JP3672326B2 - Eccentric motor and fluid pump - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
[Industrial application fields]
The present invention relates to a magnetic starting eccentric motor having an armature that rolls in a stator.
[0002]
[Prior art]
An electric motor typically includes a stator and a rotatable armature, and electromagnetic force is generated between the two to rotate the armature. The armature is supported by a bearing to maintain a certain distance between the armature and the stator, and of course this causes friction. Moreover, the electromagnetic force becomes weaker as the distance between the armature and the stator is larger.
[0003]
Several proposals have been made for motors and actuators in which an armature or roller rolls inside a cylindrical cavity by electromagnetic force. The electromagnetic force is generated in a sequence along the periphery of the cavity and attracts the armature made of ferromagnetic material. See, for example, U.S. Pat. Nos. 2,561,890, 4,728,837 and 4,482,828, German DAS 1132229 and Swiss 159,716. The disadvantages of such prior art mechanisms are generally very large and heavy mechanisms that cannot be easily miniaturized and have a low energy density. This occurs because of the need for components that can generate sufficient electromagnetic force to properly operate the mechanism.
[0004]
Electrostatic motors are also generally stators and The armature is mounted so as to rotate near or within the stator, and the attractive force between them is not an electromagnetic force but an electrostatic force. Examples of electrostatic motors are shown in US Pat. Nos. 735,621, 3,297,888, 3,517,225 and 4,225,801. Recently published U.S. Pat. No. 4,922,164 discloses an eccentric electrostatic motor having a cylindrical armature arranged for rolling engagement with a hollow cylindrical stator. Elongated conductive strips are disposed on the inner wall of the stator cavity and are spaced circumferentially around the cavity. The conductive strip continuously receives the electric charge, attracts the armature, and rolls in the stator cavity.
[0005]
Generally, an electrostatic motor may be lighter and smaller in size than an electromagnetic motor, but generally has a weak attractive force.
[0006]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
It is an object of the present invention to provide an electromagnetic motor that can be easily miniaturized without impairing the attractive force required for a desired operation.
[0007]
It is also an object of the present invention to provide a motor that can utilize both the magnetic attractive force and the magnetic repulsive force for the operation of the motor.
[0008]
It is also an object of the present invention to provide a motor that can minimize the frictional force between the stator and the armature.
[0009]
It is also an object of the present invention to provide a motor having high energy density with a high gear ratio.
[0010]
It is also an object of the present invention to provide a motor that is simple in design and easy to assemble and use.
[0011]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The above and other objects of the present invention include a stator defining a closed continuous surface path, an armature consisting of a permanent magnet rollably mounted on the closed surface path, and disposed on a closed surface in the stator. Magnetic eccentric motor including a series of electromagnetic elements that are selectively excited to alternately attract and repel the armature to roll the armature along a closed surface path, and a circuit that selectively excites the electromagnetic element This is realized by the specific embodiment. A coupling mechanism can be used to couple the armature rotation to the device used, where the mechanical output of the motor can actually be used.
[0012]
In accordance with one aspect of the present invention, the electromagnetic element includes elongated electromagnets disposed at spaced locations along a path in the stator, the electromagnets generally being parallel to each other and having their poles aligned. Yes. The armature also includes an elongated, generally cylindrical bar whose poles are arranged to roll in a path adjacent to the matched poles of the electromagnet. The excitation circuit includes a commutator circuit that continuously supplies current to the electromagnet to alternately attract and repel the armature that rolls along the path.
[0013]
【Example】
Referring to FIG. 1, a magnetic eccentric motor manufactured in accordance with the present invention is shown. The motor includes a stator 4 formed of four electromagnets 8a, 8b, 8c, 8d. Each electromagnet includes end pieces 12 and 16 of ferromagnetic material placed on both ends of the core rod 20. A conductive coil wire such as an electric wire 24 is wound around each core rod. The coil wound around each core rod is connected to a commutator current source 28, which responds to a signal from the control unit 32 and supplies current to the coil in a predetermined sequence and a predetermined polarity as will be described. That is, under the control of the control unit 32, the current source 28 may or may not supply current to the coil in one direction or in the opposite direction.
[0014]
An end piece, such as end piece 12, 16 of electromagnet 8d, along with other end pieces, defines a portion of an arcuate path in which an elongated generally cylindrical armature 40 can roll, such as surface region 36 of end piece 12. , Formed in an arc shape having an inner arc-shaped surface region. The armature 40 acting as a motor armature constitutes a permanent magnet having N and S poles as shown in FIG. Obviously, the armature 40 is manufactured from a known suitable material.
[0015]
The inner arcuate surface region of the electromagnet end piece, such as the surface region 36, is advantageously coated with a wear resistant material such as silicon nitride to prevent wear between the armature 40 and the end piece surface.
[0016]
As shown in FIG. 1, a position sensor circuit 44 is connected by a conductor 48 to a sensing element 52 disposed between the end pieces of the electromagnets 8a, 8b, 8c, 8d in a path defined by the arcuate inner surface of the end piece. ing. These sensing elements may be field effect transistor devices that receive current from the position sensor circuit 44 for explanation and the current flowing therethrough varies according to the position of the armature 40 and a known applied voltage. In this way, the position sensor circuit 44 can determine the position of the armature 40 in the stator 4.
[0017]
The position sensor circuit 44 sends a signal identifying the position of the armature 40 to the control unit 32, which then sends a signal to the commutator current source 28 to supply current to the appropriate electromagnet and the selected electromagnet. Magnetic attraction and magnetic repulsion occur with the permanent magnet armature 40. 3A to 3C are graphs of sequence examples in which the electromagnets 8a, 8b, 8c, and 8d are excited to roll the armature 40 in the stator. Only one end of each electromagnet is shown in FIGS. 3A-3C, and their instantaneous polarities are “N” (representing the N pole), “S” (representing the S pole), and (representing neutral or nonpolar) “ O ". In FIG. 3A, the armature that indicates the N extreme is magnet It is arranged with respect to the end piece of 8b. The end piece of the electromagnet 8b shows N polarity, and the end piece of the electromagnet 8c shows S polarity. Therefore, the armature 40 is repelled by the end piece of the electromagnet 8a and attracted by the end pieces of the electromagnets 8b and 8c. Thereby, the armature 40 is a stator. Within 4 Can be moved counterclockwise. In FIG. 3B, the polarity of the three end pieces of the electromagnet is changed as shown, and the armature is attracted toward the end pieces of the electromagnets 8c and 8d, but is repelled by the end pieces of the electromagnet 8b, and the armature is rebounded. Continue clockwise movement. Finally, in FIG. 3C, the three end pieces of the electromagnet are again changed in polarity and the armature 40 Is repelled by the end piece of the electromagnet 8c and attracted by the end pieces of the electromagnets 8d, 8a, and the armature 40 continues to roll counterclockwise. Similarly, the magnetic force generated from the motor at the opposite end to FIGS. 3A to 3C also causes the armature 40 to roll in the direction shown in FIGS. 3A to 3C.
[0018]
Since the armature 40 is in rolling contact with or extremely close to the arcuate inner surfaces of the end pieces of the electromagnets 8a, 8b, 8c, and 8d, a very strong magnetic force is generated between the armature and the electromagnet. Further, since the armature is in rolling contact with the stator and is not supported by the bearing, the friction caused by the movement of the armature is small. Furthermore, as described in US Pat. No. 4,922,164, gear reduction is achieved without the need for special gearing.
[0019]
Referring to FIG. 2, the armature 40 is connected to a use unit 60 driven by the rotation of the armature by a flexible connecting mechanism, that is, a shaft 56. In this way, the energy of the motor of FIGS. 1 and 2 is utilized. Various structural coupling mechanisms are fully discussed in US Pat. No. 4,922,164, which is incorporated herein by reference.
[0020]
For illustrative purposes, the control unit 32 may be a microprocessor or other program built-in control unit currently available on the market, such as DEC VAX-LAB or IBM PC. The commutator current source 28 may be a motor driven rotary switch that includes a wiper element, connecting the current source of the appropriate polarity to the selected wire coil 24 in the appropriate sequence when the wiper element is rotated. The commutator current source 28 can also be a conventional electronic commutator that can excite the electromagnet with the proper sequence and appropriate polarity.
[0021]
The position sensor 44 supplies current to a current detector or detector bank that determines each sensing element 52 and the current value, ie, the magnitude of the current through which each sensing element conducts, and then which sensing element 52 A current source that supplies current to a signal circuit that provides a signal to the control unit 32 can be used to identify whether the armature 40 is closest.
[0022]
Another armature position sensing configuration can include light sensing where the armature 40 is positioned to roll within a hollow cylindrical casing located centrally between the electromagnets and the interior of the casing is illuminated. The position of the armature 40 can be determined by monitoring the light passing through openings arranged circumferentially around the casing. Obviously, when the armature is in a position that partially covers the opening, no light passes through it, and thus the position of the armature is identified.
[0023]
FIG. 4 is a partial cross-sectional perspective view of another embodiment of the present invention in which a generally cylindrical hollow casing or housing 104 is provided. Tracks 108 and 112 are formed at both ends of the casing 104, and the disks 116 and 120 placed at the ends of the armature 124 can roll on the tracks. If a pair of ridges (locking portions), that is, ribs 128 and 132 are formed on the inner surface of the casing 104, the inner diameter of the ridge is smaller than the diameter of the disks 116 and 120, thereby preventing the armature 124 from moving in the axial direction. Can do. A plurality of electromagnets 136 are arranged in the casing 104 at intervals in the circumferential direction. Each electromagnet 136 includes an end piece 140, 144 (bar-shaped) core 148 and a wire coil 152 wound around each core 148.
[0024]
The armature 124 in the embodiment of FIG. 4 can be a permanent magnet as shown in the embodiment of FIGS. 1 and 2, or it can be made simply of a magnetic attraction material. If armature 124 is a permanent magnet, the armature is driven using the armature alternating suction and repulsion sequence described with respect to FIGS. 3A-3C to roll disks 116 and 124 onto tracks 108 and 112, respectively. be able to. If the armature 124 is made of magnetic attraction material, the armature 124 attraction (not repulsion) of the electromagnet 136 is simply and continuously excited and de-energized to place the disks 116, 120 on the tracks 108, 112 again. Roll. By providing a permanent magnet armature, it is possible to generate a larger attractive force (and repulsive force) than when the armature is made of a simple magnetic attractive material.
[0025]
5, 6, 7 and 8 are all partial perspective end views of various alternative configurations for the armature and stator design of the motor of the present invention. FIG. 5 shows a kind of hexagon in which armatures having a star-shaped cross section are arranged. Cavity A stator 204 having 208 is shown. Cavity The side walls of 208 and the armature 212 are formed so that the armature points or ribs 216 maintain continuous sliding contact with the side walls of the internal cavity as the armature rotates. As shown, the stator 204 and cavity 208 formed to make such continuous contact when the armature rotates are known as gyrators. Again, the armature 212 is a permanent magnet and the stator 204 is composed of a plurality of electromagnets 220 (winding, current source, etc. are not shown for simplicity of illustration, but these structures are shown in FIG. Can be the same).
[0026]
The configuration of FIG. 5 of the present invention can be used as a pump. When a fluid is introduced into the stator 204 at a position between the ribs 216 of the armature 212 and the armature rotates, the fluid is discharged from another position. Is done. For example, fluid can be introduced into the opening 224 when the armature 212 rotates and the rib 216a moves toward the opening. Next, when the rib 216 a rotates from the opening 224 toward the opening 228, the fluid is discharged from the inside of the stator 204.
[0027]
FIG. 6 shows a stator 234 that defines an internal cavity 238 having a square cross section. An armature 242 having a triangular cross section is disposed in the cavity 238. The stator 234 includes four electromagnets 246 around the cavity 238, and causes the armature to alternately attract and repel to rotate (roll) in the cavity. At the corner of the cavity 238, an armature position sensor pair 250, 254 that contacts when the armature moves in the cavity 238 is disposed. When the armature 242 comes into contact with each sensor pair, the circuit between the corresponding conductors 258 and 262 is closed, and this state is sensed by the position sensing circuit to provide information to the control unit, and as described above, from the commutator current source. Application of current to the electromagnet 246 is controlled.
[0028]
FIG. 7 shows another motor configuration of the present invention, in which a stator 304 defines a pentagonal cavity 306 and an armature 308 having a generally rectangular cross section is disposed therein for rolling. The stator 304 includes five electromagnets 312 that are circumferentially disposed about the cavity 306 and selectively stepped to move the armature 308 around the armature 308. As described for the embodiment of FIG. 6, an armature position sensor (not shown) may be provided between the electromagnets 312 to complete or close the circuit when the sensor contacts the armature corner.
[0029]
In the embodiment of the motor of the present invention shown in FIG. 8, a series of splines 332 and grooves 336 are formed on the inner wall of the inner cavity 324 formed by the stator 328 and extend vertically in the stator and on the side walls. Spacing is provided in the circumferential direction. An armature 340 is disposed within the stator cavity and includes a gear 344 extending longitudinally along the armature and spaced circumferentially, the tooth dimensions being fitted in the groove 336 and splined 332 is adapted to be received in the interdental space. As described above, when the electromagnet 348 is selectively excited, the armature 340 rolls within the stator cavity 324.
[0030]
In the motor embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 9, the stator 354 is formed by a plurality of elongated permanent magnets 358 that are generally parallel to each other and circumferentially disposed about the cavity 362. Extended end pieces 358a, 358b are formed in the electromagnet 358 and positioned adjacent to each other to define internal arcuate tracks 366,370. An elongated cylindrical armature 374 made of a ferromagnetic material is disposed in the cavity 362 so as to roll on the tracks 366 and 370. A wire coil 378 is spirally wound around the cavity 362 so as to release contact with the armature 374 when rolling on the tracks 366 and 370. The permanent magnets 358 are arranged so that adjacent end pieces 358a and 358b of different permanent magnets have different polarities. For example, in the end piece 358b, the uppermost permanent magnet shows N polarity, and the clockwise direction with respect to the stator, the next permanent magnet shows S polarity, and the S polarity continues again.
[0031]
The motor of FIG. 9 selectively supplies alternating alternating currents to continuously reverse the polarity of the armature 374 to continuously attract and repel different permanent magnets 358 to place the armature in the cavity 362. Operates with rolling. In the embodiment of FIG. 9, the armature is shown attracted toward the topmost permanent magnet 358. When the polarity of the armature 374 is switched, the armature is attracted clockwise toward the next permanent magnet and repelled by the topmost permanent magnet. Thus, the armature 374 rolls on the tracks 366 and 370 in the cavity 362 as described above.
[0032]
Although not shown, the armature 374 can be formed of a disk as shown in FIG. 4 that rolls on a special track formed in the cavity casing shown in FIG. Of course, this can suppress wear between the permanent magnet and the armature 374.
[0033]
The motor of FIG. 9 uses a simple commutator current source because only one wire coil 378 is required to switch polarities, ie, switch from one to the other and then back to the other. Of course, as with other embodiments of the present invention, using multiple electromagnets requires multiple coils and each coil must be selectively excited.
[0034]
FIG. 10 illustrates an electromagnetic eccentric motor having a hollow cylindrical armature 404 disposed within a stator cavity 408 formed by a plurality of electromagnets 416 disposed in a cylindrical direction. A solid cylindrical armature 420 having a diameter smaller than the inner diameter of the armature 404 is disposed in the hollow armature 404, and the armature. 420 Can roll in the armature 404. The armatures 404 and 420 are made of a magnetic attractive material, and when the electromagnet 416 is continuously excited, the armature 404 rolls in the cavity 408 of the stator 412 by the armatures 404 and 420, and the armature 420 is Rolls in the cavity of the child 404. Although the armatures 404 and 420 are attracted toward the same electromagnet when jointed, the armature 404 having a diameter larger than that of the armature 420 rolls at different angular velocities to provide two power sources having different torque and speed.
[0035]
The armature 404 is connected via a connecting shaft 424 to a use unit 428 that is driven by the rotation of the armature 404 and thus the rotation of the shaft 424. The shaft 424 can be connected directly to the armature 404 or can be connected to a crosspiece 432 that bridges the armature end (shown by a dotted line). As shown in FIG. 10, the armature 420 has a connecting shaft. 436 It is connected to the use unit 440 via.
[0036]
FIG. 11A and FIG. 11B shows an embodiment of a conductor coil that can utilize the electromagnet of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 11B (side sectional view), the coil is composed of a flat strip of a conductive material 504 that spirally extends around the core 508 of the electromagnet. Such a coil structure is compact and can carry a significant amount of current. The coil strip 504 includes an insulating coating that prevents shorting of the coil, and electrical access to the conductive strip is accomplished by simply making a square cut 512 to expose one end of the conductive strip from the insulator.
[0037]
FIGS. 12, 13, and 14 are partial perspective views of a motor configuration that attenuates or balances the lateral force generated by the eccentric motion of the motor armature. FIG. 12 shows a housing 520 in which four eccentric motors 524 are arranged at a corner. The electromagnet of the motor 524 is excited to move its armature symmetrically in opposite directions with respect to each diagonally opposed motor pair, effectively canceling the lateral force generated by the motor. For example, the armature of the motor 524 is shown at the position closest to the corner of the housing 520, from which the armature is moved to the position closest to the center of the housing, and then back again to the position closest to the corner. The lateral force generated by the armature can be canceled out.
[0038]
FIG. 13 shows another configuration for attenuating the lateral force generated in the eccentric motor manufactured according to the present invention. Again, a housing 540 is provided and the motor 544 is held within the housing 548 by a spring 548 or other suitable cushioning element. In this configuration, the lateral force generated by the operation of the motor 544 is not balanced and is simply damped by the spring 548. Elaborate shock absorbers such as those used in simple coil springs or vehicles can be used.
[0039]
FIG. 14 is a partial perspective view of another embodiment of a balanced configuration according to the present invention. A stator cavity 556 surrounded by a generally cylindrical casing 560 is shown. An electromagnet (not shown) is disposed circumferentially around the casing 560 and selectively attracts and / or repels the cylindrical armature 564 disposed within the casing. A balanced body is placed on each end of the armature 564, one of which is indicated by reference numeral 568, and the balanced body is pivotally mounted at a position that coincides with the rotating shaft 572 of the armature. Thus, the balancer can pivot or rotate about axis 572 as desired to achieve the desired balance of the armature. As illustrated, the balance body 568 extends from the axis of the rotating shaft 572 in the lateral direction of the armature 564 and reaches a position on the opposite side of the armature 564 of the casing 560. The balancer can have various shapes, but has an arcuate upper end that just fits within the casing 560 and any movement of the armature 564 causes the balancer to slide on the inner surface of the casing and away from the armature of the casing. Move in the direction to maintain the position. For example, when the armature 564 rolls counterclockwise, the balance body 568 also moves counterclockwise (because the balance body is set in that direction by the inner surface of the casing 560), and the armature 564 and balance body are moved to the casing. Keep on both sides. Thus, if the combined weight of the balanced bodies is substantially the same as the armature weight, the movement of the armature 564 is balanced and the lateral force is effectively canceled out.
[0040]
FIG. 15 is a partial cross-sectional perspective view of an actuator that converts the rotational movement of the cylindrical armature 604 into the translational movement of the two annular fixtures 608 and 612. The armature 604 includes screws 616, 620 at both ends, and the two sets of screws are of different sizes. A stator (not shown) is disposed around the armature 604 so that the armature 604 rolls on threaded tracks 624 and 628 formed on the inner walls of the annular fixtures 608 and 612, respectively. When the armature 604 rolls, the armature screws 616, 620 mesh with the screws 624, 628 of the annular fixtures 608, 612, respectively, and the annular fixture moves longitudinally relative to the armature, which is the direction of the meshing screw And the rolling direction of the armature.
[0041]
The annular fixture 612 is connected to a use unit 636 through which a rod can be inserted and removed via a connecting rod 632. In this way, rolling of the armature 604 is converted into translational movement of the annular fixtures 608, 612, and such translational movement can be used to power the use unit 636.
[0042]
16, FIG. 17, and FIG. 18 are front views of a stator structure that can be used in the motor of the present invention. Each stator structure includes an outer annular frame or ring 704 of ferromagnetic material. A plurality of struts 708 project radially inward from the ring 704 at circumferentially spaced positions, and an arc defining an arcuate surface region 716 at the inner end of each strut in the structure of FIGS. A portion 712 is formed that defines the interior of the generally circular ring path with the other arc portions. In the structure of FIG. 18, a right-angle corner portion 714 that defines a rectangular path 718 is formed at the inner end of the column 708. Generally, when the cylindrical magnetic attraction armature 720 is attracted as described above, it is arranged to roll on the path formed by the arcuate portion 712 of FIGS. In FIG. 18, an armature 722 having a triangular cross section is arranged to “flop” around a path 718 in a stepped manner.
[0043]
In FIG. 16, the magnetic force that attracts and / or repels the armature 720 is generated by providing a conductor winding at a position between each pair of adjacent struts 708 on the ring 704. In the embodiment of FIG. 16, there are four struts 708 and thus four windings 724. By selectively exciting the winding 724, the arcuate portion 712 can be magnetized to a polarity that attracts the armatures 720 alternately and rolls within the path defined by the arcuate portion. An example of polarity is shown in FIG. 16, where “S” represents the S pole and “N” represents the N pole.
[0044]
In FIG. 17, a different winding configuration is provided and the winding 724 can be wound around the post 708 to selectively change the magnetic poles of the arcuate portion 716.
[0045]
The ring 704 in FIG. 18 is wound in the same manner as in FIG. 16, and the polarity of the posts 708 and thus the corners 714 changes continuously so that the triangular armature 722 can “walk” continuously around the square path.
[0046]
19A and 19B, a plan view of a flexible coupling 804 and a side cross-sectional view of a magnetic eccentric motor using an inverted conical armature 808 are shown. That is, the armature 808 has a generally flat top surface 812 and a recessed conical bottom surface 816. The armature 808 is made of the ferromagnetic material described above for the armatures of other embodiments. The coupling 804 is made of a flexible material such as spring steel, and is formed in a disk shape having a plurality of partially circular openings 820 for increasing the flexibility of the material. Around the lower surface, a coupling 804 is attached to an upwardly protruding ridge 824 formed around the top surface 812 of the armature 808.
[0047]
The armature 808 has a concave conical top surface 830 and pivots or rotates on the top surface of a stator 828 that includes a cylindrical housing 831 in which four electromagnets 832A, 832B, 832C, 832D are disposed. Is arranged (see FIG. 19A). The electromagnet 832 is continuously excited and continuously attracts the armature 808 to rotate and rotate on the stator surface 830 in the circumferential direction. Each electromagnet 832 includes a core 836 (FIG. 19B) around which a coil 840 is wound to generate a magnetic force that attracts the armature 808 by receiving a current periodically. An iron end plate 844 that holds the core and the coil is disposed at the bottom of the casing 831.
[0048]
Drive shaft 848 is arranged to rotate within stator 828. A hub 852 is mounted around the shaft at the upper end of the shaft 848, and a flexible coupling 804 as shown in FIG. 19B is attached thereto. The shaft 848 is rotatably accommodated in an elongated bearing 856 disposed in the center of the stator 828. A retaining ring 860 is disposed surrounding the shaft 848 at the bottom of the stator housing 831 and in contact with the end plate 844.
[0049]
When the electromagnet 832 is continuously excited, the armature 808 is continuously attracted to the electromagnet and pivots and rolls on the stator 828 to carry the flexible coupling 804 together. The flexible coupling 804 is then coupled to the hub 852 and the hub and shaft 848 rotate with the armature rotation. The armature 808 rotates by a wobble operation adjusted by the flexible coupling 804, but the shaft 848 is held in the stator housing and rotates around the fixed shaft. In this way, the turning armature 808 drives the shaft 848 via the flexible coupling 804.
[0050]
The commutation of the motor of FIG. 19B is performed by an armature 808 that continuously contacts a leaf spring-like conductive contact element 864 circumferentially spaced around the stator housing 831 within the armature turning path. When the contact element 864 continuously contacts, current is supplied to the next electromagnet in the armature turning direction sequence, and the electromagnet generates the armature attractive force, causing the armature to turn in that direction, as will be described later.
[0051]
20A and 20B show another embodiment of the conical eccentric motor, and the stator 904 is also provided with four electromagnets 908A, 908B, 908C, and 908D (see FIG. 20B). An armature 912 having a generally flat top surface 916 and a convex conical bottom surface 920 is arranged to pivot and roll on a generally flat top plate 910 at the top of the stator housing 904. A cylindrical central axle 924 passes through the center of the armature 912 generally at a right angle. The lower end of the cylindrical axle 924 extends below the armature 912 and extends into an opening 928 formed in the upper plate 910 of the stator housing 904. A curved drive shaft 932 passes through the center of the axle 924 and then bends at the lower end of the axle to extend the center of the stator 904 downward. Drive shaft 932 is rotatable within axle 924 and is rotatably supported by bearings 936 and 940.
[0052]
As in the embodiment of FIGS. 19A and 19B, when the electromagnet 908 is continuously excited, the armature 920 is attracted toward it, and the armature performs a circular motion on the upper plate 910 to rotate and rotate. By such turning, the drive shaft 932 rotates (at the same speed as the turning speed of the armature). The armature 920 can be made of a ferromagnetic material, the upper plate 910 can be made of a nonmagnetic material such as brass or plastic, the axle 924 can be made of a material such as brass or plastic, and the drive shaft 932 can be made of a metal or alloy (acting as a bearing).
[0053]
Four contact clips 944 are arranged around the outside of the stator 904 at circumferential intervals, and the armature 920 Is contacted therewith (from a current source (not shown)) to continuously excite the next electromagnet and attract the armature to rotate and roll on the upper plate 910. Various other rectification configurations are described later.
[0054]
21A and 21B are a side sectional view and a partial perspective view of another embodiment of a magnetic eccentric motor using a conical armature 1004, respectively. Again, the armature 1004 generally includes a flat top surface 1008 and a convex conical bottom surface 1012, but a pivot ball receiver 1016 is formed at the apex of the conical surface. A pivot ball 1020 is formed in the upper surface of the top wall 1024 of the stator 1028. A ring gear 1032 surrounding the armature is formed around the conical surface 1012 of the armature 1004. The ring gear 1032 is formed so as to mesh with four partial ring gear segments 1036 spaced around the upper periphery of the stator 1028 and continuously roll on the mesh. As will be described later, a conductor ring 1040 for maintaining constant contact with the conical bottom surface 1012 of the armature 1004 when the armature turns and rotates on the stator is also disposed on the upper wall 1024 of the stator. The four electromagnets 1044 are arranged in the stator 1028 similarly to the above-described conical armature motor.
[0055]
A crank-shaped drive shaft 1048 is pivotally attached to the top surface 1008 of the armature 1004 at the lower end, and is generally vertically aligned and held by bearings 1052 and 1056 at the upper end.
[0056]
In operation, the electromagnet 1044 is continuously excited to attract the armature 1004 and pivot on the pivot ball 1016 to pivot and roll on the partial ring gear 1036. That is, when the corresponding electromagnet 1044 is excited, the ring gear 1032 sequentially contacts the partial ring gear 1036 and rolls thereon. When the armature 1004 rotates, the drive shaft 1048 rotates to obtain a desired driving force.
[0057]
The rectification of the electromagnet 1044 is performed by supplying current to the conductor ring 1040 and then sequentially supplying the partial ring gear 1036 in contact with the ring gear 1032 via the armature 1004 (which is always in rolling contact with the conductor ring). . Next, the partial ring gear 1036 supplies current to each electromagnet 1044 to excite and rotate the armature 1004.
[0058]
22A and 22B are a plan view and a side sectional view of the magnetic eccentric motor, respectively. Again, four electromagnets 1060A, 1060B, 1060C, and 1060D are provided in the casing 1062, and a conical rotor, that is, an armature 1064 is arranged on the top thereof so as to turn. Similar to the conical armature embodiment, a gear 1066 that meshes with a gear 1068 formed on the upper periphery of the housing 1062 is formed around the bottom of the armature 1064. A downwardly projecting ring 1070 is formed on the bottom surface of the armature 1064 and is received and swiveled in a cavity 1072 formed at the top of the housing 1062. The upper end of the drive shaft 1074 is pivotally attached to the armature 1064 and is rotatably held by bearings 1076 and 1078. Two configuration examples for connecting the drive shaft 1074 to the conical armature are shown in FIGS.
[0059]
FIG. 23 shows a conical armature 1080 connected to the drive shaft 1082. An elongated cavity 1084 is formed at the top of the armature 1080 and a central portion 1084A passes through the entire armature and receives the drive shaft 1082. A crosspiece 1086 is disposed within the lateral opening of the drive shaft 1082 and is received in the cavity 1084 to slip from the central portion 1084A while allowing the drive shaft to pivot about the crosspiece axis and an axis perpendicular thereto. To prevent. The cavity 1084 causes the drive shaft 1082 to pivot in such a direction that the drive shaft can remain in a substantially constant vertical position within the stator housing when the armature 1080 is swung over the stator housing. It is formed in a sufficient size.
[0060]
FIG. 24 shows another connection configuration of the U joint type between the armature 1090 and the drive shaft 1091. The drive shaft 1091 is fixed to a cross bar 1093 that is bridged in the diameter direction through the opening 1092 of the armature 1090 and pivotally attached to a ring 1094 that surrounds the armature. The cross bar 1093 is pivotally attached to pins 1095A and 1095B extending in both diametrical directions from the ring 1094, and the drive shaft 1091 can pivot with respect to the ring 1094. Next, the ring 1094 is pivotally attached to the armature 1090 on pins 1096A and 1096B extending in both diametrical directions from the armature. By pivoting ring 1094 to armature 1090, drive shaft 1091 can pivot about the axis defined by the linear axes of pins 1096A and 1096B as well as the axis defined by the linear axes of pins 1095A and 1095B. . Therefore, as described above, the drive shaft 1091 can be maintained generally vertical while the armature 1090 turns on the upper surface of the stator housing.
[0061]
FIG. 25 is a side sectional view of another conical armature magnetic motor according to the present invention. This embodiment is provided with a biconical armature 1104 (recessed conical top and bottom surfaces with gears) that pivots and rotates on a conical upper surface 1108 (with gears) of the stator 1112. Again, by sequentially energizing the electromagnets 1116, the armature 1104 pivots and rotates on the stator surface 1108 so that the conical top surface of the armature simultaneously contacts and rotates the conical gear 1120. The upper surface of the conical gear 1120 is connected to a drive shaft 1124 held at a fixed rotatable position by a bearing 1128, and the lower surface thereof is connected to another drive shaft 1132 held rotatably by a bearing 1136. The bearings 1128 and 1136 and the stator are accommodated in the housing 1140.
[0062]
FIG. 26 shows a gear connection configuration for connecting the armature 1204 (moving eccentrically on the track 1208 of the stator 1212) to the drive shaft 1216. The drive shaft 1216 is coupled to a coupling ring 1220 having a ring gear 1224 formed on the inner surface. The connection ring 1220 is arranged to rotate in a ring bearing 1228 arranged in the housing 1232 of the stator 1212. Meshing gears 1236 and 1240 are formed on the track 1208 of the armature 1204 and the disk 1244, respectively. Similarly, a ring gear 1248 is formed around a cylinder 1252 protruding forward and meshes with the ring gear 1224. When the armature 1204 moves on the track 1208 (not shown in FIG. 3 but by the electromagnet described above), the ring gear 1248 on the armature protruding cylinder 1252 meshes with the ring gear 1224 of the connecting ring 1220 to Drive to rotate the connecting ring. When the connecting ring 1220 rotates, the drive shaft 1216 rotates in a constant “non-orbit”. In this way, the eccentric motor of FIG. 26 drives the drive shaft 1216 via the unique gear coupling mechanism.
[0063]
FIGS. 27A and 27B show another eccentric motor connection configuration for connecting the eccentric rotating armature 1304 to the drive shaft 1308. The drive shaft 1308 is rotatably held at a fixed position by a bearing 1312 disposed in the housing 1316. The armature 1304 has a hollow hole 1320, and a rod 1324 having one end fixed to the center of a flexible disk 1328 attached to several peripheral points extends through the armature 1304. The other end of the rod 1324 is joined to the center of a flexible disk 1332 attached to the drive shaft 1308 at several points around the periphery. Disk 1332 and ring 1334 are joined by a plurality of circumferentially spaced rigid fingers 1336. The flexible disks 1328 and 1332 have the same configuration as the flexible coupling 804 in FIGS. 19A and 19B. As the armature 1304 rotates within the stator 1340, the disk 1328 rotates and the rod 1324 rotates. When the rod 1324 rotates, the disk 1332 rotates, and the coupling ring 1334 connected to the drive shaft 1308 rotates to drive the drive shaft 1308 as desired. Since the disks 1328 and 1332 are flexible, the rod 1324 rotates and processes with respect to the drive shaft 1308 to transmit the rotational force of the armature to the drive shaft via the rod.
[0064]
FIG. 28 is a cross-sectional side view of an eccentric motor with adjustable gear ratio. As described above, the truncated cone rotor 1404 is arranged so as to perform an eccentric rotational movement in the stator 1408. One end of the rotor 1404 is connected to a flexible drive shaft 1412 that is slidably and rotatably held by a bearing 1416.
[0065]
The drive shaft 1412 can move in the vertical direction (indicated by arrow 1420) to change the depth of the rotor 1404 in the stator 1408, thereby changing the rotational speed of the rotor. That is, when the drive shaft 1412 moves to the right in FIG. 28, the rotational speed of the rotor 1404 increases, and when the drive shaft 1412 moves to the left, the rotor 1404 further moves into the stator 1408 and the rotational speed decreases. . In this way, the gear ratio can be adjusted simply by moving the drive shaft 1412 in the vertical direction.
[0066]
FIG. 29 shows one commutation configuration of the eccentric motor of the present invention. In this embodiment, a current source 1504 is connected to a conductive track 1508 in which one end of an armature 1512 rolls. The current supplied to the track 1508 flows to the conductive armature 1512 and then sequentially flows to the track segment 1516 where the other end of the armature 1512 rolls. The current supplied to one of the track segments 1516 flows to each electromagnet 1520 and attracts the armature 1512 to the electromagnet to roll in the tracks 1508, 1516. When the armature 1512 comes into contact with one track segment even if it is not in contact with one track segment 1516, the next electromagnet is excited, attracting the armature in the direction of the electromagnet, and continuously rolling the armature. In this way, when the armature 1512 rolls, the electromagnet 1520 is automatically rectified.
[0067]
FIG. 30 shows a rectifying arrangement for bi-directional rotation of the rotor 1604 within the four conductive segments 1608 of the stator. An electromagnet 1612 is disposed adjacent to each segment 1608 to sequentially attract the rotor 1604 and rotate it within the stator. The electromagnet 1612 is sequentially excited in either direction by a current source 1616 that supplies current to the conductive rotor 1604, and then current is supplied to any stator segment 1608 that is currently in contact with the rotor. From this stator segment, current flows to an electromagnet 1612 adjacent to the stator segment 1608 on which the rotor 1604 rolls. For example, it is assumed that the rotor 1604 rolls counterclockwise and is in contact with the stator segment 1608a. In this position, current flows from the rotor 1604 through the stator segment 1608a and diode 1620 to the electromagnet 1612b. Accordingly, the electromagnet 1612b is excited to attract the rotor 1604 and continue its counterclockwise movement. For the clockwise movement of the rotor 1604, the polarity of the current source 1616 is simply changed.
[0068]
The connection between the current source 1616 and the rotor 1604 is performed by first connecting the current source to a conductive ring on which the rotor rolls, and maintaining contact in continuous operation. The current source can also be interconnected with the rotor by a stator segment.
[0069]
The above configuration is merely illustrative of the application of the principles of the present invention. Within the spirit and scope of the present invention Za Various modifications and changes are considered possible, and such modifications and changes are intended to be included in the scope of the claims.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an electromagnetic eccentric motor made in accordance with the principles of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a side sectional view of the motor of FIG.
FIG. 3 is a graph showing a continuous position of an armature that rolls in the stator when the electromagnets of the stator are excited variously. In A, the armature faces the end piece of the armature showing the S pole. In B, the armature is attracted toward the end pieces of the electromagnets 8c and 8d and repelled from the end piece of the electromagnet 8b. In C, the armature is repelled from the end pieces of the electromagnet 8c and the electromagnets 8d and 8a. The graph which shows being attracted | sucked by an end piece.
FIG. 4 is a perspective and cross-sectional view of another embodiment of a magnetic eccentric motor manufactured in accordance with the principles of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a partial perspective view of one configuration of an eccentric motor of the present invention that can be used as a pump.
FIG. 6 is a partial perspective view of a magnetic eccentric motor having a stator having a generally square cross section and an armature having a generally triangular cross section.
FIG. 7 is a partial perspective view of a magnetic eccentric motor having a stator with a pentagonal cross section and an armature with a square cross section.
FIG. 8 is a partial perspective view of a magnetic eccentric motor having a stator and an armature that form gear tracks and gear teeth, respectively.
FIG. 9 is a perspective and cross-sectional view of another embodiment of a magnetic eccentric motor manufactured in accordance with the principles of the present invention in which the armature is formed as an electromagnet.
FIG. 10 is a partial perspective view of another embodiment of a magnetic eccentric motor using two armatures, one disposed within the other cavity.
11A is a perspective view and FIG. 11B is a side sectional view of an electromagnet wound with a fine conductor manufactured according to the principle of the present invention.
FIG. 12 is a partial perspective view of a magnetic eccentric motor using four stators and four armatures for balancing lateral forces generated during operation of the motor.
FIG. 13 is a partial cross-sectional perspective view of a magnetic eccentric motion motor in which a braking element connects a stator of a motor to a motor housing and brakes a lateral force generated by the operation of the motor.
FIG. 14 is a perspective cross-sectional view of a magnetic eccentric motor including a balancing element attached to the armature to balance the lateral force generated by the operation of the motor.
FIG. 15 is a partial cross-sectional, perspective side view of a magnetic eccentric motor that converts rotational motion into translational motion.
FIG. 16 is a front view of another embodiment of an electromagnet suitable for use as a stator of a magnetic eccentric motor of the present invention.
17 is a front view of the electromagnet shown in FIG. 16 in which an electromagnet coil is wound around different parts of the structure.
18 is a front view of an electromagnet configured similar to the electromagnet of FIGS. 16 and 17 having an essentially square rotor path. FIG.
FIG. 19A is a plan view of a flexible coupling, and B is a side sectional view of a magnetic eccentric motor using an inverted conical rotor.
20A is a side sectional view, and B is a plan view of another embodiment of a magnetic eccentric motor using a conical rotor. FIG.
21A is a side sectional view and FIG. 21B is a partial plan perspective view of another embodiment of a conical rotor magnetic eccentric motor.
22A is a plan view and FIG. 22B is a side sectional view of one embodiment of a conical rotor magnetic eccentric motor.
FIG. 23 is a perspective view of a coupling between a conical rotor and a rotor drive shaft of an eccentric motor.
FIG. 24 is a perspective view of another embodiment of the coupling between the conical rotor and the rotor drive shaft of the eccentric motor.
FIG. 25 is a side sectional view of another embodiment of a conical magnetic eccentric motor with a non-wobble shaft configuration.
FIG. 26 is a cross-sectional side view of a magnetic eccentric motor gear coupling manufactured in accordance with the principles of the present invention.
27A is a side sectional view and B is an end view of a flexible coupling mechanism used in the magnetic eccentric motor of the present invention. FIG.
FIG. 28 is a sectional side view of a magnetic eccentric motor having an adjustable gear ratio.
FIG. 29 is a perspective side sectional view of a magnetic eccentric motor having one embodiment of a rectifying configuration.
FIG. 30 is a plan view of a magnetic eccentric motor having another embodiment of a rectifying configuration.
[Explanation of symbols]
4 Stator
8a electromagnet
8b electromagnet
8c electromagnet
8d electromagnet
12 Endpiece
16 End piece
20 core rod
24 electric wire
28 Commutator current source
32 Control unit
36 Surface area
40 Armature
44 Position sensor circuit
48 conductors
52 sensing segments
56 axes
60 units used
104 Housing
108 tracks
112 tracks
116 discs
120 disks
124 Armature
128 ribs
132 Ribs
136 Electromagnet
140 Endpiece
144 End piece
148 core
152 wire coil
204 Stator
208 Cavity
212 Armature
216 ribs
216a rib
220 electromagnet
224 opening
228 opening
234 Stator
238 Cavity
242 Armature
246 Electromagnet
250 Armature position sensor
254 Armature position sensor
258 conductor
260 conductors
304 Stator
306 Cavity
308 Armature
312 electromagnet
324 Cavity
328 Stator
332 spline
336 groove
340 Armature
344 gear
348 Electromagnet
354 stator
358 Permanent magnet
358a End piece
358b end piece
362 Cavity
366 arc track
370 arc track
374 Armature
378 wire coil
404 Armature
408 Cavity
412 Armature
416 electromagnet
420 Armature
424 axes
428 Units used
432 Crosspiece
440 units used
504 Coil strip
508 core
512 square cut
520 body
524 Eccentric motor
540 body
544 motor
548 Spring
556 Cavity
560 casing
564 Armature
568 equilibrium
572 axis of rotation
604 Armature
608 Annular fitting
612 Ring fitting
616 screw
620 screw
624 tracks
628 tracks
632 Connecting rod
636 units used
704 ring
708 prop
712 Arc part
714 Corner
716 Arc surface area
718 path
720 Armature
722 Armature
724 winding
804 Flexible coupling
808 Inverted conical armature
812 Top surface
816 Bottom
820 circular opening
824 Ridge
828 stator
830 Conical top surface
831 Cylindrical housing
832 electromagnet
832a electromagnet
832b electromagnet
832c electromagnet
836 core
840 coil
844 End plate
848 Drive shaft
852 hub
856 Bearing
860 retaining ring
864 conductive contact elements
904 Stator
908a electromagnet
908b electromagnet
908c electromagnet
908d electromagnet
910 Upper plate
912 Armature
916 Flat top surface
920 Armature
924 Axle
928 opening
932 Drive shaft
936 Bearing
940 Bearing
944 Contact clip
1004 Conical armature
1008 Top surface
1012 Bottom
1016 Pivoting ball
1020 Pivoting ball
1024 top wall
1028 Stator
1032 ring gear
1036 Ring gear segment
1040 Conductive ring
1044 electromagnet
1048 Drive shaft
1052 Bearing
1056 Bearing
1060A electromagnet
1060B electromagnet
1060C electromagnet
1060D electromagnet
1062
1064 armature
1066 gear
1068 gear
1070 ring
1072 Cavity
1074 Drive shaft
1076 Bearing
1078 Bearing
1080 Armature
1082 Drive shaft
1084 cavity
1084A center
1086 crosspiece
1090 Armature
1091 Drive shaft
1092 opening
1093 crossbar
1094 ring
1095A pin
1095B pin
1096A pin
1096B pin
1104 Bicone armature
1108 Top surface
1112 Stator
1116 Electromagnet
1120 Conical gear
1124 Drive shaft
1128 Bearing
1132 Drive shaft
1136 Bearing
1140 housing
1204 Armature
1208 tracks
1212 Stator
1216 Drive shaft
1220 Connecting ring
1224 ring gear
1228 Ring bearing
1232 body
1236 Gear
1240 Gear
1244 disc
1248 Ring gear
1252 cylinder
1304 Eccentric rotating armature
1308 Drive shaft
1312 Bearing
1316 enclosure
1320 Hollow hole
1324 Rod
1328 Flexible disk
1332 Flexible disk
1334 ring
1336 Finger
1404 frustoconical rotor
1408 Stator
1412 Flexible drive shaft
1416 Bearing
1504 current source
1508 tracks
1512 Armature
1516 track segment
1520 electromagnet
1604 rotor
1608 Conductive segment
1068a Stator segment
1612 electromagnet
1612b electromagnet
1616 current source
1620 diode

Claims (7)

A plurality of electromagnets arranged in an array around a closed space, wherein one of the magnetic poles of each electromagnet is arranged in series with the other, and the one of the magnetic poles defines a closed path; ,
Means for defining a pair of tracks and a pair of ridges disposed on an inner surface of the plurality of electromagnets forming the closed path and extending with an extent associated with the closed path;
A permanent magnet arranged to roll across a closed path when one magnetic pole is attracted and / or repelled, and rolls within each of the bar and the pair of tracks The pair of ridges act on the disk so that the permanent magnet rolls facing the closed path so that the permanent magnet does not move in the axial direction of the bar. Said permanent magnet,
Excitation means for selectively exciting an electromagnet to attract and / or repel a permanent magnet, wherein one magnetic pole of the electromagnet alternately attracts and repels the permanent magnet The excitation means having means for exciting the electromagnet to roll along
Eccentric motor with   2. The motor according to claim 1, wherein the one magnetic pole of the electromagnet defines a closed curved path, and the permanent magnet has a generally cylindrical outer surface that rolls along the path. An eccentric motor.   3. The motor of claim 2, wherein the closed path is generally circular and the circumference is greater than the circumference of the cylindrical outer surface of the permanent magnet.   2. The motor according to claim 1, wherein said excitation means excites an electromagnet, and one of its magnetic poles sequentially becomes a mode of attraction, zero, repulsion, zero, attraction, etc., and causes the permanent magnet to roll along the path. Including eccentric motor. A stator that includes a pair of tracks that define a closed continuous surface path and that are spaced apart to surround each of the ends of an elongated generally cylindrical bar, said tracks being said fixed The stator having a ridge formed on the inner surface of the child; and
A cylindrical bar having a permanent magnet arranged to roll against the closed surface path of the stator and having a magnetic pole arranged to roll in the path of the stator; A pair of discs mounted on the cylindrical bar or each end thereof so that the armature rolls in contact with the track while being attracted and / or repelled by an electromagnet The armature that prevents the armature from moving in the axial direction by causing the disk to act on the ridge;
An electromagnetic element disposed on the stator at the closed surface and capable of continuously exciting the armature so as to attract and / or repel the armature against the closed surface path and roll The electromagnetic element comprising a continuous current receiving electromagnet arranged along the path and spaced apart in parallel to the stator to align the magnetic poles;
Means for continuously exciting the electromagnetic element, the means having commutator means for continuously supplying current to the electromagnet;
Means for coupling the armature to a utilization mechanism;
Eccentric motor for use mechanism drive equipped with Eccentric motors according to claims 1, 2, 3, and 4, which are arranged at corners of a virtual square,
Means for coupling the first, second, third and fourth armatures to a utilization mechanism;
With
Each said permanent magnet can be continuously excited so as to be attracted and / or repelled alternately, so that each pair of said permanent magnets facing each other in a diagonal direction is symmetrically opposite to each other and said each closed surface path An eccentric motion motor for driving the utilization mechanism that cancels lateral force generated by the movement of each permanent magnet by rolling along the axis. A stator defining a pair of closed, continuous surface tracks spaced generally around the stator cavity and arranged in parallel and forming a pair of ridges on the inner surface of the stator cavity;
A plurality of electromagnetic elements arranged in an array around the stator cavity;
It has an elongated bar of ferromagnetic material and a pair of discs mounted at spaced positions on the bar and is placed in the stator cavity, and contacts and rolls on each track of the stator. An armature configured to move and not to move along the central axis by the pair of ridges;
Excitation means for selectively exciting the electromagnetic element to continuously attract the armature and rolling the armature around the stator cavity on the track;
Equipped with an eccentric motor.

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