JP3650925B2 - Drying, concentrating, thawing, roasting, roasting, sterilizing, drying, concentrating, thawing, roasting, sterilizing method and apparatus - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to the drying of various food products such as cut flowers such as fresh flowers such as cut flowers and foliage plants, leaf vegetables, root vegetables, stem vegetables and fruit vegetables, drying of various plants such as tobacco leaves, and seafood. Drying of meat, drying of meat, drying of herbal medicines, medical laundry, industrial laundry, etc., laundry of household laundry, etc., drying of wood, drying of ceramic powder, etc. Drying of parts, raw materials, products, etc., drying methods and devices for drying to be applied to a wide variety of other technical fields, and various types of liquids, gels, pastes, powders, particles, solids, etc. Concentrating method and apparatus for concentrating substances applied to a wide range of industrial fields using the substances to be concentrated, that is, in the various industries such as food industry, restricted industry, cosmetics industry, dye / pigment industry, etc. Goods, animal food It relates thaw method and apparatus of the thawed applied to various thawing art of preserved food, or the like.
[0002]
[Prior art]
  Conventionally, in a drying, concentration, thawing, roasting, and sterilizing apparatus using microwaves, the apparatus is set inside the tank to achieve uniform heating and uniform drying, concentration, thawing, roasting, and sterilization using microwaves. Rotate the object to be dried, the object to be concentrated, the object to be thawed, the object to be roasted, the jig for holding the object to be sterilized and the jig that supports them, or the object to be dried, the object to be concentrated, the object to be thawed, It has been usual to move the roasted product and the object to be sterilized on the conveyor, or to stir the object to be dried, the object to be concentrated, the object to be thawed, the object to be roasted, and the object to be sterilized.
[0003]
  In the case of heating in a microwave oven for a very short time, there were cases where it was heated in a state of standing still, but in a microwave heating apparatus for a long time such as drying, concentration, thawing, roasting, sterilization, an object to be dried There are no methods for drying, concentrating, thawing, roasting, and sterilizing in-situ, concentrated, thawing, roasting, and sterilizing products to be concentrated, to be thawed, to be roasted, and to be sterilized. there were.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
  In the mechanism to rotate the jig to hold the dried material, concentrated material, thawed material, roasted material, and sterilized material, the equipment becomes expensive and the mounting amount is limited and mass production Not suitable for. In addition, in the method of moving the material to be dried, the material to be concentrated, the material to be thawed, the material to be roasted, and the material to be sterilized, the material to be dried, the material to be concentrated, the material to be thawed, the material to be roasted, and the material to be sterilized are often used. In addition, there are disadvantages such as the occurrence of scattered matter, and the apparatus becomes complicated and expensive, and maintenance such as cleaning becomes complicated.
[0005]
  Moreover, in the continuous production method in which the material to be dried, the material to be concentrated, the material to be thawed, the material to be roasted, and the material to be sterilized are moved on a conveyor, the continuous productivity is excellent, but drying, concentration, thawing, roasting, Sterilization control management is difficult. In other words, since it is continuously charged, it is always undried, unconcentrated, unthawed, unroasted, unsterilized material to be dried, material to be concentrated, material to be thawed, material to be roasted, material to be sterilized, dried, concentrated and thawed. It is difficult to detect drying, concentration, thawing, roasting, and sterilization due to a mixture of to-be-dried, to-be-concentrated, to-be-thawed, to-be-roasted, and to-be-sterilized materials. It is hard to say that production efficiency is high. In addition, when each material to be dried, to-be-concentrated, to-be-thawed material, to-be-roasted material, and to-be-sterilized material having different moisture contents is added, each to-be-dried material, to-be-concentrated material and to-be-thawed material are added. Therefore, drying, concentration, thawing, roasting, and sterilization control management are extremely complicated.
In addition, the time and cost for obtaining a good product are required due to the low precision of drying, concentration, thawing, roasting, and sterilization, although the apparatus becomes large. For these reasons, drying, concentrating, thawing, roasting, and sterilizing devices that use microwaves and far-infrared rays simultaneously under reduced pressure have not become widespread.
[0006]
  The present invention has been made in view of the above points. The object of the present invention is to control the pressure of a decompression tank toward one or a plurality of target decompression degrees, and to dry, concentrate, and defrost. To be roasted, to be sterilized, controlled microwave heating and controlled far-infrared heating simultaneously in part or all of the whole process, dried, concentrated, thawed, roasted In the drying method of the product, the object to be sterilized, without giving an operation such as stirring, rotation or movement to the object to be dried, the object to be concentrated, the object to be thawed, the material to be roasted, the object to be sterilized in the vacuum tank, Place dried, concentrated, thawed, roasted, and sterilized items in placePerform uniform heatingAn object is to provide a method and an apparatus for efficiently drying, concentrating, thawing, roasting, and sterilizing.
[0007]
  That is, the present invention provides a jig for a plate, a tray or the like for holding a material to be dried, a material to be concentrated, a material to be thawed, a material to be roasted, a material to be sterilized, and a multi-stage shelf-type jig for supporting them in a vacuum tank. In positionPerform uniform heatingAn object is to solve the problem of low production throughput by a rotating jig or the like by drying, concentration, thawing, roasting, and sterilizing. If you want to dry, concentrate, thaw, roast, and sterilize the product to be dried, product to be concentrated, product to be thawed, product to be roasted, product to be sterilized, and jig, leave plates and trays outside the vacuum chamber. A large number of items to be dried, to be concentrated, to be thawed, to be roasted, and to be sterilized are set on a jig such as a multistage shelf type jig that holds jigs such as plates and trays. It can be mounted in large quantities on utensils, etc., and if this is mounted in a tank using a lifter, etc., the material to be dried, the material to be concentrated, the material to be thawed, the material to be roasted, and the material to be sterilized A large amount of product can be easily introduced.
[0008]
  In addition, to-be-dried material, to-be-concentrated material, to-be-thawed material, to-be-roasted material, to-be-dried material by leaving it to stand without stirring and drying, concentrating, thawing, roasting and sterilizing, The object is to prevent the concentrated material, the thawed material, the roasted material, and the sterilized material from scattering into the tank. However, it is difficult to obtain the uniformity of microwave heating and far-infrared heating because it does not give rotation, stirring, or other movements to the dried, concentrated, thawed, roasted, or sterilized products. However, this point is from claim 2Claim 4This can be solved by arbitrarily combining the above means.
[0009]
  In addition, continuous productivity is good with the conventional means of feeding, moving, loading, moving, to-be-dried, to-be-thawed, to-be-roasted, and to-be-sterilized materials on a conventional belt conveyor. It is difficult to perform proper drying, concentration, thawing, roasting, and sterilization control. That is, it is not a continuous production unless the material to be dried, the material to be concentrated, the material to be thawed, the material to be roasted, and the material to be sterilized are sequentially taken out and taken out. Untreated to-be-dried, to-be-concentrated, to-be-thawed, to-be-roasted, to-be-sterilized and dried, concentrated, thawed, roasted, to-be-dried just before the end of sterilization, to-be-concentrated, to-be-thawed Since the roasted and sterilized materials are always present, the balance between the amount of water vapor generated and the vacuum pump displacement does not change regularly. Accurate drying, concentration, thawing, roasting, and sterilization control by recognizing the amount of change in the degree of vacuum cannot be performed. The problem of this point is that the present invention is a batch method for a large amount of materials to be dried, materials to be concentrated, materials to be thawed, materials to be roasted, and materials to be sterilized.By performing uniform heatingBy drying, concentrating, thawing, roasting, and sterilizing, there are only to-be-dried, concentrated, thawed, roasted, and sterilized items in the vacuum chamber that have almost the same dryness. Therefore, it is possible to obtain highly accurate control by recognizing the change in the degree of decompression and the amount of change in the degree of decompression regularly.
[0010]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The drying method of the material to be dried, the material to be concentrated, the material to be thawed, the material to be roasted, the material to be sterilized according to the present invention is the method of drying the material to be dried, the material to be concentrated, the material to be thawed, the material to be roasted, It was set in a vacuum tank, the pressure of the vacuum tank was controlled toward one or more target vacuum degrees, and controlled to be dried, concentrated, thawed, roasted, and sterilized. Drying, concentration, thawing, and roasting of to-be-dried, to-be-condensed, to-be-thawed, to-be-roasted, and to-be-sterilized materials that perform microwave heating and controlled far-infrared heating simultaneously in part or all of the entire process In the sterilization method, the material to be dried, the material to be concentrated, the material to be thawed, the material to be roasted, the material to be sterilized in the decompression tank is not subjected to mechanical operations such as agitation, rotation, movement, etc. Dried, concentrated, thawed, roasted, and sterilized products are heated in place, and microwave and far infrared dried products In order to uniformly heat the product to be concentrated, material to be thawed, material to be roasted, and material to be sterilized, treat the material to be dried, material to be concentrated, material to be thawed, material to be roasted, material to be sterilized, etc. Hold it with a multi-stage shelf-type jig that supports the fixture, and keep a predetermined distance from the top of the uppermost plate or tray, etc. of the multi-stage shelf-type jig.To cover the entire flat surface of the uppermost plate or tray.Of the ceilingFlatAt a predetermined distance from the lower part of the jig such as the metal reflector and the bottom plate or trayFormed so as to cover the entire flat surface of jigs such as the bottom plate and trayBottomFlatMicrowave and far-infrared partially reflect or totally reflect on metal reflectorLikeIt is a thing.
[0011]
  Delete
[0012]
  In addition, drying, concentration, thawing, roasting, and sterilizing apparatus for drying, concentrating, thawing, roasting, and sterilizing objects according to the present invention include the dried, concentrated, and thawing objects. , Microwave heating device that allows constant or variable input power to the decompression tank for setting roasted and sterilized items, and capable of intermittent or continuous heating, and control panel capable of adjusting irradiation heating temperature A far-infrared heating device equipped with an external device, and a dried product, a concentrated product, a thawed product, a roasted product, and a sterilized product provided with a control unit capable of simultaneously operating microwave heating and far-infrared heating A drying apparatus for drying, concentrating, thawing, roasting, sterilizing, and drying in a state where the sterilization is left standing. , Jigs such as plates and trays for holding the items to be roasted and sterilized, and multistage shelf type jigs that support themIs placed in a vacuum tank, and a heat-resistant microwave transmission body is attached to the part of the leg of the multistage shelf-type jig that is in contact with the vacuum tank.And at a predetermined distance from the upper part of the uppermost plate, tray, or other jig of the multistage shelf-type jig.Flat metal reflector on the ceiling formed to cover the flat front surface of the uppermost plate, tray, or other jigAnd a predetermined distance from the bottom of the lowermost plate or trayFormed so as to cover the entire flat surface of jigs such as the bottom plate and trayBottomFlat metal reflectorIn addition, the microwave and far-infrared are configured to partially or totally reflectdidWith featuresTo do.
[0013]
  The drying apparatus for the object to be dried, the object to be concentrated, the object to be thawed, the object to be roasted and the object to be sterilized according to claim 2 is a microwave and far-infrared object to be dried, the object to be concentrated, the object to be thawed, and the object to be roasted. Multi-stage shelf type jigs supporting jigs such as plates, trays, etc. that hold the objects to be dried, objects to be concentrated, objects to be thawed, objects to be roasted, and objects to be sterilized for uniform heating IngredientA metal reflector is attached to at least a side surface at a position where the temperature rise is high so that the reflector and the multi-stage shelf-type jig maintain an interval that does not induce microwave discharge.Is.
[0014]
  The drying device for dried material, concentrated material, thawed material, roasted material, and sterilized material according to claim 2 or 3 is a microwave and far-infrared dried material, concentrated material, thawed material, coated material. Multi-stage shelf type that supports jigs such as plates, trays, etc. for holding dried items, concentrated items, defrosted items, roasted items, and sterilized items for uniform heating of roasted and sterilized items Along the outer frame of each step of the jigofPlane positionInOf a given areaIt is characterized by installing a reflector that also serves as a multi-stage shelf-type jigIs.
[0015]
Delete
[0016]
  It should be noted that the drying device for the material to be dried, the material to be concentrated, the material to be thawed, the material to be roasted, the material to be sterilized is a plate for holding the material to be dried, the material to be concentrated, the material to be thawed, the material to be roasted and the material to be sterilized. The multi-stage shelf-type jig that supports the jig such as a tray is made of metal, and the tips of the multi-stage shelf-type jig, such as the leg part or the suspension part, are in contact with the inner wall surface of the vacuum chamber. It is preferable to provide a heat-resistant and microwave-transmitting substance with a predetermined thickness between the tip of the shelf-type jig and the inner wall surface of the decompression tank so as not to cause a discharge factor. .
[0017]
  In addition, the drying equipment for the objects to be dried, the objects to be concentrated, the objects to be thawed, the objects to be roasted, and the objects to be sterilized are those for microwaves to be dried, objects to be concentrated, objects to be thawed, objects to be roasted, objects to be sterilized. For uniform heating, to be dried, to be concentrated, to be thawed, to be roasted, to be sterilized, jigs such as plates and trays, to be dried, to be concentrated, to be thawed, A swell of a predetermined shape and a predetermined thickness is provided in a predetermined area at a position substantially at the center of the bottom of those to be roasted and to be sterilized. It is preferable that the thickness of the object to be thawed, the material to be roasted, and the object to be sterilized is reduced.
[0018]
Furthermore, the drying method of the material to be dried, the material to be concentrated, the material to be thawed, the material to be roasted, the material to be sterilized is the method for drying the material to be dried, the material to be concentrated, the material to be thawed, the material to be roasted, the material to be roasted. For uniform heating and to prevent the scattering of dried material, concentrated material, thawed material, roasted material, sterilized material and to continue high-precision control, dried material, concentrated material, In order to prevent the material to be thawed, the material to be roasted, and the material to be sterilized from scattering due to bumping, etc., after the material to be dried, the material to be concentrated, the material to be thawed, the material to be roasted, the material to be sterilized are mounted, It is preferable to cover and fix the upper part of each plate, tray, or the like on which the object to be concentrated, the object to be thawed, the object to be roasted or the object to be sterilized is mounted.
[0019]
  Furthermore, the drying method of the material to be dried, the material to be concentrated, the material to be thawed, the material to be roasted, the material to be sterilized is the material to be dried, the material to be concentrated, the material to be thawed, the material to be thawed, the material to be roasted, and the material to be sterilized. In order to heat evenly, solid dry matter, concentrate, thawed product, roasted product, sterilized product are cut into corrugations with a predetermined thickness, and there is space on the overlapping surface when stacking and mounting It is preferable to load as much as possible so that the microwaves can be applied evenly to the cutting surfaces of the materials to be dried, the materials to be concentrated, the materials to be thawed, the materials to be roasted, and the materials to be sterilized.
[0020]
[Action]
  In the present invention, the object to be dried, the object to be concentrated, the object to be thawed, the object to be roasted, the object to be sterilized, rotating and stirring,
And by placing it in a fixed position without giving rotation to the jigs such as plates and trays that hold them and the jigs that support them, there is little space loss because there is no rotating shaft and it can be mounted in a square shape, The mounting area and volume can be greatly increased. Moreover, mass productivity can be pursued from the simplicity of carrying jigs into the tank using a lifter or the like. In addition, precision is achieved by drying, concentrating, thawing, roasting, and sterilizing by placing the object to be dried, the object to be concentrated, the object to be thawed, the object to be roasted, and the object to be sterilized in a fixed position on a conveyor. Highly dry, concentrated, thawed, roasted and sterilized.
[0021]
  This is because, for precise drying, concentration, thawing, roasting, and sterilization control, it is necessary to capture the change in the degree of decompression based on the balance between the evaporation amount of water and the displacement of the vacuum pump. In the conveyor system, which is a charging method, untreated to-be-dried, to-be-concentrated, to-be-thawed, to-be-roasted, and to-be-sterilized materials are added in order, so that they are not dried, concentrated, thawed, roasted and sterilized. It is difficult to capture the change in the degree of decompression for the control because the constant change in the degree of decompression is not realized because the product and the product just before drying, concentration, thawing, roasting, and sterilization are mixed. According to the method, only the dryness, concentration, thawing degree, roasting degree, and sterilization degree to-be-dried product, concentrated product, to-be-thawed product, roasted product, and sterilized product are in the vacuum tank. Qualitative recognition of water vapor generation and vacuum pump displacement Possible and will, for the first time highly accurate dryness, enrichment, decompression degree, degree of roast, it is possible to sterilize degree detection.
[0022]
  By the metal reflectors at the top and bottom of the shelf-type jig in the apparatus according to the present invention, the material to be dried, the material to be concentrated, the material to be thawed, the material to be roasted, the material to be sterilized and the like at the top and bottom The to-be-dried, to-be-concentrated, to-be-thawed, to-be-roasted and to-be-sterilized products in the stage can be subjected to microwave heating and far-infrared heating with substantially the same power. The setting distance of the reflecting plate from a jig such as a plate or tray and whether it is partial reflection or total reflection is adjusted by the microwave input position, the far infrared reflection position, and the like.
[0023]
  Moreover, the area which a microwave heats can be averaged by the reflecting plate installed horizontally in the side surface of each shelf type jig | tool in the apparatus which concerns on this invention, or each step | level. If there is no reflector, microwaves and far-infrared rays start to be heated from the nearest position. However, since the reflector is also heated to a far position at the same time, it is used for uniform heating. The position, number, and area of the reflecting plate are adjusted by the microwave input position and the far infrared radiation position.
[0024]
  In addition,By setting a reflective frame on the upper part of each of jigs such as a plate and a tray for holding an object to be dried, an object to be concentrated, an object to be thawed, an object to be roasted, an object to be sterilized in the apparatus according to the present invention. Inside the jig such as a plate or a tray, as in claim 2, the microwave and the far-infrared ray simultaneously heat the peripheral portion and the central portion, so that they are subjected to uniform heating. The size of the reflection frame is adjusted according to the size of the plate and the types of the material to be dried, the material to be concentrated, the material to be thawed, the material to be roasted, and the material to be sterilized.
[0025]
  Multistage shelf type jigIf the tip is made of a metal such as stainless steel, if the tip and the inner wall of the decompression tank are too close or in contact with each other, a microwave discharge may occur. A block made of a fluororesin or the like, which is a heat-resistant and microwave transmitting body, is installed between the inner walls of the decompression tank. In general, a thickness of 10 mm or more can prevent discharge, but the thickness is selected by the apparatus.
[0026]
  In addition, it was devised so that more uniform heating can be achieved by adding ingenuity to jigs such as plates and trays that hold dried materials, concentrated materials, thawed materials, roasted materials, and sterilized materials. The center part that is the last heating part by microwaves is raised, and the load of dried, concentrated, thawed, roasted, and sterilized objects in the central part is reduced. Simultaneous heating with the surroundings is performed. The area and height of the portion to be raised are adjusted according to the type of the material to be dried, the material to be concentrated, the material to be thawed, the material to be roasted, and the material to be sterilized.
[0027]
  Furthermore, in the case of a material to be dried, a material to be concentrated, a material to be thawed, a material to be roasted, or a material to be sterilized, which is scattered in the tank due to bumping, etc., the material to be dried, the material to be concentrated, the material to be thawed, Covering the upper part of jigs such as decoction and pasteurized material with a paper material prevents the scattering and ensures high precision control and cleanliness inside the tank. Although it does not have a high rate, it has the ability to transmit microwaves, so it is also used for uniform heating of microwaves.
[0028]
  In addition, when a solid material to be dried, a material to be concentrated, a material to be thawed, a material to be roasted, and a material to be sterilized are flatly cut and loaded, microwave heating is performed when the cut surfaces are completely overlapped. Since it cannot be performed directly on the cut surface, it is difficult to dry, concentrate, thaw, roast and sterilize. Therefore, cutting is performed in a corrugated shape, and mounting is performed so as to create a space by corrugated cutting on the mounting surface on which the dry, concentrated, thawed, roasted, and sterilized objects that have been corrugated when loading. In addition, microwave heating is performed uniformly and evenly on the cut surface.
[0029]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Example 1
  From claim 1Claim 4As an example up to, in a decompression tank using a 5 kw output microwave oscillator, a 4 kw far-infrared heater and a 5 kw vacuum pump, a stationary multi-stage shelf type jig is used, and a multi-stage shelf A 20 mm thick Teflon, which is a heat-resistant and microwave transparent body, is attached to the portion of the mold jig leg that is in contact with the tank, and a measure is taken so as not to cause microwave discharge. . The size of the shelf-type jig was 45 cm square in a plane, the height was 1 m, and the number of shelf steps was seven.
  First, a water temperature rise test using a beaker was conducted without attaching a reflector to a multistage shelf-type jig. One beaker containing 80 cc of water was installed at each of the four corners and the center of each tray, and a total of 35 beakers used 2800 cc of water. In the test, the initial water temperature was 20 ° C., heated for 2 minutes with a 5 kw microwave and PID output controlled without reducing pressure, and the temperature distribution of the water temperature in each beaker was measured three times. A method for obtaining an average value of the water temperature for each beaker was adopted. As a result, the water temperature rise was the fastest at 82 ° C on the lowermost microwave inlet side and 81 ° C on the uppermost microwave inlet side, and conversely the water temperature rise was the slowest in the middle stage ( The temperature was 52 ° C. in the center of the fourth stage). Since there was a difference of about 30 ° C., it was confirmed that considerable non-uniform heating was performed.
[0030]
  Next, as an embodiment of the second aspect of the present invention, a multi-stage shelf-type jig holding a tray is placed on the entire planar surface at a position 100 mm above the upper part of the uppermost tray and at a position 100 mm from the lower part of the lowermost tray. A similar test was conducted with a stainless steel reflector. As a result, the water temperature rise was the fastest at 73 ° C on the same microwave input side and 71 ° C on the uppermost microwave input side, while the water temperature rise was the slowest in the middle stage ( The temperature was 63 ° C. in the center of the fourth stage). Although a significant improvement was observed, a difference of about 10 ° C. was still observed.
[0031]
  Next, as an embodiment of claim 3, a stainless rectangular reflector is provided on the side surface of a multi-stage shelf-type jig close to a beaker having a higher water temperature, and the reflector and the multi-stage shelf-type jig are microscopic. A similar test was performed while measuring the temperature distribution while keeping the interval so as not to induce wave discharge. As a result, the water temperature rise was the fastest at 66 ° C on the second microwave input side from the top and 65 ° C on the second microwave input side from the bottom, and the water temperature rise was the slowest on the contrary. Was 60 ° C. at the center of the center stage (fourth stage). Uniform heating up to a difference of about 5 ° C. was realized.
[0032]
  Next, as a fourth embodiment of the present invention, a stainless steel reflector is attached along the circumference with a width of 30 mm from the outside to the plane position where the tray of each stage of the multi-stage shelf-type jig holding the tray is placed. It was. As a result, the fastest water temperature increase was at the center of 64 ° C. at the second stage from the top and 63 ° C. at the center of the second stage from the bottom. The slowest was 60 ° C. on the microwave input side of the fourth stage. This proved that uniform heating up to a difference of about 4 ° C. was realized.
[0033]
  next,Other examplesThen, the same test was performed by setting a reflection frame composed of a stainless steel angle of 10 mm width on the upper part of each tray. As a result, the difference in water temperature of each beaker was within 2 ° C., and a uniform heating at a high level was observed.
[0034]
  Next, the beaker was replaced with water-containing towels, and heating was carried out by operating a vacuum pump. However, between the legs of the shelf-type jig and the inner wall surface of the decompression tank, a heat-resistant and microwave-permeable material was used. By providing the material with a predetermined thickness, no discharge at the leg tip of the shelf jig was detected. Further, no discharge was detected even when the shelf-type jig was suspended as shown in FIG.
[0035]
Example 2
  From claim 1 described in the first embodimentClaim 4Using the above mechanism, 7 kg of the seasoning paste was dried using the jig having the structure shown in FIG. First, using a flat tray at the bottom, the paste was flatly loaded and dried, but when it was first removed, the center part was somewhat dry, so when it was dried again, the center part was dried, Burning occurred in part of the outer periphery. Next, using a tray with a dome shape so that the bottom of the central portion of the tray is 80 mm in diameter and 7 mm in the center, and mounted so that the surface is flat, and dried. . In this case, the entire paste was uniformly dried and good results were obtained. This is an extremely effective means for automatically mounting paste or the like on a tray by a mechanical device.
[0036]
Example 3
  From claim 1 described in the first and second embodimentsClaim 4Using the mechanism described above, 3.5 kg of egg yolk mounted on a plate or tray was coated with a paper material and dried. First, the upper part of the tray was dried as it was, but the egg yolk flowed out of the tray due to the expansion of the egg yolk, and good drying could not be performed. Next, a silicon processed paper was coated on the upper part of the tray, and this was fixed with a reflective frame in claim 6 and dried. It was possible to prevent the egg yolk from flowing out of the tray and to easily remove the dried egg yolk adhering to the silicon processed paper, and a good drying result was obtained.
[0037]
Example 4
  From claim 1 described in the first and second embodimentsClaim 4Using the mechanism described above, 7 kg of carrots were cut into a corrugated shape with a predetermined thickness, and loaded and dried so that there was space on the overlapping surface when stacked and mounted. Carrots are to-be-dried, to-be-condensed, to-be-thawed, to-be-roasted, and to-be-sterilized even when dried using a rotating jig, resulting in a loss of about 20%. The to-be-dried product, the concentrated product, the thawed product, the roasted product, and the sterilized product. First, the carrot was cut into a plane with a thickness of 5 mm, and this was loaded on a tray with a thickness of about 30 mm and dried. As a result, it took time to dry the portion where the cut surfaces overlapped, and a portion thereof was burnt.
Similarly, it was cut into a corrugated shape with a thickness of about 5 mm, and this was loaded with a thickness of about 30 mm so that a space was formed between each cut surface and dried. Good drying results were obtained with a short drying time.
[0038]
Example 5
  From claim 1 described in the first and second embodimentsClaim 4As a concentration example, 7 kg of strawberry was concentrated. The strawberries were sterilized by removing the sludge before being put into the apparatus and immersing in ethanol as it was. Concentration was started by loading 2 kg each on 7 plates. Concentration was carried out by setting the microwave output to 5 kw, the far-infrared output to 4 kw, and setting about 40 torr in the central reduced pressure range. During the concentration process, the internal temperature of the strawberry was measured with a three-point fiber thermometer. As a result, it was found to be 34 ± 2 ° C. almost consistently in the upper, middle, and lower stages. This coincides with the boiling point of water at 40 torr of about 34 ° C., indicating that the heating temperature is controlled by the degree of pressure reduction and at the same time that uniform heating is performed. The operation was stopped after 40 minutes, and the strawberry was taken out and weighed, and it was 2600 g. That is, 4400 g of water, which is almost 70% of the total moisture, was removed. When this was sanitized, a strawberry paste that was clean, very little oxidized, and very excellent in taste, aroma, and color could be obtained.
[0039]
Example 6
  From claim 1 described in the first and second embodimentsClaim 4As a thaw example, 14 kg of frozen sliced carrots were thawed. When 2 kg each were mounted on 7 plates and the energy was set under the same conditions as in Example 5 and thawing was performed, homogeneous thawing with very little drip could be achieved as a whole. The thawing time was 18 minutes. The thawed carrot was excellent in color, aroma and taste.
[0040]
Example 7
  From claim 1 described in the first and second embodimentsClaim 4As a roasting example, crude tea was fired. 1 kg of rough tea was mounted on 7 plates, and the microwave output was 1 kW. After 25 minutes, heating was terminated, and the heating temperature was measured with thermolabels installed at three locations on each plate, and it was confirmed that the temperature was within the range of 110 ° C ± 3 ° C. This indicates that uniform heating was performed, and an excellent heating without discoloration of the tea leaves could be performed.
[0041]
Example 8
  From claim 1 described in the first and second embodimentsClaim 4As an example of sterilization, the moisture adjustment and sterilization of black pepper were performed at the same time. Seven plates of black pepper with a moisture content of 12% were mounted on each of 7 plates, and the microwave output was 1.5 kW for the initial 20 minutes and 0.2 kW for the latter 25 minutes. In the same manner as in Example 7, the temperature measurement was performed by installing 21 thermo labels in total, 3 locations per plate. After 45 minutes, the heating was terminated and the thermolabel was examined. As a result, the entire area was within the range of 135 ° C. ± 3 ° C. The number of general viable bacteria is 6.2 × 10 before the treatment.⁶The number of heat-resistant bacteria is 3.5 × 10⁴The number of general viable bacteria was 1.2 × 10³The number of heat-resistant bacteria could be reduced to 300 or less. In addition, when the water content was investigated, it was reduced to 1.5%, and the taste was not spoiled with a rich flavor, and a black pepper having a clean and excellent shelf life could be produced. This is a result that can be obtained only when microwaves and far infrared rays are uniformly irradiated.
[0042]
【The invention's effect】
In a fixed position without rotating the dried product, concentrated product, thawed product, roasted product, and sterilized productIt is held by a multistage shelf-type jig that supports jigs such as plates and trays, and is placed at a predetermined distance from the top of the uppermost plate or tray, etc. of the multistage shelf-type jig. Formed to cover the entire flat surface of jigs such as the top plate and trayOf the ceilingFlatAt a predetermined distance from the lower part of the jig such as the metal reflector and the bottom plate or trayFormed so as to cover the entire flat surface of jigs such as the bottom plate and trayBottomFlatMake the microwave and far-infrared partly or totally reflect on the metal reflector.Uniform heatingBy drying, it is possible to remarkably increase the loading amount of the material to be dried, the material to be concentrated, the material to be thawed, the material to be roasted, and the material to be sterilized, which can be used for industrial production for the first time. In addition, since the drive unit for rotating is not necessary, the manufacturing cost of the apparatus is reduced.
[0043]
  Do not stir or move the material to be dried, the material to be concentrated, the material to be thawed, the material to be roasted, or the material to be sterilized, so that the material to be dried, the material to be concentrated, the material to be thawed, the material to be roasted, It is possible to prevent the sterilized product from being scattered and to keep the inside of the decompression tank clean. As a result, highly accurate drying, concentration, thawing, roasting, and sterilization control can be continuously maintained.
[0044]
  Drying, concentrating, thawing, roasting, and sterilization at a fixed position without moving the material to be dried, material to be thawed, material to be thawed, and material to be sterilized without moving the drive unit such as a conveyor or motor Therefore, there is no failure in the apparatus, and the apparatus can be manufactured at low cost. Further, when the conveyor is used, the apparatus is inevitably enlarged, but according to the present invention, mass production is possible with the compact size of the apparatus.
[0045]
  Highly accurate drying, concentration, thawing, roasting, and sterilization control that could not be realized with continuous-feed conveyor systems is possible, and highly accurate drying, concentration, thawing, roasting, and sterilization products are possible in a very short time. Can be obtained in large quantities.
[0046]
  Despite the fact that the spread of drying equipment using microwaves has hardly progressed, the main reasons are mass productivity, uniform heating / uniform drying, uniform concentration, uniform thawing, and uniform roasting. However, the present invention can solve all of these problems. Since the present invention is not a technology that increases the cost of each device, drying, concentration, thawing, roasting, and sterilization devices using microwaves that were previously considered expensive are provided at a reasonable price. Is done.
[0047]
  Microwave is a very excellent energy that can instantly start operation at the time of power entry and stop instantaneous operation at the time of power off, and is also very clean energy. However, this can be realized by the present invention.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a schematic explanatory diagram of an apparatus showing an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a perspective view in the case where reflectors are provided above and below a metal shelf-type jig according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a perspective view in the case where a reflector is provided on the side surface of a metal shelf-type jig showing an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a perspective view when a reflector is provided on the side surface of a metal shelf-type jig showing another embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a perspective view when a reflecting plate is provided for each step of a metal shelf-type jig according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing a reflection frame on a tray according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing a configuration example of a shelf-type jig according to the present invention and a case of a standing type.
FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view showing a configuration example of a shelf-type jig according to the present invention and a hanging type.
9A is a perspective view of a tray according to the present invention, FIG. 9A is a perspective view when a convex portion is provided at the center, and FIG. 9B is a cross-sectional view thereof.
FIG. 10 is a perspective view showing a state in which a paper material is coated on a tray according to the present invention.
FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram in the case of cutting an object to be dried, an object to be concentrated, an object to be thawed, an object to be roasted, and an object to be sterilized into waveforms.
FIG. 12 is an explanatory diagram showing a state in which a dried object, a concentrated object, a thawed object, a roasted object, and a sterilized object cut into a waveform are stored and loaded on a tray.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 decompression tank
    2 Bar-shaped far infrared heater
3 Vacuum pump 4 Pressure reducing valve
5 Depressurization degree adjustment valve
6 Pressure reducing port
7 Microwave oscillator
8 Isolator
9 Waveguide
10 Microwave inlet
11 Thermocouple for far infrared heater 12 Pressure recovery port
13 To-be-dried, to-be-concentrated, to-be-thawed, to-be-roasted, sterilized material loading tray
14a Shelf type jig for supporting trays
14b Hanging tray type shelf support jig
15a Reflector on top and bottom of shelf-type jig 15b Reflector on side of shelf-type jig
15c Reflector for each stage of shelf-type jig 16 Heat-resistant transparent body for preventing discharge
17 Reflection frame
18 Projection on the bottom of the tray
19 Anti-scattering paper material
20 Wave cutter
21 Products to be dried, products to be concentrated, materials to be thawed, materials to be roasted, materials to be sterilized

Claims (4)

The object to be dried, the object to be concentrated, the object to be thawed, the material to be roasted, and the object to be sterilized are set in a decompression tank, the pressure of the decompression tank is controlled toward one or more target degree of decompression, and the object to be dried To-be-condensed, to-be-thawed, to-be-roasted, to-be-dried, to-be-contaminated In the drying, concentration, thawing, roasting, and sterilization methods of the material to be thawed, the material to be roasted, and the material to be sterilized, the material to be dried, the material to be concentrated, the material to be thawed, the material to be roasted, and the material to be sterilized Heat, dry, concentrate, thaw, roast, and sterilize in a fixed position without mechanical action such as agitation, rotation, movement, etc. And far-infrared to-be-dried, to-be-condensed, to-be-thawed, to-be-roasted, and to-be-sterilized materials for uniform heating Hold the product to be concentrated, product to be thawed, product to be roasted, and product to be sterilized with a multi-stage shelf-type jig that supports jigs such as plates and trays. A flat metal reflector on the ceiling and a lowermost plate or tray formed so as to cover the entire flat surface of the uppermost plate or tray or the like at a predetermined distance from the upper part of the jig such as a plate or tray. Microwave and far-infrared rays are partially reflected by a flat metal reflector at the bottom formed so as to cover the entire flat surface of the jig such as the lowermost plate or tray at a predetermined distance from the lower part of the jig. A method for drying, concentrating, thawing, roasting, and sterilizing a material to be dried, a material to be concentrated, a material to be thawed, a material to be roasted, and a material to be sterilized, characterized by being totally reflected. Microwave heating device with constant or variable input power and intermittent or continuous heating in a vacuum tank for setting dry matter, concentrate, thawed product, roasted product, and sterilized product And a far-infrared heating device provided with a control panel capable of adjusting the irradiation heating temperature, and provided with a control unit capable of simultaneously operating microwave heating and far-infrared heating. A device for drying a thawed product, a roasted product, and a sterilized product, wherein the dried product, the concentrated product, the thawed product, the roasted product, and the sterilized product are dried in a state where they are left standing. To be dried, to be concentrated, to be thawed, to be roasted, to be sterilized, a jig such as a plate or tray that holds the sterilized material, and a multi-stage shelf-type jig that supports them are allowed to stand in a vacuum chamber. attaching a heat resistant microwave transparent body portion in contact with the vacuum vessel of the tip portion of the leg of the multi-stage shelf-type jig Ceiling and that as formed to cover the flat front surface of the jig such as the multi-stage shelf-type jig top plate and outermost upper from an upper portion of the jig trays or the like at a predetermined distance of the plate or tray flat metal reflector plate and flat metal bottom which is as formed to cover the planar entire lowermost plate or tray or the like jig outermost lower plate or tray or the like jig at a predetermined distance from the bottom of the the reflection plate, the material to be dried, characterized in that the microwave and far infrared radiation is constructed so as to totally reflect or partly reflected, the concentrate, the thawed, the roasted product, drying of the sterilized product, Concentration, thawing, roasting and sterilization equipment. In order to uniformly heat microwaves and far-infrared materials to be dried, materials to be concentrated, materials to be thawed, materials to be roasted, materials to be sterilized, materials to be dried, materials to be concentrated, materials to be thawed, materials to be roasted, A metal reflector is placed on at least the side surface of the multistage shelf type jig that supports the jig such as a plate or tray that holds the article to be sterilized, at a position where the temperature rise is high, and the reflector and the multistage shelf type jig are supported. The object to be dried, the object to be concentrated, the object to be thawed, the object to be roasted, the drying object to be sterilized according to claim 2, wherein the tool is attached so as to maintain an interval that does not induce microwave discharge . Concentration, thawing, roasting and sterilization equipment. In order to uniformly heat microwaves and far-infrared materials to be dried, materials to be concentrated, materials to be thawed, materials to be roasted, materials to be sterilized, materials to be dried, materials to be concentrated, materials to be thawed, materials to be roasted, Reflector that also serves as a multi-stage shelf-type jig of a predetermined area at a planar position along the outer frame of each stage of a multi-stage shelf-type jig that supports jigs such as plates and trays that hold the items to be sterilized 4. The apparatus for drying, concentrating, thawing, roasting, and sterilizing an object to be dried, an object to be concentrated, an object to be thawed, an object to be roasted, an object to be sterilized, according to claim 2 or 3.

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