JP3653641B2 - Backrest angle adjustment device - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
[Industrial application fields]
This invention is a reclinable reclining seat used in Shinkansen, conventional express railcars and recreational automobiles, etc., or arranged in multiple rows regardless of the turning type The present invention relates to a cylinder-type backrest angle adjustment device suitable for adjusting the backrest angle of the reclining seat.
[0002]
[Prior art]
As shown in FIG. 5, a cylinder-type backrest angle adjusting device that has been generally used in the past, slidably inserts a piston 3 that bears a piston rod 2 into the cylinder 1, and the piston 3 is used for the cylinder 1. The interior is divided into two working chambers R and H on the rod side and head side filled with hydraulic oil.
[0003]
The inside of the working chamber H located on the head side is further divided into two chambers by the free piston 4, thereby defining a gas chamber G in a portion on the opposite side to the piston 3.
[0004]
The piston 3 is provided with an oil passage 6 provided with an orifice 5 that allows the two working chambers R and H on the rod side and the head side to communicate with each other. A guide rod is provided at an outlet portion of the oil passage 6 on the working chamber H side. An opening / closing valve 8 is provided by slidably inserting the tip of 7 into the piston 3.
[0005]
This on-off valve 8 is pushed to the oil passage 6 side by a synergistic action of the difference between the pressure receiving areas on both sides due to the presence of the guide rod 7 and the hydraulic oil pressure in the working chambers R and H based on the gas pressure in the gas chamber G. The oil passage 6 is closed in a normal state.
[0006]
In order to open / close the open / close valve 8 from the outside, an operating rod 9 is slidably inserted through the axial center portion of the piston rod 2, and the external protruding end of the operating rod 9 is operated by an operating lever 10. By pushing, the on-off valve 8 can be pushed open overcoming the closing force due to the internal hydraulic oil pressure.
[0007]
Further, a stopper 12 is provided in the working chamber R on the rod side by restricting the position by roll caulking 11 applied to the cylinder 1, and the maximum extension position of the piston 3 is restricted by the stopper 12. The minimum fitting length of the piston 3 is guaranteed.
[0008]
Then, the seat backrest angle adjusting device configured as described above is used by using the attachment members 13 and 14 provided respectively at the base end of the cylinder 1 and the external projecting end of the piston rod 2 as shown in FIG. It is interposed between the seat S and the backrest B.
[0009]
Thus, when the backrest B is tilted, the operation lever 10 of the backrest angle adjusting device is operated while pushing the backrest B with the back while sitting on the seat S.
[0010]
As a result, the opening / closing valve 8 in the piston 3 is overcome and pushed open by the operating rod 9 over the closing force due to the hydraulic oil pressure, and the working chambers R and H on the rod side and the head side communicate with each other through the oil passage 6 of the piston 3.
[0011]
For this purpose, the cylinder 1 of the backrest angle adjusting device pushed in the contraction direction through the backrest B pushes the hydraulic oil in the working chamber H from the oil passage 6 to the working chamber R under the restriction of the orifice 5, and the contracting direction. The backrest B falls down at a predetermined speed while contracting the backrest angle adjusting device.
[0012]
At the same time, the free piston 4 operates in the contracting direction while compressing the gas in the gas chamber G at a speed slower than that corresponding to the cross-sectional area difference between the piston rod 2 and the piston 3 with respect to the contracting speed of the cylinder 1. Thus, the backrest B falls down backwards.
[0013]
If the operation lever 10 is released when the backrest B is tilted to a desired angle, the opening / closing valve 8 automatically closes the oil passage 6 of the piston 3 due to the pressure receiving area difference between the two surfaces, thereby adjusting the backrest angle. The device returns to the original locked state and stops while holding the backrest B at a desired angle.
[0014]
On the other hand, when the backrest B is raised forward, the operation lever 10 is operated with the back away from the backrest B, and the open / close valve 8 is opened through the operation rod 9.
[0015]
Then, this time, the cylinder 1 is operated by a synergistic action of the cross-sectional area difference between the working chambers R and H due to the presence of the piston rod 2 and the hydraulic oil pressure in the working chambers R and H based on the gas pressure in the gas chamber G. The hydraulic oil in the chamber R operates in the extending direction while being pushed out from the oil passage 6 to the working chamber H under the restriction of the orifice 5.
[0016]
In addition to the above, the free piston 4 is pushed by the gas pressure in the gas chamber G at a speed slower than that corresponding to the cross-sectional area difference between the piston rod 2 and the piston 3 with respect to the extension speed of the cylinder 1. Operates on the decompression side.
[0017]
Thereby, the backrest angle adjusting device is pushed by the gas pressure in the gas chamber G and automatically operates in the extending direction, and the backrest B is raised forward.
[0018]
Moreover, even in this case, if the operation lever 10 is released and the on-off valve 8 is closed when the backrest B is raised to a desired angle, the backrest B is maintained at the desired angle. Will stop.
[0019]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
Thus, when the above-mentioned backrest angle adjusting device is used for a revolving reclining seat or a reclining seat arranged in a plurality of rows, the following disadvantages occur.
[0020]
That is, in the swivel type reclining seat, the backrest B is raised from the preferred angular position X at the most upright position in FIG. 6 to the front standing end position Z to release the turning lock of the seat S, and the seat is left as it is. It is common to turn S in the horizontal direction to change the direction.
[0021]
Further, even when reclining seats are used in a plurality of rows regardless of the presence or absence of the swing type as described above, the backrest B is raised from the preferred angular position X at the most upright position to the standing end position Z. It is desirable to increase the width of the passage between the seats, thereby facilitating cleaning of the passage between the seats.
[0022]
For this reason, in these revolving seats and multiple row reclining seats, the operating angle of the backrest B must necessarily be made larger than that of a normal reclining seat.
[0023]
As a result, if the above-described conventional cylinder type backrest angle adjusting device is used in such a revolving seat or a plurality of rows of reclining seats, the preferred backrest B has a preferred angular position X and a most upright position Z when standing upright. However, in order to operate, it is necessary to manually operate the operation lever 10 and perform this manually.
[0024]
As a result, it takes too much time to raise and tilt the backrest B beyond the preferred angular position X at the time of most standing, and there is a problem that the efficiency of the turning operation and the cleaning operation does not increase.
[0025]
Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to apply a force to the backrest without operating the operation lever when the seat backrest is raised and tilted between a preferred angular position at the most upright position and the most upright position. It is to provide a cylinder-type backrest angle adjusting device that can be operated easily by adding.
[0026]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
An object of the present invention described above is an operating rod that is provided with a cylinder, a piston rod that is movably inserted into the cylinder via a piston, and an open / close valve provided on the piston, and is inserted into the piston rod. In a backrest angle adjustment device for a cylinder-type seat that can open and close the on-off valve , a spring is built into the stopper for restricting the maximum extension position provided on the cylinder, and the inner end of this spring is against the stopper And an engaging member that engages with one or both of the operating rod and the opening / closing valve, and is supported by a movable spring receiver, and the engaging member protrudes into the cylinder from the opening formed in the piston rod, so that the stopper side This is achieved by facing the spring receiver.
[0027]
[Action]
That is, in the above configuration, the relative positions of the spring receiver and the engagement element in advance so that the spring receiver on the stopper side and the engagement element abut each other when the backrest reaches a preferable angular position at the time of standing upright. Set the relationship.
[0028]
As a result, the spring receiver and the engagement element do not collide with each other within the normal backrest angle adjustment range. Therefore, the open / close valve is operated with the operation lever as in the conventional backrest angle adjustment device. By opening and closing, the angle of the backrest is adjusted while limiting the tilting and standing up speed with the orifice.
[0029]
On the other hand, if the backrest is raised as much as possible beyond the preferred angular position at the time of standing up, the engaging element abuts the spring receiver and applies a compressive force to the spring while compressing the spring. .
[0030]
Therefore, an extension force for returning to the original state of the spring is applied to the opening / closing valve via the engagement element, and the opening / closing valve is forcibly pushed by the extension force to automatically open.
[0031]
As a result, even if the opening operation of the opening / closing valve by the operation lever is released, the backrest angle adjusting device automatically extends to raise the backrest to the standing end position, and releases the lock for turning the seat. Increase the width of the passage between the rear seats.
[0032]
Further, when the backrest is returned from this state, the open / close valve is kept open by the extension force of the spring until the backrest reaches a preferable angular position at the time of standing up.
[0033]
Therefore, by simply applying a force in a tilting direction to the backrest, the backrest returns to the preferred angle position at the most upright position while contracting the backrest angle adjustment device, and at this point the open / close valve is closed. Returning to the state, the backrest will automatically stop.
[0034]
【Example】
Hereinafter, a preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2. However, other configurations and use modes except for a piston and a stopper portion that regulates the most extended position of the piston have been described above. Since there is no difference from the conventional cylinder-type backrest angle adjustment device, only different parts will be illustrated and described here.
[0035]
In FIG. 1, the stopper 12 for restricting the most extended position in the cylinder-type seat backrest angle adjusting device A according to this embodiment is fixed to the cylinder 1 by roll caulking 11 as in the prior art. And the spring 15 is arrange | positioned inside toward the axial direction inside.
[0036]
The outer end of the spring 15 is received by a washer-shaped ring 16 that is crimped to the stopper 12, and the inner end moves in the axial direction to a washer-shaped ring 17 that is also crimped to the stopper 12. A possible spring receiver 18 is held between them.
[0037]
As a result, the spring receiver 18 moves in the stopper 12 while compressing the spring 15 when receiving an axial force from the inside to the outside, and when the force is released, the spring 15 extends. It will return to the original position which contact | abuts with the ring 17 with force.
[0038]
On the other hand, a pin 20 made of a spring pin, a cylindrical pin or the like is press-fitted through the opening 19 formed in the piston rod 2 at the distal end portion of the operation rod 9 that opens and closes the opening / closing valve 8 provided on the piston 3.
[0039]
The end portion of the pin 20 projects into the working chamber R on the rod side through the opening 19 formed in the piston rod 2, and faces this so that the projecting portion can abut against the spring receiver 18 on the stopper 12 side. Yes.
[0040]
Thus, the seat backrest angle adjusting device according to the present invention is constructed by changing the piston of the conventional cylinder-type seat backrest angle adjusting device and the stopper portion for restricting the most extended position of the piston as described above. A performs an operation as described below to adjust the angle of the backrest B in the seat S.
[0041]
That is, in the above configuration, as shown in FIG. 2, when the backrest B reaches the preferred angular position X at the most standing time in FIG. 6, the spring receiver 18 and the pin 20 start to collide with each other. The relative positional relationship between the two is determined in advance.
[0042]
Thus, when the angle of the backrest B is between the preferred angle position X and the most inclined position Y at the most upright position in FIG. 6, the spring receiver 18 and the pin 20 do not collide with each other.
[0043]
Moreover, unless the operation lever 10 forcibly pushes and opens the opening / closing valve 8 on the piston 3 side, the opening / closing valve 8 operates in the working chambers R and H based on the pressure receiving area difference between both surfaces and the gas pressure in the gas chamber G. It is kept in a closed state by synergy with oil pressure.
[0044]
Therefore, when the backrest B is tilted backward in the adjustment range α between the angular position X of the backrest B and the most tilted position Y, which is the normal backrest angle adjustment range described above, Similarly, the user sits on the seat S, operates the operation lever 10, and pushes the backrest B with the back while opening the opening / closing valve 8 through the operation rod 9.
[0045]
Thereby, the backrest B pushed by the back exerts a force in the contraction direction on the cylinder 1 of the backrest angle adjusting device A.
[0046]
With this force, the cylinder 1 pushes the working oil in the working chamber H on the head side from the oil passage 6 of the piston 3 to the working chamber R on the rod side while applying flow resistance through the orifice 5, and slowly contracts at a predetermined speed. To work.
[0047]
At this time, the free piston 4 also operates in the same direction while compressing the pressure gas in the gas chamber G, and absorbs an excess amount of hydraulic oil corresponding to the intrusion volume of the piston rod 2 with respect to the cylinder 1.
[0048]
As a result, the backrest angle adjusting device A contracts, and accordingly, the backrest B tilts backward.
[0049]
Then, if the operating force of the operating lever 10 is released when the backrest B is tilted to a desired angle, the opening / closing valve 8 operates in the cylinder 1 due to the gas pressure in the gas chamber G due to the pressure receiving area difference on both sides. Automatically closed by oil pressure.
[0050]
As a result, the backrest angle adjusting device A returns to the locked state, and the backrest B stops while maintaining a desired tilt angle.
[0051]
On the other hand, when raising the back B forward, the operation lever 10 is operated with the back away from the back B to open the on-off valve 8.
[0052]
Then, this time, the cylinder 1 is pushed by the gas pressure in the gas chamber G, and the working oil in the rod-side working chamber R is added with a flow resistance through the orifice 5 from the oil passage 6 of the piston 3 and the working chamber on the head side. Extrude to H, and slowly move in the extension direction at a predetermined speed.
[0053]
In addition, at this time, the free piston 4 is pushed by the pressure gas in the gas chamber G and operates to compensate for the shortage of hydraulic oil in an amount corresponding to the withdrawal volume of the piston rod 2 relative to the cylinder 1.
[0054]
As a result, the backrest angle adjusting device A is extended, and accordingly, the backrest B is raised toward the front.
[0055]
Then, if the operating force of the operating lever 10 is released when the backrest B is raised to a desired angle, the opening / closing valve 8 is adjusted to the gas pressure in the gas chamber G in the same manner as when the backrest B is tilted. It is automatically closed by the hydraulic oil pressure in the resulting cylinder 1.
[0056]
Thus, the backrest angle adjusting device A returns to the locked state, and the backrest B stops while maintaining its desired standing angle.
[0057]
As described above, when the backrest B is within the normal backrest angle adjustment range in which the backrest B is adjusted within the range α from the preferable angular position X at the most standing position to the most inclined position Y in FIG. By opening and closing the opening / closing valve 8, the angle of the backrest B is adjusted while restricting the tilting and standing up speed by the orifice 5 as in the conventional backrest angle adjusting device.
[0058]
On the other hand, when the backrest angle is adjusted, when the backrest B stands up to a preferred angular position X at the most upright position, as shown in FIG. 2, the spring receiver 18 of the spring 15 provided on the cylinder 1 side moves the operating rod. 9 is abutted against the pin 20 press-fitted into 9.
[0059]
For this reason, assuming that the backrest B is raised as far as possible beyond the preferred angular position X at the most standing position, the spring receiver 18 operates along the stopper 12 while compressing the spring 15 with the ring 16. The opening / closing valve 8 is automatically opened through the operation rod 9 regardless of the operation of the operation lever 10 by pushing the pin 20 with the extension force to return to the original position of the spring 15.
[0060]
At this time, the inner end edge of the opening 19 formed in the piston rod 2 restricts the movement amount of the pin 20 to restrict the opening / closing stroke of the opening / closing valve 8.
[0061]
Therefore, the opening 19 can be any shape such as a round hole or a long hole as long as the pin 20 can move within a certain range (open stroke range of the on-off valve 8) with respect to the axial direction of the operating rod 9. It may be.
[0062]
Further, the oil tightness with respect to the outside of the rod-side working chamber R is impaired by making the opening 19, but this is because the seal 22 is interposed between the piston rod 2 and the operating rod 9. I can deal with it.
[0063]
As a result, even if the opening of the opening / closing valve 8 by the operation lever 10 is released, the cylinder 1 keeps the opening / closing valve 8 open while compressing the spring 15 between the ring 16 and the spring receiver 18. As a result, the stopper 12 of the cylinder 1 continues to move to a position where the stopper 12 hits the piston 3.
[0064]
In this way, the backrest angle adjusting device A continues to operate in the extending direction, raises the backrest B to the standing end position Z, releases the lock for turning the seat S, or between the seat S behind Widen the passage width.
[0065]
Further, when the backrest B is returned from this state, the opening / closing valve 8 is kept open by the extension force of the spring 15 until the backrest B reaches a preferable angular position X at the time of standing up.
[0066]
Therefore, by simply applying a force in the tilt direction to the backrest B, the backrest B returns to the preferred angular position X at the most upright position while causing the backrest angle adjusting device A to contract, and at this point, the backrest B opens and closes. The valve 8 is closed and the backrest B is automatically stopped.
[0067]
Thereafter, the opening / closing valve 8 is opened / closed by the operation lever 10 to adjust the angle of the backrest B as described above.
[0068]
As described above, in the normal backrest angle adjustment range in which the backrest B is adjusted within the range α from the preferred angular position X at the most upright position to the most tilted position Y in FIG. By opening and closing, the angle of the backrest B is adjusted while restricting the tilting and standing speed by the orifice 5 as in the conventional backrest angle adjusting device.
[0069]
Further, within the range θ from the preferred angular position X at the most upright position to the upright end position Z, the spring 15 is compressed by the pin 20 to force the opening / closing valve 8 without the operation lever 10 being manually operated. Pushing open the back B automatically or by applying an external force to stand or tilt from the angle position X to the standing end position Z to release the lock for turning the seat S, or the rear seat S It is possible to widen the passage width between the two.
[0070]
In the above-described embodiment, the pin 20 is provided for the operating rod 9. However, as shown in FIG. 3, the pin 20 is provided on the guide rod 7 side of the opening / closing valve 8 to directly connect the opening / closing valve 8. Even if it is opened, the same operation can be performed.
[0071]
Further, without providing the pin 20 to the opening / closing valve 8 or the operating rods 9, as shown in FIG. 4, a recess 21 is formed to prevent the pin 20 from falling off, and this recess 21 is used as the guide rod 7 of the opening / closing valve 8. It is the same even if it is fitted to the tip of the rod and interposed between the operation rod 9.
[0072]
3 and 4, the operating rod 9 does not move when the opening / closing valve 8 is forcibly pushed open by the pin 20 using the extension force of the spring 15. It is possible to prevent the friction caused by the above from affecting the opening / closing operation of the opening / closing valve 8.
[0073]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the first aspect of the present invention, when the seat back is moved beyond the preferred angular position at the time of standing up, only a force is applied to the backrest without operating the operation lever. Can be raised up to the standing end position automatically.
[0074]
Further, when returning the backrest from the standing end position, it is possible to easily raise the backrest to a preferred angular position at the time of most standing by simply applying a force to the backrest.
[0075]
According to invention of Claim 2, in addition to said effect, the opening stroke of an on-off valve can also be restrict | limited using the opening pierced to the piston rod. The above-described effect can be achieved by providing an engaging element that contacts the slide pin at the tip of the rod.
[0076]
According to the invention of claim 3, the above-mentioned effect can be achieved without being affected by the friction of the seal interposed between the piston rod and the operating rod when the opening / closing valve is forcibly opened / closed by the spring.
[0077]
According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, the above-mentioned effect is achieved without fixing the pin constituting the engagement element to the operation rod or the opening / closing valve, and without being affected by the friction of the seal on the operation rod side. Can be achieved.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional front view of an essential part showing an embodiment of a seat backrest angle adjusting device according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional front view of the main part showing the state of the backrest angle adjusting device when the backrest is operated to a preferred angle position at the most standing time.
FIG. 3 is a fragmentary longitudinal sectional view showing another embodiment of a seat backrest angle adjusting device according to the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a fragmentary longitudinal sectional view showing another modified example.
FIG. 5 is a longitudinal front view showing a conventional seat back angle adjustment device.
FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of mounting the backrest angle adjusting device on a seat and an adjustment range of the backrest angle.
[Explanation of symbols]
A Backrest angle adjusting device B Backrest G Gas chamber H Head side working chamber R Rod side working chamber S Seat 1 Cylinder 2 Piston rod 3 Piston 4 Free piston 5 Orifice 6 Oil passage 8 Open / close valve 9 Operation rod 10 Operation lever 12 Stopper for restricting the most extended position 15 Spring 18 Spring receiver 19 Opening 20 Pin 21 that is an engagement element 21 Depression 22 Seal

Claims (4)

A cylinder that includes a cylinder, a piston rod that is movably inserted into the cylinder via a piston, and an on-off valve provided on the piston, and that can open and close the on-off valve with an operation rod that is inserted into the piston rod. In a seat back angle adjustment device for a seat of the type, a spring is housed in a stopper for restricting the most extended position arranged in the cylinder, and the inner end of this spring is supported by a movable spring receiver with respect to the stopper, An engagement element that engages either one or both of the operation rod and the open / close valve is provided, and the engagement element protrudes into the cylinder from an opening formed in the piston rod and faces the spring receiver on the stopper side. The backrest angle adjustment device.    2. The backrest angle adjusting device according to claim 1, wherein a distance between the inner end of the opening and the engagement element is set in accordance with an opening stroke of the opening / closing valve.    The backrest angle adjusting device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the engaging element is constituted by a pin that is fitted in a radial direction with respect to the on-off valve.    The backrest angle adjusting device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the engaging element is constituted by a pin sandwiched between an operating rod and an opening / closing valve.

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