace cover is reduced to 5 to 10% of the coal charge amount during normal operation after finishing the furnace cover adjustment. Coke oven cover replacement method.
JP2000276528A 2000-09-12 2000-09-12 Coke oven cover replacement method Expired - Fee Related JP3714139B2 (en)

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