JP3644026B2 - Seismic construction method, seismic equipment and seismic equipment for wooden structures - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a seismic construction method, a seismic apparatus, and a seismic apparatus for a wooden structure which are intended to reduce the vibration of the wooden structure during an earthquake (vibration isolation) and prevent damage to each part due to the earthquake.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In the case of wooden structures, it is a general construction method for earthquake-resistant buildings that reinforces various joints by using a lot of hardware.
[0003]
Further, a support means using an uneven spherical surface has been proposed between the foundation and the base (or house) (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 9-32002).
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The heavy use of metal fittings in the above-mentioned joints, etc. has greatly improved the reinforcement of the joints, etc., but the edge between the foundation and the building is cut, and this causes the building to shake due to the earthquake. There is a problem that is not useful for making the size smaller (so-called vibration isolation).
[0005]
In addition, the proposal to insert an uneven spherical surface between the foundation and the foundation is not sufficient in terms of the stability of the building even if it has a vibration isolation effect, and the current returnability tends to be inaccurate. There is a point.
[0006]
[Means for solving the problems]
According to the present invention, the part receiving the weight of the building (bearing tool and abutment tool) increases the degree of freedom of vibration (variable in all directions) and restricts the vibration width (giving resistance) by the anchor bolt. The conventional problems have been solved.
[0007]
That invention construction method, the elastic support member forming a concave spherical surface on the upper surface and fixed on a concrete foundation, on the concrete foundation, convex spherical surface out Rise stainless steel plate smaller radius radius of the a lower surface concave spherical surface put a foundation with a fixed metal contact member having a concave spherical surface of the elastic support member, it causes swingably abut the convex spherical surface of the metal contact member, and projecting fixed to the concrete foundation Insert the upper end protruding part of the anchor bolt loosely into the bolt hole of the base, and insert the elastic washer with the rubber plate sandwiched between the upper and lower steel plates at the upper end of the anchor bolt and then the upper end of the anchor bolt parts in a seismic construction method of wooden structure which is characterized in that tightening the basis of base screwed a nut, concrete foundation metal abutment member having a convex spherical surface that bulges in a stainless steel plate on the upper surface Fixed to, on the concrete foundation, the lower surface, put the foundation with a fixed resilient bearing member formed with a large radius concave spherical surface than the radius of the convex spherical surface, and concave spherical surface of the elastic support member, said metal equivalents The upper surface of the anchor bolt protruding from the concrete base is loosely inserted into the bolt hole of the base and protruded from the base at the upper end of the anchor bolt. This is an earthquake resistant construction method for a wooden structure characterized in that an elastic washer having rubber plates sandwiched between upper and lower steel plates is fitted to the part, and then a nut is screwed onto an anchor bolt to tighten on a foundation.
[0008]
In addition, the invention of the seismic device can swing between the upper surface of the concrete foundation and the lower surface of the foundation and has a concave and convex spherical surface in which the radius of the concave spherical surface of the elastic bearing is larger than the radius of the convex spherical surface of the metal contact tool. The upper end of the anchor bolt protruding from the concrete foundation is loosely inserted into the bolt hole of the base, and the rubber plate is sandwiched by the upper and lower steel plates at the upper end of the anchor bolt from the base. fitted to the elastic washer, a seismic device wooden structure, characterized in that it has fastened to the base of the foundation is screwed a nut anchor bolt, the bearing means has swelled from a metal plate A metal contact tool having a convex spherical surface and an elastic bearing device having a concave spherical surface are in contact with each other in a swingable manner. The elastic support device is a natural rubber plate or a synthetic rubber plate embedded with a steel plate. is there.
[0009]
Further, the invention of an earthquake-resistant device is a wooden structure characterized in that a steel plate is embedded in a natural rubber plate, a synthetic rubber plate or a polyurethane plate, a concave spherical surface is provided on the upper surface, and a drainage means is provided at the bottom of the concave spherical surface. It is a seismic device for things. It is also an anti-seismic device for wooden structures, characterized in that a metal plate is in contact with the upper and lower surfaces of a natural rubber plate, synthetic rubber plate or polyurethane plate, and a bolt hole is provided in the center. In the swollen metal abutment tool, the quake-proof device for a wooden structure is characterized in that the radius of the convex spherical surface is made smaller than the radius of the concave spherical surface of the elastic bearing member.
[0010]
In the above invention, the elastic bearing must be made of a material having elasticity and durability that can sufficiently withstand the maximum load (for example, about 500 kg / cm ² ) applied to the lower part of the column in a wooden structure. Accordingly, natural rubber plates, synthetic rubber plates, polyurethane plates and other synthetic resins are also conceivable. In short, it must have sufficient compressive strength both during an earthquake and during normal times, and must have the ability to automatically recover by deforming within the elastic limits and absorbing vibrations as appropriate.
[0011]
In addition, the installation location is under the floor, exposed to the outside air and moisture, and can withstand a temperature difference of several tens of degrees in summer and winter, even if there is little sudden change in temperature, and it has no weather resistance other than temperature must not.
[0012]
Further, the abutment tool is preferably a metal plate which is made of stainless steel and has rigidity. By using an elastically deformable material for the support member and a rigid and non-deformable material for the abutment device, it is possible to obtain a vibration isolating means using a vibration isolation structure having the necessary strength and durability.
[0013]
Next, the anchor bolt prevents the resonance phenomenon from occurring in the event of an earthquake with a large amplitude, as it prevents the structure from excessively moving in the horizontal direction and preventing the support and the abutment from coming off. Regulates the support and the contact so as not to come off.
[0014]
In the earthquake-resistant device according to the invention, the support and the contact tool are as described above, but the washer of the anchor bolt is also required to have sufficient strength and deformation within the elastic limit. In other words, for sufficient strength, steel plates are in contact with both the upper and lower surfaces of natural rubber plates, synthetic rubber plates, polyurethane plates, and other strong elastic synthetic resin plates, and if necessary, steel plates are embedded in the middle part for a long time. Therefore, it is necessary to possess elasticity and toughness.
[0015]
Therefore, the above was developed as a washer for an anchor bolt, but it is of course useful as a washer for fastening bolts of other structures.
[0016]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The present invention provides a wooden structure according to the present invention by interposing a support and an abutting tool that are in contact with a concave and convex spherical surface between a concrete foundation and a base, and loosely inserting and fixing an anchor bolt into a bolt hole of the base. The earthquake-proof construction method and earthquake-proof device for the building were completed.
[0017]
In addition, one of the support or contact tool is a metal convex spherical surface, the other is an elastic concave spherical surface, and the radius of the concave spherical surface is larger than the radius of the convex spherical surface, so that the degree of freedom of edge cutting of the contact portion is increased. Is made larger.
[0018]
Moreover, it is an earthquake-resistant instrument in which a steel plate is embedded in a rubber plate to improve the rigidity of the support on the concave hemisphere, and the rigidity of the seat plate is improved by contacting the steel plate on both the upper and lower surfaces of the rubber plate.
[0019]
[Example 1]
An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1, 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7. The support 2 is fixed to the upper surface of the concrete foundation 1. The support 2 has a steel plate 4 embedded in a lower part (for example, a position of 1/3 of the thickness from below) of a rubber plate 3 (for example, 60 mm thick) made of synthetic rubber, and a concave spherical surface 5 on the upper surface of the rubber plate 3. (FIG. 6). In the figure, 6 is a drain hole.
[0020]
The support 2 is fixed to the nut 7 embedded in the concrete foundation 1 by screwing a bolt 9 inserted from the bolt holes 8 and 8 of the rubber plate 3.
[0021]
Next, a stainless steel abutting tool 11 is fixed to the lower surface of the base 10 (below the connecting portion of the pillar 22) with a wood screw 12. The abutting tool 11 is formed by bulging a convex spherical surface 11b on a rectangular stainless steel plate 11a (FIG. 5).
[0022]
Since the radius (for example, 60 mm) of the concave spherical surface 5 is larger than the radius (for example, 45 mm) of the convex spherical surface 11b, the degree of freedom of swinging of the support device 2 and the contact device 11 during an earthquake is relatively large. Therefore, both can swing freely.
[0023]
Further, the other end of the anchor bolt 13 whose one end is embedded in the concrete foundation 1 is loosely inserted into the bolt hole 14 of the base 10. For example, an anchor bolt 13 having a diameter of 12 mm is inserted into a bolt hole 14 having a diameter of 30 mm or more.
[0024]
The anchor bolt 13 is fastened and fixed to the base 10 with a nut 18 via a washer 17 having steel plates 16, 16a (circular or polygonal) in contact with the upper and lower surfaces of the synthetic rubber plate 15. In the figure, reference numeral 19 denotes a fitting hole for the washer 17.
[0025]
In the above embodiment, when the concrete foundation 1 reciprocates in the directions indicated by arrows 20 and 21 due to an earthquake, the vibration transmitted by the anchor bolt 13 is small, and the movement of the support 2 is transmitted loosely to the abutment 11. The vibration due to the earthquake is attenuated by the rubber plate 3 (the bearing is deformed).
[0026]
Therefore, the shaking of the building is reduced, the force applied to each joint is also reduced, and the damage can be prevented beforehand. However, when the earthquake stops, the anchor bolt 13 returns the relative position of the support 2 and the contact tool 11 to the old position.
[0027]
If rainwater (or condensed water) enters the support 2, it is removed from the drain hole 6, but there are few opportunities for water to enter depending on the installation position of the support 2. Therefore, the drain hole 6 is not an essential requirement.
[0028]
The washer 17 maintains the same elasticity for a long period (10 to 30 years) and maintains a tightened state, and can be used as a fastening washer for a building other than the earthquake-resistant device.
[0029]
The washer 17 contacts the steel plates 16 and 16a on both the upper and lower surfaces of the synthetic rubber plate 15. However, the synthetic rubber plate 15 and the steel plates 16 and 16a are separated from each other because they do not have to be bonded with an adhesive or the like. Can also be assembled on site. In some cases, the steel plate 16b is embedded in an intermediate portion of the synthetic rubber plate 15 (FIG. 7B). The shape of the steel plate 16 is a plane circle or a polygon (for example, an octagon), but is not specified. In the figure, 23 is a bolt hole.
[0030]
The support 2 in the above embodiment embeds the steel plate 4 so as not to be deformed excessively, but leaves a rubber thickness that is not exposed from the bottom of the concave spherical surface 5 and that does not increase the amount of deformation. preferable. The elastic support 2 is fastened and fixed with bolts 9 and 9, but since the steel plate 4 is embedded, there is no excessive deformation.
[0031]
The elastic support 2 is elastic and easily deformed, but since the abutment 11 is formed of a metal plate, the spherical surface is not likely to be deformed. Therefore, the vibration isolator is constituted by the support 2 and the contact tool 11.
[0032]
The bearing device 2 and the abutment device 11 preferably have substantially the same durability as that of the building, but can be partially replaced if it becomes unusable due to some special circumstances. is there.
[0033]
If it does as mentioned above, since a considerable space is made between the foundation and the concrete foundation, there is no need for a vent hole, air permeability under the floor can be improved, and moisture can be prevented beforehand. However, it is the same as the current building that it is better to stretch a net or the like so that small animals do not enter under the floor in the vicinity of the building.
[0034]
[Example 2]
In the embodiment shown in FIG. 2, the contact tool 11 of the first embodiment is fixed to the upper surface of the concrete foundation 1, and the support tool 2 is fixed to the lower surface of the base 10 (the support tool 2 and the contact tool 11 are connected to each other). The material and the operational effects are the same as those in the first embodiment, and the detailed description is omitted.
[0035]
【The invention's effect】
According to the construction method of the present invention, the support tool and the abutment tool are fixed to predetermined positions, respectively, the base is placed on the concrete foundation, and the anchor bolt is tightened. There is an effect that it can be easily and reliably assembled without requiring a technique.
[0036]
Further, according to the seismic device of the present invention, the load of the building is swingably supported by contacting the concave spherical surface of the elastic bearing with the convex spherical surface having a radius smaller than the radius of the concave spherical surface. Since the amplitude and the vertical movement are regulated by the anchor bolt that is loosely inserted , a sufficient seismic isolation effect can be expected, and the resonance phenomenon of each part can be prevented.
[0037]
According to the earthquake-resistant device of the present invention, sufficient durability can be imparted by deformation within the elastic limit, and the required strength can be imparted, and a long and reliable earthquake-resistant building can be obtained.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is an explanatory view in which a part of an embodiment of the present invention is cut in section and a part thereof is omitted.
FIG. 2 is an explanatory view of another embodiment.
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view perpendicular to FIG.
4 is a cross-sectional view perpendicular to FIG.
FIG. 5 is a perspective view of an embodiment of a contact tool.
FIG. 6 is a perspective view of an embodiment of the bearing device.
FIG. 7A is a sectional view of an embodiment of a washer.
(B) Cross-sectional view of another embodiment.
(C) The same top view.
FIG. 8A is a plan view of an embodiment of a steel plate that similarly contacts the upper and lower sides of the synthetic rubber plate 15;
(B) The top view of another Example similarly.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Concrete foundation 2 Support tool 3 Rubber plate 4 Steel plate 5 Concave spherical surface 6 Drain hole 7, 18 Nut 8, 14, 23 Bolt hole 9 Bolt 10 Base 11 Contact tool 11a Stainless steel plate 11b Convex spherical surface 12 Wood screw 13 Anchor bolt 15 Synthetic rubber Plate 16, 16a Steel plate 17 Washer 19 Insertion hole 22 Column

Claims (7)

An elastic support member forming a concave spherical surface on the upper surface and fixed on a concrete foundation, on the concrete foundation, a metal contact member having a convex spherical surface which issued Rise stainless steel plate at a smaller radius radius of the a lower surface concave spherical surface put a fixed base, a concave spherical surface of the elastic support member, and a convex spherical surface causes swingably abut the metal contact member, the upper projecting portion of the projecting fixed anchor bolts to the concrete foundation Insert an elastic washer with rubber plates sandwiched between upper and lower steel plates into the protruding part of the base at the upper end of the anchor bolt, and then screw a nut onto the upper end of the anchor bolt. Seismic construction method for wooden structures, characterized by tightening on the foundation . A metal contact member having a convex spherical surface that bulges in a stainless steel plate on the upper surface and fixed onto a concrete foundation, on the concrete foundation, the lower surface, the elastic support member formed with a radius greater than the radius of the concave spherical surface of the convex spherical surface put a fixed base and a concave spherical surface of the elastic support member, and a convex spherical surface causes swingably abut the metal contact member, an upper end projecting portion of the anchor bolt projecting from fixed to the concrete foundation Insert an elastic washer with rubber plates sandwiched between the upper and lower steel plates at the upper end of the anchor bolt, and then screw the nut onto the anchor bolt. Seismic construction method for wooden structures characterized by tightening to the foundation . Between the upper surface of the concrete foundation and the lower surface of the base, a swingable support means having an uneven spherical surface in which the radius of the concave spherical surface of the elastic bearing device is larger than the radius of the convex spherical surface of the metal contact tool is interposed. At the same time, the upper end of the anchor bolt protruding from the concrete foundation is loosely inserted into the bolt hole of the base, and the upper end of the anchor bolt is fitted with an elastic washer with rubber plates sandwiched between the upper and lower steel plates. , seismic devices wooden structure, characterized in that it has fastened to the base of the foundation is screwed a nut anchor bolt. Bearing means includes a metal contact member having a convex spherical surface was bulged from the metal plate, wooden structure according to claim 3, characterized in that the elastic support member has pivotably abuts with concave spherical Earthquake-proof device.   5. The earthquake resistant device for a wooden structure according to claim 4, wherein the elastic bearing member is a steel plate embedded in a natural rubber plate or a synthetic rubber plate. 5. A seismic apparatus according to claim 3 , wherein a steel plate is embedded in a natural rubber plate, a synthetic rubber plate, or a polyurethane plate, and a concave spherical surface is provided on the upper surface, and a water draining means is provided at the bottom of the concave spherical surface. Seismic appliances for wooden structures used for construction. 5. A seismic resistance of a wooden structure used in a seismic resistance device according to claim 3 or 4 , wherein a metal plate is brought into contact with the upper and lower surfaces of a natural rubber plate, a synthetic rubber plate or a polyurethane plate, and a bolt hole is provided in the center portion. Instruments.

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