JP3648088B2 - Respiratory oxygenator - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a breathing gas supply device including an automatic opening / closing jig that can be operated according to a breathing cycle of a user. More specifically, it is a medical device that is used when patients with chronic respiratory disease perform oxygen inhalation therapy, and supplies oxygen or oxygen-enriched gas as a breathing gas intermittently to the user according to the respiratory cycle. The present invention relates to a respiratory synchronized oxygen supply device.
[0002]
[Prior art]
One of the most effective treatments for respiratory diseases such as emphysema and chronic bronchitis is oxygen inhalation therapy. Recently, an oxygen-enriched air supply device or oxygen cylinder has been used for this therapy. It has become. When the inhalation therapy is performed at a hospital or at home, an oxygen-enriched air supply device or a large-capacity fixed oxygen cylinder is used. However, when the patient goes out to the hospital, a portable oxygen cylinder is used. It is done.
[0003]
Since this is a cylinder carried by a patient with a respiratory disease, it needs to be small and light, and is filled with high-pressure oxygen gas in order to increase the oxygen capacity that can be filled. In addition, in order to further extend the time that can be used by the patient, a breathing sensor and an automatic open / close valve are built in, and oxygen is supplied only during the inspiratory time of the patient, and a demand regulator that stops the supply during the expiratory time is used. Means to save oxygen are used.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
Thus, when a patient carries an oxygen cylinder and uses oxygen-enriched air when going to hospital or going out, it is important that oxygen can be safely inhaled. In particular, such a device is not a specialist, and the patient himself / herself replaces the cylinder. Therefore, it is necessary to ensure safety not only at the time of inhalation but also at the time of oxygen cylinder replacement and maintenance.
[0005]
Normally, the gas cylinder is replaced when the gas in the cylinder is exhausted. However, since such portable medical oxygen cylinders cannot be exchanged on the way, such as when going out, in comparison between the time of use and the remaining amount of the cylinder, even if oxygen remains in the cylinder, it is replaced with a new cylinder. There is a case.
[0006]
In this case, if the cylinder main valve is open, or if high-pressure oxygen remains on the secondary pressure side of the cylinder or the upstream side of the automatic on-off valve of the demand regulator, oxygen may blow out when the cylinder is replaced. Is dangerous because it is a combustion-supporting oxygen gas.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
As a result of intensive studies on the problem, the present inventor has performed an operation of opening the automatic open / close valve of the demand regulator for a certain period of time at the end of use of the breathing synchronized oxygen supply apparatus to release the residual pressure of the pressurized oxygen cylinder, and the pressurized oxygen cylinder. Based on the information obtained from the means for detecting the secondary pressure, it has been found that such a problem can be solved by detecting the closing failure of the cylinder main valve and providing an alarm means.
[0008]
That is, the present invention comprises an oxygen cylinder, a flow rate setting means, an automatic opening / closing valve means, and a detection means for detecting the breathing of the user, and controls the opening / closing of the automatic opening / closing valve means on the basis of the detection result to provide oxygen to the user cannula. A breath tuned oxygen supply apparatus comprising: a control means for performing a stop operation after performing control to open the automatic opening / closing valve means during a use stop operation of the apparatus. It is to provide.
[0009]
Further, the present invention is an apparatus characterized in that the breath-synchronized oxygen supply device includes means for detecting the open / closed state of the main valve of the oxygen cylinder and an alarm unit, and issues an alarm when the main valve open state is detected. In particular, the present invention provides a respiratory tuned oxygen supply device characterized in that the detection means is a pressure sensor.
[0010]
The present invention also includes an oxygen cylinder, a flow rate setting means, an automatic opening / closing valve means, and a detection means for detecting the breathing of the user, and controls the opening / closing of the automatic opening / closing valve means on the basis of the detection result to provide oxygen to the user cannula. The breathing synchronized oxygen supply device for supplying oxygen is provided with a means for detecting the secondary pressure of the oxygen cylinder and an alarm means, and an alarm is issued when the secondary pressure is greater than or equal to a predetermined value when the power is turned off. A respiratory tuned oxygen supply device is provided.
[0011]
The present invention also provides a respiratory tuned oxygen supply device characterized by comprising a residual pressure release means upstream of the automatic opening / closing valve means and downstream of the oxygen cylinder.
[0012]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The respiratory tuned oxygen supply device of the present invention is a device that can set the oxygen supply amount and the supply timing according to the oxygen supply amount to be used by the patient as determined by a doctor's prescription, for example. It is a device that discharges the oxygen upstream of the automatic opening / closing valve to release the residual pressure by the oxygen supply operation.
[0013]
FIG. 1 shows an example of a preferred embodiment of the respiratory tuned oxygen supply device of the present invention.
Such an apparatus has a pressurized oxygen cylinder and one end communicating with the cylinder, the other end having an open type supply means for the oxygen, and a conduit means having an automatic flow path opening / closing means on the way, and the automatic flow path opening / closing. a breathing gas supply apparatus comprising a demand regulator means for controlling the supply amount of control to the oxygen by the Turkey-off time of the unit, the oxygen gas remaining at end of oxygen supply operation, namely the automatic opening and closing valve It is a device that discharges by opening operation.
[0014]
Normally, the automatic open / close valve of the demand regulator is closed. Thus, it is possible to prevent oxygen from flowing out from the cylinder until the main valve of the oxygen cylinder is closed. In such a device, if the patient forgets to close the cylinder main valve when the demand regulator is stopped, or if the cylinder main valve is closed after the demand regulator is turned off, the cylinder main valve and the flow rate setting device The cylinder primary pressure is applied, and an oxygen residual pressure of several kg / cm ² is applied downstream of the flow rate setting device and upstream of the automatic opening / closing valve.
[0015]
If the flow rate setting device is removed from the cylinder for exchanging the cylinder in this state, high-pressure oxygen may be blown out particularly when the remaining amount of the cylinder is large. The present invention is an apparatus that avoids such a risk, and is an apparatus that discharges oxygen upstream of the automatic opening / closing valve to release the residual pressure by opening the automatic opening / closing valve when the use is stopped.
[0016]
The use stop operation of the present invention may preferably be an operation to turn off the power switch of the demand regulator, or a switch for opening the automatic opening / closing valve means other than the power switch is provided separately. It may be an operation to turn on.
[0017]
In addition, the solenoid valve used in the device of the present invention is not particularly limited, but a structure in which the valve is closed by a spring when the power is turned off prevents battery consumption and prevents inflow of dust into the device when the power is stopped. This is preferable in that it can be performed.
[0018]
When the use of the demand regulator is stopped, it is a principle for the safe handling of the user to close the main valve of the cylinder. If the main valve is closed, the residual oxygen pressure can be released by this operation. However, if the patient forgets to tighten the main valve, there is a possibility that residual oxygen in the cylinder is wasted by the operation of opening the automatic opening / closing valve. In order to avoid such a state, the present invention has means for detecting the open / close state of the cylinder base valve by the pressure generated at the time of discharge.
[0019]
Such detection means discharges oxygen gas remaining at the end of use for a certain period of time by the oxygen supply operation, then measures the pressure generated in the discharge route, compares the measurement result with a certain reference value, and opens and closes the cylinder main valve. A means for confirming is preferable.
[0020]
As a pressure measuring sensor used for the pressure sensor, a pressure transducer such as a capacitance type pressure transducer, a differential transformer, a strain gauge type inductance conversion, an electric resistance conversion method or the like can be used. In particular, it is preferable to use a semiconductor pressure sensor.
[0021]
Further, the conduit 5 is provided with a breathing phase detecting means 9 having a function capable of detecting at least a part of a predetermined phase, and has a control means 10 for controlling the demand valve 3.
[0022]
The control means discharges oxygen gas remaining at the end of use for a certain period of time by an oxygen supply operation, then measures the pressure generated in the discharge path by the pressure sensor 11, converts the pressure data into an electrical signal, and sends a signal to the computer. send. The computer software converts the pressure data into a cylinder residual pressure when discharged for a certain period of time, compares the pressure with a certain reference value, and confirms whether the cylinder main valve is open or closed by the following judgment formula 1.
[0023]
[Judgment formula 1]
Cylinder base valve open: Reference pressure ≤ Cylinder residual pressure cylinder base valve Closed: Reference pressure> Cylinder residual pressure [0024]
Further, the apparatus of the present invention is provided with alarm means, and when it is determined that the cylinder main valve is open based on the result determined by such means, an alarm signal can be issued to prompt the user to tighten the main valve. Such alarm means may be a digital display representing the alarm state as a number, a digital display / a method of lighting or blinking the LED lamp, a voice display, or a combination thereof.
[0025]
The breathing phase detecting means 9 and the cylinder residual pressure detecting means 11 are means having different detection targets and may be separate means, but it is preferable to use them as means having both functions by using one pressure sensor. . The respiration detection means used in the conventional breathing gas sharing device needs to be installed separately because the measurement range is different, but it is possible to omit one of the detection means by widening both ranges. Become.
[0026]
A preferred embodiment of the respiratory gas supply apparatus of the present invention will be further described with reference to FIG. 2 with respect to detection means, input means, calculation means, and result display means.
[0027]
Oxygen emitted from the oxygen cylinder 1 which is a breathing gas generating means passes through a pressure reducing valve 101 and a pressure regulating valve 102, and is supplied to a conduit means 5 having a maximum flow rate setting device 31 and an automatic flow path opening / closing (valve) means 3. It is discharged from the nasal cannula 7 which is an open type supply means.
Note that the maximum flow rate setting device may be a flow meter such as a normal rotor meter, and has a flow restrictor function such as a plurality of orifices having openings of different sizes. You may use the flow volume setting means which sets a flow volume by switching a part.
[0028]
Further, the breathing phase detection means 9 provided with a diaphragm type micro pressure fluctuation sensor provided at the branch from the conduit means 5 converts the pressure fluctuation in the breathing into the fluctuation of the capacitance, and the conversion circuit 12 in the control means 10 converts the pressure fluctuation. The change in electrostatic capacitance is converted into an electric pulse signal, and the count circuit 14 converts the electric pulse signal into a signal having the number of pulses per unit time (for example, 10 msec).
[0029]
The pulse number signal output from the count circuit 14 is preferably smoothed by the smoothing circuit 16 to reduce noise. This is simply achieved by a moving average operation in which the current data and the past several times, for example, three times of data are integrated to obtain an average of the four data.
[0030]
Using the digital signal obtained in this way, the intake start point detection means 18 in the CPU 11 such as a microcomputer calculates a fluctuation amount, that is, a differential value of the digital signal with respect to time, and the value is larger than a predetermined value. Detected as a breathing start point. The predetermined value is set by the respiration detection sensitivity setting value storage unit and is preferably set by input from an external input means.
[0031]
Similarly, the pressure generated in the discharge path after the oxygen gas remaining at the end of use for a certain period of time is discharged by the cylinder residual pressure detecting means 11 provided with a diaphragm type micro pressure fluctuation sensor provided at the branch from the conduit means 5. Is converted into a change in capacitance, the change in capacitance is converted into an electric pulse signal by the conversion circuit 13 in the control means 10, and the electric pulse signal is further converted into a pulse per unit time (for example, 10 msec) by the count circuit 15. Number signal.
[0032]
The pulse number signal output from the count circuit 15 is preferably smoothed by the smoothing circuit 17 to reduce noise. This is simply achieved by a moving average operation in which the current data and the past several times, for example, three times of data are integrated to obtain an average of the four data.
[0033]
Using the thus obtained digital signal, the cylinder main valve opening / closing detection means 19 in the CPU 11 such as a microcomputer calculates the residual pressure of the cylinder, and the cylinder main valve is opened when the value is larger than a predetermined value. Detected as The predetermined value is set by the cylinder residual pressure set value storage unit.
[0034]
The breathing phase detection means 9 and the cylinder residual pressure detection means 11 are originally separate devices, but in the device of the present invention, they may be separate devices, but it is preferable to use both in an integrated manner. In the conventional apparatus, since the range of the detection means is different, it is necessary to install them separately, but it is possible to omit one of the detection means, the count circuit, and the smoothing circuit by combining both ranges widely.
[0035]
Based on the above results, if the cylinder main valve is open, an alarm signal is output to the display means 45, and if the cylinder main valve is closed, the power is automatically turned off and the process ends.
[0036]
As another embodiment of the breath tuned oxygen supply apparatus of the present invention, an oxygen cylinder, a flow rate setting means, an automatic opening / closing valve means, and a detection means for detecting a user's breathing are provided, and an automatic opening / closing valve means based on the detection result. The breathing synchronized oxygen supply apparatus that controls the opening and closing of the apparatus and supplies oxygen to the user's cannula is provided with means for detecting the secondary pressure of the oxygen cylinder and alarm means, and the secondary pressure is controlled when the apparatus is turned off. There is a breath-synchronized oxygen supply device characterized in that an alarm is issued when a predetermined value is exceeded.
[0037]
In the case of such an apparatus, the secondary pressure detection means of the oxygen cylinder is provided on the primary side (cylinder side) from the automatic opening / closing valve means, or the detection means is provided on the secondary side (patient side) from the automatic opening / closing valve means. good. Such a detection means preferably uses a pressure sensor as described above.
[0038]
When such a detection means is provided on the primary side of the automatic opening / closing valve means, the pressure applied to the sensor is measured by closing the solenoid valve after the operation of releasing the residual pressure. Judge and issue an alarm. On the other hand, when there is a detection means on the secondary side (patient side), after the operation of releasing the residual pressure, the solenoid valve is closed and the solenoid valve is opened again to measure the pressure increase per time. If it is equal to or greater than the predetermined value, it is determined that the main valve is open.
[0039]
The means for releasing the residual pressure may be an automatic open / close valve means, or may be an apparatus provided with a manual residual pressure release means upstream of the automatic open / close valve means and downstream of the oxygen cylinder.
[0040]
【The invention's effect】
According to the present invention, high-pressure oxygen gas can be prevented from flowing out during oxygen cylinder replacement, and the safety of using a portable cylinder can be improved.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a schematic flowchart schematically showing a preferred embodiment of a respiratory synchronization oxygen supply apparatus of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic flowchart schematically showing a preferred embodiment of the respiratory synchronization oxygen supply apparatus of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic program flowchart of a respiratory synchronized oxygen supply device cylinder residual pressure detection / control unit according to the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Oxygen cylinder 3 Demand valve 5 Extension tube 7 Nasal cannula 8 Microcomputer 9 Respiration detector 10 Control means 11 Cylinder residual pressure detection part 12, 13 Conversion circuit 14, 15 Count circuit 16 Intake start detector 17 Cylinder residual pressure detection part 18 Respiration cycle calculation unit 19 Cylinder residual pressure calculation unit 20 Solenoid valve control unit 25 Calculation unit 31 Flow rate setting unit 45 Display unit 101 Cylinder original valve 102 Pressure control valve

Claims (4)

An oxygen cylinder, a flow rate setting means, an automatic opening / closing valve means that closes when stopped , and a detection means for detecting a user's breathing are controlled, and the opening / closing of the automatic opening / closing valve means is controlled based on the detection result. In the breathing synchronized oxygen supply apparatus for supplying oxygen to the cannula, means for detecting the open / closed state of the main valve of the oxygen cylinder is provided downstream of the automatic open / close valve means, and the automatic open / close valve means at the time of operation stoppage of the apparatus A breathing synchronized oxygen supply device comprising: control means for performing a stop operation after performing control for opening the valve. Comprising a has alarm means the respiratory tuning oxygenator, when detecting main valve open state of the oxygen bomb respiratory tuning oxygen supply apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that for issuing an alarm.   The respiratory synchronized oxygen supply device according to claim 2, wherein the detecting means is a pressure sensor. The cylinder residual pressure when discharged for a certain period of time is calculated from the pressure data of the pressure sensor when control is performed to open the automatic on-off valve means during the operation stop operation of the apparatus, and the original 4. The respiratory tuned oxygen supply device according to claim 3, further comprising comparison calculation means for determining an open / closed state of the valve.

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