JP3703574B2

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Info

Publication number: JP3703574B2
Application number: JP22051196A
Authority: JP
Inventors: 達也天見
Original assignee: Kuken Co Ltd
Current assignee: Kuken Co Ltd
Priority date: 1996-08-02
Filing date: 1996-08-02
Publication date: 2005-10-05
Anticipated expiration: 2016-08-02
Also published as: JPH1044053A

Description

【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、ボルトやナット等の螺子を締め付けたり、緩めたりするために使用するスパナ、特に、動力による螺子の締め付けを行ったのち、手締めが可能なスパナに関するものである。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
電動レンチやエアーレンチにおいては、その動力による締め付けトルクでは螺子を完全に締め付けることができないために、動力による締め付け後、手締めによって締め付けが行えるように構成している。このようなレンチとしては、例えば、特開平３ー２５１３７４号公報に記載された電動レンチがある。このレンチは、図６に示すように、本体の円筒状頭部31内の中央部に、周面の三方に出力側突起33を突設してなる出力軸32を回転自在に配設すると共に隣接する出力側突起33、33間における頭部31と出力軸32との対向面間の空間部に入力側突起34を出力軸回りに回転自在に配設し、さらに、出力側突起33と入力側突起34との間の空間部を楔状空間部35、36に形成してそれぞれの空間部35、36に円柱形状のロック部材37、38を介在させた構造を有している。
【０００３】
そして、動力による締め付けを行う際には、図において入力側突起34を右回り方向に回転させることによって、一方のロック部材37を介して出力側突起33を押圧することにより出力軸32に回転を伝達し、入力側突起34を左回り方向に回転させることによって、他方のロック部材38を介して出力側突起33を押圧することにより出力軸32に回転を伝達するように構成している。この時、ロック部材37、38は楔状空間部35、36の遊動領域内に位置して楔状空間部35、36に食い込むことはない。
【０００４】
次に、手締めにより締め付けを行う際には、頭部31と出力軸32とを相反する方向に相対的に回転させると、右方向の回転時には一方のロック部材38が楔状空間部36に食い込み、左方向の回転時には他方のロック部材37が楔状空間部35に食い込んで、それぞれの方向に手締めを行えるようになる。
【０００５】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかしながら、上記のようにレンチでは、右方向の回転用ロック部材37と左方向の回転用ロック部材38とを使用しているために、出力軸32の断面形状を始め、装置全体の構造が複雑化し、故障がし易くなるという問題点があった。本発明はこのような問題点に鑑みてなされたもので、１種のロック部材によって左右の締め付け方向への回転伝達を可能にし、全体の構造を簡素化して確実な締め付けを可能にしたレンチの提供を目的とするものである。
【０００６】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記目的を達成するために本発明のスパナは、ハンドル体１の頭部２にハンドル体１の長さ方向に直角な断面正多角形の出力軸４を回転自在に配設し、動力源からの回転駆動力を出力軸４に回転伝達機構を介して伝達すると共にロック機構を介してハンドル体１の左右方向の回動力を出力軸４に同一方向の回転力として伝達するように構成したスパナにおいて、上記回転伝達機構は、動力源からの回転駆動力によって回転する入力軸６の先端に一体に設けた傘歯車７に出力軸４に回転自在に被嵌した傘歯車８を噛合させ、この傘歯車８の外周上面に突設した複数本の入力側突起９と上記断面正多角形の出力軸４の各面の中央部に外方に向けて突設した出力側突起10とを小間隔を存して交互に配設して入力側突起９を出力側突起10に押当させることにより回転力を伝達するように構成し、ロック機構は、上記各出力側突起10の上方における出力軸４の各面と頭部２の円形内周面との対向面間で形成された中央部から左右方向に向かって徐々に間隔が狭くなる空間部11と、該空間部11内に配設されてこの空間部11の左右側の楔状空間部11a 、11b に食い込み可能な円柱形状のロック部材12とから構成してあり、さらに、上記傘歯車８に突設している入力側突起９の上端を隣接するロック部材12、12の下部間の空間部11内に突設させた構造としている。
【０００７】
【作用】
動力源から入力軸６を介して該入力軸６の先端傘歯車７に噛合した頭部２内の傘歯車８を右方向に回転させると、該傘歯車８の外周上面に突設した入力側突起９が出力軸４に突設している出力側突起10の右側面に押当して出力軸４を同一方向に回転させ、出力軸４を介してボルト、ナット等の螺子を締付け方向に回転させる。この際、入力側突起９の上端部によってロック部材12の下部対向面を受止してロック部材12を空間部11の中央部（遊動領域内）に維持させた状態でロック部材12を一体的に出力軸４回りに回転させる。また、傘歯車８を逆方向（左回転方向）に回転させて螺子を緩める場合には入力側突起９が出力側突起10の左側面に押当して出力軸４を左方向に回転させる。この時においても、ロック部材12は入力側突起９の他方の側面によって受止されてロック作用を行うことなく一体的に回転する。
【０００８】
次に、動力によって上記のように螺子が一定の締め付け力まで回転させられた後、手締めによってさらに強固に締め付けを行う場合、動力源を停止させた状態で出力軸４を中心としてハンドル体１を人手により右方向に回転させると、ロック部材12が頭部２の円形内周面に摺接して右側の楔状空間部11a に食い込み、頭部２と出力軸４とがこの楔状空間部11a に食い込んだロック部材12を介して同一方向に一体的に回転して螺子を強固に締め付けることができる。また、螺子を緩める際には、動力源により入力側突起９を逆方向に回動させてロック部材12を左方の楔状空間部11b 側に移動させたのち、ハンドル体１を人手により左方向に回転させると、ロック部材12が左側の楔状空間部11b に食い込いで出力軸４を同一方向に回転させ、螺子の緩め作業が行えるものである。
【０００９】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明の具体的な実施例を図面について説明すると、１はエアーレンチの本体である中空ハンドル体で、その先端部に一体に形成されている頭部２に下向きに開口した円筒状の室３を設けてあり、この室３に断面正多角形状（図においては正５角形）の出力軸４をハンドル体１の長さ方向に対して直角方向に向けて回転自在に配設している。ハンドル体１の後部には図１に示すように、エアーモータ５が内蔵されてあり、その回転駆動力を遊星歯車機構18からクラッチ機構27を介してハンドル体１の前部内に回転自在に配設した入力軸６に伝達し、さらにこの入力軸６から頭部２の室３内に配設した回転伝達機構を介して上記出力軸４に伝達するように構成している。
【００１０】
上記回転伝達機構は、入力軸６の先端に形成または固着した傘歯車７に出力軸４に回転自在に被嵌した傘歯車８を噛合させると共に、この傘歯車８の外周上面に突設した複数本の入力側突起９と出力軸４の各垂直な面の中央部に外方に向けて突設した出力側突起10とを互いに接離可能に対向させてなり、入力軸６の回転を傘歯車８に伝達し、入力側突起９を出力側突起10に押当させて出力軸４を回転させるように構成している。上記傘歯車８は出力軸４の上記出力側突起10の下方に位置して該出力軸４の回りに回転自在に被嵌しているものであり、この傘歯車８の上面に、上記各隣接する出力側突起10、10間に向かって上方に突出した入力側突起９を一体に設け、この入力側突起９と出力側突起10とを交互に小間隔を存して配設しているものである。
【００１１】
上記出力側突起10は、出力軸４の長さ方向の中央部において各面4aの幅方向の中央部から外方に突出してあり、その形状は平面矩形状に形成されている一方、出力軸４の各角部4bは凸円弧状面に形成されている。また、出力軸４は断面多角形に形成されているため、この出力軸４を配設した上記円筒状の室３の円形内周面とこの多角形状の出力軸４の各面4aとの間の空間部11は、該面4aの幅方向の中央部から両側角部4b、4bに向かって隙間間隔が狭くなる楔状空間部11a 、11b に形成されている。なお、出力軸４の下端部を室３から下方に突出させてソケット体（図示せず）を着脱自在に取り付ける角軸部4cに形成している。
【００１２】
12は出力軸４の各面4aと室３の対向内周面との間の上記空間部11に配設した円柱形状のロック部材で、出力軸４に突設した上記出力側突起10の上方側に設けられてあり、その径は各面4aの幅方向の中央部と室３の対向内周面との間の隙間よりも小さく、且つ両側角部4bと室３の対向内周面との間の隙間よりも大きく形成されている。従って、このロック部材12は左右いずれの回転方向に移動しても上記楔状空間部11a 、11b に食い込むものであり、この楔状空間部11a 、11b とロック部材12とによってロック機構を構成しているものである。さらに、上記傘歯車８に突設している入力側突起９の上端部は隣接するロック部材12、12の下部対向面間の空間部11内に突設させている。
【００１３】
また、出力軸４の長さ方向の中央部における一角部には、スプリング13によって押圧されている球体14を出没自在に内装した横穴15を設けてあり、この球体14に対向する傘歯車８の内周面には該球体14を嵌脱自在に嵌合させる断面円弧状の左右凹部16、17を設けている。
【００１４】
上記エアーモータ５から入力軸６に回転を伝達する機構としては、周知のように遊星歯車機構18とクラッチ機構27を介して行っている。また、エアーモータ５の回転駆動機構としては、ハンドル体１の後端部に圧縮空気供給用金具19を取り付け、この供給孔20をハンドル体１の後部内に設けている導入路21を通じてエアーモータ５に圧縮空気を圧送してエアーモータ５を回転させるように構成していると共にその導入路21の途中に弁室22を設けて該弁室22内に弁23の弁棒24を上下摺動自在に配設してある。そして、弁23をスプリング25によって常時下方に付勢して常態においては導入路21を閉止していると共にその弁棒24の先端をハンドル体１外に突出させて、該突出端をハンドル体１に回動自在に枢着された操作レバー26の上面に当接させている。操作レバー26はハンドル体１に接近して配設され、この操作レバー26をハンドル体１側に回動させることによって弁23を作動させて導入路21を開放させるように構成している。なお、導入路21の途中には圧縮空気の切換弁（図示せず）を配設してあり、この切換弁によってエアーモータ５の回転方向を切り換えるように構成している。
【００１５】
このように構成した実施例におけるエアースパナの作用を述べると、出力軸４の下端部にソケット体（図示せず）を装着して該ソケット体に嵌合したボルト、ナット等の螺子を締め付ける場合、出力軸４が右回転方向となるように切換弁を切り換えたのち操作レバー26を押圧して弁23を開放させる。この開放によって圧縮空気供給源から圧縮空気供給用接続金具19の圧縮空気供給孔20を通じて該導入路21に圧縮空気が供給され、エアーモータ５が回転してその回転を遊星歯車機構18からクラッチ機構27を介して入力軸６に伝達し、さらに、該入力軸６から傘歯車７を介してこの傘歯車７と噛合した出力軸４側の傘歯車８を右方向に回転させる。
【００１６】
傘歯車８が右方向に回転すると、図２に示すように、該傘歯車８の外周上面に突設した入力側突起９の一側面が出力軸４に突設している出力側突起10の他側面に押当して出力軸４を同一方向に回転させ、出力軸４に装着したソケット体を介してボルト、ナット等の螺子を締付け方向に回転させるものである。この際、入力側突起９の上端部一側面によってロック部材12の下部対向面を受止してロック部材12を空間部11の中央部（遊動領域内）に維持させた状態でロック部材12を一体的に出力軸４回りに回転させる。
【００１７】
なお、この状態においては、出力軸４に設けた球体14が図２において左側の凹部17にその一部を嵌め込んだ状態となり、従って、スプリング13力によって該凹部17に完全に嵌入させようとする力が凹部17と球体14との傾斜摺接面を介して出力軸４を逆方向に回転させようとする力となり、出力側突起10が積極的に入力側突起９側に圧接しながら入力側突起９と一体回転するものである。
【００１８】
また、螺子を緩める場合には、上記エアーモータ５を逆方向に回転させると、傘歯車８が左方向に回転し、図３に示すようにその入力側突起９の他側面が出力軸４に突設している出力側突起10の一側面（上記と反対側の面）に押当して出力軸４を同一方向に回転させ、螺子を緩める方向に回転させることができる。この場合も、上記同様にロック部材12が空間部11の遊動領域内に維持されてロック作用を行わない。
【００１９】
次に、動力によって上記のように螺子が一定の締め付け力まで回転させられた後、手締めによってさらに強固に締め付けを行う場合、動力源であるエアーモータ５を停止させた状態で出力軸４を中心としてハンドル体１を人手により右方向に回転させると、出力軸４が相対的に逆方向に回動する。この際、出力軸４の一角部に設けている球体14が、図４において左側の凹部17にその一部を嵌め込んだ状態となっているので、スプリング13力によって該凹部17に完全に嵌入させようとする力が凹部17と球体14との傾斜摺接面を介して出力軸４を逆方向に回転させようとする力となり、従って、ロック部材12が右側の楔状空間部11a 内に自動的に食い込む方向に相対移動する。そのため、ロック部材12が頭部２の室３の内周面に摺接し、ハンドル体１の上記右方向の回転によって楔状空間部11a 内に確実に食い込むことになり、頭部２と出力軸４とが一体化してハンドル体１の回転を出力軸４に伝達され、螺子を強固に締め付けることができる。
【００２０】
また、螺子を緩める際にはエアーモータ５を逆回転させて回転方向を切り換えたのち、ハンドル体１を人手により左方向に回転させると、ロック部材12が上記同様な作動によって図５に示すように左側の楔状空間部11b に食い込んで出力軸４を同一方向に回転させ、螺子の緩め作業が行えるものである。なお、以上の実施例においては、動力源としてエアーモータ５を用いたが、電動モータによって入力軸６を回転させるように構成してもよい。
【００２１】
【発明の効果】
以上のように本発明のスパナによれば、出力軸４を断面正多角形に形成してその各面の中央部に出力側突起10を突設する一方、入力軸６からの回転を該出力軸４に回転自在に被嵌した傘歯車８に伝達し、この傘歯車８に上記出力側突起10、10間に介在した入力側突起９を突設しているので、入力側突起９の一側面を該側面と対向する出力側突起10の他側面に当接させて出力軸４を一方向に回転させることができると共に逆方向の回転は、入力側突起９の他側面を該側面と対向する出力側突起10の一側面に当接させることによって行うことができ、従って、簡単な構造によって確実な回転駆動が可能となるものである。
【００２２】
さらに、ロック機構は上記各出力側突起10の上方における出力軸４の各面と頭部２の円形内周面との対向面間で形成された中央部から左右方向に向かって徐々に間隔が狭くなる空間部11と、該空間部11内に配設されてこの空間部11の左右側の楔状空間部11a 、11b に食い込み可能な円柱形状のロック部材12とから構成しているので、ロック部材12を左右いずれかの方向に移動させることにより、楔状空間部11a または11b に確実に食い込ませることができ、１種のロック部材12だけで左右いずれの方向に対する手締めが行えるものである。
【００２３】
また、上記傘歯車８に突設している入力側突起９の上端を隣接するロック部材12、12の下部間の空間部11内に突設させているので、動力による上記締め付け作業時においては、ロック部材12を入力側突起９によって受止させて楔状空間部11a 、11b に食い込ませることなく空間部11内の遊動領域内に確実に維持させた状態で入力側突起９と一体的に回転させることができ、故障の発生をなくして正確な締め付け作業が行えるものである。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】装置全体の縦断側面図、
【図２】動力によって出力軸を右方向に回転させる状態の頭部の拡大横断面図、
【図３】動力によって出力軸を左方向に回転させる状態の頭部の拡大横断面図、
【図４】手締めによって出力軸を右方向に回転させる場合の説明図、
【図５】手締めによって出力軸を左方向に回転させる場合の説明図、
【図６】従来のレンチの頭部の簡略横断面図。
【符号の説明】
１ハンドル体
２頭部
４出力軸
５エアーモータ
６入力軸
７、８傘歯車
９入力側突起
10 出力側突起
11 空間部
11a 、11b 楔状空間部
12 ロック部材[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a spanner used for tightening or loosening screws such as bolts and nuts, and more particularly to a spanner that can be hand-tightened after tightening screws by power.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In the electric wrench and the air wrench, the screw cannot be completely tightened with the tightening torque by the power, so that the tightening can be performed by hand tightening after the power tightening. An example of such a wrench is an electric wrench described in JP-A-3-251374. As shown in FIG. 6, this wrench rotatably arranges an output shaft 32 formed by projecting output-side protrusions 33 on three sides of the peripheral surface at the center of a cylindrical head 31 of the main body. An input-side protrusion 34 is rotatably arranged around the output shaft in the space between the opposing surfaces of the head 31 and the output shaft 32 between the adjacent output-side protrusions 33, 33, and further, the output-side protrusion 33 and the input A space portion between the side protrusions 34 is formed in a wedge-shaped space portion 35, 36, and a cylindrical lock member 37, 38 is interposed in each space portion 35, 36.
[0003]
When performing the fastening by the power, by rotating the input projection 34 in the right dose up direction in the drawing, the rotation to the output shaft 32 by pressing the output projection 33 through one of the locking member 37 , And the input side protrusion 34 is rotated counterclockwise, and the output side protrusion 33 is pressed via the other lock member 38 to transmit the rotation to the output shaft 32. At this time, the lock members 37 and 38 are located in the floating regions of the wedge-shaped spaces 35 and 36 and do not bite into the wedge-shaped spaces 35 and 36.
[0004]
Next, when tightening by hand tightening, if the head 31 and the output shaft 32 are relatively rotated in opposite directions, one lock member 38 bites into the wedge-shaped space 36 during rotation in the right direction. When rotating in the left direction, the other lock member 37 bites into the wedge-shaped space portion 35 and can be manually tightened in each direction.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, as described above, since the wrench uses the right rotation lock member 37 and the left rotation lock member 38, the structure of the entire device including the cross-sectional shape of the output shaft 32 is complicated. There was a problem that it became easy to break down. The present invention has been made in view of such problems, and it is possible to transmit a rotation in the right and left tightening directions by one type of locking member, simplify the entire structure, and enable reliable tightening. It is for the purpose of provision.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, the spanner of the present invention is configured such that an output shaft 4 having a regular polygonal cross section perpendicular to the length direction of the handle body 1 is rotatably disposed on the head 2 of the handle body 1 and from a power source. The wrench is configured to transmit the rotational driving force of the steering wheel 1 to the output shaft 4 through the rotation transmission mechanism and to transmit the rotational force in the left-right direction of the handle body 1 to the output shaft 4 as the rotational force in the same direction through the lock mechanism. The rotation transmission mechanism meshes the bevel gear 8 that is rotatably fitted to the output shaft 4 with the bevel gear 7 that is integrally provided at the tip of the input shaft 6 that is rotated by the rotational driving force from the power source. A plurality of input-side projections 9 projecting from the outer peripheral upper surface of the bevel gear 8 and an output-side projection 10 projecting outward from the center of each surface of the output shaft 4 having the regular polygonal cross section are provided at small intervals. By alternately arranging, the input side protrusion 9 can be pressed against the output side protrusion 10. And a locking mechanism is formed between the opposing surfaces of the surfaces of the output shaft 4 and the circular inner peripheral surface of the head 2 above the output-side protrusions 10. A space portion 11 whose interval is gradually narrowed in the left-right direction, and a cylindrical lock disposed in the space portion 11 and capable of biting into the left and right wedge-shaped space portions 11a and 11b of the space portion 11. Further, the upper end of the input side protrusion 9 protruding from the bevel gear 8 is protruded into the space 11 between the lower portions of the adjacent lock members 12 and 12. Yes.
[0007]
[Action]
When the bevel gear 8 in the head 2 meshed with the tip bevel gear 7 of the input shaft 6 is rotated from the power source via the input shaft 6 to the right, the input side protrudes from the outer peripheral upper surface of the bevel gear 8. The protrusion 9 is pressed against the right side surface of the output-side protrusion 10 protruding from the output shaft 4 to rotate the output shaft 4 in the same direction, and screws such as bolts and nuts are tightened in the tightening direction via the output shaft 4. Rotate. At this time, the lock member 12 is integrated in a state where the lower facing surface of the lock member 12 is received by the upper end portion of the input-side protrusion 9 and the lock member 12 is maintained in the central portion (in the floating region) of the space portion 11. To rotate around the output shaft 4. When the bevel gear 8 is rotated in the reverse direction (left rotation direction) to loosen the screw, the input side protrusion 9 is pressed against the left side surface of the output side protrusion 10 to rotate the output shaft 4 in the left direction. Also at this time, the lock member 12 is received by the other side surface of the input-side protrusion 9 and rotates integrally without performing a locking action.
[0008]
Next, when the screw is further tightened by hand tightening after the screw is rotated to a certain tightening force as described above by the power, the handle body 1 is centered on the output shaft 4 with the power source stopped. When the lock member 12 is rotated clockwise by the hand, the lock member 12 slides on the circular inner peripheral surface of the head 2 and bites into the right wedge-shaped space portion 11a, and the head 2 and the output shaft 4 are moved into the wedge-shaped space portion 11a. The screw can be firmly tightened by rotating integrally in the same direction through the lock member 12 that has been bitten. Further, when loosening the screw, the input side projection 9 is rotated in the reverse direction by the power source to move the lock member 12 to the left wedge-shaped space 11b side, and then the handle body 1 is moved leftward by hand. When it is rotated, the lock member 12 bites into the left wedge-shaped space 11b and rotates the output shaft 4 in the same direction, so that the screw can be loosened.
[0009]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
A specific embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. Reference numeral 1 denotes a hollow handle body which is a main body of an air wrench, and a cylindrical chamber 3 which opens downward to a head 2 formed integrally with a tip portion thereof. In this chamber 3, an output shaft 4 having a regular polygonal cross section (a regular pentagonal shape in the drawing) is rotatably arranged in a direction perpendicular to the length direction of the handle body 1. As shown in FIG. 1, an air motor 5 is built in the rear part of the handle body 1, and its rotational driving force is rotatably arranged in the front part of the handle body 1 from the planetary gear mechanism 18 through the clutch mechanism 27. It transmits to the input shaft 6 provided, and further transmits to the output shaft 4 from the input shaft 6 through a rotation transmission mechanism disposed in the chamber 3 of the head 2.
[0010]
The rotation transmission mechanism meshes a bevel gear 8 that is rotatably fitted to the output shaft 4 with a bevel gear 7 that is formed or fixed at the tip of the input shaft 6, and a plurality of projections that protrude from the outer peripheral upper surface of the bevel gear 8. The input-side projection 9 and the output-side projection 10 projecting outward from the center of each vertical surface of the output shaft 4 are opposed to each other so as to be able to contact and separate from each other. The output shaft 4 is rotated by transmitting to the gear 8 and pressing the input side protrusion 9 against the output side protrusion 10. The bevel gear 8 is positioned below the output-side protrusion 10 of the output shaft 4 and is rotatably fitted around the output shaft 4. Input side projections 9 projecting upward toward the output side projections 10 and 10 are integrally provided, and the input side projections 9 and the output side projections 10 are alternately arranged at small intervals. It is.
[0011]
The output-side protrusion 10 protrudes outward from the center portion in the width direction of each surface 4a at the center portion in the length direction of the output shaft 4, and the shape thereof is formed in a plane rectangular shape, while the output shaft Each corner 4b of 4 is formed in a convex arcuate surface. Further, since the output shaft 4 is formed in a polygonal cross section, between the circular inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical chamber 3 in which the output shaft 4 is disposed and each surface 4 a of the polygonal output shaft 4. The space portion 11 is formed in wedge-shaped space portions 11a and 11b in which the gap interval becomes narrower from the central portion in the width direction of the surface 4a toward both side corner portions 4b and 4b. The lower end portion of the output shaft 4 protrudes downward from the chamber 3 and is formed in a rectangular shaft portion 4c to which a socket body (not shown) is detachably attached.
[0012]
A cylindrical lock member 12 is disposed in the space 11 between each surface 4a of the output shaft 4 and the opposed inner peripheral surface of the chamber 3, and is located above the output-side projection 10 protruding from the output shaft 4. The diameter is smaller than the gap between the central portion in the width direction of each surface 4a and the opposing inner peripheral surface of the chamber 3, and both the corners 4b and the opposing inner peripheral surface of the chamber 3 It is formed larger than the gap between them. Therefore, the lock member 12 bites into the wedge-shaped space portions 11a and 11b even if it moves in either the left or right rotation direction, and the wedge-shaped space portions 11a and 11b and the lock member 12 constitute a lock mechanism. Is. Further, the upper end portion of the input side protrusion 9 protruding from the bevel gear 8 is protruded into the space portion 11 between the lower facing surfaces of the adjacent lock members 12 and 12.
[0013]
In addition, a lateral hole 15 in which a sphere 14 pressed by a spring 13 is housed in a retractable manner is provided at a corner portion in the central portion in the length direction of the output shaft 4, and the bevel gear 8 facing the sphere 14 is provided. On the inner peripheral surface, left and right concave portions 16 and 17 having an arcuate cross section for fitting the spherical body 14 are provided.
[0014]
The mechanism for transmitting the rotation from the air motor 5 to the input shaft 6 is performed through a planetary gear mechanism 18 and a clutch mechanism 27 as is well known. Further, as a rotational drive mechanism of the air motor 5, a compressed air supply metal fitting 19 is attached to the rear end portion of the handle body 1, and the air motor is passed through an introduction path 21 provided in the rear portion of the handle body 1. 5 is configured to rotate the air motor 5 by compressing the compressed air, and provide a valve chamber 22 in the middle of the introduction path 21 so that the valve rod 24 of the valve 23 slides up and down in the valve chamber 22. Arranged freely. Then, the valve 23 is projected into the handle body 1 outside the distal end of the valve stem 24 with which closes the introducing passage 21 is in a normal state and always biased in the lower direction by the spring 25, the projecting Extension end Handlebody and it is brought into contact with the upper surface of the rotatably pivotally mounted operating lever 26 to 1. The operation lever 26 is disposed close to the handle body 1 and is configured to open the introduction path 21 by operating the valve 23 by rotating the operation lever 26 to the handle body 1 side. A compressed air switching valve (not shown) is provided in the middle of the introduction path 21, and the switching direction of the air motor 5 is switched by this switching valve.
[0015]
The operation of the air spanner in the embodiment configured in this way will be described. A case where a socket body (not shown) is attached to the lower end portion of the output shaft 4 and screws such as bolts and nuts fitted to the socket body are tightened. Then, after switching the switching valve so that the output shaft 4 is in the clockwise direction, the operating lever 26 is pressed to open the valve 23. By this opening, compressed air is supplied from the compressed air supply source to the introduction path 21 through the compressed air supply hole 20 of the compressed air supply connection fitting 19, and the air motor 5 rotates to rotate the rotation from the planetary gear mechanism 18 to the clutch mechanism. 27, the bevel gear 8 on the output shaft 4 side that is engaged with the bevel gear 7 from the input shaft 6 via the bevel gear 7 is rotated to the right.
[0016]
When the bevel gear 8 rotates in the right direction, as shown in FIG. 2, one side surface of the input-side protrusion 9 protruding from the outer peripheral upper surface of the bevel gear 8 projects from the output-side protrusion 10 protruding from the output shaft 4. The output shaft 4 is pressed against the other side surface to rotate in the same direction, and screws such as bolts and nuts are rotated in the tightening direction via a socket body attached to the output shaft 4. At this time, the lock member 12 is held in a state in which the lower facing surface of the lock member 12 is received by one side surface of the upper end portion of the input side protrusion 9 and the lock member 12 is maintained at the central portion (in the floating region) of the space portion 11. Rotate around the output shaft 4 integrally.
[0017]
In this state, the sphere 14 provided on the output shaft 4 is in a state where a part of the sphere 14 is fitted into the left concave portion 17 in FIG. 2, and therefore, the spring 13 force tries to completely fit into the concave portion 17. Force to rotate the output shaft 4 in the reverse direction through the inclined sliding contact surface between the concave portion 17 and the sphere 14, and the output side projection 10 is input while being positively pressed against the input side projection 9 side. It rotates integrally with the side protrusion 9.
[0018]
When loosening the screw, when the air motor 5 is rotated in the reverse direction, the bevel gear 8 is rotated in the left direction, and the other side surface of the input side projection 9 is connected to the output shaft 4 as shown in FIG. The output shaft 4 can be pressed against one side surface (surface opposite to the above) of the projecting output side projection 10 to rotate in the same direction, and can be rotated in the direction of loosening the screw. Also in this case, the locking member 12 is maintained in the floating region of the space portion 11 as described above and does not perform the locking action.
[0019]
Next, when the screw is rotated to a certain tightening force as described above by power and then tightened more firmly by hand tightening, the output shaft 4 is turned off while the air motor 5 as a power source is stopped. When the handle body 1 is rotated rightward by hand with the center as the center, the output shaft 4 is relatively rotated in the opposite direction. At this time, the sphere 14 provided at one corner of the output shaft 4 is in a state in which a part thereof is fitted in the left concave portion 17 in FIG. The force to be caused is a force to rotate the output shaft 4 in the reverse direction via the inclined sliding contact surface between the concave portion 17 and the sphere 14, and therefore the lock member 12 is automatically moved into the right wedge-shaped space portion 11a. Relative movement in the direction of biting. Therefore, the lock member 12 is brought into sliding contact with the inner peripheral surface of the chamber 3 of the head 2 and surely bites into the wedge-shaped space portion 11a by the rotation of the handle body 1 in the right direction. And the rotation of the handle body 1 is transmitted to the output shaft 4, and the screw can be firmly tightened.
[0020]
When the screw is loosened, the air motor 5 is reversely rotated to switch the direction of rotation, and then the handle member 1 is rotated leftward by hand, the lock member 12 is operated in the same manner as shown in FIG. to the output shaft 4 at I write eating on the left side of the wedge-shaped space 11b is rotated in the same direction, but that allows loosening of the screw. In the above embodiment, the air motor 5 is used as a power source. However, the input shaft 6 may be rotated by an electric motor.
[0021]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the spanner of the present invention, the output shaft 4 is formed into a regular polygonal cross section, and the output-side protrusion 10 is projected from the center of each surface, while the rotation from the input shaft 6 is output to the output shaft 4. This is transmitted to a bevel gear 8 that is rotatably fitted to the shaft 4, and an input side protrusion 9 interposed between the output side protrusions 10, 10 protrudes from the bevel gear 8. The output shaft 4 can be rotated in one direction by bringing the side surface into contact with the other side surface of the output side projection 10 facing the side surface, and the other side surface of the input side projection 9 faces the side surface while rotating in the reverse direction. Therefore, the rotation can be reliably driven by a simple structure.
[0022]
Further, the lock mechanism is gradually spaced from the center formed between the surfaces of the output shaft 4 and the circular inner peripheral surface of the head 2 above the output-side protrusions 10 in the left-right direction. Since it is composed of a narrow space portion 11 and a cylindrical lock member 12 disposed in the space portion 11 and capable of biting into the left and right wedge-shaped space portions 11a and 11b of the space portion 11, By moving the member 12 in either the left or right direction, the wedge-shaped space portion 11a or 11b can be surely bitten, and only one type of lock member 12 can be used for manual tightening in either the left or right direction.
[0023]
Further, since is projected into the space 11 between the lower portion of the locking member 12 and 12 adjacent the upper end of the input projection 9 which is projected to the bevel gear 8, during the tightening operation by the power is The locking member 12 is received by the input-side protrusion 9 and rotated integrally with the input-side protrusion 9 in a state where the lock member 12 is securely maintained in the floating region in the space 11 without biting into the wedge-shaped spaces 11a and 11b. Therefore, it is possible to eliminate the occurrence of a failure and perform an accurate tightening operation.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a longitudinal side view of the entire apparatus,
FIG. 2 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the head in a state where the output shaft is rotated rightward by power,
FIG. 3 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the head in a state where the output shaft is rotated leftward by power;
FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram when the output shaft is rotated rightward by hand tightening;
FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram when the output shaft is rotated leftward by hand tightening;
FIG. 6 is a simplified cross-sectional view of the head of a conventional wrench.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 Handle body 2 Head 4 Output shaft 5 Air motor 6 Input shaft 7, 8 Bevel gear 9 Input side protrusion
10 Output side protrusion
11 Space
11a, 11b wedge-shaped space
12 Lock member

Claims

A cylindrical chamber 3 having a downward opening is provided in a head 2 formed at the distal end of the handle body 1, and a length direction is oriented in a vertical direction perpendicular to the length direction of the handle body 1 at the center of the chamber 3. An output shaft 4 having a regular polygonal cross section is rotatably arranged, and a space portion 11 is provided between the output shaft 4 and the circular inner peripheral surface of the chamber 3, and the output shaft 4 is rotated by a power source. The driving force is transmitted through the rotation transmission mechanism, and the turning force in the left-right direction of the handle body 1 around the output shaft 4 is transmitted to the output shaft 4 as the rotational force in the same direction through the lock mechanism. in spanner, the rotation transmission mechanism is rotatably to the output shaft 4 to the bevel gear 7 provided integrally with the front end of the input shaft 6 is disposed in the handle body 1 is rotated by a rotational driving force from the power source The fitted bevel gear 8 is engaged, and the upper surface of the bevel gear 8 is placed in the space 11 . The circular inner peripheral surface of the chamber 3 at the center in the width direction of each vertical surface between the adjacent apexes of the plurality of input side protrusions 9 projecting upward toward the output shaft 4 and the regular polygon of the cross section of the output shaft 4 The output side projections 10 projecting toward the output side are alternately arranged at small intervals so that the rotational force is transmitted by pressing the side surface of the input side projection 9 against the opposite side surface of the output side projection 10. The lock mechanism is formed by a space between the vertical surfaces of the output shaft 4 above the output-side projections 10 and the circular inner peripheral surface of the chamber 3 facing the vertical surfaces. The wedge-shaped space portions 11a and 11b which are gradually narrowed from the center in the width direction of each vertical surface toward the corners on both sides , and each of the above-mentioned between the vertical surface and the circular inner peripheral surface of the chamber 3 It is disposed in the space portion Toka locking member 12 of cylindrical shape that can bite into the sides of the wedge-shaped space part 11a, 11b Will transfer the handle body wedge-shaped spaces 11a of the sides the locking member 12 when is rotated in the lateral direction by manually by bite into one of 11b the turning force of the handle body to the output shaft 4 A spanner characterized in that it is configured to .