JP3680407B2 - Waste treatment equipment - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a waste treatment apparatus, and more particularly to a waste treatment apparatus for dissolving and treating waste such as foamed polystyrene to be discarded.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, foamed polystyrene (so-called expanded polystyrene: EPS) molded bodies are used in large quantities for packaging home appliances, AV (audio / visual) devices, and the like. This type of expanded polystyrene has excellent shock-absorbing properties, can be easily processed into an arbitrary shape, has a low price, and has a good appearance.
However, when it is incinerated as waste, expanded polystyrene generates high heat, shortens the life of the incinerator, generates severe odors, and does not decompose in the soil even if discarded. In recent years, the use of mass production has been questioned as environmental protection and resource saving are increasing.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
Thus, as an alternative material for expanded polystyrene, pulp mold materials produced by regenerating milk cartons, cardboard, newspapers, etc. have begun to be used in part. However, while foamed polystyrene exhibits excellent shock-absorbing properties due to its own elasticity, pulp mold materials impart cushioning properties by processing paper into an uneven shape, so its strength and buffering properties Have limitations and large variations in characteristics.
Therefore, for general packing products, particularly large products such as refrigerators, washing machines, and televisions, for the time being, foamed polystyrene must still be mainly used as the packing material.
Thus, attempts have been made to collect and recycle the expanded polystyrene molding.
[0004]
However, the recovery rate of the expanded polystyrene molded product is extremely low as compared with paper at present. This is because many newspapers and magazines collect recovered paper and the price of the paper is stable, but as is clear from the fact that expanded polystyrene has a small specific gravity of about 0.02, it is worth the weight. Has a very large volume, and the recovery rate of the expanded polystyrene molded product is extremely low because it does not have a storage place or does not meet the recovery cost.
Devices that melt and block foamed polystyrene moldings by heat have been introduced in some factories, etc., but such foamed polystyrene is used in a wider range of fields including general distribution bases such as storefronts and homes. It is not easy to introduce an apparatus for forming a molded product into a melt block in consideration of cost, installation location, generation of odor accompanying thermal decomposition of polystyrene, and the like. In addition, in the polystyrene block obtained by melting with heat, the molecular weight of polystyrene molecules is greatly reduced by thermal decomposition, so that it is difficult to reuse as polystyrene.
Further, when the expanded polystyrene molded body is melted by heat, the expanded polystyrene is melted as it is without being crushed, so that the dissolution time is considerably increased.
[0005]
Even if the solution is dissolved using a solution in which the expanded polystyrene is dissolved, if the temperature of the solution is low, the dissolution time is considerably increased and the efficiency is poor. Since trays and containers, which are foamed polystyrene moldings, have been subjected to surface treatment, if they are melted with heat or simply dissolved with a solution, it takes time to dissolve them.
Since there are cases where various foreign substances are mixed in the expanded polystyrene molded article, the quality of the expanded polystyrene is deteriorated when the expanded polystyrene is dissolved for recycling.
When the expanded polystyrene molding is treated and reused, it is preferable to treat it with as little energy as possible.
Accordingly, the present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a waste treatment apparatus that can easily and efficiently treat waste (for example, discarded expanded polystyrene). .
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
  In the present invention, in the waste treatment apparatus for treating a waste made of expanded polystyrene with a solvent made of limonene, the above object is connected to an upper portion of the waste treatment device and a lower portion of the input portion. A solution containing a solution in which a solvent or waste is dissolvedContainmentA plurality of cutting tools provided in the solution storage portion of the storage means, which are provided in the solution storage portion of the storage means and have sharp edges at the lower end portion of the solution storage portion, and a plurality of blades on the wall surface of the lower end portion of the solution storage portion A plurality of units provided between each of theFixed plateAnd a pulverizing means comprising a driving means for rotating the blade, a temperature holding means for keeping the temperature of the solvent or solution in the storage means at a predetermined temperature, and dropping the solution into the solution storage section from above in the storage means in a shower shape This is achieved by a waste treatment apparatus comprising a solution circulating means for circulating, a collecting means for collecting a solution reaching a predetermined concentration, and a solvent supply means for dropping a new solvent into the solution containing portion from above the containing means in a shower shape. Is done.
  In the present invention, a solution for treating wasteContainmentThe solvent is accommodated in the inside. Solution from the inletContainmentThe waste thrown into theFixed plateAnd then crushed and dissolved. At this time, the solutionContainmentThe solution inside is maintained at a predetermined temperature, and the crushed waste is efficiently dissolved. In addition, a solution in which waste is dissolved is a solutionContainmentThe solution having reached a predetermined concentration is collected while being dropped and circulated in a shower form from above. Also, during the treatment of waste, the solutionContainmentInside, a new solvent is supplied in the form of a shower,ContainmentThe solution containing waste adhering to the inner wall is washed away.
[0008]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
DESCRIPTION OF EXEMPLARY EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The embodiment described below is a preferred specific example of the present invention, and thus various technically preferable limitations are given. However, the scope of the present invention is particularly limited in the following description. Unless otherwise stated, the present invention is not limited to these forms.
[0009]
Embodiment 1
FIG. 1 shows a preferred embodiment 1 of the waste treatment apparatus of the present invention.
In FIG. 1, the waste treatment apparatus 10 includes a storage unit 20, a pulverization unit 30, a temperature holding unit 50, a solvent supply unit 70, a control unit 100, and the like.
The waste treatment apparatus 10 is an apparatus for pulverizing a waste, for example, a foamed polystyrene container CA by a pulverizing means 30 and dissolving it with a solvent M as a treatment liquid.
The expanded polystyrene container CA is, for example, a container for storing fish. The solvent (treatment liquid) M is at least selected from the group consisting of at least an aromatic organic solvent, a hydrocarbon organic solvent, an ether organic solvent, an ester organic solvent, a ketone organic solvent, and a monoterpene organic solvent. A container CA made of expanded polystyrene is dissolved using a solvent consisting of one kind. This solvent M is particularly preferably at least one of limonene, isoamyl acetate, benzyl propionate and butyric acid ester. Therefore, the first embodiment uses limonene as the solvent M.
[0010]
In FIGS. 1 and 2, the storage means 20 of the waste treatment apparatus 10 includes an input unit 21 and a processing liquid storage unit 22.
The input unit 21 is located above the processing liquid storage unit 22, and the input unit 21 has an input port 21 a for inputting a foamed polystyrene container CA. This insertion port 21 a is long open in the width direction on the side surface of the insertion portion 21.
A speaker 23 is provided at the rear of the input unit 21.
In FIG. 1, the width of the treatment liquid storage unit 22 is slightly smaller than the width of the input unit 21, and the bottom is substantially semicircular. In the processing liquid storage unit 22, a solvent M that is a processing liquid is stored.
A crushing means 30 is disposed in the processing liquid storage unit 22. The crushing means 30 includes a rotating shaft 31, a plurality of blades 32, a pulley 33, a transmission belt 34, a motor 35, a fixed plate 37, and the like.
The pulley 36 of the motor 35 and the pulley 33 of the rotating shaft 31 are connected by a transmission belt 34.
[0011]
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, a plurality of blades 32, for example, five blades 32, are fixed to the rotary shaft 31 at equal intervals. These blades 32 are fixed to the rotary shaft 31 so as to overlap each other when viewed in the axial direction of the rotary shaft 31. Each blade 32 has the same shape, and has a tip portion 32a and a center portion 32b. The distal end portion 32a is a thin and sharp blade portion for biting into the expanded polystyrene container CA of FIG. 1, and the distal end portion 32a is formed in an acute angle shape. The central portion 32b is a portion that is continuous with the distal end portion 32a and is thicker than the distal end portion 32a, and holds the container CA at the lower portion of the fixed plate 37 in FIG. 1 while holding the container CA biting into the distal end portion 32a. The part to be crushed.
By doing in this way, the expanded polystyrene container CA can be surely finely pulverized, so that the finely pulverized container pieces can be quickly dissolved in the solvent M. The fixing plates 37 are arranged at equal intervals in the processing liquid storage unit 22, and are located, for example, between adjacent blades 32, 32 in FIG.
[0012]
Moreover, as shown in FIG. 3, the rotating shaft 31 preferably has a push bar 38 of a container CA.
The crushing means 30 has an overload detection means 40 in addition to the above-described plural blades 32 and a motor 35 as an actuator for rotating these blades 32. This overload detection means 40 is, for example, a detection sensor for the rotational current of the motor 35. When the cutter 32 bites into a container CA having a high strength, if the container CA falls between the cutter 32 and the fixed plate 37, the rotation of the rotor of the motor 35 may be forcibly stopped. Therefore, when the overload detection unit 40 detects an excessive current, the overload detection unit 40 sends an overload detection signal to the control unit 100. Based on the overload detection signal from the overload detection means 40, the control unit 100 reverses the rotation of the motor 35 (reverse direction, CCW), thereby avoiding an overload applied to the blade 32. be able to.
[0013]
The processing liquid storage unit 22 includes a liquid level sensor 45 that detects the liquid level position ML of the solvent M. The liquid level sensor 45- has a light emitting part 45a and a light receiving part 45b. The light emitting unit 45a is, for example, a light emitting diode, and the light receiving unit 45b is a phototransistor.
When the liquid surface position ML reaches the predetermined position PL, the light emitted from the light emitting unit 45a of the liquid surface sensor 45 is not received by the light receiving unit 45b, so that the liquid surface sensor 45 is made of the solvent M (polystyrene solution). The liquid level position ML can be detected.
[0014]
Next, the temperature holding means 50 will be described.
The temperature holding unit 50 is disposed in the processing liquid storage unit 22. The temperature holding means 50 includes a heater 51, a temperature sensor 52, a heating power source 53, and the like. The heater 51 is disposed on the bottom side of the processing liquid storage unit 22, and can heat the solvent M in the processing liquid storage unit 22 by supplying power from the power source 53.
[0015]
The temperature sensor 52 detects the temperature of the heated solvent M and sends a temperature detection signal to the control unit 100. Based on the temperature detection signal obtained from the temperature sensor 52, the control unit 100 controls the power supply 53 to control the amount of heating that the heater 51 applies to the solvent M, so that the temperature of the solvent M does not exceed 40 ° C., for example. In addition, the temperature is preferably maintained at a temperature of 30 ° C. or lower or in the vicinity of 30 ° C. When the solvent M is limonene (d-limonene), its flash point is 48.5 ° C., so the temperature of the solvent M should not be 48.5 ° C.
In the first embodiment, when the solvent M falls below 30 ° C., the heater 51 is energized to heat the solvent M. Further, when the solvent M becomes 40 ° C. or higher, the control unit 100 operates the speaker 23 (see FIG. 1) to make a warning sound to the user.
[0016]
Next, the solvent supply means 70 will be described.
In FIG. 1, the solvent supply means 70 includes a supply pipe 71, hoses N0, N1, N2, N3, N4, N5 and the like. The supply pipe 71 is connected to the discharge part 39 of the processing liquid storage part 22 via the hoses N0, N1, N3, and N4 described above. Further, the discharge part 39 is led to a new solvent storage part 77 through the hoses N4, N3, N2. Similarly, the discharge part 39 is connected to the solvent storage part (polystyrene solution storage part) 78 by the hoses N4 and N5.
[0017]
As shown in FIG. 4, the supply pipe 71 is halved along the axial direction, and the supply pipe 71 can supply (shower) the solvent M into the processing liquid storage unit 22. That is, the half-type supply pipe 71 has a notch 71c, and the state in which the supply pipe 71 showers the solvent M is shown in FIGS.
The solvent M in use can be supplied from the supply pipe 71 into the processing liquid storage unit 22 by the force of the pump 72 through the processing liquid storage unit 22, the discharge unit 39, and the hoses N4, N3, N1, and N0. At this time, the switching valves V1 and V2 are switched, and the solvent (polystyrene solution) M discharged from the discharge unit 39 does not go to the solvent container (polystyrene solution container) 78 and the new solvent container 77. It is like that.
[0018]
Alternatively, when supplying the new solvent M stored in the new solvent storage unit 77 into the processing liquid storage unit 22 from the supply pipe 71, the switching valve V2 is switched and the pump 72 is operated. The new solvent M in the new solvent storage unit 77 can be supplied (injected) from the supply pipe 71 into the processing liquid storage unit 22 via the switching valve V <b> 2 and the pump 72.
In this way, the solvent (polystyrene solution) M or the new solvent M (limonene) can be selectively supplied from the supply pipe 71 into the processing liquid container 22.
[0019]
Next, the filter 80 located in the discharge part 39 of FIG. 1 is demonstrated.
The filter 80 is a filter for removing foreign matter (non-dissolved matter) such as dust adhering to the solvent M or the container CA. As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the filter 80 is disposed inside the discharge port 39 a of the discharge unit 39. The discharge port 39a can be sealed by fitting the lid 81 and stopping the stopper 82. When the lid 81 is removed from the discharge port 39a, the tool 83 can be used to discharge foreign matter EM such as dust accumulated on the filter 80 to the outside from the discharge port 39a.
[0020]
The human body detection sensor 90 of FIG. The human body detection sensor 90 senses a child when a person, for example, a child enters from the insertion port 21a and enters the insertion unit 21 and the treatment liquid storage unit 22, and sends a human body detection signal to the control unit 100. Can send. Based on this, the control unit 100 generates a warning sound from the speaker 23, for example, and the control unit 100 does not operate the motor 35 or urgently stops the operation of the motor 35. For example, a human body detection sensor module can be used as the human body detection sensor 90, which is a human body detection means, and this module is a commercially available integrated pyroelectric infrared sensor, sensor circuit, timer, various control circuits, and Fresnel lens. It is a module.
The control unit 100 controls the heater power supply 53, the switching valves V1 and V2, the pump 72, the motor 35, the speaker 23, and the like, and receives the detection signal of the liquid level sensor 45 and the detection signal of the temperature sensor 52.
[0021]
Next, an example of the operation of the above-described waste disposal apparatus will be described with reference to FIG.
The waste treatment apparatus 10 is charged with, for example, a relatively large expanded polystyrene container CA shown in FIG.
First, a predetermined amount of new solvent M is supplied from the new solvent storage section 77 to the processing liquid storage section 22 from the supply pipe 71 by the operation of the pump 72.
The solvent (limonene) M stored in the processing liquid storage unit 22 is heated by the heater 51 and the temperature of the solvent M is measured by the temperature sensor 52. When the temperature of the solvent M falls below 30 ° C. based on the temperature detection signal of the temperature sensor 52, the control unit 100 turns on the power supply 53 of the heater 51 and heats the solvent M with the heater 51. Heat to a temperature of 30 ° C. (or until it reaches a temperature around 30 ° C.).
[0022]
In this way, when the solvent M is stored in the processing liquid storage unit 22 and the temperature thereof is maintained, the containers CA are sequentially charged from the charging port 21a of the charging unit 21 (step ST1 in FIG. 7).
The motor 35 in FIG. 1 is operated according to a command from the control unit 100, and the blade 32 is continuously rotated along the crushing direction CCW. First, the container CA is finely divided by the action of the blade 32, the fixing plate 37, and the like. It is pulverized (step ST2 in FIG. 7). In this crushing step, the tip 32a of the blade 32 bites into the container CA, and the container CA is crushed by the relative movement by stopping the container CA at the lower part of the fixed plate 37 while the center 32b presses the container CA. . By repeating this crushing operation, the crushed pieces of the container CA are gradually made finer.
[0023]
Thus, by making the container CA into fine crushed pieces, the solvent M maintained at a temperature of 30 ° C. can easily dissolve these crushed pieces. When the polystyrene concentration of the solvent M reaches, for example, 30% by dissolution of the crushed pieces of the container CA, the liquid level position of the solvent M (polystyrene solution) reaches the position PL, and the liquid level sensor 45 detects the liquid level position. ML is detected (step ST3 in FIG. 7).
As a result, the liquid level sensor 45 gives a detection signal to the control unit 100, so that the control unit 100 determines that the polystyrene concentration in the solvent M has reached 30 wt%, and the control unit 100 stops the operation of the motor 35. (Step ST4 in FIG. 7).
And the control part 100 switches the switching valve V1, and the solvent M which melt | dissolved the grinding | pulverization piece of the container CA, ie, a polystyrene solution, is solvent through the filter 80, hose N4, switching valve V1, and hose N5 of the discharge part 39. It collect | recovers in the accommodating part (polystyrene solution accommodating part) 78 (step ST6) (step ST5, ST6 of FIG. 7).
[0024]
By the way, when the polystyrene container CA is large and thick (strength is strong), when the blade 32 rotates and an overload is applied, the motor 35 stops. At this time, the overload detecting means 40 detects the current value of the motor 35 and gives an overload detection signal to the control unit 100 because the current value is abnormal. Based on this signal, the controller 100 rotates the rotor of the motor 35 in the reverse direction (CW).
Thereby, since the cutter 32 rotates in the reverse rotation direction CW, the overload state can be released, and the control unit 100 operates the motor 35 in the pulverization direction CCW again to easily pulverize the container CA. Can do.
That is, the reverse operation in the reverse rotation direction CW and the grinding direction CCW described above is performed until the load of the motor 35 becomes the normal load.
[0025]
In order to increase the dissolution efficiency of the crushed pieces of the container CA, it is preferable to perform the following operation.
As described above, when the cutter 32 is pulverizing while rotating the container CA, the switching valve V1, V2 is switched and the pump 72 is operated, so that the solvent M in the processing liquid storage unit 22 is discharged from the discharge unit 39. Can be supplied (showered) from the supply pipe 71 into the processing liquid storage unit 22.
Since the solvent M is circulated during the pulverization and dissolution operations in this way, the solvent M can be circulated and the solvent M can be applied to the crushed pieces of the container CA in the middle of pulverization. The dissolution efficiency can be increased.
[0026]
In addition, when collecting the polystyrene solution, if foreign matter is mixed, the foreign matter is deposited on the filter 80. When a predetermined amount of foreign matter has accumulated on the filter 80, the lid 81 in FIG. 6 can be removed and the foreign matter EM deposited on the filter 80 can be discharged to the outside using the tool 83. By doing in this way, the foreign material mixing rate of the polystyrene solution accommodated in the solvent accommodating part (polystyrene solution accommodating part) 78 can be reduced.
After the polystyrene solution is discharged from the processing solution storage unit 22 to the solvent storage unit (polystyrene solution storage unit) 78, a new solvent M (limonene) is supplied from the new solvent storage unit 77 via the supply pipe 71. By supplying (showering) the inside of 22, the new solvent M (limonene) can remove small crushed pieces or the like adhering to or solidifying the inner wall of the processing liquid storage unit 22.
If the temperature sensor 52 detects that the temperature of the solvent M has reached 40 ° C. during the pulverization and dissolution operation of the container CA, the control unit 100 sounds a speaker 23 to generate a warning sound, for example. The operation of the motor 35 is stopped.
[0027]
As described above, in the first embodiment of the present invention, the charged container CA is pulverized and agitated, and the solvent can be supplied from the supply pipe 71 as necessary. can do. In addition, by controlling the temperature of the solvent M, the processing speed of the crushed pieces can be improved, and accidents such as the solvent M reaching the flash point can be prevented, and work safety can be ensured.
The supply pipe 71 supplies the solvent M to the crushed pieces, or the small crushed pieces M adhering to the inner wall of the processing liquid storage unit 22 after use are washed away with a new solvent M (limonene) supplied from the supply pipe 71. Thereby, the maintainability of the processing liquid storage unit 22 can be improved. In addition, since foreign matter can be removed in the filter 80, the maintenance of the processing liquid storage unit 22 can be further improved.
By making the tip 32a of the blade 32 a little thinner and the center 32b a little thicker, it is possible to reduce the sound when the container CA is crushed or crushed. Since the plurality of blades 32 are arranged in a line along the rotation shaft 31, even a large container CA can be easily pulled and pulverized.
[0028]
As described above, in the first embodiment of the present invention, for example, a relatively large container can be crushed and dissolved with the solvent M as the processing liquid, and the volume of the expanded polystyrene container CA can be easily and easily reduced. it can.
[0029]
By the way, the first embodiment of the invention can adopt, for example, the modified examples of FIGS.
FIG. 8 is a modification of the filter 80, and shows an example in which the filter 80 is attached to the filter cartridge 80a. This filter cartridge 80a can be taken in and out with respect to the discharge port 39a of the discharge part 39 of FIG. In this case, the stopper 82 may or may not be provided.
The filter 180 of FIG. 9 can be mounted in a hose N4 below the discharge part 39. That is, the filter 180 can be mounted in the hose N4 by opening the cover 183 of the hose N4.
In FIG. 10, the supply pipe 71 has a plurality of holes 71a in its longitudinal direction. Each hole 71 a can supply (showering or jetting) the solvent M into the processing liquid storage unit 22. On the other hand, in the first embodiment shown in FIG. 4 described above, the supply pipe 71 is a half-divided pipe, for example, divided into two in the longitudinal direction, and the notch is formed along the longitudinal direction of the supply pipe 71. 71c is formed. These notches 71 c can supply the solvent M into the processing liquid storage unit 22.
FIG. 11 shows another arrangement example of the blades 32. In addition to arranging the blades 32 in a line along the rotation shaft 31, they can also be arranged, for example, every 120 ° C. with respect to the rotation shaft 31 as shown in FIG.
[0030]
Embodiment 2
12 to 15 show a preferred embodiment 2 of the waste treatment apparatus of the present invention.
12 to 15, the waste treatment apparatus 410 includes a control unit 400, a main body 411, a waste detection means 440, a pulverization means 470, a treatment liquid storage means (also referred to as a stirring tank) 420, a stirring means 490, and the like. ing.
The main body 411 accommodates the pulverizing means 470, the accommodating means 420, the stirring means 490, the used solvent accommodating portion 500, and the like.
[0031]
The main body 411 includes a loading port 412 at the top thereof. As shown in FIGS. 14 and 15, the insertion port 412 is a long and narrow insertion port, and a waste detection means 440 is disposed on the inside. The waste detection means 440 is, for example, three sets of waste sensors SE1, SE2, and SE3. These sensors SE <b> 1 to SE <b> 3 are a combination of a light emitting unit 550 and a light receiving unit 560 as shown as an example in FIG. 18. For example, the light emitting unit 550 can use a light emitting diode, and the light receiving unit 560 can use a phototransistor.
When the light LI emitted from the light emitting unit 550 is blocked by a foamed polystyrene container PA passing between the light emitting unit 550 and the light receiving unit 560, the sensor output output by the light receiving unit 560 is turned on as shown in FIG. The LOW state is changed to the OFF state (HIGH state).
[0032]
FIG. 18 shows an example of the circuit of the waste detection means 440. The three sensors SE1 to SE3 are connected to the OR circuit 570. The sensor output SP of the OR circuit 570 is supplied to the mono-multi circuit 580 and input to one input terminal of the OR circuit 590. The output of the mono-multi circuit 580 is input to the other input terminal of the OR circuit 590 as a delay output DP. When either the delay output DP or the sensor output SP is input, the OR circuit 590 can supply the motor control signal MS to the motor 600.
Examples of the sensor output SP, the delay output DP, and the motor control signal MS are shown in FIG.
[0033]
Next, the crushing means 470 in FIG. 15 will be described.
As shown in FIGS. 12 and 15, the crushing means 470 is located on the upper side of the main body 411 and includes two blades 471 and 472. The rotating shaft 473 of the blade 471 in FIG. 13 is connected to the pulley 601 of the motor 600 via the belt 603. Similarly, the pulley 476 of the rotating shaft 475 of the other blade 472 is engaged with the belt 603. Further, the pulley 493 of the rotating shaft 491 of the stirring means 490 is also engaged with the belt 603. That is, when the pulley 601 is rotated by operating the motor 600, the blade 471 is rotated in the arrow CW direction, and the blade 472 is rotated in the CCW direction. Simultaneously with these rotations, the rotation shaft 491 of the stirring means 490 is It is designed to rotate in synchronization with the direction.
[0034]
As shown in FIGS. 16 and 17, the cutters 471 and 472 in FIG. 15 are cutters having a slight engagement, and spiral grooves 474 and 475 are formed in each cutter. By engaging these blades in the directions of arrow CW and arrow CCW in FIG. 15, for example, the tray-like container PA (see FIG. 15) can be made into a thin strip-like shape that can be broken into pieces with a predetermined length. Can be crushed. This state is shown in FIG. 17, and the container PA can be pulverized into fine pulverized pieces PAB.
[0035]
The crushed pieces PAB thus pulverized fall into the accommodating means 420 as shown in FIG. In the storage means 420, the solvent M is stored. The solvent M as the treatment liquid is at least one selected from the group consisting of at least an aromatic organic solvent, a hydrocarbon organic solvent, an ether organic solvent, an ester organic solvent, a ketone organic solvent, and a monoterpene organic solvent. A waste made of expanded polystyrene is dissolved using a solvent made of seed.
Preferably, as the solvent M, at least one of limonene, isoamyl acetate, benzyl propionate and butyric acid ester can be used as a solvent. In the second embodiment, limonene is used as the solvent M.
The container PA is, for example, a relatively small foamed polystyrene container, and is a relatively thin and small container that can contain meat and fish.
[0036]
The stirring means 490 is stirring means for assisting the solvent M to dissolve the crushed pieces PAB while stirring the crushed pieces PAB in the solvent M.
The stirring means 490 has a stirring plate 491 every 90 degrees around the rotating shaft 491.
The accommodating means 420 has a liquid level sensor 460. The liquid level sensor 460 detects the liquid level position ML of the solvent M that has reached the position PL, and includes a light emitting unit 461 and a light receiving unit 462. For example, the light emitting unit 461 is a light emitting diode, and the light receiving unit 462 is a phototransistor. When the concentration of the expanded polystyrene in the solvent M such as limonene becomes 30% by weight, the liquid level position ML of the solvent M reaches a predetermined position PL. At this time, the liquid level sensor 460 detects the liquid level position ML and sends a control signal to the control unit 400, so that the control unit 400 can determine that the solvent M has almost dissolved the crushed pieces.
The detection signal of the light receiving unit 462 of the liquid level sensor 460 can be given to the control unit 400. When the control unit 400 detects the liquid surface position ML of the solvent M in this way, it can stop the operation of the motor 600 of FIG.
And the solvent M can be moved to the accommodating part 500 side of FIG. 12 by opening the lid | cover (not shown) of the bottom part of the accommodating means 420. FIG.
[0037]
The accommodating means 420 has a temperature holding means 770. The temperature holding unit 770 includes a heater 771 and a temperature sensor 772. The heater 771 heats the solvent M in the storage unit 420 to a predetermined temperature, for example, 30 ° C. (or a temperature around 30 ° C.) when the power source 773 supplies power to the heater 771 in accordance with a command from the control unit 400. Can do. The temperature sensor 772 is a sensor for managing the temperature of the solvent M, and can send a detection signal to the control unit 400. The control unit 400 holds the temperature of the solvent M at 30 ° C. (or a temperature around 30 ° C.) based on the detection signal of the temperature sensor 772. Then, the temperature is maintained so that the solvent M does not reach 48.5 ° C. which is the flash point of limonene. If the temperature of the solvent M reaches 40 ° C. or higher, the control unit 100 can warn and stop the operation of the motor 600 by using alarm means 409 such as a speaker. .
[0038]
Further, the accommodating means 420 preferably includes a supply means (injecting means) 950. The supply unit 950 supplies (injects) the solvent M in the storage unit 420 from above the stirring unit 490 via the pump 960. Alternatively, the supply means 950 can supply the new solvent M toward the stirred 490 from the storage means 963 containing the new solvent M by the operation of the pump 960.
The control unit 400 controls the motor 600, the pump 960, the alarm unit 409, and the power source 773, and receives the detection signals of the sensors SE1 to SE3 and the detection signal of the temperature sensor 772.
[0039]
Next, an operation example of the waste treatment apparatus 410 described above will be described with reference to FIG. When the container PA of FIG. 15 is charged into the charging port 412, the container PA enters vertically downward along the charging port 412. At this time, the light LI of the light emitting section 550 of the sensors SE1 to SE3 of the waste detection means (tray detection sensor) 440 is blocked by the passage of the container PA. Thereby, the sensor output of at least one light receiving unit 560 of the sensors SE1 to SE3 in FIG. 18 is input to the OR circuit 570. Accordingly, the sensor output SP of the OR circuit 570 is on while the container PA is passing as shown in FIG. As a result, the sensor output SP is input to the mono-multi circuit 580 and the OR circuit 590, so that the mono-multi circuit 580 outputs the delayed output DP.
The OR circuit 590 supplies a motor control signal MS to the motor 600 as shown in FIG. 19 while either the sensor output SP or the delay output DP is being input. That is, the motor 600 rotates only during the period T in FIG. In addition, this period T can be set to the time until the crushing operation | work with the blades 471 and 472 and the stirring operation | work by the stirring means 490 are complete | finished. Since the motor 600 operates for the period T, the blades 471 and 472 stop after taking the container PA and completely crushing into the crushed pieces PAB as shown in FIG. That is, the blades 471 and 472 rotate at least to a value obtained by dividing the distance L by 2πr (L / 2πr), so that the container PA is completely drawn from the blades 471 and 472 and crushed. The distance L is a distance from the sensor SE1 (SE2, SE3) to the lower end portions of the blades 471, 472 as shown in FIG. R is the radius of the blades 471, 472.
[0040]
Thus, the blades 471 and 472 rotate in the CW and CCW directions, respectively, so that the entire container PA is pulverized into pulverized pieces PAB as shown in FIG.
A large number of pulverized pieces PAB fall into the solvent M in the storage unit 420 and are dissolved in the solvent M while being stirred in the CCW direction by the stirring plate 491 of the stirring unit 490.
At this time, the control unit 400 in FIG. 15 operates the pump 960 to inject the solvent M from the supply unit 950. This solvent M is the solvent M in the storage means 420.
Since the temperature holding means 770 holds the solvent M at a predetermined temperature, for example, 30 ° C. (or a temperature in the vicinity of 30 ° C.) by the heating of the heater 771, the crushed piece PAB is easily and efficiently made by the solvent M. Can dissolve well. Moreover, since the stirring plate 491 can move the crushed pieces PAB in the solvent M, the dissolution efficiency can be further increased.
[0041]
In the above process, as shown in FIG. 20, when pulverization is started (ST30), the waste detection means 440 confirms the passage of the container PA at the inlet 412 (ST31). Upon confirmation of the passage of the container PA, the motor 600 shown in FIG. 13 is operated to rotate the two blades 471 and 472 and the stirring plate 491 (ST32).
When the period T shown in FIG. 19 elapses (ST33), the motor 600 stops (ST34). Thereby, the grinding | pulverization operation | movement with the grinding | pulverization of the container PA and the solvent M is complete | finished, and an expanded polystyrene solution is moved to the accommodating part 500 of FIG.
After that, if the pump 960 is operated to supply new solvent M (limonene) from the new solvent storage portion 963 into the storage means 420 via the supply means 950, the pump 960 adheres to the inner wall of the storage means 420. Solidified crushed pieces can be removed.
As described above, the delay output DP in FIG. 19 is set for the sensor output SP because the blades 471 and 472 in FIG. 15 pulverize the container PA, and then the pulverized pieces PAB are stirred and dissolved by the solvent M. This is to secure time.
[0042]
Incidentally, in the above-described embodiment, the rotation of the two blades 471 and 472 and the rotation of the stirring plate 491 are performed in synchronization with one motor 600. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the rotation of the blades 471 and 472 is performed. Of course, the stirring plate 491 can be rotated by a separate motor.
In this case, when the waste detection means 440 detects the container PA, the control unit operates the motors for rotating the blades 471 and 472, operates the motor for a predetermined time, and the containers PA by the blades 471 and 472. After the pulverization is completed, the motor is stopped. The controller may operate the motor for rotating the stirring plate 491 to stir the crushed pieces PAB in the solvent M before or simultaneously with stopping the motor.
In any case, it is more preferable from the viewpoint of energy saving that each motor is operated only during the crushing operation of the container PA and during stirring and dissolution in the solvent M of the crushed piece PAB.
[0043]
The present invention is not limited to the first and second embodiments.
For example, as shown in FIG. 21, instead of the sensors SE1 to SE3 in FIG. The light emitting unit 963 and the light receiving unit 965 are disposed at the inner end of the insertion port 412 in the longitudinal direction. In this way, it is possible to reliably detect the container PA when the container PA of FIG. 15 is introduced by only providing one set of sensors SE4.
Further, as the blades 471 and 472, it is of course possible to adopt a shredder blade or the like that cuts a conventionally used paper into an elongated shape. The waste detection means 440 uses a light detection type sensor, but is not limited to this, and uses a contact-type sensor that comes into contact with and detects when a waste container PA is introduced into the insertion port 412. Of course it is also possible.
[0044]
In the above-described second embodiment of the present invention and its modification, even a container PA such as a tray that has been subjected to a surface treatment that is difficult to dissolve can be crushed without difficulty and easily and quickly by a solvent M such as limonene. It can be dissolved with stirring. Since the motor 600 automatically operates when the container PA is inserted into the charging port 412, the motor 600 is stopped when the container PA is not charged. Therefore, since the motor can be operated only when the container PA is pulverized and melted, power can be saved and the motor operation switch is turned on every time the user inputs the container PA as in the prior art. This eliminates the need for such work and saves labor.
Further, by adding the supply means 950 as shown in FIG. 15, the crushed pieces PAB can be dissolved more quickly.
In the embodiment of the present invention, a container such as a tray is taken as an example of the waste, but the waste treatment apparatus of the present invention can also be applied when processing waste in other fields. Moreover, the maintainability of the waste treatment apparatus can be improved by the shower ring (solvent supply) and the filter.
[0045]
【The invention's effect】
  As explained above, according to the present invention,Since the solution in which the waste is dissolved is dropped and circulated in a shower until the concentration reaches a predetermined concentration, an efficient waste treatment apparatus can be realized. In addition, since a new solvent is also supplied in a shower form, the solution containing waste adhering to the inner wall of the solution storage unit can be removed, which is suitable for maintenance of the processing apparatus itself..
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a preferred embodiment 1 of a waste treatment apparatus of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing accommodation means of the waste disposal apparatus of FIG.
FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing an example of pulverizing means of the waste disposal apparatus of FIG.
4 is a perspective view showing an example of a processing liquid storage unit and a solvent supply unit of the storage unit of FIG. 1; FIG.
FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing a discharge part at the lower part of the processing liquid storage part.
6 is a perspective view showing the vicinity of the discharge portion and the filter in FIG. 5;
7 is a diagram showing an operation example of the waste disposal apparatus of FIG. 1. FIG.
FIG. 8 is a diagram showing another embodiment of the filter of the waste disposal apparatus of FIG. 1;
FIG. 9 is a view showing still another embodiment of the filter.
FIG. 10 is a view showing another embodiment of a supply pipe in the processing liquid storage unit.
FIG. 11 is a view showing another example of the cutter of the crushing means.
FIG. 12 is a front view showing a preferred embodiment 2 of the waste disposal apparatus of the present invention.
13 is a side view of the waste disposal apparatus of FIG.
14 is a plan view of the waste disposal apparatus of FIG. 12. FIG.
15 is an enlarged view of the waste disposal apparatus of FIG.
16 is a plan view showing an example of a blade of the waste disposal apparatus of FIG.
17 is an enlarged view of a part of the blade of FIG.
18 is a circuit diagram showing an example of the waste detection means of FIG.
19 is a diagram showing an output example of each part in the circuit diagram of FIG. 18;
FIG. 20 is a diagram showing an operation example of the waste disposal apparatus of FIGS.
FIG. 21 is a view showing another embodiment of the waste disposal apparatus of FIG.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ... Waste processing apparatus, 20 ... Storage means, 21a ... Loading port, 30 ... Crushing means, 32 ... Cutlery, 35 ... Motor (actuator which rotates a cutter), 40 ... Overload detection means, 50 ... Temperature holding means, 70 ... Supply means, 90 ... Human body detection sensor (human body detection means), 100, 400 ... Control unit, 410 ... Discard Material processing apparatus, 420 ... storage means, 440 ... waste detection means, 470 ... grinding means, 490 ... stirring means, CA, PA ... foamed polystyrene container (waste), M ... Solvent (treatment liquid, eg limonene)

Claims (3)

In a waste treatment apparatus for treating waste made of expanded polystyrene with a solvent made of limonene,
A storage means having an input part for supplying the waste above and a solution storage part connected to the lower part of the input part for storing the solvent or a solution in which the waste is dissolved. The lower end has a shape that forms a semi-cylinder projecting downward, and the storage means in which the direction of the virtual axis of the semi-cylindrical is a horizontal direction,
A grinding means for grinding the thrown-in waste provided in solution housing portion of the housing means, said rotating both ends provided on an imaginary axis of the half cylinder is rotatably supported on the solution housing portion Each of the plurality of blades that bite into the waste planted at predetermined intervals on the shaft and that have sharp edges at the lower ends of the solution storage portions, and each of the plurality of blades on the wall surface of the lower end portions of the solution storage portions. A plurality of fixed plates provided in between, and a driving means for rotating the blade via the rotating shaft, and a pulverizing means for pulverizing the waste with the blade and the fixed plate ;
Temperature holding means for holding the temperature of the solvent or solution in the housing means at a predetermined temperature;
A solution circulating means for dropping and circulating the solution into the solution containing section from above in the containing means;
A recovery means for recovering the solution reaching a predetermined concentration;
A waste treatment apparatus, comprising: a solvent supply means for dropping a new solvent into the solution storage section in a shower shape from above the storage means.   The waste treatment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the storage unit includes a filter for removing foreign substances in the solution. 2. The waste according to claim 1, wherein the crushing unit includes a detection unit that reverses the drive unit when the blade detects an overload of the drive unit when crushing the waste. Processing equipment.

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