JP3701260B2 - Shield machine with outermost cutter for hard wall - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a hard wall outermost peripheral cutter capable of efficiently excavating a hard wall in a start shaft or a reaching shaft, and a shield machine equipped with the outer peripheral cutter for the hard wall.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, when tunnels are formed in the ground, vertical shafts are provided at the start position and arrival position of the shield machine, and the ground behind the retaining wall of the start shaft is made independent by chemical injection method, freezing method, etc. The shield machine is started by taking the wall. However, it takes a lot of time to improve the ground, and the required strength may not be obtained depending on the ground.
[0003]
Therefore, in recent years, a NOMST (Novel Material Shield-cuttable Tunnel-wall System) method using a concrete material that can be cut with a cutter disk has been frequently used for such shafts. In this NOMST method, for example, a retaining wall is formed by using a new material concrete (hereinafter referred to as “hard wall”) made of high-strength concrete using limestone coarse aggregate and carbon fiber reinforced plastic. The earth retaining wall has functions such as the start of a shield machine and the strength and water stoppage as a reaching shaft. This hard wall includes, for example, high strength carbon fiber as a reinforcing material in high-strength concrete having a compressive strength of about 800 kgf / cm ² using limestone as an aggregate, and can support surrounding earth pressure and water pressure. It has strength and can be excavated by a shield machine.
[0004]
However, when cutting such a hard wall, since it is difficult to cut with a normal cutter, various cutters aimed at cutting efficiently have been proposed. For example, there is an invention described in Japanese Patent No. 2938401 as this type of prior art. The present invention relates to a cutter for cutting a hard wall on the front surface of a cutter disk, and is configured to cut a hard wall on the front surface of the cutter disk.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in the case of the hard wall cutting cutter described above, if it is used on the outermost periphery of the cutter disk, depending on the excavation state, the cutter disk will be turned with the outer peripheral surface of the cutter in contact with the new material concrete. There is a case where vibration and noise are generated in the cutter disk and the shield body due to the friction of the outer peripheral surface in contact with the cutting surface.
[0006]
Further, when excavating a hard wall made of the material as described above, depending on the vertical excavation position, there is a possibility that a long carbon fiber reinforced plastic in the excavated hard wall may be taken into the chamber. It may be necessary to drill hard walls to avoid carbon fiber reinforced plastics.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
Therefore, in order to solve the above problems, the present application onset bright, a shield machine provided with the outermost cutter for hard wall on the outermost peripheral portion of the front cutter disk that pivots at the front of the shield machine, the cutter A plurality of cutter bodies are provided on the outermost peripheral portion of the front surface of the disk, and a blade portion having a predetermined height is formed on the cutting outer periphery of the cutter disk at the tip of the plurality of cutter bodies. A vertical rake angle is formed from the blade part to the cutter disk body side, a horizontal rake angle is formed behind the cutter disk in the turning direction, and a vertical clearance angle is formed from the cutting front surface of the cutter disk toward the cutter disk body side. In addition, a cutting tip having a horizontal clearance angle is provided behind the cutter disk in the turning direction, and a blade portion having a predetermined width is formed on the cutting front surface of the cutting tip. Cutter so as to form the said cutting tip, provided on both the turning direction symmetrical position of the cutter discs of the cutter body, initially in the cutting in height to the cutting tip end of the tip protrudes to the front of the cutter disc A plurality of hard wall outermost peripheral cutters constituting the cutter body so as to cut a groove having a predetermined dimension including an outer diameter portion of the disk main body are arranged on the outermost peripheral portion of the cutter disk, and the outermost peripheral cutter for hard walls is arranged. A vertical rake angle is formed on the front surface of the cutter disk on the cutter disk rotation center side of the cutter disk from the cutting surface of the cutter disk to the shield body side by varying the distance from the rotation center of the cutter disk in the radial direction. A plurality of hard wall cutters having a horizontal rake angle in the swiveling direction of the plurality of hard wall cutters. The distance between them is a predetermined distance in which the size of the cut piece of the hard wall cut is smaller than the opening size of the earth intake of the cutter disc, and the cutter disc rotation center side of the groove cut by the outermost peripheral cutter for hard wall The hard wall is cut with a hard wall cutter . In this way, the outermost peripheral cutter for hard walls , which forms a vertical rake angle and a horizontal rake angle on the cutting outer peripheral surface of the cutting tip, and has a vertical flank angle and a horizontal flank angle on the cutting front surface, is formed on the outermost peripheral portion of the cutter disk front surface. since the plurality disposed, this together with the for rigid wall cutting at cutting of the outermost cutter reduces the contact between the rigid wall and the shield machine can be efficiently excavate excavation outermost rigid wall Since a hard wall can be cut simultaneously with a plurality of hard wall outermost periphery cutters, a hard wall can be cut in a short time.
In addition, by using a plurality of hard wall cutters arranged so that the distance from the rotation center of the cutter disk is different in the radial direction so that the trajectory to be cut by rotating the cutter disk becomes a groove shape separated by a predetermined distance. Since the inner hard wall cut into a groove shape by the outermost peripheral cutter for hard wall can be cut so that the size of the cut piece becomes a predetermined distance smaller than the opening size of the earth and sand intake port, The hard wall remaining inside the groove cut by the outermost peripheral cutter can be easily cut by another cutter, and the hard wall can be efficiently cut on the entire surface of the cutter disk. This is because the carbon fiber reinforced plastic in the new material concrete forming the hard wall can be cut with a size that makes it easy to take in, so that it is possible to easily discharge after cutting.
[0008]
Moreover, the hard wall can be stably cut while extending the life of the cutting position on the forefront surface by the blade portion having a predetermined width formed on the cutting front surface of the cutting tip .
[0009]
Moreover, the cutter main body can be provided in the existing cutter disk, and the cutter disk which can excavate a hard wall can also be formed.
[0010]
Furthermore, it is possible to configure the outermost cutter can cut the hard wall in the turning direction of the mosquito Tsu terpolymers disk.
[0014]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a drawing of a cutter disk showing an embodiment of the present invention, wherein (a) is a front view and (b) is an AA cross-sectional view of (a). FIG. 2 is a drawing of an outermost peripheral cutter for a hard wall showing an embodiment of the present invention. (A) is a front view, (b) is a plan view, (c) is a side view, and (d) is (b). FIG. FIG. 3 is a drawing of a hard wall cutter showing an embodiment of the present invention, wherein (a) is a front view, (b) is a plan view, (c) is a side view, and (d) is a C of (b). It is an arrow view.
[0015]
As shown in FIG. 1 (a), a cutter disk 1 includes a plurality of cutter frames 2 provided radially, and a cutter ring 3 that is located on the outer periphery of the cutter disk 1 and connects the outer peripheral portions of these cutter frames 2. A cutter disk main body 4 is formed from both sides, and earth and sand intake ports 5 are provided on both sides of the cutter frame 2. Numerous earth and sand excavating cutters 6 are provided on the side of the cutter frame 2 located at the front of the earth and sand intake port 5. This earth and sand excavating cutter 6 is a cutter conventionally provided in a shield machine, and has a cutting edge that can excavate relatively soft earth and sand, and a predetermined amount protrudes from the front of the cutter disk 1. It is arranged to do.
[0016]
A number of hard wall cutters 7 are provided between the earth and sand excavation cutters 6 provided on both sides of the cutter frame 2. The hard wall cutters 7 are provided radially in the radial direction from the center of rotation of the cutter disk 1, and the hard wall cutters 7 are arranged at different distances by a predetermined distance. The predetermined distance is preferably a distance in which the cut hard wall F is smaller than the opening size of the earth and sand intake port 5, and is set so as to be easily taken into the chamber.
[0017]
A hard wall outermost peripheral cutter 8 is provided on the outermost peripheral portion of the cutter frame 2. In this example, four outermost wall cutters 8 for hard walls are provided at intervals of 90 °. That is, the earth and sand excavation cutter 6 and the hard wall cutter 7 are provided on all the cutter frames 2 provided on the cutter disk 1, and the four outer peripheral portions of the four cutter frames 2 are for hard walls. An outermost peripheral cutter 8 is provided. Note that a copy cutter 9 for partially expanding the diameter of a tunnel to be excavated is provided on two opposing outer peripheral portions of the cutter frame 2 provided radially.
[0018]
As shown in FIG. 1 (b), the outermost peripheral cutter 8 for hard walls is provided such that a cutter body 10 protrudes a predetermined amount from the front surface of the cutter disk 1, and a cutting tip 11 is provided at the tip of the cutter body 10. Is provided. The cutter body 10 is made of tungsten carbide (WC), and a cutting tip 11 made of cemented carbide is fixed to the tip thereof. In this example, the cutter body 10 is fixed to the cutter frame 2 by welding.
[0019]
As shown in FIG. 2 (c), the cutting tip 11 provided at the tip of the cutter body 10 has a blade portion 12 having a predetermined height h formed on the cutting outer peripheral surface of the cutter disk 1. Thus, the cutting diameter D of the cutter disk 1 is determined. The width of the blade portion 12 is about 5 mm. Further, the outermost peripheral portion of the blade portion 12 is provided so as to protrude from the cutter body 10 to the outer peripheral side by about 10 mm. Further, as shown in FIG. 2A, the width direction of the cutting tip 11 is provided so as to protrude from the cutter body 10 by about 15 mm.
[0020]
As shown in FIG. 2 (d), a vertical rake angle o is formed from the blade portion 12 to the cutter disk main body 4 side, and a horizontal rake angle p (see FIG. 2 (b) )) Is formed. Further, a vertical clearance angle q (FIG. 2 (b)) is formed from the cutting front surface of the cutter disk 1 to the cutter disk body 4 side, and a horizontal clearance angle r is formed behind the cutter disk 1 in the turning direction. . For example, the vertical rake angle o is about 15-25 °, the horizontal rake angle p is about 10-15 °, the vertical clearance angle q is about 7-12 °, and the horizontal clearance angle r is 10-15. Set in degrees. Thereby, the rake face 15 is formed on the cutting side of the cutting tip 11 and the flank 16 is formed on the front side and the outer peripheral side.
[0021]
The shaded portion shown in the figure is the cutting tip 11, and the upper portion of the cutter body 10 is also formed in a form connected to the surfaces 15 and 16 of the cutting tip 11 in which the angles o, p, q, and r are formed. In the state where 11 is provided, the outermost peripheral cutter 8 for an integral hard wall is configured. Further, a blade portion 13 having a predetermined dimension w is formed on the cutting front surface of the cutting tip 11 so as to maintain the life of the tip of the cutting tip. For example, the blade portion 13 is formed with a width i of about 5 mm.
[0022]
The outermost peripheral cutter 8 for hard wall is configured to form a cutting groove with a predetermined dimension w of the cutting tip 11 on the hard wall F on the front surface of the cutter disk. The hard wall F cut by the blade parts 12 and 13 is: A groove having a rectangular cross section is formed.
[0023]
When the hard wall F is cut with the hard wall outermost peripheral cutter 8 in this way, a groove having a predetermined dimension w is cut so as to include the outer diameter portion of the cutter disk main body 4, so that the groove is positioned within the predetermined dimension w of the groove. It is possible to prevent the outer diameter portion of the cutter disk main body 4 from contacting the hard wall F.
[0024]
Further, the hard wall F cut with the hard wall outermost peripheral cutter 6 in this way has a sharp corner portion with an edge formed at the corner of the bottom portion, so that the corner portion on the inner peripheral side is cut. A crack is generated between the cutting portion by another cutter starting from the portion (the portion cut by the corner portion 14 of the cutting tip 11), and the remaining portion remaining between the two is easily broken, and the front surface of the cutter disk 1 is broken. The hard wall F can be easily cut.
[0025]
Further, by setting the height of the cutter body 10 so that the tip of the cutting tip 11 protrudes to the foremost part of the cutter disk 1, the hard wall outermost peripheral cutter 8 first cuts the hard wall F when starting. I am doing so. As an amount of the hard wall outermost peripheral cutter 8 projecting forward relative to the earth and sand excavation cutter 6, for example, approximately 25 mm is projected forward.
[0026]
Further, in the outermost peripheral cutter 8 for hard wall in this embodiment, the cutting tip 11 is provided at a symmetrical position in both turning directions v of the cutter disk 1, and even when cutting while switching the rotation direction of the cutter disk 1. The hard wall F can be cut during both rotations.
[0027]
On the other hand, as shown in FIGS. 3 (a) to 3 (d), the hard wall cutter 7 is provided with a cutting tip 18 at the tip of the cutter main body 17. Is made of tungsten carbide, and a cemented carbide cutting tip 18 is fixed to the tip thereof. This hard wall cutter 7 is also provided with cutting tips 18 in both turning directions v of the cutter disk 1.
[0028]
As shown in FIGS. 3B and 3D, the cutting tip 18 of the hard wall cutter 7 has a vertical rake angle s of 10 to 15 ° on the front side in the turning direction v of the cutter disk 1. A horizontal rake angle t of about 20 ° is formed, and a vertical clearance angle u of 5 to 10 ° is formed on the cutting front surface facing the hard wall F. As a result, a rake face 19 and a flank face 20 are formed on the side face and front face of the cutting tip 18.
[0029]
In the case of this hard wall cutter 7, a cutting groove is formed in the hard wall F on the front surface of the cutter disk with the width x of the cutting tip 18. Compared with the outermost peripheral cutter 8 for hard wall, the cutting tip 18 is formed. Is formed in a straight line shape, and edges are formed at both ends thereof. Therefore, the hard wall F cut by the hard wall cutter 7 is in a state in which a groove having a width x and a rectangular cross section is formed.
[0030]
When the hard wall F is cut with a large number of the hard wall cutters 7 in this way, grooves having sharp corners cut at the edges on both the left and right sides of the bottom are cut. A crack is generated between the groove cut by the hard wall cutter 7 and the remaining portion between them is easily broken, so that the hard wall F on the front surface of the cutter disk 1 can be easily cut. Become.
[0031]
In addition, by making the height of the hard wall outermost peripheral cutter 8 and the hard wall cutter 7 different from each other, the resistance when cutting the hard wall F is suppressed, and these hard wall cutters 8 and 7 are used. The hard wall F can be efficiently cut by generating cracks between the cut grooves.
[0032]
FIG. 4 is a side view showing a state in which the shield machine of the present invention is started in the NOMST method, and FIG. 5 is a front view showing a retaining wall of a start shaft of the shield machine. Excavation by the shield machine equipped with the cutter disk 1 provided with the outermost peripheral cutter 8 for hard wall configured as described above will be described below.
[0033]
As shown in FIG. 4, a start-up shaft 21 for starting tunnel excavation has a retaining wall 22 formed by a steel continuous wall around the start-up shaft 21, and the start-up base of the shield machine 23 at the tunnel formation position of the shaft 21. 24 is provided. In this starting stand 24, an entrance 25 is provided on the excavation side, and a reaction force receiver 26 of the shield machine 23 is provided on the counter excavation side. The entrance 25 is provided with a sealing material 27 that seals the periphery of the shield machine 23 during excavation.
[0034]
And as shown in FIG. 5, the hard wall F which consists of the new material concrete in a NOMST construction method is employ | adopted as a part of the earth retaining wall 22 by the side of excavation. This hard wall F is adopted in the portion of the diameter 28 in consideration of the built-in error with respect to the shield cutting diameter D indicated by the inner solid line, and the range indicated by the horizontal solid line 29 and the vertical solid line 30 is the hard wall. F is formed. A range surrounded by these solid lines 29 and 30 is a portion that can be cut by the shield machine 23.
[0035]
On the other hand, the shield machine 23 has a cylindrical shape, and a circular cross section is obtained by digging a natural ground with a cutter disk 1 provided at the front part while obtaining a forward driving force with a shield jack (not shown) provided at the rear part. The tunnel is formed.
[0036]
In the start of the shield machine 23 by such NOMST method, if the cutter disk 1 provided with the outermost peripheral cutter 8 for hard wall as shown in FIG. 1 is adopted, it is formed at the tip of the cutting tip 11 at the start. Since the hard wall F on the front surface of the cutter disk 1 can be cut with the other hard wall cutter 7 while cutting the portion of the hard wall F that becomes the outermost periphery of the cutter disk 1 with the blade parts 12 and 13, these By cutting (excavating) the hard wall F after being cut by the cutters 8 and 7 with the other hard wall cutter 7 or the earth and sand excavating cutter 6, the hard wall F can be efficiently cut. The natural ground G after the hard wall F is excavated by the hard wall outermost periphery cutter 8 and the hard wall cutter 7 in this way is mainly excavated by the earth and sand excavation cutter 6.
[0037]
As shown in FIG. 5, when the hard wall F is formed of a material that is long in the vertical direction, a long range is continuously excavated in the vertical direction when cutting the left and right positions in the figure. As described above, by arranging the hard wall outermost peripheral cutter 8 and the hard wall cutter 7 to be different from each other by a predetermined distance in the radial direction of the front surface of the cutter disk 1, the interval between the cutters 8 and 7 can be set. Since it can be determined, the carbon fiber reinforced plastic in the hard wall F can be prevented from being cut as a large lump.
[0038]
That is, since the hard wall F to be cut is excavated after being cut into a groove shape with a predetermined interval by a large number of hard wall cutters 7 provided radially, the size of the hard wall F taken into the cutter chamber is large. Can be limited.
[0039]
As described above, since the hard wall F can always be cut with a diameter slightly larger than the outer diameter of the shield machine 23, the cutter disk 1 and the shield body are in contact with the excavated hard wall F and vibrate. It is possible to prevent generation of noise and noise, and stable cutting of the hard wall F can always be performed.
[0040]
In addition, although the example which provides the outermost peripheral cutter 8 for hard walls of the cutter disk 1 in four places is shown in the said embodiment, the number of the outermost peripheral cutters 8 for hard walls is limited to embodiment mentioned above. Instead, it may be determined appropriately according to the thickness or material of the hard wall F.
[0041]
In the above-described embodiment, the start shaft 21 has been described as an example. However, it is possible to cut a hard wall in the same manner even in the case of a reaching shaft.
[0042]
Furthermore, the above-described embodiment is an embodiment, and various modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment.
[0043]
【The invention's effect】
The present invention is implemented in the form described above, and has the following effects.
[0044]
The vertical rake angle and horizontal rake angle formed on the cutting peripheral surface of the cutting tip and the vertical and horizontal clearance angles formed on the cutting front surface reduce the contact between the cut hard wall and the shield machine, and the hard wall It is possible to efficiently cut the outermost periphery of.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a drawing of a cutter disk showing an embodiment of the present invention, in which (a) is a front view and (b) is an AA cross-sectional view of (a).
FIG. 2 is a drawing of an outermost peripheral cutter for hard walls showing an embodiment of the present invention, (a) is a front view, (b) is a plan view, (c) is a side view, and (d) is (b) ) Is a view on arrow B.
FIG. 3 is a drawing of a hard wall cutter showing an embodiment of the present invention, wherein (a) is a front view, (b) is a plan view, (c) is a side view, and (d) is a view of (b). FIG.
FIG. 4 is a side view showing a state where the shield machine according to the present invention is started in the NOMST method.
FIG. 5 is a front view showing a retaining wall of a start shaft of the shield machine shown in FIG. 4;
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Cutter disc 2 ... Cutter frame 3 ... Cutter ring 4 ... Cutter disc main body 5 ... Sediment intake port 6 ... Sediment excavation cutter 7 ... Hard wall cutter 8 ... Hard wall outermost peripheral cutter 9 ... Copy cutter 10 ... Cutter main body DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 11 ... Cutting tip 12, 13 ... Blade part 14 ... Corner | angular part 15 ... Rake face 16 ... Flank 17 ... Cutter body 18 ... Cutting tip 19 ... Rake face 20 ... Flank 21 ... Starting shaft 22 ... Earth retaining wall 23 ... Shield Excavator 24 ... Start stand 25 ... Entrance F ... Hard wall o ... Vertical rake angle p ... Horizontal rake angle q ... Vertical rake angle r ... Horizontal rake angle s ... Vertical rake angle t ... Horizontal rake angle u ... Vertical rake angle

Claims (1)

A shield machine equipped with an outermost peripheral cutter for hard walls on the outermost peripheral part of the front surface of the cutter disk that turns at the front of the shield machine ,
A plurality of cutter bodies are provided on the outermost peripheral portion of the front surface of the cutter disk, and a blade portion having a predetermined height is formed on the cutting outer peripheral portion of the cutter disk at the tip of the plurality of cutter bodies. A vertical rake angle is formed from the blade portion to the cutter disk body side, and a horizontal rake angle is formed behind the cutter disk in the turning direction, and a vertical clearance angle is formed from the cutting front surface of the cutter disk toward the cutter disk body side. And a cutting tip having a horizontal clearance angle formed behind the cutter disk in the turning direction is formed, and a cutting portion having a predetermined width is formed on the cutting front surface of the cutting tip. provided on both the turning direction symmetrical position of the cutter disk, the tip of the cutting chip in the height protruding front of the cutter disc the First plurality disposing the outermost cutter for hard wall constitutes the cutter body so as to cut a groove having a predetermined dimension in the outermost peripheral portion of the cutter disc including the outer diameter of the cutter disk body by cutting chips,
On the front surface of the cutter disk on the cutter disk rotation center side of the outermost cutter for hard wall, the distance from the rotation center of the cutter disk is varied in the radial direction so that a rake angle perpendicular to the shield body side from the cutting surface of the cutter disk is provided. And forming a plurality of hard wall cutters that form a horizontal rake angle in the turning direction of the cutter disk,
The distance between the plurality of hard wall cutters is set as a predetermined distance in which the size of the cut piece of the hard wall cut is smaller than the opening size of the earth and sand intake port of the cutter disk, and is cut by the outermost peripheral cutter for hard walls. A shield machine configured to cut a hard wall on the cutter disk rotation center side of the cut groove with a hard wall cutter .

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