JP3655607B2

JP3655607B2 - Fireproof boards, firewalls, firepillars, and fireproof covering structures for beams

Info

Publication number: JP3655607B2
Application number: JP2002313591A
Authority: JP
Inventors: 浩之中野; 茂荒井; 明福田; 司高田; 栄記広瀬; 光男今井; 明彦小玉; 貞宏柴田
Original assignee: ASAHIKIZAI CO.,LTD; KABUSHIKI KAISHA IMAI; Takenaka Corp
Current assignee: ASAHIKIZAI CO.,LTD; KABUSHIKI KAISHA IMAI; Takenaka Corp
Priority date: 2002-10-29
Filing date: 2002-10-29
Publication date: 2005-06-02
Anticipated expiration: 2022-10-29
Also published as: JP2004150052A

Description

【０００１】
【発明の利用分野】
本発明は、芯板の表裏面両面及び外周面を難燃材で覆った耐火ボード、該耐火ボードで形成する耐火壁、耐火柱、及び梁の耐火被覆構造に関する。
【０００２】
尚、本明細書において「難燃」という概念は、単に燃え難いことをいい、建築基準法にいう不燃材料及び準不燃材料を含むものとする。
【０００３】
【従来の技術】
【発明の解決しようとする課題】
従来の耐火ボードとして、例えば後述の特許文献１は、高温高圧のもとで養生された軽量コンクリート版、いわゆるＡＬＣ版を開示している。
【０００４】
ＡＬＣ版は、塗料（シーラー）を下塗りする必要があるために仕上げ工程が面倒である。又、業界ではより低価格で軽量な耐火ボードが求められていた。
【０００５】
本発明の第１の目的は、芯板の表裏両面及び外周面を難燃材で気密に覆合した耐火ボードにおいて、上記芯板を木毛セメントなどの通気性含水材料で形成して、加熱時に芯板内の水分を外部に逃がすことなく耐火ボード内で気化・対流させ、その気化熱で耐火ボード表面を冷却するものを提供することである。
【０００６】
尚、木毛セメント板の表裏両面をプラスターボードなどの準不燃材料で閉塞した板材は以前から知られているが（後述特許文献２）、該板材は耐火ボードではなく、木毛セメント板の外面全体を難燃材で気密に覆うという着想もない。本発明は、上記冷却効果により、耐火ボードの通常の材料である不燃材料（鉄やコンクリートそのもの）に比べて、軽量・廉価ではあるが耐火性で劣る準不燃材料を使用しても充分な耐火時間を得られる耐火ボードを提供しようとするものである。
【０００７】
又、本発明の第２の目的は、上記第１の目的に係る耐火ボードを用いて構成された耐火壁、耐火柱、梁の耐火被覆構造において施工が容易なものを提供することである。
【０００８】
【特許文献１】
特開平０６−２８８０２２号公報
【特許文献２】
特開平１１−３５０６３６号公報
【０００９】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明の第1の手段は、耐火ボードであり、通気性を有し、かつ内部に結晶水を包含する芯板２の表裏両面３ａ，３ｂ及び外周面４を非通気性の難燃材で気密に覆合して、加熱時に芯板内の水分を外部へ逃がさないように設けている。
【００１０】
本発明の第２の手段は、上記第1の手段に係る耐火ボードにおいて、上記芯板２を、木毛セメント板としている。
【００１１】
本発明の第３の手段は、上記第1又は第２の手段に係る耐火ボードにおいて、
上記芯板２の表裏両面へ、難燃板5,5を気密に層着させて積層板となし、芯板外周面一部への難燃材の覆合は、断面チャンネル状に、基板7a両側から左右両側板7b,7bを突出させて形成した取付け部材７の奥部内へ充填した難燃材料６を、上記積層板外周部へ取付け部材７を嵌合させることで、芯板２外周面へ圧接させて形成した。
【００１２】
本発明の第４の手段は、上記第３の手段に係る耐火ボードにおいて、上記基板7aの左右方向中間部を切離して、該切離し部分左右両側の基板部分8a,8aが熱接触不能としている。
【００１３】
本発明の第５の手段は、耐火壁であり、直立させた状態で少なくとも等高の長方形状に形成した複数の上記第３の手段に係る耐火ボード１…を、隣接する側端面を気密に当接させて並設するとともに、各側端面の対応位置に係合溝14,14をそれぞれ穿設して、これら両係合溝内に連結板15の一半部と他半部とをおのおの緊密に嵌合させ、かつ耐火ボート上下両端面を上記取付け部材７を介して天井側及び床側へ固定させることで構成している。
【００１４】
本発明の第６の手段は、耐火柱であって、鉄骨柱32と、該鉄骨柱外面を覆合させた、複数耐火ボード１…で形成した囲成壁34とからなっており、
上記耐火ボード１は、通気性を有する含水材料で形成した芯板２の前後両面及び上下両端面を難燃材で気密に覆合させて形成し、
囲成壁34は、各耐火ボード１の左右一方側部16の後面16bへ、他方耐火ボードの左右他方側部17の端面17aを気密に当接させて多角形状に連結するとともに、各角部36の外面へ、ほぼＬ字状に屈折された耐火板部材35の内面を当接させかつ固定させて形成し、又該耐火板部材により上記各耐火ボード左右一方側部の各露出端面16cを気密に閉塞させている。
【００１５】
本発明の第７の手段は、建築物のカーテンウォールの内面側から、該内面に対して平行に隣設する梁の内面側へ亘って耐火剤を吹き付けてカーテンウォールと梁との間の層間塞ぎを行なう梁の耐火被覆構造において、
梁４１の内側及び下側部分の耐火被覆を、上記耐火剤の吹き付けに代えて、通気性を有し、かつ内部に結晶水を包含する芯板２の表裏両面及び外周面を非通気性の難燃材で気密に覆合して、加熱時に芯板内の水分を外部へ逃がさないように設けた耐火ボード１の装着によって実現している。
【００１６】
【発明を実施するための形態】
図１から図４は、耐火ボードを対象とする、本発明の第1実施形態を示している。
【００１７】
耐火ボード１は、図２に破線で示す如く長方形状に形成した芯板２と、図１に示す如く該芯板の表裏両面3a,3bを気密に覆う1対の難燃板5,5と、芯板の外周面４（上下方向端面4a,4b及び巾方向側端面4c）を気密に閉塞する難燃材料6,6と、該難燃材料を芯板外周面に固定するための取付け部材７とで形成されている。図示の耐火ボード１は、床面101と天井面102との間に建て込まれた状態で描かれている。尚、耐火ボード１の形状は適宜変更することができる。又、後述の如く、複数の耐火ボード１…を用いて耐火壁などを形成するときには、耐火ボードの左右側部への難燃材料及び取付け部材の装着を省略することができる。
【００１８】
芯板２は、結晶水などの形で水分を含有するとともに、板全体に亘って連続した空隙（図示せず）を有する通気性の材料で形成し、加熱時に上記水分が気化するとともに上記空隙を介して芯板内部で対流できることが必要である。この点で好適な材料は木毛セメント板である。該木毛セメント板は15％の含水率及び30％の空隙率を有している。又、芯板２を形成する材料は、燃焼させたときに、その表面に炭化断熱層を形成するものであることが望ましい。この性質を有する点でも上記木毛セメント板は好適である。
【００１９】
難燃板５は、非通気性の材料、即ち芯板の表裏両面3a,3bを覆合したときにこれら両面からの水蒸気の飛散を遮断することが可能な材料で形成する。例えばプラスターボードとすることが好適である。
【００２０】
難燃材料６もまた、非通気性材料で形成する。但し難燃材料は、少なくとも取付け部材７により芯板２及び難燃板5,5の外周面へ圧着させたときに芯板外周面４からの水分の飛散を防止可能なものであれば足りる。又、該難燃材料６は、床面乃至天井面への建付けを良くするためにクッション性のある素材とすることが望ましい。好適な材料の例は、ロックウール、グラスウールである。
【００２１】
取付け部材７は、図２に示す如く、芯板２の上下端面4a,4b乃至左右側端面4cと略等長の細長い部材であって、その長手方向に対して短手方向の断面形状を、チャンネル状、即ち凹字状に、基板7a両側から左右両側板7b,7bを突出して形成している。又、図示の取付け部材７は、基板7aの左右方向中間部に切離し部分11を設けて断面形状を正逆Ｌ字形とする２つの半部8,8に分割し、これら両半取付け部材の基板部分8a,8aが熱接触しないように形成している。
【００２２】
そして上記耐火ボード１は、図１が示すように芯板２の表裏両面3a,3bへ難燃板5,5を貼着して積層板とするとともに、該積層板の外周面へ難燃材料６を当接させた状態で、その積層板外周部を取付け部材の左右側板7b,7b間へ嵌合させて、積層板外周面と取付け部材の基板7aとで、難燃材料６を挟持させる。又、それら積層板と取り付け部材の左右側板7b,7bとはボルト９で連結している。
【００２３】
又、上記両半取付け部材8,8の基板部分8a,8aのうちの一方は、床面101乃至天井面102に対してピン12で固定している。尚、芯板の外周面を上記難燃材料６及び取付け部材７に代えて難燃板５で気密に閉塞することもできる。
【００２４】
図３は、本実施形態に係る耐火ボード1の変形例を示したものであり、この例の耐火ボードは、上下2枚の芯板2A,2Bを、下側芯板2Bの上端面と上側芯板2Aの下端面とを接合させて積み重ねるとともに、これら両端面の対応位置に、芯板巾方向に巾広で深溝形の係合溝14,14を有し、これら係合溝内に連結板15の上半部及び下半部をそれぞれ嵌着させることで上下両芯板を繋ぎ合わせ、かつこれら一対の芯板2A,2Bの表面及び裏面をそれぞれ一枚の難燃板５で覆合したものである。又、取付け部材７は、その左右側板7b,7bを芯板の上下端部外面と難燃板5,5内面の対応部分との間に差し込ませ、それら左右側板7b,7bが側外方から見えないように設けている。
【００２５】
以下、耐火ボード１の作用について説明すると、図４(a)は火災が起こる前の状態を示すものであり、芯板２は結晶水を含有している。
【００２６】
図４(b)は火災が起きた直後の状態を示し、難燃板５の一部分が外部から加熱されると、その一部近傍の芯板部分において水分が気化することで、その加熱された難燃板部分が含有する熱量を内側から奪うとともに、気化した水蒸気Vが芯板２内の連続空隙（図示せず）を介して芯板全体に伝達し、熱を拡散させる。その結果、耐火ボードの温度は、少なくとも水の沸点である100℃に達するまでは急激に上昇することはなく、これにより難燃板５の燃焼が阻止される。この点は後述の耐火柱の実施形態において更に説明する。
【００２７】
耐火ボード全体の含熱量が一定の限界を超えると、上述の冷却効果が失われて、図４(c)に示す如く難燃板５の一部が燃え出すが、このときその燃焼部分に表れる芯板２の表面が火に炙られて炭化し、炭化表面層13が形成される。この炭化表面層は、燃焼時の温度が他の一般的建材のそれよりも比較的低いので、該層がない場合と比べて耐火ボードの燃焼を遅延させるという意味で、一種の断熱層としての役割を果たす。
【００２８】
更に燃焼が進行すると、図４(d)の如く耐火ボードの形が崩れるが、このとき芯板を形成していた耐火材料Mが近くの柱106などの表面に付着して更に建築物の燃焼を遅らせる。
【００２９】
以下、本発明の他の実施形態を説明する。その構成のうち、第1実施形態と同じ部分については同一符号を付することで説明を省略する。
【００３０】
図５から図９は、本発明の第２実施形態であり、図１の耐火ボードを複数使って形成した耐火壁に関するものである。
【００３１】
この耐火壁21は、図５に示すように床面101と天井面102との間に、複数の耐火ボード１…を相互に側方端面が接するように並設している。
【００３２】
この実施形態では、隣接する２枚の耐火ボード１の対向する両側方端面には、図６及び図７の要部Ａに示す如く、第1実施形態における上述の取付け部材７及び難燃材料６を付設せずに、垂直な平滑面に形成した各難燃板５の側方端面を、相互に気密に面接させ、かつ芯板の対向する側方端面に係合溝14,14を穿設して、これら係合溝内へ連結板15の一半部及び他半部を固嵌めすることで、上記難燃板側方端面の気密に接触させた状態を維持するように設けている。他方、図６及び図７の要部Ｂに示す如く、耐火ボード１の側方端面のうち耐火壁21の側方端面に相当する部分は、第1実施形態の場合と同様に難燃材料６及び取付け部材７で閉塞している。
【００３３】
図８は、上記耐火ボード１の対向する側方端面及び連結板15の変形例を示している。まず、耐火ボードの側方端面には、上記係合溝14開口面から両難燃板5,5側方端面の巾方向中間部に亘って浅い嵌合溝22,22が形成されており、又、上記連結板15は、長手方向中間部から側外方へ一対の閉塞板部23,23を突出した断面十字形に形成し、各閉塞板部23が両耐火ボード１の嵌合溝22内へ嵌着することで芯板側方端面を密閉するように設けられている。
【００３４】
図９は、耐火壁21を建築物内の所定の設置箇所へ建て込む行程を示している。まず同図(a)に示す如く設置箇所の床面101及び天井面102へ上下1対の取付部材の各一半部（図示例においては図左方の半取付け部材）8,8を予めそれぞれピン12止めする。又、各取付け部材の他半部（図示例では図右方の半取付け部材）8,8は、第1の耐火ボード1Aの上下両端部の図右面側へ適当な手段で仮止めしておく。そして、矢示のようにその第1の耐火ボード1Aを設置位置へ嵌め込むとともに、該第1の耐火ボードの上端部側及び下端部側においてそれぞれ、同図(b)に示す如く、断面正逆Ｌ字形の両半取付け部材が有する垂直板部分8b,8b間にボルト9を嵌挿して固定する。該固定後、上記第1の耐火ボード1A側方端面の係合溝14へ連結板15一半部を挿入し、この第1の耐火ボード１Aからやや離して、該耐火ボードと同様の手順で図９(c)に示すように第２の耐火ボード1Bを建て込み、該第2の耐火ボードの係合溝14内へ連結板15他半部が嵌め込まれるようにその第2の耐火ボード1Ｂを最初の耐火ボード１Aの側方端面へ突き当てる。以下、同様の手順で所要数の第3、第４…の耐火ボードを所望場所に建て込み、必要な大きさの耐火壁21を設置することができる。
【００３５】
図10から図14は、本発明第3実施形態であり、図１の耐火ボードで形成される耐火柱に関する。
【００３６】
この耐火柱31は、従来公知の鉄骨柱32と、この鉄骨柱の周囲を囲う囲成壁34とで形成している。
【００３７】
鉄骨柱32は、例えば図11に示す横断面四角形状の鋼管柱とすることができ、その上下両端部を、天井面102乃至床面101に固定された公知の鉄骨移動用のランナー33へ係止している。尚、該ランナーを省略して上下両端部を天井乃至床側へ直接固定することもできる。
【００３８】
囲成壁34は、先の実施形態で説明した複数の耐火ボード１…を、鉄骨柱32の外周面に接するように図11に示す如く角筒状（図示例では四角筒形）に建て込み、これら耐火ボードの隣接側部を、耐火ボードと等高で横断面L字形の耐火板部材35で各耐火ボード１…の隣接側部を連結したものである。
【００３９】
上記囲成壁の角部36は、該角部を形成する第1の耐火ボード1Aの一方側部16の内面16bへ、隣接する第2の耐火ボード1Bの他方側部17の端面17aを、又上記角部36の外面、即ち上記第1の耐火ボード1Aの一方側部外面16a及び露出端面16cと第2の耐火ボード1Bの他方側板部表面17bとへ上記耐火板部材35の内面をそれぞれ気密に当接させて、該気密状態が保持できるように第1、第2の耐火ボード1A,1Bの一方側部及び他方側部にL字形の耐火板部材35の各板部分をピン９で固く連結させて構成する。上記耐火ボード１の表裏両面及び側方端面と、耐火板部材35の内面とはそれぞれ気密な面接を可能とする平滑面に形成する。
【００４０】
又、各耐火ボード１の上下両端面は、上記難燃材料６及び取付け部材７を介して床面101乃至天井面102へ固定されている。
【００４１】
又、図10が示すように、囲成壁34の上下方向中間部内面には補強帯37を周設しても良い。
【００４２】
上記構成において、本発明に係る耐火柱が火災の放射熱を受けると、図４(a)
から(d)に示したのと同様に、水分の気化による冷却、対流による熱分散、炭化断熱の諸作用を果たす。特に上記気化及び対流による冷却、熱分散作用により、図13の耐火実験のグラフに示すように、本耐火柱31の温度は100℃までの時間領域Tにおいては緩やかに上昇するに過ぎず、その結果、耐火時間が延びる。又、上記諸作用が失われ、耐火ボードの外形が崩れた後でも、図12の如く芯板を構成する成分Mが鉄骨柱32の表面に付着して該鉄骨を保護する。
【００４３】
図14は、本実施形態の変形例を示すものであり、本実施形態に係る耐火柱31に第2実施形態に係る耐火壁21の側端部を連続させたものである。即ち、囲成壁34の一面を形成する一枚の耐火ボード１Bの巾方向中間部に細長い長方形状の切欠38を縦設して、該切欠内へ、取付け部材７を装着した耐火ボード1Cの先端部を挿入しており、上記切欠38内へ露出する耐火ボードの露出端面38aを、取付け部材の左右側板7b,7b外面へ圧接させることで気密に閉塞している。
【００４４】
図15及び図16は、梁の耐火被覆構造を対象とする、本発明の第４実施形態を示したものである。
【００４５】
まず、この耐火被覆構造を使用する梁及び周囲の建物部分の構造について説明すると、この建物部分は、カーテンウォール107で形成しているものであり、該カーテンウォールは上枠108及び下枠109の間に固定されている。又、上記梁41は、構造床105の外端部下面に、上記カーテンウォール107内面に対して平行に隣設されたものである。該梁は、例えば図示のように断面横向きＨ形状のものとすることができる。
【００４６】
本発明に係る梁の耐火被覆構造は、上記構造床105及び梁41の下側フランジ41aの各外端部から外方突出された片持ち板43,43と、これら片持ち板とカーテンウォールの上枠108及び下枠109との間の間隙を閉塞する耐火性の閉塞部44と、梁41の下方側及び内方側を覆う２枚の耐火ボード1A,1Bとで構成される。
【００４７】
該構成のうち閉塞部は従来公知のもので、例えばロックウールなどの耐火剤を上記間隙に吹付けることで形成される。
【００４８】
２枚の耐火ボードは、上記第1実施形態で説明したものであり、そのうちの一方は、上記梁41の下側フランジ41a下面を覆合する水平耐火ボード１Aであり、又、他方は、横向きＨ字型梁41の下側フランジ41a及び上側フランジ41bの各内端部間の空間を閉塞する垂直耐火ボード１Bである。水平耐火ボード1Aの内方側部と垂直耐火ボード1Bの下方側部とは相互に当接して角部36を形成し、又、該角部の外面へはL字形の耐火板部材35が取り付けられている。
【００４９】
これら耐火ボード及び耐火板部材は、上記耐火柱31の囲成壁34のうち、該囲成壁半部を構成する２枚の耐火ボードと両耐火ボードを結合する耐火板部材35と略同じ構造のまま横向きに倒したものであり、図示例では、垂直耐火ボード1Bの下側部下端面17aを、水平耐火ボード1Aの内側端部の上面16bへ、又、水平耐火ボードの内側端部露出端面16cを耐火板部材35の内面へそれぞれ気密に当接させている。図示例と異なり、水平耐火ボード1Aの内側部内端面を垂直耐火ボード1Bの下側部外端面へそれぞれ気密に当接させても良い。
【００５０】
又、水平耐火ボード1Aの外端面は上記閉塞部44により、かつ、垂直耐火ボード1Bの上端面は構造床の下面に突き当てることによりそれぞれ気密に閉塞している。
【００５１】
更に、各耐火ボード1A,1Bの長手方向端面は、適当な難燃材で閉塞するものとし、例えば既述第２実施形態の図６及び図７に示すものと同様の構造でロックウールなどの難燃材料６及び取付け部材７を取付けることで閉塞することができる。
【００５２】
上記構成において、本発明に係る耐火柱が火災の放射熱を受けると、図４(a)から(d)に示したのと同様に、水分の気化による冷却、対流による熱分散、炭化断熱の諸作用を果たして、所要の耐火時間中、耐火ボードの原形を維持するとともに、耐火ボードの外形が崩れた後でも、図16の如く芯板を構成する成分Mが梁の内面部分及び下側フランジ41a下面へ付着し覆合することで、更に梁41を熱から保護する。
【００５３】
【発明の効果】
本発明は上記構成のものであり、請求項１記載の発明によれば、次の効果を奏する。
○芯板２の表裏両面3a,3b及び外周面４を難燃材で気密に覆合し、かつ上記芯板２を通気性を有する含水材料で形成したから、上記難燃材の一部が火災などで加熱されたときに芯板２内の水分の気化により難燃材を冷却することができるとともに、その気化により生じた水蒸気が芯板２内で対流することで熱を耐火ボード１全体に伝達するので、難燃材が局部的に焼失して該焼失個所から火が燃え広がることを抑制して、充分な耐火時間（例えば１時間乃至２時間）を有する耐火ボードを提供することができる。
○上記芯板内の水分の気化・対流作用により、耐火ボードの表面層を冷却することとしたから、不燃材に比べて耐火性能は落ちるが軽量で廉価な準不燃材（例えば木毛セメント板）を使用した場合、及び、耐火材の厚さを従来よりも薄くした場合であっても、充分な耐火効果を得ることができ、経済的である。
【００５４】
又、請求項２の発明によれば、上記芯板２を木毛セメント板としたから、耐火ボード表裏面の難燃材が焼失しても該焼失個所の芯板表面に炭化断熱層を形成して、燃焼の進行を抑制することができる。
【００５５】
又、請求項３の発明によれば、芯板２の表裏両面へ難燃板5,5を層着させてなる積層板の外周部へ、断面チャンネル状の取付け部材７を嵌合させることで、該取付け部材奥部に充填させた難燃材料６を芯板外周面４の対応部分へ圧接させたから、該対応部分の閉塞を容易にすることができる。
【００５６】
又、請求項４の発明によれば、取付け部材の基板7aを、左右方向中間部を切離して、該切離し部分左右両側の基板部分8a,8aが相互に熱接触不能としたから、取付け部材７を熱伝導性の高い材料で形成した場合であっても、耐火ボードの表裏両面の一方から他方へ取付け部材７を介して熱を伝導して延焼することを防止できる。
【００５７】
又、請求項５から請求項７の発明によれば、複数の耐火ボード１…を、各耐火ボードの側方端面を隣接する耐火ボードの側方端面乃至裏面へ気密に圧接することで、耐火壁21、耐火柱31、又は梁41の耐火被覆構造を構成するから、芯板の表裏両面に難燃板を貼着させた状態で工場生産した複数の耐火ボードを順次現場に建て込んでいくだけで、それら耐火壁などを構成することができ、施工が極めて容易である。
【００５８】
更に請求項５の発明によれば、耐火壁21を形成する耐火ボード１…を、隣接する側端面を気密に当接させて並設するとともに、それら側端面の対応個所に穿設した係合溝14,14内へ連結板15の一半部及び他半部をおのおの嵌合させ、かつ耐火ボード１の上下両端面を上記取付け部材７を介して天井側及び床側へ固定させたから、各耐火ボードを強固に結合して耐火壁のがたつきを防止することができる。
【００５９】
請求項６の発明によれば、鉄骨柱32外面を覆合する複数の耐火ボード１…で囲成壁34を形成し、上記耐火ボードを、通気性を有する含水材料で形成する芯板２の前後両面及び上下両端面を難燃材で気密に覆合し、かつ各耐火ボード１の側端面を気密に閉塞したから、耐火柱に対して如何なる方向から火災が起きても、その熱から鉄骨柱32を充分に保護することができる。
【００６０】
請求項７の発明によれば次の効果を奏する。
○梁41内面側からカーテンウォール107内面側へ亘って耐火剤を吹き付ける耐火被覆構造において、梁41内面部分及び下面部分の被覆を、上記被覆剤の吹き付けに代えて上述の耐火ボード１の装着により実現したから、耐火剤吹付け作業の施工面積を削減することができるとともに、仮設材の量も削減することができる。
○耐火剤の使用量が減るから、周囲へ散塵の量も減少する。
○耐火剤の吹付け作業は、梁とカーテンウォールとの間の間隙部分にのみ行なうから、カーテンウォール工事の後に構造体梁の耐火被覆工事ができるなど、施工工程の自由度が大となる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】本発明に係る耐火ボードを示す縦断面図である。
【図２】図１の耐火ボードの側面図である。
【図３】図１の耐火ボードの変形例を示すものである。
【図４】図１の耐火ボードの原理説明図である。
【図５】複数の図１耐火ボードで構成した耐火壁の斜視図である。
【図６】図５の耐火壁の横断面図である。
【図７】図６の横断面図の要部Ａ及びＢを拡大した図である。
【図８】図５の耐火壁の変形例である。
【図９】図５の耐火壁を取付場所に建て込む手順を示すものである。
【図１０】複数の図１耐火ボードで構成した耐火柱の縦断面図である。
【図１１】図１０の耐火柱の横断面図である。
【図１２】図１０の耐火柱の横断面図である。
【図１３】図１０の耐火柱の加熱時の表面温度の経時的変化を示す説明図である。
【図１４】図１０の耐火柱の変形例である。
【図１５】図１の耐火ボードを用いた梁の耐火構造を示す縦断面図である。
【図１６】図1５の梁の耐火構造の加熱時の変形状態を示す説明図である。
【符号の説明】
１…耐火ボード２…芯板５…難燃板６…難燃材料
７…取付け部材８…半取付け部材 9…ボルト 11…切離し部分
12…ピン 14…係合溝 15…連結板
21…耐火壁 31…耐火柱 32…鉄骨柱 34…囲成壁 35…耐火板部材
41…梁
101…床面 102…天井面 103…天井パネル 105…構造床
106…柱 107…カーテンウォール[0001]
[Field of the Invention]
TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a fireproof board in which both front and back surfaces and an outer peripheral surface of a core plate are covered with a flame retardant, a fireproof wall formed with the fireproof board, a fireproof pillar, and a fireproof covering structure for a beam.
[0002]
In this specification, the term “flame retardant” simply means that it is difficult to burn, and includes non-flammable materials and quasi-incombustible materials referred to in the Building Standard Law.
[0003]
[Prior art]
[Problem to be Solved by the Invention]
As a conventional fireproof board, for example, Patent Document 1 described below discloses a lightweight concrete plate, so-called ALC plate, cured under high temperature and pressure.
[0004]
Since the ALC plate needs to be primed with a paint (sealer), the finishing process is troublesome. In addition, the industry demanded a cheaper and lighter fireproof board.
[0005]
A first object of the present invention is to provide a fireproof board in which both the front and back surfaces and the outer peripheral surface of a core plate are hermetically covered with a flame retardant, and the core plate is formed of a breathable water-containing material such as wood wool cement. It is intended to provide a thing that vaporizes and convects in the refractory board without letting moisture in the core plate escape to the outside, and cools the refractory board surface with the heat of vaporization.
[0006]
In addition, although the board | plate material which obstruct | occluded both front and back surfaces of the wood wool cement board with quasi-incombustible materials, such as a plaster board, is known for a long time (after-mentioned patent document 2), this board material is not a fireproof board but the whole outer surface of a wood wool cement board. There is no idea to airtightly cover with flame retardant. Due to the cooling effect described above, the present invention has sufficient fire resistance even when using a semi-incombustible material that is lighter, less expensive but inferior in fire resistance than the incombustible material (iron or concrete itself) that is a normal material for fireproof boards. It is intended to provide a fireproof board that can save time.
[0007]
A second object of the present invention is to provide a fireproof wall, a fireproof pillar, and a fireproof covering structure of a beam, which are constructed using the fireproof board according to the first object, which is easy to construct.
[0008]
[Patent Document 1]
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 06-288022 [Patent Document 2]
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-350636
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The first means of the present invention is a fireproof board, and has air permeability and the inner and outer surfaces 3a and 3b and the outer peripheral surface 4 of the core plate 2 containing crystal water inside are made of a non-breathable flame retardant. Covering hermetically, it is provided so that moisture in the core plate does not escape to the outside during heating.
[0010]
According to a second means of the present invention, in the fireproof board according to the first means, the core plate 2 is a wood cement board.
[0011]
The third means of the present invention is the fireproof board according to the first or second means,
The flame retardant plates 5 and 5 are air-tightly layered on both the front and back surfaces of the core plate 2 to form a laminated plate. The outer peripheral surface of the core plate 2 is obtained by fitting the mounting member 7 to the outer peripheral portion of the laminated plate with a flame retardant material 6 filled in the inner portion of the mounting member 7 formed by projecting the left and right side plates 7b, 7b from both sides. It was formed by pressure contact.
[0012]
According to a fourth means of the present invention, in the fireproof board according to the third means, the intermediate portion in the left-right direction of the substrate 7a is cut away so that the board portions 8a, 8a on both the left and right sides of the cut-off portion cannot be in thermal contact.
[0013]
The fifth means of the present invention is a fireproof wall, and the fireproof boards 1 according to the third means formed at least in a rectangular shape in an upright state are hermetically sealed at adjacent side end surfaces. In addition to the contact grooves arranged side by side, the engagement grooves 14 and 14 are formed in the corresponding positions of the side end surfaces, respectively, and one half part and the other half part of the connecting plate 15 are tightly connected to each other in both engagement grooves. And both upper and lower end faces of the fireproof boat are fixed to the ceiling side and the floor side via the mounting member 7.
[0014]
The sixth means of the present invention is a refractory column comprising a steel column 32 and an enclosed wall 34 formed by a plurality of refractory boards 1 covering the outer surface of the steel column,
The fireproof board 1 is formed by airtightly covering the front and rear surfaces and the upper and lower end surfaces of the core plate 2 formed of a water-containing material having air permeability with a flame retardant,
The surrounding wall 34 is connected to the rear surface 16b of the left and right one side portion 16 of each fireproof board 1 in an airtight manner with the end surface 17a of the left and right other side portion 17 of the other fireproof board, and is connected in a polygonal shape. The outer surface of 36 is formed by abutting and fixing the inner surface of the refractory plate member 35 refracted substantially in an L-shape, and the exposed end surfaces 16c on the left and right sides of the refractory board are formed by the refractory plate member. Airtightly closed.
[0015]
According to a seventh means of the present invention, a fireproof agent is sprayed from an inner surface side of a curtain wall of a building to an inner surface side of a beam adjacent in parallel to the inner surface, and an interlayer between the curtain wall and the beam. In the fireproof covering structure of the beam to be closed,
The fireproof coating on the inner and lower portions of the beam 41 is replaced with the spraying of the refractory agent , and the front and back surfaces and the outer peripheral surface of the core plate 2 having air permeability and containing crystal water therein are made non-breathable. This is realized by mounting a fireproof board 1 that is airtightly covered with a flame retardant and provided so that moisture in the core plate is not released outside during heating .
[0016]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
1 to 4 show a first embodiment of the present invention for a fireproof board.
[0017]
The fireproof board 1 includes a core plate 2 formed in a rectangular shape as shown by a broken line in FIG. 2, and a pair of flame retardant plates 5, 5 that airtightly cover the front and back surfaces 3a, 3b of the core plate as shown in FIG. , Flame retardant materials 6 and 6 for hermetically closing the outer peripheral surface 4 (vertical direction end surfaces 4a and 4b and width direction end surface 4c) of the core plate, and an attachment member for fixing the flame retardant material to the outer peripheral surface of the core plate 7. The illustrated fireproof board 1 is drawn in a state of being built between a floor surface 101 and a ceiling surface 102. The shape of the fireproof board 1 can be changed as appropriate. As will be described later, when forming a fireproof wall or the like using a plurality of fireproof boards 1..., It is possible to omit the mounting of the flame retardant material and the mounting member on the left and right sides of the fireproof board.
[0018]
The core plate 2 contains moisture in the form of crystal water and the like, and is formed of a breathable material having a continuous void (not shown) over the entire plate. It is necessary to be able to convection inside the core plate via A suitable material in this respect is a wood wool cement board. The woolen cement board has a moisture content of 15% and a porosity of 30%. Further, the material forming the core plate 2 is desirably a material that forms a carbonized heat insulating layer on the surface thereof when burned. The wood wool cement board is also suitable in that it has this property.
[0019]
The flame retardant plate 5 is formed of a non-breathable material, that is, a material capable of blocking the scattering of water vapor from both surfaces when the front and back surfaces 3a and 3b of the core plate are covered. For example, a plaster board is preferable.
[0020]
The flame retardant material 6 is also formed of a non-breathable material. However, the flame retardant material is sufficient if it can prevent water from being scattered from the outer peripheral surface 4 of the core plate 2 when it is pressure-bonded to the outer peripheral surfaces of the core plate 2 and the flame retardant plates 5 and 5 by the attachment member 7. In addition, the flame retardant material 6 is desirably a material having a cushioning property in order to improve the installation on the floor surface or the ceiling surface. Examples of suitable materials are rock wool and glass wool.
[0021]
As shown in FIG. 2, the attachment member 7 is an elongated member that is substantially the same length as the upper and lower end surfaces 4a, 4b to the left and right end surfaces 4c of the core plate 2, and has a cross-sectional shape in the short direction with respect to the longitudinal direction. The left and right side plates 7b, 7b are formed so as to protrude from both sides of the substrate 7a in a channel shape, that is, in a concave shape. Further, the mounting member 7 shown in the figure is divided into two halves 8 and 8 having a cut-off portion 11 at the middle portion in the left-right direction of the substrate 7a and having a cross-sectional shape of a forward / reverse L-shape. The portions 8a and 8a are formed so as not to be in thermal contact.
[0022]
As shown in FIG. 1, the refractory board 1 is made by laminating flame retardant plates 5 and 5 on both front and back surfaces 3a and 3b of the core plate 2 to form a laminated plate, and a flame retardant material on the outer peripheral surface of the laminated plate. With the 6 in contact, the outer peripheral portion of the laminated plate is fitted between the left and right side plates 7b, 7b of the mounting member, and the flame retardant material 6 is sandwiched between the outer peripheral surface of the laminated plate and the substrate 7a of the mounting member. . Further, these laminated plates and the left and right side plates 7b, 7b of the attachment members are connected by bolts 9.
[0023]
One of the board portions 8a and 8a of the half mounting members 8 and 8 is fixed to the floor surface 101 to the ceiling surface 102 with a pin 12. The outer peripheral surface of the core plate can be airtightly closed with the flame retardant plate 5 instead of the flame retardant material 6 and the mounting member 7.
[0024]
FIG. 3 shows a modification of the fireproof board 1 according to the present embodiment. The fireproof board of this example includes two upper and lower core plates 2A and 2B, the upper end surface of the lower core plate 2B and the upper side. The lower end surface of the core plate 2A is joined and stacked, and at the corresponding positions of these both end surfaces, there are wide and deep groove-shaped engagement grooves 14 and 14 in the width direction of the core plate, and are connected in these engagement grooves. The upper and lower core plates are joined by fitting the upper half and lower half of the plate 15, respectively, and the front and back surfaces of the pair of core plates 2A and 2B are covered with a single flame retardant plate 5 respectively. It is a thing. Further, the mounting member 7 has its left and right side plates 7b, 7b inserted between the outer surfaces of the upper and lower ends of the core plate and the corresponding portions of the flame retardant plates 5, 5 so that the left and right side plates 7b, 7b are laterally outward. It is provided so that it cannot be seen.
[0025]
Hereinafter, the operation of the fireproof board 1 will be described. FIG. 4A shows a state before a fire occurs, and the core plate 2 contains crystal water.
[0026]
FIG. 4 (b) shows a state immediately after the fire has occurred. When a part of the flame retardant plate 5 is heated from the outside, moisture is vaporized in the core plate part in the vicinity of the part, which is heated. While taking away the heat quantity which a flame-retardant board part contains from the inner side, the vaporized water vapor | steam V is transmitted to the whole core board via the continuous space | gap (not shown) in the core board 2, and diffuses heat. As a result, the temperature of the refractory board does not rise abruptly until it reaches at least 100 ° C., which is the boiling point of water, thereby preventing the flame retardant plate 5 from burning. This point will be further described in the embodiment of the refractory column described later.
[0027]
When the heat content of the entire refractory board exceeds a certain limit, the above-mentioned cooling effect is lost, and a part of the flame retardant plate 5 is burned out as shown in FIG. The surface of the core plate 2 is burned and carbonized by burning, and a carbonized surface layer 13 is formed. This carbonized surface layer has a relatively lower temperature during combustion than that of other general building materials, so it is a kind of heat insulating layer in the sense that it retards the combustion of the refractory board compared to the case without the layer. Play a role.
[0028]
As the combustion further progresses, the shape of the refractory board collapses as shown in FIG. 4 (d). At this time, the refractory material M forming the core plate adheres to the surface of the nearby pillar 106 and further burns the building. Delay.
[0029]
Hereinafter, other embodiments of the present invention will be described. In the configuration, the same portions as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof is omitted.
[0030]
FIGS. 5 to 9 show a second embodiment of the present invention and relate to a fireproof wall formed by using a plurality of fireproof boards of FIG.
[0031]
As shown in FIG. 5, the fire wall 21 has a plurality of fire-resistant boards 1 arranged in parallel so that the side end surfaces are in contact with each other between the floor surface 101 and the ceiling surface 102.
[0032]
In this embodiment, on the opposite side end surfaces of two adjacent fireproof boards 1, the mounting member 7 and the flame retardant material 6 described above in the first embodiment as shown in the main part A of FIGS. 6 and 7. The side end surfaces of each flame retardant plate 5 formed on a vertical smooth surface are air-tightly contacted with each other, and the engaging grooves 14 and 14 are formed in the opposite side end surfaces of the core plate. Then, one half part and the other half part of the connecting plate 15 are fixedly fitted into these engaging grooves, so that the state where the flame retardant plate side end surfaces are brought into airtight contact is maintained. On the other hand, as shown in the main part B of FIGS. 6 and 7, the portion corresponding to the side end face of the fireproof wall 21 in the side end face of the fireproof board 1 is the flame retardant material 6 as in the first embodiment. And the mounting member 7 is closed.
[0033]
FIG. 8 shows a modification of the opposing side end face of the fireproof board 1 and the connecting plate 15. First, shallow fitting grooves 22 and 22 are formed on the side end face of the fireproof board from the opening face of the engagement groove 14 to the middle part in the width direction of both flame retardant plates 5 and 5 side end faces, Further, the connecting plate 15 is formed in a cross-shaped cross section in which a pair of closing plate portions 23, 23 project from the intermediate portion in the longitudinal direction to the outside of the side, and each closing plate portion 23 is a fitting groove 22 of both fireproof boards 1. It is provided so that the core plate side end face is sealed by being fitted inside.
[0034]
FIG. 9 shows a process of building the fire wall 21 into a predetermined installation location in the building. First, as shown in (a) of the figure, each half of the pair of upper and lower mounting members (half mounting members on the left in the figure in the illustrated example) 8 and 8 is previously pinned to the floor surface 101 and the ceiling surface 102 of the installation location. 12 stop. Also, the other half of each mounting member (half mounting member on the right side of the figure in the illustrated example) 8 and 8 is temporarily fixed to the right side of the upper and lower ends of the first fireproof board 1A by appropriate means. . Then, as shown by the arrow, the first refractory board 1A is fitted into the installation position, and at the upper end side and the lower end side of the first refractory board, as shown in FIG. Bolts 9 are inserted and fixed between the vertical plate portions 8b, 8b of the half-attachment members of the inverted L shape. After the fixing, one half of the connecting plate 15 is inserted into the engaging groove 14 on the side face of the first fireproof board 1A, and is separated slightly from the first fireproof board 1A. As shown in FIG. 9 (c), the second fireproof board 1B is installed, and the second fireproof board 1B is placed so that the other half of the connecting plate 15 is fitted into the engagement groove 14 of the second fireproof board. Push against the side edge of the first fireproof board 1A. Thereafter, the required number of third, fourth,... Refractory boards can be installed in a desired place and the refractory wall 21 having a required size can be installed by the same procedure.
[0035]
10 to 14 show a third embodiment of the present invention and relate to a refractory column formed by the refractory board of FIG.
[0036]
The refractory column 31 is formed by a conventionally known steel column 32 and an surrounding wall 34 surrounding the steel column.
[0037]
The steel column 32 can be, for example, a steel pipe column having a quadrangular cross section shown in FIG. 11, and its upper and lower ends are related to a known steel moving runner 33 fixed to the ceiling surface 102 to the floor surface 101. It has stopped. The runner can be omitted and the upper and lower ends can be directly fixed to the ceiling or floor side.
[0038]
As shown in FIG. 11, the surrounding wall 34 is built in a rectangular tube shape (in the illustrated example, a rectangular tube shape) so as to be in contact with the outer peripheral surface of the steel column 32. The adjacent side portions of the fireproof boards 1 are connected to the adjacent side portions of the fireproof boards by a fireproof plate member 35 having the same height as the fireproof board and having an L-shaped cross section.
[0039]
The corner portion 36 of the surrounding wall has an end surface 17a of the other side portion 17 of the second fireproof board 1B adjacent to the inner surface 16b of the one side portion 16 of the first fireproof board 1A forming the corner portion, Also, the outer surface of the corner portion 36, that is, the one side outer surface 16a and the exposed end surface 16c of the first fireproof board 1A and the other side plate portion surface 17b of the second fireproof board 1B are respectively connected to the inner surface of the fireproof plate member 35. Each plate portion of the L-shaped refractory plate member 35 is pinned by pins 9 on one side and the other side of the first and second refractory boards 1A and 1B so that the airtight state can be maintained by abutting airtightly. Constructed by tightly connecting. Both the front and back both sides and side end faces of the fireproof board 1 and the inner surface of the fireproof board member 35 are formed on smooth surfaces that enable airtight interviews.
[0040]
Further, the upper and lower end surfaces of each fireproof board 1 are fixed to the floor surface 101 to the ceiling surface 102 via the flame retardant material 6 and the attachment member 7.
[0041]
Further, as shown in FIG. 10, a reinforcing band 37 may be provided around the inner surface of the surrounding wall 34 in the vertical direction.
[0042]
In the above configuration, when the refractory column according to the present invention receives the radiant heat of the fire, FIG.
From (d) to (d), various functions such as cooling by vaporization of water, heat dispersion by convection, and carbonization insulation are achieved. In particular, due to the cooling by the vaporization and convection, and the heat dispersion action, as shown in the graph of the fireproof experiment in FIG. 13, the temperature of the fireproof column 31 only rises gently in the time region T up to 100 ° C., As a result, the fireproof time is extended. Further, even after the above-mentioned various functions are lost and the outer shape of the fireproof board is broken, the component M constituting the core plate adheres to the surface of the steel column 32 as shown in FIG. 12 and protects the steel frame.
[0043]
FIG. 14 shows a modification of the present embodiment, in which the side end portion of the fireproof wall 21 according to the second embodiment is connected to the fireproof pillar 31 according to the present embodiment. That is, an elongated rectangular cutout 38 is vertically provided in the middle in the width direction of one fireproof board 1B forming one surface of the surrounding wall 34, and the fireproof board 1C having the mounting member 7 mounted in the cutout. The front end portion is inserted, and the exposed end face 38a of the fireproof board exposed into the notch 38 is hermetically closed by being brought into pressure contact with the outer surfaces of the left and right side plates 7b and 7b of the mounting member.
[0044]
FIG. 15 and FIG. 16 show a fourth embodiment of the present invention intended for a fireproof covering structure of a beam.
[0045]
First, the structure of the beam and the surrounding building part using this fireproof covering structure will be described. This building part is formed by a curtain wall 107, and the curtain wall is composed of an upper frame 108 and a lower frame 109. It is fixed between. The beam 41 is provided adjacent to the lower surface of the outer end portion of the structural floor 105 in parallel to the inner surface of the curtain wall 107. For example, the beam may have an H-shaped cross section as shown in the drawing.
[0046]
The fireproof covering structure of the beam according to the present invention includes cantilever plates 43 and 43 projecting outward from the outer end portions of the structural floor 105 and the lower flange 41a of the beam 41, and the cantilever plate and the curtain wall. A fire-resistant closing portion 44 that closes the gap between the upper frame 108 and the lower frame 109, and two fire-resistant boards 1A and 1B that cover the lower side and the inner side of the beam 41 are configured.
[0047]
Of these components, the blocking portion is a conventionally known one, and is formed, for example, by spraying a fireproofing agent such as rock wool into the gap.
[0048]
The two fireproof boards are the same as those described in the first embodiment, one of which is the horizontal fireproof board 1A that covers the lower surface of the lower flange 41a of the beam 41, and the other is the horizontal orientation. This is a vertical fireproof board 1B that closes the space between the inner end portions of the lower flange 41a and the upper flange 41b of the H-shaped beam 41. The inner side portion of the horizontal fireproof board 1A and the lower side portion of the vertical fireproof board 1B are in contact with each other to form a corner portion 36, and an L-shaped fireproof plate member 35 is attached to the outer surface of the corner portion. It has been.
[0049]
These refractory boards and refractory plate members have substantially the same structure as the refractory plate member 35 that joins the two refractory boards and the two refractory boards constituting the half of the surrounding wall of the surrounding wall 34 of the refractory column 31. In the example shown in the figure, the lower lower end surface 17a of the vertical fireproof board 1B is moved to the upper surface 16b of the inner end portion of the horizontal fireproof board 1A, and the inner end exposed end surface of the horizontal fireproof board. 16c is brought into airtight contact with the inner surface of the refractory plate member 35, respectively. Unlike the illustrated example, the inner inner end face of the horizontal fireproof board 1A may be brought into air-tight contact with the lower outer end face of the vertical fireproof board 1B.
[0050]
Further, the outer end surface of the horizontal fireproof board 1A is airtightly closed by the closing portion 44, and the upper end face of the vertical fireproof board 1B is airtightly closed by abutting against the lower surface of the structural floor.
[0051]
Further, the longitudinal end faces of the fireproof boards 1A and 1B are closed with an appropriate flame retardant, and for example, rock wool or the like having the same structure as that shown in FIGS. 6 and 7 of the second embodiment described above. By attaching the flame retardant material 6 and the attachment member 7, it can be closed.
[0052]
In the above configuration, when the refractory column according to the present invention receives the radiant heat of the fire, as shown in FIGS. 4 (a) to (d), cooling by moisture vaporization, heat dispersion by convection, It fulfills various actions and maintains the original shape of the fireproof board for the required fireproof time, and even after the outer shape of the fireproof board collapses, the component M that constitutes the core plate is the inner surface part of the beam and the lower flange as shown in FIG. By adhering to and covering the lower surface of 41a, the beam 41 is further protected from heat.
[0053]
【The invention's effect】
The present invention is configured as described above. According to the first aspect of the present invention, the following effects can be obtained.
○ Because the front and back surfaces 3a, 3b and the outer peripheral surface 4 of the core plate 2 are hermetically covered with a flame retardant material and the core plate 2 is formed of a water-containing material having air permeability, a part of the flame retardant material is When heated by a fire or the like, the flame retardant can be cooled by vaporization of moisture in the core plate 2, and water generated by the vaporization convects in the core plate 2 to dissipate heat. Therefore, it is possible to provide a fire-resistant board having a sufficient fire-resistant time (for example, 1 hour to 2 hours) by suppressing the flame-retardant material from being locally burned down and preventing the fire from spreading from the burned-out portion. it can.
○ Since the surface layer of the fireproof board is cooled by the vaporization and convection action of the moisture in the core plate, the fireproof performance is lower than the noncombustible material, but it is a lightweight and inexpensive semi-incombustible material (for example, wood wool cement board) ) And when the thickness of the refractory material is made thinner than before, a sufficient fire resistance effect can be obtained, which is economical.
[0054]
Further, according to the invention of claim 2, since the core plate 2 is made of wood cement board, a carbonized heat insulating layer is formed on the surface of the core plate at the burned-out location even if the flame retardant on the front and back sides of the fireproof board is burned out. Thus, the progress of combustion can be suppressed.
[0055]
According to the invention of claim 3, by attaching the mounting member 7 having a channel-shaped cross section to the outer peripheral portion of the laminated plate formed by laminating the flame retardant plates 5 and 5 on both the front and back surfaces of the core plate 2. Since the flame retardant material 6 filled in the back of the mounting member is pressed against the corresponding portion of the outer peripheral surface 4 of the core plate, the corresponding portion can be easily closed.
[0056]
Further, according to the invention of claim 4, since the board 7a of the mounting member is cut off at the middle part in the left-right direction, the board parts 8a, 8a on the left and right sides of the cut-off part cannot be brought into thermal contact with each other. Even if it is made of a material with high thermal conductivity, it is possible to prevent the fire spreading from conducting heat through the attachment member 7 from one side to the other side of the front and back sides of the fireproof board.
[0057]
Further, according to the invention of claims 5 to 7, a plurality of fireproof boards 1... Are fire-tightly welded by pressing the side end face of each fireproof board to the side end face or back face of the adjacent fireproof board. Since the fire-resistant covering structure of the wall 21, fire-proof column 31, or beam 41 is configured, multiple fire-proof boards produced in the factory with the flame-retardant plates attached to both the front and back sides of the core plate will be sequentially built in the field. These fire walls can be constructed only by themselves, and the construction is extremely easy.
[0058]
Furthermore, according to the invention of claim 5, the fireproof boards 1 forming the fireproof wall 21 are juxtaposed with the adjacent side end faces being hermetically abutted, and the engagement is formed at corresponding portions of the side end faces. Since one half and the other half of the connecting plate 15 are fitted into the grooves 14 and 14, respectively, and the upper and lower end faces of the fireproof board 1 are fixed to the ceiling side and the floor side via the mounting members 7, respectively. The board can be firmly connected to prevent the fire wall from rattling.
[0059]
According to the invention of claim 6, the surrounding wall 34 is formed by the plurality of fireproof boards 1 covering the outer surface of the steel column 32, and the fireproof board is formed of a water-containing material having air permeability. Since both front and rear surfaces and both upper and lower end surfaces are airtightly covered with a flame retardant and the side end surfaces of each refractory board 1 are airtightly closed, the steel frame is generated from the heat regardless of the direction of fire. The pillar 32 can be sufficiently protected.
[0060]
According to invention of Claim 7, there exists the following effect.
In the fireproof coating structure in which a fireproof agent is sprayed from the inner surface side of the beam 41 to the inner surface side of the curtain wall 107, the inner surface portion and the lower surface portion of the beam 41 are covered with the above-described fireproof board 1 instead of spraying the coating agent. Since it has been realized, it is possible to reduce the construction area of the refractory spraying work and also reduce the amount of temporary materials.
○ Since the amount of refractory used is reduced, the amount of dust scattered around is also reduced.
○ Since the fireproofing agent is sprayed only on the gap between the beam and the curtain wall, the construction beam can be fireproofed after the curtain wall work, increasing the degree of freedom in the construction process.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a fireproof board according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a side view of the fireproof board of FIG.
FIG. 3 shows a modification of the fireproof board of FIG.
FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating the principle of the fireproof board in FIG. 1;
FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a fireproof wall composed of a plurality of FIG. 1 fireproof boards.
6 is a cross-sectional view of the fire wall of FIG.
7 is an enlarged view of main parts A and B in the cross-sectional view of FIG.
FIG. 8 is a modification of the fire wall shown in FIG.
FIG. 9 shows a procedure for installing the fire wall shown in FIG. 5 in the installation place.
10 is a longitudinal sectional view of a refractory column constituted by a plurality of FIG. 1 refractory boards.
11 is a cross-sectional view of the refractory column of FIG.
12 is a cross-sectional view of the refractory column of FIG.
13 is an explanatory view showing a change with time in the surface temperature during heating of the refractory column in FIG. 10; FIG.
14 is a modification of the refractory column in FIG.
15 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a fireproof structure of a beam using the fireproof board of FIG. 1. FIG.
FIG. 16 is an explanatory view showing a deformation state during heating of the fireproof structure of the beam of FIG.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Fireproof board 2 ... Core board 5 ... Flame retardant board 6 ... Flame retardant material 7 ... Mounting member 8 ... Half mounting member 9 ... Bolt 11 ... Detached part
12 ... pin 14 ... engagement groove 15 ... connecting plate
21 ... Fire wall 31 ... Fire column 32 ... Steel column 34 ... Enclosure wall 35 ... Fire plate member
41 ... Beam
101 ... Floor surface 102 ... Ceiling surface 103 ... Ceiling panel 105 ... Structure floor
106 ... pillar 107 ... curtain wall

Claims

Moisture inside the core plate is heated when the front and back surfaces 3a and 3b and the outer peripheral surface 4 of the core plate 2 that have air permeability and contain crystal water are hermetically covered with a non-breathable flame retardant. A fire-proof board, characterized in that it is provided so that it will not escape to the outside .

The fireproof board according to claim 1, wherein the core plate (2) is a wood wool cement plate.

The flame retardant plates 5 and 5 are air-tightly layered on both the front and back surfaces of the core plate 2 to form a laminated plate. The outer peripheral surface of the core plate 2 is obtained by fitting the mounting member 7 to the outer peripheral portion of the laminated plate with a flame retardant material 6 filled in the inner portion of the mounting member 7 formed by projecting the left and right side plates 7b, 7b from both sides. The fireproof board according to claim 1, wherein the fireproof board is formed by press-contacting to a surface.

The fireproof board according to claim 3, characterized in that the intermediate portion in the left-right direction of the substrate (7a) is cut away so that the board portions (8a, 8a) on both the left and right sides of the cut-off portion cannot be brought into thermal contact.

A plurality of refractory boards (1) according to claim 3 formed in a rectangular shape with at least equal height in an upright state, with adjacent side end faces being in airtight contact with each other and corresponding side end faces Engagement grooves 14 and 14 are formed in the positions, respectively, and one half part and the other half part of the connecting plate 15 are closely fitted in these engagement grooves, and the upper and lower end faces of the fireproof boat are attached as described above. A fire wall characterized by being configured to be fixed to a ceiling side and a floor side through a member 7.

A steel column 32 and an surrounding wall 34 formed by a plurality of fireproof boards 1 covering the outer surface of the steel column;
The fireproof board 1 is formed by airtightly covering the front and rear surfaces and the upper and lower end surfaces of the core plate 2 formed of a water-containing material having air permeability with a flame retardant,
The surrounding wall 34 is connected to the rear surface 16b of the left and right one side portions 16 of each fireproof board in a gastight manner with the end surfaces 17a of the left and right other side portions 17 of the other fireproof board, and is connected in a polygonal shape. The outer surface of the refractory plate member 35 refracted in a substantially L-shape is brought into contact with and fixed to the outer surface, and the exposed end surfaces 16c on the left and right sides of the refractory board are hermetically sealed by the refractory plate member. A fire-proof pillar, characterized by being closed to the outside.

In the fire-resistant covering structure of a beam that blows a fire-proofing agent from the inner surface side of a curtain wall of a building to the inner surface side of the beam that is adjacent to the inner surface in parallel with the inner surface of the curtain wall and the beam. ,
The fireproof coating on the inner and lower portions of the beam 41 is replaced with spraying of the above-mentioned fireproofing agent, has air permeability, and both the front and back surfaces and the outer peripheral surface of the core plate 2 containing crystal water therein are made non-breathable. A fireproof covering structure for a beam, characterized in that it is realized by mounting a fireproof board 1 that is airtightly covered with a flame retardant so that moisture in the core plate is not released outside during heating .