JP3667082B2

JP3667082B2 - SOLAR CELL MODULE, ITS MANUFACTURING METHOD, BUILDING MATERIAL, ITS CONSTRUCTION METHOD, AND POWER GENERATOR

Info

Publication number: JP3667082B2
Application number: JP11846598A
Authority: JP
Inventors: 昌宏森; 明治高林; 健司高田; 綾子塩塚; 敏彦三村
Original assignee: Canon Inc
Current assignee: Canon Inc
Priority date: 1997-05-07
Filing date: 1998-04-28
Publication date: 2005-07-06
Anticipated expiration: 2018-04-28
Also published as: JPH1126796A

Description

【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、光起電力素子が補強板上に充填材で封止された太陽電池モジュール及びその製造方法、それを用いた建材、その施工方法、発電装置に関する。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
従来より、太陽電池モジュールの裏面側に補強板を用いた太陽電池モジュールが知られている。その一例として、図８に示すアルミフレーム材を有した汎用性のある太陽電池モジュールについて以下に簡単に説明する。
【０００３】
図８は、従来よりの太陽電池モジュールを示す斜視図であり、図９は、図８の断面ＢＢ′での部分拡大断面図である。
【０００４】
図９を参照して本例の太陽電池モジュール１の構成を述べる。本発明の太陽電池モジュール１は、光起電力素子２を透光性樹脂３により樹脂封止したものである。透光性樹脂３は、光起電力素子を封止し且つ補強板上に固定するための充填材の役割を果たす。本例においては、太陽電池モジュール１は受光面側の最表面に透光性表面保護フィルム４を有し、補強板１０５として金属補強板を有しており、それらは、それぞれ上記透光性樹脂３によって接着積層されているものである。
【０００５】
太陽電池モジュール１の側部には、アルミフレーム７が設けてある。このアルミフレームを用いて太陽電池モジュール１を所望の場所に固定することができる。本例の太陽電池モジュール１の電気出力は、補強板５に接着剤１９で固定された端子取り出し箱８より導出されているケーブル１０より行われる。
【０００６】
封止固定により太陽電池モジュールを作製するその方法の一例を以下に簡単に説明する。まず、光起電力素子を封止固定して太陽電池モジュールを作製するための充填材料として、次のものを用意する。
【０００７】
光起電力素子の表裏面を被覆し、かつ、その外側の充填材料を接着する働きをする充填材として、例えばＥＶＡ樹脂（エチレン−酢酸ビニル共重体）を厚さ４５０μｍのシート状に形成したものを表裏分の２枚を用意し、表面保護フィルムとして、例えば厚さ５０μｍのフッ素樹脂フィルムを用意する。太陽電池モジュールの裏面側に設ける補強板として、例えば厚さ０．４ｍｍのガルバリウム鋼板（５５％アルミ・亜鉛合金めっき鋼板）を用意する。
【０００８】
ここで光起電力素子としては、例えばアモルファスシリコン光起電力素子を用意する。これは厚さ１２５μｍのステンレス基板上にアモルファスシリコン半導体層を形成したものである。
【０００９】
かくして用意したものを加熱圧着することにより、封止固定する。図１０は封止固定用治具の一例を示す斜視図であり、図１１は治具の上に太陽電池モジュールを作製するための材料をのせていく過程を示すところの、図１０の線ＣＣ′部分に相当する断面図である。治具１８は、アルミニウム製の板で作られており、その上に上記光起電力素子及びその充填材となるべきものを載せて用いられる。そしてそのアルミニウム製の板には、治具としての機能を果たすために、光起電力素子及び充填材を載せる領域を囲むようにその外側に溝１９が設けられ、溝１９には耐熱性の樹脂により作製されたＯリング２０がおかれる。Ｏリング２０のすぐ内側には、真空にするための吸気口２１が設けられ、それは管２２につながり、管２２はさらに不図示の真空ポンプにつながる。また、管２２にはバルブ２６が設けられている。
【００１０】
当該治具を使用しての太陽電池モジュールの作製は、例えば次のように行われる。最初に、治具１８の上に離型用のテフロンフィルム２３を敷く。これは、充填材であるEVA樹脂がはみ出して、治具にくっつかないようにするためである。
次に、治具１８の上に上記用意したものを次のように積み重ねる。即ち、一番下に、補強板としての厚さ０．４ｍｍのガルバリウム鋼板（大同鋼板（株）製：５５％アルミ・亜鉛めっき鋼板）、その上に充填材として厚さ４５０μｍのシートに形成したＥＶＡ樹脂、アモルファスシリコン光起電力素子、同ＥＶＡ樹脂、一番上に厚さ５０μｍのフッ素樹脂フィルムを順に積み重ねた積層体２４を、離型用テフロンフィルム２３上に載置する。このとき、フッ素樹脂フィルムは、ＥＶＡ樹脂のシートサイズより大きいものを用いる。これにより、一番下に離型用のテフロンフィルム２３を敷いたのと同様に、充填材がはみ出してその他の材料部材にくっつくことを防止する。このように積み重ねた上に最後にシリコンラバー２５を載せる。これで、治具１８上への材料の積み重ねは終わる。
【００１１】
この状態で不図示の真空ポンプを動作させ、バルブ２６を開く。そうすると、シリコンラバー２５はＯリング２０と密着して、シリコンラバー２５とＯリング２０と治具１８のアルミニウム製の板との間で密閉された空間が形成され、その中は真空状態となる。これにより、補強板、充填材、光起電力素子、充填材、透光性表面保護フィルムは、シリコンラバー２５を介して、一様に大気圧により治具１８に押し付けれる。
【００１２】
このような状態にある治具を、真空ポンプを動作させたまま、即ち、真空状態を保持したまま加熱炉に投入する。加熱炉内の温度は、上記充填材の融点を超える温度に保持されている。加熱炉内で充填材が融点を超えて柔らかくなり、かつ、十分な接着力を発揮するための化学変化が完了する時間が経過した後、加熱炉より、上記真空状態に保持したままの治具を取り出す。これを室温まで冷却した後、真空ポンプの動作を停止し、シリコンラバー２５を取り除くことにより真空状態より開放する。かくして太陽電池モジュールを得ることができる。
【００１３】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
このようにして太陽電池モジュールを作製するのであるが、上記材料を積み重ねた後に真空にするときに、補強板であるガルバリウム鋼板と、充填材であるEVA樹脂との間の空気を、真空ポンプで完全に吸い取ることができないという問題がある。
【００１４】
即ち、図１２に示すように、充填材であるＥＶＡ樹脂３と補強板であるガルバリウム鋼板１０５との間の一部に空気２７を取り込んだ状態で他の部分が密着してしまうことがある。このことは、例えばＥＶＡ樹脂が吸湿していて、補強板の表面が非常に平滑であるときに多く発生する。いったんこのような状態になってしまうと、真空ポンプでいくら吸引してもこの部分の空気２７を吸い取ることができずに、そのまま太陽電池モジュールを封止固定して作製することとなる。その結果、ＥＶＡ樹脂と補強板とが密着していない気泡溜り部が発生することとなる。
【００１５】
一方、市場の要望で、太陽電池モジュールは大面積なものが求められる場合も増えているが、この問題は、大型、大面積な太陽電池モジュールを作製する際に、より顕著となる。太陽電池モジュールが大型、大面積化することによって、太陽電池モジュールの中央部から端部までの距離が長くなる。そのため、空気を抜くときの抵抗が非常に増大するためである。今まで、上記気泡溜り部が発生するという問題のなかった太陽電池モジュールでさえ、市場の要望に応え、単純に大型化しようとするときに、この問題が発生してきているものである。
【００１６】
この気泡溜り部は、大きなものであると、外観を著しく損なうこととなり、製品として出荷することができず、それは生産の歩留まり率を下げる要因となっており、結果として生産コストを上昇させているという問題がある。
【００１７】
一方、気泡溜り部の小さなもので、かつ、光起電力素子の裏側にある場合などは、製品出荷前の外観検査で発見することができないという問題がある。外観検査で発見できないということは、初期状態での外観上では問題ないということである。しかし、太陽電池モジュールを長期間使用しているうちに、この小さな気泡溜り部内の空気が膨張収縮を繰り返すために、大きな気泡溜り部へと成長していく場合がある。そうなると、外観上問題となる。また、その成長の過程において、気泡溜り部内で結露などの現象を起こし、水分を溜め込んでしまうことがある。その場合、その水分が光起電力素子にまで浸透して、光起電力素子の電気性能を低下させる場合があるという問題がある。
【００１８】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明は光起電力素子が補強板上に充填材で封止された太陽電池モジュールにおいて、前記補強板の少なくとも前記光起電力素子側の表面の少なくとも一部に塑性変形によって形成された凹凸形状を有し、該凹凸形状と前記光起電力素子の間が前記充填材により充填されており、前記補強板の光起電力素子が配置される部分には凹凸形状がないことを特徴とする太陽電池モジュールを提供する。また本発明は、光起電力素子が補強板上に充填材で封止された太陽電池モジュールにおいて、前記補強板の少なくとも前記光起電力素子側の表面の少なくとも一部に塑性変形によって形成された凹凸形状を有し、該凹凸形状と前記光起電力素子の間が前記充填材により充填されており、前記補強板に接して繊維材により構成されたシート部材が配置され、該シート部材は前記補強板の端部にまで達していないことを特徴とする太陽電池モジュールを提供する。
【００１９】
また、本発明は、光起電力素子が補強板上に充填材で封止された太陽電池モジュールにおいて、前記補強板の少なくとも前記光起電力素子側の表面の少なくとも一部に凹凸形状を有し、前記補強板の光起電力素子が配置される部分には凹凸形状がなく、該凹凸形状の凸部の幅及び隣りあう凸部の中心間距離が０．１ｍｍ以上５０ｍｍ以下であり、凸部の高さが０．１ｍｍ以上１０ｍｍ以下であることを特徴とする太陽電池モジュールを提供する。また、本発明は、光起電力素子が補強板上に充填材で封止された太陽電池モジュールにおいて、前記補強板の少なくとも前記光起電力素子側の表面の少なくとも一部に凹凸形状を有し、該凹凸形状と前記光起電力素子の間が前記充填材により充填されており、該凹凸形状の凸部の幅及び隣りあう凸部の中心間距離が０．１ｍｍ以上５０ｍｍ以下であり、凸部の高さが０．１ｍｍ以上１０ｍｍ以下であり、前記補強板に接して繊維材により構成されたシート部材が配置され、該シート部材は前記補強板の端部にまで達していないことを特徴とする太陽電池モジュールを提供する。
【００２０】
さらに本発明は、光起電力素子が補強板上に充填材で封止された太陽電池モジュールにおいて、前記補強板の少なくとも前記光起電力素子側の表面の少なくとも一部に線状の凹凸形状を有し、前記補強板の光起電力素子が配置される部分には凹凸形状がなく、該凹凸形状と前記光起電力素子の間が前記充填材により充填されていることを特徴とする太陽電池モジュールを提供する。また、本発明は、光起電力素子が補強板上に充填材で封止された太陽電池モジュールにおいて、前記補強板の少なくとも前記光起電力素子側の表面の少なくとも一部に線状の凹凸形状を有し、該凹凸形状と前記光起電力素子の間が前記充填材により充填されており、前記補強板に接して繊維材により構成されたシート部材が配置され、該シート部材は前記補強板の端部にまで達していないことを特徴とする太陽電池モジュールを提供する。
【００２１】
また本発明は、表面に凹凸を有する補強板上に、少なくとも熱可塑性樹脂のシート部材、光起電力素子を積層し、該補強板と該熱可塑性樹脂のシート部材との間、及び該熱可塑性樹脂のシート部材と該光起電力素子との間を脱気しつつ加熱し、互いに密着固定させることを特徴とする太陽電池モジュールの製造方法であって、前記補強板の光起電力素子が配置される部分には凹凸形状がないことを特徴とする太陽電池モジュールの製造方法を提供する。また、本発明は、表面に凹凸を有する補強板上に、少なくとも熱可塑性樹脂のシート部材、光起電力素子を積層し、該補強板と該熱可塑性樹脂のシート部材との間、及び該熱可塑性樹脂のシート部材と該光起電力素子との間を脱気しつつ加熱し、互いに密着固定させることを特徴とする建材の製造方法であって、前記補強板に接して繊維材により構成されたシート部材が配置され、該シート部材は前記補強板の端部にまで達していないことを特徴とする建材の製造方法を提供する。
【００２２】
【発明の実施の形態】
図１を参照して本発明の太陽電池モジュール１の好適な態様の一例の構成を述べる。本発明の太陽電池モジュール１は、光起電力素子２を透光性樹脂３により樹脂封止したものである。透光性樹脂３は、光起電力素子を封止し且つ補強板上に固定するための充填材の役割を果たすものであり、熱可塑性のシート部材を用いることができる。本例においては、受光面側の最表面には透光性表面保護フィルム４を、裏面には補強板５を有しており、それらは、それぞれ上記透光性樹脂（充填材）３によって接着封止されているものである。
【００２３】
太陽電池モジュール１の側部には、フレーム７が設けてあり、このフレーム７を用いて所望の場所に固定することができる。本例の太陽電池モジュールの電気出力は、端子取り出し箱８より導出されているケーブル１０より行われる。端子取り出し箱８は接着剤９によって補強板５に固定されている。
【００２４】
補強板５の表面には凹凸形状６が形成されている。図２は凹凸形状の一例で、補強板５の光起電力素子側に凸な領域を複数形成した例である。図３は、図２のＡ-Ａ′断面の部分拡大断面図である。図中ａは凸部の幅、ｂは凸部の高さ、ｃは隣接する凸部の中心間距離である。このような凹凸形状は例えば塑性変形を生じさせることにより形成することができ、補強板が金属の場合にはプレス成形により形成することができる。プラスチック板の場合には凹凸形状を有する型を用いて硬化することにより形成することもできる。
【００２５】
補強板５に凹凸形状が形成されていることにより、光起電力素子を封止して作製するときに、充填材３と補強板５の間で、気泡溜りを形成して密着してしまうことを防止することができる。その理由は、補強板に凹凸形状があることにより、補強板と充填材シートを密着させる際に、気泡溜りを抱えにくく、また、凹凸形状にそって空気を抜きやすいためである。これにより、太陽電池モジュールの作製上の歩留まりを非常に向上させることができる。また、気泡に起因する光起電力素子の電気性能の低下の可能性もなくなり、信頼性も非常に向上する。
【００２６】
また、補強板が平滑面である場合に比べ、凹凸形状を有していることにより充填材との接触面積が増大し、接着力の増大につながる。それにより、補強板と充填材がはがれる可能性が非常に小さくなり、長期信頼性が向上する。
【００２７】
さらに補強板が光起電力素子とは反対側の面にも凹凸形状を有することにより、太陽電池モジュールの裏面の表面積を大きくすることができる。それにより、太陽電池モジュールの放熱効率を高めることができる。特に、後述する図１３（ｃ）に示すように太陽電池モジュールを設置し、モジュールの離面を通過する空気を熱エネルギー源として利用する場合に、モジュールの放熱効率が高いことは大きな利点となる。
【００２８】
なお、補強板の凸部の幅（図３のａ）及び隣接する凸部の中心間距離（図３のｃ）は、０．１ｍｍ以上５０ｍｍ以下であることが好ましく、１ｍｍ以上１０ｍｍ以下であることがより好ましい。また凸部の高さ（図３のｂ）は０．１ｍｍ以上１０ｍｍ以下であることが好ましく、０．５ｍｍ以上５ｍｍ以下であることがより好ましい。凹凸がこの範囲よりも大きいと空気が抜けにくくなるおそれがある。また、凹凸がこの範囲よりも小さいと、放熱効率が下がるおそれがある。
【００２９】
最後に、上記のように作製した太陽電池モジュールに、電気出力用の端子取り出し箱８及びケーブル１０を取り付ける。簡単に説明すると、次のようである。補強板５の端子取り出し部に相当位置する部分には、予め図２に示すような穴１１を開けてある。また、封止時に予め端子部は穴１１から外に露出するようにしておく。この穴１１を利用して光起電力素子２の端子部とケーブル１０を半田付けして電気出力を行う。その際に、端子取り出し部の保護と防水の目的で、端子取り出し箱８を取り付ける。端子取り出し箱８と補強板５の接着は、例えばシリコーン系接着剤９で行う。この時同時に補強板と端子取り出し箱との間の防水性も確保している。補強板は、この端子取り出し箱の接着部領域では凹凸形状であるが、シリコーン系接着剤は、この凹凸形状を吸収して確実に接着する。
【００３０】
図４は端子取り出し箱の接着領域において凹凸形状がない補強板の例である。これにより、次のような作用効果を期待でき、太陽電池モジュールの電気信頼性も向上する。
▲１▼ 凹凸形状を吸収して接着させる必要がないので、接着させる部材として多種のものを選択できる。
▲２▼端子取り出し箱に接続されたケーブルを引っ張るなどして、端子取り出し箱を剥離させる力が働いたとしても、接着面に凹凸がないので、凸部などで剥離力の応力集中が発生するというようなことがなく、端子取り出し箱の剥離強度が強い。
【００３１】
充填材による光起電力素子の封止及び補強板への固定の方法は、上記従来例での作製方法と同様の方法とすることができる。なお、補強板５よりはみ出た充填材３及び透光性表面保護フィルム４は切り落とすことが好ましい。
【００３２】
この作製方法を採用することにより、製造装置として簡単な構成の装置を用いつつ、装置を容易に大型化することができる。このように装置を容易に大型化することができると、作製することのできる太陽電池モジュールも容易に大型化、大面積化することができ、多様な要望に応えることができる。即ち、太陽電池モジュールの大型化、大面積化に伴って生じる部材間の空気を抜く際の問題点は、本発明の手段を用いることにより解決される。
【００３３】
各構成要素について以下に説明する。
【００３４】
（補強板５）
本発明の太陽電池モジュールの裏面側に用いる補強板については、光起電力素子側の表面の少なくとも一部に凹凸形状を有していること以外に特に限定はない。しかし、補強板の形状としては、板状のものが好ましく、その材質としては、カーボンファイバー、ＦＲＰ（ガラスファイバー強化プラスチック）、セラミック、ガラスなどが挙げられ、特に好ましくは、金属製の板を用いるものである。
【００３５】
金属製の板を用いると次のような利点がある。
▲１▼ 凹凸形状の形成が容易である。例えば、所望の凹凸形状を有した金型によりプレス加工することによって容易に形成できる。
▲２▼ 可撓性を有しているので、湾曲部にも固定することのできる太陽電池モジュールを得ることができる。
▲３▼ 側部に、折り曲げ加工もしくは穴あけ加工を施すことにより、その部分を利用して太陽電池モジュールを固定することができる。
▲４▼折り曲げ加工により太陽電池一体型の建材とする事ができる。
【００３６】
このとき、金属の材質については、耐候性、耐食性、折り曲げ加工性に優れるものが好ましい。例えば、亜鉛メッキ鋼板やそれらの上にさらにフッ素樹脂や塩化ビニルなどの耐候性物質を有した鋼板や、ステンレス鋼板等が挙げられる。
【００３７】
図１３に補強板を屋根材として加工した形状の一例を示す。図１３（a）は棟側係止部３１と軒側係止部３２を互いにはぜ組む屋根材の模式的な斜視図、図１３（b）は野地板３３上に固定された固定部材３４に係止部３５を嵌挿する屋根材の一部を示す模式的な斜視図、図１３（c）は隣り合う屋根材同士の係止部３６をキャップ３７で係止する屋根材の一部を示す模式的な斜視図である。それぞれの屋根材の受光面には光起電力素子３０が設けられている。図１３（a）に示す屋根材は、まず第１の屋根材の軒側係止部３２を吊子などの固定部材で野地板に固定し、その棟側係止部３１に同様の第２の屋根材をはぜ組み、第２の屋根材の軒側係止部３２を吊子で固定するという作業を繰り返して施工される。
【００３８】
（補強板に形成する凹凸形状６）
本発明の太陽電池モジュールの補強板に設ける凹凸形状は、特に限定するものではない。しかし、補強板の端部にまで凹凸形状が形成されていることが好ましい。それにより、空気の通る道を途中で閉ざすことなく、より気泡溜りを作りにくい構成となる。
【００３９】
凹凸形状は図2、図3に示した形状でもよいが、図５に示すような線状の凹凸形状であることがより好ましい。線状の凹凸形状であることにより、部材間の空気を抜くときに、その抜く方向性を作製者の意図に従うようにすることができる。例えば、細長い長方形の補強板を用いて太陽電池モジュールを作製する場合、短辺方向に空気を抜いてやるほうが、空気を抜くための距離も短く、抵抗も小さい。そのため、補強板の短辺方向とおおよそ平行の線状の凹凸を形成することにより、空気がその凹凸を通り道として、平行に通り、脱気性がより向上する。
【００４０】
また、線状の凹凸の伸長方向が揃っていることにより、その線状の凹凸が補強リブの働きをすることとなり、この線状の凹凸の伸長方向と直角な方向に曲げようとする力に対する曲げ剛性が向上し、太陽電池モジュール全体としての強度が向上する。これにより、従来では太陽電池モジュールの曲げ剛性を補助するために、太陽電池モジュールの側部にフレーム材等を設けていたが、凹凸の伸長方向と平行方向ではそれが必要でなくなりコスト削減をはかることができる。
【００４１】
図６は別の凹凸形状の例である。図６において、点線で表す範囲１７は、光起電力素子２を配置する部分であり、この範囲内には凹凸形状６はなく、その外側の領域に凹凸形状６を形成したものである。
【００４２】
図７は図６の形状の補強板を有する太陽電池モジュールを構成する部材の封止前の断面図である。図７において、繊維材により構成されたシート部材２８が、光起電力素子２の配置領域とその外側の凹凸形状部にかかるように、かつ、補強板１５と充填材３の間に配置されている。
【００４３】
これにより、凹凸形状が光起電力素子に影響を与えることがない。例えば、結晶シリコン光起電力素子などの可撓性を有しない光起電力素子を用いても、大気圧で押し付けたときに割れるような事故は発生しない。また、ステンレス基板上に形成したアモルファスシリコン光起電力素子のように可撓性を有した光起電力素子においては、補強板の凹凸形状が光起電力素子に反映した外観となる場合があり見る人によっては、意匠上で好ましくないものとされ、嫌がられる場合もあるが、本実施形態によれば凹凸形状の模様が見えるということはなく、デザイン上でも美しい太陽電池モジュールを得ることができる。
【００４４】
一方、光起電力素子の裏面側には凹凸形状がないので、空気の抜けやすさに劣る構成となるのであるが、繊維材により構成されたシート部材２８の働きにより、空気の抜けやすさを改善している。シート部材２８は、補強板１５と充填材３の間に介在することにより、補強板１５と充填材３が密着することを防止する働きと、空気の抜ける通り道として、繊維材の隙間を提供するものである。また、繊維状シート部材２８は補強板１５の端部にまで達していないことが望ましい。繊維状シート部材２８が補強板１５の端部にまで達している場合、該端部が水分の侵入経路となり得、光起電力素子２の信頼性を損なうことがある。このシート部材２８がない端部においては、補強板１５の凹凸形状６により、空気の抜け性を確保する。
【００４５】
（光起電力素子２）
本発明の太陽電池モジュールにおける光起電力素子２については特に限定はない。それらの例として結晶シリコン光起電力素子、多結晶シリコン光起電力素子、微結晶シリコン光起電力素子、アモルファスシリコン光起電力素子、銅インジウムセレナイド光起電力素子、化合物半導体光起電力素子等が挙げられる。好ましくは、可撓性を有する光起電力素子であり、特に好ましくは、ステンレス基板上に形成されたアモルファスシリコン光起電力素子である。可撓性を有する光起電力素子を用いることにより、上記述べてきたような製造工程において、この光起電力素子を補強板の凹凸形状の上に載置し、大気圧により押し付けられたとしても、割れるような事故は発生しない。
【００４６】
可撓性を有した光起電力素子として、ステンレス基板上に形成されたアモルファスシリコン光起電力素子を用いることにより、例えばフィルムを基板とした光起電力素子に比べて、それ自身で剛性を有しているので、充填材との間に隙間を形成しやすく、部材間の空気を抜くときの空気の通り道が確保され、脱気性がより向上する。
【００４７】
（充填材３）
充填材３は、素子を温度変化、湿度、衝撃などの過酷な外部環境から守りかつ表面フィルム及び／又は補強材と、素子との接着を確保する。材料としてはエチレン−酢酸ビニル共重合体（ＥＶＡ）、エチレン−アクリル酸メチル共重合体（ＥＭＡ）、エチレン−アクリル酸エチル共重合体（ＥＥＡ）、ブチラール樹脂などのポリオレフィン系樹脂、ウレタン樹脂、シリコーン樹脂などが挙げられる。なかでも、ＥＶＡは太陽電池用途として好適に用いられる。ＥＶＡの場合は有機過酸化物で架橋するのが一般的である。
【００４８】
光起電力素子２と補強板５との間の絶縁を確保する為に、充填材と積層して絶縁フィルムが設けられることがある。材料としては、ナイロン、ポリエチレンテレフタレート、ポリカーボネートが挙げられる。絶縁フィルムの両面に上述した充填材、例えばEVAやEEAなどをあらかじめ一体積層した材料を用いることにより、裏面に充填材を配置する工程を簡略化できる。
【００４９】
（繊維材により構成されたシート部材２８）
脱気を助ける為に、補強板の凹凸のない部分に配置される、繊維材により構成されたシート部材として、ガラス繊維不織布、ガラス繊維織布などを例示することができる。ガラス繊維不織布の方がコストが低く、充填材として熱可塑性樹脂を用いた場合に、ガラス繊維間をこの熱可塑性樹脂により容易に充填することできるので、より好ましい。
【００５０】
この繊維材は光起電力素子２と表面保護フィルム４との間にも設けられることがある。これにより耐スクラッチ性を向上し、少ない樹脂で光起電力素子を外部環境から十分に保護することができる。
【００５１】
（表面保護フィルム４）
表面フィルムは太陽電池モジュールの屋外暴露における長期信頼性を確保する。材料としてはフッ素樹脂、アクリル樹脂などが挙げられる。なかでもフッ素樹脂は耐候性、耐汚染性に優れているため好んで用いられる。具体的にはポリフッ化ビニリデン樹脂、ポリフッ化ビニル樹脂あるは四フッ化エチレン−エチレン共重合体などがある。耐候性の観点ではポリフッ化ビニリデン樹脂が優れているが、耐候性および機械的強度の両立の観点と透明性の点では四フッ化エチレン−エチレン共重合体が優れている。前記充填材１０３との接着性の改良のために、コロナ処理、プラズマ処理、オゾン処理、ＵＶ照射、電子線照射、火炎処理等の処理を表面フィルムの充填材と接する面に行うことが望ましい。
【００５２】
本発明の太陽電池と電力変換装置とを組み合わせて発電装置とする事ができる。電力変換装置は商用電力との連携機能を備えていてもよい。
【００５３】
【実施例】
以下、実施例により本発明を説明するが、本発明はこれらの実施例に限定されるものではない。
【００５４】
（実施例１）
図1に示す太陽電池モジュールを作製した。ただし、補強板５として図４に示すような端子取り出し箱を接着する領域１２には凹凸形状を形成しない補強板を用いた。凹凸形状の寸法は、図３において凸部の幅aについては７ｍｍ、凸部の高さｂについては１．５ｍｍ、隣接する凸部の中心間距離ｃついては、７ｍｍとして形成した。凹凸の形成はそれぞれが表面に凹凸を有するローラー対でロールプレスすることにより行なった。
【００５５】
ここで、光起電力素子２は厚さ１２５μｍのステンレス基板上にアモルファスシリコン半導体層を形成したアモルファスシリコン光起電力素子、充填材３はＥＶＡ樹脂（エチレン−酢酸ビニル共重体）を厚さ４５０μｍのシート状に形成したものを光起電力素子の表裏に２枚を用い、透光性表面保護フィルム４は厚さ５０μｍのフッ素樹脂フィルム、補強板５は厚さ０．４ｍｍのガルバリウム鋼板を用いた。
【００５６】
予め凹凸形状６が形成されている補強板１３において、端子取り出し用の穴１１をあけるためにプレス成形するときに、上記端子取り出し箱を接着する領域１２を、このプレス型を用いて平滑面に形成し直した。これにより、端子取り出し箱の接着に厚さ０．５ｍｍの構造用両面接着テープを用いることができた。両面接着テープは、実施態様例で用いていたシリコーン接着剤に比べ、乾燥硬化させる時間が必要でない。そのため、生産工程上、太陽電池モジュールを乾燥硬化させるために保管する場所が必要ないなど非常に便利になった。
【００５７】
太陽電池モジュールの作製は従来技術と同様に行なった。図１０、１１に示した治具１８上に離型用テフロンフィルム２３を載置し、その上に一番下に補強板５、その上にシート状の充填材３、光起電力素子２、シート状の充填材３、表面保護フィルム４、と順に積み重ねた積層体２４を載置した。さらにシリコンラバー２５を被せ、この状態で不図示の真空ポンプを動作させ、バルブ２６を開いた。それにより、シリコンラバー２５はＯリング２０と密着して、シリコンラバー２５とＯリング２０と治具１８のアルミニウム製の板との間で密閉された空間が形成され、その中は真空状態となった。これにより、補強板、充填材、光起電力素子、充填材、透光性表面保護フィルムは、シリコンラバー２５を介して、一様に大気圧により治具１８に押し付けられた。凹凸形状を有する補強板を用いることにより、スムースな脱気が行われる為、補強板と充填材との間に気泡が残存することがなかった。
【００５８】
このような状態にある治具を、真空ポンプを動作させ、真空状態を保持したまま加熱炉に投入した。加熱炉内の温度は、上記充填材の融点を超える温度に保持されている。加熱炉内で充填材が融点を超えて柔らかくなり、かつ、十分な接着力発揮するための化学変化が完了する時間が経過した後、加熱炉より、上記真空状態に保持したままの治具を取り出した。これを室温まで冷却した後、真空ポンプの動作を停止し、シリコンラバー２５を取り除くことにより真空状態より開放した。かくして太陽電池モジュールを得ることができた。
【００５９】
（実施例２）
本実施例の太陽電池モジュールは、図５に示すように線状の凹凸形態を有する補強板を用いたことを特徴する以外、実施例１と同様に作製した。図５に示す線状の凹凸形状は、光起電力素子側に凸状である部分１６の幅を７ｍｍ、高さを２ｍｍ、その間隔を１０ｍｍで形成したものである。このとき、凸状である部分１６は、補強リブの働きをするので、この凸状である部分１６の伸長方向に直角となる方向の曲げ剛性が強くなり、太陽電池モジュール全体としての強度が非常に向上した。
【００６０】
（実施例３）
本実施例の太陽電池モジュールは、図６及び７に示すように、補強板１５の光起電力素子を配置する部分１７には凹凸形状を設けないで、該部分に繊維材により構成されたシート部材２８を配置したことを特徴とするもので、それ以外については実施例１と同様に作製した。繊維材により構成されたシート部材２８としては、ガラス繊維により構成された不織布を用いた。この不織布は、線径１０μｍのガラス繊維で、目付け量２０ｇ／ｍ²、厚さ１００μｍに作製されたものである。これにより気泡の残存を防ぎ、且つ完成した太陽電池モジュールの外観を好ましいものにする事ができた。
【００６１】
【発明の効果】
以上説明したように、本発明によれば、光起電力素子を充填材により封止、かつ、補強板上に固定して太陽電池モジュールを作製するときに、充填材と補強板の間で、気泡溜りを形成することがないので、外観での不良品を作製することがなく、生産性を向上させることができた。また、電気性能の低下を引き起こす可能性もなくなり、信頼性も非常に向上した。更に放熱効率を向上させることができた。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】本発明の太陽電池モジュールの断面図。
【図２】本発明の太陽電池モジュールに用いる補強板の一例。
【図３】本発明の太陽電池モジュールに用いる補強板の一例の部分拡大断面図。
【図４】本発明の太陽電池モジュールの実施例１に用いる補強板を示す平面図。
【図５】本発明の太陽電池モジュールの実施例２に用いる補強板を示す平面図。
【図６】本発明の太陽電池モジュールの実施例３に用いる補強板を示す平面図。
【図７】本発明の太陽電池モジュールの実施例３を作製するために、各構成材を重ねている状態を示す部分拡大断面図。
【図８】従来よりの太陽電池モジュールを示す斜視図。
【図９】従来よりの太陽電池モジュールを示す断面図。
【図１０】太陽電池モジュールを樹脂封止するために用いる治具を示す斜視図。
【図１１】太陽電池モジュールを樹脂封止するために、治具上に充填材料を積み重ねたところを示す断面図。
【図１２】補強板と充填材との間に気泡溜りが形成された様子を示す断面図。
【図１３】本発明の建材の例。
【符号の説明】
１太陽電池モジュール
２光起電力素子
３充填材
４表面保護フィルム
５、１３、１４、１５、１０５補強板
６凹凸形状
７フレーム
８端子取り出し箱
９接着剤
１０ケーブル
１１端子取り出し用の穴
１２端子取り出し箱を接着する領域
２８繊維材により構成されたシート部材[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a solar cell module in which a photovoltaic element is sealed with a filler on a reinforcing plate, a manufacturing method thereof, a building material using the solar cell module, a construction method thereof, and a power generation device.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, a solar cell module using a reinforcing plate on the back side of the solar cell module is known. As an example, a versatile solar cell module having the aluminum frame material shown in FIG. 8 will be briefly described below.
[0003]
FIG. 8 is a perspective view showing a conventional solar cell module, and FIG. 9 is a partially enlarged sectional view taken along a section BB ′ in FIG.
[0004]
The configuration of the solar cell module 1 of this example will be described with reference to FIG. The solar cell module 1 of the present invention is obtained by sealing a photovoltaic element 2 with a translucent resin 3. The translucent resin 3 serves as a filler for sealing the photovoltaic element and fixing it on the reinforcing plate. In this example, the solar cell module 1 has a translucent surface protective film 4 on the outermost surface on the light receiving surface side, and has a metal reinforcing plate as the reinforcing plate 105, and each of them has the above-described translucent resin. 3 is bonded and laminated.
[0005]
An aluminum frame 7 is provided on the side of the solar cell module 1. The solar cell module 1 can be fixed at a desired location using this aluminum frame. The electric output of the solar cell module 1 of this example is performed from the cable 10 led out from the terminal take-out box 8 fixed to the reinforcing plate 5 with the adhesive 19.
[0006]
An example of a method for producing a solar cell module by sealing and fixing will be briefly described below. First, the following is prepared as a filling material for sealing and fixing a photovoltaic element to produce a solar cell module.
[0007]
For example, EVA resin (ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer) is formed in a sheet form with a thickness of 450 μm as a filler that covers the front and back surfaces of the photovoltaic element and adheres to the outer filling material. Are prepared as a surface protective film, for example, a fluororesin film having a thickness of 50 μm. As a reinforcing plate provided on the back side of the solar cell module, for example, a galbarium steel plate (55% aluminum / zinc alloy plated steel plate) having a thickness of 0.4 mm is prepared.
[0008]
Here, as the photovoltaic element, for example, an amorphous silicon photovoltaic element is prepared. This is an amorphous silicon semiconductor layer formed on a stainless steel substrate having a thickness of 125 μm.
[0009]
The thus prepared one is sealed and fixed by thermocompression bonding. FIG. 10 is a perspective view showing an example of a sealing and fixing jig, and FIG. 11 shows a process of placing a material for producing a solar cell module on the jig. It is sectional drawing equivalent to 'part. The jig 18 is made of an aluminum plate, on which the photovoltaic element and the material to be filled therewith are mounted. In order to fulfill the function as a jig, the aluminum plate is provided with a groove 19 on the outer side so as to surround a region on which the photovoltaic element and the filler are placed, and the groove 19 has a heat-resistant resin. The O-ring 20 produced by the above is placed. Immediately inside the O-ring 20, an air inlet 21 for making a vacuum is provided, which is connected to a tube 22, and the tube 22 is further connected to a vacuum pump (not shown). The tube 22 is provided with a valve 26.
[0010]
Fabrication of the solar cell module using the jig is performed as follows, for example. First, a release Teflon film 23 is laid on the jig 18. This is to prevent the EVA resin as the filler from protruding and sticking to the jig.
Next, the above prepared items are stacked on the jig 18 as follows. That is, at the bottom, a galvalume steel plate having a thickness of 0.4 mm as a reinforcing plate (manufactured by Daido Steel Co., Ltd .: 55% aluminum / galvanized steel plate) and a sheet having a thickness of 450 μm as a filler were formed thereon. A laminate 24 in which an EVA resin, an amorphous silicon photovoltaic element, the same EVA resin, and a fluororesin film having a thickness of 50 μm are stacked on top is placed on a release Teflon film 23. At this time, the fluororesin film is larger than the EVA resin sheet size. This prevents the filler from sticking out and sticking to other material members, similarly to the case where the release Teflon film 23 is laid at the bottom. Finally, the silicon rubber 25 is placed on the stacked layers. This completes the material stacking on the jig 18.
[0011]
In this state, a vacuum pump (not shown) is operated to open the valve 26. Then, the silicon rubber 25 is in close contact with the O-ring 20 to form a sealed space between the silicon rubber 25, the O-ring 20, and the aluminum plate of the jig 18, and the inside is in a vacuum state. As a result, the reinforcing plate, the filler, the photovoltaic element, the filler, and the translucent surface protective film are uniformly pressed against the jig 18 by the atmospheric pressure through the silicon rubber 25.
[0012]
The jig in such a state is put into the heating furnace while the vacuum pump is operated, that is, while maintaining the vacuum state. The temperature in the heating furnace is maintained at a temperature exceeding the melting point of the filler. A jig that is kept in the above vacuum state from the heating furnace after the time when the chemical change for demonstrating sufficient adhesive force is completed and the filler becomes softer than the melting point in the heating furnace. Take out. After cooling this to room temperature, the operation of the vacuum pump is stopped, and the silicon rubber 25 is removed to release the vacuum state. Thus, a solar cell module can be obtained.
[0013]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In this way, a solar cell module is manufactured. When vacuuming is performed after stacking the above materials, the air between the galvanium steel plate as the reinforcing plate and the EVA resin as the filler is removed with a vacuum pump. There is a problem that it cannot be completely absorbed.
[0014]
That is, as shown in FIG. 12, other portions may be in close contact with part of the space between the EVA resin 3 serving as the filler and the galvalume steel plate 105 serving as the reinforcing plate while the air 27 is taken in. This often occurs, for example, when the EVA resin absorbs moisture and the surface of the reinforcing plate is very smooth. Once in such a state, the solar cell module is sealed and fixed as it is without being able to absorb the air 27 in this portion no matter how much it is sucked by the vacuum pump. As a result, a bubble reservoir where the EVA resin and the reinforcing plate are not in close contact with each other is generated.
[0015]
On the other hand, there is an increasing demand for a solar cell module having a large area due to market demand, but this problem becomes more prominent when a large-sized and large area solar cell module is manufactured. By increasing the size and area of the solar cell module, the distance from the center to the end of the solar cell module becomes longer. For this reason, the resistance when the air is extracted is greatly increased. Even in the case of solar cell modules that have been free from the problem of the occurrence of the bubble reservoir until now, this problem has arisen when simply trying to increase the size in response to market demands.
[0016]
If this bubble reservoir is large, the appearance will be significantly impaired and it will not be possible to ship as a product, which is a factor that lowers the yield rate of production, resulting in an increase in production cost. There is a problem.
[0017]
On the other hand, in the case where the bubble reservoir is small and on the back side of the photovoltaic element, there is a problem that it cannot be found by appearance inspection before product shipment. The fact that it cannot be found by appearance inspection means that there is no problem in appearance in the initial state. However, while the solar cell module is used for a long period of time, the air in the small bubble reservoir portion repeatedly expands and contracts, so that it may grow into a large bubble reservoir portion. Then, it becomes a problem in appearance. Further, in the process of growth, a phenomenon such as dew condensation may occur in the bubble reservoir, and moisture may be accumulated. In that case, there is a problem that the moisture may penetrate into the photovoltaic element, which may reduce the electrical performance of the photovoltaic element.
[0018]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
  The present invention relates to a solar cell module in which a photovoltaic element is sealed with a filler on a reinforcing plate, and an uneven shape formed by plastic deformation on at least a part of the surface of the reinforcing plate on the photovoltaic element side. And the gap between the irregular shape and the photovoltaic element is filled with the filler.And the portion of the reinforcing plate where the photovoltaic elements are arranged has no uneven shapeA solar cell module is provided.In the solar cell module in which the photovoltaic element is sealed with a filler on the reinforcing plate, at least a part of the surface of the reinforcing element on the photovoltaic element side is formed by plastic deformation. Between the uneven shape and the photovoltaic element is filled with the filler, and a sheet member made of fiber material is disposed in contact with the reinforcing plate, the sheet member is Provided is a solar cell module characterized by not reaching the end of a reinforcing plate.
[0019]
  In the solar cell module in which the photovoltaic element is sealed with a filler on the reinforcing plate, the present invention has an uneven shape on at least a part of the surface of the reinforcing plate on the photovoltaic element side. ,There is no uneven shape in the portion where the photovoltaic element of the reinforcing plate is arranged,What is claimed is: 1. A solar cell module, wherein the width of the concavo-convex convex part and the distance between the centers of adjacent convex parts are 0.1 mm or more and 50 mm or less, and the height of the convex part is 0.1 mm or more and 10 mm or less. provide.In the solar cell module in which the photovoltaic element is sealed with a filler on the reinforcing plate, the present invention has an uneven shape on at least a part of the surface of the reinforcing plate on the photovoltaic element side. The space between the concavo-convex shape and the photovoltaic element is filled with the filler, and the width of the convex portion of the concavo-convex shape and the distance between the centers of adjacent convex portions are not less than 0.1 mm and not more than 50 mm. The height of the portion is 0.1 mm or more and 10 mm or less, a sheet member made of a fiber material is disposed in contact with the reinforcing plate, and the sheet member does not reach the end of the reinforcing plate A solar cell module is provided.
[0020]
  Furthermore, the present invention provides a solar cell module in which a photovoltaic element is sealed with a filler on a reinforcing plate, and at least part of the surface of the reinforcing plate on the photovoltaic element side has a linear uneven shape. HaveThere is no uneven shape in the portion where the photovoltaic element of the reinforcing plate is arranged,A solar cell module is provided in which a space between the uneven shape and the photovoltaic element is filled with the filler.In the solar cell module in which the photovoltaic element is sealed with a filler on the reinforcing plate, the present invention provides a linear uneven shape on at least a part of the surface of the reinforcing plate on the photovoltaic element side. A sheet member made of a fiber material is disposed in contact with the reinforcing plate, the sheet member being disposed between the concave and convex shape and the photovoltaic element. A solar cell module is provided that does not reach the end of the solar cell module.
[0021]
  Further, the present invention provides a method of laminating at least a thermoplastic resin sheet member and a photovoltaic element on a reinforcing plate having irregularities on the surface, between the reinforcing plate and the thermoplastic resin sheet member, and the thermoplastic resin. A method for producing a solar cell module, comprising: heating a resin sheet member and the photovoltaic element while degassing them and fixing them closely to each otherIn the method for manufacturing a solar cell module, the portion of the reinforcing plate on which the photovoltaic element is disposed does not have an uneven shape.I will provide a.Further, the present invention provides a method of laminating at least a thermoplastic resin sheet member and a photovoltaic element on a reinforcing plate having irregularities on the surface, between the reinforcing plate and the thermoplastic resin sheet member, and the heat A method of manufacturing a building material, characterized in that heating is performed while deaeration between a sheet member of a plastic resin and the photovoltaic element, and they are firmly fixed to each other, and is constituted by a fiber material in contact with the reinforcing plate A sheet material is provided, and the sheet member does not reach the end of the reinforcing plate.
[0022]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
With reference to FIG. 1, the structure of an example of the suitable aspect of the solar cell module 1 of this invention is described. The solar cell module 1 of the present invention is obtained by sealing a photovoltaic element 2 with a translucent resin 3. The translucent resin 3 serves as a filler for sealing the photovoltaic element and fixing it on the reinforcing plate, and a thermoplastic sheet member can be used. In this example, a translucent surface protective film 4 is provided on the outermost surface on the light receiving surface side, and a reinforcing plate 5 is provided on the back surface, and these are bonded by the translucent resin (filler) 3. It is sealed.
[0023]
A frame 7 is provided on the side of the solar cell module 1, and the frame 7 can be used to fix the frame 7 to a desired place. The electrical output of the solar cell module of this example is performed from the cable 10 led out from the terminal extraction box 8. The terminal take-out box 8 is fixed to the reinforcing plate 5 with an adhesive 9.
[0024]
An uneven shape 6 is formed on the surface of the reinforcing plate 5. FIG. 2 is an example of a concavo-convex shape, in which a plurality of convex regions are formed on the photovoltaic element side of the reinforcing plate 5. 3 is a partially enlarged cross-sectional view of the AA ′ cross section of FIG. In the figure, a is the width of the convex portion, b is the height of the convex portion, and c is the distance between the centers of the adjacent convex portions. Such a concavo-convex shape can be formed by causing plastic deformation, for example, and can be formed by press molding when the reinforcing plate is a metal. In the case of a plastic plate, it can also be formed by curing using a mold having an uneven shape.
[0025]
By forming the concavo-convex shape on the reinforcing plate 5, when a photovoltaic element is sealed and produced, a bubble pool is formed between the filler 3 and the reinforcing plate 5 to be in close contact with each other. Can be prevented. The reason is that, since the reinforcing plate has an uneven shape, when the reinforcing plate and the filler sheet are brought into close contact with each other, it is difficult to hold a bubble pool, and it is easy to vent air along the uneven shape. Thereby, the yield in production of the solar cell module can be greatly improved. Further, there is no possibility of deterioration of the electrical performance of the photovoltaic element due to bubbles, and the reliability is greatly improved.
[0026]
Moreover, compared with the case where a reinforcement board is a smooth surface, a contact area with a filler increases by having an uneven | corrugated shape, and it leads to the increase in adhesive force. Thereby, the possibility that the reinforcing plate and the filler are peeled off becomes very small, and long-term reliability is improved.
[0027]
Furthermore, the surface area of the back surface of the solar cell module can be increased because the reinforcing plate has an uneven shape on the surface opposite to the photovoltaic element. Thereby, the thermal radiation efficiency of a solar cell module can be improved. In particular, when a solar cell module is installed as shown in FIG. 13C to be described later and the air passing through the separation surface of the module is used as a thermal energy source, the high heat dissipation efficiency of the module is a great advantage. .
[0028]
In addition, it is preferable that the width | variety of the convex part of a reinforcement board (a of FIG. 3) and the center distance (c of FIG. 3) of an adjacent convex part are 0.1 mm or more and 50 mm or less, and are 1 mm or more and 10 mm or less. It is more preferable. Further, the height of the convex portion (b in FIG. 3) is preferably from 0.1 mm to 10 mm, and more preferably from 0.5 mm to 5 mm. If the unevenness is larger than this range, the air may be difficult to escape. Further, if the unevenness is smaller than this range, the heat dissipation efficiency may be lowered.
[0029]
Finally, the terminal output box 8 and the cable 10 for electrical output are attached to the solar cell module produced as described above. Briefly, it is as follows. A hole 11 as shown in FIG. 2 is formed in advance in a portion corresponding to the terminal extraction portion of the reinforcing plate 5. In addition, the terminal portion is exposed to the outside from the hole 11 in advance at the time of sealing. Using this hole 11, the terminal portion of the photovoltaic element 2 and the cable 10 are soldered to perform electrical output. At that time, the terminal extraction box 8 is attached for the purpose of protecting the terminal extraction portion and waterproofing. The terminal take-out box 8 and the reinforcing plate 5 are bonded with, for example, a silicone adhesive 9. At the same time, the waterproof property between the reinforcing plate and the terminal take-out box is secured. The reinforcing plate has a concavo-convex shape in the bonding portion region of the terminal take-out box, but the silicone adhesive absorbs the concavo-convex shape and adheres securely.
[0030]
FIG. 4 shows an example of a reinforcing plate having no uneven shape in the bonding region of the terminal take-out box. Thereby, the following effects can be expected, and the electrical reliability of the solar cell module is also improved.
{Circle around (1)} Since it is not necessary to absorb the uneven shape and bond it, various members can be selected as the members to be bonded.
(2) Even if the force that peels the terminal pick-up box works by pulling the cable connected to the terminal pick-up box, there is no unevenness on the adhesive surface, so stress concentration of the peeling force occurs at the convex part etc. There is no such thing, and the peel strength of the terminal take-out box is strong.
[0031]
The method of sealing the photovoltaic element with the filler and fixing it to the reinforcing plate can be the same as the manufacturing method in the conventional example. In addition, it is preferable to cut off the filler 3 and the translucent surface protective film 4 protruding from the reinforcing plate 5.
[0032]
By employing this manufacturing method, it is possible to easily increase the size of the apparatus while using an apparatus with a simple configuration as a manufacturing apparatus. When the apparatus can be easily increased in size as described above, the solar cell module that can be manufactured can be easily increased in size and area, and various demands can be met. That is, the problem at the time of extracting the air between the members which arises with the enlargement and area increase of the solar cell module can be solved by using the means of the present invention.
[0033]
Each component will be described below.
[0034]
(Reinforcement plate 5)
There is no limitation in particular about the reinforcement board used for the back surface side of the solar cell module of this invention except having at least one part of the surface by the side of a photovoltaic element. However, the shape of the reinforcing plate is preferably a plate-like material, and examples of the material include carbon fiber, FRP (glass fiber reinforced plastic), ceramic, glass, and the like, and particularly preferably a metal plate is used. Is.
[0035]
The use of a metal plate has the following advantages.
(1) It is easy to form an uneven shape. For example, it can be easily formed by pressing with a mold having a desired uneven shape.
(2) Since it has flexibility, it is possible to obtain a solar cell module that can be fixed to a curved portion.
{Circle around (3)} By applying a bending process or drilling process to the side part, the solar cell module can be fixed using that part.
(4) A solar cell integrated building material can be formed by bending.
[0036]
At this time, the metal material is preferably excellent in weather resistance, corrosion resistance, and bending workability. For example, a galvanized steel sheet, a steel sheet further having a weather resistant material such as a fluororesin or vinyl chloride, a stainless steel sheet and the like may be used.
[0037]
FIG. 13 shows an example of a shape obtained by processing a reinforcing plate as a roofing material. FIG. 13A is a schematic perspective view of a roof material in which the ridge side locking portion 31 and the eaves side locking portion 32 are assembled together, and FIG. 13B is a fixing member 34 fixed on the base plate 33. FIG. 13C is a schematic perspective view showing a part of the roofing material into which the locking part 35 is inserted, and FIG. 13C shows a part of the roofing material in which the locking part 36 between the adjacent roofing materials is locked by the cap 37. It is a typical perspective view which shows this. A photovoltaic element 30 is provided on the light receiving surface of each roof material. In the roofing material shown in FIG. 13 (a), first, the eaves-side locking portion 32 of the first roofing material is fixed to the field plate with a fixing member such as a hanging member, and the same second as the ridge-side locking portion 31 is used. The roof material is assembled, and the work of fixing the eaves-side locking portion 32 of the second roof material with a suspension is repeated.
[0038]
(Uneven shape 6 formed on the reinforcing plate)
The uneven | corrugated shape provided in the reinforcement board of the solar cell module of this invention is not specifically limited. However, it is preferable that the concavo-convex shape is formed up to the end of the reinforcing plate. Thereby, it becomes the structure which is hard to make a bubble pool, without closing the way through which air passes on the way.
[0039]
The uneven shape may be the shape shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, but a linear uneven shape as shown in FIG. 5 is more preferable. Due to the linear uneven shape, when the air between the members is extracted, the direction of the extraction can be made in accordance with the intention of the creator. For example, when a solar cell module is manufactured using an elongated rectangular reinforcing plate, if the air is extracted in the short side direction, the distance for extracting the air is shorter and the resistance is smaller. Therefore, by forming linear irregularities approximately parallel to the short side direction of the reinforcing plate, air passes in parallel with the irregularities as a path, and the deaeration performance is further improved.
[0040]
In addition, since the linear unevenness extends in the same direction, the linear unevenness acts as a reinforcing rib, and the force to bend in a direction perpendicular to the extending direction of the linear unevenness. The bending rigidity is improved, and the strength of the entire solar cell module is improved. Thus, in the past, in order to assist the bending rigidity of the solar cell module, a frame material or the like was provided on the side portion of the solar cell module. However, it is not necessary in the direction parallel to the extending direction of the unevenness, and the cost is reduced. be able to.
[0041]
FIG. 6 shows another example of the uneven shape. In FIG. 6, a range 17 indicated by a dotted line is a portion where the photovoltaic element 2 is arranged, and there is no uneven shape 6 in this range, and the uneven shape 6 is formed in the outer region.
[0042]
FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of a member constituting the solar cell module having the reinforcing plate having the shape of FIG. 6 before sealing. In FIG. 7, the sheet member 28 made of a fiber material is disposed between the reinforcing plate 15 and the filler 3 so as to cover the region where the photovoltaic element 2 is disposed and the uneven shape portion outside thereof. Yes.
[0043]
Thereby, the uneven shape does not affect the photovoltaic element. For example, even when a non-flexible photovoltaic element such as a crystalline silicon photovoltaic element is used, an accident that breaks when pressed at atmospheric pressure does not occur. In addition, in a photovoltaic element having flexibility such as an amorphous silicon photovoltaic element formed on a stainless steel substrate, the uneven shape of the reinforcing plate may appear to reflect the photovoltaic element. Depending on the person, the design may be unpreferable and may be disliked, but according to the present embodiment, the uneven pattern is not seen, and a beautiful solar cell module can be obtained even in design. .
[0044]
On the other hand, since the back surface side of the photovoltaic element has no uneven shape, it is inferior in the ease of air removal, but the function of the sheet member 28 made of fiber material facilitates air escape. It has improved. The sheet member 28 is interposed between the reinforcing plate 15 and the filler 3, thereby preventing the reinforcing plate 15 and the filler 3 from coming into close contact with each other and providing a gap between the fiber materials as a path for air to escape. Is. It is desirable that the fibrous sheet member 28 does not reach the end of the reinforcing plate 15. When the fibrous sheet member 28 reaches the end of the reinforcing plate 15, the end can serve as a moisture intrusion path, which may impair the reliability of the photovoltaic element 2. At the end portion where the sheet member 28 is not provided, the rugged shape 6 of the reinforcing plate 15 ensures air evacuation.
[0045]
(Photovoltaic element 2)
There is no particular limitation on the photovoltaic element 2 in the solar cell module of the present invention. Examples thereof include crystalline silicon photovoltaic elements, polycrystalline silicon photovoltaic elements, microcrystalline silicon photovoltaic elements, amorphous silicon photovoltaic elements, copper indium selenide photovoltaic elements, compound semiconductor photovoltaic elements, etc. Is mentioned. A photovoltaic element having flexibility is preferable, and an amorphous silicon photovoltaic element formed on a stainless steel substrate is particularly preferable. By using a photovoltaic element having flexibility, even if the photovoltaic element is placed on the concavo-convex shape of the reinforcing plate and pressed by the atmospheric pressure in the manufacturing process as described above, No accidents that would break.
[0046]
By using an amorphous silicon photovoltaic element formed on a stainless steel substrate as a flexible photovoltaic element, for example, it is more rigid than a photovoltaic element using a film as a substrate. Therefore, it is easy to form a gap with the filler, and a passage for air when the air between the members is extracted is secured, so that the deaeration performance is further improved.
[0047]
(Filler 3)
The filler 3 protects the device from harsh external environments such as temperature change, humidity, and impact, and ensures adhesion between the surface film and / or the reinforcing material and the device. Materials include ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA), ethylene-methyl acrylate copolymer (EMA), ethylene-ethyl acrylate copolymer (EEA), polyolefin resin such as butyral resin, urethane resin, silicone Resin etc. are mentioned. Especially, EVA is used suitably for a solar cell use. In the case of EVA, it is common to crosslink with an organic peroxide.
[0048]
In order to ensure insulation between the photovoltaic element 2 and the reinforcing plate 5, an insulating film may be provided by being laminated with a filler. Examples of the material include nylon, polyethylene terephthalate, and polycarbonate. By using the above-described filler, for example, a material in which EVA, EEA, or the like is integrally laminated in advance on both surfaces of the insulating film, the process of arranging the filler on the back surface can be simplified.
[0049]
(Sheet member 28 made of fiber material)
In order to assist deaeration, a glass fiber nonwoven fabric, a glass fiber woven fabric, etc. can be illustrated as a sheet | seat member comprised by the fiber material arrange | positioned in the part without an unevenness | corrugation of a reinforcement board. The glass fiber nonwoven fabric is more preferable because it has a lower cost, and when a thermoplastic resin is used as the filler, the space between the glass fibers can be easily filled with the thermoplastic resin.
[0050]
This fiber material may also be provided between the photovoltaic element 2 and the surface protective film 4. As a result, the scratch resistance can be improved, and the photovoltaic element can be sufficiently protected from the external environment with a small amount of resin.
[0051]
(Surface protection film 4)
The surface film ensures long-term reliability in outdoor exposure of solar cell modules. Examples of the material include a fluororesin and an acrylic resin. Of these, fluororesins are preferred because they are excellent in weather resistance and stain resistance. Specifically, there are polyvinylidene fluoride resin, polyvinyl fluoride resin, tetrafluoroethylene-ethylene copolymer, and the like. Polyvinylidene fluoride resin is excellent from the viewpoint of weather resistance, but tetrafluoroethylene-ethylene copolymer is excellent from the viewpoint of compatibility between weather resistance and mechanical strength and transparency. In order to improve the adhesion to the filler 103, it is desirable to perform a treatment such as corona treatment, plasma treatment, ozone treatment, UV irradiation, electron beam irradiation, flame treatment, etc. on the surface of the surface film in contact with the filler.
[0052]
The solar cell of the present invention and the power conversion device can be combined into a power generation device. The power conversion device may have a function of cooperating with commercial power.
[0053]
【Example】
EXAMPLES Hereinafter, although an Example demonstrates this invention, this invention is not limited to these Examples.
[0054]
Example 1
The solar cell module shown in FIG. 1 was produced. However, a reinforcing plate that does not form an uneven shape is used as the reinforcing plate 5 in the region 12 to which the terminal extraction box as shown in FIG. In FIG. 3, the dimensions of the concavo-convex shape were 7 mm for the width a of the convex portion, 1.5 mm for the height b of the convex portion, and 7 mm for the distance c between the centers of adjacent convex portions. The irregularities were formed by roll pressing with a pair of rollers each having irregularities on the surface.
[0055]
Here, the photovoltaic element 2 is an amorphous silicon photovoltaic element in which an amorphous silicon semiconductor layer is formed on a 125 μm thick stainless steel substrate, and the filler 3 is made of EVA resin (ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer) having a thickness of 450 μm. Two sheets formed in the form of a sheet were used for the front and back sides of the photovoltaic element, the translucent surface protective film 4 was a fluororesin film having a thickness of 50 μm, and the reinforcing plate 5 was a galbarium steel plate having a thickness of 0.4 mm. .
[0056]
In the reinforcing plate 13 in which the concavo-convex shape 6 is formed in advance, when the press molding is performed to make the hole 11 for taking out the terminal, the region 12 to which the terminal take-out box is bonded is formed on a smooth surface by using this press die. Re-formed. Thereby, the structural double-sided adhesive tape having a thickness of 0.5 mm could be used for bonding the terminal take-out box. The double-sided adhesive tape does not require time for drying and curing as compared with the silicone adhesive used in the embodiment. For this reason, it has become very convenient, for example, that a storage place is not required for drying and curing the solar cell module in the production process.
[0057]
The solar cell module was manufactured in the same manner as in the prior art. A release Teflon film 23 is placed on a jig 18 shown in FIGS. 10 and 11, a reinforcing plate 5 is placed on the bottom, a sheet-like filler 3 is placed thereon, a photovoltaic element 2, The laminated body 24 which laminated | stacked in order with the sheet-like filler 3 and the surface protection film 4 was mounted. Further, a silicon rubber 25 was put on, and in this state, a vacuum pump (not shown) was operated to open the valve 26. As a result, the silicon rubber 25 is in close contact with the O-ring 20, and a sealed space is formed between the silicon rubber 25, the O-ring 20 and the aluminum plate of the jig 18, and the inside thereof is in a vacuum state. It was. As a result, the reinforcing plate, the filler, the photovoltaic element, the filler, and the translucent surface protective film were uniformly pressed against the jig 18 by the atmospheric pressure through the silicon rubber 25. By using a reinforcing plate having an uneven shape, smooth deaeration is performed, so that no bubbles remain between the reinforcing plate and the filler.
[0058]
The jig in such a state was put into a heating furnace while maintaining the vacuum state by operating the vacuum pump. The temperature in the heating furnace is maintained at a temperature exceeding the melting point of the filler. After the filling material has become softer than the melting point in the heating furnace and the time for completing the chemical change for exhibiting sufficient adhesive force has passed, the jig that is kept in the vacuum state is removed from the heating furnace. I took it out. After cooling this to room temperature, the operation of the vacuum pump was stopped, and the silicon rubber 25 was removed to release the vacuum state. Thus, a solar cell module could be obtained.
[0059]
(Example 2)
The solar cell module of this example was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that a reinforcing plate having a linear uneven shape was used as shown in FIG. The linear concavo-convex shape shown in FIG. 5 is formed by forming the convex portion 16 on the photovoltaic element side with a width of 7 mm, a height of 2 mm, and an interval of 10 mm. At this time, since the convex portion 16 functions as a reinforcing rib, the bending rigidity in the direction perpendicular to the extending direction of the convex portion 16 is increased, and the overall strength of the solar cell module is extremely high. Improved.
[0060]
(Example 3)
As shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, the solar cell module of this example is a sheet made of fiber material in the portion 17 where the photovoltaic element of the reinforcing plate 15 is not provided with an uneven shape. The member 28 is arranged, and the other parts were produced in the same manner as in Example 1. As the sheet member 28 made of a fiber material, a nonwoven fabric made of glass fiber was used. This non-woven fabric is a glass fiber having a wire diameter of 10 μm and a basis weight of 20 g / m.², Produced to a thickness of 100 μm. As a result, it was possible to prevent air bubbles from remaining and to improve the appearance of the completed solar cell module.
[0061]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, when the photovoltaic element is sealed with a filler and fixed on the reinforcing plate to produce a solar cell module, a bubble pool is formed between the filler and the reinforcing plate. Therefore, it was possible to improve productivity without producing defective products in appearance. In addition, there is no possibility of causing a decrease in electrical performance, and the reliability is greatly improved. Furthermore, the heat dissipation efficiency could be improved.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a solar cell module of the present invention.
FIG. 2 shows an example of a reinforcing plate used in the solar cell module of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a partially enlarged cross-sectional view of an example of a reinforcing plate used in the solar cell module of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a plan view showing a reinforcing plate used in Example 1 of the solar cell module of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a plan view showing a reinforcing plate used in Example 2 of the solar cell module of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a plan view showing a reinforcing plate used in Example 3 of the solar cell module of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a partial enlarged cross-sectional view showing a state in which the respective constituent materials are stacked in order to fabricate Example 3 of the solar cell module of the present invention.
FIG. 8 is a perspective view showing a conventional solar cell module.
FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view showing a conventional solar cell module.
FIG. 10 is a perspective view showing a jig used for resin-sealing a solar cell module.
FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view showing a filling material stacked on a jig for resin-sealing a solar cell module.
FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view showing a state where a bubble pool is formed between a reinforcing plate and a filler.
FIG. 13 shows an example of a building material according to the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 Solar cell module
2 Photovoltaic element
3 Filler
4 Surface protection film
5, 13, 14, 15, 105 Reinforcing plate
6 Uneven shape
7 frames
8 Terminal take-out box
9 Adhesive
10 cables
11 Contact hole
12 Area for bonding the terminal pick-up box
28 Sheet member made of fiber material

Claims

In the solar cell module in which the photovoltaic element is sealed on the reinforcing plate with a filler, it has an uneven shape formed by plastic deformation on at least a part of the surface on the photovoltaic element side of the reinforcing plate. The solar cell module is characterized in that a space between the concavo-convex shape and the photovoltaic element is filled with the filler, and there is no concavo-convex shape in a portion of the reinforcing plate where the photovoltaic element is disposed .

The solar cell module according to claim 1, wherein a thermoplastic resin sheet member is used as the filler.

The solar cell module according to claim 1, wherein the irregular shape is a linear irregularity.

The solar cell module according to claim 1, wherein the photovoltaic element has flexibility.

5. The solar cell module according to claim 4, wherein the photovoltaic element having flexibility is an amorphous silicon photovoltaic element formed on a stainless steel substrate.

The solar cell module according to claim 1, wherein at least a part of the concavo-convex shape reaches the end of the reinforcing plate.

2. The solar cell module according to claim 1, wherein the non-light-receiving surface side of the reinforcing plate does not have an uneven shape at least in a region corresponding to an adhesive portion of the terminal extraction box.

Of the reinforcing plate, in contact with the uneven portion without, it is arranged a sheet member made of a fibrous material, and solar cell according to claim 1, characterized in that the irregularities are overlapped on a part of the portion of module.

The solar cell module according to claim 1, further comprising an insulating member between the reinforcing plate and the photovoltaic element.

At least a thermoplastic resin sheet member and a photovoltaic element are laminated on a reinforcing plate having irregularities on the surface, and between the reinforcing plate and the thermoplastic resin sheet member, and the thermoplastic resin sheet member A method of manufacturing a solar cell module , wherein the photovoltaic element is heated while deaeration between the photovoltaic elements and fixed to each other , wherein a portion of the reinforcing plate where the photovoltaic elements are disposed The manufacturing method of the solar cell module characterized by not having uneven | corrugated shape .

The method of manufacturing a solar cell module according to claim 10 , wherein the uneven shape is a linear unevenness.

The method for manufacturing a solar cell module according to claim 10, wherein the photovoltaic element has flexibility.

The method for producing a solar cell module according to claim 12 , wherein the photovoltaic element having flexibility is an amorphous silicon photovoltaic element formed on a stainless steel substrate.

The method for manufacturing a solar cell module according to claim 10 , wherein at least a part of the uneven shape reaches the end of the reinforcing plate.

The method for manufacturing a solar cell module according to claim 10 , wherein the non-light-receiving surface side of the reinforcing plate has no uneven shape at least in a region corresponding to the bonding portion of the terminal take-out box.

The solar cell according to claim 10, wherein a sheet member made of a fiber material is disposed in contact with a portion of the reinforcing plate that does not have an uneven shape, and overlaps a part of the portion having an uneven shape. Module manufacturing method.

The region corresponding to the adhesive portion of the terminal take-out box is formed in a smooth shape by the punching die when the hole for taking out the terminal is punched into the reinforcing plate by a press molding machine. Manufacturing method of solar cell module.

The method for manufacturing a solar cell module according to claim 10 , further comprising an insulating member between the reinforcing plate and the photovoltaic element.

In a building material in which a photovoltaic element is sealed on a reinforcing plate with a filler, at least part of the surface of the reinforcing plate on the photovoltaic element side has an uneven shape, and the uneven shape and the photovoltaic power The building material is characterized in that the space between the elements is filled with the filler, and the portion of the reinforcing plate where the photovoltaic elements are disposed does not have an uneven shape .

The building material according to claim 19 is fixed on a base plate with a fixing member,
And the construction material construction method characterized by fixing the said adjacent building materials.

At least a thermoplastic resin sheet member and a photovoltaic element are laminated on a reinforcing plate having irregularities on the surface, and between the reinforcing plate and the thermoplastic resin sheet member, and the thermoplastic resin sheet member A method of manufacturing a building material , wherein the photovoltaic device is heated while degassing while being closely adhered to each other, and the portion of the reinforcing plate on which the photovoltaic device is disposed has an uneven shape. A method for producing a building material, characterized in that there is no material .

A power generator comprising the solar cell module according to claim 1 and a power converter connected to the solar cell module.

In the solar cell module in which the photovoltaic element is sealed on the reinforcing plate with a filler, at least part of the surface of the reinforcing plate on the photovoltaic element side has an uneven shape, and the uneven shape and the The space between the photovoltaic elements is filled with the filler, and the portion of the reinforcing plate where the photovoltaic elements are arranged has no uneven shape, and the width of the convex portion of the uneven shape and the adjacent convex portion A solar cell module, wherein a center-to-center distance is 0.1 mm or more and 50 mm or less, and a height of the convex portion is 0.1 mm or more and 10 mm or less.

24. The solar cell module according to claim 23 , wherein a thermoplastic resin sheet member is used as the filler.

The solar cell module according to claim 23 , wherein the irregular shape is a linear irregularity.

24. The solar cell module according to claim 23, wherein the photovoltaic element has flexibility.

27. The solar cell module according to claim 26 , wherein the photovoltaic element having flexibility is an amorphous silicon photovoltaic element formed on a stainless steel substrate.

24. The solar cell module according to claim 23 , wherein at least a part of the uneven shape reaches the end of the reinforcing plate.

24. The solar cell module according to claim 23 , wherein the non-light-receiving surface side of the reinforcing plate does not have an uneven shape at least in a region corresponding to the bonding portion of the terminal take-out box.

24. The solar cell according to claim 23, wherein a sheet member made of a fiber material is disposed in contact with a portion of the reinforcing plate that does not have an uneven shape, and overlaps a part of the portion having an uneven shape. module.

The solar cell module according to claim 23 , further comprising an insulating member between the reinforcing plate and the photovoltaic element.

In the solar cell module in which the photovoltaic element is sealed on the reinforcing plate with a filler, at least a part of the surface of the reinforcing plate on the photovoltaic element side has a linear uneven shape, and the unevenness The solar cell module is characterized in that the space between the shape and the photovoltaic element is filled with the filler, and the portion of the reinforcing plate where the photovoltaic element is disposed has no uneven shape .

The solar cell module according to claim 32 , wherein a thermoplastic resin sheet member is used as the filler.

The solar cell module according to claim 32, wherein the photovoltaic element has flexibility.

35. The solar cell module according to claim 34 , wherein the photovoltaic element having flexibility is an amorphous silicon photovoltaic element formed on a stainless steel substrate.

33. The solar cell module according to claim 32 , wherein at least part of the uneven shape reaches the end of the reinforcing plate.

33. The solar cell module according to claim 32 , wherein the non-light-receiving surface side of the reinforcing plate does not have an uneven shape at least in a region corresponding to the bonding portion of the terminal take-out box.

33. The solar cell according to claim 32, wherein a sheet member made of a fiber material is disposed in contact with a portion of the reinforcing plate that does not have an uneven shape, and overlaps a part of the portion having an uneven shape. module.

The solar cell module according to claim 32 , further comprising an insulating member between the reinforcing plate and the photovoltaic element.

In the solar cell module in which the photovoltaic element is sealed on the reinforcing plate with a filler, it has an uneven shape formed by plastic deformation on at least a part of the surface on the photovoltaic element side of the reinforcing plate. The space between the uneven shape and the photovoltaic element is filled with the filler, and a sheet member made of a fiber material is disposed in contact with the reinforcing plate, and the sheet member is an end portion of the reinforcing plate. The solar cell module characterized by not reaching to.

At least a thermoplastic resin sheet member and a photovoltaic element are laminated on a reinforcing plate having irregularities on the surface, and between the reinforcing plate and the thermoplastic resin sheet member, and the thermoplastic resin sheet member A method for manufacturing a solar cell module, wherein the photovoltaic element is heated while deaeration between the photovoltaic elements and fixed to each other, wherein a sheet member made of a fiber material is in contact with the reinforcing plate. The method for manufacturing a solar cell module, wherein the solar cell module is disposed and the sheet member does not reach an end of the reinforcing plate.

In a building material in which a photovoltaic element is sealed on a reinforcing plate with a filler, at least part of the surface of the reinforcing plate on the photovoltaic element side has an uneven shape, and the uneven shape and the photovoltaic power The space between the elements is filled with the filler, and a sheet member made of a fiber material is disposed in contact with the reinforcing plate, and the sheet member does not reach the end of the reinforcing plate. Building materials to do.

The building material according to claim 42 is fixed on a field plate with a fixing member,
And the construction method of the building material characterized by fixing the said adjacent building materials.

At least a thermoplastic resin sheet member and a photovoltaic element are laminated on a reinforcing plate having irregularities on the surface, and between the reinforcing plate and the thermoplastic resin sheet member, and the thermoplastic resin sheet member A method for manufacturing a building material, wherein the photovoltaic device is heated while deaeration while being deaerated, and fixed to each other, wherein a sheet member made of a fiber material is disposed in contact with the reinforcing plate The method for manufacturing a building material, wherein the sheet member does not reach the end of the reinforcing plate.

41. A power generation device comprising: the solar cell module according to claim 40; and a power conversion device connected to the solar cell module.

In the solar cell module in which the photovoltaic element is sealed on the reinforcing plate with a filler, at least part of the surface of the reinforcing plate on the photovoltaic element side has an uneven shape, and the uneven shape and the The space between the photovoltaic elements is filled with the filler, the width of the convex portion of the concave-convex shape and the distance between the centers of adjacent convex portions are 0.1 mm or more and 50 mm or less, and the height of the convex portion is 0. 1 to 10 mm, a solar cell module comprising a sheet member made of a fiber material in contact with the reinforcing plate, and the sheet member does not reach the end of the reinforcing plate.

In the solar cell module in which the photovoltaic element is sealed on the reinforcing plate with a filler, at least a part of the surface on the photovoltaic element side of the reinforcing plate has a linear uneven shape, and the unevenness The space between the shape and the photovoltaic element is filled with the filler, and a sheet member made of a fiber material is disposed in contact with the reinforcing plate, and the sheet member reaches the end of the reinforcing plate. Solar cell module characterized by not.