JP3630022B2 - Air conditioner for vehicles - Google Patents

Air conditioner for vehicles Download PDF

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Publication number
JP3630022B2
JP3630022B2 JP20965999A JP20965999A JP3630022B2 JP 3630022 B2 JP3630022 B2 JP 3630022B2 JP 20965999 A JP20965999 A JP 20965999A JP 20965999 A JP20965999 A JP 20965999A JP 3630022 B2 JP3630022 B2 JP 3630022B2
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Japan
Prior art keywords
air
duct
heater
passage
discharge passage
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JP20965999A
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Japanese (ja)
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JP2001001745A (en
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徳之 三宅
逸平 郡
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Mitsubishi Fuso Truck and Bus Corp
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Mitsubishi Fuso Truck and Bus Corp
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、車両特に直結式冷房装置を備えたバスに採用されて好適な空気調和装置に関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
従来、製造コスト上の利点から広く路線バスに採用され、また前後輪間における車体側方下部に十分大きな容積のトランクルームを設けることができるという利点があるため、一部の観光バスにも所謂直結式冷房装置が採用されている。直結式冷房装置又はシステムを備えたバス(以下直結式冷房バスという)では、冷房装置と暖房装置とが別個の独立したシステムを構成し、かつ冷房装置の要部を形成するエバポレータ及び冷風送風機を含むクーラユニットが車体の天井部分に配置されている。いま、直結式冷房バスの概略構造を、便宜的に本発明の好ましい実施形態を示した図1の斜視図を採用して説明する。
【0003】
図1に総括的に符号10で示されたバスの前端付近の天井部分に、少くともエバポレータ及び冷風送風機を含むクーラユニット12が配置され、同クーラユニット12の前方に協働するコンデンサユニット14が配置されている。また、車室16の天井部分の左右両側部に沿い車両前後方方向に延在する一対のクーラダクト18が設けられ、各クーラダクト18には、車室16の中央通路上方部分に向って横方向に冷風を吹出す多数の吹出口20及び乗客の座席に向って下向きに冷風を吹出す多数の吹出口22とが設けられている。さらに、車室16のフロアの左右両側部に沿い車両前後方向に延在する一対のヒータダクト24が設けられ、各ヒータダクト24には、座席に着座した乗客の足元部分に温風を吹き出す多数の吹出口26が設けられている。
【0004】
上記ヒータダクト24の前後端付近に、エンジン28の冷却水を熱源として空気を加熱するヒータと、同ヒータにより加熱された温風を上記ヒータダクト24内に給送する温風送風機とを収蔵したヒータユニット30が配設されている。各ヒータユニット30には、エンジン28の冷却水系に連通する給水管32及び戻り管が接続されているが、図1では、図面の過度の混雑を避けるため給水管32の一部のみが示され、戻り管は省略されている。また、エンジン28によってベルト駆動される冷媒コンプレッサ34が設けられ、同コンプレッサ34で圧縮された高温高圧の冷媒は、冷媒供給管36からコンデンサユニット14内のコンデンサに送られ 冷却されて高温高圧の液相冷媒となる。液相冷媒は、図示を省略されているレシーバから膨張弁を経てクーラユニット12内に収容されたエバポレータに供給され、ここで周囲の空気から熱を奪って気化し、戻り管38から再びコンプレッサ34に戻る。エバポレータにより冷却された空気は、上記クーラダクト18の吹出口20,22から車室16内に供給され、車室内気の冷房が行なわれる。なお、図1において、符号40で示した調温ダクトは、後に詳細に説明するように、本発明の特徴的な構成部材であり、従来の直結式冷房バスには設けられていない。
【0005】
上記直結式冷房バスでは、夏季高温時に、冷媒コンプレッサ34、クーラユニット12、コンデンサユニット及びクーラダクト18を含む冷房システムが作動して車室16の冷房が行なわれ、また冬季寒冷時には、ヒータユニット30及びヒータダクト24を含む暖房システムが作動し、車室16の暖房が行なわれる。さらに、春、秋等において車室16内の温度が若干高く、微弱な冷房が望ましい場合があるが、この場合、従来は冷房システムと暖房システムとを同時に作動させて、車室16の天井部分のクーラダクト18から冷風を吹出すと共に、床付近のヒータダクト24から暖風を吹出す手法が採用されているが、乗員に冷風と温風とが同時に作用するため決して快適とは謂えない不具合がある。また、上記微弱冷房を行なう他の手法として、クーラユニット12内に、従来のヒータユニットと同様なヒータユニット30を配置して、クーラユニット12内で冷風に温風を加えて混合し調温したのち、クーラダクト18から車室16内に吹出す構造が考慮されるが、この構造では、重いヒータユニット30を天井部分のクーラユニット12内に収容しなければならないので、最大安定傾斜角度が小さくなり、傾斜地での停車や旋回走行時の走行安定性に問題が生じる不具合がある。
【0006】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明は、基本的には独立に作動する冷房システム及び暖房システムを備えた直結式冷房バス等の車両において、最大安定傾斜角の減少等の不具合を生じることなく、快適な微弱冷房を容易に達成することができ、ひいては居住性の向上を達成することができる車両用空気調和装置を提供することを、主たる目的とするものである。
【0007】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記目的を達成するため、本発明は、空気を冷却するエバポレータと車室内に配設され多数の吹出口を備えたクーラダクトに上記エバポレータにより冷却された冷風を給送する冷風送風機とを含むクーラユニットと、エンジンの冷却水を熱源として空気を加熱するヒータと車室内に配設され多数の吹出口を備えたヒータダクトに上記ヒータにより加熱された温風を給送する温風送風機とを含むヒータユニットと、一端が上記クーラユニットのエバポレータと冷風送風機との間の冷風通路に連通し他端がヒータユニットの温風送風機の吐出通路に連通した調温ダクトと、同調温ダクト内に配設され、上記クーラユニットの冷風通路とヒータユニットの吐出通路とを選択的に連通させる第1位置と、上記クーラユニットの冷風通路と車室内気とを選択的に連通させる第2位置と、上記クーラユニットの冷風通路を温風送風機の吐出通路及び車室内気の何れにも連通させない第3位置の何れかに制御される三方弁とを具備したことを特徴とする車両用空気調和装置を提案するものである。
【0008】
また、本発明においては、上記温風送風機の吐出通路と調温ダクトとの接続部分に、上記吐出通路と調温ダクトとを連通させると共に上記吐出通路とヒータダクトとの連通を遮断する第1位置と、上記吐出通路とヒータダクトとを連通させると共に上記吐出通路と調温ダクトとの連通を遮断する第2位置の何れかに選択的に制御される切換弁が設けられることが好ましい。
【0009】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下本発明の好ましい実施形態を、添付図面を参照して説明する。なお、従来の直結式冷房バスの構成と実質的に同一又は対応する部材及び部分には同一の符号を用い、重複説明は省略する。
先ず、図2は車体10の天井部分における左右各側に車両前後方方向中心線に対し略対称的に配置される前記クーラユニット12の概念的平面図(図では、便宜的に車両前方に向い右側の部分のみが示されているが左側も同様である。)図4は図2のIV−IV線に沿う拡大断面図、図3はクーラユニット12及び暖房システムの概念的構成図を示す。
左右のクーラユニット12は、車室16の天井部分の左右各側に配置されて夫々天井の一部を形成する底板42と、図4に2点鎖線で示されているクーラを具備しない車体16の通常のルーフパネル44より上方に突出した頂板46とで形成されたケーシング48内に収容されたエバポレータ50と複数(図示の場合は4個)の冷風送風機52とを備えている。エバポレータ50はコンデンサユニット14から供給された冷媒を流通させる多数の銅管と、同銅管に密着連結された銅板又はアルミニウム板からなる多数のフィンとを有するプレートフィン型の熱交換器であり、また冷風送風機52は電動機により回転されるファンを有するシロッコファン等の回転型送風機である。各冷風送風機52の吐出ダクト54は、夫々クーラダクト18に開口している。
【0010】
エバポレータ50は、車室16内の空気(以下内気という)を冷却することによって生成する凝結水を受ける受皿56上に装架され、受皿56に隣接して底板42に内気取入口58が設けられると共に、上記エバポレータ50と冷風送風機52との間に冷風通路60が形成されている。図1及び図4に良く示されているように、前記調温ダクト40は、車体10の乗降用ドア開口のやや後方における車体側壁に沿い立上って配置され、その一端上端部分は車体の天井付近で上記左右の底板42に沿って車幅方向に延び、左右夫々複数(図示の場合、一例として各側2個)の分岐ダクト40′を形成している。各分岐ダクト40′は左右のクーラユニット12内に形成された上記冷風通路60に開口62を介し夫々連通している。一方、上記ヒータユニット30は、電動機によって回転されるファンを有するシロッコファン等回転型の温風送風機64と、同送風機の吐出通路66内に介装されたヒータ68とを備えている。図3に示されているように、調温ダクト40が配置された側のヒータダクト24の車両前方側に設けられたヒータユニット30の吐出通路66に調温ダクト40の他端が接続されている。
【0011】
また、調温ダクト40における分岐ダクト40′の分岐点とヒータユニット30の吐出通路66との接続部との間の適所に三方弁70が配設され、さらに、調温ダクト40とヒータユニット30の吐出通路66との接続部分に、二方弁又は切換弁72が設けられている。上記三方弁70は、図示の場合、T字通路を備えた回転弁として示されているが、三つの通路切換えが可能なスプール弁、ポペット弁等任意構造の弁装置を採用することができ、弁アクチュエータ74によって通路切換えが行なわれる。また、切換弁72は、図示の場合、バターフライ弁として示されているが、スライド弁等任意の弁装置を用いることができ、弁アクチュエータ76によって通路切換えが行なわれる。上記弁アクチュエータ74及び76は、夫々コントロールユニット78によって制御され、同コントロールユニットは、車室16内の適所に設けられた内気温度センサ80、外気温度センサ82、日照センサ84、その他冷房条件に関連する湿度等を検知する任意数の補助的センサ86の信号を受容して上記弁アクチュエータ74及び76に夫々駆動出力を供給する。なお、図4において、符号88はクーラユニット12の頂板46の上方に配置された車体10のルーフパネルである。
【0012】
上記冷房装置の作動を図5ないし図7の概略説明図について説明する。なお、図5ないし図7においては、ヒータユニット30の温風送風機64が吸引型送風機として示されヒータ68の下流側に配置され、一方図3では、温風送風機64が押込み型送風機として示されヒータ68の上流側に配置されているが、実質的に両者は同等であり、何れか一方を適宜選択することができる。先ず、図5は夏季高温時等において、冷房のみが行なわれている状態を示す。このとき、切換弁72は、コントロールユニット78の駆動出力に基づき弁アクチュエータ76によって、調温ダクト40とヒータユニット30における温風送風機64の吐出通路66との連通を遮断すると共に、同吐出通路66をヒータダクト24に連通させる第2位置に駆動され、また三方弁70はコントロールユニット78の駆動出力に基づき弁アクチュエータ74によってクーラユニット12の冷風通路60と温風送風機64の吐出通路66との連通を遮断する第3位置に設定されている。従って、クーラユニット12に取入れられた内気Aiもしくは外気Ao又は内気と外気との混合空気Ai+Aoが、エバポレータ50を通過して冷風となってクーラダクト18に供給され、多数の吹出口20及び22から車室16内に吹出され、通常の冷房が行なわれる。勿論、このときヒータユニット30のヒータ68にはエンジン28からの冷却水が供給されず、ヒータユニット30は休止している。
【0013】
次に、図6は春、秋等において微弱冷房が行なわれている状態を示す。このとき、コントロールユニット78の指令により切換弁72は温風送風機64の吐出通路66とヒータダクト24との連通を遮断しすると共に、同吐出通路66と調温ダクト40とを連通させる第1位置に駆動され、また三方弁70はクーラユニット12の冷風通路60とヒータユニット30の温風送風機64の吐出通路66とを選択的に連通させ、内気Aiを調温ダクト40に流入させない第1位置に駆動されている。一方、調温ダクト40に隣接するヒータユニット30のヒータ68にはエンジン28の冷却水が供給されると共に温風送風機64が駆動されているので、内気Aiもしくは外気Ao又はこれらの混合空気Ai+Aoが、ヒータ68により加熱され温風となって調温ダクト40に流れ、三方弁70を経て開口62からクーラユニット12の冷風通路60内に流入する。冷風通路60がミキサー室として作用し、エバポレータ50を通った冷風と混合して実質的に均等な温度の調温された冷風となりクーラダクト18の多数の吹出口20,22から車室16内に吹出されるので、乗客及び乗員にとって快適な微弱冷房が行なわれる。勿論、このとき、調温ダクト40に隣接するヒータユニット30以外のヒータユニットは休止しており、座席の足元から不快な温風が吹出されることはない。
【0014】
さらに、図7は図5に示した通常冷房及び図6に示した微弱冷房の中間程度の冷房、謂わば緩冷房が行なわれている状態を示す、このとき、切換弁72は第2位置に駆動されると共に、すべてのヒータユニット30が休止している。一方、コントロールユニット78の指令により三方弁70は、クーラユニット12の冷風通路60と車室内気とを選択的に連通させる第2位置に設定される。従って、車室内気Aiが三方弁70から調温ダクト40の分岐ダクト40′を通って冷風通路60に流入し、エバポレータ50を通った冷風と混合して実質的に均等な温度の調温冷風となり、クーラダクト18から車室内に供給され、通常冷房より冷風温度が若干高い緩冷房が行なわれる。このとき、すべてのヒータユニット30は勿論休止しているので、座席の足元から不快な温風が吹出されることはない。なお、寒冷時暖房が行なわれる場合は、クーラユニット12が休止され、ヒータユニット30が夫々作動するので、ヒータダクト24の多数の吹出口26から座席の足元に温風が吹出され、暖房が行なわれる。このとき、切換弁72は第2位置に駆動されていて調温ダクト40を閉止しているので、温風がクーラユニット12側に流れることはない。
【0015】
上記構成によれば、車体10の天井部分に、重いヒータユニット30を搭載することなく、冷風の調温を行なうことができるので、車両の最大安定傾斜角度が小さくなることがなく、傾斜地停車時の安全及び旋回走行時の走行安定性を損なう不具合がない。また、製造コストが安い直結式冷房システムの利点を確保しながら、調温ダクト40、三方弁70、切換弁72等の僅かな部材を追加するだけで、通常冷房、微弱冷房、これらの中間の緩冷房からなる三種の冷房を任意に行なうことができるので、車室の居住性を効果的に向上することができる。なお、上記三方弁70を切換弁72と同種の二方弁として、通常冷房と微弱冷房の二段階の冷房を行ない得るようにすることもでき、この場合にもなお十分な居住性の向上を達成することができる。
【0016】
【発明の効果】
叙上のように、本発明に係る車両用空気調和装置は、製造コストが安い直結式冷房システムの利点を温存すると共に、最大安定傾斜角度の低減等の不具合を伴なうことなく、冷房時における冷風温度を、通常冷房、微弱冷房及びこれらの中間の緩冷房の三段階に調温することができるので、一層居住性を改善し得る利点がある。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明の好ましい実施形態を示す車両全体の概略斜視図である。
【図2】図1におけるクーラユニット12の内部構造を示した概略平面図である。
【図3】図1におけるクーラユニット12及びヒータユニット30を含む冷房システム全体の概略構成図である。
【図4】図2のIV−IV線に沿う拡大断面図である。
【図5】通常の冷房が行われている場合における冷房装置の各構成部材の作動態様を示した概略説明図である。
【図6】微弱冷房が行なわれている場合における冷房装置の各構成部材の作動態様を示した概略説明図である。
【図7】通常冷房と微弱冷房の中間程度の緩冷房が行なわれている場合における冷房装置の各構成部材の作動態様を示した概略説明図である。
【符号の説明】
10…車体、12…クーラユニット、14…コンデンサユニット、16…車室、18…クーラダクト、24…ヒータダクト、28…エンジン、30…ヒータユニット、34…冷媒コンプレッサ、40…調温ダクト、50…エバポレータ、52…冷風送風機、54…吐出ダクト、58…内気取入口、60…冷風通路、64…温風送風機、66…吐出通路、68…ヒータ、70…三方弁、72…切換弁、74及び76…弁アクチュエータ、78…コントロールユニット。
[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an air conditioner that is suitable for use in a vehicle, in particular, a bus equipped with a direct cooling device.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, it has been widely used for route buses due to its manufacturing cost advantages, and it has the advantage that a trunk room with a sufficiently large volume can be provided at the lower part of the side of the vehicle between the front and rear wheels. A cooling system is used. In a bus equipped with a direct-coupled cooling device or system (hereinafter referred to as a direct-coupled cooling bus), an evaporator and a cold air blower that constitute a separate independent system of the cooling device and the heating device and that form the main part of the cooling device are provided. The included cooler unit is arranged on the ceiling of the vehicle body. Now, the schematic structure of the direct-coupled cooling bus will be described with reference to the perspective view of FIG. 1 showing a preferred embodiment of the present invention for convenience.
[0003]
A cooler unit 12 including at least an evaporator and a cold air blower is disposed on a ceiling portion generally indicated by reference numeral 10 in FIG. 1 near the front end of the bus, and a condenser unit 14 that cooperates in front of the cooler unit 12 is provided. Has been placed. In addition, a pair of cooler ducts 18 extending in the front-rear direction along the left and right sides of the ceiling portion of the passenger compartment 16 are provided, and each cooler duct 18 extends laterally toward the upper portion of the central passage of the passenger compartment 16. A large number of air outlets 20 for blowing cold air and a large number of air outlets 22 for blowing cold air downward toward the passenger's seat are provided. Further, a pair of heater ducts 24 extending in the vehicle front-rear direction along the left and right sides of the floor of the passenger compartment 16 are provided, and each heater duct 24 has a large number of blown air that blows warm air toward the feet of passengers seated on the seat. An outlet 26 is provided.
[0004]
Near the front and rear ends of the heater duct 24 is a heater unit that stores a heater that heats air using the cooling water of the engine 28 as a heat source and a hot air blower that feeds warm air heated by the heater into the heater duct 24. 30 is disposed. Each heater unit 30 is connected with a water supply pipe 32 and a return pipe communicating with the cooling water system of the engine 28. In FIG. 1, only a part of the water supply pipe 32 is shown to avoid excessive congestion of the drawing. The return pipe is omitted. Also, a refrigerant compressor 34 driven by the engine 28 is provided, and the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant compressed by the compressor 34 is sent from the refrigerant supply pipe 36 to the condenser in the condenser unit 14 and cooled to be high-temperature and high-pressure liquid. It becomes a phase refrigerant. The liquid-phase refrigerant is supplied from an unillustrated receiver to an evaporator accommodated in the cooler unit 12 via an expansion valve. Here, the liquid-phase refrigerant is vaporized by taking heat from the surrounding air, and is returned from the return pipe 38 to the compressor 34 again. Return to. The air cooled by the evaporator is supplied into the passenger compartment 16 from the air outlets 20 and 22 of the cooler duct 18 to cool the passenger compartment air. In addition, in FIG. 1, the temperature control duct shown with the code | symbol 40 is a characteristic structural member of this invention so that it may demonstrate in detail later, and is not provided in the conventional direct connection type | formula cooling bus.
[0005]
In the direct connection type cooling bus, the cooling system including the refrigerant compressor 34, the cooler unit 12, the condenser unit, and the cooler duct 18 is operated at a high temperature in the summer to cool the passenger compartment 16, and at the cold in the winter, the heater unit 30 and The heating system including the heater duct 24 is activated, and the passenger compartment 16 is heated. Further, in the spring, autumn, etc., the temperature in the passenger compartment 16 is slightly high and weak cooling may be desirable. In this case, conventionally, the cooling system and the heating system are operated simultaneously, and the ceiling portion of the passenger compartment 16 is The cooler duct 18 is used to blow cool air and the heater duct 24 near the floor is used to blow warm air. However, since cold air and hot air act on the passenger at the same time, there is a problem that is not so comfortable. is there. In addition, as another method for performing the above-described weak cooling, a heater unit 30 similar to the conventional heater unit is disposed in the cooler unit 12, and warm air is added to the cooler air in the cooler unit 12 to mix and adjust the temperature. Thereafter, a structure in which the air is blown out from the cooler duct 18 into the passenger compartment 16 is considered. However, in this structure, the heavy heater unit 30 must be accommodated in the cooler unit 12 in the ceiling portion, so that the maximum stable inclination angle is reduced. There is a problem that a problem occurs in running stability when stopping on a slope or turning.
[0006]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The present invention basically facilitates comfortable weak cooling without causing problems such as a decrease in the maximum stable inclination angle in a vehicle such as a directly connected cooling bus equipped with a cooling system and a heating system that operate independently. The main object of the present invention is to provide a vehicle air conditioner that can be achieved and, consequently, improved in comfort.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a cooler unit including an evaporator that cools air and a cool air blower that feeds cool air cooled by the evaporator to a cooler duct that is disposed in a vehicle interior and includes a plurality of air outlets. And a heater unit that heats air using engine cooling water as a heat source, and a hot air blower that feeds the warm air heated by the heater to a heater duct that is disposed in the vehicle interior and includes a plurality of outlets And a temperature control duct having one end communicating with the cool air passage between the evaporator of the cooler unit and the cold air blower and the other end communicating with the discharge passage of the hot air blower of the heater unit, and a tuning temperature duct , A first position for selectively communicating the cool air passage of the cooler unit and the discharge passage of the heater unit; and the cool air passage of the cooler unit and the air in the passenger compartment. And a second position for communicating the択的, it has and a three-way valve is controlled to one of a third position in which not even communicated to any of the discharge passage and the cabin air of the cool air passage hot air blower of the cooler unit The vehicle air conditioner characterized by the above is proposed.
[0008]
Further, in the present invention, the first position for connecting the discharge passage and the temperature control duct to the connecting portion between the discharge passage and the temperature control duct of the hot air blower and blocking the communication between the discharge passage and the heater duct. And a switching valve that is selectively controlled at any one of the second positions that communicates the discharge passage with the heater duct and blocks communication between the discharge passage and the temperature control duct.
[0009]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. In addition, the same code | symbol is used for the member and part which are substantially the same as or correspond to the structure of the conventional direct connection type cooling bus, and duplication description is abbreviate | omitted.
First, FIG. 2 is a conceptual plan view of the cooler unit 12 disposed substantially symmetrically with respect to the vehicle front-rear direction center line on each of the left and right sides of the ceiling portion of the vehicle body 10 (in the drawing, it is directed forward of the vehicle for convenience. FIG. 4 is an enlarged sectional view taken along line IV-IV in FIG. 2, and FIG. 3 is a conceptual configuration diagram of the cooler unit 12 and the heating system.
The left and right cooler units 12 are arranged on the left and right sides of the ceiling portion of the passenger compartment 16 to respectively form a bottom plate 42 that forms a part of the ceiling, and the vehicle body 16 that does not include the cooler indicated by a two-dot chain line in FIG. The evaporator 50 accommodated in the casing 48 formed with the top plate 46 which protruded upwards from the normal roof panel 44, and the several (in the case of illustration four) cold air blower 52 are provided. The evaporator 50 is a plate fin type heat exchanger having a large number of copper tubes for circulating the refrigerant supplied from the capacitor unit 14 and a large number of fins made of a copper plate or an aluminum plate closely connected to the copper tube. The cold air blower 52 is a rotary blower such as a sirocco fan having a fan rotated by an electric motor. The discharge duct 54 of each cold air blower 52 opens to the cooler duct 18.
[0010]
The evaporator 50 is mounted on a receiving tray 56 that receives condensed water generated by cooling the air in the passenger compartment 16 (hereinafter referred to as “inside air”), and an internal air intake 58 is provided in the bottom plate 42 adjacent to the receiving tray 56. At the same time, a cold air passage 60 is formed between the evaporator 50 and the cold air blower 52. As well shown in FIGS. 1 and 4, the temperature control duct 40 is disposed so as to rise up along the side wall of the vehicle body slightly behind the entrance door for the vehicle body 10, and the upper end portion of one end thereof is located on the vehicle body. Near the ceiling, it extends in the vehicle width direction along the left and right bottom plates 42 to form a plurality of branch ducts 40 'on each of the left and right sides (in the illustrated example, two on each side). Each branch duct 40 ′ communicates with the cold air passage 60 formed in the left and right cooler units 12 through an opening 62. On the other hand, the heater unit 30 is provided with a hot air blower 64 of the sirocco fan or the like rotary type having a fan which is rotated by an electric motor, and a heater 68 interposed in the ejection exit passage 66 of the blower. As shown in FIG. 3, the other end of the temperature control duct 40 is connected to the discharge passage 66 of the heater unit 30 provided on the vehicle front side of the heater duct 24 on the side where the temperature control duct 40 is disposed. .
[0011]
Further, a three-way valve 70 is disposed at an appropriate position between the branch point of the branch duct 40 ′ and the connection portion of the discharge passage 66 of the heater unit 30 in the temperature control duct 40, and further, the temperature control duct 40 and the heater unit 30. A two-way valve or a switching valve 72 is provided at a connection portion with the discharge passage 66. In the illustrated case, the three-way valve 70 is shown as a rotary valve having a T-shaped passage. However, a valve device having an arbitrary structure such as a spool valve or a poppet valve capable of switching three passages can be employed. The passage is switched by the valve actuator 74. In the illustrated example, the switching valve 72 is shown as a butterfly valve. However, any valve device such as a slide valve can be used, and the passage is switched by the valve actuator 76. The valve actuators 74 and 76 are respectively controlled by a control unit 78, which is related to an inside air temperature sensor 80, an outside air temperature sensor 82, a sunshine sensor 84, and other cooling conditions provided at appropriate positions in the passenger compartment 16. It receives signals from an arbitrary number of auxiliary sensors 86 for detecting humidity and the like, and supplies drive outputs to the valve actuators 74 and 76, respectively. In FIG. 4, reference numeral 88 denotes a roof panel of the vehicle body 10 disposed above the top plate 46 of the cooler unit 12.
[0012]
The operation of the cooling apparatus will be described with reference to the schematic explanatory views of FIGS. 5 to 7, the hot air blower 64 of the heater unit 30 is shown as a suction type blower and is arranged downstream of the heater 68, while in FIG. 3, the hot air blower 64 is shown as a push-type blower. Although arranged on the upstream side of the heater 68, both are substantially the same, and either one can be appropriately selected. First, FIG. 5 shows a state where only cooling is performed at a high temperature in summer. At this time, the switching valve 72 cuts off the communication between the temperature control duct 40 and the discharge passage 66 of the hot air blower 64 in the heater unit 30 by the valve actuator 76 based on the drive output of the control unit 78, and the discharge passage 66. The three-way valve 70 is connected to the cool air passage 60 of the cooler unit 12 and the discharge passage 66 of the hot air blower 64 by the valve actuator 74 based on the drive output of the control unit 78. The third position for blocking is set. Accordingly, the inside air Ai or the outside air Ao or the mixed air Ai + Ao of the inside air and the outside air taken into the cooler unit 12 passes through the evaporator 50 and is supplied as cool air to the cooler duct 18, and is supplied from a large number of outlets 20 and 22. The air is blown into the chamber 16 and normal cooling is performed. Of course, at this time, the cooling water from the engine 28 is not supplied to the heater 68 of the heater unit 30, and the heater unit 30 is at rest.
[0013]
Next, FIG. 6 shows a state in which weak cooling is performed in spring, autumn or the like. At this time, the switching valve 72 shuts off the communication between the discharge passage 66 of the hot air blower 64 and the heater duct 24 by the command of the control unit 78, and at the first position where the discharge passage 66 and the temperature control duct 40 communicate with each other. The three-way valve 70 is driven to selectively connect the cool air passage 60 of the cooler unit 12 and the discharge passage 66 of the hot air blower 64 of the heater unit 30 to the first position where the inside air Ai does not flow into the temperature control duct 40. It is driven. On the other hand, since the cooling water of the engine 28 is supplied to the heater 68 of the heater unit 30 adjacent to the temperature control duct 40 and the hot air blower 64 is driven, the inside air Ai or the outside air Ao or the mixed air Ai + Ao is generated. Then, the air is heated by the heater 68 and flows into the temperature control duct 40 through the three-way valve 70 and flows into the cool air passage 60 of the cooler unit 12 through the opening 62. The cool air passage 60 acts as a mixer chamber and mixes with the cool air that has passed through the evaporator 50 to form a temperature-controlled cold air having a substantially uniform temperature and is blown into the vehicle compartment 16 from the numerous outlets 20 and 22 of the cooler duct 18. Therefore, weak cooling that is comfortable for passengers and passengers is performed. Of course, at this time, the heater units other than the heater unit 30 adjacent to the temperature control duct 40 are at rest, and unpleasant warm air is not blown out from the feet of the seat.
[0014]
Further, FIG. 7 shows a state in which the cooling of about the middle of the normal cooling shown in FIG. 5 and the weak cooling shown in FIG. 6, that is, so-called slow cooling, is performed. At this time, the switching valve 72 is in the second position. While being driven, all the heater units 30 are at rest. On the other hand, the three-way valve 70 is set to the second position for selectively communicating the cool air passage 60 of the cooler unit 12 and the vehicle interior air in accordance with a command from the control unit 78. Accordingly, the vehicle interior air Ai flows from the three-way valve 70 through the branch duct 40 ′ of the temperature control duct 40 into the cool air passage 60, and mixes with the cool air that has passed through the evaporator 50 to control the temperature-controlled cold air having a substantially uniform temperature. Thus, the air is supplied from the cooler duct 18 into the passenger compartment, and the cooling is performed at a slightly higher temperature than the normal cooling. At this time, since all the heater units 30 are of course at rest, unpleasant warm air is not blown out from the feet of the seat. When heating in cold weather is performed, the cooler unit 12 is stopped and the heater unit 30 is operated, so that warm air is blown from the large number of outlets 26 of the heater duct 24 to the feet of the seat, and heating is performed. . At this time, since the switching valve 72 is driven to the second position and closes the temperature control duct 40, the warm air does not flow to the cooler unit 12 side.
[0015]
According to the above configuration, since the temperature of the cold air can be adjusted without mounting the heavy heater unit 30 on the ceiling portion of the vehicle body 10, the maximum stable inclination angle of the vehicle is not reduced, and the vehicle is stopped on an inclined ground. There are no problems that impair the safety of the vehicle and the running stability during turning. In addition, while securing the advantages of a direct-coupled cooling system with a low manufacturing cost, only a few members such as the temperature control duct 40, the three-way valve 70, the switching valve 72, etc. are added. Since three types of cooling including slow cooling can be performed arbitrarily, the comfort of the passenger compartment can be improved effectively. The three-way valve 70 can be a two-way valve of the same type as the switching valve 72, so that two-stage cooling, normal cooling and weak cooling, can be performed. Can be achieved.
[0016]
【The invention's effect】
As on ordination, the vehicle air conditioner according to the present invention, together with manufacturing costs to preserve the benefits of low direct type cooling system, without accompanied a problem such as reduction of the maximum stable tilt angle, cold Since the cold air temperature at the time of cooling can be adjusted to three stages of normal cooling, weak cooling, and moderate cooling between these, there is an advantage that the comfort can be further improved.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of an entire vehicle showing a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
2 is a schematic plan view showing an internal structure of a cooler unit 12 in FIG. 1. FIG.
3 is a schematic configuration diagram of an entire cooling system including a cooler unit 12 and a heater unit 30 in FIG.
4 is an enlarged cross-sectional view taken along line IV-IV in FIG.
FIG. 5 is a schematic explanatory view showing an operation mode of each component of the cooling device when normal cooling is performed.
FIG. 6 is a schematic explanatory view showing an operation mode of each component of the cooling device when weak cooling is performed.
FIG. 7 is a schematic explanatory view showing an operation mode of each component of the cooling device when the moderate cooling between the normal cooling and the weak cooling is performed.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ... Vehicle body, 12 ... Cooler unit, 14 ... Condenser unit, 16 ... Car compartment, 18 ... Cooler duct, 24 ... Heater duct, 28 ... Engine, 30 ... Heater unit, 34 ... Refrigerant compressor, 40 ... Temperature control duct, 50 ... Evaporator 52 ... Cold air blower, 54 ... Discharge duct, 58 ... Inside air inlet, 60 ... Cold air passage, 64 ... Hot air blower, 66 ... Discharge passage, 68 ... Heater, 70 ... Three-way valve, 72 ... Switching valve, 74 and 76 ... Valve actuator, 78 ... Control unit.

Claims (2)

空気を冷却するエバポレータと車室内に配設され多数の吹出口を備えたクーラダクトに上記エバポレータにより冷却された冷風を給送する冷風送風機とを含むクーラユニットと、エンジンの冷却水を熱源として空気を加熱するヒータと車室内に配設され多数の吹出口を備えたヒータダクトに上記ヒータにより加熱された温風を給送する温風送風機とを含むヒータユニットと、一端が上記クーラユニットのエバポレータと冷風送風機との間の冷風通路に連通し他端がヒータユニットの温風送風機の吐出通路に連通した調温ダクトと、同調温ダクト内に配設され、上記クーラユニットの冷風通路とヒータユニットの吐出通路とを選択的に連通させる第1位置と、上記クーラユニットの冷風通路と車室内気とを選択的に連通させる第2位置と、上記クーラユニットの冷風通路を温風送風機の吐出通路及び車室内気の何れにも連通させない第3位置の何れかに制御される三方弁とを具備したことを特徴とする車両用空気調和装置。A cooler unit including an evaporator that cools air, a cooler duct that is disposed in a passenger compartment and that has a number of outlets, and that feeds the cool air cooled by the evaporator, and air using engine cooling water as a heat source A heater unit including a heater to be heated and a hot air blower for supplying warm air heated by the heater to a heater duct provided in the passenger compartment and having a plurality of air outlets, and one end of the evaporator and the cool air at the cooler unit A temperature control duct that communicates with the cool air passage between the blower and the other end communicates with a discharge passage of the warm air blower of the heater unit, and is disposed in the tuned temperature duct, and discharges the cool air passage of the cooler unit and the heater unit. A first position for selectively communicating with the passage; a second position for selectively communicating the cool air passage of the cooler unit and the vehicle interior air; and Vehicle air conditioner being characterized in that includes a three-way valve is controlled to one of a third position in which neither communicated to any of the discharge passage and the cabin air of the cool air passage warm air blower Rayunitto. 上記温風送風機の吐出通路と調温ダクトとの接続部分に、上記吐出通路と調温ダクトとを連通させると共に上記吐出通路とヒータダクトとの連通を遮断する第1位置と、上記吐出通路とヒータダクトとを連通させると共に上記吐出通路と調温ダクトとの連通を遮断する第2位置の何れかに選択的に制御される切換弁が設けられたことを特徴とする請求項1記載の車両用空気調和装置。 A first position for connecting the discharge passage and the temperature control duct to the connecting portion between the discharge passage and the temperature control duct of the hot air blower, and blocking the communication between the discharge passage and the heater duct; and the discharge passage and the heater duct 2. A vehicular air according to claim 1, further comprising a switching valve that is selectively controlled at any one of the second positions that communicates with the discharge passage and blocks communication between the discharge passage and the temperature control duct. Harmony device.
JP20965999A 1999-06-18 1999-06-18 Air conditioner for vehicles Expired - Fee Related JP3630022B2 (en)

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US20060152801A1 (en) 2002-11-25 2006-07-13 Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd Anti-reflection film, polarizing plate and liquid crystal display device
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