JP3671926B2 - Electronic musical instruments - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an electronic musical instrument, and more particularly to an electronic musical instrument that can control musical sounds according to key operations on a keyboard of the electronic musical instrument.
[0002]
[Prior art]
The natural musical instrument piano changes the musical tone generated according to the key press speed. In an electronic musical instrument, each key is provided with a transfer switch or a bowl-shaped two-make switch in order to detect a key pressing speed.
[0003]
Since a conventional keyboard having a transfer switch and a two-make switch detects only the average speed while passing two points, the key pressing speed is detected as the same even if the performance technique is changed. Therefore, in the prior art, the difference in performance technique cannot be reflected in the musical tone. In addition, a method of detecting a performance technique using the information of initial touch and aftertouch is also conceivable. However, waiting for the aftertouch causes a delay in the sound generation, which is not preferable for a keyboard instrument. .
[0004]
In order to realize finer control, a full-stroke sensing keyboard for detecting a key stroke position is proposed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open Nos. Hei 2-214897 and Hei 3-67299. These detect the key position of the whole process in the key pressing operation.
[0005]
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2-146596 has proposed an electronic keyboard instrument that controls musical sounds using the previous key press data and the previous aftertouch information.
[0006]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In conventional electronic keyboard instruments, it is difficult to change the musical tone by a performance technique such as staccato or tenuto. Moreover, it is difficult to detect a key pressing operation and generate a musical sound signal reflecting the key pressing operation in real time.
[0007]
An object of the present invention is to provide an electronic keyboard instrument that can control musical sounds in accordance with the playing method of the keyboard instrument.
[0008]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
According to one aspect of the present invention, an electronic musical instrument is provided corresponding to each key of a support member, a plurality of keys provided to be swingable with respect to the support member, and the plurality of keys, A mass body whose relative position with respect to the support member is displaced according to the movement of each key; and a key operation detection unit that is provided corresponding to each key of the plurality of keys and detects a key operation of each key; A musical tone signal generating means for generating a musical tone signal based on the detected key operation, and position information representing a relative position of the mass body driven according to the movement of the operated key with respect to the support member are detected many times, Based on the position information detected a number of times, a rendition style detecting means for detecting a rendition style related to the key pressing operation of the operated key, and a musical tone control according to the rendition style detected by the rendition style detection means for the musical tone generation means Musical tone control means.
According to another aspect of the present invention, an electronic musical instrument is provided so as to be swingable with respect to a support member having a key joint portion and a mass body support portion, and the key joint portion as a rotation axis. A plurality of keys each having a mass body joint, and a mass body joint provided on the key corresponding to each key of the plurality of keys. A mass body whose relative position with respect to the support member is displaced with the mass body support portion as a fulcrum according to the movement of the key, and corresponding to each key of the plurality of keys, and detects a key operation of each key. Position information representing a relative position of the mass body, which is displaced according to the movement of the operated key, with respect to the support member, a key operation detecting unit, a tone signal generating unit that generates a tone signal based on the detected key operation Is detected many times and based on the position information detected many times. The has a rendition style detection means for detecting the rendition style according to the operated key keystroke, and a musical tone control means for performing tone control of the rendition style detection means corresponding to the rendition style that is detected for the musical tone generating means.
[0009]
[Action]
A rendition style can be detected by detecting the relative position of a key that changes over time according to the key operation and calculating the degree of nonlinearity. Thereby, the musical sound according to the difference of the detected performance style can be produced | generated.
[0010]
Further, since the mass pair is indirectly operated with respect to the performance of the performer via the keyboard, the position information of the mass body (nonlinearity of the position information) varies greatly depending on the playing style. Therefore, the position information of the mass body is detected, and the musical performance is controlled by discriminating the performance method based on the position information. Therefore, it is possible to perform fine musical tone control according to the difference in the way of being angry.
[0011]
Here, the mechanism of where the nonlinearity is born will be described below. As will be apparent from the examples and experimental data, even when the key pressing speed (the average speed passing through two predetermined points in the middle of the keystroke) is the same, the force transmitted from the finger to the key at the moment when the key is started to be depressed. Larger (strongly pressed key) results in a non-linear output. (1) The key is a rigid body, but the key is slightly depressed when pressed (2) Rotation between the key and the support member The support portion is uneven when viewed microscopically, and a lubricant (grease) is applied so as to fill the unevenness. (3) In the embodiment, the mass body moves in conjunction with the key, but the mass drive unit of the key does not apply force to the driven part of the mass. (4) The gray scale used for the keystroke detection sensor is in the form of a film having a thickness of about 0.3 mm when the transmission is performed, especially when the key is pressed hard. It is considered that a non-linear output can be obtained by complicatedly intertwining one or a plurality of elements among the above four elements due to the addition of air resistance or the like to the gray scale with the movement of.
[0012]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
FIG. 1 shows a system configuration example of an electronic keyboard instrument. The keyboard has 88 keys, and each key is provided with stroke sensors S1 to S88. When the performer performs operations such as pressing and releasing keys on the respective keys, the stroke sensors S1 to S88 detect the stroke positions of the keys. The detected stroke position is converted into digital signals SD1 to SD88 by the A / D converters AD1 to AD88 and supplied to the multiplexer 2. The key switch 1 also supplies the multiplexer 2 with information related to key operations such as pitch information, key pressing speed, and key pressing pressure. The multiplexer 2 supplies the input information to the bus 3 as necessary.
[0013]
On the panel of the electronic musical instrument, there is also provided a panel switch for giving instructions for volume adjustment, tone color selection, various effects, modulation, and the like. When the performer operates the panel switch, the information is also supplied to the multiplexer 2.
[0014]
The microcomputer 4 has a CPU 5, a ROM 6 and a RAM 7. The ROM 6 stores a calculation program. The CPU 5 performs various arithmetic processes using a working memory such as a register or a buffer memory provided in the RAM 7 in accordance with the arithmetic program. The microcomputer 4 receives key operation information from the multiplexer 2 via the bus 3 and outputs a musical tone parameter to the sound source 8.
[0015]
When a key on the keyboard is pressed, the first contact is first turned on in the key switch 1 and then the second contact is turned on. Thereafter, when the key is released, the second contact and the first contact are turned off in this order. The microcomputer 4 detects a reciprocal of the time from the first contact ON to the second contact ON as a velocity signal, and determines basic musical tone signal parameters.
[0016]
The sound source 8 forms and outputs a tone signal necessary for sound generation based on the tone parameter supplied from the microcomputer 4. The output musical sound signal is amplified by the amplifier 11 and produced from the speaker 12.
[0017]
The microcomputer 4 detects the movement of the key based on the signal from the stroke sensor, and determines a performance method such as staccato or tenuto. Here, tenuto is a performance technique in which the length represented by a note is kept sufficiently, and staccato is a performance technique in which sounds are clearly separated and played. The tenuto playing method is a method in which the key is pushed down with the finger in contact with the key, and the force transmitted from the finger at the moment when the key is pushed down is relatively small. On the other hand, in the staccato playing method, the key is pushed down from the state where the finger is released from the key, and the force transmitted from the finger to the key at a moment when the key is started to be pushed down is relatively large.
[0018]
In the table ROM 9, control amounts of musical sounds such as volume, tone color, and effects are preset according to the type of performance. The microcomputer 4 detects the playing style according to the movement of the key, reads the control amount of the musical sound from the table ROM 9 and outputs it to the sound source 8 and the amplifier 11. In the sound source 8, the tone signal formation based on the signal from the key switch 1 is modified by a signal reflecting the performance style supplied from the table ROM 9.
[0019]
The table ROM 9 controls the tone color and the effect by supplying the tone control amount to the sound source 8. The table ROM 9 supplies a volume control amount to the D / A converter 10 and controls the amplification factor of the amplifier 11 to change the volume of sound produced from the speaker 12.
[0020]
FIG. 2 shows an example of the tone control amount set in the table ROM. A table for controlling the volume is shown as an example of musical tone control. This volume control parameter is supplied to the amplifier 11 via the D / A converter 10. The horizontal axis of the table shows the speed data VEL. The vertical axis of the table indicates the playing style, and a larger value represents a staccato playing style, and a smaller value represents a tenuto playing style.
[0021]
The speed data VEL is detected as a reciprocal of a time difference from when the first contact is turned on to when the second contact is turned on by pressing the key. The speed data in the table corresponds to the strength of the sound and has a range from meso-piano (mp) where the speed data is small to fortissimo (fff) where the speed data is large.
[0022]
Even if the speed data obtained by pressing the key is the same, if the performance style is different, the volume of sound produced is finely controlled. For example, a control amount is set in the table such that the volume increases when the playing style is staccato and the volume decreases when the playing style is tenuto. This volume control parameter is read from the table ROM 9 and given to the amplifier 11 for volume control.
[0023]
The table ROM 9 stores various tables such as tone color control in addition to the volume control parameter table. These tables are, for example, an envelope waveform coefficient table and a tone color parameter coefficient table for the velocity data VEL on the horizontal axis and the performance method on the vertical axis. These coefficients are for controlling the parameters of the tone generator circuit 8.
[0024]
FIG. 3 shows an envelope waveform whose volume is controlled by the difference in performance style. The envelope waveform of the musical sound controlled by the amplifier 11 is changed by the performance method. If the performance method is staccato, the entire envelope waveform is enlarged, and if it is tenuto, the entire envelope waveform is reduced. As a result, a large volume is output in the staccato playing method, and a small volume is output in the tenuto playing method.
[0025]
FIG. 4 shows an envelope waveform for controlling the rising shape due to the difference in performance style. The rising shape of the envelope waveform generated in the tone generator circuit 8 is controlled by the performance method. If the rendition style is staccato, control is performed such that the rising shape of the envelope waveform is steep, and if it is tenuto, the rising shape of the envelope waveform is made gentle. As a result, a musical sound with a sharp rise is output in the staccato playing method, and a musical sound with a slow rising is output in the tenuto playing method.
[0026]
FIG. 5 shows a characteristic example of a filter whose tone color is controlled by a difference in performance style. By changing the coefficient of the cutoff frequency of the digital filter provided in the tone generator circuit 8, the tone color to be generated can be changed.
[0027]
FIG. 5A shows an example of characteristics of a low-pass filter (LPF). The horizontal axis indicates the frequency, and the vertical axis indicates the rate at which the signal passes (transmittance). With the cut-off frequency as a boundary, only the signal in the low frequency region is allowed to pass, and the signal in the high frequency region is cut off.
[0028]
FIG. 5B shows an example of the characteristics of the bandpass filter (BPF). The horizontal axis indicates the frequency, and the vertical axis indicates the rate at which the signal passes (transmittance). It has two cut-off frequencies and passes a signal in a frequency band between the two cut-off frequencies.
[0029]
FIG. 5C shows an example of the characteristics of a high pass filter (HPF). The horizontal axis indicates the frequency, and the vertical axis indicates the rate at which the signal passes (transmittance). With the cut-off frequency as a boundary, only the signal in the high frequency region is allowed to pass, and the signal in the low frequency region is not allowed to pass.
[0030]
Each of the three types of filters shown in FIGS. 5A, 5B, and 5C has a round tone when the cut-off frequency is set low, and a bright tone when the cut-off frequency is set high. Therefore, control is performed such that a round tone is used in the tenuto playing method and a bright tone is used in the staccato playing method.
[0031]
FIG. 6 shows the change of the stroke position by the tenuto playing method with small velocity data VEL. The tenuto performance method with velocity data VEL = 38 (hexadecimal number) is a performance method by weak key touch because the velocity data is small. The graph in the figure shows the key stroke position over time. As time elapses, the stroke position is convex downward and shows a smooth change. According to Newton's law, when a constant force is applied to a mass point, the velocity increases linearly with time and the position changes in a quadratic function. There is resistance in the movement of the key, but the downward convex displacement makes it possible to guess that a relatively stable force continues to act on the key.
[0032]
FIG. 7 shows a change in stroke position by a staccato playing method with a small velocity data VEL. Similarly to FIG. 6A, the stroke position of the key with respect to the passage of time by the staccato playing method of the speed data VEL = 38 (hexadecimal number) is shown. The stroke position initially projects downward and smoothly changes with time, but the stroke position changes linearly after a predetermined time. Such a change infers that the force acting on the key decreases for some reason.
[0033]
Each of the performance methods shown in FIGS. 6 and 7 is a graph of performance methods by weak key touch. Comparing tenuto and staccato playing techniques, although the key touch is too weak, a slight difference is seen, but not so much. However, as shown below, if each performance method is performed by a key touch having a certain strength, a remarkable difference appears.
[0034]
FIG. 8 shows a change in stroke position due to a tenuto playing method with a large velocity data VEL. The tenuto performance method with velocity data VEL = 50 (hexadecimal number) is a performance method by key touch stronger than the tenuto performance method of FIG. 6 because the velocity data is large. The graph in the figure shows the key stroke position over time. The change in the stroke position is also convex downward with respect to the passage of time and shows a smooth change, but the stroke position changes faster than in the case of the weak key touch in FIG. The acting force will increase and the rate of increase in speed will increase.
[0035]
FIG. 9 shows the change of the stroke position by the staccato playing method with the large velocity data VEL. Similarly to FIG. 8, the stroke position of the key with respect to the passage of time by the staccato playing method of the speed data VEL = 50 (hexadecimal number) is shown. In the staccato playing method, the inclination of the stroke position changes greatly in the middle of the key depression, indicating a complicated change. In the illustrated curve, a convex change is shown in the upward direction in the region of 0 to 5 ms, and thereafter the convex change is shown in the downward direction. It is considered that a stable force does not act on the key in the region showing the upward convex change. Some reaction force may be acting with the start of exercise.
[0036]
The reason why the stroke position of the staccato performance shows a non-linear and complicated change compared to the tenuto performance is considered to be influenced by the following. First, when a key is pressed, the fingertip of the performer and the key come into contact with each other, and a component acting by a mechanism by the dent and recovery of the contact portion of the fingertip can be considered. In addition, a slight key deflection that occurs when the key is pressed, felt at the fulcrum part of the key, an energy storage part such as rubber, a buffer part at the driving point of the key and the hammer, and the like can be considered.
[0037]
In the change of the stroke position shown in the graph, the staccato playing method has a characteristic that the curve bending degree is large or the curve bending change is large compared to the tenuto playing method. The procedure for detecting the difference between the staccato playing method and the tenuto playing method by extracting this feature will be described with reference to the following flowchart.
[0038]
FIG. 10 is a flowchart showing a timer interrupt process. The CPU that performs a series of processing performs the following timer interrupt processing in response to an interrupt signal TINT generated at a constant time interval of about 1 to 10 μs.
[0039]
First, in step FT1, the time counter t is incremented. The time counter t is a time counter register that is incremented each time the interrupt signal TINT is generated.
[0040]
In step FT2, it is checked whether or not the time counter t has reached a predetermined value tmax. The predetermined value tmax indicates the maximum value counted by the time counter t and is not counted beyond this value. For example, tmax is set to about 1 million.
[0041]
If the time counter t has reached the predetermined value tmax, the process proceeds to step FT3, the time counter t is reset to 0, and counting is restarted from 0 next time. Thereafter, the processing before interruption is resumed. On the other hand, if the time counter t has not reached the predetermined value tmax, step FT3 is bypassed and the process before the interruption is resumed.
[0042]
FIG. 11 is a flowchart showing a main routine processed by the CPU. For example, the CPU takes about 0.1 μs to execute one step of an instruction. First, in step FM1, the registers are initialized. 0 is set in the register K in which the counter value is stored.
[0043]
In step FM2, it is checked whether or not the register K is a predetermined value D. The predetermined value D is, for example, about 3. If the register K is not the predetermined value D, the following processing is bypassed, the process proceeds to step FM5, 1 is stored in the register i, and the process proceeds to step FM6. On the other hand, if the register K is the predetermined value D, the process proceeds to step FM3. That is, step FM3 is executed once for every count D.
[0044]
In step FM3, 1 is stored in the register i. The register i stores the number of the key to be processed among the 88 keys on the keyboard. Thereafter, the process proceeds to Step FM4.
[0045]
In step FM4, the key stroke position on the keyboard is detected. That is, in step FM2, the register K is compared, and the stroke position is detected at a frequency corresponding to the predetermined value D. The detection processing interval is preferably about 1 ms.
[0046]
First, the stroke sensor Si corresponding to the i-th key is detected, and the stroke position SDi converted into a digital signal is stored in the register AMP (i). Then, the value of the time counter t is stored in the register T (i), and the value of the register TMSUM (i) is increased by the register TM (i). The register TM (i) is set to 0 in the initial setting.
[0047]
Thereafter, a value obtained by subtracting the register T ′ (i) from the register T (i) is stored in the register TM (i). The register T ′ (i) indicates the time when the previous stroke position is detected. In other words, the register TM (i) stores the interval time for detecting the stroke position.
[0048]
Next, rendition style data DMAX (i) representing the type of rendition style is obtained by performing processing of a calculation flow described later. Then, the stroke position register AMP (i) is cleared to 0, and the value of the register T (i) indicating the current time is stored in the register T ′ (i). Then, the process proceeds to Step FM6.
[0049]
In step FM6, a process for sending a key-on signal or a key-off signal to the tone generation circuit (sound source) and a process for setting a tone parameter according to the calculated performance data DMAX (i) and sending it to the tone generation circuit (sound source) I do. . Details will be described later. Thereafter, the register i is incremented, and the process proceeds to Step FM7.
[0050]
In step FM7, it is checked whether or not the value of the register i is larger than 88. If the register i is not larger than 88, the process for all the 88 keys on the keyboard has not been completed, and the process proceeds to step FM8 to check whether or not the register K is the predetermined value D. If the register K is the predetermined value D, the process returns to step FM4 and the stroke position detection process is repeated for the next key. On the other hand, if the register K is not the predetermined value D in step FM8, the process returns to step FM6 and repeats processing such as sending a key-on signal or key-off signal for the next key.
[0051]
In step FM7, if the register i is larger than 88, this means that the processing for all the 88 keys on the keyboard has been completed, so the process proceeds to step FM9 and the register K is incremented.
[0052]
In step FM10, it is checked whether or not the register K is a predetermined value D + 1. If the register K is the predetermined value D + 1, the process proceeds to step FM11, the register K is cleared to 0, and the process proceeds to step FM12. On the other hand, if the register K is not the predetermined value D + 1, the process proceeds to step FM12. That is, the register K repeats the count every D.
[0053]
In step FM12, a parameter setting process is performed according to the operation of the key switch, and musical tone control such as tone color and effect is performed. Further, other processes necessary for performance such as the end process of the main routine are performed, and the process returns to step FM2 to repeat the process.
[0054]
FIG. 12 is a flowchart showing a calculation flow process in step FM4 of the main routine of FIG. In step FK1, registers AMP1 (i) to AMP8 (i) are registers for storing stroke positions, and indicate older stroke positions as the number increases from AMP1 (i) to AMP8 (i).
[0055]
Registers Vel1 (i) to Vel8 (i) are registers for storing the change speed of the stroke position. The larger the number from Vel1 (i) to Vel8 (i), the earlier the change speed of the stroke position is. Show.
[0056]
The eight registers Vel1 (i) to Vel8 (i) and the registers AMP1 (i) to AMP8 (i) each function as a shift register. In the initial setting, each register is cleared to zero. The value of the register Vel7 (i) is saved in the register Vel8 (i), and the value of the register AMP7 (i) is saved in the register AMP8 (i). By performing such shift register processing for seven sets, the value stored in each register is shifted from Vel1 (i) to Vel8 (i) or from AMP1 (i) to AMP8 (i). . The following values are stored in each register.
[0057]
[Expression 1]
Vel8 (i) ← Vel7 (i)
AMP8 (i) <-AMP7 (i)
Vel7 (i) ← Vel6 (i)
AMP7 (i) <-AMP6 (i)
Vel6 (i) ← Vel5 (i)
AMP6 (i) <-AMP5 (i)
Vel5 (i) ← Vel4 (i)
AMP5 (i) <-AMP4 (i)
Vel4 (i) ← Vel3 (i)
AMP4 (i) <-AMP3 (i)
Vel3 (i) ← Vel2 (i)
AMP3 (i) <-AMP2 (i)
Vel2 (i) ← Vel1 (i)
AMP2 (i) <-AMP1 (i)
The register Vel1 (i) stores speed data of the following equation indicating the most recently obtained stroke position and the change in the previous stroke position.
[0058]
[Expression 2]
Vel1 (i) ← {AMP (i) −AMP1 (i)} / TM (i)
... (2)
Here, the register AMP (i) is the latest stroke position, and the register AMP1 (i) is the previous stroke position. The register TM (i) indicates the interval time for detecting the stroke position.
[0059]
Thereafter, the value of the register AMP (i) indicating the current stroke position is stored in the register AMP1 (i). In step FK2, it is checked whether or not the value of the register AMP8 (i) is larger than a predetermined value. The predetermined value indicates a noise level. If a value larger than the noise level is stored in the register AMP8 (i), it indicates that the register has been sequentially shifted from the register AMP1 (i).
[0060]
If the register AMP8 (i) is not larger than the predetermined value, it indicates that no more than seven stroke position data are still input to the registers AMP1 (i) to AMP8 (i), so the process proceeds to the processing terminal A. FIG. Return to the main routine processing. On the other hand, if the register AMP8 (i) is larger than the predetermined value, it indicates that eight pieces of data have been input to the registers AMP1 (i) to AMP8 (i), so the process proceeds to step FK3.
[0061]
In step FK3, registers VelAve1 (i) to VelAven (i) are registers for storing the average speed of registers Vel1 (i) to Vel8 (i) indicating the speed of the stroke.
[0062]
Registers VelAve1 (i) to VelAven (i) having a predetermined value n serve as shift registers, and each register is cleared to 0 in the initial setting. In order to perform shift register processing for n sets, the following processing is performed.
[0063]
[Equation 3]
VelAven (i) ← VelAven-1 (i)
VelAven-1 (i) <-VelAven-2 (i)
: VelAve1 (i) <-VelAve (i)
Then, the average speed of the eight speeds Vel1 (i) to Vel8 (i) is obtained by the following calculation and stored in the register VelAve (i).
[0064]
[Expression 4]
VelAve (i) ← {Vel1 (i) + Vel2 (i) + Vel3 (i) + Vel4 (i) + Vel5 (i) + Vel6 (i) + Vel7 (i) + Vel8 (i)} / 8 (4)
In step FK4, the eight registers AMP1 (i) to AMP8 (i) are reset to 0, and the register FSET (i) is incremented. The register FSET (i) is a register indicating that the stroke position is being detected, and the detection ends when the count of the register FSET (i) reaches a predetermined value n.
[0065]
In step FK5, it is checked whether or not the register FSET (i) is a predetermined value n. If the register FSET (i) is not the predetermined value n, no value of the average speed is input to all of the registers VelAve1 (i) to VelAven (i), so the process proceeds to the processing terminal A and proceeds to the processing of the main routine of FIG. Return. On the other hand, if the register FSET (i) is the predetermined value n, it indicates that the average speed value has been input to all of the registers VelAve1 (i) to VelAven (i), and therefore the process proceeds to the processing terminal B.
[0066]
FIG. 13 is a flowchart showing processing subsequent to processing terminal A and processing terminal B in the calculation flow processing. From the processing terminal A, the process returns to the main routine of FIG. From the processing terminal B, the process proceeds to Step FK7, and the macro average speed Vel (i) is obtained by the following equation.
[0067]
[Equation 5]
Vel (i) ← {VelAve1 (i) +... + VelAven (i)} / n The macro average speed Vel (i) in the above equation is the average of n micro average speeds VelAve1 (i) to VelAven (i). However, the average of the first micro average speed VelAve1 (i) and the last micro average speed VelAven (i) may be obtained by the following formula.
[0068]
[Formula 6]
Vel (i) ← {VelAve1 (i) + VelAven (i)} / 2 In step FK8, 1 is set in the counter m, and the process proceeds to step FK9. The counter m is an interpolation counter that changes from 1 to n.
[0069]
In step FK9, an interpolation average speed VelIP (i, m) is obtained by the following equation. The interpolation average speed VelIP (i, m) indicates an average speed at the interpolation position m between 1 and n. That is, the average speed obtained by linear interpolation is shown.
[0070]
[Expression 7]
VelIP (i, m) ← VelAve1 (i) + m {VelAven (i) −VelAve1 (i)} / n In step FK10, the differential speed DMAX (i, m) at the interpolation position m and the differential speed DMAX (at the interpolation position m + 1) i, m + 1) are obtained by the following equations. That is, the differential speed DMAX (i, m) becomes smaller as the micro average speed changes linearly.
[0071]
[Equation 8]
DMAX (i, m) ← VelIP (i, m) −VelAve (i, m) DMAX (i, m + 1) ← VelIP (i, m + 1) −VelAve (i, m + 1)
In step FK13, it is checked whether or not the differential speed DMAX (i, m + 1) is greater than the differential speed DMAX (i, m). If it is larger, the process proceeds to step FK15, and the differential speed DMAX (i, m + 1) is stored in the maximum difference value DMAX (i). Store. As a result, the maximum differential speed is stored in the differential maximum value DMAX (i).
[0072]
In step FK16, the counter m is incremented and the process proceeds to step FK17. In step 17, it is checked whether the counter m is n. If not n, the process proceeds to step FK9, and the process for the counter m is repeated again. If n, the process is terminated, and therefore the process proceeds to step FK18.
[0073]
In step FK18, various registers such as registers FSET (i), m, VelIP (i, m), VelIP (i, m + 1), DMAX (i, m), DMAX (i, m + 1) are reset. Thereafter, the process returns to the main routine of FIG.
[0074]
The value of the maximum difference value DMAX (i) obtained by the above processing of the calculation flow indicates the type of performance technique. As the difference maximum value DMAX (i) is larger, the curve in the graph showing the change in the stroke position shows a larger bend, and thus a staccato performance method is shown. On the contrary, the smaller the maximum difference value DMAX (i), the smaller the curve of the graph showing the change in the stroke position, indicating a tenuto performance.
[0075]
The musical tone is controlled by extracting the coefficient of the musical tone control amount from the musical tone control amount table using the maximum difference value DMAX (i) as the performance method on the vertical axis of the musical tone control amount conversion table shown in FIG.
[0076]
The rendition style is not limited to the case where the value of the maximum difference value DMAX (i) is used, and after step FK10, the differential integration value DMAXSUM (i) can be obtained by the following equation, and the rendition style can be determined by the differential integration value. is there.
[0077]
[Equation 9]
DMAXSUM (i) ← DMAXSUM (i) + DMAX (i, m)
The differential integral value DMAXSUM (i) is an integral value of the differential velocity at the interpolation position m. Therefore, similarly to the maximum difference value DMAX (i), the larger the difference integral value DMAXSUM (i), the staccato performance style, and the smaller the difference integral value DMAXSUM (i), the more the tenuto style performance style. The rendition style can also be determined from the average value of the differential speeds by dividing the differential integral value DMAXSUM (i) by n.
[0078]
In addition, the rendition style can also be determined using ACC (i) representing the temporal displacement of the maximum difference value DMAX (i). After step FK10 of the processing of the calculation flow in FIG. 13, ACC (i, m) is obtained by the following equation.
[0079]
[Expression 10]
ACC (i, m) ← | DMAX (i, m) −DMAX (i, m + 1) | By calculating the maximum value of the obtained ACC (i, m), the performance data ACC (i) is obtained. The rendition style can also be determined by calculating an integral value instead of the maximum value or by calculating an average value of the integral values. Since ACC (i) represents the temporal displacement of the differential velocity DMAX (i, m), the larger the ACC (i), the larger the curve of the graph indicating the change in stroke position, and the staccato performance method. Show. Conversely, a smaller ACC (i) indicates a tenuto playing style.
[0080]
The results of performing the above calculation flow processing will be described with respect to graphs showing changes in stroke position with respect to the passage of time in FIGS. In FIG. 6, the difference integrated value DMAXSUM (i) when n = 15 (decimal number) processing is performed is 1400h, and the average value of the difference integrated value DMAXSUM (i) is 155h. In FIG. 7, the difference integrated value DMAXSUM (i) when n = 12 (decimal number) processing is performed is 1218h, and the average value of the difference integrated value DMAXSUM (i) is 182h. Therefore, it can be confirmed that the average value of the difference integral value DMAXSUM (i) is larger in the staccato playing method than in the tenuto playing method at the velocity data VEL = 38h.
[0081]
In FIG. 8, the difference integral value DMAXSUM (i) when n = 7 (decimal number) processing is performed is 600h, and the average value of the difference integral value DMAXSUM (i) is dbh. In FIG. 9, the difference integral value DMAXSUM (i) when n = 5 (decimal number) processing is performed is 1280h, and the average value of the difference integral value DMAXSUM (i) is 3b3h. Therefore, in the speed data VEL = 50h, it can be confirmed that the average value of the differential speed is larger in the staccato playing method than in the tenuto playing method.
[0082]
As described above, even if the speed data VEL is the same, it is possible to determine the difference in rendition style by obtaining the average value of the difference integral value DMAXSUM (i). That is, the larger the average value of the differential integral value DMAXSUM (i), the staccato effect, and the smaller the value, the tenuto performance.
[0083]
FIG. 14 is a flowchart of subroutine 2 showing a process for setting the number of processes n used in the process of the calculation flow of FIG. In the processing of the calculation flow described above, the value of the processing number n is described as a predetermined value, but the processing number n can be set to an appropriate value by performing the following processing after step FK4 in FIG.
[0084]
First, in step FC1, it is checked whether or not the register FSET (i) is 1. If the register FSET (i) is 1, this is the first process, so the process proceeds to step FC2 where the number of processes n is set. On the other hand, if the register FSET (i) is larger than 1, it is not necessary to set the processing count n, so that the process returns to the calculation flow of FIG.
[0085]
In step FC2, the value of the register Vel1 (i) indicating the speed data is stored in the register IVEL (i). Then, based on the value of the register IVEL (i), the table value TBL (IVEL (i)) is extracted from the table, stored in the register n, and the number of processes is set. Thereafter, the processing returns to the processing of the calculation flow of FIG.
[0086]
As described above, the processing number n is determined according to the speed data Vel1 (i). Generally, if the key pressing speed is high, the time from when the key is pressed to when the key is played is shortened. Conversely, the slower the key pressing speed, the longer the time from when the key is pressed until it is sounded. Therefore, in the case where the key pressing speed is high, unless the number of times of processing n is reduced, the timing of sound generation cannot be met. On the other hand, when the key pressing speed is slow, even if the number of times of processing n is increased, it can be made in time for the sound generation.
[0087]
Note that only the initial speed Vel1 (i) is used for the register IVEL (i). Instead, for example, an average value of the initial three speeds Vel1 (i) to Vel3 (i) is stored. The value of the speed data may be used. Further, the above-described micro average speed VelAve (i) may be used to determine the value of the register IVEL (i).
[0088]
FIG. 15 is a flowchart of subroutine 3 showing an example (1) of rendition style and speed data calculation. The following processing showing the calculation procedure of the speed data VEL ′ (i) and the rendition style TSUM (i) is performed after step FK1 in FIG. 12, and the processing of steps FK5 to FK18 is not performed. Further, the processing for setting the processing number n in FIG. 14 is not performed.
[0089]
In step FD1, if the stroke position AMP2 (i) is smaller than the predetermined value C and the stroke position AMP (i) satisfies the condition equal to or greater than the predetermined value C, it indicates that the key has been pushed more than a certain stroke position. In step FD2, input values TSUM (i) and VEL ′ (i) of the conversion table are obtained. On the other hand, if the condition is not satisfied, the process returns to the calculation flow of FIG.
[0090]
In step FD2, the time TSUM (i) from the start of the key pressing operation is stored in TSUM (i). Then, speed data VEL ′ (i) of the latest stroke position AMP (i) is obtained by the following equation. Thereafter, the process returns to the calculation flow of FIG.
[0091]
[Expression 11]
VEL ′ = {AMP (i) −offset value} / TMSUM (i)
TSUM (i) represents the time from the start of key pressing until reaching a predetermined stroke position, and the playing style is determined according to this time. In the musical sound control amount conversion table of FIG. 2, the musical sound control amount is determined by performing table lookup with velocity data VEL ′ (i) on the horizontal axis and rendition style TSUM (i) on the vertical axis.
[0092]
FIG. 16 is a flowchart of a rendition style extraction flow showing a rendition style and speed data calculation example (2). The procedure for obtaining the rendition style TSUM (i) and the speed data VEL ′ (i) by a method different from the subroutine 3 of FIG. 15 is shown. The following rendition style extraction flow processing is performed instead of the processing flow processing of FIG.
[0093]
In step FK1, similarly to the calculation flow, shift register processing is performed for each of the eight velocity registers Vel1 (i) to Vel8 (i) and the stroke position registers AMP1 (i) to AMP8 (i). Speed data Vel1 (i) and stroke position AMP1 (i) are obtained.
[0094]
In step FK2, it is checked whether AMP8 (i) is larger than a predetermined value, and it is determined whether the noise level is exceeded. If larger than the predetermined value, the process proceeds to step FK3, and if not larger than the predetermined value, the process returns to the main routine of FIG.
[0095]
In step FK3, shift register processing is performed on n registers VelAve1 (i) to VelAven (i) representing the average speed in the same manner as in the processing of the calculation flow, and the micro average speed VelAve (i) of Expression 4 is obtained. In step FK4 ′, the eight registers AMP1 (i) to AMP8 (i) are reset.
[0096]
In Step FK20, it is checked whether or not the absolute value of the difference between the micro average speed VelAve (i) obtained this time and the micro average speed VelAve1 (i) obtained last time is larger than a predetermined value. If it is larger, it indicates that a predetermined displacement has been detected, so the routine proceeds to step FK21. On the other hand, if not, the process returns to the main routine of FIG.
[0097]
In step FK21, the time TSUM (i) from the start of the key pressing operation is stored in TSUM (i). Then, speed data VEL ′ (i) of the latest stroke position AMP (i) is obtained by the following equation.
[0098]
[Expression 12]
VEL ′ = {AMP (i) −offset value} / TMSUM (i)
In step FK18 ', various registers are reset, and then the process returns to the main routine of FIG.
[0099]
In step FK20, the two micro average velocities VelAve1 (i) and VelAve (i) are used for the determination. However, if three or more micro average velocities are used for determination, a more detailed performance mode can be obtained. Judgment can be made.
[0100]
FIG. 17 is a flowchart of subroutine 4 for performing threshold value C setting processing used in subroutine 3 of FIG. When the process of subroutine 4 is performed, the processes of subroutine 2 in FIG. 14 and subroutine 3 in FIG. 15 are used together. Then, the following processing is performed after step FC2 of subroutine 2 in FIG.
[0101]
The table value TBL1 (IVEL (i)) is extracted from the table using IVEL (i) obtained in step FC2 of subroutine 2, and C indicating the threshold value is set. After that, the process returns to the subroutine 2 in FIG. 14, and is compared with the threshold value C in the subroutine 3 in FIG.
[0102]
18 is a flowchart of subroutine 5 showing an example of calculating other velocity data VEL ″ (i) used in the conversion table of FIG. 2. The following processing is performed after step FK1 of the processing of the calculation flow of FIG. At this time, the subroutine 2 of FIG. 14 may or may not be performed.
[0103]
In step FE1, if the condition that the register FSET (i) is 1 or more and TMSUM (i) is larger than a predetermined value is satisfied, it indicates that a predetermined time has elapsed since the start of the key pressing, and therefore the flow returns to step FE2. If the condition is not satisfied, the process returns to the calculation flow of FIG.
[0104]
In step FE2, the speed data VEL ″ (i) after the elapse of a predetermined time is obtained by the following equation. Thereafter, the process returns to the calculation flow process of FIG.
[0105]
[Formula 13]
VEL "= {AMP (i) -offset value} / TMSUM (i)
The speed data VEL ″ (i) is obtained by using the stroke position AMP (i) after a predetermined time has elapsed since the key was pressed to obtain the initial speed in the key pressing operation. Speed data VEL ″ (i ) Is used as the horizontal axis of the conversion table of FIG. 2 to control the musical tone according to the initial speed VEL ″ (i).
[0106]
It should be noted that only the data until a certain time elapses after the key pressing operation or until a certain stroke position is exceeded may be used as the above performance method or speed data. As shown in FIGS. 6, 7, 8, and 9, the feature of the difference due to the playing style appears in the first part after the key depression, and it is only necessary to extract the feature part.
[0107]
The speed data VEL is the speed from when the first contact of the key is turned on until the second contact is turned on, whereas the speed data VEL 'and VEL "are initial values of the key pressing operation. Represents speed.
[0108]
Therefore, the musical sound control amount conversion table may obtain the control amount by inputting three-dimensional or more values such as the speed data VEL, the initial speed VEL ′, and the rendition style DMAXSUM. FIG. 19 is a flowchart showing a process of sending a key-on signal and a key-off signal to the tone generation circuit (sound source) in step FM6 of the main routine of FIG.
[0109]
In step FB1, the counter i is changed from 0 to 88 to watch the change of the first contact and the second contact for all keys. In step FB2, it is checked whether or not the first contact is on in the contact data in the current watch. If it is on, the process proceeds to step FB3. If it is not on, the process proceeds to step FB9.
[0110]
In step FB3, if an ON event has occurred in the first contact in the contact data currently being watched, this indicates that the first contact has changed from OFF to ON, so the process proceeds to step FB4 and flag PREP (i) is set. The current time t (i) counted in the timer interrupt process of FIG. 10 is stored in the register T (i). In addition, processing necessary for sound generation preparation is performed, and the process proceeds to Step FB5. On the other hand, if an on event has not occurred at the first contact in step FB3, the process bypasses to step FB5.
[0111]
In step FB5, it is checked whether or not the second contact is turned on in the contact data currently being watched. If the second contact is not on, the following processing is bypassed and the process proceeds to step FB13. If the second contact is on, the process proceeds to step FB6.
[0112]
In step FB6, it is checked whether or not the flag PREP (i) is 1. If the flag PREP (i) is not 1, it indicates that key-on data or key-off data has already been sent to the musical tone generation circuit, so that the following processing is bypassed and the process proceeds to step FB13. On the other hand, if the flag PREP (i) is 1, the process proceeds to step FB7.
[0113]
In step FB7, key-on data, key data (key code), and speed data VEL (i) are sent to the i channel of the tone generation circuit (sound source). The speed data VEL indicates a speed from when the first contact of the key is turned on to when the second contact is turned on.
[0114]
The speed data VEL (i) is obtained by the following equation. Here, time T (i) indicates the time when the first contact is turned on, and time t (i) indicates the current time when the second contact is turned on.
[0115]
[Expression 14]
VEL (i) = 1 / {t (i) -T (i)}
In step FB8, a musical tone parameter for controlling the volume, tone color, etc. is determined with reference to the musical tone control amount conversion table as shown in FIG. 2 from the performance style data DMAX, DMAXSUM, etc. obtained above. The musical tone parameter is sent to the i channel of the musical tone generating circuit. Thereafter, the flag PREP (i) is reset to 0 in step FB12, and the process proceeds to step FB13.
[0116]
In step FB13, it is checked whether there is other key data. If there is other key data, the process returns to step FB1 and the same processing is repeated. On the other hand, if there is no other key data, the process returns to the main routine of FIG.
[0117]
Step FB9 is processing when the first contact is not on in the contact data currently being watched, and further checks whether an off event has occurred at the first contact. If an off event has not occurred at the first contact, the following process is bypassed and the process proceeds to step FB13. On the other hand, if an off event has occurred in the first contact, the process proceeds to step FB10.
[0118]
In step FB10, a key-off signal is sent to the i channel of the tone generation circuit (sound source). Thereafter, in step FB11, a musical tone parameter is determined by referring to a musical tone control amount conversion table as shown in FIG. 2 from performance style data DMAX, DMAXSUM, or the like. The musical tone parameter is sent to the i channel of the musical tone generating circuit. Thereafter, the flag PREP (i) is reset to 0 in step FB12, and the process proceeds to step FB13. Here, the reason why the flag PREP (i) is reset to 0 is that the first contact may turn off without turning on the second contact after the first contact is turned on.
[0119]
In step FB13, it is checked whether there is other key data. If there is other key data, the process returns to step FB1 and the same processing is repeated. On the other hand, if there is no other key data, the process returns to the main routine of FIG.
[0120]
Although the case where the nonlinearity of the key motion is determined based on the case where the key stroke changes linearly with respect to time has been described, the nonlinearity can also be determined using other criteria. For example, the curvature of the stroke change with the passage of time or the like may be used. A plurality of criteria may be used together. Also, a keyboard may be used in which a change in playing style clearly appears in a stroke change more than before.
[0121]
FIG. 20 shows a key stroke detection sensor that detects a key stroke position by a key pressing operation. The keyboard has a white key 21W and a black key 21B. The white key 21W and the black key 21B rotate with respect to the support member 29 about the shaft 20 as a fulcrum. The white key stroke sensor 22 </ b> W and the black key stroke sensor 22 </ b> B are fixed to the support member 29.
[0122]
When the white key 21W is depressed, the white key stroke sensor 22W detects the stroke position. The shutter plate 23W moves in the white key stroke sensor 22W in accordance with the depression of the white key 21W. The white key stroke sensor 22W outputs in accordance with the movement position of the shutter plate 23W.
[0123]
The white key stroke sensor 22W detects the stroke position of the white key 21W according to the amount of light that passes through the shutter plate 23W from the light source in the sensor. The shutter plate 23W has a gray scale, and the amount of light passing therethrough changes depending on the position of the shutter plate 23W.
[0124]
Similarly, according to the depression of the black key 21B, the shutter plate 23B moves in the black key stroke sensor 22B. The black key stroke sensor 22B outputs in accordance with the moving position of the shutter plate 23B, and detects the stroke position of the black key 21B.
[0125]
The mass body 24 is supported movably with respect to the support member 29, and simulates the mechanism of a natural musical instrument piano hammer. When the white key 21W is pressed, the white key 21W hits the driven portion 38W and transmits a force to the mass body of the white key through an impact on the urethane rubber. When the black key 21B is pressed, the black key 21B hits the driven portion 38B and transmits a force to the mass body of the black key through an impact on the urethane rubber. When a force is applied to the mass body 24, the mass body moves and the relative position with respect to the support member 29 changes.
[0126]
The black key driven portion 38B is located above the white key driven portion 38W. This is to make the touch feeling of the key operation of the white key and the black key the same. Since the mass body 24 simulates a hammer mechanism of a natural musical instrument, when the white key 21W or the black key 21B is pressed, the response of the key press is initially light and the response becomes heavy after a while. The performer can obtain a touch sensation at the time of key pressing operation similar to a natural musical instrument piano. In addition, a weak key pressing operation is linear with little change in touch feeling.
[0127]
The first contact point 37 </ b> A and the second contact point 37 </ b> B are fixed to the support member 29. First contact 37A is turned on in response to the key pressing operation, and second contact 37B is turned on when the key is further pressed deeply.
[0128]
FIG. 21A shows the configuration of the keystroke detection sensor. The key stroke detection sensor 26 includes an LED 27 and a phototransistor 28. As shown in FIG. 21B, the phototransistor 28 senses the light emitted from the LED 27, and a current flows between the collector and the emitter of the phototransistor 28 according to the amount of light.
[0129]
The LED 27 and the phototransistor 28 are blocked by a shutter plate. Since the shutter plate is in gray scale, the amount of light received by the phototransistor 28 from the LED 27 via the shutter plate varies depending on the key stroke position.
[0130]
FIG. 22 shows a configuration example of another keystroke detection sensor. In FIG. 20, in order to detect the relative position between the white key 21W or the black key 21B and the support member 29, the white key 21W or the black key 21B is provided with shutter plates 23W and 23B for stroke sensors, respectively.
[0131]
FIG. 22 shows a stroke sensor that detects the relative position of the mass body 24 and the support member 29 shown in FIG. The mass body 24 is movable relative to the support member in conjunction with the key. The shutter plate 42 is fixed to the mass body 24, and the common light source 41 and the photodiode 43 are fixed to the support member.
[0132]
The key stroke detection sensor includes a common light source 41, a shutter plate 42 that moves according to the stroke of each key, and a photodiode 43 that corresponds to each key. Light emitted from the common light source 41 passes through the shutter plate 42 and is irradiated to the photodiode 43. The shutter plate 42 has a gray scale, and the amount of light applied to the photodiode 43 changes according to the key stroke position. Since a current flows in the photodiode 43 in accordance with the amount of light received, the key stroke position can be detected.
[0133]
FIG. 23 shows a configuration example of another keystroke detection sensor. Similar to FIG. 22, the relative position of the mass body and the support member is detected. The keystroke detection sensor has a shutter plate 46 and a photo interrupter 45. The shutter plate 46 is fixed to the mass body 24, and the photo interrupter 45 is fixed to the support member. The shutter plate 46 moves between the light source and the light receiving element in the photo interrupter 45 according to the key stroke. The shutter plate 46 is gray scale, and the current flowing through the photo interrupter 46 changes according to the key stroke position. The stroke position of the key can be detected from this current value.
[0134]
FIG. 24 shows a configuration example of another keystroke detection sensor. When the white key 54W or the black key 54B is pressed, the spring 53 is deflected, and a force acts in a direction to return the pressed key to the original position. The shutter plate 52 moves between the light source and the light receiving element in the photo interrupter 51 fixed to the support member 29 in accordance with the deflection of the spring. The shutter plate 52 has a gray scale, and the current flowing through the photo interrupter 51 changes according to the key stroke position. The key stroke position can be detected from the current value. Alternatively, the key stroke position may be detected by detecting the displacement of the spring 53 using a photo reflector.
[0135]
The mass body 24 is supported movably with respect to the support member 29, and simulates the mechanism of a natural musical instrument piano hammer. When the white key 54W is pressed, the white key 54W hits the driven portion 38W and transmits a force to the mass body of the white key through an impact on the urethane rubber. When the black key 54B is pressed, the black key 54B hits the driven portion 38B and transmits a force to the mass body of the black key through an impact on the urethane rubber. When a force is applied to the mass body 24, the mass body moves and the relative position with respect to the support member 29 changes.
[0136]
The first contact point 37 </ b> A and the second contact point 37 </ b> B are fixed to the support member 29. First contact 37A is turned on in response to the key pressing operation, and second contact 37B is turned on when the key is further pressed deeply.
[0137]
FIG. 25 shows a configuration example of another keystroke detection sensor. When the key 34 is depressed, the spring 25 is deflected by being supported by the support member 33, and a force acts in a direction to return the depressed key to the original position. The stroke position of the key can be detected according to the deflection of the spring. At this time, the sensor base 32 for detecting the stroke position of the white key is higher than the sensor base 31 for detecting the stroke position of the black key.
[0138]
FIG. 26 shows the difference between the spring pressure when the white key is pressed and the spring pressure when the black key is pressed. FIG. 26A shows a spring 35B and a sensor base 36B for detecting the stroke position of the black key when the black key is pressed. FIG. 26B shows a sensor base 36W of a sensor for detecting the spring 35W and the stroke position of the white key when the white key is pressed. Assume that the black key sensor base 36B and the white key sensor base 36W are at the same height. As a result, the white key press has a larger spring deflection and the spring pressure becomes higher than the black key press. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 25, the white key sensor base 32 needs to be higher than the black key sensor base 31.
[0139]
FIG. 27 shows a configuration example of another keystroke detection sensor. The stroke position of the white key 61 is detected by the white key sensor 63, and the stroke position of the black key 62 is detected by the black key sensor 64. The white key sensor 63 is a reflective sensor, and the reflected light or the like changes according to the position of the white key 61, so that the stroke position of the white key can be detected. The black key sensor 64 is also a reflective sensor, and can detect the stroke position of the black key 62 in the same manner.
[0140]
When the white key 61 is pressed, the white key 61 hits the driven portion 38W and transmits a force to the mass body of the white key through an impact on the urethane rubber. When the black key 62 is depressed, the black key 62 hits the driven portion 38B and transmits a force to the mass body of the black key through an impact on the urethane rubber. When a force is applied to the mass body 24, the mass body moves and the relative position with respect to the support member 29 changes.
[0141]
The first contact point 37 </ b> A and the second contact point 37 </ b> B are fixed to the support member 29. First contact 37A is turned on in response to the key pressing operation, and second contact 37B is turned on when the key is further pressed deeply.
[0142]
【The invention's effect】
A rendition style can be detected by detecting the relative position of the key that changes over time according to the key operation. Thereby, since the musical sound according to a performance aspect can be produced | generated, performance expressive power can be improved.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating a system configuration example of an electronic keyboard instrument.
FIG. 2 is a chart showing an example of a tone control amount set in a table ROM.
FIG. 3 is a waveform diagram showing an envelope waveform whose volume is controlled by a difference in performance style.
FIG. 4 is a waveform diagram showing an envelope waveform for controlling a rising shape due to a difference in performance style.
FIG. 5 shows an example of a filter used for tone color control. 5A is a graph showing the frequency characteristics of the low-pass filter (LPF), FIG. 5B is a graph showing the frequency characteristics of the band-pass filter (BPF), and FIG. 5C is a graph showing the frequency characteristics of the high-pass filter (HPF). .
FIG. 6 is a graph showing a change in stroke position in the tenuto performance method with velocity data VEL = 38 (hexadecimal number).
FIG. 7 is a graph showing a change in stroke position in the staccato playing method with velocity data VEL = 38 (hexadecimal number).
FIG. 8 is a graph showing a change in stroke position in a tenuto performance method with velocity data VEL = 50 (hexadecimal number).
FIG. 9 is a graph showing a change in stroke position in the staccato playing method with velocity data VEL = 50 (hexadecimal number).
FIG. 10 is a flowchart showing a timer interrupt process.
FIG. 11 is a flowchart showing a main routine processed by a CPU.
FIG. 12 is a flowchart showing a calculation flow process in step FM4 of the main routine of FIG.
FIG. 13 is a flowchart following the processing of the calculation flow of FIG.
14 is a flowchart showing processing for setting the number of processing times n used in the processing of the calculation flow of FIG.
FIG. 15 is a flowchart showing a calculation example (1) of rendition style and speed data.
FIG. 16 is a flowchart of a rendition style extraction flow showing a rendition style and speed data calculation example (2).
FIG. 17 is a flowchart for performing threshold value C setting processing used in the flowchart of FIG. 15;
FIG. 18 is a flowchart illustrating a calculation example of velocity data VEL ″ (i).
FIG. 19 is a flowchart showing processing for sending a key-on signal and a key-off signal to a tone generation circuit (sound source) in step FM6 of the main routine of FIG.
FIG. 20 is a schematic diagram showing a key stroke detection sensor that detects a key stroke position by a key pressing operation.
FIGS. 21A and 21B are conceptual diagrams showing the configuration of a keystroke detection sensor.
FIG. 22 is a schematic diagram showing a configuration example of another keystroke detection sensor.
FIG. 23 is a schematic diagram showing a configuration example of another keystroke detection sensor.
FIG. 24 is a schematic diagram showing a configuration example of another keystroke detection sensor.
FIG. 25 is a schematic diagram illustrating a configuration example of another keystroke detection sensor.
FIG. 26A is a conceptual diagram showing a spring when a black key is pressed, and FIG. 26B is a conceptual diagram showing a spring when a white key is pressed.
FIG. 27 is a schematic diagram showing a configuration example of another keystroke detection sensor.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 key switch, 2 multiplexer, 3 bus, 4 microcomputer, 5 CPU, 6 ROM, 7 RAM, 8 sound source, 9 table ROM, 10 D / A converter, 11 amplifier, 12 speaker, S1-S88 stroke sensor, AD1- AD88 A / D converter

Claims (3)

A support member;
A plurality of keys provided to be swingable with respect to the support member;
A mass body that is provided corresponding to each key of the plurality of keys, and whose relative position with respect to the support member is displaced according to the movement of each key;
A key operation detecting means provided corresponding to each key of the plurality of keys and detecting a key operation of each key;
A musical sound signal generating means for generating a musical sound signal based on the detected key operation;
Position information representing the relative position of the mass body driven according to the movement of the operated key with respect to the support member is detected many times, and the key pressing of the operated key is performed based on the position information detected many times. Rendition style detecting means for detecting a rendition style related to the operation;
An electronic musical instrument comprising: a musical tone control unit that performs musical tone control on the musical tone generation unit according to the musical performance method detected by the musical performance detection unit. A support member having a key joint and a mass support,
A plurality of keys provided so as to be swingable with respect to the support member about the key joint as a rotation axis, and having a mass body joint;
A mass body joint provided on the key corresponding to each key of the plurality of keys is provided so as to be swingable with respect to the key as a rotation axis, and the mass body support portion is provided according to the movement of each key. A mass body whose relative position with respect to the support member is displaced as a fulcrum;
A key operation detecting means provided corresponding to each key of the plurality of keys and detecting a key operation of each key;
A musical sound signal generating means for generating a musical sound signal based on the detected key operation;
Position information representing the relative position of the mass body that is displaced according to the movement of the operated key with respect to the support member is detected many times, and the key pressing operation of the operated key is performed based on the position information detected many times. Rendition style detection means for detecting a rendition style according to
An electronic musical instrument comprising: a musical tone control unit that performs musical tone control on the musical tone generation unit according to the musical performance method detected by the musical performance detection unit.   Furthermore, it is interposed between each key of the plurality of keys and each of the plurality of mass bodies corresponding to each key, and changes the relative position between each of the plurality of mass bodies and the support member in a non-linear manner. The electronic musical instrument of Claim 1 or 2 which has a member.

Images