JP3624181B2 - Fundus photographing device - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
[Industrial application fields]
The present invention relates to a fundus imaging apparatus.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In a conventional fundus photographing apparatus, when an electronic image is recorded, a color television camera is used when photographing a color image, and a monochrome television camera is used when photographing a fluorescent image.
[0003]
In addition, when recording an electronic image or a color image in a conventional fundus imaging apparatus, the recording mode is manually reviewed, the image is captured while checking the imaging result, and a fluorescent image is recorded. In this case, the recording mode is manually set to the continuous shooting mode, and one frame is shot without checking the shooting result.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in the above-described conventional example, there is an inconvenience of switching the television camera to a color or black-and-white television camera or reconnecting depending on the type of image to be recorded, a color image or a fluorescent image.
[0005]
In addition, if the color TV camera is used for monochromatic light photography such as fluorescent photography, saving the trouble of replacing the TV camera, the image is taken through a specific color filter, resulting in an unnatural fluorescent image, and the conventional silver-lead film The color of the fluorescent image may be different from that of the fluorescent image, and the diagnosis may be hindered.
[0006]
Further, manual switching is troublesome, and if the switching is forgotten, second-photographing cannot be performed, which causes a problem of missing the photographing timing of fluorescent photographing.
[0007]
An object of the present invention is to solve the above-described problems and to provide a fundus photographing apparatus that can obtain a fluorescent image without unnecessary coloring even when a color television camera is used.
[0008]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, an ophthalmologic photographing apparatus according to the present invention includes an illumination optical system that illuminates the fundus of a subject's eye , a photographing optical system that photographs the fundus , and a fundus image obtained through the photographing optical system. Imaging means for converting color signals and luminance signals to output, photographing mode selecting means for selecting one of a color photographing mode and a fluorescent photographing mode, and an output signal of the photographing means according to the selection of the photographing mode selecting means A signal selecting means for selecting the image, an image recording / reproducing means for recording / reproducing the output signal selected by the signal selecting means, and a driving means for inserting / removing a wavelength selection filter into / from the illumination optical system or the photographing optical system. wherein the signal selecting means when the color photographing mode is selected by the photographing mode selection means selects the predetermined color signal and a predetermined luminance signal of the output of said image pickup means When the fluorescence imaging mode is selected, the signal selection unit selects a predetermined luminance signal from the output of the imaging unit, and the driving unit sets the wavelength selection filter to the illumination optical system or the imaging optical. It is characterized by being inserted into the system .
[0009]
[Action]
In the fundus photographing apparatus according to the invention having the above-described configuration, means for selecting a photographing mode of a fundus image to be recorded and means for selecting an image mode recorded in the image recording apparatus from the photographing mode setting state selected by the means. Thus, the fundus image is recorded as a color image when photographing a color image, or as a monochrome image when photographing monochromatic light such as fluorescence.
[0010]
【Example】
The present invention will be described in detail based on the embodiments shown in the drawings.
FIG. 1 shows a configuration diagram of a general fundus photographing apparatus. On the optical path O1 from the light source 1 to the eye E, a lens 2, a perforated mirror 3 having an opening 3a in the center, and an objective lens 4 are disposed. On the optical path O2 behind the perforated mirror 3, A focus lens 5, a photographing lens 6, a flip-up mirror 7, and a film 8 are disposed. On the optical path in the reflection direction of the flip-up mirror 7, a mirror 9, a focus plate 10, and a viewfinder lens 11 are arranged.
[0011]
Reference numeral 12 denotes a control box. An output is made from the control box 12 to the focus lens driving means 13 for driving the light source 1 and the focus lens 5, and a focus adjustment switch 14 and a photographing switch 15 are connected.
[0012]
At the time of observation, the light beam emitted from the light source 1 passes through the relay lens 2, is reflected by the perforated mirror 3, and illuminates the fundus Er through the objective lens 4 and the pupil Ep of the eye E to be examined. The fundus image passes through the objective lens 4, the aperture 3 a of the perforated mirror 3, the focus lens 5, and the photographing lens 6, is reflected by the flip-up mirror 7 and the mirror 9, and is formed near the focus plate 10. The photographer observes the image through the finder lens 11. If the image formation position of the fundus image is deviated from the focus plate 10, the position of the focus lens 5 is adjusted by the focus adjustment switch 14 so that the fundus image image formation position matches the focus plate 10. The focus lens 5 receives an input from the switch 14 and is moved by a lens driving unit 13 including a linear motor through the control box 12. The position of the focus lens 5 is always detected by the control box 13, and the control box 12 determines the light emission amount of the light source 1 at the time of shooting from the position of the focus lens 5.
[0013]
The photographer ends the focusing operation, confirms the imaging region and the presence or absence of flare, and then presses the imaging switch 15. The flip-up mirror 7 is retracted out of the optical path, the light source 1 emits a luminous flux of the amount of light obtained from the means, and the luminous flux illuminates the fundus Er of the eye E as in the observation light. 4. The image is recorded on the film 8 through the opening 3a of the perforated mirror 3, the focus lens 5, and the photographing lens 6, and the photographing is finished.
[0014]
FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a first embodiment of the electronic image recording apparatus for photographing the eye to be examined with a color television camera. The output of the color television camera 28 for photographing the eye to be examined is the color signal selection device 29. The output of the imaging mode selection device 31 connected to the recording device 30 and incorporated in the main body of the fundus imaging device is connected to the color signal selection device 29 via the recording mode selection device 32.
[0015]
When a color image shooting mode is selected by the shooting mode selection device 31 at the time of shooting a color image, an appropriate shooting light amount is determined, and illumination and a shooting filter are selected as necessary. When a photographing switch (not shown) is pressed, a fundus image as shown in FIG.
[0016]
FIG. 4 shows one scanning line signal of the output signal of the color TV camera 28. The output signal of the color TV camera 28 is a superposition of a 3.58 MHz burst wave, which is a color signal, and a luminance signal. Is forming.
[0017]
In the recording mode selection device 32, in order to obtain a color image in the mode set by the shooting mode selection device 31, a command for using the luminance signal and the color signal as an output signal is sent to the color signal selection device 29. The color signal selection device 29 outputs luminance and color signals, and the recording device 30 records a color image.
[0018]
When taking a fluorescent image, a fluorescent agent is intravenously injected into the eye to be examined. When the photographing mode selection device 31 selects the fluorescent photographing mode, an exciter filter and a barrier filter are prepared. When the photographing switch is pressed, the color fundus fundus as shown in FIG.
[0019]
As in the case of photographing a color image, the output signal of the color television camera 28 is a superposition of the luminance signal shown in FIG. 6 and the color signal of a 3.58 MHz burst wave. However, since the fluorescent image photographing is monochromatic photographing, the recording mode selection device 32 determines that the color signal is unnecessary. Based on this determination, the color signal selection device 29 outputs only the luminance signal shown in FIG. 7, and the recording device 30 records a fluorescent image without unnecessary color development.
[0020]
As the color signal selection device 29, a configuration using a notch filter 33 that does not pass a 3.58 MHz burst wave shown in FIG. As the recording device 30, still video has been widely used in recent years, but an optical disk, a magneto-optical disk, or the like is also suitable, and a moving picture video may be used.
[0021]
FIG. 9 shows a second embodiment using a color television camera 28 having RGB output. In FIG. 9, the three primary color signals are processed. In this example, the luminance signal Y is the sum of the R, G, B signals multiplied by a signal specific coefficient and weighted,
Y = rR + gG + bB
Represented as: On the other hand, the color signal is represented as two types of color difference signals S1 and S2.
[0022]
In this case, the color signal selection device 29 selects whether to output only the luminance signal Y or to output the luminance signal Y and the color difference signals S1 and S2. When recording a color image, R, G, and B signals may be output. Furthermore, other two-dimensional optical conversion elements may be used instead of the television camera. In this case, the pixel signals from the respective elements may be read out to synthesize an image.
[0023]
In fluorescence imaging, anterior ocular fluorescence imaging using a photo slit lamp is known in addition to the fundus imaging device, and in this case as well, the same effect as the embodiment used in the fundus imaging device can be obtained. In addition to monochromatic imaging using a specific wavelength selection filter such as a red free filter in addition to fluorescence imaging, the fundus image can be recorded as a black and white image.
[0024]
FIG. 10 is a block circuit diagram of the third embodiment. Similarly to FIG. 2, a color TV camera 28, a color signal selection device 29, and an image recording device 30 are connected, and a shooting mode selection device 31 and a recording mode selection device are connected. 32 and a color signal selection device 29 are connected, and a filter detection circuit 34 is further connected to the recording mode selection device 32.
[0025]
In this case, the filter detection circuit 34 detects whether or not a specific wavelength selection filter is inserted in the illumination or photographing optical system, and outputs the detected filter state to the recording mode selection device 32. The recording mode selection unit 32 determines whether the fundus image to be recorded is a color image or a black and white image from information from the photographing mode selection device 31 and the filter detection circuit 34.
[0026]
FIG. 11 is a block circuit configuration diagram of an electronic image recording apparatus according to the fourth embodiment. The output of the television camera 35 for photographing the eye to be examined is connected to the recording apparatus 30 and incorporated in the main body of the fundus photographing apparatus. The output of the shooting mode selection device 31 is connected to the recording device 30 via the recording mode selection device 32. A monitor 36 is connected to the recording device 30.
[0027]
When a shooting mode is selected when shooting a color image, an appropriate shooting light amount is determined and illumination and shooting filters are selected as necessary, as in the previous embodiment. When the photographing switch is pressed, a fundus image as shown in FIG.
[0028]
At this time, since the review mode is selected by the recording mode selection device, the recording mode is reproduced immediately after recording, and the recorded image can be confirmed on the monitor 36. The next time shooting is performed, the shooting switch may be pushed after the recording device is set to the recording ready state again. Thereafter, the above operation is repeated.
[0029]
When taking a fluorescent image, a fluorescent agent is intravenously injected into the eye to be examined. When the photographing mode selection device 31 selects the fluorescent photographing mode, an exciter filter and a barrier filter are prepared. When the photographing switch is pressed, the fluorescent fundus as shown in FIG.
[0030]
At this time, since the continuous recording mode is selected by the recording mode selection device, one fundus image is recorded every second while the photographing switch is kept pressed. In the review mode at the time of fluorescent photographing, it takes time to move the head from the reproducing track to the recording track, and it is impossible to photograph one image per second.
[0031]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, in the ophthalmologic photographing apparatus according to the present invention, the color image photographing mode for the fundus and the fluorescent image photographing mode can be used together. In the case of the color photographing mode, the color signal and the luminance signal are selected, and the fluorescent photographing mode is selected. In this case, the luminance signal is selected and recorded.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of a fundus imaging apparatus.
FIG. 2 is a block circuit configuration diagram of the electronic image recording apparatus according to the first embodiment.
FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of a color fundus image.
FIG. 4 is a time chart diagram of scanning line signals of a color fundus image.
FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram of a fluorescence fundus image.
FIG. 6 is a time chart of scanning line signals that do not exclude color signals of fluorescent fundus images.
FIG. 7 is a time chart diagram of scanning line signals excluding color signals of fluorescent fundus images.
FIG. 8 is a circuit diagram of a color signal selection device.
FIG. 9 is a block circuit configuration diagram of a second embodiment.
FIG. 10 is a block circuit configuration diagram of a third embodiment.
FIG. 11 is a block circuit configuration diagram of a fourth embodiment.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Light source 3 Perforated mirror 7 Bounce mirror 8 Film 11 Finder lens 12 Control box 16 Input device 17, 23, 24 Linear combination circuit 18 Image processing circuit 19 Divider 20, 27 Multiplier 22 RGB television monitor 26 Average calculator 28 Color television camera 29 Color signal selection device 30 Image recording device 31 Shooting mode selection device 32 Recording mode selection device 33 Notch filter 34 Filter detection device 35 Television camera

Claims (3)

An illumination optical system for illuminating the fundus of the eye, a photographing optical system for photographing a fundus, and an imaging means for converting the ocular fundus images obtained via the photographing optical system into color signals and luminance signals, color An imaging mode selection means for selecting one of the imaging mode and the fluorescence imaging mode, a signal selection means for selecting an output signal of the imaging means according to the selection of the imaging mode selection means, and the signal selection means selected An image recording / reproducing unit for recording / reproducing the output signal; and a driving unit for inserting / removing a wavelength selection filter to / from the illumination optical system or the photographing optical system, wherein the color photographing mode is selected by the photographing mode selecting unit . In this case, the signal selection unit selects a predetermined color signal and a predetermined luminance signal from the output of the imaging unit, and the signal selection unit selects the fluorescent photographing mode. With stage selects a predetermined luminance signal among the outputs of said imaging means, said driving means ophthalmologic photographing apparatus characterized by inserting the wavelength selection filter to the illumination optical system or the imaging optical system. A monitor for displaying a signal reproduced from the image recording / reproducing means, and a recording mode selecting means for selecting one of a review mode and a continuous recording mode, and when the review mode is selected, each fundus photographing The ophthalmologic photographing apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the image is displayed on the monitor . The ophthalmologic imaging apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a filter detection unit that detects the wavelength selection filter.

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