JP3621797B2 - Compound spinneret - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a composite spinneret for spinning a multifilament composed of a composite single fiber in which at least two types of polymers (A) and (B) are laminated together.
[0002]
[Prior art]
A multifilament composed of a composite single fiber in which at least two kinds of polymers (A) and (B) are laminated together can be produced by a method as proposed in JP-A-52-88665. Such fibers have the feature that after spinning, ultrafine fibers can be easily obtained by separating the layers bonded together by means such as thermal expansion, mechanical shock, or solvent extraction. Yes. And these are used for wipers for lenses such as eyeglasses, suede-like artificial leather, etc., and have unique performance (soft texture, dirt collecting property, etc.) that cannot be possessed by other fibers, Increasing demand and applications are expected.
[0003]
Conventionally, as a composite spinneret for spinning the above-mentioned ultrafine fiber, what is described in JP-A No. 54-125719 has been proposed. That is, the composite spinneret, on the one hand, inserts a cylindrical body into the spinning hole, supplies the polymer (A) from the cylindrical body into the spinning hole, and on the other hand, the polymer (B ) And spinning the multilayer laminated split composite fiber.
[0004]
However, in such a spinneret, the positioning accuracy between the spinning hole and the cylindrical body inserted into the spinning hole becomes important. This is because if the center alignment between the spinning hole and the cylindrical body is not successful and unevenness occurs in the channel cross-sectional area of the annular channel, the bonded shape and the bonded shape of the composite single fiber after spinning are formed. This is because the bonding strength changes and the splitting property after spinning deteriorates. In addition, if the positioning accuracy of the spinning hole and the cylindrical body inserted into the spinning hole is out of order at the time of assembly, the cylindrical body is very easily broken or broken. In particular, the above problem becomes a fatal defect when the cylindrical body is bent even slightly by some factor during repeated use.
[0005]
Furthermore, when trying to obtain a large number of split-type composite fibers with a single spinning device as in recent years, the above spinneret has produced a spinneret incorporating a spinneret corresponding to each brand. Therefore, it is necessary to change the spinneret when changing the brand. That is, a plurality of spinneret packs corresponding to the melt viscosity of each brand need to be manufactured according to the brand. However, the production of the spinneret has a problem that the cost is high and a temporary storage place for storing these spinneret packs is required.
[0006]
[Problems to be Solved by the Invention]
In view of the conventional problems described above, the object of the present invention is a composite spinneret that can cope with multi-brand and can be easily spun into a multi-layer bonded split composite fiber that can be easily split. In addition, it is an object of the present invention to provide a composite spinneret that does not cause accidental damage when incorporated into a spinneret pack.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
Here, according to the present invention,
(Claim 1) A composite spinneret for spinning a multifilament composed of a composite single fiber in which at least two types of polymers (A) and (B) are laminated together, wherein the composite spinneret comprises:
A hollow projecting introduction member that introduces the polymer (A) at the lower end protrudes, and the lower part of the projecting introduction member is a group of lead-out pores that distributes and derives the polymer (A) introduced into the hollow portion in a radial manner. A perforated top plate,
The protruding introduction member has a loose insertion hole into which the polymer (A) distributed and led out radially from the lead-out pore group and flows along the outer wall of the protruding introduction member. An intermediate plate for joining the polymer (B) in the loose insertion hole, an introduction hole for introducing the joined polymers (A) and (B), and a discharge hole provided following the introduction hole are formed. A composite spinneret characterized by including an installed lower plate,
(Claim 2) The composite spinneret according to claim 1, wherein the polymer flow path formed between the protruding introduction member and the loose insertion hole has an annular cross section.
(Claim 3) The composite spinneret according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a tip portion of the protruding introduction member has an inverted conical shape.
(Claim 4) The composite spinneret according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the outlet pore group is provided at a substantially right angle to the annular flow path according to claim 2, and (claim 5) The composite spinneret according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the middle plate is detachably provided between an upper plate and a lower plate.
[0008]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 exemplifies a composite single fiber in which at least two types of polymers (A) and (B) are laminated in multiple layers, which is a subject of the present invention. (A)) and a hollow composite single fiber (FIG. 1- (b)) are shown, respectively. FIG. 2 is a front cross-sectional view illustrating the main part of the spinneret according to the present invention, and FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view in the direction of arrows XX in FIG.
[0009]
In the spinneret shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, 1 represents an upper plate, 2 represents an intermediate plate, and 3 represents a lower plate. Here, a projecting introduction member (1a) having a hollow portion (H0) for introducing the polymer (A) is projected at the lower end of the upper plate (1), and a lower portion of the projecting introduction member (1a) The perforated lead pore groups (H1) for radially distributing and deriving the polymer (A) introduced into the hollow portion (H0) are perforated.
[0010]
The intermediate plate (2) has loose insertion holes (H2) into which the projecting introduction members (1a) are loosely inserted, and at that time, the polymer distributed and led out radially from the lead-out pore groups (H1). (A) and the polymer (B) that has flowed in along the outer wall of the projecting introduction member are provided so as to merge in the loose insertion hole.
[0011]
The lower plate (3) is provided with introduction holes (H3) and discharge holes (H4) through which the merged polymers (A) and (B) are introduced and discharged. The discharge holes (H4) Is drilled following the introduction hole (H3), and the composite polymer (A) and (B) can be discharged from the discharge hole (H4) to obtain a split composite fiber.
[0012]
In the composite spinneret configured as described above, the polymer (A) is discharged from a plurality of outlet pores (H1) drilled in the side surface of the projecting introduction member (1a), and in the loose insertion hole (H2). Merge with polymer (B). In this way, the merged polymer (A) and polymer (B) are rectified by the narrow portion formed between the projecting introduction member (1a) and the loose insertion hole (H2) of the intermediate plate (2). Then, it is guided to the introduction hole (H3) of the lower plate (3) and discharged from the discharge hole (H4). Here, the number of introduction pores that are radially perforated on the side wall surface of the projecting introduction member (1a) determines the number of divisions of the split-type conjugate fiber. For example, when the number of introduced pores is 4, the number of divisions is twice that number.
[0013]
In addition, the distance (L1) between the projecting introduction member (1a) and the intermediate plate (2) is the difference between the viscosity of the polymers (A) and (B), as well as the polymers (A) and (B) of the split composite fibers. Dominate cross-sectional shape. That is, when the distance L1 is too wide, the A polymer is arranged in an island shape or a mandarin orange shape with respect to the fiber cross section, and the splitting property is deteriorated. On the contrary, if the interval L1 is narrow, the splitting property of the split-type composite fiber and the uniformity of the distribution of the polymers (A) and (B) are improved. There is a possibility that the installation introduction member (1a) comes into contact, the angle of the projection introduction member (1a) is bent, or the tip or side surface of the projection introduction member (1a) is damaged.
[0014]
In the spinneret of the present invention, unlike the conventional spinneret, the intermediate plate (2) is used, and the polymer merge portion is in the loose insertion hole (H2). Therefore, the loose insertion hole (H2) is optimal depending on the viscosity of the polymer. It is possible to select appropriately so as to have a diameter. For this reason, the loose insertion hole (H2) can be positioned easily and easily, rather than producing various types of spinnerets with the introduction holes (H3) and discharge holes (H4) that require machining accuracy, according to the brand. By exchanging the intermediate plate (2) that can be perforated, it becomes possible to produce a split type composite fiber made of a combination of various polymers with a single die. For example, when spinning in a system in which the viscosity of the polymer (B) is very low, the dispersion of the fiber cross-sectional area is very large because the polymer (A) tends to be a tuft of mandarin orange and the distribution spots of the polymer (B) are likely to occur. And tend to bend and split during spinning. However, the diameter of the loose insertion hole (H2) is made as narrow as possible, the thickness of the middle plate (2) is made as thin as possible, and the distance (L2) between the upper plate (1) and the middle plate (2) is appropriately set. By increasing the size, cross-sectional stabilization and distribution unevenness can be eliminated. Examples of the polymers (A) and (B) include polymer compounds such as polyester, polyamide, and polyolefin.
[0015]
Next, when the polymer flow path of the narrow part formed between the projecting introduction member (1a) and the loose insertion hole (H2) is made annular, the polymer (B) is uniformly guided to the narrow part. This is particularly important in providing a driving force for the polymer (A) to be guided downward. The tip of the projecting introduction member (1a) is an inverted cone corresponding to a tapered shape for introducing the polymers (A) and (B) from the introduction hole (H3) of the lower plate (3) to the discharge hole (H4). It is preferable to make it into a shape. By doing in this way, it has the function which guide | induces the polymer (A) and (B) which merged by the narrow part smoothly to the discharge hole (H4) direction, and stabilizes the cross section of a split-type composite fiber more.
[0016]
Further, it is possible to prevent the projecting introduction member (1a) from being damaged during assembly by increasing the hole diameter of the portion where the projecting introduction member (1a) is inserted into the introduction hole (H3) as shown in FIG. This is preferable. Furthermore, the thickness of the intermediate plate (2) is increased, and thereby the lower end of the projecting introduction member (1a) is located in the loose insertion hole (H2), thereby projecting into the introduction hole (H3). The installation member (1a) may not be inserted.
[0017]
When the projecting introduction member (1a) is broken by forming a through-hole in the upper plate (1) and forming a cylindrical body that can be inserted into the through-hole. For example, only the projecting introduction member (1a) can be replaced. In addition, it is important that the outlet pore group (H1) drilled in the side wall surface of the projecting introduction member (1a) is disposed at right angles to the annular path formed between the loose insertion hole (H2). It is. In this way, when the polymer (B) is inclined in the same direction as the flow direction or in the opposite direction, the A polymer cannot sufficiently enter the flow of the B polymer. It is possible to prevent the occurrence of a shape or a mandarin orange tuft.
[0018]
Hereinafter, an experimental example in which a split type composite fiber is spun using the spinneret shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 will be described.
Hole density = 5.95 holes / cm ² (hole pitch = 1.9 to 2.2 mm, hole interval = 5.4 to 5.8 mm), number of holes = 1032, base diameter = 210 mm, derivation of projecting introduction member A base having a number of pores = 4, a narrow space interval = 0.2 mm (outer diameter of the projecting introduction member = 1.8 mm, loose insertion hole (H2) diameter = 2.0 mm), and lower plate discharge hole diameter = 0.30 mm Used to spin. At this time, as the polymer (A), a high-density polyethylene having a melt flow rate = 20 and a density = 0.96 was used, and as the polymer (B), polyethylene terephthalate having an intrinsic viscosity = 0.64 and a density = 1.38 was used. . And each discharge amount of each of these polymers was set to 375 g / min, spinning speed = 1150 m / min, and a fine yarn of 5.7 denier was obtained, which was stretched 3.0 times in 70 ° C warm water, and 110 After undergoing relaxation heat shrinkage of about 0.85 times at 0 ° C., a 2.2 denier polyethylene / polyester split composite fiber (weight ratio: A / B = 50/50, fineness after split = 0.275 denier) Although obtained, the obtained split-type composite fiber had extremely good splitting properties.
[0019]
【The invention's effect】
According to the present invention, there is provided a composite spinneret capable of coping with multi-brands and capable of stably spinning a multi-layer bonded split composite fiber that can be easily divided, and when incorporated into a spinneret pack, an error may occur. Thus, it is possible to provide a composite spinneret that does not cause damage.
[Brief description of the drawings]
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a cross section of a split polar composite fiber, where (a) is a solid cross section and (b) is a hollow cross section.
FIG. 2 is a front sectional view of an essential part illustrating a composite spinneret of the present invention.
3 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line XX in FIG. 2;
[Explanation of symbols]
1 Upper plate 1a Projection introducing member 2 Middle plate 3 Lower plate H1 Spinning hole H2 Free insertion hole H3 Introduction hole H3 Narrow flow path H4 Discharge hole

Claims (5)

A composite spinneret for spinning a multifilament composed of a composite single fiber obtained by laminating at least two kinds of polymers (A) and (B) in a multilayer,
A hollow projecting introduction member that introduces the polymer (A) at the lower end protrudes, and the lower part of the projecting introduction member is a group of lead-out pores that distributes and derives the polymer (A) introduced into the hollow portion in a radial manner. A perforated top plate,
The protruding introduction member has a loose insertion hole into which the polymer (A) distributed and led out radially from the lead-out pore group and flows along the outer wall of the protruding introduction member. An intermediate plate for joining the polymer (B) in the loose insertion hole, an introduction hole for introducing the joined polymers (A) and (B), and a discharge hole provided following the introduction hole are formed. A composite spinneret comprising a lower plate provided. The composite spinneret according to claim 1, wherein the polymer flow path formed between the projecting introduction member projecting and the loose insertion hole has an annular cross section. The composite spinneret according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a tip portion of the protruding introduction member has an inverted conical shape. The composite spinneret according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the outlet pore group is provided at a substantially right angle to the annular channel according to claim 2. The composite spinneret according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the middle plate is detachably provided between an upper plate and a lower plate.

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